ii - edb.gov.hk · pdf file• why were there wrestling and chariot racing in the ancient...

II

2. Olympic Games (Tiered activities)

Examples of differentiatedlesson plans

38

Learning and Teaching Resource Packfor Secondary History Curriculum

JS History S1

Topic Olympic Games

Number of Lessons 2 lessons (40 minutes per lesson)

Learning objectives

Know • the venue, sports events and culture of ancient Olympic Games

Understand• the aims of ancient Olympic Games

• the connection between ancient and modern Olympic Games

Do • find out the differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games

Tools for differentiation / Instructional strategies

Tools fordifferentiation

• Form A and B (Appendix 1)

• Equalizer (Appendix 2)

Instructional strategies

• Tiered Questions The questions will be asked about the students’ daily life. Then questions will be projected to students’ experience in their own country and to international level Olympic Games.

• Exit Card It is an assessment tool for monitoring students’ learning progress. *You may view chapter 2 in the animated video for reference.

Learning and Teaching Materials

Video clips

• Olympic flame lighting ceremony in Athens in 2008 (3:51) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDcO0MbjAyQ

• Beijing 2008 Olympic Highlights (5:31) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQqmelsJlhs

Pre-assessment Worksheet (Appendix 3)

Classwork

• Historical and interesting facts / worksheets (Appendix 4)

• Table of comparison between Ancient and Modern Olympic Games (Appendix 5)

• Exit Card (Appendix 6)

Home assignment /Extended learning

activities• Worksheet (Appendix 7)

Students’ work

• Pre-assessment task (Appendix 8)

• Exit Card

• Puzzle game : Olympic rings

Example 2

39

Part II : B. ContentsJunior secondary (S1-3)

2. Olympic Games(Tiered activities)

Time Steps in the lesson

Learning andteaching activities

Elements / strategies ofDifferentiated Instruction

Beforelesson Pre-assessment

• Conduct a survey to find out students’ learning interests and understand their knowledge of the teaching topic.

• Distribute a worksheet with questions about school Sports Day and ask students to relate the topic to modern Olympic Games.

• Adjust the focus of the teaching topic according to pre-assessment result.

Use the results of Form A and Form B to set the topic that interests students most.(Appendix 1)

Equalizer (Appendix 2)

Pre-assessment Task:Worksheet (Appendix 3)

Students are required to answer questions about their experience / impressionof school Sports Day and indicate their areas of interest about ancient and modern Olympic Games. (From foundational to transformational)

Lesson 1

10mins Review

• Review what students learned last lesson.

• City-states: independent government with own army

• Different city-states had different characteristics (e.g. Athens and Sparta).

• There were many ancient Greek gods and goddesses in ancient Greece.

• There are ancient Olympic Games and modern Olympic Games.

• Select two students to share their pre-assessment result.

Teaching pace will be adjusted timely according to the response fromstudents.Refer to Historical and interesting facts/worksheet and Table of comparison between Ancient and Modern Olympic Games (Appendix 4 and 5)

Teaching Flow

40




Elements / strategies of Differentiated

Instruction

20 mins

Introductionof the aims,

players, sports events,

culture(opening

ceremony)

• Teacher asks students, ‘What is Olympic Games nowadays?’ (sports games, competition).

• Share the results of the pre-assessment and introduce the sports items found by students.

• Introduce the ancient Olympic Games and emphasise the importance of religious value in ancient Olympic Games (e.g. even Spartans stopped war/there was truce during ancient Olympic Games).

• Introduce ancient Olympic Games with religious rituals in ancient Greece.

• Who could join the ancient Olympic Games? (Only male)

Group Activity 1 : Miming Game• Invite students to demonstrate the action of the

sports items in ancient Olympic Games. Other students try to guess the name of the items in ancient Olympic Games.

• What types of sports games were played in ancient Olympic Games? (Long jump, distance running, boxing, wrestling, chariot racing, throwing spears/javelins, throwing discus.)

Tiered questions:1. from factual recall to comparison2. from ancient to modern3. from basic knowledge to further readingsRefer to Historical andinteresting facts worksheet (Appendix 4)

The miming game caters for learner diversity as some students learn better by adopting kinesthetic approach while some others prefer group activities.

5mins

Feedback time

• Introduce all sports events in ancient Olympic Games. Teacher explains some events related to the situation in ancient Greece.

• Why were there wrestling and chariot racing in the ancient Olympic Games? (The sports events are related to wars.)

Lesson 2

10mins

Teaching andstudents’

responses

• Introduce the athletes who were naked when they played the games in ancient Olympic Games.

