image industries inc. stud welding catalog image industries inc. mission statement image industries...

IMAGE INDUSTRIES INC.STUD WELDING

CATALOG

Attachment SystemsCold Formed Parts

Assemblies

2

WARNING FAILURE OR IMPROPER SELECTION OR IMPROPER

USE OF THE PRODUCTS AND/OR SYSTEMS DESCRIBED IN THIS

CATALOG OR RELATED ITEMS CAN CAUSE DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY

AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.!

This document and other information from Image Industries Incorporated, its subsidiaries andauthorized distributors provides product and/or system options for further investigation by users havingtechnical expertise. It is important that the user analyze all aspects of the application and review theinformation concerning the product or system in the current product catalog. Due to the variety ofoperating conditions and applications for these products or systems, the user, through his or her ownanalysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the products and systemsand assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met.

The products described in this catalog, including without limitation, product features, specifications,designs, availability and pricing, are subject to change by Image Industries Incorporated and itssubsidiaries at any time without notice.

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IMAGE INDUSTRIES INC.Mission Statement

Image Industries goal is to assist our customers in arriving at optimal solutions. Optimalsolutions may mean different things to different customers. To some of our customers it meanslowest installed costs, to some it means the most robust solution and to others it means solvinga problem that has been plaguing them for years. This solution is determined and arrived at inpartnership with our customers. We at Image do not sell “parts”, rather we are in the businessof selling EXPERTISE.

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OFFICE Locations

HEADQUARTERSLarge Diameter & Low Volume Manufacturing,Orders and Service382 Balm CourtWood Dale, IL 60191

Telephone: 630-766-7373Telephone: 800-722-7883

Fax: 630-766-2402

MANUFACTURING PLANT #2Small Diameter & High Volume Manufacturing864 Lively BoulevardWood Dale, IL 60191

Telephone: 630-766-7373Telephone: 800-722-7883Fax: 630-766-2402

ENGINEERINGEquipment Manufacturing11475 Commercial Ave #15Richmond, IL 60071

Telephone: 815-678-6400Telephone: 800-603-5851Fax: 815-678-3200

Contact us via the Internet:[email protected]@imageindustries.com

© 2000 P/N ILC102

Nelson, NS-20, NS-30, NS-40 are registered trademarks of TRW inc.

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TABLE OF Contents

Drawn Arc Studs 6U.S. 8Metric 28

Capacitor Discharge (CD) Studs 36U.S. 38Metric 41

Advanced Process (AP) Studs 42U.S. 46Metric 48

Specialty Studs 52

Cold Formed Products 58Including Resistance Weld Studs 60

Ferrules 64

Useful Information Index 68Stud Mechanical Properties 72

Hammer Weld Studs 50

Personal Safety 88

Glossary 90

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ARC WELD Studs

Standard Drawn Arc Weld Studs arethe preferred choice of all weld studs.

This style of stud uses embedded flux and an external shielding ferrule. With these components youcan achieve maximum weld penetration and reliability. These weld studs use a process which isrobust and provides excellent success under a broad range of conditions.

Flux cleanses the atmosphere during the weld preventing impurities from contaminating the weldzone. This flux serves the same purpose as the flux in flux core wire welding or as the shielding gas instandard MIG (GMAW) welding.

The ferrule serves 3 main purposes. First, it provides a limited atmosphere to maximize the flux loadeffectiveness; Second, it vents gasses generated during the welding process; and finally, it containsthe molten pool of metal and forms it into a uniform shape.

This style of stud also comes in a broad range of configurations. Some configurations include:standard round threaded, no thread, rectangular, square, internally tapped. See the remainder of thissection as well as the Specialty Stud section for more examples.

While Image tries to stock a good selection of commonly used weld fasteners, the particular one youneed may not be in stock. Image produces 60-70% of product to customer specifications. If you don’tsee what you are looking for then contact your Image sales representative or the Factory directly toachieve a solution that is optimal for your application.

3/8" Mild Steel Stud Weldedto 1/8" Hot Rolled Plate

Cross Sectional View ShowingWeld Penetration

Standard Fluxed Arc Stud with Ceramic Ferrule

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Weld Stud SpecificationsMATERIAL: Standard mild steel studs (low carbon C1008-C1018) conform to ASTM A307 & ASTM F568. Stain-less Steel Studs (302/302 HQ/304 & 305) conform to ASTM F593 & F738. Other materials including aluminum,medium carbon steel, stainless 316 along with specialty steels, HY80 and HY100 are available on special order.For additional information contact your Image Sales Representative or the Factory directly.

THREAD: Standard thread is UNC-2A for U.S. threads and 6g for metric threads. This is important when gaugingthreads during inspection. Different thread specifications can be manufactured on a custom basis.

PLATING/COATING: Weld studs can be plated with a variety of materials including zinc (according to OSHAstandards), nickel, dichromat etc. Other plating or finishing requirements can be accommodated. PLEASE NOTE:The welding flux is not plated to prevent weld contamination, i.e. fluxing is done after plating.

ANNEALING: Upon request, stud ductility can be increased by annealing to Rockwell B, 75 max. for low carbonsteel and Rockwell B, 90 max. for stainless steel.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES: All torque, tensile and shear values are calculated values based on a minimummaterial tensile specification. Typically, the material used exceeds these specifications. The calculated minimumsare provided as a reference. All torque and tensile values are calculated based on “working” limits. These workinglimits are designed for bolts which are to be reused instead of bolts which are for permanent installation. Anadditional 25% safety factor has been added to achieve the “working” level. The tensile and torque values are fortensile loading only. The shear values are for shear loading only. These values will be different for combinedtensile and shear stresses.

ARC WELD Studs

Standard Drawn Arc Process Description

Chuck

Stud

Ferrule

The gun is properlypositioned and the main

gun spring is partiallycompressed.

The trigger is pressed andthe stud lifts off the work.

An arc is created and meltsthe stud and parent

material.

After the arcing time iscompleted, the main springplunges the stud into the

molten pool of metal.

The gun is withdrawn fromthe welded stud. The ferrule

is broken away anddiscarded.

For a more detailed description of stud welding andavailable stud welding processess, please refer tothe AWS Welding Handbook, 8th Edition; Volume 2Chapter 9.

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ARC WELD Studs

Pitch Diameter Mild Steel

Pitch Diameter and Full Thread Studs are the two most common types of Standard Drawn Arc Weld Studs.The primary advantage of a Pitch Diameter Stud versus a Full Thread Stud is in shear value. The PitchDiameter Stud will have a higher shear value than the same size Full Thread Stud. This is due to the slightlylarger base diameter of a Pitch Diameter Stud. However, since a Pitch Diameter Stud is not fully threaded itmay not be appropriate for your specific application. A Pitch Diameter Stud is best suited when there is amating part that covers the unthreaded portion of the weld stud.

5/83/47/8

11 1/81 1/41 3/81 1/21 5/81 3/41 7/822 1/42 1/22 3/43MIN LMAX L

Diameter+.063 +.063 +.063 +.063 +.063 +.063- .000 - .000 - .000 - .000 - .000 - .000

HeightDiameter

Length

Base Dim.Length

BODY DIAMETER & THREAD PITCH

PDC25-62

PDC25-75

1/4-20

PDC25-87

PDC25-1

PDC25-112

Min Yield ShearMin Working Torque

Fillet

FootFerrule

Min Working Tensile

After Weld Length Reduction (approx)

ChuckGrip

PDC25-125

PDC25-137

PDC25-150

PDC25-162

PDC25-175

PDC25-187

PDC25-2

PDC25-225

PDC25-250

PDC25-275

PDC25-3

FTS20

25P

1,074 lb

5/8

.375"

.215"

C25

.11 ± .02"

.32 ± .02"

.12"

1,072 lb

4.5 ft•lb

PDC31-62

PDC31-75

PDC31-87

PDC31-1

PDC31-150

PDC31-162

PDC31-175

PDC31-187

5/16-18

PDC31-112

PDC31-125

PDC31-137

PDC31-2

PDC31-225

PDC31-250

PDC31-275

PDC31-3

5/8

.275"

.375"

.13 ± .02"

.39 ± .02"

PDC37-187

PDC37-2

PDC37-225

PDC37-250

PDC37-275

PDC37-3

5/8

.43 ± .02"

31P

1,770 lb

1,731 lb

9.3 ft•lb

PDC37-1

PDC37-112

PDC37-125

PDC37-137

PDC37-150

PDC37-162

PDC37-175

.13 ± .02"

.330"

3/8-16PDC37-62

PDC37-75

PDC37-87

.12"

C37

G37

FTS20

STANDARD ACCESSORIES

.12"

C31

G31

FTS20

G25

37P

2,615 lb

2,534 lb

16.3 ft•lb

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

62P 75P

4,789 lb 11,288 lb

10,634 lb

1/2-13

PDC50-1

PDC50-112

PDC50-125

PDC50-137

PDC50-150

PDC50-162

PDC50-175

PDC50-187

PDC50-2

PDC50-225

PDC50-250

PDC50-275

PDC50-3

PDC62-162

PDC62-175

PDC62-187

PDC62-2

PDC62-225

PDC62-250

PDC62-275

PDC62-3

PDC75-162

PDC75-175

PDC75-187

PDC75-2

PDC75-225

PDC75-250

PDC75-275

1 1 5/8

.680".562"

Up to 3" is considered a stocking size. Beyond 3" is a custom order.

.19" .12" .19"

.17 ± .02" .25 ± .02"

.71 ± .02" .84 ± .02"

.17 ± .02"

.58 ± .02"

C75

G75

FTS20 FTM20 FTM20

C50 C62

G50 G62

39.9 ft•lb

7,628 lb

7,258 lb

79.4 ft•lb

50P

5/8-11 3/4-10

.375" .500" .625" .790"

.446"

PDC75-3

1 5/8

47.9 ft•lb 95.3 ft•lb 169.3 ft•lb

(see appendix tables for calculation details particularly when comparing different manufacturers)

5.4 ft•lbMin Yield Torque 11.1 ft•lb 19.6 ft•lb

141.1 ft•lb

4,589 lb

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ARC WELD Studs

Pitch Diameter Stainless Steel

5/83/47/8

11 1/81 1/41 3/81 1/21 5/81 3/41 7/822 1/42 1/22 3/43MIN LMAX L

Diameter+.063 +.063 +.063 +.063 +.063 +.063- .000 - .000 - .000 - .000 - .000 - .000

HeightDiameter


.215" .275" .330" .446" .562" .680"

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16

4,577 lb

4,355 lb

47.7 ft•lb

6,773 lb

6,380 lb

84.7 ft•lb

1,569 lb

1,520 lb

9.8 ft•lb

2,873 lb

2,753 lb

23.9 ft•lb

644 lb

643 lb

2.7 ft•lb

1,062 lb

1,039 lb

5.5 ft•lb

FTM20

62P

C75

G75

FTM20

75P

G62

C62C50

G50

FTS20

50P31P

.43 ± .02"

C25

FTS20

37P

G37

C37C31

.58 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19"

.625" .790"

.17 ± .02" .25 ± .02"

.71 ± .02" .84 ± .02"

.19"

.11 ± .02" .13 ± .02"

5/8


.375" .500"

.13 ± .02" .17 ± .02"

1 5/85/8

1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10

PDS75-2

PDS75-162

PDS75-175

PDS75-187

PDS62-275

PDS50-3 PDS62-3

1 5/85/8 1

PDS75-225

PDS75-250

PDS75-275

PDS75-3

PDS62-225

PDS50-275

PDS37-250

PDS37-275

PDS50-250

PDS62-175

PDS62-187

PDS62-2

PDS62-250

PDS50-187

PDS50-225

PDS50-112

PDS50-125

PDS50-137

PDS37-150

PDS37-162 PDS62-162

PDS50-2

PDS37-3

PDS37-187

PDS50-1

PDS37-175

PDS50-150

PDS50-162

PDS50-175

PDS37-2

PDS37-225

PDS31-3

PDS37-62

PDS37-75

PDS37-87

PDS37-1

PDS37-112

PDS37-125

PDS37-137

PDS31-250

PDS31-275

PDS31-150

PDS31-162

PDS31-175

PDS31-187

PDS31-2

PDS31-225

PDS25-250

PDS25-275

PDS25-3

PDS31-62

PDS31-75

PDS31-87

PDS31-1

PDS31-112

PDS31-125

PDS31-137

PDS25-175

PDS25-187

PDS25-2

PDS25-225

Min Working Torque

GripFoot

Ferrule


FTS20

25P

G25 G31

FTS20


Chuck

Length

Fillet

Base Dim.


.32 ± .02" .39 ± .02"

.375" .375"

Length

PDS25-62

PDS25-75

PDS25-87

PDS25-1

PDS25-112

PDS25-125

PDS25-137

PDS25-150

PDS25-162

28.8 ft•lb 57.2 ft•lb 101.6 ft•lb


Min Yield Torque 3.3 ft•lb 6.7 ft•lb 11.8 ft•lb

Min Working TensileMin Yield Shear

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter

After WeldLength Reduction

FilletHeight

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ARC WELD Studs

Full Thread Mild Steel

Full Thread Studs are one of the two most common studs. The threads on a Full Thread Stud run the full length ofthe fastener (hence full thread). This simplifies many mating part concerns and is a favorite of engineering. APitch Diameter Stud requires that the mating part(s) cover the unthreaded portion of the fastener. Also, a PitchDiameter Stud is marginally stronger in shear than a Full Thread Stud due to the slightly larger diameter in theshear area.

