ifsi english for nursing

IFSI REIMS – SEMESTRE 1 VERSION 2 MAJ 30082019 1

IFSI – ENGLISH FOR NURSING

SEMESTER 1

❖ Content :

o Nursing

o Hospital wards

o The patient’s room

o Hospital jobs

o Anatomy/physiology

o Gastroenterology

o Diseases & Symptoms

o Hygiene & Infectious Diseases

Bibliography Oxford English for careers - Nursing (OUP) English for nursing (Pearson) Cambridge English for Nursing (CUP) English for health sciences (Thomson) Onestopenglish.com


1- NURSING

The Nursing Profession

Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

A nurse is a highly skilled health care professional who combines the art of caring with scientific knowledge and skills

developed through their education and career. Nursing can be a lifelong career which is recognized worldwide and

which will enable you to take advantage of an international nursing career. A nurse is involved in the education of

patients around health and disease processes, health promotion activities, clinical procedures and management of

nursing processes. Nursing enables you to work in a diverse range of settings including hospitals, community

settings, general practices, prisons, homes and residential settings. There is also a diverse range of areas of practice

which a nurse may choose to work in.

Questions:

1. When did you decide to become a nurse?

2. Why do you want to be a nurse?

3. What do you think will be the most rewarding parts of being a nurse?

4. What do you expect to be the most difficult aspects of being a nurse?

5. What type of nurse do you want to be?

6. What establishments do you want to work in?

7. Where do you want to work (city, region, country)?

8. What are the parts of your nursing studies you enjoy, and which do you find difficult?

Practical Exercise:

Involving the entire class, one student will ask another one or two of the above questions, and perhaps have a

short conversation, and that student in turn asks another until everyone in the class has spoken.


English in IFSI Read the text, answer the questions, and share with the class.

In 2009 a European Directive made medical English training a requirement for nursing and other para-medical

students. In France, this means primarily in being able to communicate with patients who cannot speak French,

whether it be native English speakers or those who use English as a second language. Nursing students are also

expected to understand and use written material.

1. Why is this important in some parts of France?

2. Who do you think will be the patients you speak English with?

3. In what other ways will English be useful?

LANGUAGE: Present simple / present continuous

Communication using the 5Ws Method Read the text and then make up your own 5W questions.

Communication is a vital part of a nurse’s work. To be

able to do so efficiently, whether for asking questions or

providing information, a simple method is used to

remember what to say: the 5Ws Method. The 5 Ws are

those words used to form the most frequent questions:

Who, What, Where, When, and Why. There are of

course other question words. But in most situations the

5Ws provide most of the information needed.

➢ Match the question words on the left to their

use on the right

What

When

Where

Why

Who

How

How much/many

Which

1. Asking about people

2. Asking for quantities/numbers

3. Asking about things /activities

4. Asking about times

5. Asking about places

6. To specify things/people from a

general group

7. Asking about manner/ specific

characteristics

8. Asking for reasons


Many different questions can be formed using each of the 5Ws. Write down 2-3 questions for each one:

1. WHO …. ?

2. WHAT …?

3. WHERE …?

4. WHEN …?

5. WHY …?

Another word, HOW, is often added to the 5Ws. Write, here below, a question beginning with HOW?


Communication – Introducing Oneself Write a quick introduction of yourself, using the 5 Ws, as though you were at a meeting:

(e.g. What you do /Why you want to be a nurse /What you like / don’t like about your job or your studies What you do in you free time.... etc)

Now, write a quick introduction of yourself, using the 5 Ws, as though speaking as a nurse to a patient:


LANGUAGE: Present simple / present continuous

➢ Read the interview with a practice nurse and choose the correct verb form.

