ii. just surviving… 1778-1780. a. winter @ valley forge, pa 77-78 (washington’s men)
TRANSCRIPT
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II. Just Surviving… 1778-1780
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A. Winter @ Valley Forge, PA 77-78 (Washington’s men)
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1. No summer clothing.
2. No decent shoes. 3. Hunger, Frostbite, Dysentery.
4. Harsh training.
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a. Baron von Steuben: Prussia/Germany
Valley Forge, Winter 1777-78
Drilled the militia men in the European ways of war.
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b. Thaddeus Kosciusko & Casimir Pulaski: Poland
Valley Forge, Winter 1777-78
Showed militia how to build better forts and how to ride like Euro Cavalry.
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c. Marquis de Lafayette: France
Valley Forge, Winter 1777-78
Brought some French troops along, and said “The French Navy will be here soon!”
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B. One Sea Battle: 1779
1. USS Bonhomme Richard: John Paul Jones (USA)
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2. HMS Serapis: (Brit)
The Richard vs. The Serapis, 1779
3. Several holes shot in side of the Richard.
4. Brits ask Jones to surrender.
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5. Jones-- “I have not yet begun to fight.”
The Richard vs. The Serapis, 1779
6. Jones’ men boarded the Serapis--hand to hand combat…and won.
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C. Fort Vincennes: Illinois Winter 1778
1. George Rogers Clark: after taking Cahokia, he surrounded the fort with a few men.
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3. British give up the fort. They thought they were outnumbered.
Fort Vincennes, 1778
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D. War in the South1. Francis Marion
a. Charles Town, SCb. F & I War veteranc. Guerilla Ward. The “Swamp Fox”
Benjamin Martin
Charles Town
F & I War veteran
Guerilla War
The “Ghost”
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2. Guilford Courthouse, NC
War in the South
a. General Nathanial Green (USA) vs. Cornwallis
1780
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b. Only fought Brits where he could win…along creeks where his men could get into little boats.
War in the South
a. Cornwallis’ men worn out, retreated to Yorktown, VA.
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III. We Win!
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A. Yorktown, VA 1781
1. Cornwallis asks Gen. Clinton to send his army & help.
2. It doesn’t make it in time.
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a. Washington: sneaks south and traps Cornwallis on a peninsula.
Yorktown, 1781
b. Admiral DeGrasse (French) blockades any sea escape.
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c. 8-month seige. Yorktown, 1781
d. Cornwallis surrenders 8,000 men--Oct 19, 1781.
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B. Treaty of Paris 1783
1. Ben Franklin, John Adams, John Jay from USA.
2. USA is an independent nation!
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3. From Atlantic to Mississippi, Can to FLA.
Treaty of Paris, 1783
4. USA 26,000 dead.
5. Brits 10,000 dead.