Ichemco Sales MeetingMilano 23-24-25 June 2014

PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVES

What is a PSA?

A pressure-sensitive adhesive is a material thatbonds two surfaces together solely by surfacecontact, achieved by slight initial externalpressure. No solvent, water, or heat is needed toactivate the adhesive.Characterized by TACK, PEEL ADHESION andCOHESION. Details about this subject in thesuccessive presentation.

A pressure-sensitive adhesive is a material thatbonds two surfaces together solely by surfacecontact, achieved by slight initial externalpressure. No solvent, water, or heat is needed toactivate the adhesive.Characterized by TACK, PEEL ADHESION andCOHESION. Details about this subject in thesuccessive presentation.

PSAs

Polymer solutionWater-basedpolymer dispersion

Hot-meltAcrylics

Natural/synthetic rubber

Silicone

PSAs

Polymer solutionWater-basedpolymer dispersion

Hot-meltNatural/synthetic rubber

Acrylics Natural/synthetic latex

Synthetic rubberAcrylic UV Curable

RUBBER BASED PSAs

• Natural and/or synthetic rubber or latex areformulated with tackifiers, antioxidants andother additives. Characterized by good initialtack and adhesion particularly to low-surface-energy materials. Affected by oxidation andlight ageing.

• Natural and/or synthetic rubber or latex areformulated with tackifiers, antioxidants andother additives. Characterized by good initialtack and adhesion particularly to low-surface-energy materials. Affected by oxidation andlight ageing.

ACRYLIC PSAs

Based on acrylic polymers, they offer resistanceto solvents, UV light, elevated temperatures,plasticizers and chemical reagents. They havelow to moderate initial tack and adhesion, butthese characteristics can be modified byformulation with tackifiers and additives.

Based on acrylic polymers, they offer resistanceto solvents, UV light, elevated temperatures,plasticizers and chemical reagents. They havelow to moderate initial tack and adhesion, butthese characteristics can be modified byformulation with tackifiers and additives.

HOT-MELTNo solvent , applied at high temperatureFormulated with synthetic thermoplasticrubbers + tackifiers + oil + antioxidants +additives.Special products: UV Acrylics, coated astraditional HM, then cured by UV light. Thedegree of curing admits to modify the behaviourof the adhesive (high curing level = highercohesion; low curing level = higher adhesion andtack, lower cohesion).

No solvent , applied at high temperatureFormulated with synthetic thermoplasticrubbers + tackifiers + oil + antioxidants +additives.Special products: UV Acrylics, coated astraditional HM, then cured by UV light. Thedegree of curing admits to modify the behaviourof the adhesive (high curing level = highercohesion; low curing level = higher adhesion andtack, lower cohesion).

APPLICATION of PSAsThe selection of a PSA depends on the finalapplication and the coating technology.

In our catalogue, the products are classified on thebasis of their possible application.- PROTECTIVE FILMS- MASKING TAPES- LAMINATION- PACKAGING TAPES- LABELS- SPECIAL TAPES

The selection of a PSA depends on the finalapplication and the coating technology.

In our catalogue, the products are classified on thebasis of their possible application.- PROTECTIVE FILMS- MASKING TAPES- LAMINATION- PACKAGING TAPES- LABELS- SPECIAL TAPES

PSA for PROTECTIVE FILMS

Characteristic: a very high cohesion, quite lowpeel, good wettability on the surface to beprotected, clean removability, no ghostingeffect. Also water-light-solvent resistance canbe necessary.

These properties need the PSA to be cured.ICHEMCO offers both water and solvent based

products.Details in the catalogue or in Technical Data Sheets.

Characteristic: a very high cohesion, quite lowpeel, good wettability on the surface to beprotected, clean removability, no ghostingeffect. Also water-light-solvent resistance canbe necessary.

These properties need the PSA to be cured.ICHEMCO offers both water and solvent based

products.Details in the catalogue or in Technical Data Sheets.

