ict and sen and disability – taught session 2 · activity 3 technology to help pupils learn 20...
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Special educational needs and/or disabilitiesTraining toolkit
Materials for newly qualified teachers
ICT and SEN and disability
Taught session 2
2
(a) Communicateeffectivelywithchildren,youngpeopleandcolleagues.
Recogniseandrespectthecontributionsthatcolleagues,parentsandcarerscanmaketothedevelopmentandwell-beingofchildrenandyoungpeople,andtoraisingtheirlevelsofattainment.
Haveacreativeandconstructivelycriticalapproachtowardsinnovation;beingpreparedtoadapttheirpracticewherebenefitsandimprovementsareidentified.
Designopportunitiesforlearnerstodeveloptheirliteracy,numeracy,ICTandthinkingandlearningskillsappropriatewithintheirphaseandcontext.
Plan,setandassesshomework,otherout-of-classassignmentsandcourseworkforexaminations,whereappropriate,tosustainlearners’progressandtoextendandconsolidatetheirlearning.
Teachchallenging,well-organisedlessonsandsequencesoflessonsacrosstheageandabilityrangetheyteachinwhichthey:
(a) useanappropriaterangeofteachingstrategiesandresources,includinge-learning,whichmeetlearners’needsandtakepracticalaccountofdiversityandpromoteequalityandinclusion.
Supportandguidelearnerssothattheycanreflectontheirlearning,identifytheprogresstheyhavemade,setpositivetargetsforimprovementandbecomesuccessfulindependentlearners.
C27
C8
C4
C5
C28
C29
C33
Core standards addressed
Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
3
Taught session 2
ICT and SEN and disability
Learning outcomes
Participantswillunderstand:
howinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)canbeusedtoremovebarriersto"participationandlearning
thatICTcanincreaseopportunitiestoincludepupilswithSENand/ordisabilities,and"
theirroleinusingICTtosupportpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities."
Core standards addressed:
C4, C5, C8, C27, C28, C29a, C33
1 hr15 mins
Approximate timing: 1 hour 15 minutes
Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
4
Required resources
Slide presentation Taughtsession2
Handout 1 WhatcanICTofferpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities?
Handout 2 Ataxonomyofe-inclusion
Handout 3 Whoneedsalaptop?
Handout 4 Whoseresponsibility?
Handout 5 Pointsforaction
Handout 6 Self-studytasks
Film clips ‘CastleSchoolAnimations’(video1) 4:08 minutes
Toviewthefilmclip,goto:www.wmnet.org.uk/17.cfm?s=17&m=119&p=97,view_resource&start= 1&kw=&el=15&sc=0&id=537andclickon‘Viewtheitem’.
‘Whoneedsalaptop?’(video2) 2:33 minutes
S ENTrainingToolkitdiscone.Toviewtheclip,justclickontherelevanttitleinthecontentslist.
Flipchartandpaper
Markerpens
Slide
Activities Timings
Activity 1 WhatcanICTofferpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities? 10 minutes
Activity 2 WaysofthinkingaboutICTforpupilswithSEN and/ordisabilities 15 minutes
Activity 3 Technologytohelppupilslearn 20 minutes
Activity 4 Technologytoenablelearning 20 minutes
Activity 5 Reviewandreflection 10 minutes
Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Background
ThissessionlooksatdifferentwaysthatICTcansupportcurriculumaccessforpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities.Itisstructuredaroundthesectioncalled‘Ataxonomyofe-inclusion’fromChrisAbbott’sreport,E-inclusion:LearningDifficultiesandDigitalTechnologies.
Thiscoversthreeelements:
" the‘drillandpractice’softwarethatiscommonlyusedinschools
" theresourcesthatmakeworkingwithICTpossibleforpupilswitharangeofSENand/ordisabilities,includingphysical,cognitiveorcommunicationdifficulties
" technologythatenableslearning−puttingICTinthebroadercontextofapproachestoteachingandlearningratherthanindividuallearningneeds.
