ieee powertech 2011realisegrid.rse-web.it/content/files/file/news...a “catalogue” of technology...
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IEEE IEEE PowerTechPowerTech 20112011
A. L’Abbate*, G. Migliavacca*, T. Pagano**, A.Vaféas**
* RSE (former CESI RICERCA/ERSE), Italy** Technofi, France
Advanced transmission technologies in Europe:a roadmap towards the Smart Grid evolution
Trondheim, June 21st, 2011
2011-06-21 2TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
OutlineOutline
REALISEGRID technology roadmap rationale: background and issuesAssumptions for roadmap building Main roadmap componentsKey outcomesPotential for advanced transmission technologies in EuropeConclusions
2011-06-21 3TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Background and issuesBackground and issues
European TSOs have to deal with several challenges• regional markets opening• increasing level of inter-zonal congestions• changing regulatory framework• massive variable RES generation penetration• assets ageing• environmental and social constraints• active demand and distributed generation penetration
A transition towards a progressive re-engineering of the European grids has startedTransmission networks are key enablers of the Smart Grid evolution in Europe
2011-06-21 4TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 4
Roadmap rationaleRoadmap rationale
Advanced transmission technologies may provide alternative solutions to current issuesThe REALISEGRID technology roadmap is a TSOs-targeted work, analyzing the potential integration of advanced transmission technologies into the European system at short/mid/long term horizons.It leans on two knowledge elements:- a transmission system perspective, with a long-termvision of the European system (TSOs)- a technological perspective bringing in the ongoingprogress related to promising technology options (manufacturers)
Key questions: which technologies? At which time horizon?
2011-06-21 5TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 5
A “catalogue” of technology options available for TSO integrationControl zone constraints impact the choice of one option against the others Cost-benefit analysis is required for the final choice (more and more often involving cross-border criteria)
Bene
fits
from
Techn
o Integration
(System attribu
tes im
provem
ents)
Increased system reliability
Increased Transmission
capacity
Extended power flow
controllability
System Losses Reduction
Reduced Environmental
impact
Sustainable grid expansion (domestic and cross‐border)Existing grid optimization
Roadmap rationaleRoadmap rationale
2011-06-21 6TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 6
Assumptions: time horizonsAssumptions: time horizonsTwo overlapping timeframes• for technology incorporation ending in 2030 • for architecture and major evolutions of the
European power system ending in 2040
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Short -term Mid-term Long-term
REALISEGRID 2030 time horizon for technologies
EU 20-20-20
TYNDP investments
EEGI 2020 vision
REALISEGRID
2040 time horizon
for architectures
Supergridtype projects time horizon
2011-06-21 7TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 7
Assumptions: technologiesNo coupling between technologies (loss of potential impacts)No consideration of OPEX driven innovationSome technologies impacting TSO operations have been taken into the pictureSome technologies have been discarded like• EHVAC (750 kV) OHLs• Tools for real time decision making• Protective relays (revisit of the N-1 rule required)• Emergency / Restoration
2011-06-21 8TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 8
The technological scopeThe technological scope
P1) XLPE underground/submarine cables
P2) Gas Insulated Lines
P3) High Temperature Conductors
P4) High Temperature Superconducting cables
P5) Innovative towers for HVAC lines
PASSIVE TECHNOLOGIES
A1) Fault Current Limiters
A3-4 ) High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)
A5-12) Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS)
ACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
REAL-TIME TECHNOLOGIES
RT2) Wide-Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS)