PRODUCTS for MASKING TAPESIchemco offers a complete range of products formasking tapes:• Latices for paper saturation• Primer to improve the anchorage of the adhesive

(Primer MT2)• Water based release agents (serie Release W45 GB),

to be used in combination with HM and solventbased NR adhesives. Very important: there is a selfcuring process, activated by heat during the dryingstep.

• PSAs (both water based and solvent based)

Ichemco offers a complete range of products formasking tapes:• Latices for paper saturation• Primer to improve the anchorage of the adhesive

(Primer MT2)• Water based release agents (serie Release W45 GB),

to be used in combination with HM and solventbased NR adhesives. Very important: there is a selfcuring process, activated by heat during the dryingstep.

• PSAs (both water based and solvent based)

WB RELEASE AGENTSfor MASKING TAPES

Release W is our serie of water-based releaseagents for masking tapes.These products have to be coated on impregnatedKraft paper and cured with a thermal step. In thisway, the optimal release properties are reached.ICHEMCO offers standard relase agents, to be usedin combination with solvent based NR and HM PSAsand water repellent products. These ones combinerelease properties with a very good waterrepellency and are suggested for ourdoorapplications.Details in the catalogue and in Technical Data Sheets

Release W is our serie of water-based releaseagents for masking tapes.These products have to be coated on impregnatedKraft paper and cured with a thermal step. In thisway, the optimal release properties are reached.ICHEMCO offers standard relase agents, to be usedin combination with solvent based NR and HM PSAsand water repellent products. These ones combinerelease properties with a very good waterrepellency and are suggested for ourdoorapplications.Details in the catalogue and in Technical Data Sheets

PRODUCTS for LAMINATION

Lamination of different materials (PU/PE foams,synthetic leather, fabrics, etc) implies that thePSA has a good affinity for both the involvedsurfaces.Beside the range of PSAs, ICHEMCO has variousheat sealable adhesives, suitable for differentmaterials.

Lamination of different materials (PU/PE foams,synthetic leather, fabrics, etc) implies that thePSA has a good affinity for both the involvedsurfaces.Beside the range of PSAs, ICHEMCO has variousheat sealable adhesives, suitable for differentmaterials.

PACKAGING TAPES

PSAs and additives Color masterbatches:for water based,solvent based andHM products

Primers

Release agents:in water, in solvent and100% dryDetails in the successivepresentation

Color inks:inks for printing all sorts of tapes.A special presentation will be tailor-made on this subject

Color masterbatches:for water based,solvent based andHM products

Antioxidants

LABELS

• The complete range of PSAs for label is listedin our catalogue.

A brief mention to our microspheres basedproducts, suitable for removable/repositionablelabels. Products of the TACKWHITE AMC seriesare acrylic water based dispersions that containsmicrospheres. These particular products aresuitable for the production of repositionablelabels.

• The complete range of PSAs for label is listedin our catalogue.

A brief mention to our microspheres basedproducts, suitable for removable/repositionablelabels. Products of the TACKWHITE AMC seriesare acrylic water based dispersions that containsmicrospheres. These particular products aresuitable for the production of repositionablelabels.

CROSSLINKING AGENTS

• Use to modify the polymer chains, theyincrease cohesion, thermal resistance ofthe product, while reducing peeladhesion and tack.Main ones are:

• ISOCYANATES• POLYAZIRIDINES• POLYUREA

• Use to modify the polymer chains, theyincrease cohesion, thermal resistance ofthe product, while reducing peeladhesion and tack.Main ones are:

• ISOCYANATES• POLYAZIRIDINES• POLYUREA

ISOCYANATES• Curing Agent CH• Curing Agent D• Curing Agent RF-AE• Curing Agent MDI• Curing Agent W3 and W3 dil• Curing Agent W9

For solvent-based adhesives

For water-based systems

ISOCYANATES• Curing Agent CH• Curing Agent D• Curing Agent RF-AE• Curing Agent MDI• Curing Agent W3 and W3 dil• Curing Agent W9

For water-based systems

POLYAZIRIDINESCuring Agent X7PZ-28

POLYUREACuring Agent WS 5 (only for water-based systems)

Curing a water-based acrylic PSA

Peel Adhesionon Steel (N/in)

