ichthyology: the study of fishes. vertebrate taxa
Post on 22-Dec-2015
252 views
TRANSCRIPT
Ichthyology:the study of fishes
Aves19%
Reptilia14%
Mammalia9%
Amphibia6%
Osteichthyes50%
Chondrichthyes2%
Vertebrate taxa
Aves19%
Reptilia14%
Mammalia9%
Amphibia6%
Osteichthyes50%
Chondrichthyes2%
Vertebrate taxa
24,500 species
850 species
8,600 species
6,500 species
4,100
Aves19%
Reptilia14%
Mammalia9%
Amphibia6%
Osteichthyes50%
Chondrichthyes2%
Vertebrate biases# pages in Larousse
Encyclopedia of Animals
6115%
154%
4812%
13535%
14837%
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
TetraodontiformesPleuronectiformes
Perciformes
ScorpaeniformesSynbranchiformesGasterosteiformes
ZeiformesBeryciformes
Atherniniformes
CyprinodontiformesBatrachoidiformes
OphidiiformesGadiformes
PercopsiformesMyctophiformes
Aulopiformes
StomiiformesSalmoniformesGymnotiformes
SiluriformesCharaciformesCypriniformes
GonorynchiformesClupeiformes
Anguilliformes
ElopiformesOsteoglossiformes
Amiiformes
Lepisosteiformes Acipenseriformes
PolypteriformesCoelacanthiformes
LepistosireniformesCeratodotiformes
Rajiiformes
SqualiformesLamniformes
Hexanchiformes
ChimaeraformesPetromyzoniformes
Myxiniformes Number of species per order
>9,000 species
Define “fish”…..
Fish extremes:
Largest (SW): whale shark (12 m)
Smallest: dwarf goby (Trimmatom nanus) – 8.0 mm carp Paedocypris progenetica – 7.9 mm
Distribution of water vs. fishes
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
fresh water
salt water
Proportion of water on planet
Distribution of water vs. fishes
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
fresh water
salt water
Proportion of water on planet
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
atmosphere
lakes, rivers
groundwater
ice and snow
Proportion of fresh water
Distribution of water vs. fishes
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
fresh water
salt water
Proportion of water on planet
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
atmosphere
lakes, rivers
groundwater
ice and snow
Proportion of fresh water
41% of all fishes
58% of all fishes
Systems and sensory modalities of fishes
• osmoregulation• buoyancy control• respiration (air and water)• mechanosensory – lateral line• light production• electroreception• electric generation• anatomically varied sound production