Reena Chaudry: Practice nurse Age: 33 years old Home: Hyderabad, India I work/’m working as a practice nurse in a big doctor’s surgery. This is my first job since graduation. I like / ‘m liking the fact that every day is different. Practice nurses carry out / are carrying out a lot of routine procedures. They change/are changing dressing and treat/ are treating wounds, etc.... I am / ‘m being responsible for giving health checks and advising patients; I give/ ‘m giving them advice on healthy eating, for example and on health conditions such as asthma or diabetes. At the moment, with a colleague, we run/ are running a clinic for patient with diabetes. It’s very interesting and I learn /’m learning a lot about how to deal with this condition. Like most nurses, I don’t have/ ‘m not having a lot of free time, but I like/ ‘m liking going to the cinema when I can. I also play /’m playing the sitar in a classical music group

➢ Listening activity:

You’re going to hear an interview with Carlos da Silva. Listen and answer the questions Carlos da Silva : Agency nurse Age: 35 years old Home: Auckland , New Zealand What area of nursing does he specialise in? a) Renal care b) Paediatrics c) Emergency medicine

• Listen again and complete the sentences about Carlos He specializes in ... At the moment, he is working in... He’s looking after ... Every day, he ... This week, he ... In his job, he likes / he doesn’t like In the future, he hopes to ... In his free time, ....

Present simple We use the present simple to talk about routines and things that are permanent (or long-term situations) It is often used with frequency adverbs: never, seldom, rarely, sometimes, usually, always. and other words or phrases: every day, all the time, 3 times a week, in the summer ... She works on the children’s ward Auxiliaries don’t administer medication Nurses sometimes work at the weekend. Present continuous. We use the present continuous to talk about things that are temporary (or short-term situations) or that take place at the time of speaking It is often used with the following words or phrases: at the moment, currently, today I’m studying for my nursing diploma. We are treating a lot of patient with the flu at the moment


2- HOSPITAL WARDS

➢ Use the words in the box to complete the definitions of these hospital departments.

babies children elderly emergency cases exercises heart kidney nervous system operations skin disorders test results X-rays

1- Casualty is the place where they treat __________ 2- Surgery is where the surgeons carry out __________________ 3- Medical staff in the renal unit specialise in ___________diseases 4- The Dermatology department is where they deal with _____________ 5- Specialists in Geriatrics treat problems related to the _____________ 6- Pathology is where they analyse patient ___________________ 7- Midwives deliver ______________in the maternity unit 8- Paediatrics is where they treat ___________________ 9- The radiology department is where they take ________________________ 10- Disorders of the ____________________are treated in the Neurology department 11- In the physiotherapy department, patient learn special ________________ to help them recover 12- Patients with ___________disease visit Cardiology

LANGUAGE: Asking for directions

Asking for directions: How do I get to…………? Where can I find…………? Can you tell me where………… (is/are), please? Could you show me the way to…………, please? Giving directions: The Orthopaedics Department is at the end of this corridor, on the right. Go out through these doors, turn left, and it’s the third building on your right. You’ll find the Hepatology Department opposite the cafeteria, next to the Renal Unit. To get to the Men’s Surgical ward, go up these stairs to the third floor, then turn right. It’ll be on your right-hand side, the third door along. Prepositions: at / in / on At the beginning, at the end, at the entrance, at the top of the building, at reception… In the white building, in the annexe, in the courtyard… On your right, on your left, on the fourth floor, on this corridor…


Giving Directions

You are going to hear 8 people giving different directions to different hospitals. Listen and complete the instructions

1- Visitor: Excuse me. I'm looking for the canteen. Can you help me?

Nurse: Yes, of course. Go ____________________and it's in ____________ ____________you, ____________ the

__________of the corridor.

2- Visitor: Excuse me. Do you know where the Maternity Unit is?

Nurse: It's on the ___________ floor. Turn _________here, go straight on, and when you get to the information desk,

_________right. At the end _________the corridor, ________ _______ again and take elevator A. The Maternity Unit is the

first door on the left

3- Visitor: Hello. Do you know if there is a shop in the building? We want to buy some magazines

Nurse: sure. Just ________ __________ here and ________ down the corridor, there is a gift shop ________ __________

the pharmacy. You can buy magazines there, I think.

Vocabulary:

A Senior Nurse is explaining the layout of the hospital. Choose the correct prepositions in italics to complete the explanations

1- The Dermatology department is between / at the Neurology department at / and / in Geriatrics 2- Room 246 is at / in / on the eighth floor just on/ in front of / the left of the building 3- You can find the renal unit at /in / on the first floor, opposite / at Paediatrics 4- You wife is at / in / on the Maternity Unit at / in / on the end of the corridor 5- The Geriatrics Department is next to/ between the Dermatology department at /in / on the second floor 6- I think that Mrs Nguyen is sitting over there, between/ in front of the vending machine.

