ili - eric · 84. table 10: frequency distribution and chi squire analysis for california...
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Figure 44:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Arithmetic Reasoning
84
Table 10: Frequency Distribution and Chi squire Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test Arithmetic Fundamentals
DecilesVoc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HeEcoomn.
RowTotals
10 22 89 12 4 8 135
9 15 37 8 7 3 70
8 16 34 11 2 1 64
7 24 44 7 7 4 86
6 20 30 7 6 7 70
5 15 22 4 5 9 55
4 53 66 25 23 17 184
3 26 20 5 12 7 70
2 48 27 6 12 12 105
1 12 6 0 9 3 30
ColumnTotals (N)
251 375 85 87 71 869
DF = 36 Chi-square = 113.08 Probability = 0.001a
aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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10
Figure 45:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Arithmetic Fundamentals
CO
86
Table 11: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test Total Arithmetic
DecilesVoc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
powTotals
10 15 63 9 2 4 93
9 3 12 7 0 3 25
8 1 7 4 0 1 13
7 16 31 11 4 3 65
6 14 16 4 1 2 37
5 10 11 7 3 2 33
4 15 26 11 11 5 68
3 11 17 2 3 5 38
2 14 2 2 3 29
1 3 2 1 2 2 10
ColumnTotals (N)
102 193 58 28 30 411
DF= 36 Chi-square = 68.98 Probability = 0.001a
aProbability of exceeding the Chi-square value by chance.
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Figure 46:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by T)eciles on the CAT--Total Arithmetic
Table 12: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Mechanics of English
DecilesVoc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
homeEcon.
RowTotals
10 48 189 39 17 20 313
9 18 38 8 15 6 85
8 25 46 9 12 9 101
7 31 35 12 14 14 106
6 35 28 5 7 4 79
5 27 12 5 6 1 51
4 24 11 4 7 8 54
3 27 9 2 6 6 50
2 7 4 0 3 3 17
1 8 3 1 0 0 12
ColumnTotals (N)
250 375 85 87 71 868
DF = 36 Chi-square = 145.53 Probability = 0.001a
aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
52
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Figure 47:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT -- Mechanics of English
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Table 13: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Spelling
DecilesVoc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Pus.
HeEcoomn.
RowTotals
10 18 79 16 9 14 136
9 31 89 21 16 13 170
8 16 28 13 4 3 64
7 27 48 13 12 6 106
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 34 40 7 14 10 105
4 35 38 9 10 6 98
3 40 27 4 14 9 94
2 35 21 2 5 6 69
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ColumnTotals (11)
251 375 85 87 71 869
DF = 36 Chi-square = 98.89 Probability = 0.0013
aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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Figure 48:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CATSpelling
Table 14: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Total Language
DecilesVoc.Tech.
Acad. Sec. Bus.HoEcmeon.
RowTotals
10 9 78 21 6 9 123
9 7 24 14 2 6 53
8 10 23 5 2 3 43
7 13 21 J 4 1 44
6 9 10 4 3 0 26
5 11 7 1 3 2 24
4 21 13 6 5 1 46
3 12 8 2 2 2 26
2 7 7 0 1 6 21
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ColumnTotals (N)
102 193 58 28 30 411
DF = 36 Chi-square = 93.35 Probabili, = 0.001a
aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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Figure 49:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Total Langtiege
10
94
Table 15: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forCalifornia Achievement Test - Total
DecilesVoc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
Home
Econ.Row
Totals
10 45 126 25 7 13 216
9 20 68 9 9 8 114
8 10 25 10 3 2 50
7 27 40 13 11 7 98
6 23 29 9 11 4 76
5 21 16 5 8 5 55
4 31 22 6 15 10 84
3 15 9 6 8 5 43
2 29 13 1 8 8 59
1 10 4 0 2 4 20
ColumnTotals (N)
231 352 84 82 66 815
Chi-square = 117.15 Probability = 0.001a
aProbability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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Figure 50:
Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Deciles on the CAT--Total
910
96
Table 16: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFather's Educational Level
Father'sEd. Level
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
0 thru 5 yrs. 1 2 1 1 0 5
6 thru 8 yrs. 33 22 10 15 11 91
9 thru 11 yrs. 73 61 14 24 17 189
H.S. Grad. 153 201 57 46 38 495
13 thru 15 yrs. 8 54 6 5 7 80
Col. Grad. 13 33 3 3 3 55
Grad. Work 4 18 1 1 4 28
Column285 391 92 95 80 943Totals (N)
DF al 28 Chi-square = 74.94 Probability = 0.001a
Table 17: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFather's Occupational Level
Father'sDoc. Level
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
1 1 8 1 0 1 11
2 9 25 0 3 5 42
3 35 98 16 16 10 175
4 104 109 31 26 21 291
5 116 131 40 45 30 362
6 13 11 6 3 6 39
Retired 8 1 1 1 3 14
Unemployed 1 9 1 2 0 13
ColumnTotals (N)
287 392 96 96 76 947
DF .. 28 Chi-square = 63.93 Probability = 0.001a
aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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FORMAL EDU.1ATION COMPLETED BY FATHER
Figure 51: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Father'sEducational Level
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Figure 52: Percentage DistributionOccupational Level
aCategories "R" and "U"
3 4 5
OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL
of Curriculum Samples
represent Retired and
6 Ra
by Father's
Unemployed.