RT1) Real-Time Thermal Monitoring (RTTR)
A2) Phase Shifting Transformers
EQUIPMENT IMPACTING ON TSO’ s OPERATIONS (ITO)
ITO1) Smart metering (impact of)
ITO2) Wind powered pumped hydro storage
ITO3) Compressed Air Energy Storage
ITO4) Flywheel Energy Storage (FES)
ITO5) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)
ITO6) Sodium-Sulfur (Na-S) batteries
Inno
vativ
e
tech
nolo
gies
ope
rate
d by
TSO
sTe
chno
logi
es
Not
ope
rate
d by
TSO
s
ITO7) Flow batteries
ITO8) Super/Ultracapacitors
ITO9) Lithium-Ion batteries
2011-06-21 9TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 9
The roadmap componentsThe roadmap componentsA) Action agendas and synthetic view of key milestones
B/C) Benefits/Costs
D) Detailed technology cards
E) Stakeholders’point of view (in case of discrepancies)
2010 2020 2030Short -term Mid-term Long-term
REALISEGRID 2030 time horizon for technologies
EU 20-20-20
TYNDP investments
EEGI 2020 vision
2010 2020 2030Short -term Mid-term Long-term
REALISEGRID 2030 time horizon for technologies
EU 20-20-20
TYNDP investments
EEGI 2020 vision
2040 2050
REALISEGRID
2040 time horizon
for architectures
Techno‐economic challenges
2010‐2020 2020‐2030 2030‐2040
Methodologies to estimate PMU data accuracy
Improved accuracy and reliability of the Synchronized Data Acquisition processesOptimal PMUs placement with respect to system operationImproved performances of Communication infrastructureOvercoming time lags inherent in long‐distance information transmissionDevelopment of distributed control architectures based on intelligent devices (smart sensors)
Scalable processing systems supporting the intense WAMS data computation requirements allowing full Development of oscillation detection algorithms to exploit dynamic capabilities of PMU
Offline information analysis for planning purposes
Other ….Full scale demonstrations to be performed to value the real system benefits of WAMS (first results expected by 2015) , source ENTSOE
Opening a transparent data exchange in an inter‐TSOs context
Develop Standards and Deployment Recommendations involving manufacturers and TSOs
Full integration of PMU information into SCADA systems
2010: A few EU contries have implemented country ‐wide WAMS: Italy; Austria; France, Sweden ; Denmark; Hungary
All TSO are using WAMS on a country basis
All TSOs are using WAMS coordinate operations
RD&D as seen by manufacturers
Integration tests as seen by TSOs
Full scale use within the EU27
interconnected transmission system
0
1
2
3
4
5
Increased system reliability
System losses reduction
Extended power flow controllability
Increased transmission capacity
Reduced environmental impact
Benefits from technology XX integration replacing conventional solutions
Reference: Conventional HVAC network
P1: technology XX
The technology portfolio in the TSO context at the 2030/2040 horizon
2030
Vision
By 2020 the electricity networks in Europe should
•Actively integrate efficient new generation and consumption models
• Coordinate planning and operations of the whole Electricity Network
• Study and propose new market rules to maximize European welfare
Source European Industrial Electricity Initiative on Electricity grids
Uncertain demand
and generation
EU electricity
Market designs
Legal and regulatory
framework
Increasing complexity of
grid operation & planningNew grid architecture(s)
Key be
nefits
from
Techno
logies
Integration
Sustainable grid expansion (domestic and cross border)
Existing grid optimization
Increased system
reliability
IncreasedTransmission capacity
Extended power flow
controllability
System LossesReduction
Reduced
Environmentalimpact
REAL TIME TECHNOLOGIES
RT2) Wide‐Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS) RT1) Real‐Time Thermal Monitoring (RTTR)
Critical
Challenges
P1) XLPE underground cables
PASSIVE TECHNOLOGIES
P2) GILs (Gas Insulated Lines )
P4) HTS cables
P5) Innovative towers for HVAC lines
P3) HTC (High Temperature Conductors)
A1) Fault Current Limiters
ACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
A2) PST
A5‐12) FACTS
A3‐4) HVDC
By 2030
SameVision as 2020 but at the levels set by the EU energy policy at 2030
Smart metering (impact of)