➢ Have a look at the map on the next page. Find the correct ward for the sentences below.

1. Treats problems that affect the musculoskeletal system.

2. Treats nervous system, brain and spinal cord disorders.

3. Problems of female urinary and reproductive organs.

4. Provide treatment for patients with kidney failure.

5. Radiography; mammography, and CT and MRI scanning.

6. Antenatal/postnatal care, maternal/foetal surveillance.

7. Kidney and bladder-based problems

8. Radiotherapy and treatment for cancerous disorders.

9. General ear, nose and throat diseases.

10. Restore Physical and mental functioning


Speaking Practice:

PAIRWORK: Using the map above, practice giving directions to your partner. One of you will be the nurse and the other a patient/visitor. Then swap roles. Use the Cardigan building main entrance as your starting point. For example; VISITOR: Excuse me, could you tell me where the general Office is? NURSE: Sure, Go straight on (towards the pink area). Turn left, just after the toilets opposite the Prittlewell Main entrance


3- THE PATIENT’S ROOM

Here is common vocabulary for equipment found in a patient’s room. Identify and label or draw a line to

each object or to where each object is expected to be found.

Window shades/ curtains

Sheet

Guard rails

Call button

Bed

Eating tray

VS Monitor

Pillow

Visitor’s couch or armchair

IV stands / IV poles

1. Draw the patient lift

2. What other things can you think of that are normally found in a patient’s room, but aren’t visible in the

picture?

1

2 3

5

8

6 4

7

9

10


LANGUAGE: Negative structures

➢ Practice

➢ Change the following affirmative sentences into negative sentences.

1. My mother works in the hospital as a nurse. 2. They are worried about his health. 3. I was studying for the exam. 4. It was an unforgettable experience. 5. We enjoyed the evening very much. 6. She recognized him instantly. 7. My dad wanted me to become a doctor. 8. They were waiting for our reply. 9. She refused to go with him. 10. I have finished working on the project.

Negative Verb Conjugation The most common negative structure in English is the conjugation of the verb in the negative. Verbs can be used in the negative by placing 'not' directly after the auxiliary verb in each conjugation. The combination of the auxiliary verb + not is often contracted in English. For example: do not = don't, will not = won't, has not = hasn't, etc. S + auxiliary verb + not + main verb + objects We aren't studying Russian this semester. Never 'Never' is used to express the idea that something is never done. Note that 'never' is used with positive form of the verb but results in a negative meaning. S + (auxiliary verb) + never + verb + objects She never takes time off work. No Words There are a number of no words such as nowhere, nothing, no one, which can be used in place of 'any' words. Note the difference in structure between the two. 'Any' words take the negative verb structure, 'no' words take positive structures. S + (auxiliary verb) + main verb + no word + objects I have nothing to say. Neither ... Nor Use the phrase 'neither ... nor' when expressing two negatives together. Note that the verb is inverted after the use of 'nor'. I have neither the time nor have I had the desire to do my work

http://www.perfectyourenglish.com/grammar/negatives.htm

http://esl.about.com/od/grammarintermediate/a/a_auxiliary.htm


4- HOSPITAL JOBS

VOCABULARY:

➢ Read the description of each job and match them to the jobs below

1- I’m responsible for keeping the patient rooms clean.

2- I give emergency treatment to accident victims and then transport them to hospital by ambulance.

3- I deal with patient details and check their hospital records.

4- I work alongside the anaesthetist in the anaesthetic room and the operating theatre.

5- I’m a senior doctor and I specialise in a certain area of medicine.

6- I’m responsible for making sure the most urgent cases are seen by the doctor as quickly as possible.

7- I have the skills to work in the scrubbed area handing surgical instruments to the surgeon.

8- I assist the medical staff by transporting patients from one department to another.

9- I’m in charge of running a ward, organising staff, ordering supplies and drugs, and liaising with medical

staff.

10- I carry out operations on patients. I usually specialise in a particular type of surgery.

11- I look after of patients in the immediate post anaesthetic/operation period.

charge nurse/ sister cleaner consultant

paramedic recovery nurse receptionist

anaesthetic nurse porter scrub nurse

surgeon triage nurse

image: Freepik.com


NURSING JOBS

➢ Read the following, verifying you understand all the vocabulary, and answer the questions.

