ihst - media fact book

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International Helicopter Safety Team !

Media Fact Book 2014

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! !!The International Helicopter Safety Team !!

The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST) promotes safety and works to reduce accidents. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero accidents with a goal to reduce the international civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by 2016. !This effort is co-chaired by a government member, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, and by an industry member, Helicopter Association International. Other major industry participants include AgustaWestland, the American Helicopter Society International, Bell Helicopter, The Boeing Co., Bristow Group, CHC Helicopter, Eurocopter, the European Aviation Safety Agency, the Helicopter Association of Canada, Robinson Helicopter, Shell Aircraft, and Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation. !IHST members also establish international partnerships in countries with significant helicopter operations and work to encourage the overseas industries to carry out accident analysis and develop safety interventions. Worldwide partners now supporting the work of the IHST include government and industry participants from the United States, Canada, Brazil, Japan, Australia, India, Russia, and multiple countries in Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East. More information about the IHST, its reports, its safety tools, and presentations from its 2011 safety symposium can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and its Facebook page. !!!

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! !!HELICOPTER FACTS

Contact: Tony Molinaro [email protected] or (847) 294-7427

______________________________________________________________________________________________!IHST Analysis Finds that Private Flights and Instructional Flying

Produce the Highest Number of Helicopter Accidents !!!In order to carry out the mission of the International Helicopter Safety Team, the U.S. Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team (JHSAT) was tasked with analyzing National Transportation Safety Board accident reports and providing recommendations leading to improved safety and accident prevention. The U.S. JHSAT analyzed 523 accidents from three years of U.S. data (2000, 2001, and 2006) and completed a compendium report on the combined information. The baseline data shows that personal flying and instructional activities rise to near the top of both accident lists organized by industry type and activity. !!Percentage Share of Accidents by Industry Type Percentage Share of Accidents by Activity !

1. Personal/Private 18.5 percent 1. Instructional/Training 22.8 percent 2. Instructional/Training 17.6 percent 2. Positioning/RTB 13.2 percent 3. Aerial Application 10.3 percent 3. Personal/Private 12.4 percent 4. Emergency Medical Services 7.6 percent 4. Passenger/Cargo 9.8 percent 5. Commercial 7.5 percent 5. Aerial Application 9.0 percent 6. Law Enforcement 6.5 percent 6. External Load 7.6 percent 7. Air Tour/Sightseeing 5.9 percent 7. Aerial Observation 6.1 percent 8. Business 4.8 percent 8 Air Tour/Sightseeing 5.0 percent 9. Aerial Observation 4.2 percent 9. Ferry 4.0 percent 10.Offshore 4.2 percent 10. Maintenance/Test Flight 2.5 percent 11. Firefighting 3.6 percent 11. Law Enforcement 2.5 percent 12.Logging 2.7 percent 12. Animal Control/Hunting 1.7 percent 13.External Load 2.7 percent 13. Emergency Medical Serv. 1.1 percent 14.Utilities Patrol/Construction 2.1 percent 14. Electronic News Gathering 1.0 percent 15.Electronic News Gathering 1.7 percent 15. Utilities Patrol 1.0 percent

16. Search and Rescue 0.4 percent !!More information about the IHST, its reports, its safety tools, and its new safety training leaflets can be obtained at its web site: (www.IHST.org). !!

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! !!HELICOPTER FACTS !


____________________________________________________________________________________________!!The Top 10 Ways You Can Prevent Helicopter Accidents !!

The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST), a worldwide organization leading a multi-year effort to reduce the civil helicopter accident rate, has developed 10 key recommendations aimed at reducing accidents and injuries. These proposals can help owners, pilots, instructors, mechanics, and all members of the helicopter community. !

1. Install cockpit recording devices.

2. Improve Autorotation Training.

3. Add Advanced Maneuvers to Simulator Training.

4. Emphasize Critical Issues Awareness in Training.

5. Enhance Aircraft Performance & Limitations Training.

6. Strengthen Emergency Procedures Training.

7. Implement a Personal Risk Management Program.

8. Establish a Mission Specific Risk Management Program.

9. Follow and Confirm Compliance of ICA Procedures.

10.Implement a Strong Quality Assurance Maintenance Program. !EQUIPMENT !

Install cockpit recording devices. Develop and install flight data monitoring equipment to record the actions of the flight crew. Data can be used as local immediate feedback to trainers, operators and flight crews. The data also could aid in the event of accident investigation to support a more complete analysis and future safety recommendations. !