Adhesive used: TACKWHITE AP 03 HPDirect coating on 36 µm PET fim, coating weight = 8-10 g/sqmMeasurement after 48 h from coatingWater resistance: 0 = bad; 1 = not so bad, but not good; 2 = good

Peel Adhesionon Steel (N/in) Loop tack (N/in) Shear (h) Water resistance

No curing agent 6,0 6,5 90 0

1,8 % Curing Agent W 3 0,9 3,0 >300 1

1,8 % Curing Agent W 9 1,2 2,4 >300 1

0,6 % Curing Agent X 7 2,0 2,0 >300 2

0,6 % PZ - 28 1,6 3,0 >300 2

2,5 % Curing Agent WS 5 2,7 3,3 >300 2

Adding a curing agent

• In water-based systems, with polyaziridines,check pH and adjust to 9

• Add under stirring, the system has to behomogeneous and with no lumps.

• Take care to pot-life. Prepare only thenecessary quantity.

• In water-based systems, with polyaziridines,check pH and adjust to 9

• Add under stirring, the system has to behomogeneous and with no lumps.

• Take care to pot-life. Prepare only thenecessary quantity.

ANTIOXIDANTS

• Used to stabilize PSAs from thermo-oxidative degradation and photodegradation.• Degradation alters the behaviour of the product: discoloration-viscosity changes-loss of

adhesion-etcAutooxidation is initiated by heat, light (high energy radiation), mechanical stress, catalystresidues or reaction with impurities. In this process, free radicals are formed, react with oxygento form peroxy radicals which further react with organic material leading to hydroperoxides.Antioxidants interrupt the degradation process and can be classified as-PRIMARY ANTIOXIDANTS they reacts with peroxy radicals (mainly they are sterically hinderedphenols)-SECONDARY ANTIOXIDANTS they react with hydroperoxides (mainly phospites and thioesters)Photodegradationis caused by exposure to UV light, from natural and/or artificial sources.Light stabilizers are classified asUltraviolet Light Absorbers (UVAs)Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers (HALS)ICHEMCO has developed a range of synergistic blends of antioxidants, where the combinationof different product ensures a wide range protection against degradation.

• Used to stabilize PSAs from thermo-oxidative degradation and photodegradation.• Degradation alters the behaviour of the product: discoloration-viscosity changes-loss of

adhesion-etcAutooxidation is initiated by heat, light (high energy radiation), mechanical stress, catalystresidues or reaction with impurities. In this process, free radicals are formed, react with oxygento form peroxy radicals which further react with organic material leading to hydroperoxides.Antioxidants interrupt the degradation process and can be classified as-PRIMARY ANTIOXIDANTS they reacts with peroxy radicals (mainly they are sterically hinderedphenols)-SECONDARY ANTIOXIDANTS they react with hydroperoxides (mainly phospites and thioesters)Photodegradationis caused by exposure to UV light, from natural and/or artificial sources.Light stabilizers are classified asUltraviolet Light Absorbers (UVAs)Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers (HALS)ICHEMCO has developed a range of synergistic blends of antioxidants, where the combinationof different product ensures a wide range protection against degradation.

ANTIOXIDANT

Antiox AHMAntiox ASXAntiox UV-ST Antiox + UV protectorUvistop TRM 1 Anti-UV synergistic system

Synergistic blend ofantioxidants

PRIMERS

• Used to increase the anchorage of a product onthe substrate

• ICHEMCO has a wide range of primers, dependingon the substrate and on the product that will becoated then

• For solvent-based natural rubber adhesives, theprimer has to be cured with a slight excess ofcrosslinker (isocyanate), in this way there will bea better anchorage on the substrate and thecuring of the adhesive.

• Used to increase the anchorage of a product onthe substrate

• ICHEMCO has a wide range of primers, dependingon the substrate and on the product that will becoated then

• For solvent-based natural rubber adhesives, theprimer has to be cured with a slight excess ofcrosslinker (isocyanate), in this way there will bea better anchorage on the substrate and thecuring of the adhesive.