JRC WORKSHOP

Annual energy savings generated through energy efficiency obligation schemes and alternative measures implemented under EED Article 7

Session I: Lessons learned from the measurement, verification and validation of reported savings under Art. 7 and corrective actions possibly taken

15. November 2016 // Gregor Thenius

Brussels

• Legal background and framework conditions

• The Article 7 target

• Measures and achieved savings

• Design of M&V Systems under Article 7

• Calculation of energy savings

• Success factors

Contents

Legal background and framework conditions

Energy efficiency directive (European Union)

Austrian Energy Efficiency Act (Austria)

2014: Austria issues law on energy efficiency in order to comply with EU legislation

Decoupling of gross inland consumption and economic growth in Austria

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

2401970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

Index 1

973 =

100

BIP real Bruttoinlandsverbrauch Relativer Energieverbrauch

Entkopplung - Bruttoinlandsverbrauch/Wirtschaftswachstum

GDP real Gross inland consumption Specific energy consumption

Further decoupling since 2005

80

90

100

110

120

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

indexie

rt 2005=

100

BIV BIP Relativer EV

Entkopplung - Bruttoinlandsverbrauch/Wirtschaftswachstum

Index 2

005 =

100

The Article 7 target

Article 7 target: 271,728 TJ

Deduction of

- Amounts in transport

- Amounts not sold to

final customers

2010 2011 2012 Ø

Final energy consumption TJ 1.137.766 1.103.364 1.096.188 1.112.440

FEC - Transport TJ 366.494 357.424 351.874 358.598

FEC - Coke oven gas TJ 3.129 3.130 2.282 2.847

FEC - Blast furnace gas TJ 1.652 1.547 1.275 1.491

FEC - Spent liquor TJ 20.815 20.475 20.574 20.622

FEC - Ambient heat TJ 11.941 12.827 13.594 12.787

FEC - Own use of fuel wood TJ 21.296 26.231 27.234 24.920

average final energy sold TJ 691.175

Red

uct

ion

s

Final energy sold 691.175 TJ

annual target 10.368 TJ/a

cumulative target (2014-2020) 290.304 TJ

25% early actions 72.576 TJ

target cumulative 217.728 TJ

target annual 7.776 TJ/a

Deduction of 25% early

actions

The Article 7 target over time

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Cumulative

Early ations (max. 25 % of target) 10.368 10.368 10.368 10.368 10.368 10.368 10.368 72.576

3.888 3.888 3.888 3.888 3.888 3.888 3.888 27.216

9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 54.432

9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 45.360

9.072 9.072 9.072 9.072 36.288

9.072 9.072 9.072 27.216

9.072 9.072 18.144

9.072 9.072

Total savings 2014-2020 217.728

Interim tragets (excl. early actions) 69.984 147.744

Total savings (early actions and

measures from 2014) 14.256 23.328 32.400 41.472 50.544 59.616 68.688 290.304

annual new savings for Article 7 (2014-

2020)

2014-2017: 2018-2020:

Measures and achieved savings

Annual savings reported for 2014

Policy measure

Energy efficiency obligation scheme 2,585 n.a.

Housing and energy support of Federal Provinces and renovation vouchers

1,940 73,000

Operational domestic environmental support (UFI) 1,469 11,000

Green electricity support scheme 33 10,000

Energy taxes 22,780 74,900

Highway toll for trucks 490 7,000

Renovation initiative (commercial buildings) 304 n.a.

klimaaktiv mobil 26 n.a.

Climate and energy fund 271 n.a.