ParticipantsareaskedtoconsidertheirownexperiencesofICTuse,andtoreflectonhowtheirunderstandingcouldhelptoincreasecurriculumaccessforallpupils.
5Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Pre-session tasks
Allparticipantsshouldcompletethefollowingtasksbeforeattendingthissession.
Task 1 Technologypermeateseveryaspectofourlives−evenmoreoutsidetheclassroomthaninside.TohelpgetasenseofthepossibilitiesofusingICT,makealistofthetechnologyyouhaveyourself(eglaptop,desktopcomputer,phone,digitalcamera,MP3player,PSP,etc).Whatdoesthistechnologyenableyoutodo?
Task 2HowdoyouuseICT?Whatsocialandcommunicationtoolsdoyouuse?Apartfrome-mail,examplesmightincludeFlickr,Facebook,MySpace,YouTube,Bloggerandsoon.Howcouldthesetoolsbeusefulinschools?BringalongtothetaughtsessionalistofthewaysyouuseICT.
Task 3LookbackatalessonplaninwhichyouusedICT.Note:
howyouusedit"
anyrestrictionsyouexperienced"
anyotherresourcesyouwouldliketohaveused"
anyparticularsupportyouwouldhaveliked."
Note: Referringtoaspecificproduct/sdoesnotconstitutearecommendationbytheTrainingandDevelopmentAgencyforSchoolsoftheproductsandservicesoffered,norwilltheAgencyincuranyliabilitywhatsoeverforanyclaimrelatingtothem.
6Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Introduction
Showslide1tointroducethesession.
Special educationalneeds and/or disabilitiesTraining toolkit
Session 2
Materials for newly qualified teachers
ICT and SENand disability
Showslide2andintroduceparticipantstothelearningoutcomesforthesessionasawhole.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
2
Learning outcomes
You will understand:− how you could use ICT to remove barriers to participation
and learning− that ICT can increase opportunities to include
pupils with SEN and/or disabilities− your role in using ICT to support pupils with
SEN and/or disabilities
1Slide
2Slide
7Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Activity 1
What can ICT offer pupils with SEN and/or disabilities?
Learning outcomes
Participantswill:
identifydifferentwaysICTcansupportpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities,and"
focusonlearningneeds."
Approximate timing: 10 minutes
Required resources
Handout 1 WhatcanICTofferpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities?
Flipchartandpaper
Markerpens
Task
Showslide3tooutlinethelearningoutcomesforactivity1.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
3
Learning outcomes
You will:− identify different ways ICT can support pupils
with SEN and/or disabilities− focus on learning needs
Activity 13
Slide
10 mins
8Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
TellparticipantsthatICTcanbeusedtoremovebarrierstoparticipationandlearningforpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities.
AskthemtojotdownanywaysthatICTmighthelptoincludeapupilwithSENand/ordisabilities.
Takebrieffeedback.
AnswersmayincludethatICT:
canmotivateandengagepupils"
enablespupilstouseacomputerwhootherwisecouldn’t"
helpschildrentowrite,throughspecialistsoftware"
cancreateenlargedimagesforpupilswithvisualimpairments"
canpresentcontentindifferentwaystosuitpupils’preferred‘learningstyles’,and"
givesaccesstoinformationwhenandwhereitisneeded."
Therearemanyotherpossibleresponses.
Showslide4andgiveoutHandout1.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
4
What can ICT offer pupils with SENand/or disabilities?
− ICT can be motivating− ICT presents information in different ways− ICT offers an opportunity for social interaction− ICT provides a range of assistive technology tools
4Slide
UseHandout1toexpandonthebulletsontheslide.
Askparticipantstothinkabouttheirideasagaininthecontextofthebulletpointsontheslide:
Doalltheirideasfitundertheseheadings?"
Arethereotherbulletpointstheywouldliketoadd?"
ParticipantsmightsuggestthatICTcan:
promotepupils’creativity"
enablepupilstoshareideas,or"
allowpupilstoexperimentinavirtualmedium."
