ict4smartdg ict solutions to enable smart distributed generation wp2 summary 8 may 2011
DESCRIPTION
ICT4SMARTDG ICT Solutions to Enable Smart Distributed Generation WP2 Summary 8 May 2011. PARTNERS OVERVIEW. THE CONSORTIUM. Telecom Equipment Manufacturers. Telecom Operators. DG Equipment Manufacturers. Software Developers. ICT4SMARTDG CONSORTIUM. Distribution Operators. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ICT4SMARTDGICT Solutions to Enable Smart Distributed Generation
WP2 Summary
8 May 2011
27 October 2010
PARTNERS OVERVIEW
27 October 2010
THE CONSORTIUM
Software DevelopersSoftware Developers
Telecom OperatorsTelecom OperatorsTelecom Equipment Telecom Equipment ManufacturersManufacturers
Construction CompaniesConstruction Companies
Distribution OperatorsDistribution Operators
DG Equipment DG Equipment ManufacturersManufacturers
AssociationsAssociations
ICT4SMARTDGICT4SMARTDGCONSORTIUMCONSORTIUM
27 October 2010
WP1 The Challenge for the Utility The Network with Distributed Generation
27 October 2010
WP1 The Challenge for the Utility The Network with Distributed Generation
• Two way Power Flow in Medium & Low Voltage Networks:– Multi-directional energy flows:
• Energy Storage Devices
• Customer Load
• Renewable Generation
• Distribution Network(s)
– Safety on Distribution Network is paramount• Many protection devices
• Storage and generators must be isolated from network for fault and maintenance
• Use as much as possible already existing infrastructure for economic viability
27 October 2010
WP1 Distributed Generation Requirements
• Measure and Control the MV/LV Network:– Voltage and frequency – Power flow – Load Shifting-shedding during islanding (Microgrids)– Protection of the distribution assets– Protection of utility staff & customers– Overall operational stability– Ability to interoperate with the distribution system when
connected and to transition to and from island mode– Use as much as possible already existing infrastructure for
economic viability
27 October 2010
WP1 The Challenge for ICT Technologies & Solutions (1/2)
• Energy Networks will need to rely heavily on ICT to enable Distributed Generation because the smart infrastructure will need to be:
– Self managing & self healing (best achieved through decentralized methods)
• ICT solutions will need to support and provide:– Real-time communications between power producers, suppliers, DSOs and end
users.– Real-time M2M interaction between “smart points” within energy networks– Real-time access to high-quality information on the status of the grid– Software will need to have levels of autonomy, scalability, adaptability and be
robust– Algorithms to superimpose and maintain a virtual mesh of the desired topology– Cyber security protocols to protect local grids and wider energy networks
27 October 20108
Energy Network Assets – A Typical DSO
66kv & 33kV
132kV
11kV
283 s/s
583s/s
90000s/s
400V
Consumers
4m+
SCADAPrimary Network
AUTOMATION
~100%
~30-60%
~5%
SMART METERS0%Mul
ti-di
rect
iona
l Pow
er f
low
CUSTOMERS !!
~100%
~50%
~100%
27 October 2010
Energy Industry Requirements
• For Effective Distributed Generation– Communications are needed to infrastructure assets. It is difficult to define exact
requirements because the distribution businesses (DSOs) are not yet sure of how many of their MV/LV assets they will need to monitor and manage, however estimates range from 50% of the asset base to 100% of the asset base
– DSOs also believe they will need some information from the customer premises, how many customers is not clear, estimates range from 10% to 100%
– The first of these general requirements needs real time communications and will be supported by special applications designed to manage the infrastructure.
– The second can be provided by smartmetering functionality
• Therefore, large scale distributed generation will need smartmetering in place and will require a smart infrastructure to be operating.
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27 October 2010
Energy Industry Requirements
• We can look at the requirements in more detail by using examples developed by SEESGEN
– The following tables show
• Typical services in the smart infrastructure and a high level view of data volumes, latency requirement, the level of reliability and security
• Applications and how they map onto the same service requirements• The types of technologies that could service the applications and how they
may support the data volumes, latency, reliability and security• Greater detail on the critical issue of latency• The advantages and disadvantages associated with some the more
common technologies.