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-105/8 FTC25-62 FTC31-62 FTC37-62

3/4 FTC25-75 FTC31-75 FTC37-75

7/8 FTC25-87 FTC31-87 FTC37-87

1 FTC25-1 FTC31-1 FTC37-1 FTC50-1

1 1/8 FTC25-112 FTC31-112 FTC37-112 FTC50-112

1 1/4 FTC25-125 FTC31-125 FTC37-125 FTC50-125

1 3/8 FTC25-137 FTC31-137 FTC37-137 FTC50-137

1 1/2 FTC25-150 FTC31-150 FTC37-150 FTC50-150

1 5/8 FTC25-162 FTC31-162 FTC37-162 FTC50-162 FTC62-162 FTC75-162



2 FTC25-2 FTC31-2 FTC37-2 FTC50-2 FTC62-2 FTC75-2




3 FTC25-3 FTC31-3 FTC37-3 FTC50-3 FTC62-3 FTC75-3

MIN L 5/8 5/8 5/8 1 1 5/8 1 5/8

MAX LHeight .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .97 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTM20 FTM20

25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

1,074 lb 1,770 lb 2,615 lb 4,789 lb 7,628 lb 11,288 lb

918 lb 1,513 lb 2,236 lb 4,094 lb 6,520 lb 9,649 lb

4.5 ft•lb 9.3 ft•lb 16.3 ft•lb 39.9 ft•lb 79.4 ft•lb 141.1 ft•lb


FootFerrule

Min Working TorqueMin Yield Torque


Fillet


Length


STANDARD ACCESSORIESChuckGrip

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (see appendix tables for calculation details particularly when comparing different manufacturers)


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ARC WELD Studs

Full Thread Stainless Steel

ThreadDiameterOverall

Length

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-105/8 FTS25-62 FTS31-62 FTS37-62

3/4 FTS25-75 FTS31-75 FTS37-75

7/8 FTS25-87 FTS31-87 FTS37-87

1 FTS25-1 FTS31-1 FTS37-1 FTS50-1

1 1/8 FTS25-112 FTS31-112 FTS37-112 FTS50-112

1 1/4 FTS25-125 FTS31-125 FTS37-125 FTS50-125

1 3/8 FTS25-137 FTS31-137 FTS37-137 FTS50-137

1 1/2 FTS25-150 FTS31-150 FTS37-150 FTS50-150

1 5/8 FTS25-162 FTS31-162 FTS37-162 FTS50-162 FTS62-162 FTS75-162



2 FTS25-2 FTS31-2 FTS37-2 FTS50-2 FTS62-2 FTS75-2




3 FTS25-3 FTS31-3 FTS37-3 FTS50-3 FTS62-3 FTS75-3

MIN L 5/8 5/8 5/8 1 1 5/8 1 5/8

MAX LHeight .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .97 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

644 lb 1,062 lb 1,569 lb 2,873 lb 4,577 lb 6,773 lb

551 lb 908 lb 1,341 lb 2,456 lb 3,912 lb 5,790 lb


3.3 ft•lb 6.7 ft•lb 11.8 ft•lb 28.8 ft•lb 57.2 ft•lb 101.6 ft•lbMin Yield TorqueMin Working Torque



Length


Fillet


STANDARD ACCESSORIESChuckGripFoot

Ferrule


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ARC WELD Studs

No Thread Mild Steel

No Thread Studs simply do not have any threads. There are many uses for a No Thread Stud which include:stops, handles, locators etc. One item to note on No Thread Studs is that the body is the full dimension. A 1/2" NTis 1/2" in diameter whereas a 1/2" Pitch Diameter Stud is only .446" in diameter in the unthreaded portion.

Many different features can be put into a No Thread Stud such as grooves for retaining clips or springs, crossdrilled holes, slots, etc. Contact your Image Sales Representative or the Factory to find out if there may be aspecial part to meet your application.

1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/45/8 NTC25-62 NTC31-62 NTC37-62

3/4 NTC25-75 NTC31-75 NTC37-75

7/8 NTC25-87 NTC31-87 NTC37-87 NTC50-87

1 NTC25-1 NTC31-1 NTC37-1 NTC50-1

1 1/8 NTC25-112 NTC31-112 NTC37-112 NTC50-112

1 1/4 NTC25-125 NTC31-125 NTC37-125 NTC50-125

1 3/8 NTC25-137 NTC31-137 NTC37-137 NTC50-137

1 1/2 NTC25-150 NTC31-150 NTC37-150 NTC50-150

1 5/8 NTC25-162 NTC31-162 NTC37-162 NTC50-162 NTC62-162 NTC75-162



2 NTC25-2 NTC31-2 NTC37-2 NTC50-2 NTC62-2 NTC75-2




3 NTC25-3 NTC31-3 NTC37-3 NTC50-3 NTC62-3 NTC75-3

MIN L 5/8 5/8 5/8 7/8 1 5/8 1 5/8

MAX LHeight .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .97 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

2,454 lb 3,835 lb 5,522 lb 9,817 lb 15,340 lb 22,089 lb

1,416 lb 2,213 lb 3,186 lb 5,665 lb 8,851 lb 12,746 lbMin Yield Shear

BODY DIAMETER

Length


Fillet



Min Yield Tensile

FootFerrule


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ARC WELD Studs

No Thread Stainless Steel

BodyDiameterOverall

Length

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/45/8 NTS25-62 NTS31-62 NTS37-62

3/4 NTS25-75 NTS31-75 NTS37-75 NTS50-75

7/8 NTS25-87 NTS31-87 NTS37-87 NTS50-87

1 NTS25-1 NTS31-1 NTS37-1 NTS50-1

1 1/8 NTS25-112 NTS31-112 NTS37-112 NTS50-112

1 1/4 NTS25-125 NTS31-125 NTS37-125 NTS50-125

1 3/8 NTS25-137 NTS31-137 NTS37-137 NTS50-137

1 1/2 NTS25-150 NTS31-150 NTS37-150 NTS50-150

1 5/8 NTS25-162 NTS31-162 NTS37-162 NTS50-162 NTS62-162 NTS75-162



2 NTS25-2 NTS31-2 NTS37-2 NTS50-2 NTS62-2 NTS75-2




3 NTS25-3 NTS31-3 NTS37-3 NTS50-3 NTS62-3 NTS75-3

MIN L 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 1 5/8 1 5/8

MAX LHeight .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .96 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

1,473 lb 2,301 lb 3,313 lb 5,890 lb 9,204 lb 13,254 lb

850 lb 1,328 lb 1,912 lb 3,399 lb 5,311 lb 7,647 lbMin Yield Shear

BODY DIAMETER

Length


Fillet



Min Yield Tensile

FootFerrule


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ARC WELD Studs

Collar Stud Mild Steel

A Collar Stud has a flange or collar formed in the middle of the fastener. This style of weld stud has many uses. Itcan be used as a stand off to set one metal sheet above another. Often, this style stud can be used when othersare being considered. For example, a Collar Stud can replace Shoulder Studs and internally Tapped Studs inmany applications. The advantage is that Collar Studs are less costly than other types of studs in similar sizes.

Please note that the base length includes the thickness of the collar. This style of stud comes in a wide variety ofcombinations of Base Length and Thread Length. Contact your Image Sales Representative or the Factorydirectly to find out if we already manufacture a collar stud for your application.

Shear values aren't given for collar studs becausethe shear force is frequently off-set from the base.Therefore, shear value varies with each application.

Example Part No.Min Thread LengthMin Base LengthMax LengthBase Diameter

Thickness+.063 +.063 +.063 +.063- .005 - .005 - .005 - .005

HeightDiameter

Min Yield Torque 5.4 ft•lb 11.1 ft•lb 19.6 ft•lb 47.9 ft•lb

4.5 ft•lb 9.3 ft•lb 16.3 ft•lb 39.9 ft•lbMin Working Torque


2,615 lb1,770 lb1,074 lb

.500 .500

Most sizes are made to order

.215" .275" .330" .446"

.500

3/8-16 1/2-13

.375 .375 .500 .625

5/16-18CLC4450-5062CLC3350-3762CLC2750-3162

ChuckGrip

Min Working Tensile

FootFerrule


1/4-20

.500

.093 ± .015"

.33 ± .02"Fillet

Collar

C25

FTM20

25C

.500

.12"

.093 ± .015" .125 ± .015" .156 ± .015"

.12 ± .02" .13 ± .02" .13 ± .02" .15 ± .02"

4,789 lb

FTM20

50C

FTM20

31C

FTM20

(see appendix for calculation details particularly when comparing different manufacturers)

.62 ± .02".39 ± .02" .46 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12"

G75

C31 C37

G62

37C

G62 G62



.625 .625 .750

CLC2150-2562

Diameter

C50

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ARC WELD Studs

Collar Stud Stainless Steel

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

CollarDiameter

Example Part No.Min Thread LengthMin Base LengthMax LengthBase Diameter

Thickness+.063 +.063 +.063 +.063- .005 - .005 - .005 - .005

HeightDiameter

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (see appendix for calculation details particularly when comparing different manufacturers)

Min Yield Torque 3.3 ft•lb 6.7 ft•lb 11.8 ft•lb 28.8 ft•lbMin Working TorqueMin Working Tensile 644 lb

2.7 ft•lb 5.5 ft•lb 9.8 ft•lb 23.9 ft•lb

FerruleFoot

.33 ± .02" .39 ± .02"

STANDARD ACCESSORIESC25 C31 C37

.46 ± .02" .62 ± .02"After Weld Length

Reduction (approx)

BODY DIAMETER & THREAD PITCH1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13

CLS3350-3762 CLS4450-5062

.375 .375 .500 .625

CLS2150-2562 CLS2750-3162

.500 .500 .500 .500


.215" .275" .330" .446"

Collar.093 ± .015" .093 ± .015" .125 ± .015" .156 ± .015"

Diameter .500 .625 .625 .750

.12" .12"

.12 ± .02" .13 ± .02" .13 ± .02" .15 ± .02"Fillet

C50

Grip G62 G62 G62 G75

Chuck

.12" .12"

FTM20 FTM20 FTM20 FTM20

1,569 lb 2,873 lb

25C 31C 37C 50C

1,062 lb

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

16

ARC WELD Studs

Reduced Base Mild Steel

A Reduced Base Stud has a smaller diameter base than any other stud of equal thread diameter. This style ofstud is frequently used when the mating part tolerances are very tight and can not accomodate the extra filletdiameter of a Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Stud. Because of the extra processing involved, a Reduced BaseStud is typically more expensive than an equivalent Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Stud. Also, because the base isreduced in diameter the mechanical properties of the fastener are lower than for the equivalent thread size ineither Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Studs.

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10Example Part No. RBC25-62 RBC31-62 RBC37-62 RBC50-1 RBC62-162 RBC75-162

Min Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength .187 .187 .375 .437 .550 .800

Diameter .187" .272" .312" .437" .500" .620"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .15 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .28 ± .02"

Diameter .28 ± .02" .34 ± .02" .41 ± .02" .53 ± .02" .66 ± .02" .77 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G62


25T 31T 37T 50T 62RB 62F

907 lb 1,527 lb 2,291 lb 4,241 lb 6,814 lb 10,189 lb

775 lb 1,305 lb 1,959 lb 3,625 lb 5,824 lb 8,710 lb




Min Yield Shear

GripFoot


Min Working Tensile

Ferrule

Base



Chuck

Fillet


Most sizes are made to order.

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

17

ARC WELD Studs

Reduced Base Stainless Steel

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10Example Part No. RBS25-62 RBS31-62 RBS37-62 RBS50-1 RBS62-162 RBS75-162

Min Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength .187 .187 .375 .437 .550 .800

Diameter .187" .272" .312" .437" .500" .620"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .15 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .28 ± .02"

Diameter .28 ± .02" .34 ± .02" .41 ± .02" .53 ± .02" .66 ± .02" .77 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G62


25T 31T 37T 50T 62RB 62F

544 lb 916 lb 1,375 lb 2,545 lb 4,088 lb 6,114 lb

465 lb 783 lb 1,175 lb 2,175 lb 3,495 lb 5,226 lb





Fillet


Base



Min Yield Shear

Chuck

Min Working Tensile


GripFoot

Ferrule


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

18

ARC WELD Studs

Full Base Mild Steel

A Full Base Stud is manufactured so the base of the stud is the same diameter as the nominal thread diameter.This gives a stud maximum shear capabilities for its diameter. A full base does not offer any increase in tensilesince the threads dictate the minimum affected stress area. These studs are frequently used in applications wheremaximum shear is important and maximum fastener size is limited. Due to required manufacturingprocesses, a Full Base Stud will be more expensive than equivalent size Pitch Diameter and Full Thread Studs.

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10Example Part No. FBC25-62 FBC31-62 FBC37-62 FBC50-1 FBC62-162 FBC75-162

Min Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength .187 ± .063" .250 ± .063" .265 ± .063" .300 ± .063" .375 ± .063" .500 ± .063"

Diameter .250" .313" .375" .500" .625" .750"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .19 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .97 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

1,074 lb 1,770 lb 2,615 lb 4,789 lb 7,628 lb 11,288 lb

1,416 lb 2,213 lb 3,186 lb 5,665 lb 8,851 lb 12,746 lb





Fillet



Base


Min Yield Shear

Chuck

Min Working Tensile


GripFoot

Ferrule


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

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D

19

ARC WELD Studs

Full Base Stainless Steel

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10Example Part No. FBS25-62 FBS31-62 FBS37-62 FBS50-1 FBS62-162 FBS75-162

Min Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength .187 ± .063" .250 ± .063" .265 ± .063" .300 ± .063" .375 ± .063" .500 ± .063"

Diameter .250" .313" .375" .500" .625" .750"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .19 ± .02" .32 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .97 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

644 lb 1,062 lb 1,569 lb 2,873 lb 4,577 lb 6,773 lb

850 lb 1,328 lb 1,912 lb 3,399 lb 5,311 lb 7,647 lb





Min Yield Shear


Min Working Tensile

ChuckGripFoot

Ferrule


Fillet



Base


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

20

ARC WELD Studs

Tapped Stud Mild Steel

An internally Tapped Stud, or Tapped Pad is a no thread stud which has a blind tap hole. This stud is used whenthe mating part must be attached with a bolt / threaded projection rather than a nut. This stud can bemanufactured in a variety of size / length configurations. Most Tap Pads are made to order.

If you are looking for an attachment boss, consider using a Collar Stud and nut combination for a cost / deliverysavings.

1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537

#8-32 #10-24 1/4-20 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11

Min Body Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength - .250" Length - .250" Length - .250" Length - .250" Length - .375" Length - .375"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

2,454 lb 3,835 lb 5,522 lb 9,817 lb 15,340 lb 22,089 lb

1,416 lb 2,213 lb 3,186 lb 5,665 lb 8,851 lb 12,746 lb

Min Yield Tensile


Min Yield Shear

BODY DIAMETER


STANDARD ACCESSORIESChuck


Max Tap Depth

Example Part No.Tap Size

GripFoot

Ferrule

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

21

ARC WELD Studs

Tapped Stud Stainless Steel

BodyDiameter

OverallLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

TapDepth

DrillDepth

1/4 5/16 3/8 1/2 5/8 3/4TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537 TPC3775-2537

#8-32 #10-24 1/4-20 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11

Min Body Length .625" .625" .625" 1" 1.625" 1.625"

Max LengthLength - .250" Length - .250" Length - .250" Length - .250" Length - .375" Length - .375"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19"

C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G50 G62 G75


25F 31F 37F 50F 62F 75F

1,473 lb 2,301 lb 3,313 lb 5,890 lb 9,204 lb 13,254 lb

850 lb 1,328 lb 1,912 lb 3,399 lb 5,311 lb 7,647 lb

Min Yield TensileMin Yield Shear

BODY DIAMETER

Example Part No.Tap Size


Max Tap DepthAfter Weld Length Reduction (approx)

FootFerrule




DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

22

ARC WELD Studs

Shoulder Base Stud Mild Steel

A Shoulder Base Stud provides a boss area for mating parts to seat against. Shoulder Base Studs are made toorder. If you are thinking of using a Shoulder Base Stud, consider a Collar Stud. A Collar Stud will provide asimilar boss / land area as a Shoulder Base Stud at a cost / delivery time savings. The fundamental differencebetween a Shoulder Base Stud and a Collar Stud is that the base of a Shoulder Base Stud can handle more shearthan the base of a Collar Stud for a given thread size. However, a Collar Stud can be welded to a thinner gage ofmetal than a Shoulder Base Stud for a given thread size.