• Why did the players not to wear anything when they played the games? / Why were they naked? (Greek culture: human body is beautiful. The Greeks liked to show their bodies to others.)

• In our school Sports Day, what prizes would be given to the winners? (Gold, silver and bronze medals)

• What prize did the athlete win in the ancient Olympics Games? (A crown of olive leaves) Why? (religious event)

Refer to Historical andinteresting facts /worksheet(Appendix 4)

(From concrete to abstract)

10 mins

Questioningand students’

responses

• May provoke the bright students to have further thinking by asking them about the Olympic Games between the two World Wars and in 1936.

Tiered questions are asked to provoke students to think further and let them understand the importance of religion in Greek civilisation.

Teaching Flow

41





Elements / strategies of Differentiated

Instruction

15mins

Questioningand

students’response

• Historical facts about ancient Olympic Games

• Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to cheating (Theodosius I)

• Theodosius II ordered to destroy all Greek temples in 426 B.C.

• Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1890.

• In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens.

• Differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games

• Aims are different. (Ancient Olympic Games was to honour God Zeus. Modern Olympic Games is to promote international sportsmanship)

• Venue is different. (Ancient Olympic Games: Olympia. Modern Olympic Games: different host cities)

• Opening ceremony, Torch Relay, Closing ceremony

Historical and interestingfacts / Further readings sheet (Appendix 4)

Students who are interested and want to know more about this topic may move on to the last part of this worksheet for further readings on Olympic Games and the World Wars.

10mins

Activity for consolidation

• Find out the differences between ancient and modern Olympic Games.

Group Activity 2: Olympic Games Puzzle• Students are divided into a group of 4.

• Teacher distributes a set of cards to each group. The cards consist of description of ancient or modern Olympic Games.

• Students take turns to read the card. They find the answer which matches the questions shown on the game board. Then they put the correct answer cards on the given questions. After the completion of the task, the whole group should put up their hands to indicate their completion of work. The fastest group will be the winner of the game. Students who obtain all correct answers will find a picture of Olympic rings.

Follow-up Task:• After the activity, teacher asks students to

complete the Exit Card.

Take-home assignment• Introduce and distribute the home assignment

(Consolidation exercise).

Exit Card (Appendix 6)

Puzzle game for consolidation through group work.

Teacher collects Exit cardsfrom students to understand their learning progress and identify their learning difficulties to inform planning of next lesson.

Home assignment/Extended learningactivities: Worksheet(Appendix 7)

Home assignment withextended learning activitiesfor students who haveinterest or who are ready to explore more on this topic.(From structured to open)Students’ work (Appendix 8)

Teaching Flow

42


40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0Q1 Q9 Q5 Q13 Q2 Q10 Q6 Q14 Q3 Q11 Q7 Q15 Q4 Q12 Q8 Q16 Q17

Data collected from Form A

Data collected from Form B

Reading levelR(1-3)

Writing LevelW(1-3)

Group (G) /Solo (S) Interests

Visual(V)Auditory(A)

Kinesthetic(K)

R1 : 0%R2 : 50%R3 : 50%

W1 : 0%W2 : 56%W3 : 44%

G : 67%S : 28%S&G : 5%

Reading : 11%Drama : 11%Public speaking : 6%Speaking : 6%Mathematics : 11%Computer : 28%Others : 27%

V/A : 39%V/A/K : 61%

Critical thinking skillsC1(1-3)

Collaboration SkillsC2(1-3)

CreativityC3(1-3)

C1-1 : 0%C1-2 : 56%C1-3 : 44%

C2-1 : 0%C2-2 : 29%C2-3 : 71%

C3-1 : 0%C3-2 : 53%C3-3 : 47%

Appendix 1

Number ofStudents: 36

Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, Leading and Managing a Differentiated Classroom, ASCD, 2011. pp.156-157

43



FoundationalWrite a diary about your

experience in schoolSports Day.

TransformationalWrite a journal on a day you

joined the ancientOlympic Games.

StructuredThink of a sports event thatancient Greeks could join,

but not the modern athletesor vice versa.

OpenCreate and describe ONE

sports event withelements of new andold Olympic Games.

ConcreteExplain why the

Spartan boy wasabandoned by his mother.

AbstractWhat is the importance ofSports Day to students?

Appendix 2

Equalizer: A tool for differentiating process and productTopic: Olympic Games (S1)

Adapted from Carol Ann Tomlinson, How to differentiate instruction in mixed-ability classrooms,Pearson Education, 2005. pp.47

44


Appendix 3

Pre-assessment TaskAnswer the following questions.