Further measures (building codes, district heating…) n.a. 48,000

Total 29,898 223,900

TJ annual reported

2014

TJ cumulative expected (NEEAP 2014)

Savings according to categories of individual actions

33%

27%

17%

7%

7%

5%3%

1%1% 0%

Heating and hot water

Building envelope

Others

Industrial installationsand processesElectricity generation (PV& CHP)Lighting

Transport

Soft measures

Cooling and airconditioning

*excl. energy taxes and highway toll for trucks

Design of M&V Systems under Article 7

The Monitoring Agency is focal point for EED reporting

BMWFW(Auftraggeber)

Energy suppliers

Energy consuming Enterprises

Energy service providers

Public authorities

Affected groups

IT service provider (third party)

Federal n Ministry of Science, Research and

Economy

Tasks of the National Monitoring Agency

Developing methods for the calculation of energy savings

Evaluating the status quo of

target achievement

Definition of data flows between all affected parties

Assessing the qualification of energy service providers

Preparation of Energy efficiency action plans

and other reports

Registration of all obligated companies

Controlling of the companies‘

obligation

Observing the Austrian market

for energy services

According to §27 of the Energy Efficiency Act

…regulates

• Criteria for the eligibility of ee-measures

• Criteria for the calculation of energy savings

• Standardised calculation methods for frequently implemented measures

• Guidelines on the calculation of energy savings for individual projects

• Documentation criteria for ee-measures

• Quality criteria for evaluators of energy efficiency measures

Decree on the National Monitoring Agency

What measures?

• Final energy

• In Austria

• Additional

• Lifetime until 2020 (if not only proportional)

Who calculates savings?

• Pre-defined and standardised bottom-up methods

• For other calculations: Qualified experts (mentioned in the decree)

How savings have to be calculated and reported?

• Criteria according to the decree

• Reported via an online database

Methods for the calculation

Steps:

1. Company/authority has to be registered at the Unternehmensserviceportal (USP), which is the single entry point for businesses to the administration

2. Company/authority has to be registered at the National Monitoring Agency

3. Accounts to the database are personalised: it is clear at each moment who entered data for a company

Reporting of measures via online forms

Two-Step registration process for the online database

Reporting of measures Online database

A glance into the online application

• Obligated parties and administrators of alternative measures report individual

measures each year via the online database

• Data reported:

• Type of measure

• Energy savings (either standardised or individual)

• Information on the customer (name, address)

• Date of implementation of the measure

• Data documented

• All other measure specific information

• EEO: Has to be made available to the National Monitoring Agency in case of detailed controls

• Alternative measures: Data documented by the scheme administrator can be used for controls

Formal M&V process

Co

ntr

ol a

nd

on

-sit

e c

he

cks

Control provisions for the EEO

All required data is reported via the online database

No pre-checks: Measures are controlled and verified after being reported by

an obligated party

Three step control procedure 1. Plausibility check

• Over all data entered • Automatic to a large extent • Double counting

2. Data check desktop • Representative sample – requested over all types of measures and

obligated parties • Calculation and documentation is evaluated based on paper files

3. On-site check • 25 days / year

Calculation of energy savings

Generalised methods and individual calculations

Generalized methods Individual calculations

Overview of generalised measures

42 Methods

Heating

Building envelope

Cooling and air conditioning

Lighting

Transport

Soft measures Electric appliances

Stand-by reduction

Solar thermal

Photovoltaics

CHP

For around 250 individual measures

Generalised methods are updated regularly • Proposal by National Monitoring Agency • Discussed with all stakeholders (obligated parties, authorities)

Energy consumption (before realization of the efficiency measure)

minus

Energy consumption (after realization of the efficiency measure)

(normalized | annual savings)

Possible data sources for the energy consumption?

Energy consumption (before / after)

energy bill standards or laws (minimum standards) measurements

Project based surveys product information

normalized, e.g. production units [t]

kilometer traveled [km]

external influences (e.g. heat degree days)

“Measures are eligible only if they result in energy efficiency

effects beyond minimum legal or technical requirements.”

Central question to ask:

What would have happened anyway?

General additionality requirement

Energy efficiency measures must be additional

Measures are eligible if they go beyond legal requirements and are

better than the existing stock or the market average.