Wind powered pumped hydro storage
Compressed Air Energy Storage
Flywheel Energy Storage
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
Sodium‐Sulfur (Na‐S) batteries
Techno
logies ope
rated by
TSO
s
Sustainable Grid expansion
New grid architectures
Existing Grid asset optimisation
HTS‐DC
Underground/submarine bulk transport
Aerial bulk transport
XLPE
GIL
HTS
HVDC CSC
FACTS Shunt
PST
RTTR
FCLs (novelconcepts)
HTC (new)
2010‐2020 2030‐20402020 ‐ 2030
InnovativeTowers
Real Time
Passive
Active
2030 Pan EU
grid vision
c1c2
c3
c7
r1 r2 r3
w1w2 w3
p2p1
x2 x3 x4 x6x5
x7
g1
g3
d1d2
d5
d6d6
d9
d8
s2
s1 s3
f3f2f1
f4
f6
t2t1
t3
l1l2 l3 Medium
maturity
High maturity
Low maturity
New joint T&D system operations
STORAGE
Smart metering expansion
x1
g2
c5c4
l4
HVDC VSC
d3
FACTS Series
f5
Coordinated control
WAMS
w4
Storage facilities in operation
c6
σ1 σ2 σ3
Other IMPACTING Technology Impacting
d4
2011-06-21 10TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 10
Technology agendas Technology agendas
R&D by Manufacturers
Integration tests by TSOs
Deployment in Europe
2010-2020 2020-2030 2030-2040
Techno‐economic challenges
2010‐2020 2020‐2030 2030‐2040
Methodologies to estimate PMU data accuracy
Improved accuracy and reliability of the Synchronized Data Acquisition processesOptimal PMUs placement with respect to system operationImproved performances of Communication infrastructureOvercoming time lags inherent in long‐distance information transmissionDevelopment of distributed control architectures based on intelligent devices (smart sensors)
Scalable processing systems supporting the intense WAMS data computation requirements allowing full Development of oscillation detection algorithms to exploit dynamic capabilities of PMU
Offline information analysis for planning purposes
Other ….Full scale demonstrations to be performed to value the real system benefits of WAMS (first results expected by 2015) , source ENTSOE
Opening a transparent data exchange in an inter‐TSOs context
Develop Standards and Deployment Recommendations involving manufacturers and TSOs
Full integration of PMU information into SCADA systems
2010: A few EU contries have implemented country ‐wide WAMS: Italy; Austria; France, Sweden ; Denmark; Hungary
All TSO are using WAMS on a country basis
All TSOs are using WAMS coordinate operations
RD&D as seen by manufacturers
Integration tests as seen by TSOs
Full scale use within the EU27
interconnected transmission system
As seen by
LegendN/C No clear view in the development due to uncertainty at that the time horizon
No evidence of consensus between the manufacturers N/D No Development are expected to occur due to the maturity stage of the technology
2011-06-21 11TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 11
Key technology integration Key technology integration challenges: WAMSchallenges: WAMS
Id Key technology integration challenges Type of challenge
w1 Improved WAMS signal accuracy and standards development Performances
w2 Development of standards for WAMS algorithms Standardsw3 Evaluation of WAMS benefits based on full scale demonstrations by TSOs Coordinated use
w4 Large scale validation of the use of WAMS in Europe to monitor/control inter‐area power oscillations
Demonstration, combined use
2011-06-21 12TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
New grid architectures
Existing Grid asset optimisation
Existing Grid asset optimisation
RTTR
2010‐2020 2030‐20402020 ‐ 2030
Real ‐Time
2030 Pan‐
Europeangrid vision
r1 r2 r3
w1w2 w3
New joint T&D system operations
WAMSw4
Id Key WAMS technology integration challenges Type of challenge
w1 Improved WAMS signal accuracy and standards development Performances
w2 Development of standards for WAMS algorithms Standardsw3 Evaluation of WAMS benefits based on full scale demonstrations by TSOs Coordinated use
w4 Large scale validation of the use of WAMS in Europe to monitor/control inter‐area power oscillations
Demonstration, combined use
Medium maturity
High maturity
Low maturity
2011-06-21 13TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Sustainable Grid expansion
Sustainable Grid expansion
New grid architectures
Existing Grid asset optimisation