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27 October 2010
Overview of Requirements, Latency, Reliability, Security
• Applications in the Grid and requirements imposed on the ICT
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Source: Alcatel Lucent uk
27 October 2010
Requirements from SEESGEN data • After identifying the ICT requirements for the grid management,
it is possible to illustrate the application (in terms of services provided by DG units) of the most common communication technologies.
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ICT Requirements based on the function assigned to units DG (High, Medium, Low) Source:SEESGEN ICT
27 October 2010
Requirements from SEESGEN data
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Figure: Suitability of telecommunications technologies based on the function assigned to DG units (suitable, partially suitable, improper) Source:SEESGEN ICT
27 October 2010
Requirements from SEESGEN data
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Figure: Data delivery time required for some applications Source:SEESGEN ICT
27 October 2010
Technology Options for DG ICT Access – using SEESGEN data for one application example
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Table General communication options for voltage regulation in the medium voltage network
27 October 2010
Requirements from Smart Buildings
• Smart Buildings will be producers and consumers of energy– Smart BMS (Building Management Systems) will manage Quality,
Environment, Health, Physical security
– ECMS (Energy Control Management Systems) will be implemented, relying on ‘intelligent’ objects and communications with improved features such as optimization of Energy Efficiency, import and/or export of energy, energy costs, dynamic control of bulding support services and strategy-based reconfiguration of devices.
– Such systems will communicate with energy distribution management solutions to support local energy aggregation or local load balancing
• Will the DSO see the communications as OpTel services or external outsourced services, what level of interaction will be required?
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27 October 2010
Requirements from Energy Suppliers and Aggregators
• Requirements from Energy Retailer/Aggregator– We received no direct feedback from the energy retail sector but it is
considered the primary focus at the present time, is smartmetering. There are many examples of smartmeter requirements, some examples are included on the ICT4SMARTDG web site.
– Contact was established with one energy aggregator operating in the USA. There principle requirement for ICT services was of a telemetry SCADA function to establish local conditions at production facilities and to obtain real time data on load shedding or load delivery from energy storage plant.
• These requirements were not seen as being more or less onerous than those demanded by the local distribution system operator
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27 October 2010
Communications Infrastructure - Needs a Decision on Service Delivery Methodologies
• Two Primary Options
• Utility Self Provided Networks– Capital Intensive, Impact of Energy Regulatory Environment– Utility Retains control of service– Designed to be Resilient and Reliable– Large choice of technical solutions
• Managed Service or Outsourced Solutions– Revenue based service– Technology agnostic– Market lead pricing
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27 October 2010
Utility Service Delivery Methods for Operational Telecommunications
• In 2010 Engineering Consultancy Mott MacDonald completed an international utility telecoms benchmarking report – the follwing slides are a sample of the findings, they illustrate that:– Most utilities still favour self provided networks for operational services with
limited use of Managed services or Outsourcing– TDM services are still prevalent for tele-protection and for SCADA solutions– The transition to IP solutions will be slow, legacy protocols present
problems and for tele-protection, the final solution may be direct optical fibre
– Industry not convinced such mission critical services can be left to public network operators.
27 October 2010
Op-Tel Network Ownership Ownership of Operational Telecommunications Network
Ownership Profile
The sample group indicates a high level of network ownership. It is interesting to note that those utilities which are involved in transmission as part of their portfolio of services (Utilities E, F, H, I) in general have a marginally higher network ownership profile than distribution only businesses (Utilities A, B and G). This is generally due to two key reasons:
1. Easier access to commoditised services from the PTO; the MV and LV plant is more likely to be located closer to telecoms services than HV plant which is often routed away from population centres
2. The type of communications services required by the DSO are usually less onerous in performance standards (less stringent latency requirements) than those required for tele-protection by the TSO and hence can be provided more cost effectively from the local PTO than by building dedicated in-house network (often for low bandwidth applications)
%age of In-House Owned Network
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Util
ity A
Util
ity B
Util
ity E
Util
ity F
Util
ity G
Util
ity H
Util
ity I
Util
ity K
DSO only
Portfolio includes TSO (e.g. Vert Int.)
27 October 2010
Op-Tel SourcingSourcing of Operational Telecommunications Services
Sourcing Profile
As detailed in the previous slide, the pure DSOs are the most likely utilities to source services from 3rd party service providers (Utilities A, B, and G). These services are selected as either leased line circuits, used to extend network reach where it is uneconomical for the utility to build out dedicated network, with services overlaid and managed by the utility itself, or a managed service where the service provide delivers some form of service over the circuit, or provides an enhanced service wrap.
