icdl delhi dec 2006 battisti
DESCRIPTION
Support d'une communication réalisée lors de l'International Conference of Digital Libraries (ICDL), en décembre 2006TRANSCRIPT
How 13 French library associations managed to get some exceptions into the Copyright law
How 13 French library associations managed to get some exceptions into the Copyright law
ICDLNew Delhi, 2006
Monet, Les nymphéas
French « Droit d’auteur»French « Droit d’auteur»
Rights attributed to a real person
Author considered “sacred”
Evolution … The growing weight of economic rights and related rights
French « Droit d’auteur »French « Droit d’auteur »
No rights expressly recognized for users
BUT indirect rights thanks to:
- a list of exceptions
- the limited term of the copyright
French « Droit d’auteur»French « Droit d’auteur»
A strict interpretation of the law
Example : The rights to quote is strictly limited to a textdoesn’t apply to an excerpt
(Supreme Court of Appeal/ Nov. 13, 2003)
The first French Copyright Bill
The first French Copyright Bill
The European Union Copyright Directive is intended to harmonize the 25 different European laws on Copyright
This would involve that each State accept some compromise
The first French Copyright Bill
The first French Copyright Bill
A “light” implementation with two new exceptions - incidental reproductions (compulsory)- reproduction concerning people with disabilities
(optional)
+ Three establishments in charge of the legal deposit are attributed usage rights
The first French Copyright Bill
The first French Copyright Bill
The protection for technological measures
Some fears :
- no interoperability (e.g. : problems with free software)
- obligation to pay twice (fair compensation + technological measure)
Legal backgroundLegal background
The three-step test
Exceptions should be confined :1) “to special cases which 2) don’t conflict with a normal exploitation of the workand3) don’t reasonably prejudice the legitimate interest of the
rights holders“
Legal backgroundLegal background
The three-step test
defined for legislators
could be used by judges during cases with legal uncertainty
e.g. : prohibition of creating a private copy in a case about the reproduction of a DVD for “personal” use (Tribunal de grande instance, Paris / April 30,2004)
Legal backgroundLegal background
Contracts are privileged
One fear
not being strong enough to negotiate
Legal background Legal background
Different choices in other European countries
cf. A short study with EBLIDA Uses in libraries in some European Union countries Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom
<http://droitauteur.levillage.org/spip/IMG/pdf/usages-en-europe.pdf >
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
French librarians are not accustomed to negotiating
Several reasons : - Not trained to be negotiators
- Administrative rules- Centralization
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
The emphasis is on the exceptions
a balance between users and rightholders
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
A common task undertaken by 13 French associations
- events (Salon du livre, …..) and articles
- discussions with members of Parliament, Ministries, publishers ….
- a mailing list, an extranet and a website http://www.droitauteur.levillage.org
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
We are not alone
- la Conférence des Présidents d’Universités (CPU)- l’Association des Maires de France (AMF)- La Fédération nationale des collectivités
territoriales pour la culture (FNCC)
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
2 new exceptions concerning librarians (without compensation)
specific acts of reproduction made by publicly accessible libraries, museums or archives
uses in library for the benefit of people with disabilities
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
A new exception for illustration in the framework of teaching or scientific research
(with compensation and very restricted)
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
It is the first time that the word “library”
has appeared in the exceptions provided by the French Intellectual Property Code
Lobbies and French librarians
Lobbies and French librarians
We are still watchful concerning
- technological measures
- the implementation of the exceptions granted to libraries especially for teaching and research purposes
- new legal issues, like the implementation of an Anti-terrorist Law or other matters of concern
Main success Main success
Recognition
by public authorities
as a reliable political actor
Main success Main success
Making French librarians aware of the importance of international debates on the
information society