1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8Example Part No. SBC2531-1640 SBC3134-1946 SBC3737-2562 SBC4343-3178 SBC5050-3793 SBC6262-50125 SBC7562-62156 SBC8775-75187

Thread Pitch #8-32 #10-24 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10

Min Thread Length .40" .46" .62" .78" .93" 1.25" 1.56" 1.87"

Max LengthMin Length .312" .343" .375" .437" .500" .625" .625" .750"

Diameter .250" .313" .375" .437" .500" .625" .750" .875"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .16 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02" .39 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .57 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .96 ± .02" 1.08 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19" .19"

C16 C19 C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G43 G50 G62 G75 G87

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTM20 FTM20 FTL20

25F 31F 37F 43F 50F 62F 75F 87F

473 lb 592 lb 1,074 lb 1,770 lb 2,615 lb 4,789 lb 7,628 lb 11,288 lb

468 lb 602 lb 918 lb 1,513 lb 2,236 lb 4,094 lb 6,520 lb 9,649 lb

16 in•lb 22 in•lb 4.5 ft•lb 9.3 ft•lb 16.3 ft•lb 39.9 ft•lb 79.4 ft•lb 141.1 ft•lb

18.6 in•lb 27 in•lb 5.4 ft•lb 11.1 ft•lb 19.6 ft•lb 47.9 ft•lb 95.3 ft•lb 169.3 ft•lb

1,416 lb 2,213 lb 3,186 lb 4,337 lb 5,665 lb 8,851 lb 12,746 lb 12491 lb

GripFoot

Ferrule

Min Yield Torque

Min Working TensileMin Yield ShearMin Working Torque



BODY DIAMETER

Min Yield Shear

Base

Fillet


Chuck


Thread

Base

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

23

ARC WELD Studs

Shoulder Base Stud Stainless Steel

ThreadDiameter

FilletDiameter


FilletHeightBase

DiameterBase

Height

ThreadLength

1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8SBS2531-1640 SBS3134-1946 SBS3737-2562 SBS4343-3178 SBS5050-3793 SBS6262-50125 SBS7562-62156 SBS8775-75187

Thread Pitch #8-32 #10-24 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10

.40" .46" .62" .78" .93" 1.25" 1.56" 1.87"

Min Length .312" .343" .375" .437" .500" .625" .625" .750"

Diameter .250" .313" .375" .437" .500" .625" .750" .875"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .16 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02" .32 ± .02" .39 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .43 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .57 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02" .96 ± .02" 1.08 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .12" .19" .19" .19"

C16 C19 C25 C31 C37 C50 C62 C75

G25 G31 G37 G43 G50 G62 G75 G87

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTM20 FTM20 FTL20

25F 31F 37F 43F 50F 62F 75F 87F

284 lb 355 lb 644 lb 1,062 lb 1,569 lb 2,873 lb 4,577 lb 6,773 lb

242 lb 303 lb 551 lb 908 lb 1,341 lb 2,456 lb 3,912 lb 5,790 lb



850 lb 1,328 lb 1,912 lb 2,602 lb 3,399 lb 5,311 lb 7,647 lb 12491 lb

Base

Base

Fillet



Min Yield Torque


ChuckGripFoot

Min Yield Shear

Ferrule


Thread

Max Length Most sizes are made to order.

BODY DIAMETER

Example Part No.

Min Thread Length

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

24

ARC WELD Studs

Headed Anchor Mild Steel

Headed Anchors are designed to be welded to flat surfaces or in the fillet or heel of angles. They are used instructural applications. Please note that the standard ferrule is for welding on flat surfaces. If you are going toweld on the fillet or heel of angles, please ask your Image Sales Representative or consult the Factory directly fora different ferrule specification.

1/4 3/8 1/2 5/81 1/8 HAC25-112

1 3/8 HAC37-137

1 5/8 HAC37-162

2 1/8 HAC37-212 HAC50-212

2 5/8 HAC50-262

2 11/16 HAC25-268 HAC37-268 HAC62-268

3 1/8 HAC37-312 HAC50-312

3 3/16 HAC62-318

3 5/8 HAC50-362

4 1/8 HAC25-412 HAC37-412 HAC50-412

4 3/16 HAC62-418

5 5/16 HAC50-531

6 1/8 HAC37-612 HAC50-612

6 3/16 HAC62-618

6 9/16 HAC62-656

8 1/8 HAC50-812

8 3/16 HAC62-818

Min Length 1.125" 1.375" 2.125" 2.687"

Max LengthHeight .19" .28" .31" .31"

Diameter .50" .75" 1.00" 1.25"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .19"

CH25 CH37 CH50 CH62

GS25 GS37 GS50 GS62

GLS25 GLS37 GLS50 GLS62

FTSS20 FTSS20 FTSS20 FTMS20

25F 37F 50F 62F

2,454 lb 3,835 lb 5,522 lb 9,817 lb

1,416 lb 2,213 lb 3,186 lb 5,665 lb

BODY DIAMETER

Head

Fillet


Most Sizes are made to order

Length


FootLong Grip (inside angle)

Ferrule

Max Yield TensileMax Yield Shear


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

25

ARC WELD Studs

Headed Anchor Stainless Steel

BodyDiameter

OverallLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

HeadHeight

HeadDiameter

A longer grip is usually needed whenwelding into angles .

Accessories will be different for weldthru deck applications. Consult yourImage Sales Representative orconsult the Factory directly forassistance with accessories for thistype of application.

1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8HAS25-112 HAS37-137 HAS50-212 HAS62-268

Min Length 1.125" 1.375" 2.125" 2.687"

Max LengthHeight .19" .28" .31" .31"

Diameter .50" .75" 1.00" 1.25"

Height .12 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .17 ± .02" .25 ± .02"

Diameter .36 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .63 ± .02" .77 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .19"

CH25 CH37 CH50 CH62

GS25 GS37 GS50 GS62

GLS25 GLS37 GLS50 GLS62

Small Split Small Split Small Split Medium Split

25F 37F 50F 62F

1,473 lb 2,301 lb 3,313 lb 5,890 lb

850 lb 1,328 lb 1,912 lb 3,399 lb

BODY DIAMETER

Head

Fillet


Example Part No.




Min Yield Shear


Ferrule

Min Yield Tensile

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

26

ARC WELD Studs

Shear Connector Mild Steel

Shear Connectors are specifically designed to effectively tie the concrete to steel beams and to resist shearloadings between the concrete slab and steel beam in composite construction. Shear Connectors can be weldedto flat surfaces or in the fillet or heel of angles. They are used in structural applications.

Please note that the standard ferrule is for welding on flat surfaces. If you are going to weld on the fillet or heel ofangles, please ask your Image Sales Representative or consult the Factory directly for a different ferrulespecification.

3/4 7/8 13 3/16 SCC75-318

3 3/8 SCC75-337

3 11/16 SCC87-368

3 7/8 SCC75-387

4 3/16 SCC75-418 SCC87-418

4 1/4 SCC75-425 SCC1-425

4 3/8 SCC75-437

4 7/8 SCC75-487

5 3/16 SCC75-518 SCC87-518

5 1/4 SCC1-525

5 3/8 SCC75-537

5 7/8 SCC75-587

6 3/16 SCC75-618 SCC87-318

6 1/4 SCC1-625

7 3/16 SCC75-718 SCC87-718

8 3/16 SCC75-818 SCC87-818

8 1/4 SCC1-825

9 3/16 SCC75-918

9 1/4 SCC1-925

10 3/16 SCC75-1018

10 1/4 SCC1-1025

Min Length 3.187" 3.687" 4.25"

Max LengthHeight .38" .38" .56"

Diameter 1.25" 1.38" 1.625"

Height .32 ± .02" .39 ± .02" .41 ± .02"

Diameter .96 ± .02" 1.08 ± .02" 1.25 ± .02"

.19" .19" .19"

CS62 CS87 CS1

GS62 GS87 GS1

GLS62

FTMS20 FTLS20 FTLS20

75F 87F 1F

22,089 lb 30,066 lb 39,270 lb

12,746 lb 17,348 lb 22,659 lb

Ferrule

Head

Fillet


ChuckGrip


BODY DIAMETER



Length



(see appendix for calculation details particularly when comparing different manufacturers)

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

27

ARC WELD Studs

Shear Connector Stainless Steel

BodyDiameter

OverallLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

HeadHeight

HeadDiameter

A longer grip is usually needed whenwelding into angles .

Accessories will be different for weldthru deck applications. Consult yourImage Sales Representative orconsult the Factory directly forassistance with accessories for thistype of application.

3/4 7/8 1SCS75-318 SCS87-368 SCS1-425

3.187" 3.687" 4.25"

Height .38" .38" .56"

Diameter 1.25" 1.38" 1.625"

Height .32 ± .02" .39 ± .02" .41 ± .02"

Diameter .96 ± .02" 1.08 ± .02" 1.25 ± .02"

.19" .19" .19"

CS62 CS87 CS1

GS62 GS87 GS1

GLS62

FTMS20 FTLS20 FTLS20

75F 87F 1F

13,254 lb 18,040 lb 23,562 lb

7,647 lb 10,409 lb 13,595 lb

BODY DIAMETER


Min Yield Shear

Example Part No.Min LengthMax Length

Head

Fillet


Ferrule

Min Yield Tensile




DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

28

M ARC WELD Studs METRIC

Pitch Diameter Mild & Stainless Steels

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

Pitch Diameter and Full Thread Studs are the two most common types of Standard Drawn Arc Weld Studs. The primary advantageof a Pitch Diameter Stud versus a Full Thread Stud is in shear value. The Pitch Diameter Stud will have a higher shear value thanthe same size Full Thread Stud. This is due to the slightly larger base diameter of a Pitch Diameter Stud. However, since a PitchDiameter Stud is not fully threaded it may not be appropriate for your specific application. A Pitch Diameter Stud is best suitedwhen there is a mating part that covers the unthreaded portion of the weld stud.

16mm20mm25mm30mm35mm40mm45mm50mm55mm60mm65mm70mmMIN LMAX L

Diameter+1.6mm +1.6mm +1.6mm +1.6mm +1.6mm +1.6mm

-0.00mm -0.00mm -0.00mm -0.00mm -0.00mm -0.00mm

Fillet HeightDiameter

Base Dim.


PDC10-35

PDC10-40

PDC10-45

PDC10-50

PDC10-55

PDC10-60

PDC10-65

PDC10-25

PDC10-20

PDC10-16

PDC10-30

Length

PDC6-16

6mm-1.0

PDC6-20

PDC6-25

PDC6-30

Chuck

FootFerrule

Grip

PDC6-35

PDC6-40

PDC6-45

PDC6-50

PDC8-40

PDC6-55

PDC6-60

PDC6-65

PDC8-20

PDC8-25

PDC8-35

PDC8-30

8mm-1.25 10mm-1.5Low Carbon Steel

PDC8-16

Stainless Steel10mm-1.5

Min Yield ShearMin Working Torque 5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 26.9 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.1 N•M

PDC8-45

PDC8-50

PDC8-55

PDC8-60

PDC8-65

PDC8-70

16mm

Length

5.30mm 7.16mm

9.5

16mm

PDC6-70 PDC10-70

16mm

6mm-1.0 8mm-1.25PDS6-16 PDS8-16

PDS6-25 PDS8-25

PDS6-35 PDS8-35

PDS10-16

PDS6-20 PDS8-20 PDS10-20

PDS10-25

PDS6-30 PDS8-30 PDS10-30

PDS10-35

PDS6-40 PDS8-40 PDS10-40

PDS6-45 PDS8-45 PDS10-45

PDS6-50 PDS8-50 PDS10-50

PDS6-55 PDS8-55 PDS10-55

PDS6-60 PS8-60 PDS10-60

PDS6-65 PDS8-65 PDS10-65

PDS6-70 PDS8-70 PDS10-70

7.16mm 8.98mm

16mm 16mm 16mm


3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm

8.98mm 5.30mm

2mm

3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm

9.1 ± .5mm 10.9 ± .5mm 12.2 ± .5mm 9.1 ± .5mm 10.9 ± .5mm 12.2 ± .5mm

3.1 ± .5mm

CM6 CM8 CM10 CM6

G37 G25

3mm 3mm

CM8 CM10


2mm 3mm 3mm

G31 G37

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20

G25 G31

31P M10P25P 31P M10P 25P

446 N 804 N 1,268 N 267 N



Min Working Tensile 467 N 849 N 1,345 N 280 N 509 N 806 N

Min Yield Torque 6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 32.3 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M 19.4 N•M

9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5

482 N 760 N

DR

AW

N

AR

C

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LD

S

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D

29

MARC WELD Studs METRIC

Full Thread Mild & Stainless Steels

Full Thread Studs are one of the two most common studs. The threads on a Full Thread Stud run the full length of the fastener (hence fullthread). This simplifies many mating part concerns and is a favorite of engineering. A Pitch Diameter Stud requires that the mating part(s)cover the unthreaded portion of the fastener. Also, a Pitch Diameter Stud is marginally stronger in shear than a Full Thread Stud due to theslightly larger diameter in the shear area.

ThreadDiameterOverall

Length

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

6mm-1.0 8mm-1.25 10mm-1.5 6mm-1.0 8mm-1.25 10mm-1.516mm FTC6-16 FTC8-16 FTC10-16 FTS6-16 FTS8-16 FTS10-16

20mm FTC6-20 FTC8-20 FTC10-20 FTS6-20 FTS8-20 FTS10-20









55mm FTC6-55 FTC8-55 FTC10-55 FTS6-55 FTS-55 FTS10-55

60mm FTC6-60 FTC8-60 FTC10-60 FTS6-60 FTSS-60 FTS10-60



MIN L 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm

MAX LHeight 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm

Diameter 9.1 ± .5mm 10.9 ± .5mm 12.2 ± .5mm 9.1 ± .5mm 10.9 ± .5mm 12.2 ± .5mm

2mm 3mm 3mm 2mm 3mm 3mm

CM6 CM8 CM10 CM6 CM8 CM10

G25 G31 G37 G25 G31 G37


25F 31F M10F 25F 31F M10F

467 N 849 N 1,345 N 280 N 509 N 806 N

399 N 726 N 1,149 N 239 N 435 N 689 N

5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 26.9 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.1 N•M

6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 32.3 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M 19.4 N•M



Min Yield TorqueMin Working Torque

LENGTH

BODY DIAMETER & THREAD PITCHLow Carbon Steel Stainless Steel


FootFerrule

ChuckGrip

Fillet



DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

30


No Thread Mild & Stainless Steels

No Thread Studs simply do not have any threads. There are many uses for a No Thread Stud which include: stops, handles, locators etc. Anitem to note on No Thread Studs is that the body is the full dimension. An 8 mm NT is 8 mm in diameter where as a 8 mm Pitch Diameter Studis only 7.87 mm in diameter in the unthreaded portion.