New product/technology • Legal minimum requirement in place: sets the baseline. • No legal minimum requirement in place: baseline is set at market average of new

products/technologies.

Replacement • Legal minimum requirement only sets the baseline if replacement / refurbishment

itself is required by law / is obligatory. • Product/technology had to be replaced: Baseline is set at the market average. • Early replacement: Baseline is set at the energy consumption of the old

product/technology.

Heating demand

kWh/m²a

Energy efficiency measures must be „additional“

Measures are eligible if they go beyond legal requirements and are

better than the existing stock or the market average.

Legal requirements Market average

Heating demand

kWh/m²a

Building code Eligible savings

kWh/m²a

Efficient Building

(New building)

A+ A++

Legal requirement

Eligible savings

kWh/a

Market average

A+++

Purchased device

Use Case 1: new buildings

A new residential building will be put up. The legal requirement permits a heating demand for residential buildings.

Subsidy leads to a better energy performance than legal requirements.

The difference of heating demand can be taken into account as energy saving.

Example of a single family house:

Legal requirement: 50 kWh/m²a

Real heating demand: 20 kWh/m²a

Floor area of building: 150 m²

Expenditure factor of heating system: 120%

Energy saving = 150 x ( 50 – 20 ) x 1.2 = 5,200 kWh/a

Use Case 2: refurbishment of buildings

An existing building will be renovated due to a subsidy. Without subsidy this renovation wouldn’t take place.

The difference of heating demand of the old building and the refurbished one can be taken into account as energy saving.

Example of a single family house:

Building’s heating demand before renovation: 150 kWh/m²a

Building’s heating demand after renovation: 50 kWh/m²a

Floor area of building: 150 m²

Expenditure factor of the heating system: 120%

Energy saving = 150 x ( 150 – 50 ) x 1.2 = 18,000 kWh/a

Use Case 3: new heating system

A new building would be equipped with an average heating system. A subsidy leads to a connection to the district heating system instead.

The difference of the final energy demand of district heat in comparison to the fuel demand of an average heating system can be taken into account as energy saving.

Example of a single family house:

Building’s heating demand: 50 kWh/m²a

Floor area of building: 150 m²

Expenditure factor of an average heating system: 120%

Expenditure factor of a district heating system: 105%

Energy saving = 150 x 50 x ( 1.2 - 1.05 ) = 1,125 kWh/a

Use Case 4: refurbishment of heating systems

An existing heating system will be modernized (by a condensing boiler) due to a subsidy.

The difference of the efficiencies of the old and the new heating system can be taken into account as energy saving.

Example of a single family house:

Building’s heating demand: 50 kWh/m²a

Floor area of building: 150 m²

Expenditure factor of the old heating system: 180%

Expenditure factor of the new heating system: 120%

Energy saving = 150 x 50 x ( 1.8 - 1.2 ) = 4,500 kWh/a

• Within the policy measures

• no double counting due to information available on end customers

(name, address)

• Double counting control easily possible

• Between policy measures

• Conservative approach

• All individual measures with potential double counting are counted

only once

Double counting

Success factors

• Buildings on existing experiences (ESD reporting, voluntary agreements)

• Standardised report procedures and reporting templates

• Clear definition of eligible measures

• Clear definition of evaluation and documentation requirements

• Use default evaluation values for standard measures (especially in households)

and use the deemed savings approach in all possible cases

• Regular update of default values for generalised methods

• Performing checks on paper files instead of on-site as much as possible

• Introduction of a paperless process

• Automation of the monitoring process (e.g. use of databases)

• Clear and transparent rules adequately communicated to all actors

Monitoring and verification - success factors

Gregor Thenius Scientific Officer

ÖSTERREICHISCHE ENERGIEAGENTUR

AUSTRIAN ENERGY AGENCY

—

Mariahilfer Straße 136 | 1150 Vienna | Austria

gregor.thenius@energyagency.at | www.energyagency.at

Contact