if clause type i, ii

7/28/2019 If Clause Type I, II

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Conditional Clause

Fathin Fitriana

Nurul Aulia Rachma

Putri Intan NurrahmaRatih Rahmawati

Wenggita Maulani Putri


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There are four types of conditional sentence.It is sometimes called the if clause

It is formed by two clauses. The former clauseexpresses the condition while the laterindicates the result of that conditions.

Conditionals are divided into four main types:

1. Zero Conditional

2. First Conditional

3. Second Conditional

4 Third Conditional


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The First Conditional

The first conditional (also called if clause type1) is a structure used to talk about thingswhich are possible in the present or futureand things which may happen.

A first conditional sentence consists twoclauses, an if clause and a main clause. We usethe present simple tense in the if clause, and

the conditional (will/be goingto/shall/can/may) + infinitive construction inthe main clause.


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e.g. 1. If you study hard, you will pass the test.

Explanation : Maybe you will past the test.

(Thats a possible sentence)

2. If it is sunny, we will go to the park.

Explanation : Maybe it will be sunny (Thats a

possible sentence)

Present

Future

Present

Future


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The comma usage

If the if clause comes first, a comma isusually used. If the if clause comes second,

theres no need for a comma:

e.g:If Clause Main Clause

If you study hard, You will pass the test

Main clause If clause

You will pass the test If you study hard


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Examples


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If he pass his driving test,he will buy a car.


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If the phone rings,

I will answer it.


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The second conditional

The second conditional (also called if clausetype 2) is a structure used for talking about

unreal situations in the present or in the

future. Like a first conditional, a second conditional

sentence consists of two clauses, an if

clause and a main clause.


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The forms in second conditional

If clause : If + subject + simple past verb

Main clause : Subject + would /could+ verb

If the if clause comes first, a comma (,) is usually used.If the if clauses comes second, there is no need for a

comma.

*Note : The simple past in the second conditional

usually use were instead of was even if thepronoun is I, he, she, or it.

e.g. 1. If I were, I would.

2. If he were.., he would..


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The second conditional is used to talk about thingswhich are unreal (not true or not possible) in the

present or the futurethings which dont or wonthappen.

The fact of the unreal sentence in the secondconditional usually use Simple Present Tense.

e.g.

If I were rich, I would buy a big house. (this is unreal)

The fact is:

I am not rich, so I wont buy a new house.


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Examples


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I would travel around the

world if I had enough money.

(Thats an unreal sentence)

The fact is:

I wont travel around the world because I donthave enough money.


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If dogs had wings, they could

fly high.

(That is an impossible sentence)

The fact is:

Dogs dont have wings, so they cant fly high


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Third Conditionals

The third conditional (also called if clause type3) is a structure used for talking about unreal

situations in the past.

The third conditional is also like a dream, butwith no possibility of the dream coming true.

It consists of two clauses, an if clause and

main clause


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The forms in third conditionals

If clause: if + subject + past perfet verb*

Main clause: subject + would/could/might have + pastparticiple verb

If the if clause comes first, a comma is usually used.If the if clause comes second, theres no need for a

comma.

*Note: The past perfect is formed with the auxiliary verbhad, and the past participle (verb 3) of the verb. So,

you may use had as both an auxiliary verb and a pastparticiple.

e.g. 1. If I had had..

2. If she had had..


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The third conditional is used to talk about thingswhich DID NOT HAPPEN in the past.

The fact of the third conditional usually usedSimple Past Tense

Example:If we had saved more money last year, we would

have taken a vacation to Hawaii.

The fact is:We didnt save more money last year so we

wouldnt take a vacation to Hawaii


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Example


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I would have passed the

exam if I had studied

harder.

The fact is:

I wouldnt pass the exam because I didnt study

harder.


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If it had snowed, we could

have gone skiing.

The fact is:It didnt snow, so we couldnt go skiing.


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EXERCISE 1Fill in the blank!

*) Type 1

1. If you (do) your homework now, you(free) off tomorrow.

2. You (find) life much easier if you

(smile) more often.

*)Type 23. It (be) nice if the rain (stop)!

4. I (sing) you a song if I (find) myguitar.

*)Type 3

5. If you had arrived earlier, you would have seen her

The fact is


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EXERCISE 2 Answer the questions! (with full sentence)

1. What would you buy if you won $10.000?

2. What would you do if you met Justin Bieber?

3. What would you do if you saw a ghost?4. Where would you go if you had time

machine?

5. What would you change if you could changeone thing about yourself?

if clause type i, ii

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