1. Did you participate in any sports events on the School Sports Days?

YES / NO (Circle the answer)

2. What types of sports events did you / your classmates participate in the School Sports Days? (You may write or draw 3 events as answers.)

3. What did you learn from the Sports Day? How did you feel after participating in the Sports Days? Were there any special sports event which impressed you a lot? (e.g. I was impressed by the class relay and cheering competition.)

45



Appendix 3

4. We are going to learn ancient and modern Olympic Games. Is there anything you would like to learn more? (Circle not more than 3 items)

aims / culture / opening ceremony / closing ceremony / torch relay /

legends of ancient Olympic Games / sports events / Athlete /

Others (please specify):

5. The followings are the icons for events in modern Olympic Games shown in website on Beijing 2008.

Circle the ones which you guess can be found in ancient Olympic Games.

46


1. There were city-states in Greece. Greece located at of Europe.

It consisted of and . This made communication .

City-states gradually formed with their own government system and independent .

8. How to worship ancient Greek gods?

Holding , building .

9. Only could join ancient Olympic Games. Ancient Greeks believed

were very beautiful so they were naked in ancient Olympic Games.

10. 7 types of sports events in ancient Olympic Games

These 7 types of events were related to .

11. Ancient Olympic Games: started in B.C.

12.Modern Olympic Games: A.D. to present

2. : chief god 3. Hermes : god

4. : sun god, music god 5. : sea god

6. : Goddess of Wisdom 7. : Goddess of the moon

1. 5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

4.

Appendix 4

Olympic Games

150 southern-east

peninsula

Zeus

religious ceremonies temples

males

human bodies

Running Throwing spears

Long Jump Throwing discus

Boxing Chariot racing

Wrestling

Apollo Poseidon

SeleneAthena

messenger

islands difficult

amy

war

776

1896

47



Historical facts of ancient and modern Olympic Games

13. Suspension of ancient Olympic Games due to (Theodosius I). Theodosius II ordered to destroy all Greek temples in 426 B.C. (No more Olympic Games).

14. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in .

15. In 1894, the first modern Olympic Games was held in .

Interesting facts about modern Olympic Games

16. By 2016, the Olympic Games have been hosted by cities in 23 countries.

17. USA has hosted eight Olympic Games (4 Summer Olympic Games and 4 Winter Olympic Games).

18. Olympic Games have been held in Asia for 3 times.

1964 Tokyo, Japan

1988

2008

19. 2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro will be the first Olympics hosted by a American country.

20. No Games have been held by countries.

Appendix 4

Further Readings on Olympic Games and the world wars

If you are interested in the above topic, please browse the following websites.

· http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1916_Summer_Olympics

· http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005680

cheating

1890

Athens

15

south

African

Seoul, South Korea

Beijing, China

48


Ancient Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games

Study the picture and use your own knowledge, draw an athlete getting a prize in a modern Olympic Game in the space provided and complete the following table.

A comparison between Ancient Olympic Games and Modern Olympic Games

Ancient Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games

1. Aims·Honour God

·A religious ceremony

·Promote international

and

2. How often Every years Every years

3. Venue Different

4. What do the winners get

as awards?A crown of

5. Who can join the Games?

6. Should the athletes wear

uniform?Yes / / No

Appendix 5

Olympic Games

Zeus

Olympia host cities

olive leaves

Only male

No Yes

gold, silver, bronze medals

Both males and females

friendship

sportsmanship

4 4

49



1. Write down 3 sports events in ancient Olympic Games.

2. Write down 2 different host cities which held modern Olympic Games.

3. Write down 1 thing that you have learnt and most impressed you in this lesson.

Appendix 6

Olympic Games(EXIT CARD)

Exit CardExit CardExit CardExit Card

(1)

(2)

(3)

50


Answer two questions.

1. Please think of a sports event that

(a) ancient Greeks could join, but not the modern athletes or

(b) modern athletes could join, but not the ancient Greeks

If I were a (boy/girl) (circle the suitable one), I could join . (name a sports event)

2. Write a diary about your experience in School Sports Day.

Extended Learning Activities Complete one of the following tasks.

(a) Create and describe ONE sports event with elements of modern and ancient Olympic Games.

(b) Write a journal on a day you joined the ancient Olympic Games (Write at least 50 words).

Appendix 7

Olympic GamesHome assignment

51



1. Extended learning activities (b)

2. Exit Card 3. Group work : Puzzle game on Olympic Rings

Appendix 8Students’ work

ii - edb.gov.hk · pdf file• why were there wrestling and chariot racing in the ancient...

Documents