igc1_2_hsms_1_policy
DESCRIPTION
health n safetyTRANSCRIPT
NEBOSH International General Certificate
Resource Pack
Ian Harries CMIOSH
© 2013 Ian Harries. All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any storage retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers.
NEBOSH International General Certificatein Occupational Safety and Health
IGC1.2
Health and Safety Management Systems 1: Policy
Chapter 2
Unit contents
Learning outcomes The key elements of a health and safety
management system
Learning outcomes
Outline the key elements of a health and safety management system
Explain the purpose and importance of setting policy for health and safety
Describe the key features and appropriate content of an effective health and safety policy.
Key elements of a Key elements of a health and safety health and safety management systemmanagement system
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Auditing & Improvement
HSG 65
Key elements
All recognized occupational health and safety management systems follow the same basic and common elements:
A planning phaseA planning phase
A performance phaseA performance phase
A performance assessment phaseA performance assessment phase
A performance improvement phase
A performance improvement phase
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Auditing & Improvement
HSG 65
Setting policySetting policy
OrganizingOrganizing
Identification & assessment
Identification & assessment
ProceduresProcedures
CommunicationCommunication
Employee participation
Employee participation
Acceptance monitoring
Acceptance monitoring
Active monitoring
Active monitoring
Reactive monitoring
Reactive monitoring
ReviewReview
Continual improvement
Continual improvement
Planning phase Performance phase
Assessment phase
Improvement phase
Key elements
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Auditing & Improvement
HSG 65
Common basis for HSG 65, OHSAS 18001 and ILO-OSH 2001
PlanPlan
DoDo
CheckCheck
ActAct
Plan:
Establish standards for health and safety management based on risk assessment and legal requirements
Plan:
Establish standards for health and safety management based on risk assessment and legal requirements
Do:
Implement plans to achieve objectives and standards
Do:
Implement plans to achieve objectives and standards
Check:
Measure progress with plans and compliance with standards
Check:
Measure progress with plans and compliance with standards
Act
Review against objectives and standards and take appropriate action
Act
Review against objectives and standards and take appropriate action
Key elements
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
HSG 65 is published in the UK by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) as a guide to successful health and safety management.
The guide is more concerned with continual improvement than the attainment of minimum health and safety standards.
This framework is used by HSE Inspectors when auditing the health and safety management arrangements of employers.
Key elements
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
HSG 65
Policy:
Set a clear direction, aims and objectives for the organization to follow
REVIEWREVIEW
Organize:
Put in a structure and arrangements to deliver the policy effectively
Plan and Implement:
Establish, operate and maintain good systems to deliver the policy’s aims and objectives effectively
Measure:
Measure performance against agreed standards to reveal where improvement is needed also praise instances of good working practice, compliance with procedures, etc.
Audit:
Planned assessment of arrangements to ensure they are effective, suitable and meet any legal requirements as well as in-house standards
Review
Review of performance – actual vs. planned taking into account relevant experiences and applying lessons learnt
POLICYPOLICY
ORGANIZEORGANIZE
PLAN & IMPLEMENT
PLAN & IMPLEMENT
MEASURE PERFORMANCE
MEASURE PERFORMANCE
Key elements
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
OHSAS 18001 is an internationally recognized accredited standard for occupational health and safety management.
The standard is similar in structure to ILO-OSH 2001, with the main exception that it is only awarded to organizations following a successful audit by an awarding institution.
Key elements
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
ILO-OSH 2001
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
MANAGEMENT REVIEW
MANAGEMENT REVIEW
POLICYPOLICY
PLANNINGPLANNING
IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION
CHECKING & CORRECTIVE ACTION
CHECKING & CORRECTIVE ACTION
Key elements
Appropriate to the nature and scale of organizational risks
Commitment to the prevention of injury and continual improvement
Commitment to at least comply with legal requirements
Provides a framework for setting and reviewing occupational standards
Communicated Is reviewed periodically
Appropriate to the nature and scale of organizational risks
Commitment to the prevention of injury and continual improvement
Commitment to at least comply with legal requirements
Provides a framework for setting and reviewing occupational standards
Communicated Is reviewed periodically
On-going hazard identification, risk assessment and establishment of necessary control measures.
Results of risk assessments considered when determining risk control measures.
Results documented and kept up-to-date.
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for identifying and accessing legal and other OH&S requirements.
Establish, implement and maintain OH&S objectives which must be measureable.
On-going hazard identification, risk assessment and establishment of necessary control measures.
Results of risk assessments considered when determining risk control measures.
Results documented and kept up-to-date.
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for identifying and accessing legal and other OH&S requirements.
Establish, implement and maintain OH&S objectives which must be measureable.
Provide adequate resources Define roles, responsibilities
and accountabilities. Appoint a senior manager
with specific OH&S responsibilities.
Competent persons in place.
Effective internal communication structures.
Procedures for employee consultation.
Appropriate level of documentation.
Appropriate operational controls – purchasing, emergencies, etc.
Provide adequate resources Define roles, responsibilities
and accountabilities. Appoint a senior manager
with specific OH&S responsibilities.