In a large hospital, thousands of people work at dozens of different jobs, whether clinical or non-clinical. There

are many types of nursing jobs :

1. Medical-Surgical Nurse: The most common type of nursing. These nurses manage a patient load of five

to seven patients. They create treatment plans, administer medications, provide care, and document

everything.

2. Critical Care Nurse: A critical care nurse works typically in the intensive care unit (ICU) with patients

who have a life-threatening problem. Many nurses who want to stay in this field long term get certified

as CCRNs.

3. Post Anesthesia Care Nurse: In the post anesthesia care unit, these nurses help patients wake up

without complications and are responsible for airway management, life support, pain management,

draining catheters, and managing wounds.

4. NICU or PICU Nurses: The NICU stands for neonatal intensive care unit, and PICU stands for pediatric

intensive care unit for infants and children up to the age of 17.

5. Oncology Nurse: An oncology nurse works with cancer patients and their family. Some nurses specialize

in chemotherapy, breast oncology, radiation, GYN oncology, early detection and prevention, and

palliative care.

6. Triage Nurse: A triage nurse may be a general nurse taking a shift in Admissions and Emergencies (A&E,

also known as the Emergency Room – ER), or specialized in assigning and dispatching incoming patients

to the proper department.

Questions:

1. What types of nurses work in the ER?

2. What type of nurse might counsel new parents?

3. What nurse in a hospital might work in a post-operative room?

4. Which nurses might work in a field of early detection and prevention?

5. Is there any specialized type of nursing that you would be interested in?


LANGUAGE: Articles

➢ Underline the correct options

1. Skin / The skin around your mouth looks quite sore. 2. The tumour/ Tumour/ A tumour is about 4cm in

diameter. 3. Have you ever had a biopsy/ biopsy/ the biopsy before? 4. Let me have a look at the sore/ a sore/ sore on your leg. 5. Herceptin/ The herceptin/ A herceptin is a drug used to

treat breast cancer 6. I have moles/ the moles on my hand – look. 7. We’ll tell a surgeon/ the surgeon if the bleeding starts

again.

➢ Complete the paragraph with either a/an, the, or – (no article)

I woke up one night with _______1 terrible pains in my stomach. I went to

see _______2 doctor the next morning, and had ________3 x-ray the

same day. ________4 radiologist showed me ________5 x-ray. You could

clearly see ________6 big shape in _______7 colon, which he told me was _______8 large tumour. I was shocked to

hear I had _______9 cancer. I have to have _______10 surgery immediately. In _______11 seven hour operation, they

removed _______12 large section of bowel. I was told I would have to have ________13 chemotheraphy for 6 months. I

did have _______14 side effects from _______15 treatment, but it wasn’t too bad. I had _______16 scan a year after

being diagnosed, which was clear.

➢ Complete the sentences with the

correct article; a/an

nurse

wounds

visitor

emergency

paramedic

operating theatre

porter

assistant

a/an The indefinite articles are used when we are referring to an unspecified thing or quantity. We use them

when we don’t know (or don’t care) which thing we’re talking about. We use a before nouns or adjectives

which begin with a consonant, We use an before words which begin with a vowel sound.

He is a surgeon.

She is an anaesthetic nurse. General West Hospital has a good Paediatrics unit . the The definite article refers to a noun, either in the singular or plural. It can be used with uncountable nouns. The refers to a specific thing or quantity. It should be placed before the noun, or before the adjective which directly modifies the noun. The dermatology department is just down the corridor. The nurses are on their lunch break. No article Articles are generally used to refer to specific plural or singular nouns. Plural countable nouns and mass nouns (words which are used as general terms – e.g. animals, people, sadness) do not always require an article. I have pains in my chest.


LANGUAGE Future forms

➢ Complete the sentences with the words in the box below

1. The new hospital ________________ in 2010.

2. I don’t think you ________________ tonight if you have a nap now.

3. ______________ go out tonight? Er ….. no, I think I’ll stay at home.