aU
99
Table 18: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forMother's Educational Level
Mother'sEd. Level
Voc.Tech.
Acad. Sec. Bus.HomeEcon.
RowTotals
0 thru 5 yrs.
6 thru 8 yrs.
9 thru 11 yrs.
H.S. Grad.
13 thru 15 yrs.
Col. Grad.
Grad. Work
0
15
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ColumnTotals (N)
290 407 96 101 83 977
DF = 24 Chi-square = 74.41 Probability = 0.001a
Table 19: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forMother's Occupational Level
Mother'sOcc. Level
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
0 2 0 0 0 2
2 12 33 1 1 0 47
3 9 18 3 1 3 34
4 47 62 16 12 5 142
5 33 44 16 14 8 115
6 197 252 64 75 67 655
Retired 1 0 0 0 0 1
Unemployed 0 1 1 0 0 2
ColumnTotals (N)
299 412 101 103 83 998
DF = 28 Chi-square = 45.09 Probability = 0.022a
aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
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FORMAL EDUCATION COMPLETED BY MOTHER
Figure 53: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Mother'sEducational level
100
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90
85
80
75
70
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Voc. Tech.Acad.
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2 3 4 5
OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL
Figure 54: Pereentage DistributionOccupational Level
aCategories "R" and "U"
of Curriculum Samples
represent Retired and
6 Ra
by Mother's
Unemployed.
102
Table 20: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forFamily Income
Total FamilyIncome Ranges
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
Did not know/did not wishto respond
166 233 75 85 65 624
0 to $2999 3 5 0 0 3 11
$3000 to $5999 30 13 8 3 5 59
$6000 to $8999 53 58 8 11 6 136
$9000 + 52 109 11 5 5 182
ColumnTotals (N)
304 418 102 104 84 1012
DF = 16 Chi-square = 84.72 Probability = 0.001a
Table 21: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forSex
Sex Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
Male
Female
298
14
208
214
2
102
10
96
2
85
520
511
ColumnTotals (N)
312 422 104 106 87 1031
DF = 4 Chi-square = 503.67 Probability = 0.001a
aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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INCOME RANGE
Figure 55: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Income
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
104
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Figure 56: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Sex
105
Table 22: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forBirth Order
Order ofBirtha
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
1 105 128 29 24 24 310
2 85 134 32 30 24 305
3 62 90 27 27 15 221
4 31 36 9 10 8 94
5 11 21 3 10 2 47
6 10 6 1 1 8 26
7 3 4 2 2 3 14
8 2 0 0 1 1 4
9 1 2 0 0 2 5
10 0 1 0 0 0 1
11 0 0 0 1 0 1
12 1 0 0 0 0 1
Column ill
Total (N)311 422 103 106 87 1029
DF = 44 Chi-square = 64.80 Probability = 0.002b
aThree cases where the subject was the thirteenth child or lligherin his family were not included in the table.
bThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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Figure 57: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Birth Order
Table 23: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forNumber of Children in the Family
Number ofChildrena
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Bus. .