Competent persons in place.
Effective internal communication structures.
Procedures for employee consultation.
Appropriate level of documentation.
Appropriate operational controls – purchasing, emergencies, etc.
Procedures to monitor and measure OH&S performance.
Procedures for evaluating legal etc. compliance.
Procedures to record, investigate and analyse accidents.
Procedures for dealing with actual or potential non-conformity including taking corrective action.
Records demonstrating compliance with the management system & 18001.
Internal audit programme.
Procedures to monitor and measure OH&S performance.
Procedures for evaluating legal etc. compliance.
Procedures to record, investigate and analyse accidents.
Procedures for dealing with actual or potential non-conformity including taking corrective action.
Records demonstrating compliance with the management system & 18001.
Internal audit programme.
Results of internal audits and evaluations of compliance
Results of consultation Communications from
external parties (including complaints)
OH&S performance How well objectives have
been met Status of investigations and
corrective actions Follow up from previous
reviews Recommendations for
improvement
Results of internal audits and evaluations of compliance
Results of consultation Communications from
external parties (including complaints)
OH&S performance How well objectives have
been met Status of investigations and
corrective actions Follow up from previous
reviews Recommendations for
improvement
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
ILO-OSH 2001
ILO-OSH 2001 is a guideline offering a recommended occupational health and safety management framework.
There are main common elements with the UK’s HSG 65 and OHSAS 18001; the framework is not legally binding on ILO member states and does not seek to replace national laws, regulations or standards.
To be successful the ILO recognizes that there must be a national policy on health and safety and occupational health and safety management systems in place.
Key elements
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
Auditing & Improvement
Key elements of all H&S management systems
ILO-OSH 2001
POLICY
Key elements
More emphasis on employee participation
Employees and safety representatives to have sufficient time and resources to allow effective participation.
Formation of a health and safety committee.
Occupational health and safety should be compatible or integrated with the organization’s other management systems
More emphasis on employee participation
Employees and safety representatives to have sufficient time and resources to allow effective participation.
Formation of a health and safety committee.
Occupational health and safety should be compatible or integrated with the organization’s other management systems
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
Setting of responsibilities, accountability, competence, training and communication.
Effective supervision to ensure protection of workers
Establishment of prevention and health promotion programmes.
Worker access to records, monitoring documents, etc.
Health and safety training available to all employees.
Setting of responsibilities, accountability, competence, training and communication.
Effective supervision to ensure protection of workers
Establishment of prevention and health promotion programmes.
Worker access to records, monitoring documents, etc.
Health and safety training available to all employees.
Development of a plan following an initial review of any existing health and safety system.
Plan to remedy any deficiencies.
Support compliance with national legislation and require continual improvement.
Contain measureable and realistic objectives.
Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Establish, implement and monitor procedures.
Development of a plan following an initial review of any existing health and safety system.
Plan to remedy any deficiencies.
Support compliance with national legislation and require continual improvement.
Contain measureable and realistic objectives.
Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Establish, implement and monitor procedures.
Emphasis on the health and welfare of workers.
Recommendations concerning investigation of work-related accidents, injuries, ill-health, disease and incidents.
Emphasis on the health and welfare of workers.
Recommendations concerning investigation of work-related accidents, injuries, ill-health, disease and incidents.
Arrangements introduced and maintained for any preventative and/or corrective actions in relation to performance monitoring, audits and management reviews.
Arrangements in place for continued improvement of the management system.
Arrangements introduced and maintained for any preventative and/or corrective actions in relation to performance monitoring, audits and management reviews.
Arrangements in place for continued improvement of the management system.
Performed by competent and trained personnel at agreed intervals.
Cover: Elements of the
management system.
Employee participation and consultation.
National legislation compliance.
Meeting objectives.
Performed by competent and trained personnel at agreed intervals.
Cover: Elements of the
management system.
Employee participation and consultation.
National legislation compliance.
Meeting objectives.
POLICYPOLICY
ORGANIZINGORGANIZING
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATIO
N
PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATIO
N
EVALUATIONEVALUATION
Key elements
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Auditing and Improvement
Auditing should establish how effective the following three components of the health and safety management are in reality:
1 Management organization and arrangements
2 Identification and implementation of risk control measures
3 Workplace precautions and control measures.
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Group discussion
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Key elements
Auditing and Improvement
To be effective improvement does not need to be expensive or complex but can benefit organization:
By decreasing the rate of injuries, ill health and damage
By a possible reduction in the resources required to maintain the system
By accepting high standards and improvement in the health and safety culture
With overall improvements in the management system itself.
Auditing & Improvement
ILO-OSH 2001
OHSAS 18001
HSG 65
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Group discussion
1 What are the main elements of an occupational health and safety management system?
Key elements
Key features and Key features and content of a health content of a health and safety policyand safety policy
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Key features and content
ILO-OSH 2001 identifies that the employer, in consultation with the workforce and their representatives, should set out in writing a health and safety policy:
Specific to the organization and appropriate to its size and activities
Concise, clearly written, dated and made effective by the signature of the most senior accountable person
Communicated and readily accessible to all persons at their place of work
Reviewed for continuing suitability Made available to relevant external interested parties.