Op-Tel Service Sourcing
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Util
ity A
Util
ity B
Util
ity E
Util
ity F
Util
ity G
Util
ity H
Util
ity I
Util
ity K
In-House
Leased Lines
Managed Service
Outsourced Service
Outsourcing
Utilities I and K (both TSOs) outsource all of their Op-Tel services. However, it should be noted that this is not the same outsource arrangement as occurs within the Enterprise market. In both cases, the telecoms network and assets are owned by the Utility. Secondly, the outsourced service providers are either subsidiary companies of the parent Utility (a U-Telco), or have evolved from the parent utility into a fully formed Public Telecoms Operator. Again, in both cases, utility telecoms engineering staff have been transferred from the parent utility into the U-Telco organisation, so the utility remains confident that the appropriate skills exist within the outsource service provider to service the Utilities specialist requirements.
27 October 2010
Op-Tel ServicesTechnology Platform – Transmission Protocol
Tele-Protection – Transmission Protocol
For most of the utilities sampled, TDM services (PDH/SDH) are still the preferred transportation method for Tele-Protection services. However, IP MPLS is being adopted for the more modern networks (in emerging regions) which are not faced with having to support legacy protocols or adopt complex protection schemes with very demanding and deterministic communications latency characteristics. Utility F is conducting IP trails at present with an view to migrate towards more IP services over the next 5 years. Where utilities are having to upgrade multiplexer hardware without time to conduct IP performance trials, they are adopting Multi-Service Access Node (MSAN) technology which supports both TDM and IP based services. This provides a manageable migration path and also supports convergence of Op-Tel and Corporate Communications Services across the same network infrastructure. This is the case with Utility G and Utility I.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Util
ity B
Util
ity E
Util
ity F
Util
ity G
Util
ity H
Util
ity I
Util
ity K
TDM
IP MPLS
27 October 2010
Op-Tel ServicesSCADA
SCADA – Transmission Protocol
For SCADA, there has been a greater acceptance and adoption of IP based services, and whilst currently TDM services account for 84% of the underlying technology within the sample group, this will reduce to 60% over the next 3-5 years as utilities migrate their SCADA services to an IP platform. By 2015 it is anticipated that 37% of SCADA services within the sample group will be delivered over IP.
Within this period, other Utilities will have commenced trials on IP based SCADA services and decisions on implementation taken.
SCADA - Technology Type
0
20
40
60
80
100
Util
ity A
Util
ity B
Util
ity E
Util
ity F
Util
ity G
Util
ity H
Util
ity I
Util
ity K
PLC
TDM
IP MPLS
SCADA - Percentage Migration to IP
13%
60%
3%
24%IP MPLS
TDM
PLC
Migrating to IP
27 October 2010
Within ICT4SMARTDG Partners - Strong Focus on ICT in the Managed Service & Outsource Environment
• Members of ICT4SMARTDG not surprisingly have looked towards the commercial sector for network solutions
• Following two slides reflect case for commercial sector solutions– Commercial Broadband services have relatively high penetration which
will continue to reach greater proportion of population
– Using existing commercial solutions will improve the SG/SM business case
– Use 3G( GPRS) , XDSL. Cable , as they are the most available communication technology for the majority of Customer premises
• There is a fundamental belief in utility sector that commercial services can not deliver on reliability, resilience to power outrages, latency requirements. In addition utilities lose control of service provision and service support functions.
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27 October 2010
Communication Access Solutions available
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Rank
Fixed broadband subscriptions, total, June 2010
31 Iceland 106.258
30 Luxembourg 169.757
29 Slovak Republic 651.268
28 Ireland 907.859
27 New Zealand 1.048.518
26 Finland 1.407.500
25 Czech Republic 1.446.900
24 Norway 1.653.837
23 Chile 1.729.575
22 Hungary 1.870.149
21 Austria 1.921.445
20 Portugal 2.013.528
19 Denmark 2.062.000
18 Greece 2.107.000
17 Switzerland 2.894.830
16 Sweden 2.966.384
15 Belgium 3.237.052
14 Poland 4.982.882
13 Australia 5.167.000
12 Netherlands 6.245.000
11 Turkey 6.780.479
10 Canada 10.138.741
9 Spain 10.261.933
8 Mexico 10.843.812
7 Italy 12.849.074
6 Korea 16.789.170
5 United Kingdom 18.827.700
4 France 20.257.000
3 Germany 25.599.360
2 Japan 33.537.796
1 United States 83.344.927
Source: OECD
Note: See the OECD broadband portal for information on data sources and notes
27 October 2010
Communication Access Solutions available
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27 October 2010
ICT Solutions For SMARTDG
• Research confirms virtually all applications providers, system integrators and solution vendors have a view of smartgrid.