TRAINING !Improve Autorotation Training. Improve autorotation training in both primary and advanced flight training and develop simulator programs to improve autorotation skills. ! !!!Add Advanced Maneuvers to Simulator Training. Incorporate simulator programs into training program that would include dynamic rollover, emergency procedures training, ground resonance, quick stop maneuvers, targeting approach procedures and practice in pinnacle approaches, unimproved landing areas, and elevated platforms. !Emphasize Critical Issues Awareness in Training. Establish training programs that train and evaluate proficiency of critical issues such as systems failures, impending weather concerns, effects of density altitude, and wind and surface conditions that could be critical to safe flight. !Enhance Aircraft Performance & Limitations Training. Operators should provide robust training and continual evaluation of their pilots on aircraft performance. This training should include the effects of density altitude, gross weight and flight manual limitations. !Strengthen Emergency Procedures Training. Encourage the use of emergency procedures trainers with the emphasis on Loss of System, Recognition and Recovery training. !

SAFETY MANAGEMENT !Implement a Personal Risk Management Program. Encourage the implementation and use of a personal risk management program and also utilize the IMSAFE personal checklist. !Establish a Mission Specific Risk Management Program. A formal Safety Management System (SMS) requires training for specific missions, the establishment and enforcement of standard operating procedures, provisions and training of personnel to use risk assessment tools, and most importantly, changing the safety culture to ensure that all personnel put “Safety’ first. !

MAINTENANCE !Follow and Confirm Compliance of ICA Procedures. Ensure that maintainers and operators are aware of the importance of following the manufacturer’s maintenance manuals and practices. !Implement a Strong Quality Assurance Maintenance Program. Encourage operators and maintainers to implement a robust Quality Assurance program that ensures the use of manufacturers maintenance manuals, service bulletins, and procedures. ! More information about the IHST, its reports, its safety tools, and presentations from its 2011 safety symposium can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and its Facebook page. ! !

! !!HELICOPTER FACTS


_____________________________________________________________________________________________! !How Helicopter Pilots Die

!The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST) is focused on reducing all helicopter accidents and it envisions an international civil helicopter community that experiences zero accidents. To reach this goal, the IHST is focused on educating all operators and pilots about how civil helicopter accidents occur and how they can be prevented.

Any type of accident is unfortunate, but an accident that results in a fatality is especially tragic. Analyzing multiple years of accident data, IHST safety experts have determined what type of operational occurrence contributes the most to helicopter accident fatalities. The data shows that Loss of Control figures into one out of every five fatal accidents with Visibility issues (Visual Meteorological Conditions into Instrument Meteorological Conditions, darkness, fog, glare, etc.) not far behind. Taken together, Loss of Control and Visibility problems contribute to one-third of all fatal helicopter accidents. !Most Predominant Occurrences During Fatal Helicopter Accidents !

1. Loss of Control

2. Visibility issues

3. Fire (post-impact)

4. Wire Strike

5. System Component Failure !Other Frequent Occurrences During Fatal Helicopter Accidents

!• Autorotation (in practice & emergency)

• Controlled Flight Into Terrain

• Fuel issue

• Abrupt Maneuver

• Icing

!!With the right safety attitude, and taking the initiative to apply risk reduction to the known risk, more helicopter pilots will be able to enjoy helicopter flights and stay alive.

!Hazardous Attitude Safety Attitude

Anti-Authority - "Don't tell me what to do." Follow the safety rules. They are usually right.

Impulsive - "Do something--quickly." Not so fast. Think first.

Invulnerability - "It won't happen to me." It could happen to me.

Macho - "I can do this," Taking chances is foolish.

Resignation - "What's the use?" I’m not helpless. I can make a difference.

!The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST) promotes safety and works to reduce accidents. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero accidents with a goal to reduce the international civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by 2016. !More information about the IHST, its reports, its safety tools, and presentations from its 2011 safety symposium can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and its Facebook page. !

Worldwide Civil Helicopter Accident Trends !

From 1997 thru 2005, the average number of annual civil helicopter accidents worldwide was 570. In addition, this average was trending upward at an annual rate of 2.5 percent. !Since 2006, when the IHST cooperative effort was formed, the average number of annual civil helicopter accidents worldwide has been 515 and the average is trending downward at an annual rate of about 2 percent. !While we don’t have solid data on flying hour increases or decreases during the period since the IHST’s creation, the number of helicopters in the world is growing and the flying hours in many helicopter industries have been increasing. We are fairly confident that the accident rate is declining by least as much as the accident count is declining. (down 2 percent) !Nevertheless, the IHST feels that the global helicopter accident rate is still unacceptable because people are still dying in helicopters from entirely preventable accidents. !