4. You ________________ to go home a week after your operation.

5. I ________________ chicken curry with rice, please.

6. I’m working tonight, so I _________________ be tired tomorrow.

➢ Complete these sentences using be going to or the Present Continuous and the verb in brackets

1. I’m going to ask (ask) you a few questions and fill in this form.

2. Here’s your appointment – you __________________(see) the doctor at 11:45 tomorrow.

3. Your temperature is falling – you _________________ (feeling) much better tomorrow.

4. What time ___________________ (start) work tonight?

5. The consultant ___________________ (talk) to you later today.

6. I ____________________ (visit) some friends next weekend, so I’m out of town.

7. I ____________________ (ask) the doctor if you can have stronger painkillers.

8. _____________________ (you, have) your operation tomorrow morning or tomorrow afternoon?

➢ Speaking: Work in pairs. Ask each other about your future schedule and about things you have decided

to do in the future. Ask about tonight, next weekend, next summer, when you finish studying, etc.

Will

- We use will when there is no prior plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make the decision at the time of speaking.

- We often use will to make a prediction about the future. We will see what we can do to help you. It will rain tomorrow.

Going to

- We use the going to construction when we have the intention to do something before we speak. We have already made a decision before speaking.

- We often use going to to make a prediction about the future. Our prediction is based on evidence. We're not going to see my mother tomorrow. It's 8.30! You're going to miss the train!

Present continuous

- We often use the present continuous tense to talk about the future. Of course, we normally use the present continuous to talk about action happening in the present, but if we add a future expression, we can use it to talk about the future. i.e. tomorrow, next week, in June.

- We use the present continuous only when a plan exists before we speak. We're going to the cinema on Friday.

‘ll be able ‘ll have ‘ll probably ‘ll sleep Shall I will open


5- ANATOMY

Organs

➢ Match the labels to the organs below

…

Large intestine Brain Kidney/s & Bladder Stomach

Small intestine Pancreas Heart

Lung/s Liver & Gallbladder Oesophagus Ovaries & uterus


Body parts

➢ How many parts of the body and joints do you know? Label as many as you can.

➢ Put the words in the box into the appropriate columns in the table.

ANKLE CALF EAR ELBOW EYE FINGER FOOT FOREARM GALL BLADDER HAND HEART HIP JAW KIDNEYS KNEE KNUCKLE LIVER LUNGS NECK NOSE PANCREAS

SHIN SHOULDER SPLEEN STOMACH THIGH THUMB TOE TONGUE UPPER ARM WINDPIPE WRIST

Limbs/ members Joints organs


➢ What does each of these human body organs do? Use the verbs from the box to help. More than one

option may be possible.

The oesophagus carries food to the stomach.

The heart………………………blood around the body.

The intestines……………………………nutrients and water from old food.

The brain……………………………the body.

The liver………………………………the blood.

The kidneys…………………………the blood and ……………….……..urine.

The stomach……………………………food.

The pancreas……………………………insulin and ………………………. blood sugar.

LANGUAGE: Linking words

➢ Complete these sentences using for, to, so that, because, so and that’s why.

a) I have music therapy __________________ improve my memory. b) My mother doesn’t believe in modern medicine, ______________ she will not see a GP. c) Lie in the water ________________ you get the full benefit of the treatment. d) Garlic has antibacterial properties. __________________it’s good for the immune system. e) I take vitamin C every day ________________ it stops you getting colds. f) Use this herb ________________ burns. g) She believes in homeopathy _________________ healing and relaxation.

Absorb

Digest

Make

Filter

Control

Pump

Produce

Clean

Coordinate

Linking words for giving reasons

For + noun I see a reflexologist for my back pain. For + ing Birds use these plants for building nests To + infinitive We take aspirin to treat headaches … so that… Juices from the pancreas and bile from the gall bladder so that undigested fat can be dissolved …because… He has food poisoning because he ate contaminated food. …so… The pain is very bad, so I’m going to take a pain killer. That’s why… I eat only natural foods – that’s why I am so healthy


➢ Writing: Write a short paragraph using the linking words above to discuss the organs of the body and

their functions. e.g. The pancreas produces insulin to control the blood sugar levels.


Human body systems

➢ Label the following organ systems. Use the names from the box. Then name the major organs that

belong to each system. You can use the vocabulary in the box down the side of the page to help you.