Existing Grid asset optimisation
HTS Cables
HTS‐DC
Underground/submarine bulk transport
Aerial bulk transport
CSC‐HVDC
Multiterminal
HVDC
HVDC‐VSC
XLPE
GIL
HTS
HVDC CSC
FACTS Shunt
PST
RTTR
FCLs (novelconcepts)
HTC (new)
2010‐2020 2030‐20402020 ‐ 2030
InnovativeTowers
Real Time
Passive
Active
2030 Pan‐
Europeangrid vision
c1c2
c3
c7
r1 r2 r3
w1w2 w3
p2p1
x2 x3 x4 x6x5
x7
g1
g3
d1d2
d5
d7d6
d9
d8
s2
s1 s3
f3f2f1
f4
f6
t2t1
t3
l1l2 l3
New joint T&D system operations
STORAGE
Smart metering expansion
x1
g2
c5c4
l4
HVDC VSC
d3
FACTS Series
f5
Coordinated control
WAMS
w4
Storage facilities in operation
c6
σ1 σ2 σ3
Other IMPACTING Technology Impacting
d4
Medium maturity
High maturity
Low maturity
2011-06-21 14TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 14
Key outcomes/1Key outcomes/1#1: Major technology breakthroughs may possibly occur not before 2020
#2: Several passive technology options co-exist to address network expansion needs and/or existing asset optimisation
#3: Active technologies, allowing network expansion and/or existing grid assets optimization, will become crucial for the future integration of RES into the pan-European power transmission system
2011-06-21 15TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 15
Key outcomes/2Key outcomes/2#4: The combined use of passive/active technologies and real-time equipment, upon simulations and tests, may allow further optimising the use of the existing increasingly congested European grid assets
#5: Large scale experiments (system innovation) at European level are needed to validate costs and benefits under different boundary conditions
#6: Impacting technologies (smart metering, storage, smart substations) are expected to significantly ease TSOs’ operations provided that operational rules and procedures are revisited collectively
2011-06-21 16TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 16
Key outcomes/3Key outcomes/3#7: Non-technical barriers slowing the adoption pace are still present: • TSOs’ acceptance and confidence need funded
large scale demonstrations • Critical equipment interoperability is driven by a
few equipment manufacturers on a worldwide market
• Financing depends on regulatory frameworks and investment incentives in place for transmission systems
• Administrative procedures, such as multi-authority authorization, need harmonization at EU level
2011-06-21 17TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Advanced technologies in EuropeAdvanced technologies in Europe
Source: ENTSO-E17TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2011-06-21 18TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Application and projects in EuropeApplication and projects in Europe
PSTs at many cross-border as well as internal tiesSeveral WAMS/PMU applicationsRecent/ongoing HTC/HTLS installations e.g. in Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, IrelandInnovative towers for OHLs, e.g. in the Netherlands, ItalyEmerging RTTR-monitored OHLs/cables (e.g. potential in Germany)GIL for niche applications (most recent: Frankfurt airport)
18TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2011-06-21 19TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
FACTS projects in Europe:SSSC in Spain (pilot project)SVC/STATCOM in Italy (under study)SVC/series controllers in Germany (planned/under study)SVC in Finland (completed)SVCs in France (Brittany) (completed/planned)Series controllers/SVC in Poland (under study/planned)SVCs in Norway (completed)Series controllers/STATCOM in UK (planned/under construction)Series controllers in Sweden (under study)
19TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Application and projects in EuropeApplication and projects in Europe
2011-06-21 20TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
HVDC embedded in the AC system in Europe:France – Spain (2x1000 MW,±320 kV,2x65 km DC underground cable, VSC-HVDC)Sweden – Norway (2x600 MW,±300 kV, OHL/underground cable,MT-VSC-HVDC)Italy – France (2x600 MW,±320 kV,2x190 km DC underground cable, VSC-HVDC)Finland – Sweden (800 MW,500 kV,103 km DC OHL,200 km DC submarine cable, CSC-HVDC)UK (England) – UK (Scotland) (1800 MW,500 kV,365 km DC submarine cable, CSC-HVDC)UK (Wales) – UK (Scotland) (2000 MW,500 kV,360 km DC submarine cable, CSC-HVDC)
20TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Application and projects in EuropeApplication and projects in Europe
2011-06-21 21TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Point-to-point, long distance links Bulk power transmissionElectricity Highways as backbones of a potential overlay network (Supergrid)
Further HVDC potential in EuropeFurther HVDC potential in Europe
Source: TU Dresden21TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2011-06-21 22TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Further HVDC potential in EuropeFurther HVDC potential in Europe
Source: EWEA
A mid-long term (2020 and after) vision: from onshore to offshore grids
TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2011-06-21 23TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Further HVDC potential in EuropeFurther HVDC potential in Europe
Source: MedRing update study / ENTSO-E
MedRing
23TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2011-06-21 24TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
ConclusionsConclusionsThe REALISEGRID roadmap analyzes transmission technology adoption trajectories in Europe: it can be used as an input to the ENTSO-E 2050 roadmapIn the short-mid term (up to 2020) these technologies may definitely emerge: HVAC XLPE cables, VSC-HVDC, FACTS (SVC and STATCON, also with storage), HTC/HTLS, RTTR-monitored OHLs/cables, WAMS/PMU, reduced impact towers for OHLsIn the mid-long term (after 2020) these technologies may definitely emerge: multiterminal VSC-HVDC, FACTS (SSSC, TCPST, UPFC), FCL, GIL (after 2020-2025), HTSC (after 2025-2030)Final decision-making needs a sound cost-benefit analysis
2011-06-21 25TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
REALISEGRID on technologiesREALISEGRID on technologiesD1.1.1: Synthetic description of performances and benefits of undergrounding transmission (E. Zaccone)
D1.1.2: Description of the “smart” (advance monitored) cable system and of its laboratory prototype (E. Zaccone, R. Gaspari, P. Maioli)
D1.2.1: Improving network controllability by Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) and by High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems (S. Rüberg, H. Ferreira, A. L’Abbate, U. Häger, G. Fulli, Y. Li, J. Schwippe)
D1.2.2: Improving network controllability by coordinated control of HVDC and FACTS device (U. Häger, J. Schwippe, K. Görner)
D1.3.3: Comparison of AC and DC technologies for long-distance interconnections (S. Rüberg, A. Purvins)
D1.4.2: Final WP1 report on cost/benefit analysis of innovative technologies and grid technologies roadmap report validated by the external partners (A. Vaféas, S. Galant, T. Pagano)
25TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID…
2011-06-21 26TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 26
S. Galant, T. Pagano, A. Vaféas, TechnofiA. L’Abbate, G. Migliavacca, RSE
H. Ferreira, G. Fulli, A. Purvins, H. Wilkening, EC-JRCR. Gaspari, E. Zaccone, PrysmianU. Häger, S. Rüberg, TU Dortmund
K. Jansen, M. van der Meijden, TenneTK. Reich, O. Wadosch, APG
X. Gallet, J.Y. Leost, G. de Saint-Martin, RTE-IP. Panciatici, RTE-DMA
C. Vergine, P. Antonelli, A. Sallati, TERNA
Special thanks to IRENE-40 consortium, in particular to Alstom Grid and Siemens representatives
ContributorsContributors
2011-06-21 27TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Thank you for the attentionThank you for the attention
[email protected]@rse-web.it
FP7 REALISEGRID projecthttp://realisegrid.rse-web.it/
2011-06-21 28TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
Back-up slides
2011-06-21 29TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID
2030
Vision By 2020 the electricity networks in Europe should
• Actively integrate efficient new generation and consumption models
• Coordinate planning and operations of the whole Electricity Network
• Study and propose new market rules to maximize European welfare
Uncertain demand
and generation
EU electricity
market designs
Legal and regulatory
frameworks
Increasing complexity of
grid operation & planning
New grid
architecture(s)
Key be