• Very few will provide details of what can actually be delivered– This should not be a surprise, the energy sector does not know what is required and
many will say nothing is needed for five years• The concern is that customers will make choices on EVs, heat pumps and domestic
renewable energy and the energy sector must react to ensure the consequences of those choices are not catastrophic for the network and energy supplies
– Work that is in progress on trials of smart infrastructure are based on traditional energy network applications and are focused in currently available technologies such as GPRS/3G, PLC and proprietary wireless solutions
– Universities and academic institutions are also working on the complex problems of taking existing energy automation solutions and developing them to provide the functionality and flexibility required for the smart infrastructure
• All players are trying to find their own space in the marketplace:– Major ICT players are looking to deliver all SG ICT needs including working in
substation environment– Traditional distribution management vendors, trying to move into ICT space
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27 October 2010
ICT Solutions For SMARTDG
• All players are trying to find their own space in the marketplace:– Major ICT players are looking to deliver all SG ICT needs including
support for the smart substation environment
– Traditional distribution management vendors, trying to move to compete with those who in the past have concentrated on the corporate ICT market
– Many mobile operators believe the Machine to Machine solutions can deliver on smartmetering and smart infrastructure. This market is growing rapidly, strong competition with Millions of connections and presumably this will drive lower prices
– It is not clear whether the proposed solutions meet any recognised standards, many may be considered proprietary causing vendor/supplier “lock-in”
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27 October 2010
A Few Examples:
SW and Middle ware solutions (Nokia)
• Fully managed ICT Communication Services by One-NDS Nokia Solution and NSN OPEN EMS
– Open EMS Suite is a software platform product for the Operations Support Systems (OSS) market containing generic services, built-in applications and develop tools- that makes it possible for application developers to effectively create various kinds of network and element management products and solutions.
– One-NDS is an open, customer-centric directory containing all subscriber and service data in one logical entity for existing and future domains and applications
– Used with ServusNet, delivered operational management systems to a wind farm in Ireland
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27 October 2010
A Few Examples:
DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION
• PIAM (Ambient Intelligence Platform) Solution
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– This solution has a big number of applications. One of them is to monitor and control energy devices and could be an option for DER in a DG environment at Domestic Level.
– The PIAM Ambient Intelligence Platform project proposes the creation of a new technological space with the capability to manage and access an increasing number of sensor and actuator
27 October 2010
A Few Examples: DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION
• General M2M solution for monitor and control of the Electric Grid
– In this application, M2M technologies are broadly extended and used specially for power metering.
– They have some advantages in reducing the operational costs It is a very Telco oriented solution probably it is not optimal to control functions in smart grid.. It has been designed for monitoring purposes, even though the possibility of including actuators and control is contemplated. The control of actuators must cope with the very low latency requirements of some smart DG applications, such functionality is not contemplated in M2M.
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27 October 2010
A Few Examples: DIFFERENT LAYER SOLUTION
• SAMARES OSIRIDE is a smart operations centre intended to provide integrated management of many installations producing energy from renewable sources through the use of Mediation Devices (MD, e.g.: OSIRIDE QS, other dataLOG).
– The center receives and combines information from one or more systems for the production of energy from renewable sources in order to control and show to the public the performances of a lot of distributed energy systems.
– The system interfaces with data loggers and Mediation Devices of individual plants. It has a modular software architecture that handles a large number of communication protocols, both standard and proprietary including: NMR MODBUS,
– DLSm, COSEM, TVP-IT, Ethernet, etc.
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27 October 2010
A Few Examples:
Active Network Management control Solutions
• Aura and ABB Statcom• AuRA-NMS, an autonomous
regional active network management system currently being developed in the UK through a partnership between several UK universities, two distribution network operators (DNO) and ABB.