Lymphatic system Reproductive system Urinary System

Digestive System Respiratory system


➢ Match the organ systems to their definitions

a) Immune system

b) Skeletal system

c) Excretory system

d) Muscle system

e) Endocrine system

f) Digestive system

g) Respiratory system

h) Nervous system

i) Circulatory system

j) Reproductive system

1) This system is made up of organs that break down food into protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fats, which the body needs for energy, growth, and repair. 2) A system that is made up of bones, ligaments and tendons. It shapes the body and protects organs. 3) This is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is your body's control system 4) This system brings air into the body and removes carbon dioxide. 5) It allows humans to produce children. 6) It is made up of a group of organs that transport blood throughout the body. 7) This system is made up of a group of glands that produce the body's long-distance messengers, or hormones. 8) This system is our body's defence against infections and diseases. 9) This is made up of tissues that work with the skeletal system to control movement of the body. 10) This system eliminates waste from the body

Below we have lists of some of the system processes, but they are in the incorrect order. Work with a

partner or in small groups to put them in the correct order.

➢ The Respiratory system

1. Oxygen is transferred out of the air and into the blood carried in the capillaries that surround the alveoli

2. At the end of these tubes are little sacs called alveoli. Here a gas exchange takes place. 3. . At the same time carbon dioxide is being transferred from the blood back into the alveoli. 4. We inhale air through nose. The air enters out nasal cavity where it is moistened, filtered, and warmed 5. Next the air travels down the trachea until it comes to the bronchi that branch off into the left and

right lungs. 6. Air continues down past the back of your though known as the pharynx and then past the epiglottis

which prevents food from entering. 7. The air containing carbon dioxide is breather out as your diaphragm flexes up causing you to exhale. 8. The tubes bringing the air into your body get smaller and smaller. These tubes are now call

bronchioles.


6- GASTROENTEROLOGY Read the text for comprehension. Gastroenterology is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders. General gastro-

enterologists perform a number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures including colonoscopy, endoscopy, endoscopic

retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasound and liver biopsy. Advanced gastroenterologists may

do transplant hepatology, advanced endoscopy, inflammatory bowel disease, motility or other interactions. Hepatology,

or hepatobiliary medicine, encompasses the study of the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree, while proctology encompasses

the fields of anus and rectum diseases. They are traditionally considered sub-specialties of gastroenterology.

Can you identify the structure or organ name with the correct number:

Large Intestine

Gall Bladder

Appendix

Mouth

Esophagus

Anus

Stomach

Liver

Rectum

Salivary Glands

Pancreas

Small Intestine


Here are some things nurses say they have found embarrassing to do. How would you feel about them? Grade them from 1 to 5 (1: not embarrassing and 5 extremely embarrassing)

1-Talk to Lal Bibi about her uncontrollable flatulence

2-Examine Jim Pear’s penis because of pain he has in it when defecating

3-Shave Hapreet Singh’s genitals to prepare him for an operation

4-Give Miss Weinberg a rectal examination

5-Talk to Charmaine Peterson about her encopresis (faecal soiling of underwear)

Work in pairs. Discuss the questions (Can you add any experiences of your own?) If you were the patients, would you grade the experiences the same way? Explain your grades and say whether the age, race, or gender affects them.


Euphemisms:

➢ Match the medical words and phrases a- l to the euphemisms 1-12 to

1-Navel a-loo 2-Bowel/intestines b-private parts 3-Faeces c-bug 4-Toilet d-pee 5-Genitals e-back passage 6-Urinate f-knock out 7-Anus g-waterworks 8-Parasite/virus h-stomach 9-Urinary system i-pass water 10-Make unconscious j-belly button 11-Defecate k-stools 12-Urine l-move your bowels

The body’s processes.

➢ Complete the table

Nouns Verbs

Absorption Contraction Conversion Detoxification Elimination Expansion Ingestion Secretion Stimulation Consumption

to absorb

➢ Complete the sentences with the correct form of words from the previous exercise.

1- The sight, smell and taste of food __________________glands to produce saliva; 2- A major role of the digestive process is the _________________of waste from the body. 3- Food is _______________________through the mouth. 4- The pancreas is involved in the ______________________ of enzymes that break down food molecules 5- Nutrition is when the body _____________________ food substances into energy. 6- The digestive system breaks down food and transports it for _________________ and defecation. 7 - The muscles in the oesophagus make wave-like _____________ which push the food along. 8- Too much _________________ of certain foods can overload the digestive system; 9- The stomach can ____________________ as it fills with undigested food. 10- Digested products travel to the liver, which _____________________the blood removing harmful substances.


