igarss 2011 > christian minet > 27.07.2011 slide 1 haiti earthquake (12.01.2010, m7.0) surface...
TRANSCRIPT
Slide 1IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Haiti Earthquake (12.01.2010, M7.0) surface shift estimation using TerraSAR-X dataChristian Minet(1), Michael Eineder(1), Nestor Yague-Martinez(2)
(1) German Aerospace Center (DLR), Remote Sensing Technology Institute
(2) Starlab Living Science, Barcelona, Spain
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 2
The Earthquake
January 12, 2010 at 21:53:10 UTC
18.443°N, 72.571°W, 13km depth
~25 km wsw of Port-au-Prince
left-lateral strike slip faulting and compression between the Caribbean and North American Plate
Septentrional fault system
Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault system
source: USGS
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 3
The effects of the earthquake
> 300,000 casualties
> 1.5 m homeless
> 5 bn € of economic loss
collapse of thousands of buildings
large-scale destruction of infrastructure
triggering of landslides
“change” of topography
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 4
Available Data
TerraSAR-X Stripmap data (~3m resolution, 30 km swath)
39.1° & 40.9° incident angle
Data acquisition thanks to DLR’s Center for satellite Based crisis Information (ZK) and the activation of the “International Charter Space and Major Disasters”
ascending path (22:54 UTC)
17.09.2008pre-
seismic18.02.2009co-
seismic14.01.2010post-
seismic25.01.2010
descending path (10:44 UTC)
n/an/a
04.11.2009co-
seismic31.01.2010
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 5
TerraSAR-X interferograms
Interferogram formation at remote Sensing Technology Institute, using DLR’s system GENESIS
compensation of topography using SRTM 3” Digital Elevation Model
multilooking of 20x20
59 m154 days
20 m330 days
94 m11 days
pre co post
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 6
Incoherent Cross-Correlation
Estimation of shift caused by parallax effects
satellite orbit state vectors (<5 cm accuracy)
SRTM 3” DEM
geometric shift estimation as a-priori information
128x128 px regular grid(270 m x 238 m)
=> signal shifts
displacement = signal shifts – geometric shifts
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 7
Applied Correctionsexamples for ascending co-seismic datatakes
Location accuracy of TerraSAR-X in the magnitude of a few centimeters
Corrections necessary for:
Solid Earth Tides – numbers from simulation
Zenith path delays – Permanent GPS Station
SET [m] at Port-au-Prince (North, East, Up)
18.02.2009 0.012818, 0.025078, 0.088032
14.01.2010 0.006799, 0.015156, -0.140888
Zenith path delays from SCUB
18.02.2009 2439.3 mm
14.01.2010 2534.0 mm
near Satiago de Cuba, > 300 km distance
=> ~22 cm
=> ~9.5 cm
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 8
Correlation results
pre-, co- and post seismic LOS deformation retrieved from incoherent cross correlation
colors and arrows indicate size and directions of LOS displacement
combination of estimated range and azimuth displacements
pre co post
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 9
3D inversion
y observed displacement vector
Cεε covariance matrix of the measurement error
K transformation matrix
estimated 3D-displacement vector
yCKKCKx
KxyTT
MAP111ˆ
x̂
pixel by pixel basis
leas squares solution
maximum likelihood estimator
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 10
3D Results
maximum uplift near Léogâne (~0.7 m)
Maximum shiftsup to 0.5 m
general direction at EPGF can be retrieved
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 11
Verification
concordant with the general tectonic regimeleft-lateral strike-slip
deformation matches Antony Sladens (Caltech) predictionderived from waveform inversion
uplift matches in-situ observations (Hayes et al, 2010)
uplift of microatolls near Léogane: 0.64 ± 0.11m, patch reef bleeching
change of coastline due to the uplift
ALOS & SPOT 5 data yield corresponding results
G. P. Hayes et al “Complex rupture during the 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake,” NATURE GEOSCIENCE, Vol. 3, Macmillan Publishers Limited, pp. 800-805, November 2010.
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 12
Outlook
include more than 2 cross-correlation inputs
include and combine different sources
unwrapped interferogramsof all available sensors
permanent GPS stations
implementation of full error propagation
refinement of path delay
verification of weather models using Corner reflectors
experiments on location accuracy continue, using corner reflectors
IGARSS 2011 > Christian Minet > 27.07.2011
Slide 13
Sendai
unfortunately no crossing orbits available
~3m LOS displacementcould be retrieved byincoh. cross-correlation
deformation map showing wide spread effects bycombination of several pairs=> FRINGE 2011