Many different features can be put into a No Thread Stud such as grooves for retaining clips or springs, cross drilled holes, slots, etc. Contactyour Image Sales Representative or consult the Factory directly to find out if there may be a special part to meet your application.

BodyDiameterOverall

Length

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

6mm 8mm 10mm 6mm 8mm 10mm16mm NTC6-16 NTC8-16 NTC10-16 NTS6-16 NTS8-16 NTS10-16

20mm NTC6-20 NTC8-20 NTC10-20 NTS6-20 NTS8-20 NTS10-20







55mm NTC6-55 NTC8-55 NTC10-55 NTS6-55 NTS8-55 NSC10-55




MIN L 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm

MAX LHeight 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm




G25 G31 G37 G25 G31 G37


25F 31F M10F 25F 31F M10F

971 N 1,727 N 2,698 N 582 N 1,035 N 1,618 N

560 N 996 N 1,557 N 336 N 597 N 934 NMin Yield Shear


BODY DIAMETER

Fillet

Length

Low Carbon Steel Stainless Steel



Min Yield Tensile

FootFerrule


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

31


Collar Stud Mild & Stainless Steels

A Collar Stud has a flange or collar formed in the middle of the fastener. This style of weld stud has many uses. It can be used as a stand off to set onemetal sheet above another. Often, this style stud can be used when others are being considered. For example, a Collar Stud can replace Shoulder Studsand internally Tapped Studs in many applications. The advantage is that Collar Studs are less costly than other types of studs in similar sizes.

Please note that the base length includes the thickness of the collar. This style of stud comes in a wide variety of combinations of Base Length andThread Length. If you do not see exactly what you are looking for contact your Image Sales Representative or the Factory directly.

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

CollarDiameter

6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5CLC2113-610 CLC2713-810 CLC3525-1013 CLC2113-610 CLC2713-810 CLC3525-1013

Min Thread Length 10mm 10mm 13mm 20mm 20mm 20mm

Min Base Length 13 mm 13mm 13mm 25mm 25mm 25mm

Max LengthBase Diameter 5.30mm 7.16mm 8.98mm 5.30mm 7.16mm 8.98mm

Thickness 2.36 ± .38mm 2.36 ± .38mm 3.96 ± .38mm 2.36 ± .38mm 2.36 ± .38mm 3.96 ± .38mm

Diameter 12.70 ± 1.58mm 15.75 ± 1.58mm 19.00 ± 1.58mm 12.70 ± 1.58mm 15.75 ± 1.58mm 19.00 ± 1.58mm

Height 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm 3.1 ± .5mm




G62 G62 G62 G62 G62 G62

FTM20 FTM20 FTM20 FTM20 FTM20 FTM20

25C 31C M10C 25C 31C M10C

467 N 849 N 1,345 N 280 N 509 N 806 N

5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 26.9 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.1 N•M

6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 32.3 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M 19.4 N•MMin Yield TorqueMin Working Torque


Min Working Tensile


Collar

Fillet





Example Part No.

Ferrule

ChuckGripFoot

Shear values aren't given for collar studs becausethe shear force is frequently off-set from the base.Therefore, shear value varies with each application.

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

32


Reduced Base Mild & Stainless Steels

A Reduced Base Stud has a smaller diameter base than any other stud of equal thread diameter. This style of stud is frequently used whenthe mating part tolerances are very tight and can not accomodate the extra fillet diameter of a Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Stud. Becauseof the extra processing involved, a Reduced Base Stud is typically more expensive than an equivalent Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Stud.Also, because the base is reduced in diameter the mechanical properties of the fastener are lower than for the equivalent thread size ineither Pitch Diameter or Full Thread Studs.

6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5RBC6-16 RBC8-16 RBC10-25 RBS6-16 RBS8-16 RBS10-25

16mm 16mm 25.4mm 16mm 16mm 25.4mm

Length 4.0 ± 1.5mm 4.5 ± 1.5mm 5.0 ± 1.5mm 4.0 ± 1.5mm 4.5 ± 1.5mm 5.0 ± 1.5mm






G25 G31 G43 G25 G31 G43


25T 31T M10T 25T 31T M10T

402 N 700 N 1,137 N 241 N 420 N 682 N

344 N 598 N 972 N 206 N 359 N 583 N

4.8 N•M 11.2 N•M 22.7 N•M 2.9 N•M 6.7 N•M 13.6 N•M

5.8 N•M 13.4 N•M 27.3 N•M 3.5 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.4 N•M



Example Part No.Min Thread LengthMax Length






Base

FootFerrule

ChuckGrip

Fillet


ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

33


Full Base Mild & Stainless Steels

ThreadDiameter

BaseDiameter

OverallLength

BaseLength

ThreadLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

A Full Base Stud is manufactured so the base of the stud is the same diameter as the nominal thread diameter. This gives a stud maximumshear capabilities for its diameter. A full base does not offer any increase in tensile since the threads dictate the minimum affected stressarea. These studs are frequently used in applications where maximum shear is important and maximum fastener size is limited. Due torequired manufacturing processes, a Full Base Stud will be more expensive than equivalent size Pitch Diameter and Full Thread Studs.

6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.5FBC6-16 FBC8-16 FBC10-25 FBS6-16 FBS8-16 FBS10-25

Min Thread Length 16mm 16mm 25.4mm 16mm 16mm 25.4mm

Max LengthLength 5.0 ± 1.5mm 6.5 ± 1.5mm 7.5 ± 1.5mm 5.0 ± 1.5mm 6.5 ± 1.5mm 7.5 ± 1.5mm

Diameter 6.0mm 8.0mm 10.0mm 6.0mm 8.0mm 10.0mm





G25 G31 G37 G25 G31 G37


25F 31F M10F 25F 31F M10F

467 N 849 N 1,345 N 280 N 509 N 806 N

560 N 996 N 1,557 N 336 N 597 N 934 N

5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 26.9 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.1 N•M

6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 32.3 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M 19.4 N•M






GripFoot


Example Part No.

Fillet


Base

Chuck


Ferrule

DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

34


Tapped Stud Mild & Stainless Steels

An internally Tapped Stud, or Tapped Pad is a no thread stud which has a blind tap hole. This stud is used when the mating part must beattached with a bolt / threaded projection rather than a nut. This stud can be manufactured in a variety of size / length configurations. MostTap Pads are made to order.

If you are looking for an attachment boss, consider using a Collar Stud and nut combination for a cost / delivery savings.

BodyDiameter

OverallLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

TapDepth

DrillDepth

6mm 8mm 10mm 6mm 8mm 10mmTPC616-410 TPC816-610 TPC1016-810 TPS616-410 TPS816-610 TPS1016-810

4 mm - 0.7 6 mm - 1.0 8 mm - 1.25 4 mm - 0.7 6 mm - 1.0 8 mm - 1.25

Min Body Length 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm 16mm

Max LengthLength - 6 mm Length - 6 mm Length - 6 mm Length - 6 mm Length - 6 mm Length - 6 mm





G25 G31 G37 G25 G31 G37


25F 31F M10F 25F 31F M10F

971 N 1,727 N 2,698 N 582 N 1,035 N 1,618 N

560 N 996 N 1,557 N 336 N 597 N 934 N

BODY DIAMETER

Max Tap Depth

Tap Size





Example Part No.


Fillet

FootFerrule


ChuckGrip


DR

AW

N

AR

C

WE

LD

S

TU

D

35


Shoulder Base Stud Mild & Stainless Steels

ThreadDiameter

FilletDiameter


FilletHeightBase

DiameterBase

Height

ThreadLength

A Shoulder Base Stud provides a boss area for mating parts to seat against. Shoulder Base Studs are made to order. If you are thinking ofusing a Shoulder Base Stud, consider a Collar Stud. A Collar Stud will provide a similar boss / land area as a Shoulder Base Stud at acost / delivery time savings. The fundamental difference between a Shoulder Base Stud and a Collar Stud is that the base of a ShoulderBase Stud can handle more shear than the base of a Collar Stud for a given thread size. However, a Collar Stud can be welded to a thinnergage of metal than a Shoulder Base Stud for a given thread size.

6mm 8mm 10mm 6mm 8mm 10mmSBC68-410 SBC89-612 SBC1016-816 SBC68-410 SBC89-612 SBC1016-816

Thread Pitch 4mm - 0.7 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 4mm - 0.7 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25

Min Thread Length 10mm 12mm 16mm 10mm 12mm 16mm

Max LengthMin Length 8.0 ± 1.5mm 9 ± 1.5mm 10 ± 1.5mm 8.0 ± 1.5mm 9 ± 1.5mm 10 ± 1.5mm

Diameter 6.0mm 8.0mm 10.0mm 6.0mm 8.0mm 10.0mm





G25 G31 G37 G25 G31 G37


25F 31F M10F 25F 31F M10F

204 N 467 N 849 N 122 N 280 N 509 N

174 N 399 N 726 N 104 N 239 N 435 N

1.6 N•M 5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 1.0 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M

2.0 N•M 6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 1.2 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M

560 N 996 N 1,557 N 336 N 597 N 934 N

Example Part No.



Thread

Base

BODY DIAMETER

Base

Fillet



Ferrule

ChuckGripFoot

Min Working TensileMin Yield ShearMin Working TorqueMin Yield Torque

Min Yield Shear

C

D

WE

LD

S

TU

D

36

CD WELD Studs

1/4" Mild Steel CD StudWelded to 1/8" Hot Rolled Plate

Cross Sectional View ShowingWeld Penetration

Standard Capacitor Discharge Stud

The Capacitor Discharge or CD StudWelding process is extremely fast.Weld times of .006 seconds can beachieved by using the gap process.Because of the short weld times, noflux or shielding gas is required toachieve good integrity welds.

Short weld times are good for welding onto thin sheet metal. Good welds can be achieved on sheet as thin as0.015" (0.4mm). On thicker gauges, excellent cosmetic results can be achieved with minimal reverse side marking.Such low heat is generated during the short weld times that reverse sides can be pre-painted without damage to thepaint.

Because of the short weld times, penetration is minimal. There is no porosity or weld contamination, but thepenetration is only a few thousands. Therefore, CD welds are excellent on thin gauges and / or in cosmeticapplications, but a process with longer weld times should be used for superior integrity.

Critical factors impacting CD weld results are weld voltage (set by the operator on the power supply) and ignition tiplength (controlled during the manufacturing process by Image Industries). If the weld voltage is not sufficient, therewill not be enough heat generated to successfully fuse the stud onto the base material. If the ignition tip, whichcontrols arc length, is not long enough, the weld will not have enough penetration to form a complete bond.

A common welding problem with CD Studs is to use a dimple or witness mark to locate stud position. The CD Studignition tip fits into the dimple. This effectively shortens the ignition tip length and results in shorter arc lengthswhich translates into less heat into the weld.

The Gap CD Welding Process welds studs faster than the Contact CD Process. Gap weld times can range from0.004 seconds to 0.010 seconds while contact times range from about 0.012 seconds to 0.020 seconds. While thistime difference is not critical from a production rate standpoint, it is critical when welding non ferrous alloys such asaluminum or brass. Because non ferrous alloys dissipate heat exceptionally well, a slow CD weld can melt andsolidify the base metal before the face of the stud has made contact with the base metal. Therefore, the GapProcess, which has faster stud velocities; ensures the stud contacts the base metal before the weld pool hassolidified. The downside to Gap CD is that it requires more sophisticated / expensive equipment.

C D

WE

LD

S

TU

D

37

Contact CD Welding Process

Gap CD Welding Process

CD WELD Studs

CD & CD Gap Welding Process Description

CD Stud is positioned against workon the timing or ignition tip,

the gun mechanisms are compressed.

The Trigger is pulled, the timingtip vaporizes and an arc is formed.

This arc melts the bottom of thestud and top of the base metal.

The gun beginsto drive the studinto the base metal

Complete fusion

At the end of travel, the power sourceis completely discharged and the studhas formed a complete bond with the

base material.

The gun trigger is pulled and thegun's mechanism accelerates towards

the weld site.

Upon contact with the base metal, theignition tip vaporizes and an arc is

formed. This arc melts the bottom of thestud and top of the base metal.

Complete fusion

At the end of travel, the power sourceis completely discharged and the studhas formed a complete bond with the

base material.

Initial Gap is set in the welding gun.The gun is positioned over the target.

InitialGap

The gun continuesto drive the stud

toward the base metal

MATERIAL: Standard Mild Steel Studs (low carbon 1008-1018) conform to ASTM A307 & ASTM F568.Stainless Steel Studs (302/302 HQ/304) conform to ASTM F593 & F738. Aluminum Studs are manufactured from5356 alloy. Other materials are available on special order. To discuss your needs and match a process to thoseneeds, or alternate methods for locating CD Studs, consult your Image Sales Representative or the Factorydirectly.

THREAD: Standard thread is UNC-2A for U.S. threads and 6g for metric threads. This is important when gagingthreads during inspection. Different thread specifications can be manufactured on a custom basis.

PLATING/COATING: Carbon Steel CD Studs are typically furnished with a copper flash plating for betterconductivity and some corrosion resistance.

ANNEALING: Upon request, stud ductility can be increased by annealing to 75 Rockwell B for low carbon steeland 90 Rockwell B for stainless steel.