Again,therearemanyotherpossibleresponses.
Notedownalltheextrabulletpointssuggestedbyparticipantsonaflipchart.
9Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
NowaskparticipantstolookattheirlistsofthewaystheyuseICT,whichtheymadeaspartofpre-sessiontask2.
DoestheirownuseofICTfitundertheseheadings,too?
Takebrieffeedbackandaddtotheflipchartanyotherbulletsthatcomeoutofthisdiscussion.
TellparticipantsthatICTcan:
improveparticipationinschoollifeandaccesstothecurriculumforpupilswithSENand/or"disabilities,and
givethemricher,moreengagingandinclusiveeducationalexperiences."
ExplainthatICT:
sometimesallowsustodooldthingsinnewways,and"
canallowustodonewthingsaltogether,bothintermsofcontentandthewaycontent"isdelivered.
10Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Activity 2
Ways of thinking about ICT for pupils with SEN and/or disabilities
Learning outcomes
Participantswill:
understandhowwecancategorisetheuseofICTtoremovebarrierstoparticipationand"learning,and
understandhowtechnologycanbeusedfortrainingandrehearsal,andbeabletojudge"whenthisisappropriate.
Approximate timing: 15 minutes
Required resources
Handout 2 Ataxonomyofe-inclusion
Task
Showslide5andintroducethelearningoutcomesforactivity2.
15 mins
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
5
Learning outcomes
You will:− understand how we can categorise the use of ICT
to remove barriers to participation and learning− understand how technology can be used for training and
rehearsal, and be able to judge when this is appropriate
Activity 25
Slide
11Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Nowshowslide6.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
6
A taxonomy of e-inclusion
− Using technology to train or rehearse− Using technology to assist learning− Using technology to enable learning
ExplainthatthisparticularwayofthinkingabouthowICTsupportspupilswithSENand/ordisabilitieswasproposedin2007byChrisAbbott.
GiveoutHandout2andaskparticipantstoreadthefirsttwoparagraphs.
Whentheyhavefinished,useHandout2toexpandonslide7.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
7
Using technology to train or rehearse
“The major use of technology to train and rehearse has been through drill and practice software”
Chris Abbott, 2007
6Slide
7Slide
12Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Askparticipantstoworktogetheringroupsoffourtothinkofexamplesofthissortoftechnology.
Allowafewminutesandthentakebrieffeedback.
Responsesmightinclude:
softwaretolearnspellings–suchasWordsharkorStarspell"
mathsreinforcementprogramssuchasRMMaths,SuccessMakerorAcceleratedMath,and"
onlinemultiple-choiceexerciseswhichallowunlimitedattemptstoanswer."
AskparticipantstothinkaboutwhyprogramslikethesemightbeusefulforpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities.Theymightcomeupwithideassuchas:
reinforcement"
practice"
‘overlearning’"
automaticmarking"
objectiveassessment"
summativeassessment"
moreacceptableandaccessiblethanpagesofcalculations"
pupilscanworkattheirownpace"
automaticallymoveontohigherlevels"
reportingsystems"
consistentpresentation."
TellparticipantsthatBecta1suggeststhat‘drillandpractice’software,whenusedeffectively,canhelppupilswithlearningdifficultieswhoneedto‘overlearn’conceptsandknowledgeandpractisetheirbasicskillsindependently,bypresentingthesameskillsinarangeofcontexts.WendyFisher,intheDyslexiaReview,Summer1994,suggestedthatdrillandpracticesoftwaremightbeparticularlyusefulforhelpingdyslexicpupilsgainskills.
NowaskparticipantsiftheyseeanylimitationsordisadvantagestousingthissoftwareforpupilswithSENand/ordisabilities.
Participantsmightsuggest,forexample,that:
thereisadangerthatthecomputermightbelefttoteachpupilsratherthantheteachertaking"responsibilityforthepupils’learning
pupilsmightlearnthingsbuthavelittleunderstanding,and"
theprogramscanbedullandmechanistic."