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
1 23 19 5 5 3 55
2 58 97 17 20 10 202
3 60 100 34 23 26 243
4 55 84 20 18 12 189
5 52 64 13 14 10 153
6 26 30 5 12 10 83
7 17 10 5 4 4 40
8 8 10 2 4 4 28
9 4 3 2 3 2 14
10 2 3 0 0 1 6
11 3 2 0 1 5 11
12 0 0 0 2 0 2
13 1 0 1 0 0 2
Column309 422 104 106 87 1028Totals (N)
DP1348 Chi-square = 80.71 Probability = 0.002b
aFour cases where there were more than 13 children in the familywere not included in the table.
bThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
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KEYVoc. Tech.Acad. . . . . . . . . .S e c .
Bus.
Home Econ.
1 1
is
ii li
.1 1 1
.
.
. .
/
,,1..
..7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN THE FAMILY
Figure 58: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Total Numberof Children in the Family
109
Table 24: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forNumber of Hobbies and Interests
Number ofActivities
Voc.
Tech.Acad. Sec. Bus.
HomeEcon.
RowTotals
0 10 9 1 3 2 25
1 32 41 4 11 6 94
2 68 78 31 28 18 223
3 50 94 24 30 24 222
4 56 91 25 23 21 216
5 47 50 12 5 8 122
6 29 33 4 3 6 75
7 11 16 2 3 0 32
8 4 8 0 0 2
9 2 2 1 0 0 5
10 1 0 0 0 0 1
11 1 0 0 0 0 1
12 1 0 0 0 0 1
Column312 422 104 106 87 1031Totals (N)
DF = 48 Chi-square = 54.51 Probability = 0.240a
aThe probability of exceeding the c'i-square value by chance.
30
28
26
PE 24RC
E 22
NT
F
20
L8
C
16RR
I 14C
UL 12
U
10
S
A1.1
P
LE
110
KEYVoc. Tech.Acad.Sec. _ _ __
Bus. I./1mm
Home Econ. -
1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
NUMBER OF HOBBIES AND INTERESTS
Figure 59: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Number of
Hobbies and Interests
111
Table 25: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forIdealistic Education Plans
Plan toVoc. Home Row
Attend Acad. Sec. Bus.Tech. Econ. Totals
College
Yes 146 346 43 34 41 610
No 151 65 60 69 42 387
Column297 411 103 103 83 997
Totals (N)
DF = 4 Chi-square = 165.31 Probability = 0.001a
Table 26: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forRealistic Education Plans
Plan toHome Row
Attend HOC' Acad. Sec. Bus.Tech. Econ. Totals
College
Yes 116 278 30 19 22 465
No 171 106 71 84 60 492
Column287 384 101 103 82 957
Totals (N)
DF = 4 Chi-square = 162.22 Probability = 0.001a
aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
C
URRI
C
ULUM
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
112
KEY
11111
I
Voc. Tech. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHAcad.
Sec. I I-1Bus. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINIIIIIL
IN Home Econ.
MI1.ig
a IIMIal
MINIMlMINIMMINMINIMMINIMWOOMINIMMINIM
1131IIIII
1.1 iMINIMlMIMI
11IMI=lIMMOl Mi
In0111.1lMINIM...
11,
MI.....-....
.....
..... - MI-
... mi-- INI
iii-111
_- a-- --- aIdealistic
EDUCATIONAL PLANS
Realistic
Figure 60: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Educational
Plans
Table 27: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forGrades Repeated
Grades Voc.Repeated Tech.
Acad. Sec, Bus,Home RowEcon. Totals
None 209 367 91 81 61 809
1st thru 3rd 36 20 2 11 10 79
4th thru 6th 21 5 2 6 7 41
7th thru 9th 11 4 1 3 2 21
More than10 1 0 i 0 12
one grade
Column287 397 96 102 80 962Totals (N)
BF-. 16 Chi-square = 72.27 Probability = 0.001a
Table 28: Frequency Distribution and Chi-square Analysis forPersonal Traits
TraitsVoc.Tech.
Acad. Sec. Bus.Home RowEcon. Totals
5
4
3
2
1
12 80 14 3 8 117
32 78 24 9 5 148
177 733 55 55 42 512
25 19 2 6 5 57
8 3 1 0 1 13
ColumnTotals (N)
154 363 96 73 61 847
DF 16 Chi-square = 80.37 Probability = 0.001a
aThe probability of exceeding the chi-square value by chance.
bThe values 5 to 1 represent a scale from high to low on therelative strength of the subject's personal traits ac jt.dgedby his teachers.