➢ Order these steps in the process of digestion by numbering them 1-7

a- Salivary glands in the mouth produce enzymes b- Food in the stomach is attacked by digestive juices which include a powerful acid c- When the food is in the small intestine, juices from the pancreas and bile from the gall bladder dissolve undigested fat d- Food, in a liquid paste form enters the colon where water is removed. e- Faeces are expelled by a bowel movement. f- The first swallow starts the muscle action and pushes food through the esophagus. g- The food, now in a semi-solid state, slowly empties in the small intestine.

SPEAKING: In your own words, take turns to describe the digestive system to your partner.

7- DISEASES & SYMPTOMS

VOCABULARY What is the difference between disease, illness, sickness, and ailment?

Disease: Measles is a childhood disease Regular exercise can prevent heart disease Illness: He is recovering from a long illness He died unexpectedly after a short illness Sickness: She’s got sickness and diarrhoea She is pregnant and she has morning sickness at the moment Ailment: A pharmacist can assist you with common ailments such as a cold


Diseases

Match the diseases from the box with the definitions below

Anorexia Autism Down’s syndrome Paraplegia Parkinson’s disease Epilepsy Bulimia Phobia Depression disorder Alzheimer’s disease

1. A generative disease which causes loss of memory 2. A psychotic disorder marked by sadness, inactivity and loneliness 3. Mental conditions especially in children, difficulties in communicating and forming relationships with

others 4. A disease of the nervous system that causes violent body movements and sometimes loss of

consciousness 5. A chromosome disorder which affects the brain, characterize by below average mental ability slanting

eyes and small height 6. Total or partial paralysis caused by injury or disease of the spinal cord 7. The person loses the desire to eat, exercises excessively and so becomes underweight 8. Extreme or abnormal fear or dislike of something 9. The person overeats, and then forces himself to vomit, to prevent weight again 10. A disease of the brain characterized by tremors and muscle rigidity

Research project:

1-Choose a disease / a specific medical area where you would like to work. Describe the symptoms and treatment. 1- RARE DISEASES:

In the USA, a rare disease is defined as a disease that affects less than 200,000 people. However, there are some diseases that affect just a handful of people. Drug companies are very reluctant to spend money researching new drugs for rare diseases because sales would be so low they would never get the investment back again. Work in groups and research one of the following rare diseases: Jumping Frenchmen of Maine Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Jamaican Vomiting sickness Q fever Or another rare disease relevant to your field You will need to find information on: Cause / symptoms/ physical signs Typical patient (age, gender occupation, relevant social background) Investigations Treatment Prognosis


COMMON CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES

➢ Match these following French terms with the English terms noted below:

Maladie main-pied-bouche: _____ Scarlatine: _____ Croup: _____ Virus respiratoire syncytial: _____

Coqueluche: _____ Érythème infectieux aigu: _____ Impetigo: _____

1. RSV: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an infection of the airways. It usually isn’t serious, but if your child is under 2,

or has a heart or lung disease or a weak immune system, it can inflame the lungs and cause pneumonia. Symptoms:

Cold-like symptoms such as runny nose, nasal congestion and cough; Irritability and breathing problems in infants

2. Fifth Disease: Is common in kids ages 5 to 15. Symptoms: Low fever, Cold symptoms (like runny nose), Swollen joints,

a bright red rash appears, usually on the face, then spreads down the body. By the time the rash appears, the illness is

no longer contagious.

3. Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: This contagious viral illness usually isn’t serious. Children under age 5 are most likely

to catch it, through saliva, fluid from blisters and possibly viral shedding through stool. Symptoms: Fever, Sore throat,

Poor appetite, A few days later… Painful sores may develop in the back of the throat; Skin rash – typically on the palms

and soles, but can also occur on the trunk and diaper region; It usually clears up in 7 to 10 days without treatment.

4. Croup: Croup targets the windpipe and voice box. It is most often caused by viruses, and lasts for a week or less.

Symptoms: Usually starts with a sudden onset of barky cough and stridor, which gets worse at night; Runny nose;

Fever; using a cool mist humidifier or running a hot shower and sitting with child in the steamed-up bathroom for 10

minutes works very well.