Leadadiscussionwiththewholegroupabouthow,whyandwhenparticipantsmightusedrillandpracticesoftwareintheirteaching.
Concludethisactivitybyemphasisingthatdrillandpracticesoftware,likeanyotherteachingresource,shouldonlybeusedbyteachers,withdiscretion,aspartofaplannedprogrammetohelppupilsmeetspecifiedlearningoutcomes.
1 LearningDifficultiesandICT(http://schools.becta.org.uk/index.php?section=tl&catcode=ss_tl_inc_ac_03&rid=1805)
13Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Activity 3
Technology to help pupils learn
Learning outcome
Participantswillunderstandhowtomakesurethatpupilswhousetechnologytoaccessthecurriculumcanuseiteffectively.
Approximate timing: 20 minutes
Required resources
Handout 2 Ataxonomyofe-inclusion
Handout 3 Whoneedsalaptop?
Handout 4 Whoseresponsibility?
Film clip ‘CastleSchoolAnimations’(video1) 4:08 minutes
Toviewthefilmclip,goto:www.wmnet.org.uk/17.cfm?s=17&m=119&p=97,view_resource&start=1&kw= &el=15&sc=0&id=537andclickon‘Viewtheitem’.
Task
Showslide8tooutlinethelearningoutcomeforactivity3.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
8
Learning outcome
You will understand how to make sure that pupils who usetechnology to access the curriculum can use it effectively
Activity 38
Slide
20 mins
GiveoutHandout2andaskparticipantstoreadparagraph3.
14Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Nowshowslide9tointroducetheideaofassistivetechnology,andmakesureeveryoneunderstandstheterm.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
9
Assistive technology
Assistive technology includes:− assistive and adaptive devices that promote independence
for disabled people− the processes used in selecting and using these devices
Showslide10anduseHandout2toexpandonit.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
10
Using technology to help pupils learn
“…technology that assists is usually linked to the need to compensate for a physical disability or difficulty”
Chris Abbott, 2007
9Slide
10Slide
Tellparticipantsthattheyaregoingtowatchavideoshowingapupilusingassistivetechnology.Explainthat,althoughitmaybeunusualtocomeacrossapupilwhoneedsthisdegreeoftechnologicalsupport,laptopsarebecomingincreasinglycommoninclassrooms.
Showthefilmclip,‘CastleSchoolAnimations’(video1).
Aftertheyhavewatchedthefilm,askparticipantstoworkingroupsoffour,andgiveoutHandout3.Tellthemtocompletethehandoutbyconsideringthecharacteristicsofalaptopandthelearningneedsitmightmeet.
15Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Whentheyhavefinished,takebrieffeedbackfromthegroupasawhole,pointingoutthat:
arangeofpupilswithSENand/ordisabilitiesmayhavesimilarlearningneeds,and"
itismoreappropriatetofocusonpupils’learningneedsthanonparticularlabelssuchas"dyslexia,orDown’ssyndrome−considerhowtheresourcewillhelppupilslearnbetter.
Tellparticipantstostayintheirgroupsoffour.GiveoutHandout4andtellparticipantstocompletethetable.
Whentheyhavefinished,leadabriefdiscussion,makingsurethefollowingpointsarebroughtout:
Managingalaptopinaclassroomcanrequireinputfromdifferentpeoplewitharangeof"rolesandresponsibilities.Practicemayvaryconsiderablybetweenschoolsandevenbetweendifferentpupilsinthesameschool.Somepupilswilltakeonalargedegreeofresponsibilityforitthemselves,whileotherswillneedagreatdealofsupport.
Thereisnota‘rightanswer’towhodoeswhat,butthereisaneedtocoordinateallthetasks."Teachersshouldknowwhodoesthisintheirschool.Inprimaryschools,classteachersareoftenresponsibleforcoordinatingeveryoneinvolved.Aspupilsgetolder,theycantakeonmoreresponsibilitythemselves.
Itistheclassteacher’sjobtoensurethattechnologyisintegratedintolessonsappropriately"andsupportsthelearningobjectives.