Weld Stud Specifications

CD

W

EL

D

ST

UD

38

CD WELD Studs

Mild Steel

4-40 6-32 8-32 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-161/4 CDC11-25 CDC13-25 CDC16-25 CDC19-25 CDC19F-25 CDC25-25

5/16 CDC11-31 CDC13-31 CDC16-31 CDC19-31 CDC19F-31 CDC25-31

3/8 CDC11-37 CDC13-37 CDC16-37 CDC19-37 CDC19F-37 CDC25-37

1/2 CDC11-50 CDC13-50 CDC16-50 CDC19-50 CDC19F-50 CDC25-50 CDC31-50

5/8 CDC11-62 CDC13-62 CDC16-62 CDC19-62 CDC19F-62 CDC25-62 CDC31-62 CDC37-62



1 CDC11-1 CDC13-1 CDC16-1 CDC19-1 CDC19F-1 CDC25-1 CDC31-1 CDC37-1

1 1/4 CDC11-125 CDC13-125 CDC16-125 CDC19-125 CDC19F-125 CDC25-125 CDC31-125 CDC37-125



2 CDC11-2 CDC13-2 CDC16-2 CDC19-2 CDC19F-2 CDC25-2 CDC31-2 CDC37-2

Max L.187 ± .010" .218 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .312 ± .010" .375 ± .010" .500 ± .010"

.112 ± .010" .136 ± .010" .163 ± .010" .190 ± .010" .190 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .312 ± .010" .375 ± .010"

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37

FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS

194 lb 307 lb 473 lb 592 lb 675 lb 1,074 lb 1,770 lb 2,615 lb

166 lb 262 lb 404 lb 506 lb 577 lb 918 lb 1,513 lb 2,236 lb

4 in•lb 8 in•lb 16 in•lb 22 in•lb 26 in•lb 4.5 ft•lb 9.3 ft•lb 16.3 ft• lb

5.1 in•lb 10.2 in•lb 18.6 in•lb 27 in•lb 30.8 in•lb 5.4 ft•lb 11.1 ft• lb 19.6 ft• lb

Semi-Permanent ShieldStd Spark Shield

Non-Flange Base Dia.NON-FLANGED CD STUDS ADD 'NF' TO THE END OF ABOVE PART NUMBERS




BANTAM C2 ACCESSORIES

Length

Flange Diameter

ChuckFoot



FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

NonFlanged,Flange

Diameter

CD

W

EL

D

ST

UD

39

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

NonFlanged,Flange

Diameter

CD WELD Studs

Stainless Steel

4-40 6-32 8-32 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-161/4 CDS11-25 CDS13-25 CDS16-25 CDS19-25 CDS19F-25 CDS25-25

5/16 CDS11-31 CDS13-31 CDS16-31 CDS19-31 CDS19F-31 CDS25-31

3/8 CDS11-37 CDS13-37 CDS16-37 CDS19-37 CDS19F-37 CDS25-37

1/2 CDS11-50 CDS13-50 CDS16-50 CDS19-50 CDS19F-50 CDS25-50 CDS31-50

5/8 CDS11-62 CDS13-62 CDS16-62 CDS19-62 CDS19F-62 CDS25-62 CDS31-62 CDS37-62



1 CDS11-1 CDS13-1 CDS16-1 CDS19-1 CDS19F-1 CDS25-1 CDS31-1 CDS37-1

1 1/4 CDS11-125 CDS13-125 CDS16-125 CDS19-125 CDS19F-125 CDS25-125 CDS31-125 CDS37-125



2 CDS11-2 CDS13-2 CDS16-2 CDS19-2 CDS19F-2 CDS25-2 CDS31-2 CDS37-2

Max L.187 ± .010" .218 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .312 ± .010" .375 ± .010" .500 ± .010"

.112 ± .010" .136 ± .010" .163 ± .010" .190 ± .010" .190 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .312 ± .010" .375 ± .010"

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37





100 lb 157 lb 242 lb 303 lb 346 lb 551 lb 908 lb 1,341 lb

3.0 in•lb 5.0 in•lb 9.0 in•lb 13.0 in•lb 15.0 in•lb 2.7 ft•lb 5.5 ft•lb 9.8 ft•lb

3.0 in•lb 6.0 in•lb 11.0 in•lb 16.0 in•lb 18.0 in•lb 3.3 ft•lb 6.7 ft•lb 11.8 ft• lbMin Yield Torque

NON-FLANGED CD STUDS ADD 'NF' TO THE END OF ABOVE PART NUMBERSNon-Flange Base Dia.




Length


BANTAM C2 ACCESSORIESChuckFoot

Std Spark Shield

Flange Diameter

Semi-Permanent Shield


CD

W

EL

D

ST

UD

40

CD WELD Studs

Aluminum

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

NonFlanged,Flange

Diameter

4-40 6-32 8-32 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 5/16-181/4 CDA11-25 CDA13-25 CDA16-25 CDA19-25 CDA19F-25 CDA25-25

5/16 CDA11-31 CDA13-31 CDA16-31 CDA19-31 CDA19F-31 CDA25-31

3/8 CDA11-37 CDA13-37 CDA16-37 CDA19-37 CDA19F-37 CDA25-37

1/2 CDA11-50 CDA13-50 CDA16-50 CDA19-50 CDA19F-50 CDA25-50 CDA31-50




1 CDA11-1 CDA13-1 CDA16-1 CDA19-1 CDA19F-1 CDA25-1 CDA31-1

1 1/4 CDA11-125 CD13-125 CDA16-125 CDA19-125 CDA19F-125 CDA25-125 CDA31-125

1 1/2 CDA11-150 CDA13-150 CDA16-150 CDA19-150 CDA19F-150 CDA25-150 CDA31-150

1 3/4 CDA11-175 CDA13-175 CDA16-175 CDA19-175 CDA19F-175 CDA25-175 CDA31-175

2 CDA11-2 CDA13-2 CDA16-2 CDA19-2 CDA19F-2 CDA25-2 CDA31-2

Max L.187 ± .010" .218 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .250 ± .010" .312 ± .010" .375 ± .010"

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31

FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB FTMB

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS

97 lb 153 lb 236 lb 296 lb 337 lb 537 lb 885 lb

83 lb 131 lb 202 lb 253 lb 288 lb 459 lb 756 lb

2 in•lb 4 in•lb 8 in•lb 11 in•lb 13 in•lb 27 in•lb 55 in•lb

3 in•lb 5 in•lb 9 in•lb 13 in•lb 15 in•lb 32 in•lb 66 in•lb

Min Yield ShearMin Working TorqueMin Yield Torque


Min Working Tensile


Up to 2" is considered a stocking size. Beyond 2" is a special order.

Length

ChuckFoot

Std Spark Shield



Flange Diameter

CD

W

EL

D

ST

UD

41

MCD WELD Studs METRIC

Mild & Stainless Steels

4mm - 0.7 5mm - 0.8 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 4mm - 0.7 5mm - 0.8 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.256mm CDC4-6 CDS4-6

10mm CDC4-10 CDC5-10 CDC6-10 CDC8-10 CDS4-10 CDS5-10 CDS6-10 CDS8-10









Min Length 6MM 10MM 10MM 10MM 6MM 10MM 10MM 10MMMax Length

6.35 ± .025mm

6.35 ± .025mm

7.93 ± .025mm

9.53 ± .025mm

6.35 ± .025mm

6.35 ± .025mm

7.93 ± .025mm

9.53 ± .025mm

4.00 ± .025mm

5.00 ± .025mm

6.00 ± .025mm

8.00 ± .025mm

4.00 ± .025mm

5.00 ± .025mm

6.00 ± .025mm

8.00 ± .025mm

CM4 CM5 CM6 CM8 CM4 CM5 CM6 CM8




204 N 329 N 467 N 849 N 122 N 197 N 280 N 509 N

174 N 281 N 399 N 726 N 104 N 169 N 239 N 435 N

1.6 N•M 3.3 N•M 5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 1.0 N•M 2.0 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M

2.0 N•M 3.9 N•M 6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 1.2 N•M 2.4 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M

Min Working TensileMin Yield ShearMin Working TorqueMin Yield Torque

Flange Diameter


FootChuck

Up to 50mm is considered stock, beyond is a special order

Length

NON-FLANGED CD STUDS ADD 'NF' TO THE END OF ABOVE PART NUMBERS

Non-Flange Base Dia.

Std Spark ShieldSemi-Permanent Shield


BODY DIAMETER & THREAD PITCHLow Carbon Steel Stainless Steel

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

NonFlanged,Flange

Diameter

A

P

WE

LD

S

TU

D

42

Advanced Process or AP Weld Studsare so named because they can beused with a variety of stud weldingprocesses.

These processes include; Drawn Arc, Capacitor Discharge, Short Cycle Drawn Arc, Gas Metal Arcand Short Cycle Gas Metal Arc. Because none of these processes use a flux load like standard DrawnArc they do not achieve as deep a weld penetration. Also, the weld penetration of these studs variesgreatly from one process to another. For instance, using an AP Stud with a Capacitive DischargeProcess will only achieve a few thousands penetration; while the same AP Stud using the Gas MetalArc Process will achieve penetrations approaching that of flux loaded studs. Additionally, various gasmixes will impact spatter and penetration.

Length reductions after welding vary with process selection. Capacitor Discharge length reduction isnegligible. Short Cycle & Short Cycle Gas Metal Arc length reduction is approximately 0.04 inches(1mm). Gas Metal Arc is approximately 0.120 inches (3mm) depending on the shielding gas selected.

None of the AP Processes utilize a ceramic shielding ferrule. This is an advantage from a materialhandling perspective. However, since the weld fillet is not contained, fillet formation is somewhatrandom and unpredictable. Flange concentricity, controlled in the stud manufacturing process, is onefactor which can aid in uniform fillets. Also, these processes are susceptible to a phenomenon knownas arc blow. This is a phenomena where the molten pool of metal flows away from the strongestground location. This can be compensated for with multiple ground points.

Overall this style stud is economical and flexible on process selection. With a few caveats it can fullfilthe requirements of many applications.

Standard Advanced Process Stud

AP WELD Studs

A P

WE

LD

S

TU

D

43

Completed Short Cycle WeldCross Sectional View

Showing Weld Penetration

NOTE: Visible porosity

AP WELD Studs

Process Photos

Cross Sectional ViewShowing Weld PenetrationCompleted Gas

Short Cycle Weld

Cross Sectional ViewShowing Weld PenetrationCompleted Gas Weld

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AP WELD Studs

Gas, Gas Short Cycle & Short Cycle Process Description

Chuck

Stud

SparkShield

The gun is properly positioned and the gun lift mechanism is partially compressed.

The trigger is pressed and shielding gas floods the weld zone. The gun then lifts the stud off the work. An arc is created and melts the stud and parent material.

After the arc time is complete the gun lift mechanism plunges the stud into the molten pool of metal. Gas continues to flow until the molten metal is cool.

The gun is withdrawn from the welded stud and the operation is complete.

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AP WELD Studs

Weld Stud SpecificationsMATERIAL: Standard Mild Steel Studs (low carbon 1008-1018) conform to ASTM A307 & ASTM F568.Stainless Steel Studs (302/302 HQ/304) conform to ASTM F593 & F738.

THREAD: Standard thread is UNC-2A for U.S. threads and 6g for metric threads. This is important when gagingthreads during inspection. Different thread specifications can be manufactured on a custom basis.

PLATING/COATING: Carbon Steel AP Studs are typically furnished with a copper flash plating for betterconductivity and some corrosion resistance; however, they can be furnished with a plain finish for a cost savings.

ANNEALING: Upon request, stud ductility can be increased by annealing to 75 Rockwell B for low carbon steeland 90 Rockwell B for stainless steel.


To discuss your needs and match a process to those needs, or for additional information, consult your Image SalesRepresentative or the Factory directly.

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AP WELD Studs

Mild Steel

4-40 6-32 8-32 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-161/4 APC11-25 APC13-25 APC16-25 APC19-25 APC19F-25 APC25-25

5/16 APC11-31 APC13-31 APC16-31 APC19-31 APC19F-31 APC25-31

3/8 APC11-37 APC13-37 APC16-37 APC19-37 APC19F-37 APC25-37

1/2 APC11-50 APC13-50 APC16-50 APC19-50 APC19F-50 APC25-50 APC31-50

5/8 APC11-62 APC13-62 APC16-62 APC19-62 APC19F-62 APC25-62 APC31-62 APC37-62



1 APC11-1 APC13-1 APC16-1 APC19-1 APC19F-1 APC25-1 APC31-1 APC37-1

1 1/4 APC11-125 APC13-125 APC16-125 APC19-125 APC19F-125 APC25-125 APC31-125 APC37-125



2 APC11-2 APC13-2 APC16-2 APC19-2 APC19F-2 APC25-2 APC31-2 APC37-2

Max L Up to 3" is considered a stocking size. Beyond 3" is a custom order.

.144 ± .010" .168 ± .010" .194 ± .010" .220 ± .010" .220 ± .010" .280 ± .010" .340 ± .010" .405 ± .010"

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20



C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37

FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20

SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG

194 lb 307 lb 473 lb 592 lb 675 lb 1,074 lb 1,770 lb 2,615 lb


4 in•lb 8 in•lb 16 in•lb 22 in•lb 26 in•lb 4.5 ft•lb 9.3 ft•lb 16.3 ft•lb

5.1 in•lb 10.2 in•lb 18.6 in•lb 27 in•lb 30.8 in•lb 5.4 ft•lb 11.1 ft•lb 19.6 ft•lb


STANDARD ACCESSORIES GAS ARC OR SHORT CYCLE GAS ARCChuck

Gas Arc FootGas Arc Spark Shield

Min Working Tensile

FootStd Spark Shield

Long-Life Spark Shield



STANDARD ACCESSORIES DRAWN ARC CD OR SHORT CYCLE (use long-life spark shield)

Length

Flange Diameter

Chuck

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

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AP WELD Studs

Stainless Steel

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

4-40 6-32 8-32 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-161/4 APS11-25 APS13-25 APS16-25 APS19-25 APC19F-25 APC25-25

5/16 APS11-31 APS13-31 APS16-31 APS19-31 APC19F-31 APC25-31

3/8 APS11-37 APS13-37 APS16-37 APS19-37 APC19F-37 APC25-37

1/2 APS11-50 APS13-50 APS16-50 APS19-50 APC19F-50 APC25-50 APS31-50

5/8 APS11-62 APS13-62 APS16-62 APS19-62 APC19F-62 APC25-62 APS31-62 APS37-62



1 APS11-1 APS13-1 APS16-1 APS19-1 APC19F-1 APC25-1 APS31-1 APS37-1

1 1/4 APS11-125 APS13-125 APS16-125 APS19-125 APC19F-125 APC25-125 APS31-125 APS37-125



2 APS11-2 APS13-2 APS16-2 APS19-2 APC19F-2 APC25-2 APS31-2 APS37-2

Max L.144 ± .010" .168 ± .010" .194 ± .010" .220 ± .010" .220 ± .010" .280 ± .010" .340 ± .010" .405 ± .010"

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37




C11 C13 C16 C19 C19 C25 C31 C37




100 lb 157 lb 242 lb 303 lb 346 lb 551 lb 908 lb 1,341 lb






STANDARD ACCESSORIES DRAWN ARC CD OR SHORT CYCLE (use long-life spark shield)ChuckFoot

Std Spark Shield



LENGTH

Flange Diameter

Long-Life Spark Shield



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M AP WELD Studs METRIC

Mild Steel

4mm - 0.7 5mm - 0.8 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.510mm APC4-10 APC5-10 APC6-10 APC8-10 APC10-10