5. Scarlet Fever: This bacterial infection is caused by group A strep. (It was once a deadly disease, but now it’s easily

treatable.) Symptoms: Sore throat; Scarlet-colored rash around the neck and face that may spread to the rest of the

body. If the strep test is positive, then it is important to treat it with a round of antibiotics to prevent rare but serious

complications.

6. Impetigo: This skin infection is most common in younger children. It starts when staph or strep bacteria gets in a cut,

scratch, or bite. Symptoms: Tiny blisters that burst. Fluid from the sores creates a crust that looks like a coat of honey.

Touching or scratching the sores, which can be itchy, spreads impetigo to other parts of the body and to other people.

An antibiotic ointment, and sometimes an oral antibiotic, can treat it.

7. Whooping Cough (Pertussis): Anyone can catch this bacterial infection of the lungs and breathing tubes, but infants

are the most likely to get seriously ill from it. Symptoms: Cold-like symptoms; The cough gets worse, and a “whooping”

sound may be heard as child gasps for air. Antibiotics can sometimes help by easing the symptoms, if treated early.


Describing symptoms

➢ Match the pictures A-N below to the symptoms 1-14

1. cough 8. Runny nose 2. dizzy 9. Skin rash 3. earache 10. Sore throat 4. fever 11. stomach-ache 5. headache 12. sweaty 6. itchy 13. Swollen glands 7. nauseous 14. Tired

Describing symptoms Asking about symptoms

Be + adjective Feel + adjective Have (+adjective) + noun

I’m tired She feels dizzy He has a sore throat?

Is he nauseous? Does it feel itchy? Does he have a sore throat?


➢ Match 1- 5 to a-e to make questions

1- Do you a- feel today? 2- How do you b- have a runny nose? 3- Do you have any c- your symptoms? 4- What are d- other symptoms? 5- Do you have a e- temperature?

➢ Speaking

What are the main reasons for visiting a GP in France? Why do you usually go and see the doctor? When was the last time you had a bad cold or the flu? What were your symptoms?

Student A:

You are ill and these are your symptoms

headache skin rash sweaty slight fever (38°)

Student B :

You are ill and these are your symptoms

very bad cough a bad sore throat dizzy runny nose


8- HYGIENE & INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Hygiene equipment

Match each of these items of hygiene equipment to a picture

bin ____ mop and bucket____

clinical waste disposal bag ____ alcohol hand gel___

soap dispenser___ detergent____

paper dispenser____ cloth____

sharps box____ disposable gloves____

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

Complete the sentences with the words below:

contamination disinfectant swab spotless resistant

susceptible antimicrobial agent pathogens

1- An _________________ will kill microorganisms 2- Use a sterile _________________to get a sample from the back of the throat 3- Our bodies have ways to kill _________________ such as viruses and bacteria 4- The old, the young and the very ill are most _________________ to hospital infection 5- Staphylococcus is _________________to most antibiotics. 6- There is a risk of _________________ from urine and blood. 7- Wash floors and door handles with _________________. 8- A home doesn’t have to be _________________, but it does have to be clean.


➢ Complete the sentences with need to, must, need (s) don’t have to , mustn’t, has to. Use the verbs

below

use cutting cut order complete

mop change emptying

1- You’ll ____________________________the floor. There has been a spillage. 2- You _____________________________gloves after contact with each patient. 3- The bins _________________________. They are full. 4- You _____________________________Mr Mills’s nails. I’ve just done them. 5- You _____________________________your mobile phone inside the building 6- The ward matron __________________ a hygiene report every month. 7- My hair __________________________. I can’t keep it all under my hat. 8- I ________________________________some more paper towels. They’ve nearly all

gone.

Writing:

Work in pairs. Following the hygiene inspection in your hospital, you were asked to make a notice

reminding nurses about good hygiene practice. Write a list of rules and instructions for the nurses.

LANGUAGE : MODAL VERBS Talking about obligations

Brainstorm. Read the examples and check the meaning of each modal verbs a- Sorry, I have to go. I’m on duty in 10 minutes b- You mustn’t forget to put gloves on c- We need to clean the floor more often d- You don’t have to wash the patient’s face. She can do it herself. e- 2 beds need changing f- All visitors must wash their hands

must: have to : mustn’t: don’t have to: need to : need + ing :

ifsi english for nursing

Documents