ExplainthatpupilswhoneedcomplextechnologicalsupportwillusuallyhaveastatementofSEN.Provisionforthemwillthereforebemadethroughthelocalauthority,followinganassessmentbyanexpertinthisarea.Sometimes,particularlywhenthepupilneedsavoiceoutputcommunicationaid(VOCA),healthandchildren’ssocialcareservicesmaybeinvolved,asthedevicewillbeseenashavingaroleinsocialisationaswellaseducation.
16Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Activity 4
Technology to enable learning
Learning outcome
ParticipantswillappreciatehowICTcantransformteachingandlearning.
Approximate timing: 20 minutes
Required resources
Handout 2 Ataxonomyofe-inclusion
Film clip ‘Whoneedsalaptop?’(video2) 2:33 minutes
SENTrainingToolkitdiscone.Toviewtheclip,justclickontherelevanttitleinthecontentslist.
Whiteboardorflipchart
Task
Showslide11tooutlinethelearningoutcomeforactivity4.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
11
Learning outcome
You will appreciate how ICT can transform teachingand learning
Activity 411Slide
20 mins
17Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Askparticipantstoreadparagraph4ofHandout2.Usethisparagraphtoexpandonslide12.
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
12
Using technology to enable learning
“…the use of technology makes learning possible where it wasnot possible before… the significant difference between thiscase and the other two is that it is only through the use oftechnology, albeit in a collaborative or supportive context,that particular learning can take place. The use of technologytransforms rather than modifies the learning context.”
Chris Abbott, 2007
12Slide
AskparticipantstothinkaboutexamplestheyhaveexperiencedwhenICThasofferedlearningopportunitieswhichwouldnotbeavailablethroughanyothermeans.Recordtheseonaflipchartorwhiteboard.
Examplestheymightcomeupwithinclude:
DevelopingTray,whichhelpspupilsdevelopreadingstrategies"
aflightsimulator"
a‘flythrough’ofanancientmonument"
changingtheparametersofavirtualmodeltoask‘whatif’questions"
‘web-quests’,whereparticipantsaregivenreal-liferolesandauthentictasksthenchallengedto"fulfilthem,usuallyusingtheinternet
usingICTtocontact,oreventalkto,expertsinparticularfields."
Therecouldbemanyothers.
Askparticipantstoworkingroupsoffour.Allocateeachgrouponeoftheideasyouhaverecorded.
AskeachgrouptoconsiderhowthenewICTteachingandlearningmethodthattheyhavebeenallocatedmighthelptoincludesomepupilswithSENand/ordisabilities,whomighthavebeenexcludedbymoretraditionalapproaches.
Takebrieffeedbackfromeachgroup.Emphasisealsowherethesedifferentapproachesmightgivepupilsabetterchancetodemonstratewhattheyknowandcandothanmoretraditionalmeansofassessment.
Tellparticipantstheyarenowgoingtoseeashortfilmshowinghowalaptopcantransformteachingandlearninginschools.
Showthefilmclip,‘Whoneedsalaptop?’(video2).
18Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Activity 5
Review and reflection
Learning outcome
Participantswill:
reflectonthesession,and"
identifyactionstheyneedtotake."
Approximate timing: 10 minutes
Required resources
Handout 5 Pointsforaction
Handout 6 Self-studytasks
Task
Showslide13tooutlinethelearningoutcomeforactivity5.
10 mins
Session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
13
Activity 5
Learning outcomes
You will:− reflect on the session− identify actions you need to take
13Slide
GiveoutHandout5.
Askparticipantstousethehandouttoreflectonthesessionandidentifypersonalpointsforaction.
Thesemightinclude:
findingoutmoreaboutresourcestosupportparticularpupils’needs"
thinkingaboutaspectsoftheirplanningtolookatthepossibilitiesofferedbyICT,and"
changingthewaytheymanageICTtosupportpupilswithSENand/ordisabilitiesintheir"ownlessons.
19Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Thisprocessmaythrowupissuesthatarebeyondtheparticipants’immediatecontrol,suchasresourcingorstaffdevelopment.Suggestthattheykeepaseparaterecordofthese,andraisethembackinschoolwiththeirlinemanagerormentor.
Finally,distributeHandout6,whichliststherangeofself-studymaterialparticipantscanuse.Explainthateachtasktakesabouttwohours,plussomeobservation/researchtime,andthatattheendeachonehastwoextensiontasksforthemtocomplete.
20Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 1
What can ICT offer learners with SEN and/or disabilities?
ICTcanbeamotivatinglearningmedium.Manylearnersareattractedtocomputersandwanttolearnthroughthem.Softwareapplicationsincorporatingcolour,pictures,animations,soundandhumourcanbuildonthatinterest,creatingattractivelearningopportunitiestoengagepupils.
ICTpresentsinformationindifferentways.Studentslearnthroughdifferentchannelssoinformationpresentedinmultimediaformgivesthemmoreopportunitiestoconnect.Informationcanbeaccessedthroughtext,graphicsorsoundtosuitthestudents’individuallearningstylesandstrengths.
ICToffersanopportunityforsocialinteraction.Studentscanworktogetheraroundthecomputer,focusingonthelearningtask.Throughthismediumtheycandeveloptheirlanguageandsocialskillsaswellaslearnfromoneanother.
ICTprovidesarangeofassistivetechnologytools.Hardwareandsoftwareenablemanylearnerswithaccessdifficultiestoovercomebarriers.Physical,sensoryandlearningdifficultiescanbesupportedbytheuseofICT.
TakenfromBecta,2002,AnOverviewofSpecialEducationalNeedsandICTProvision
21Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 2
A taxonomy of e-inclusion
E-inclusion–theuseofdigitaltechnologytoassistthosewhofindlearningdifficult–isanunder-theorisedareawhichhasdevelopedpiecemealoverthelast30years.Inordertoattempttocreateastructurewithinwhichtoinvestigatetheresearchtodateandinordertokeeptheneedsofpeoplewithlearningdifficultiesinmind,thissectionofthereviewproposesthreebroadcategoriesofe-inclusion.
Thefirstcategoryistheuseoftechnology to train or rehearse.Muchuseoftechnologyinthe1980sandearly1990sfitsintothiscategory,asdoesfartoomuchlaterandcurrentuseaswell.Althoughsuchtechnologyhasitsplace,thatplaceshouldbeinthebackgroundandonlywhenneeded;toooftenthistechnologyhastakencentrestage.Thistypeofe-inclusionisoftenassociatedwithabehaviouristmodeloflearning.
Asecondcategoryofe-inclusioninvolvestheuseoftechnology to assist learning.Thisbringstomindthetermassistivetechnology,butuseofthistermisproblematicsinceitisdifferentlydefinedinvariouscontexts.Asusedinthispaper,technologythatassistsisusuallylinkedtotheneedtocompensateforaphysicaldisabilityordifficulty.Forexample,someonewhoisunabletospeakmaybeabletotakepartinadiscussionbyusingaspeakingdevice.Thisdeviceisthereforeassistingthelearningtotakeplacebutisnotacatalystforthelearningitself.Theuseoftechnologiesinthiswayisalsousuallynotrelatedtoaspecifictheoreticalmodeloflearning;itisanadjuncttolearningratherthanthekeyagencythroughwhichthelearningtakesplace.
Thethirdcategory,andonewhichdescribesfarlessclassroompracticethanissometimesclaimed,istheuseoftechnology to enable learning,wheretheuseoftechnologymakeslearningpossiblewhereitwasnotpossiblebefore.Inthiscase,thetechnologymaybemobilisedinanactiveroleinthelearningprocess:perhapsbyaskingquestions,interveninginanactivityorpresentinginteractivescenariosorsimulations.Thismightinvolvetheuseoftechnologiestofacilitatethecreationofcollaborationsandcommunitieswherelearnersworktogether,anapproachmoreoftenassociatedwithsocial-constructivistmodelsoflearning,andengagingmorespecificallywithlearninginsocialcontextsandlearningthroughcollaborationandinteractionwithotherpeople.Cruciallyhowever,thesignificantdifferencebetweenthiscategoryandtheothertwoisthatitisonlythroughtheuseoftechnology,albeitinacollaborativeorsupportivecontext,thatparticularlearningcantakeplace.Theuseoftechnologytransformsratherthanmodifiesthelearningcontext.