Accident Chart !!

The following chart displays worldwide civil helicopter accident totals for an 18-year period, with the blue line reflecting the total annual number of accidents. !The red dashed line shows the expected total annual accidents if the pre-2006 trend had continued. !The yellow dashed line shows the new expected accident totals using 2006 through 2012 data. !!

Worldwide Civil Helicopter Accidents

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175

350

525

700

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Pre-IHST Accidents Post-IHST Accidents

Average of 570 accidents per year from 1997 thru 2005

Average of 515 accidents per year from 2006 thru 2012

Worldwide Civil Helicopter Accidents !Year # of Accidents Year # of Accidents 1995 426 2006 491 1996 547 2007 564 1997 488 2008 537 1998 541 2009 540 1999 566 2010 477 2000 598 2011 554 2001 554 2012 439 2002 643 2013 ----- 2003 607 2004 567 2005 566

U.S. Civil Helicopter Accidents !! Year Total Accidents Fatal Accidents 2007 171 24 2008 143 35 2009 152 20 2010 134 29 2011 129 19 2012 148 23 2013 147 31

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!HELICOPTER FACTS


_____________________________________________________________________________________________! !IHST Now Offers 21 Safety Bulletins Focused on Saving Lives

The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST), in cooperation with safety experts from throughout the civil helicopter industry, has developed a family of safety bulletins aimed at enhancing helicopter operations and reducing accidents. !Each safety bulletin provides a wealth of concise information that helicopter operators will be able to use for general reference and as a training tool and to support the prevention of helicopter accidents. They are accessible within the “Resources” section of the IHST web site (www.IHST.org). The group includes 13 safety bulletins developed by the IHST’s affiliate in the United States and eight safety leaflets released by its European affiliate. The topics are: !U.S. Safety Bulletins (Link to documents: http://www.ihst.org/Default.aspx?tabid=3089&language=en-US) !

• Surviving an Autorotation • Entry into Cloud or Fog • How Controlled Flight into Terrain Occurs • Density Altitude • Emergency Decision Making • Energy in Autorotations • Gaining Control over Loss-of-Control Accidents • Preventing Controlled Flight into Terrain • A Defensive Strategy for Helicopter Pilots • Visibility and Minimums • Training Safely • Recurrent Training • Autorotation Acronyms !

European Safety Leaflets • Single Pilot Decision Making • Risk Management in Training • Advantages of Simulator Training • Off Airfield Land Site Operations • Advanced Navigation Technology

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.ihst.org/Default.aspx?tabid=3089&language=en-US

• Safety Management Tools • Helicopter Airmanship • Safety Considerations

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! !!IHST Quick Facts !!

The International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST) has developed a series of informational documents called Quick Facts which focus on important helicopter safety topics. These one-page documents can be a quick resource for safety-related facts and data. !The current series of IHST Quick Facts offers information on the following subjects: !

• How Risky are Helicopter Operations Compared to Other Types of Aviation? • Which Helicopter Operations Pose the Highest and Lowest Risk for Accidents? • Do Private Helicopter Pilots Have the Most Accidents Because They Fly the Most Hours? • What are the Causes of Most Fatal Helicopter Accidents? • Do Most Helicopter Accidents Result in Fatalities? • Do Emergency Medical Helicopter Flights Have a Poor Safety Record? • Is Civil Helicopter Safety Getting Better or Worse? • What is Being Done to Enhance Helicopter Safety?

! More information about the IHST and its safety tools, fact sheets, and widely distributed safety bulletins can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and its Facebook page. !

http://www.IHST.org

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!!!HELICOPTER SAFETY QUICK FACTS !!

How Risky are Helicopter Operations Compared to Other Types of Aviation? !

Helicopter flying is among the safest within General Aviation operations. !Accident rates vary from continent to continent and from country to country. For a quick comparison, in the United States, scheduled air carriers have an accident rate of less than 0.2 accidents per 100,000 flight hours and commuter carriers have an accident rate of about 1.3 per 100,000 flight hours. (1) !Within General Aviation, commercial fixed wing aircraft total about 3 accidents for every 100,000 flight hours compared to less than 2 ½ accidents per 100,000 flight hours for commercial helicopters. (2) !Among private/personal fixed wing aircraft, the accident rate is about 6 ½, while the rate for private helicopters is a little over 5 accidents per 100,000 flight hours. (3) !The IHST promotes safety and works to reduce civil helicopter accidents worldwide. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. More information about the IHST, its reports, safety tools, and

presentations can be obtained at its web site at

www.IHST.org and on the IHST Facebook page. (1) NBAA preliminary data for 2012 (2) 22nd Nall Report – 2010 data (3) 22nd Nall Report – 2010 data !!!