15mm APC4-15 APC5-15 APC6-15 APC8-15 APC10-15








Min Length 6MM 10MM 10MM 10MM 10MM

Max Length5.00 ± .25mm 6.00 ± .25mm 7.00 ± .25mm 9.00 ± .25mm 11.00 ± .25mm

CM4 CM5 CM6 CM8 CM10

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20

SS SS SS SS SS

BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19

FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20

SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG

204 N 329 N 467 N 849 N 1,345 N

174 N 281 N 399 N 726 N 1,149 N

1.6 N•M 3.3 N•M 5.6 N•M 13.6 N•M 26.9 N•M

2.0 N•M 3.9 N•M 6.7 N•M 16.3 N•M 32.3 N•M

Gas Arc Spark Shield

STD ACCESSORIES DRAWN ARC CD OR SHORT CYCLE (use long-life shield)

STANDARD ACCESSORIES GAS ARC OR SHORT CYCLE GAS ARCLong-Life Spark Shield

ChuckGas Arc Foot




Chuck


Length

Up to 50mm is considered stock, beyond this is special order

Foot

Flange Diameter

Std Spark Shield

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

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MAP WELD Studs METRIC

Stainless Steel

FlangeDiameter

OverallLength

ThreadDiameter

4mm - 0.7 5mm - 0.8 6mm - 1.0 8mm - 1.25 10mm - 1.510mm APS4-10 APS5-10 APS6-10 APS8-10 APS10-10

15mm APS4-15 APS5-15 APS6-15 APS8-15 APS10-15








Min Length 6MM 10MM 10MM 10MM 10MM

Max Length5.00 ± .25mm 6.00 ± .25mm 7.00 ± .25mm 9.00 ± .25mm 11.00 ± .25mm

CM4 CM5 CM6 CM8 CM10

FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20 FTS20

SS SS SS SS SS

BSS BSS BSS BSS BSS

C11 C13 C16 C19 C19

FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20 FTMA20

SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG SSBG

122 N 197 N 280 N 509 N 806 N

104 N 169 N 239 N 435 N 689 N

1.0 N•M 2.0 N•M 3.4 N•M 8.1 N•M 16.1 N•M

1.2 N•M 2.4 N•M 4.0 N•M 9.8 N•M 19.4 N•M


STD ACCESSORIES DRAWN ARC CD OR SHORT CYCLE (use long-life shield)ChuckFoot

Std Spark ShieldLong-Life Spark Shield



Min Working Tensile

Flange Diameter


Up to 50mm is considered stock, beyond this is special order


Length

HA

MM

ER

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50

ThreadDiameter

OverallLength

FilletDiameter


FilletHeight

HAMMER WELD StudsMild & Stainless Steels

10-24 10-32 1/4-20 3/8-16 10-24 10-32 1/4-20 3/8-16HWC19-62 HWC19F-62 HWC25-62 HWC37-62 HWS19-62 HWS19F-62 HWS25-62 HWS37-62

Min Length .625" .625" .625" .625" .625" .625" .625" .625"

Max LengthHeight .09 ± .02" .09 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02" .09 ± .02" .09 ± .02" .12 ± .02" .14 ± .02"

Diameter .28 ± .02" .28 ± .02" .36 ± .02" .49 ± .02" .28 ± .02" .28 ± .02" .36 ± .02" .49 ± .02"

.12" .12" .12" .12" .12" .12" .12" .12"

C19 C19 C25 C31 C19 C19 C25 C31

G19 G25 G31 G37 G19 G25 G31 G37


19F 25F 31F 37F 19F 25F 31F 37F

C19 C19 C25 C31 C19 C19 C25 C31



C19 C19 C25 C31 C19 C19 C25 C31



592 lb 675 lb 1,074 lb 2,615 lb 355 lb 405 lb 644 lb 1,569 lb

506 lb 577 lb 918 lb 2,236 lb 303 lb 346 lb 551 lb 1,341 lb

22 in•lb 26 in•lb 4.5 ft•lb 16.3 ft•lb 13.0 in•lb 15.0 in•lb 2.7 ft•lb 9.8 ft•lb

27 in•lb 30.8 in•lb 5.4 ft•lb 19.6 ft•lb 16.0 in•lb 18.0 in•lb 3.3 ft•lb 11.8 ft•lb

ChuckFoot





Min Working Tensile

STANDARD ACCESSORIES FERRULE

STANDARD ACCESSORIES GAS ARC OR SHORT CYCLE GAS ARC

Example Part No.


STANDARD ACCESSORIES SHORT CYCLE

Fillet



Chuck

Grip

Foot

Ferrule

Spark Shield

Chuck

Foot

HA

MM

ER

W

EL

D

ST

UD

51

NOTES

SP

EC

IA

LT

Y

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Eye StudBent Stud

Specialty Studs are studs which have been manufactured but aren’t stock items. Mechanical dimensiondata is not given because each stud would be manufactured to customer specification.

These drawings are intended to give designers and manufacturers ideas that may generate costreductions or improvements in their own product designs.

If you see something that spurs an idea, contact your Image Sales Representative or the Factorydirectly. If you have an idea for your own style weld stud, give us a call.

Bent Collar Stud

WELD STUDS Specialty

CD Keyhole Stud

This style stud can weld to thin gage sheetmetal to provide a hanging mechanism forcomponents with traditional key style cut out.

J Stud

SP

EC

IA

LT

Y

WE

LD

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53

Square Stud


Knock Off Stud

Insulation Pins

DP Style CP StyleMin Max

DP 10 1 4 1/2

10 3/4 1012 3/4 10

Style GuageLength (inches)

CP

SP

EC

IA

LT

Y

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The Center Punch Stud has a small bump on theend to assist operators in finding center punch orwitness marks. This style stud is a derivative of theAdvanced Process (AP) style weld stud.

Grooved Stud

This stud can be used with a snap-on or push-onretaining ring. This style stud is more economicalto use than one with a cross drilled hole.

Center Punch Stud


Cross Drilled Stud

Low Profile Collar Stud

This stud provides a more substantial weld base tobetter spread the load when welded to thinner gagemetals. It also provides a smooth uniform surfaceat the base for bearing or thrust type applications.

SP

EC

IA

LT

Y

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55

C Cutout Hole Cutout Split Tine

Rectangular Studs are frequently used ashangers. Most Rectangular Studs are 1/8" thickand have no flux. The studs are welded usingthe short cycle process. Some of the largerRectangular Studs are 1/4" thick and fluxed.


Rectangular Stud

Image manufactures military style studs whichincludes, but is not limited to, Annular Ringand Notched End CD Studs.

Annular Ring CD Studs

CD Collar Stud

SP

EC

IA

LT

Y

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Wire Tie Down Stud

As shipped beforewelding

Nylon 6/6 NBS Smoke Generation

Nylon 6/6 Temperature Index

Nylon Wire Tie Mechanical Dimensions

Nylon 6/6 Properties

As installed afterextension is broken off

Inch mmHeight 0.390 9.90Length 0.875 22.22Width 0.625 15.87Slot Height 0.090 2.29Slot Width 0.325 8.26

Temperature IndexMinimum Thickness

Electrical (°C)Mechanical w/o

Impact (°C)Hot Wire Ignition

(sec)0.028 125 65 11.80.058 125 85 15.0

Specific Optical DensitySample

ThicknessUL

FlammabilityEnergy Source

at Maximum Smoke Accumulation

at 2 Minutes

1/16" 94 V-2Radiant

(2.5 watts/sq cm)13 0

1/8" 94 V-2Radiant Plus

Flaming Gas Jets26 1

PropertyASTM

MethodTest Condition Units Nylon 6/6

Tensile Strength D638 +73°F; 50% RH kpsi 11.2Elongation at Break D638 +73°F; 50% RH % >= 300Yield Strength D639 +73°F; 50% RH kpsi 8.5Shear Strength D732 Dry as Molded (DAM) kpsi 9.6Deformation under load D621 2,000 psi; +122°F; DAM % 1.4IZOD Impact D256 +73°F; 50% RH ft lb/in 2.1Tensile Impact Strength D1822 +73°F; Long Specimen;DAM ft lb/in 240Melting Point D789 Fisher-Johns °F 491Thermal Linear Expansion D696 DAM in/in/°F TBDThermal Conductivity -- DAM Conche-Fitch BTU-in/h•ft•° F 1.7Brittleness Temperature D746 50% RH °F -85Oxygen Index D2863 DAM %O 28Oxygen Index D2864 50% RH %O 31UL Flammability UL 94 DAM -- V-2UL Flammability UL 95 50% RH -- V-2

Part Number: ASSY-WIRETYE

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Retaining Stud

Material: 302 HQ Stainless SteelUltimate Tensile 85 KPSI

Chemistry (%)

The Wire Tie Down Stud was designed specifically forquick and rugged wire management. Because this studis welded in place, there are no holes to drill and noscrews to loosen. With weld times in the millisecondrange, these wire ties install in a snap. Pull off exceedsthe capability of a typical 3/16” nylon tie strap.

INSTALLATION PROCEDURE:A) Insert the stud extension into the stud chuck.B) Position tie down against the work and pull the

trigger.C) Remove the gun from the stud.D) Break off the extension with a pair of pliers.

NOTE: The retainer stud finishes below the surfaceof the nylon for a smooth, non abrasivesurface.

Material data as provided by our suppliers


Wire Tie Down Stud

As shipped beforewelding

As installed afterextension is broken off

C 0.017 Mn 0.83 P 0.024S 0.001 Si 0.32 Co TraceCr 17.5 Ni 9.54 N PPM 155Mo 0.05 Cu 3.07 Fe Remainder

CO

LD

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OD

UC

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This pin is welded onto an enclosure and acts asthe pivot pin in a hinge assembly. This part hasreplaced a screw machined item which is providingour customer with a substantial savings.

Insulation Cap

This is a cold formed, one piece cap which meetsmilitary specification. This cap then snaps ontoannular ring studs shown in specialty studs.

Double Ended Stud

This section covers other products that Image Industries has manufactured. None of these productsuse the stud welding process, but many are welded in place.

Cold Forming has advantages over the Screw Machining Process. First, screw machining is a cuttingprocess which removes material, cold forming forms the part to shape so no material is wasted. Thiscan result in tremendous cost savings. Second, screw machine is a slower process than forming.Forming produces more parts per hour which also leads to lower costs. Finally, cutting interrupts thematerial grain flow which can lead to a weaker component. Forming causes the grains to flow with thecontour of the part for superior performance.

Limitless number of shapes can be produced via cold forming. The possibilities are only limited by ourimaginations. The following drawings are small number of samples to show the range of possibilities.

Image Industries can manufacture double endedstuds to customer specification. Image does notscrew machine double ended studs. Rather, we formthe mid section and roll the threads. This is a fasterproduction method and since there is no cutting,there is no scrap. This manufacturing method canoften prove to be more economical and produceshigher quality threads.

COLD FORMED Products

Hinge Pin

CO

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OR

ME

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OD

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Axle Pulley Pin

This example shows how one “blank” can produceseveral parts. One customer was machiningspecialty 1/2-13 bolts out of 1" diameter stainlesssteel stock. By using a common blank they wereable to produce eleven different specialty bolts withless scrap and less machining. Plus the customerpicked up the added benefit of rolled threads.

Universal Blank

Short PentaHead with Cross

Drilled HoleMedium Hex

Head with Washer

Long Penta Headwith Cross DrilledHole and Washer


Specialty Bolts

Custom Pin

CO

LD

F

OR

ME

D

PR

OD

UC

TS

60


Resistance Weld Stud T3

Custom Resistance Stud Weld

ProjectionHeight

HeadHeight

HeadRadius

FilletRadius

LengthLocatingCircle

HeadDiameter

ProjectionDiameter

120˚ REF

CO

LD

F

OR

ME

D

PR

OD

UC

TS

61


Resistance Weld Stud U3

ProjectionHeight

FilletRadius

LengthHeadHeight Locating

Circle

HeadDiameter

ProjectionDiameter

120˚ REF

Head Radius

Custom Resistance Weld Stud

Image produces resistance weld studs to IndustrialFastener Institute (IFI) standards or we can docustom resistance weld products to your ownspecifications.

CO

LD

F

OR

ME

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OD

UC

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62

Pinion Shaft

Resistance Weld

Upset Weld

Blade Rivet

Blade

This is a one piece component with three differentdiameters and a complex gear.

This component uses cold forming but is of interestdue to it’s small size (approximately .170” diameterby .200” long).

Though Image doesn’t ordinarily perform stampingoperations, we did this piece in-house in multiplelengths in order to meet our customer’s stringentrequirements.

Image can also perform assembly operations tomeet the needs your product needs. In this example,three different pieces (all manufactured by Image)are assembled using two different weldingprocesses.


Multiple Component Assembly

Final Assembly

Assembly Designed and Manufactured to meet NSF Standards

CO

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Multiple Component Forming

In this example, one customer was taking threadedrod and welding a nut and a washer with thenecessary spacing. Image proposed to form thisas one complete part. The result was a better lookingpart that is stronger and offers better quality. As abonus, because the welding operation was deleted,the part also cost less.

FE

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64

P Ferrules are used when the weld base is equal to the pitch diameter of the fastener.Typically only used on PD Style studs.

FERRULE Specifications

Full Diameter Ferrules

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight

Through HoleDiameter

FilletDiameter

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight


FilletDiameter

F Ferrules, sometimes referred to as flat ferrules are used any time the weld base is anominal diameter. Used on FT, NT, FB, SB, TP, HA, SC Style studs

Pitch Diameter Ferrules

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

25F .255 .380 .455 .390 .125 .330 .12531F .317 .445 .578 .390 .156 .406 .12537F .385 .505 .640 .390 .156 .468 .14143F .442 .585 .703 .422 .188 .546 .15650F .505 .650 .795 .438 .188 .603 .17262F .635 .785 1.040 .516 .188 .745 .250

75F .800 1.030 1.232 .656 .188 .937+.020/-.000

.315

87F .906 1.210 1.430 .732 .188 1.052 .3901F 1.030 1.406 1.620 .770 .188 1.220 .390

M10F .410 .495 .650 .395 .150 .455 .135

Ferrule Part

Number

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

25P .222 .380 .455 .250 .125 .290 .11031P .280 .445 .535 .250 .125 .360 .12537P .340 .505 .595 .264 .125 .406 .12543P .395 .585 .675 .329 .156 .468 .14250P .462 .650 .740 .362 .156 .550 .17262P .580 .785 .905 .433 .156 .685 .17275P .695 1.030 1.150 .526 .187 .813 .25087P .815 1.210 1.330 .593 .187 .960 .2501P .955 .1410 1.525 .660 .190 1.105 .355

Ferrule Part

Number

Ferrules serve multiple purposes in stud welding. First, the ferrule helps to shield the arc from theoperator. Second, it minimizes the atmosphere that the flux must purge. Third, the ferrule formsthe molten metal into the fillet. Finally, the fillet vents allow weld gases to escape.