– The scope of control to be undertaken by AuRA-NMS includes: automatic restoration, voltage control, power flow management and implementation of network performance optimisation strategies.
• The continuous increase of installed wind power seen during recent years has forced the transmission system operators (TSO) to tighten their grid connection rules – also known as grid codes – in order to limit the effects of wind power parks on network quality and stability.
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27 October 2010
THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG
• No clear Architecture Reference model to follow many vendors are proposing similar, very complex models– IEEE Communications reference model (P2030)
– EPRI Communications Architecture
– Connected Service Framework from Microsoft
• A lot of companies creaqting applications ( See GTM report)• Most of them currently focus on smart metering and home
networks• Use of raw communications, WAN, LAN, etc( PLC, XDSL,
Ethernet, GPRS etc)
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27 October 2010
THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG?
• Strong play being made by SW Industry ( SAP, IBM, ORACLE, Microsoft, etc) to use SOA models.
• SOA models good for Web designed services, could support metering solutions, billing, energy consumption and analysis
• Apparently not recommended for Real Time critical applications.
• Most of these SW solutions are a mix of existing port folio solutions ( Lotus, WebSphere, Tivoli etc)
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27 October 2010
THE REFERENCE MODEL PROPOSED IN ICT4SMARTDG?
• Major Telecom operators favour NGN services to deliver all requirements for Smartgrid
• Traditional Op Tel systems such as SCADA could be integrated in NGN by means of SIP/IP in the reference model
• End to end solutions supported by integration in the Fixed Mobile Convergence Model
• Telcos has experience in managing a lot information from millions of devices, and users ( for billing, charging, etc).
• Use IPv6 without forgiving IPv4• Network open to Internet, but telcos have extensive experience
on Cyber security
27 October 2010
General approach to Reference Architecturein ICT4smartDG?
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• There is an opinion that suggests the best reference model is a combination of the SOA orientated solution favoured by SW providers and the NGN solution favoured by Telco operators Such discussions are beyond the remit and capability of this group
27 October 2010
Regulatory Requirements - Energy Sector
• Many groups are examining the regulatory issues in the energy sector, we have included a summary from one such group, the SUSTELNET PROJECT
– Non-discriminatory network access is a key precondition to a level playing field between centralized and distributed generation
– Open access to wholesale electricity markets for distributed generation is already granted by the Electricity, RES and CHP Directives
– The scope of market access should be broadened to include ancillary services– The benefits and cost of distributed generation to the electricity system are
directly related to the geographical point of connection– To facilitate the integration of DG in electricity networks DSOs have to endorse
‘active network management’– This active network management entails investment in innovations to improve
network management, in particular in the field of ICT– The current regulatory frameworks often do not allow for DSOs to recover the cost
of investments in innovation.
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27 October 2010
Regulatory Requirements – Telecoms Sector
• It is recognised Wireless solutions will play a major role in the ICT support for smart metering and smart infrastructure.
• Utility companies in Europe use a range of wireless spectrum for diiferent support services in their infrastrtructure networks
• It is recognised by the utility sector that additional spectrum is required to deliver ICT services for Smartgrid– There are sound arguements for harmonised spectrum across Europe for utilities
• Vendor companies can better plan their products• More vendors will enter the market, creating competition and price pressure• A competitive market will stimulate innovation through market pressure• A larger, unified market will encourage service companies into the smartgrid arena
• EUTC supported by the vendor community is in discussion with DGINFSO Spectrum Policy Unit on the opportunity for harmonised spectrum
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27 October 2010
WP2 - Conclusions
• Current ICT utility service delivery methods favour self provided networks. This is not likely to change dramatically in the next 3-5 years
• A range of telecom technologies are being used in smart infrastructure trials
• The ICT community believe public networks should be used to support the new smart energy networks. Existing public service solutions and applications can provide an improved business case.
• Telco companies and Software companies believe NGN and SOA solutions respectively are capable of meeting all the future SG requirements although each has benefits and disadvantages
• Utilities will need to be convinced, this is not a short term activity, discussions between Telco IMS, SOA Manufacturers and Power Utilities should be considered at the earliest opportunity
• Stadardization is a major issue being discussed in may different fora, it is important from a European perspective progress is made on this issue
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27 October 2010
Conclussions-Recommendations added by Isidro ¿?