icu planning1
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8/7/2019 ICU PLANNING1
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y Intensive care units are specialty units designed,equipped and staffed with skilled personnel fortreating very critically ill patients or those requiring
specialized care and equipment.y The different types of ICUs may be burns, NICU,
PICU, SICU, MICU, EICU etc.
y Establishing and maintaining an ICU complex is costly
because it requires special space, equipment and staff.
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y Provision of inpatient services for the critically sickpatients.
y Continuous, intensive observation and monitoring of all the vital parameters for continuous assessment of the patients clinical condition.
y Specialized investigations and life saving procedures.y Intensive and specialized nursing care.
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Location:
y Should be close to the emergency department, OR,recovery rooms, laboratory and radiology so that itprovides an easy access in cases of emergency.
y Should have a controlled access and be away from themain traffic flow
y Should be away from the traffic of goods and otherhospital staff.
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Layout:
y Should not be more than 12 to 16 beds in the ICU.
y A unit with 12 ICU beds may be the most economical one.
y Direct visual contact between the patients beds/ rooms and thenurses station.
y Entrance door should be 4 ft wide for easy movement of beds
y Rooms should be at least 150-180 sq.ft with free space around
the bed.
y Separate isolation room.
y Beds placed diagonally give more space for movement.
y Space between 2 beds should be at least 4ft.
y Space of 1 meter between the head end of the wall and 4 ftbetween the foot end to permit emergency procedures
y Partitions either cubicle with full height glass walls formaximum visibility along with curtains for privacy; non- cubicle
ones may have curtains.
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y W aiting area for relatives
y Nurses station for charting and monitoring.
y
Hand-wash areay Reception area
y Storage and utility rooms
y Staff areas rest room, toilets, consulting room.
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Dirty room
Toilet
Doctorsroom
Cleanroom
Storage
Nurse station
Hand washReception
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y Bed-side monitors for monitoring the vitals of the patientsy
Resuscitation equipments like defibrillators, infusion pumps, bloodgas analyzer, ventilators, syringe pumps, ambu-bag.y The most important requirement is the Crash-cart should be kept
easily accessible.y Portable x-ray machine, ECG machine.y Availability of Dialysis machine for dialysis in ICU.y The department should have UPS back up for emergency.There should be minimum furniture in the room such as bed,chair and over bed table. Beds may be mechanically or electrically operated with detachable rails, movable and with a locking device on
wheelsEach bed in an ICU should have the following:y Gas outlets- 2 for oxygen, 1 for suction, 1 for compressed airy Nurses call buttony 10-12 Electrical socketsy
Provision for alarm
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y Room with low noise & no echo.y Fully air-conditioned with temperature and humidity control and air
change.y Air change should be from clean to dirty areas.y Isolation rooms with the facility of negative / positive air pressurey Temperature: 24 degreesy Humidity: 50% (+/- 5)
y Overhead lighting facility, high illumination and spot lighting forcarrying out procedures
Floor:y Easy to clean, non-slippery, stain proof y Carts and beds should roll easily
y Vinyl tiles used for flooring, can be replaced easily in case of damage. W alls:y Durable, easy to clean and maintain, visually appealingy Tiles used in the f loor may be used upto 4-5ft and further up a
soothing paint and glass panels
y Avoid A/c panels, paintings, Vinyl sheets.
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y Doorstoppers and hand rails placed; helps for patientmovement and ambulation
Ceiling:
y Bright spotlights and fluorescent lights may cause straining of eyes of the patient
y Surgical headlights (battery operated) for doctors arepreferable in an ICU.
y Ceiling should be break proof due to leaks and condensation
y No lines or wires should be kept or run over the ceiling.
Materials:
y High quality and adequate quantity of medical/ non-medicalstock
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y Intensivist
y Resident doctorsy Nurses 1:1 ratio
y Support staff 1-2/bed
y Respiratory therapists, physiotherapists, nutritionist,
technicians.
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ICU
LAB/IMAGING
MAINTENANC
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CASUA LTY LAUND
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