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http://www.ihst.org

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Contact: Tony Molinaro Phone: 1-847-294-7427

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Which Helicopter Operations Pose the Highest and Lowest Risk for Accidents? !

The facts tend to surprise many people. !Civil helicopter industries with the fewest amount of accidents include electronic news gathering, utilities patrol, external load carrying, and search & rescue actions. !In addition, only one percent of all helicopter accidents occur during emergency medical service (EMS) activities. Helicopter EMS accidents tend to receive a higher share of news coverage because they are more likely to occur during challenging visibility and weather conditions and they are more likely to result in fatalities. !As for the operations with the highest likelihood of accidents? About 20 percent of all civil helicopter accidents involve personal/private flights and another 20 percent happen during instructional flying. Even the mundane tasks of re-positioning and returning to base cause 13 percent of helicopter accidents. (*) !The IHST promotes safety and works to reduce civil helicopter accidents worldwide. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero accidents with a goal to reduce the international civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by 2016. More information about the IHST, its reports, safety tools, and presentations can be obtained at its

web site at www.IHST.org and on the IHST Facebook

page. !!!

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http://www.ihst.org

* U.S. Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team

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Do Private Helicopter Pilots Have the Most Accidents

Because They Fly the Most Hours? !The troubling answer is no. !Looking at 10 years of helicopter data, we see that personal/private flying makes up about 4 percent of all civil helicopter flight hours. But instead of being involved in about 4 or 5 percent of helicopter accidents, personal/private flying results in more than 20 percent of all civil helicopter accidents. (*) !The gap between the expected share of accidents and the real share is noteworthy and concerning. What are the reasons for this gap? There are many: poor management of risk, poor judgment, training issues, hazardous attitudes by helicopter pilots. The good news? These can be fixed. !!The IHST promotes safety and works to reduce civil helicopter accidents worldwide. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero accidents with a goal to reduce the international

civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by

2016. More information about the IHST, its reports, safety tools, and presentations can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and on the IHST Facebook page. !!!

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http://www.ihst.org

! !Contact: Tony Molinaro (3)

Phone: 1-847-294-7427 * U.S. Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team

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What are the Causes of Most Fatal Helicopter Accidents? !

There are external reasons and there are internal reasons. !One out of every five fatal helicopter accidents stem from loss of control issues. Next on the list are visibility issues such as darkness, fog, glare, and unexpectedly traveling from visual meteorological conditions into instrument meteorological conditions. And the third-most cited source for fatal accidents is wire strikes. !So what could cause pilots to lose control, to probe into the dark night, to fly into poor weather, or to hit wires? Many times, the internal reason stems from attitude. Some pilots don’t want to listen to advice, act impulsively, feel that they are invulnerable, or just take too many operational risks until luck runs out on them. !!The IHST promotes safety and works to reduce civil helicopter accidents worldwide. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero

accidents with a goal to reduce the international

civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by 2016. More information about the IHST, its reports, safety tools, and presentations can be obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and on the IHST Facebook page. !!!

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http://www.ihst.org

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What is Being Done to Enhance Helicopter Safety? !

The question is being tackled in multiple ways. !• Corporate and industry leaders are

providing more helicopter safety education through IHST initiatives. !

• Helicopter industry associations are pushing for more advanced training for pilots and for improved technology in the cockpit. !

• Operators are voluntarily adding safety enhancing equipment such as cockpit image recorders and ADS-B. !

• Safety experts within the IHST are working to adjust the helicopter community’s safety attitudes toward managing risk and making decisions based on safety circumstances. !

The IHST promotes safety and works to reduce civil helicopter accidents worldwide. The organization was formed in 2005 to lead a government and industry cooperative effort to address factors that were affecting an unacceptable helicopter accident rate. The group’s vision is an international civil helicopter community with zero accidents with a goal to reduce the international civil helicopter accident rate by 80 percent by 2016. More information about the IHST, its reports, safety tools, and presentations can be

obtained at its web site at www.IHST.org and on

the IHST Facebook page. !!!

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http://www.ihst.org

Contact: Tony Molinaro (8) Phone: 1-847-294-7427

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