nefits
from
Techn
olog
ies
Integration
REAL‐TIME TECHNOLOGIES
RT2) Wide‐Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS) RT1) Real‐Time Thermal Monitoring (RTTR)
Critical
Challeng
es
P1) XLPE underground/submarine cables
PASSIVE TECHNOLOGIES
P2) Gas Insulated Lines
P4) High Temperature Superconducting cables
P5) Innovative towers for HVAC lines
P3) High Temperature Conductors
A1) Fault Current Limiters
ACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
A2) PST
A5‐12) FACTS
A3‐4) HVDC
By 2030
Same Vision as 2020 but at the levels set by the EU energy policy
at 2030
Not ope
rated
by TSO
s
Smart metering (impact of) Wind powered pumped hydro storage
Compressed Air Energy Storage
Flywheel Energy Storage Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
Sodium‐Sulfur (Na‐S) batteries
Techno
logies ope
rated by
TSO
s
Increased system reliability
Increased transmission capacity
Extended power flow controllability
System losses reduction
Reduced environmental
impact
Sustainable grid expansion (domestic and cross‐border)
Existing grid optimization
Flow batteries Super/Ultracapacitors Lithium‐Ion batteries
2011-06-21 30TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 30
The Three core components :PASSIVE TECHNOLOGIES (Chapter 7) ACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES (Chapter 8)REAL TIME TECHNOLOGIES (Chapter 9)
A A dialoguedialogue tooltool
Chapters 1-6:• Roadmap scope• Background and
Vision • Methodological
assumptions and Roadmap overview
Annex I18 technology cards
Annex IIRationale for technology
portfolio selection
Annex IIIStakeholders’ and
manufacturers’inputs
PASSIVE: XLPE GIL HTC HTS Innovative TowersACTIVE: FCL, PST, HVDC, FACTSREAL TIME: RTTR, WAMS
PASSIVE, ACTIVE, REAL TIMEIMPACTING TECHNOLOGIES
(Storage,…)
Chapters 10, 11 , 12• Combined use of technologies • « Exotic technologies »• Other Impacting technologies
Chapters 13-16 • Non technical barriers• Scenarios considerations • Linking with ENTSO-E • Conclusions
2011-06-21 31TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 31
The The samesame structure for structure for eacheach P.A.RT. P.A.RT. technologytechnology
● Section *.3:Conclusion● On the maturity/applicability● Discrepancies between TSOs and manufacturers
● Annex I:Detailed description of the considered technology● Definitions● Key technologies● Functions● Applications ● Implemented solutions
● Section *. 2:Key expected benefits and typical Investment Costs ranges● 5 types of Benefits● Qualitative analysis of benefits on a relative scale● Cost ranges: Information on costs remains scarce
Section *.1:Action agenda for technology integration in the system
● For each technology detailed challenges are listedOrganized per decadeOrganized per point of view: manufacturer or TSO
● Critical challenges and maturity are represented graphically
PASSIVE
TECHNOLOGIES
Chapter on GAS INSULATED LINES
Techno‐economic challenges
2010‐2020 2020‐2030 2030‐2040
Development of 2nd generation of GIL based on N2/SF6 gas mixtures with low SF6 contents (below today's value : 10%‐20%)
Explore solutions replacing SF6
Enhanced safety of installations (reducing the risk of SF6 gas leakages) Development of organic composite conductors with higher transit capacity (more than 100%)
Reduced corrosion for long distance underground applications
Reduced material costs of GILs by the optimisation of the design and materials for a given rating Reduction of manufacturing costs by simplification and reduction in the number of components Reduction of installation costs by designing components for simple assembly so that large numbers of joints maybe made onsite in a reasonable timescale
Simple laying and burial techniques to reduce civil engineering costs
Use of FACTS to support voltage stability issues of GILs Assessment of performance of GILs based on conditions of use (temperature, use of assets , etc) and of electrical characteristics (inductance, capacitance, resistance, impedance) compared to OHL and XLPE
Validation of thermal models of GILs based on collection of historical thermal and load data and variability of electrical parameters versus temperature