ThisextractistakenfromCAbbott,2007,E-inclusion:LearningDifficultiesandDigitalTechnologies,Report15,Futurelab
22Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 3
Who needs a laptop?
Thistablelistsjustafewofthewaysinwhichalaptopcansupportpupils’learning.JotdowntherangeofSENordisabilitieseachmightoffersupportto(egimprovedpresentationofworkmightremovebarriersforapupilwithaphysicaldisabilitysuchascerebralpalsy,amotordifficultysuchasdyspraxiaoralearningdifficultysuchasdyslexia).
What a laptop offers Who is likely to benefit
Easiermethodofrecording
Recordingotherthanwithtext
Fasterworking
Betterpresentationoflearningtasks(seethingsmoreeasily)
Betterpresentationofwork
Accesstoawiderangeofresources
Activitiespresentedinmoreaccessibleformats
Personalisedtasks
Statusofusingnewtechnology
Accesstoperipherals(egCCTV,touchscreen)
Continuitybetweenhomeandschool
23Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 4
Whose responsibility?
Apupilinyourclasshasalaptoptohelpremovebarrierstotakingpartandlearning.Completethetablebyfillinginwhoshouldberesponsibleforthatsupportineachcase.Sometasksmayhavemorethanoneperson’sname.ThoseinvolvedmayincludetheSENCO,teachingassistant,pupil,parent/carer,class/subjectteacher,technician,schoolkeeper,headteacher,formtutor,otherpupils,healthprofessionals,localauthority–orsomeoneelse.
Task Whose responsibility?
Keepbatterycharged
Printoutwork
Provideelectronicversionsofworksheets
Uploadworksheets
Submitworkelectronically
Makesurelaptopiskeptsecurely
Seatingthepupilwherethereisroomforthelaptop,plusbooksandperipherals,(andsometimesanetworkpointandsocket)andsuitablelighting
Loadingsoftwareandkeepingituptodate
Viruschecking
Internetsafety
Settingthelaptopupinclass
Gettingittothelessonontime
Insuringit
Providingthelaptop
Makingsureeveryonedoeswhattheyshould
Decidingwhatlessonstouseitin
24Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 5
Points for action WhatdoIwanttodonexttodevelopmypractice?
HowwillIdothis?
Whatismytimescaleforthistohappen?
HowwillIknowifIhavebeensuccessful?
DoIneedtoinvolveanyoneelseinenablingthistohappen?
25Taught session 2ICT and SEN and disabilityMaterials for newly qualified teachers
Handout 6
Self-study tasks
Every Child MattersInclusionandEveryChildMatters(SST1)"
SENanddisabilitylegislation(SST2)"
EnglishasanadditionallanguageandSEN(SST3)"
Children’sneedsanddevelopment(SST4)"
ICTandSEN(SST5)"
Cognition and learningModeratelearningdifficulties(SST6)"
Dyslexiaandspecificlearningdifficulties(SST7)"
Workingmemory(SST8)"
Behavioural, emotional and social needsBehavioural,emotionalandsocialdifficulties(SST9)"
Communication and interactionSpeech,languageandcommunicationneeds(SST10)"
Autisticspectrumdisorders(SST11)"
Physical and sensory impairmentVisualimpairment(SST12)"
Hearingimpairment(SST13)"
Handwriting(SST14)"
Developmentalcoordinationdisorder/dyspraxia(SST15)"
Working in partnershipWorkingwithcolleaguesinschool(SST16)"
Workingwithparents/carersandotherprofessionals(SST17)"