Ferrules are disposable items. As disposable items they are mass manufactured quickly andinexpensively. Ferrules are cast in a mold out of a low grade moldable ceramic. They are taken outof the mold and are dried. Because of this manufacturing method, ferrule tolerances can be greaterthan machining or other manufacturing processes. Therefore, it is not recommended to fixture offof a ferrule when exact location is required.

FE

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C Ferrules are typically used when welding CL (Collar) Style Studs. The large diameterof the ferrule allows the collar of the stud to clear the ferrule grip and foot.

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight

Through HoleDiameterFillet

Diameter

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight


FilletDiameter

Reduced Fillet Ferrules

Collar Ferrules

Reduced fillet ferrules are used when the fillet needs to be smaller than a standard Fferrule can provide. Note: This style ferrule is generally not recommended because thewelding parameters have a narrower range to achieve acceptable results. This type offerrule makes welding more difficult.


Low Profile Ferrules

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight


FilletDiameter

L Ferrules are used when the stud length is too short for a standard F type ferrule.

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

25L .255 .380 .455 .250 .125 .330 .12531L .317 .445 .595 .250 .125 .406 .12537L .395 .505 .640 .273 .120 .468 .115

Ferrule Part

Number

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

25C .240 .780 .860 .250 .125 .300 .11831C .290 .785 .875 .250 .125 .360 .12537C .340 .785 .875 .250 .125 .437 .12550C .462 1.030 1.203 .281 .156 .593 .15062C .568 1.190 1.312 .375 .156 .689 .156

M10C .375 1.030 1.203 .281 .156 .420 .150

Ferrule Part

Number

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

31RF .325 .444 .576 .389 .156 .379 .13037RF .385 .505 .644 .440 .156 .420 .15650RF .515 .650 .795 .470 .188 .570 .175

Ferrule Part

Number

FE

RR

UL

ES

66

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight


FilletDiameter

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

+.015/-.000 ±.010 ±.015 ±.015 ±.015 +.015/-.000 +.015/-.000

25T .255 .380 .455 .390 .125 .255 N/A31T .317 .445 .578 .390 .156 .317 N/A37T .385 .505 .640 .390 .156 .385 N/A43T .442 .585 .703 .422 .188 .442 N/A50T .505 .650 .795 .438 .188 .505 N/A62T .635 .785 1.040 .516 .188 .635 N/A75T .800 1.030 1.232 .656 .188 .800 N/A87T .906 1.210 1.430 .732 .188 .906 N/A1T 1.030 1.406 1.620 .770 .188 1.030 N/A

Ferrule Part

Number


Thru Bore Ferrules

T Ferrules are generally only used on RB (reduced base) style studs.

Reduced Base Ferrule

BaseDiameter

Over AllHeight

FilletHeight

GripDiameter

GripHeight


FilletDiameter

Ferrule Part

Number

Through Hole

Diameter

Grip Diameter

Base Diameter

Over All Height

Grip Height

Fillet Diameter

Fillet Height

37 RB .317 .505 .595 .250 .125 .406 .12543 RB .380 .585 .675 .250 .125 .468 .14150 RB .442 .650 .740 .281 .156 .546 .15062 RB .505 .785 .875 .281 .156 .603 .16075 RB .635 .921 1.030 .375 .187 .770 .250

Reduced Base Ferrules are generally only used on RB (reduced base) style studs. Seethe Reduced Base Stud section of this catalog to determine whether to use a T or a RBstyle ferrule.

Custom Ferrules can be manufactured forspecialized applications. Consult your ImageRepresentative or the Factory.

FE

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NOTES

68

TA

BL

ES

& O

T H

E R

I N

F O

R M

A T

I O

NTABLES & OTHER InformationNelson Part Name Conversions

IMAGE Description NELSON

AR Annular Ring Stud N3PCR Bent Collar Stud B5BF Bent Stud B4CL Collar Stud CKLDA Deformed Anchor D2LEB Eye Bolt Stud E2FB Full Base Stud HBLFT Full Thread Stud CFLHA Headed Anchor Stud H4LJ2 J Bolt Stud J2NT No Thread Stud NBLDP Double Pointed Insulation Stud P2PPD Pitch Diameter Stud CPLRT Rectangular Split Stud (2 Tines) R2RC Rectangular Stud with a "C" Slot R6PRH Rectangular Stud with a hole R7PRB Reduced Base Stud CDRT Rectangular Split Stud (2 tines) unknownRW Resistance Weld Stud Not AvailS4 Y Refractory Anchor S4XSB Shoulder Base Stud SBLSC Shear Connector Stud S3LST Steer Horn Refractory Anchor S7XTP Internally Tapped TBRT Tapped Reduced Base Stud S6LWP Weld to Plate Stud W3

APA Aluminum Stored Arc Stud ATAAPC Mild Steel Stored Arc Stud ATCAPS Stainless Steel Stored Arc Stud ATSBF Big Flange TFTB

CDA Aluminum Capacitor Discharge Stud TFTACDB Brass Capacitor Discharge Stud Not AvailCDC Mild Steel Capacitor Discharge Stud TFTC

CDC NF Mild Steel No Flange CD Stud TUTCCPC Mild Steel CD pin TPCCDS Stainless Steel Capacitor Discharge Stud TFTS

CDS NF Stainless Steel No Flange CD Stud TUTSCHC Cup Head Pin CHP

Conversion Table for Standard Drawn Arc Stud Names

Conversion Table for Capacitor Discharge Stud Names

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TABLES & OTHER Information

Building Part Numbers

Stud StyleAP Advanced ProcessCD Capacitor DischargeCN CD No ThreadFB Full BaseFT Full ThreadHA Headed AnchorHW Hammer WeldNT No ThreadPD Pitch DiameterRB Reduced BaseSC Shear Connector

MaterialA AluminumB BrassC Low Carbon SteelS Stainless Steel 302/304S6 Stainless Steel 316

Fastener Diameter11 #4-4013 #6-3216 #8-3219 #10-2419F #10-3225 1/4, 1/4-2031 5/16, 5/16-1837 3/8, 3/8-1643 7/16, 7/16-1450 1/2, 1/2-1362 5/8, 5/8-1175 3/4, 3/4-1087 7/8, 7/8-94 4mm, 4-.45 5mm, 5-.86 6mm, 6-1.08 8mm, 8-1.2510 10mm, 10-1.50

Fastener Length25 0.250"37 0.375"50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"87 0.875"1 1.000"112 1.125"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

SuffixA AnnealedCP Center PunchKO Knock OffMF Mini-FlangedNF Non-FlangedNP Nickel PlateZCP Zinc Clear PlateZYP Zinc Yellow Plate

P D C 3 7 - 1 5 0

C L C 3 3 5 0 - 3 7 6 2

Stud StyleCL Drawn Arc CollarCC CD CollarCR Right Angle Collar

TP Tapped PadRT Reduced Base

Tapped

SB Shoulder Base




Base Diameter21 0.215"27 0.275"33 0.330"35 0.350"44 0.440"

Base Diameter19 0.190"25 0.250"31 0.313"37 0.375"50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"87 0.875"1 1.000"6 6 mm8 8 mm10 10 mm

Base Diameter19 0.190"25 0.250"31 0.313"37 0.375"50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"87 0.875"1 1.000"6 6 mm8 8 mm10 10 mm

Thread Dia25 1/4-2031 5/16-1837 3/8-1643 7/16-1450 1/2-135 5-6 6-1.08 8-1.2510 10-1.50

Tap Thread25 1/4-2031 5/16-1837 3/8-1643 7/16-1450 1/2-134 4-0.75 5-0.86 6-1.08 8-1.2510 10-1.50

Threaded ExtDiameter25 1/4-2031 5/16-1837 3/8-1643 7/16-1450 1/2-134 4-0.75 5-0.86 6-1.08 8-1.2510 10-1.50

SuffixA AnnealedCP Center PunchMF Mini-FlangedNF Non-FlangedNP Nickel PlateZCP Zinc Clear PlateZYP Zinc Yellow Plate



Base Length InclCollar Thickness50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"1 1.000"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

Base Length50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"1 1.000"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

Base Length50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"1 1.000"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

ThreadLength50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"1 1.000"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

Tap Depth25 0.250"31 0.313"37 0.375"50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"87 0.875"1 1.000"

Thread Length50 0.500"62 0.625"75 0.750"1 1.000"125 1.250"150 1.500"2 2.000"

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N When arc studs are welded, the excess material forms a fillet around the base of the stud. If aferrule is used, the fillet formation can be controlled. Because the diameter of the fillet isgenerally larger than the diameter of the stud it is necessary to account for this in the design ofmating parts. Below are some common methods of design considerations to accomodate theweld fillet:

(A) Dog Clamp (B) Oversize Clearance Hole (C) Gasket Material

Another choice is to select Reduced Base Weld Studs (RB Studs).While this will resolve many mating part clearance problems, theshear and tensile strength are reduced. Additionally, RB style studsare more expensive due to additional manufacturing steps.

A

B

A B1/4 0.437 0.1255/16 0.500 0.1253/8 0.593 0.1257/16 0.656 0.1871/2 0.750 0.1875/8 0.875 0.2183/4 1.125 0.312

Counter BoreStud Size

Accommodating Fillets with Counter Bores / Counter Sinks

Accommodating Fillets with Reduced Base Weld Studs


Accommodating Fillets without Machining

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Locating Studs with Ferrule Template

Locating Studs with Template Adapters

TemplateSpacer

Template

Non MetalicBushing

Template Tube Adapter orTeflon Tube Adapter

3/4 - 1"

Spark Shield

Many customers can take advantage of centerpunch marks from a turret press. When usingStandard Drawn Arc Studs, the flux ball willtypically fall into the center punch mark. Whenusing short cycle or gas arc welding, Imagecan provide a special Center Punch Stud. TheCenter Punch stud is engineered with a specialtip to assist in locating the center punch mark.This method will not work with CapacitorDischarge (CD) welding.

This is a quick and easy template method, though location is notextremely precise. Many customers have the templateprogrammed into a turret press or plasma/laser cutter for quickreplacements. The template is typically made from 3/32 to 3/16”thick steel or aluminum. Spacers (minimum of .09) are requiredfor venting weld gasses. The template hole size should equal themaximum ferrule outside diameter plus 0.03”. Tolerance on ferruleoutside diameter is ±0.015. This means that the final tolerancecould be as much as ±0.030.

This method provides accurate & repeatable stud location. Locationaccuracy of ±.005 is possible using this method. Spacers(minimum of .09) are required for venting weld gasses.

Bushings should be made from a non-metallicmaterial to minimize the effects of arc blow. ForStandard Drawn Arc Studs, the bushing is sizedfor a Template Tube Adapter or for a Teflon TubeAdapter. When welding with a Gas Arc, ShortCycle or CD process the bushing is sized for aSpark Shield. Contact your Image SalesRepresentative or the Factory directly for Bushingsize.

The template should be approximately 1 inch tall. The thicker template/bushing can help to ensure that the operatorinstalls the stud in a perpendicular fashion.

If even better location methods are required, Image manufactures production guns and autofeed guns which can be mounted toprecision fixtures and slides. These guns offer strict tolerances for exceptional accuracy. For more information on these piecesof equipment contact Image.

Standard Drawn Arc Gas Arc / Short Cycle

Standard Drawn Arc Gas Arc / Short Cycle / CD


Locating Studs with Center Punch Marks

Drawn Arc Stud

Ferrule Spark Shield

Work

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NTABLES & OTHER Information

Mechanical Data - Mild Steel

Low Carbon C1008/C1010/C1018 ASTM A307 Thread Class UN-2A

PTMc UTS YTS90% YTM UTM•SAT YTM•SAT

FastenerNominal Diameter

(in)

Threads per Inch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(in)

Calculated Minor

Diameter(in)

Calculated Stress Area Full Body

(in2)

Calculated Stress Area

Pitch

(in2)


Threads

(in2)

Material Ultimate Tensile Strength

Min (PSI)

Material Yield Tensile

Strength Min (PSI)

Material Proof Tensile

Strength Min (PSI)

Fastener Thread Ultimate Tensile

Strength Min (lbs)

Fastener Thread Yield Strength Min

(lbs)

#4-40 0.110 40 0.094 0.078 0.0095 0.0069 0.0058 55,000 50,000 45,000 317 288

#6-32 0.138 32 0.118 0.097 0.0150 0.0109 0.0091 55,000 50,000 45,000 500 454

#8-32 0.164 32 0.144 0.123 0.0211 0.0162 0.0140 55,000 50,000 45,000 770 700

#10-32 0.190 32 0.170 0.149 0.0284 0.0226 0.0200 55,000 50,000 45,000 1,100 1,000

#10-24 0.190 24 0.163 0.136 0.0284 0.0209 0.0175 55,000 50,000 45,000 964 877

1/4-20 0.250 20 0.218 0.185 0.0491 0.0372 0.0318 55,000 50,000 45,000 1,750 1,591

5/16-18 0.313 18 0.276 0.240 0.0767 0.0600 0.0524 55,000 50,000 45,000 2,884 2,622

3/8-16 0.375 16 0.334 0.294 0.1104 0.0878 0.0775 55,000 50,000 45,000 4,262 3,875

7/16-14 0.438 14 0.391 0.345 0.1503 0.1201 0.1063 55,000 50,000 45,000 5,847 5,315

1/2-13 0.500 13 0.450 0.400 0.1963 0.1591 0.1419 55,000 50,000 45,000 7,804 7,095

5/8-11 0.625 11 0.566 0.507 0.3068 0.2516 0.2260 55,000 50,000 45,000 12,430 11,300

3/4-10 0.750 10 0.685 0.620 0.4418 0.3686 0.3345 55,000 50,000 45,000 18,395 16,723

7/8-9 0.875 9 0.803 0.731 0.6013 0.5062 0.4617 55,000 50,000 45,000 25,395 23,087

1-8 1.000 8 0.919 0.838 0.7854 0.6630 0.6057 55,000 50,000 45,000 33,316 30,287

PL PRd PPe TR TP TUg YSMh YSF YSP YST YTFPTM•SAT 75% PL 90% PL FC•PR•ND FC•PP•ND FC•UTS•ND 0.577•YTM YSM•SAF YSM•SAP YSM•SAT YTM•SAF

FastenerFastener

Proof Load(lbs)

Fastener Preload Reused

(lbs)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(lbs)

Friction Coefficient

Torque Reused(in•lb)

Working Torque

Torque Permanent

(in•lb)Yield Torque

Torque Ultimate

(in•lb)