Validation of protocols of operations : analysis of correlations between use of assets and transmission capacity (thermal hysterisis in closed environment)
Development of long‐distance applications
Field tests of long‐distance applications based on N2/SF6 mixtures
Field tests in densely populated areas
GILs are used in a few locations in Europe Implementation of GIL based solutions as underground technologies to enter densely populated areas
Components and system
RD&D as seen by manufacturers
Costs
GILs
Full scale use within the EU27 interconnected transmission system
Performances
Models Validation
Applications
Field tests
012345
Increased system reliability
System losses reduction
Extended power flow controllability
Increased transmission capacity
Reduced environmental impact
Benefits from GILs integration replacing conventional solutions
Reference: Conventional HVAC network
P2: GILs
Sustainable Grid expansion
New grid architectures
HTS‐DC
Underground/submarine bulk transport
Aerial bulk transport
XLPE
GIL
HTS
HTC (new)
2010‐2020 2030‐20402020 ‐ 2030
InnovativeTowers
PassiveTechnologies
2030 Pan EU
grid vision
c1c2
c3
c7
x2 x3 x4 x6x5
x7
g1
g3
s2
s1 s3
t2t1
t3
Medium maturity
High maturity
Low maturity
New joint T&D system operations
x1
g2
c5c4
c6
Id Key technology XLPE integration challenges Type of challenge
x1 Environment and ageing models Modelling
x2 Insulation materials and cable architectures for improved performances (reduction of junctions)
Performances
x3 Advanced installation techniques for installation costs reduction (including design of accessories)
Installation, Costs
x4 Fast qualification techniques by TSOs and related standards Commissioning, costs, standards
x5 Integration of dynamic limits into system operation procedures and tools Performances, operation
x6 Automated underground cable installation and remote sensing system for O&M Installation, Costs
x7 Innovative cable materials (e.g. carbon nano‐tube) for improved performances Performances
A dialogue tool
2011-06-21 32TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 32
Action agenda for WAMSAction agenda for WAMSTechno‐economic
challenges 2010‐2020 2020‐2030 2030‐2040
Methodologies to estimate PMU data accuracy (standardisation) WACS/WAPS: Development of reliable turn‐key systems combining data monitoring, control and protection schemes
N/C
Improved accuracy and reliability of the Synchronized Data Acquisition processes (supercalibrator)
Optimal PMUs placement with respect to system operationImproved performances of Communication infrastructureOvercoming time lags inherent in long‐distance information transmission
WACS development: distributed control architectures based on intelligent device (smart sensors)
Scalable processing systems supporting the intense WAMS data computation requirements allowing full use of collected data
Development of standards for oscillation detection algorithms to exploit dynamic capabilities of PMU and models for interpretation
Understandable link for operators between operational conditions and inter‐area power oscillation damping thanks to correlations of synthetic measurements data such as generation patterns in Europe
Full scale demonstrations to be performed to value the real system benefits of WAMS (first results expected by 2015)
Full integration of PMUs information into SCADA systems including special protection schemes and automation
N/C
Development of standards on accuracy of data and deployment recommendations involving manufacturers and TSOs
Opening a transparent data exchange in an inter‐TSOs context
Integration and processing of accurate data at local level and tranmission of syntethic information at central level Integration test of non conventional sensors based on optical fibers
Full scale use within the EU27 interconnected transmission system
2010: a few EU contries have implemented country ‐wide WAMS: Italy; Austria; France, Sweden, Denmark, Hungary
All European TSO are using WAMS in order to monitor/control inter‐area power oscillations, ..
WACS /WAPS : use of WAMS data for control and protection issues
WAMS
RD&D as seen by manufacturers
Integration tests as seen by TSOs
Signal accuracy
Communication or architectures and processing
Algorithms