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The ILO further recommends:
Protecting the safety and health of all members of the organization by preventing work-related injuries, ill health, disease and incidents
Complying with relevant occupational health and safety national laws and regulations, voluntary programmes, etc.
Ensuring that workers and their representatives are consulted and encouraged to participate actively in all areas of occupational health and safety management
Continual improvement in the performance.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The statement of intent should set out in clear and simple language the commitment of the organization to meeting its obligations for managing the health and safety risks arising from its normal operations.
This should include:
A commitment to the effective management of health and safety risks arising from the normal operations of the organization
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The aims and objectives should be set and agreed by the health and safety committee, following consultation with safety representatives
It should be signed by the most senior accountable person to signal senior management commitment to effectively managing health and safety.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
What the organization is aiming to achieve in relation managing health and safety
What the organization is aiming to achieve in relation managing health and safety
Who has general and specific roles & functions in relation to managing health and safety
Who has general and specific roles & functions in relation to managing health and safety
The measures in place to manage general and specific aspects of the organization’s health and safety
The measures in place to manage general and specific aspects of the organization’s health and safety
Key features and content
What Who How
ArrangementsArrangementsOrganizationOrganizationStatement of intent
Statement of intent
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The policy should include the following:
The name or job title of the senior accountable person in the organization who is responsible for health and safety
The name of the Health and Safety Adviser, any safety representatives and others who have specific roles and responsibilities for health and safety
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The commitment to employee consultation e.g. using a safety committee, recognition of safety representatives
Identify the relevant health and safety, welfare and environmental issues relating to the organization's activities
A commitment to risk assessment, emergency procedures, health surveillance and employment of competent persons
Duties towards non-employees, e.g. contractors, visitors, members of the public
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Reference to specific policies of the organization e.g. smoking, violence to staff etc.
Duties of employees
Specific performance targets for the immediate and long-term future
The aims and objectives should be set and agreed by the health and safety committee, following consultation with safety representatives.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Key features and content
Common health and safety performance targets:
A specific reduction in the number of accidents, incidents and cases of work-related illness
A reduction in the level of sickness absence A specific increase in the number of minor accidents and near
miss incidents A reduction in the number of civil claims No enforcement notices from the relevant ‘Enforcement
Agency’ A specific improvement in health and safety audit scores Achievement of a nationally recognised health and safety
management system (e.g. OHSAS 18001).
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Key features and content
The setting of health and safety performance standards is an important aspect of the statement of intent, because:
They indicate that there is management commitment to improve health and safety performance
They motivate the workforce with goals
They provide evidence during the monitoring, review and auditing of phases of a safety management system.
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The organization section of the policy should define the names and duties of the people within the organization who are responsible for the development and communication to the workplace of the health and safety policy.
Two key personnel to be identified are:
the most senior accountable person for managing occupational health and safety and
the Health & Safety Competent Person.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Managers (e.g. directors, departmental managers, supervisors etc.) with delegated health & safety responsibilities
Competent persons (e.g. occupational nurse, first aiders, fire marshals, in-house inspection/testing personnel, etc.)
Safety representatives.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
This section of the policy will outline the arrangements in place within the organization for meeting any specific hazards, legal requirements, etc.
This will include health and safety rules and procedures and the provision of facilities, such as a first aid room and wash rooms.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
For evaluating and managing risks arising from workplaces, hazardous substances, activities, fire, etc.
Health and safety inspection and audit procedures
Accident and illness reporting and investigation procedure, emergency procedures, first aid
Employee health and safety responsibilities
Control of hazardous substances, manual handling, noise, vibration, etc.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Electricity and electrical equipment (maintenance and testing)
Machinery safety (including safe systems of work), lifting and pressure equipment permits to work procedures
Procedures for contractors and visitors
Catering and food hygiene procedures
Terms of reference and constitution of the safety committee (where appropriate).
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Specific arrangements
Accident investigation and reporting Health and safety training and information Health and safety monitoring and audit Health surveillance Monitoring of plant and equipment and its maintenance Liaison with external agencies.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
The best control systems will deteriorate over time, or become obsolete as a result of change, new processes, etc.
Therefore it makes sense to periodically review the policy to ensure it remains effective, measure the aims and objectives and update the organizational and arrangement sections as necessary.
When and why should an organization review its health and safety policy?
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
Annually as part of a formal review cycle, and following:
A change in the health and safety responsible person and/or health and safety competent person
Changes in management affecting delegated responsibilities
Changes in workplace arrangements, facilities, or the introduction of new processes
Introduction of new legislation introducing new duties or responsibilities
A prosecution or issuing of an enforcement notice.
Key features and content
ReviewILOrecommendations
Group discussion
Organization ArrangementsStatement of intent
1 a What is the general content of the three sections of a health and safety policy?
b Why should the most senior person in an organization sign the health and safety policy?
2 What should be covered in the arrangements section of a health and safety policy?
3 Under what circumstances should a health and safety policy be reviewed?
Key features and content