F
C
URRI
C
UL
UM
S
AMPL
E
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
114
I
KEYVoc. Tech.
I
.
. Acad.Sec.-Bus.
Econ.
.
Home ----
\.\
\ N .
.
.
.,.,
V.--=..
\ ..\
\
1-3 4-6
GRADE RANGES
7-9
KEY
Voc. Tech. 1111111111111111111
Acad.
sec.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Bus. 11111111111111111111
Home Econ. MINIM
NINONil
E--vi---i 1U
nil=MIY1.1110
MOM
Morethan one
% of samples whofailed at least
one year
Figure 61: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Grades Repeated
72 KEYVoc. Tech.
68Acad.
PE 64R
60EN 56T
520
48
44
40
I
36
32
28
24A
20
16
12
4
0
Home Econ. --
:kka LEVEL
Figure 62: Percentage Distribution of Curriculum Samples by Level of
Personal Traits
REFERENCES
Altoona Area Chamber of Commerce, Altoona Pennsylvania.
Altoona City Planning Commission, Master Plan, 1972.
Altoona City Planning Commission, Master Plan Reports,, Numbers 1, 2, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, 1968.
California Achievement Tests Manual: Complete Battery and SeparateReading, Arithmetic, and Language Tests. Junior High Level -Grades 7-8-9, WXYZ Series. California Test Bureau: Monterey,California, 1963.
California Achievement Test: Technical Report, 1957 Edition, 1963Norms. California Test Bureau: Monterey, California, 1967.
Crites, John O. "The Measurement of Vocational Maturity in Adolescence:I. The Attitude Test of the Vocational Development Inventory."Psychological Monographs, American Psychological Association, 1965.
Crites, John O. The Maturity of Vocational Attitudes in Adolescence.Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, 1969.
Espenshade, A. Howry. Pennsylvania Place Names. The Pennsylvania StateCollege, 1925, Evangelical Press, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. The Measurement of Occupa-tional Values. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department ofVocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Mono-graph Number 3, September, 1971.
Roe, Ann. The Psychology of Occupations. New York: John Wiley andSons, Inc., 1956.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, General Social and Economic Characteristics,Final Report PC (1) - C40 Pennsylvania, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington,D.C., 1971.
United States Department of Labor, Manual for the General Aptitude TestBattery Section III: Development. U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington,D.C., 1967.
VOCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STUDY SERIES
Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. A Longitudinal Study ofVocational Development: Implications for Vocational Education andGuidance. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of VocationalEducation, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 1,July, 1971.
Kapes, Jerome T. The Relationship Between Selected Characteristics ofNinth Grade Boys and Curriculum Selection and Success in TenthGrade. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of VocationalEducation, The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 2,August, 1971.
Impellitteri, Joseph T. and Jerome T. Kapes. The Measurement of Occupa-tional Values. University Park, Pennsylvania: Department ofVocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University, VDSgraph Number 3, September, 1971.
Enderlein, Thomas E. An Examination of the Relationship of SelectedStudent Variables to Vocational-Technical Shop Achievement.University Park, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education,The Pennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 4, February,1972.
Kapes, Jerome T. and Leo W. Lotowycz Changes in the Occupational Valuesof Students Between Ninth and Tenth Grade as Related to Course ofStudy and Other Student Characteristics. University Park, Pennsylvania:Department of Vocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University,VDS Monograph Number 5, April, 1972.
O'Reilly, Patrick A. Evaluation of In-School Success Criteria for Voca-tional-Technical Students. University Park, Pennsylvania: Depart-ment of Vocational Education, The Pennsylvania State University,VDS Monograph Number 6, May, 1972.
Btantner, Seymour T. and Thomas E. Enderlein. A Comparison of Vocationaland Non-Vocational High School Dropouts and Retainers. UniversityPark, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 7, June, 1972,
Martin, Randall B. Relationships Between Holland's Vocational PreferenceInventory and Vocational-Technical Student Achievement. UniversityPark, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 8, October, 1972.
McAlister, Bernard M. Curriculum Selection and Success of Tenth GradeGirls as Related to Selected Ninth Grade Characteristics. UniversityPaik, Pennsylvania: Department of Vocational Education, ThePennsylvania State University, VDS Monograph Number 9, March, 1973.