Material Yield Shearing Stress

Min (PSI)

Fastener Full Body Yield

Shear Min (lbs)

Fastener Pitch Yield Shear Min

(lbs)

Fastener Thread Yield Shear Min

(lbs)


Tensile Strength Min

(lbs)

#4-40 259 194 233 0.2 4 5.1 7.0 28,850 274 199 166 475

#6-32 409 307 368 0.2 8 10.2 13.8 28,850 432 314 262 748

#8-32 630 473 567 0.2 16 18.6 25.3 28,850 609 468 404 1,056

#10-32 900 675 810 0.2 26 30.8 41.8 28,850 818 653 577 1,418

#10-24 789 592 710 0.2 22 27.0 36.6 28,850 818 602 506 1,418

1/4-20 1,432 1,074 1,289 0.2 54 64.4 87.5 28,850 1,416 1,072 918 2,454

5/16-18 2,359 1,770 2,123 0.2 111 132.7 180.2 28,850 2,213 1,731 1,513 3,835

3/8-16 3,487 2,615 3,138 0.2 196 235.4 319.6 28,850 3,186 2,534 2,236 5,522

7/16-14 4,784 3,588 4,306 0.2 314 376.7 511.6 28,850 4,337 3,466 3,067 7,517

1/2-13 6,385 4,789 5,747 0.2 479 574.7 780.4 28,850 5,665 4,589 4,094 9,817

5/8-11 10,170 7,628 9,153 0.2 953 1,144.1 1,553.8 28,850 8,851 7,258 6,520 15,340

3/4-10 15,051 11,288 13,546 0.2 1,693 2,031.9 2,759.3 28,850 12,746 10,634 9,649 22,089

7/8-9 20,778 15,584 18,700 0.2 2,727 3,272.6 4,444.2 28,850 17,348 14,604 13,321 30,066

1-8 27,259 20,444 24,533 0.2 4,089 4,906.6 6,663.2 28,850 22,659 19,129 17,476 39,270

FCf

PD MD SAF

Tensile, Torque and Shear Calculations for Standard Number and Fractional Thread Sizes

SAP SATa UTMb YTMbND TPI

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Mechanical Data - Metric - Mild Steel

Low Carbon C1008/C1010/C1018 ASTM F568 Thread Class 6g Property Class 4.6



(mm)Pitch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(mm)

Calculated minor

Diameter(mm)


(mm2)


Pitch

(mm2)


Threads

(mm2)


Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)

Fastener Ultimate Tensile Strength

Min (N)


(N)

4mm - 0.7 4.00 0.7 3.55 3.14 12.566 9.872 8.779 378 344 309 332 302

5mm - 0.8 5.000 0.8 4.480 4.019 19.6350 15.7660 14.1825 378 344 309 536 487

6mm - 1.0 6.00 1 5.35 4.77 28.274 22.484 20.123 378 344 309 761 691

8mm - 1.25 8.000 1.25 7.188 6.466 50.2655 40.5806 36.6085 378 344 309 1,384 1,258

10mm - 1.50 10.00 1.5 9.03 8.16 78.540 63.981 57.990 378 344 309 2,192 1,992


FastenerFastener

Proof Load(N)


(N)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(N)


Torque Reused(N•M)

Torque Permanent

(N•M)

Torque Ultimate

(N•M)


Min (Mpa)


Shear Min (N)


(N)


(N)



(N)

4mm - 0.7 271 204 244 0.2 1.6 2.0 2.7 198 249 196 174 432

5mm - 0.8 438 329 395 0.2 3.3 3.9 5.4 198 389 312 281 674

6mm - 1.0 622 467 560 0.2 5.6 6.7 9.1 198 560 446 399 971

8mm - 1.25 1,132 849 1,019 0.2 13.6 16.3 22.1 198 996 804 726 1,727

10mm - 1.50 1,793 1,345 1,613 0.2 26.9 32.3 43.8 198 1,557 1,268 1,149 2,698

Notes:

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

Source: "Mechanical Engineering Design", 5th ed.; Shigley and Mischke, McGraw Hill, C1989.

CAUTION:

Using the distortion-energy theory; Maximum Shear Stress equals .577 times the Maximum Tensile.

Fasteners should not be used at their tensile or shear limits. A safety factor must be applied to engineering calculations. The particular safety factor will vary depending on the application. The end user will choose the safety factor for his/her application.

Preload for reuse of threaded fastener is 75% of Proof Load. Fastener may be rebolted multiple times with no degradation.

Preload for permanent installation of fastener is 90% of Proof Load. Fastener is permanently stretched and will not achieve the same clamping force on reuse.

Friction Coefficient will vary greatly depending on bolting conditions including lubrication. 0.2 is standard when bolt condition is plain finish or unknown.

Ultimate Torque is not useful in designing a bolted joint. Preloaded torque is more practical. This data is provided as a reference only.

Data provided by our suppliers

ND P PD MD SAP SATa UTMb YTMb

Tensile, Torque and Shear Calculations for Metric Thread Sizes

FCf

SAF

Stress area for the treads is calculated on an area approximately half way between the root diameter and pitch diameter. This more closely reflects actual results versus using root diameter for stress area calculations

Proof Tensile is estimated to be 90% of Yield Tensile when Proof Tensile data is not readily available.

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Mechanical Data - Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel 302/302HQ/304 ASTM F593 Thread Class UN-2A



(in)

Threads per Inch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(in)

Calculated Minor

Diameter(in)


(in2)


Pitch

(in2)


Threads

(in2)


Min (PSI)


Strength Min (PSI)


Strength Min (PSI)


Strength Min (lbs)


(lbs)

#4-40 0.110 40 0.094 0.078 0.0095 0.0069 0.0058 75,000 30,000 27,000 432 173

#6-32 0.138 32 0.118 0.097 0.0150 0.0109 0.0091 75,000 30,000 27,000 681 273

#8-32 0.164 32 0.144 0.123 0.0211 0.0162 0.0140 75,000 30,000 27,000 1,051 420

#10-32 0.190 32 0.170 0.149 0.0284 0.0226 0.0200 75,000 30,000 27,000 1,500 600

#10-24 0.190 24 0.163 0.136 0.0284 0.0209 0.0175 75,000 30,000 27,000 1,315 526

1/4-20 0.250 20 0.218 0.185 0.0491 0.0372 0.0318 75,000 30,000 27,000 2,387 955

5/16-18 0.313 18 0.276 0.240 0.0767 0.0600 0.0524 75,000 30,000 27,000 3,932 1,573

3/8-16 0.375 16 0.334 0.294 0.1104 0.0878 0.0775 75,000 30,000 27,000 5,812 2,325

7/16-14 0.438 14 0.391 0.345 0.1503 0.1201 0.1063 75,000 30,000 27,000 7,973 3,189

1/2-13 0.500 13 0.450 0.400 0.1963 0.1591 0.1419 75,000 30,000 27,000 10,642 4,257

5/8-11 0.625 11 0.566 0.507 0.3068 0.2516 0.2260 75,000 30,000 27,000 16,950 6,780

3/4-10 0.750 10 0.685 0.620 0.4418 0.3686 0.3345 75,000 30,000 27,000 25,085 10,034

7/8-9 0.875 9 0.803 0.731 0.6013 0.5062 0.4617 75,000 30,000 27,000 34,630 13,852

1-8 1.000 8 0.919 0.838 0.7854 0.6630 0.6057 75,000 30,000 27,000 45,431 18,172


FastenerFastener

Proof Load(lbs)


(lbs)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(lbs)



Torque Permanent

(in•lb)

Torque Ultimate

(in•lb)


Min (PSI)


Shear Min (lbs)


(lbs)


(lbs)



(lbs)

#4-40 156 117 140 0.2 3 3 9.5 17,310 165 120 100 285

#6-32 245 184 221 0.2 5 6 18.8 17,310 259 188 157 449

#8-32 378 284 340 0.2 9 11 34.5 17,310 366 281 242 634

#10-32 540 405 486 0.2 15 18 57.0 17,310 491 392 346 851

#10-24 473 355 426 0.2 13 16 50.0 17,310 491 361 303 851

1/4-20 859 644 773 0.2 32 39 119.3 17,310 850 643 551 1,473

5/16-18 1,416 1,062 1,274 0.2 66 80 245.8 17,310 1,328 1,039 908 2,301

3/8-16 2,092 1,569 1,883 0.2 118 141 435.9 17,310 1,912 1,520 1,341 3,313

7/16-14 2,870 2,153 2,583 0.2 188 226 697.7 17,310 2,602 2,080 1,840 4,510

1/2-13 3,831 2,873 3,448 0.2 287 345 1,064.2 17,310 3,399 2,753 2,456 5,890

5/8-11 6,102 4,577 5,492 0.2 572 686 2,118.8 17,310 5,311 4,355 3,912 9,204

3/4-10 9,030 6,773 8,127 0.2 1,016 1,219 3,762.7 17,310 7,647 6,380 5,790 13,254

7/8-9 12,467 9,350 11,220 0.2 1,636 1,964 6,060.3 17,310 10,409 8,763 7,993 18,040

1-8 16,355 12,266 14,720 0.2 2,453 2,944 9,086.2 17,310 13,595 11,477 10,485 23,562


PD MD YTMb

FCf

SAF SAP SATa UTMbND TPI

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Mechanical Data - Metric - Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel 302/302HQ/304 ASTM F738 Thread Class 6g Property Class 4.6 Elongation 20%



(mm)Pitch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(mm)

Calculated minor

Diameter(mm)


(mm2)


Pitch

(mm2)


Threads

(mm2)


Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)


Min (N)


(N)

4mm - 0.7 4.00 0.7 3.55 3.14 12.566 9.872 8.779 515 206 185 452 181

5mm - 0.8 5.000 0.8 4.480 4.019 19.6350 15.7660 14.1825 515 206 185 730 292

6mm - 1.0 6.00 1 5.35 4.77 28.274 22.484 20.123 515 206 185 1,036 415

8mm - 1.25 8.000 1.25 7.188 6.466 50.2655 40.5806 36.6085 515 206 185 1,885 754

10mm - 1.50 10.00 1.5 9.03 8.16 78.540 63.981 57.990 515 206 185 2,986 1,195


FastenerFastener

Proof Load(N)


(N)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(N)



Torque Permanent

(N•M)

Torque Ultimate

(N•M)


Min (Mpa)


Shear Min (N)


(N)


(N)



(N)

4mm - 0.7 163 122 146 0.2 1.0 1.2 3.6 119 149 117 104 259

5mm - 0.8 263 197 237 0.2 2.0 2.4 7.3 119 233 187 169 404

6mm - 1.0 373 280 336 0.2 3.4 4.0 12.4 119 336 267 239 582

8mm - 1.25 679 509 611 0.2 8.1 9.8 30.2 119 597 482 435 1,035

10mm - 1.50 1,075 806 968 0.2 16.1 19.4 59.7 119 934 760 689 1,618

Notes:

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h


CAUTION:





ND TPI PD MD SAF SAP SATa




UTMb YTMb

FCf




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Mechanical Data - Aluminum

Aluminum 5356 Thread Class UN-2A



(in)

Threads per Inch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(in)

Calculated Minor

Diameter(in)


(in2)


Pitch

(in2)


Threads

(in2)


Min (PSI)


Strength Min (PSI)


Strength Min (PSI)


Strength Min (lbs)


(lbs)

#4-40 0.110 40 0.094 0.078 0.0095 0.0069 0.0058 45,000 25,000 22,500 259 144

#6-32 0.138 32 0.118 0.097 0.0150 0.0109 0.0091 45,000 25,000 22,500 409 227

#8-32 0.164 32 0.144 0.123 0.0211 0.0162 0.0140 45,000 25,000 22,500 630 350

#10-32 0.190 32 0.170 0.149 0.0284 0.0226 0.0200 45,000 25,000 22,500 900 500

#10-24 0.190 24 0.163 0.136 0.0284 0.0209 0.0175 45,000 25,000 22,500 789 438

1/4-20 0.250 20 0.218 0.185 0.0491 0.0372 0.0318 45,000 25,000 22,500 1,432 796

5/16-18 0.313 18 0.276 0.240 0.0767 0.0600 0.0524 45,000 25,000 22,500 2,359 1,311

3/8-16 0.375 16 0.334 0.294 0.1104 0.0878 0.0775 45,000 25,000 22,500 3,487 1,937

7/16-14 0.438 14 0.391 0.345 0.1503 0.1201 0.1063 45,000 25,000 22,500 4,784 2,658

1/2-13 0.500 13 0.450 0.400 0.1963 0.1591 0.1419 45,000 25,000 22,500 6,385 3,547

5/8-11 0.625 11 0.566 0.507 0.3068 0.2516 0.2260 45,000 25,000 22,500 10,170 5,650

3/4-10 0.750 10 0.685 0.620 0.4418 0.3686 0.3345 45,000 25,000 22,500 15,051 8,362

7/8-9 0.875 9 0.803 0.731 0.6013 0.5062 0.4617 45,000 25,000 22,500 20,778 11,543


FastenerFastener

Proof Load(lbs)


(lbs)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(lbs)



Torque Permanent

(in•lb)

Torque Ultimate

(in•lb)


Min (PSI)


Shear Min (lbs)


(lbs)


(lbs)



(lbs)

#4-40 130 97 117 0.2 2 3 6 14,425 137 100 83 238

#6-32 204 153 184 0.2 4 5 11 14,425 216 157 131 374

#8-32 315 236 284 0.2 8 9 21 14,425 305 234 202 528

#10-32 450 337 405 0.2 13 15 34 14,425 409 326 288 709

#10-24 394 296 355 0.2 11 13 30 14,425 409 301 253 709

1/4-20 716 537 644 0.2 27 32 72 14,425 708 536 459 1,227

5/16-18 1,180 885 1,062 0.2 55 66 147 14,425 1,106 866 756 1,917

3/8-16 1,744 1,308 1,569 0.2 98 118 262 14,425 1,593 1,267 1,118 2,761

7/16-14 2,392 1,794 2,153 0.2 157 188 419 14,425 2,169 1,733 1,534 3,758

1/2-13 3,193 2,395 2,873 0.2 239 287 639 14,425 2,832 2,295 2,047 4,909

5/8-11 5,085 3,814 4,577 0.2 477 572 1,271 14,425 4,426 3,629 3,260 7,670

3/4-10 7,525 5,644 6,773 0.2 847 1,016 2,258 14,425 6,373 5,317 4,825 11,045

7/8-9 10,389 7,792 9,350 0.2 1,364 1,636 3,636 14,425 8,674 7,302 6,661 15,033


FCf

ND TPI PD MD SAF SAP SATa UTMb YTMb

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Mechanical Data -Metric - Aluminum

Aluminum 5356 Thread Class 6g Property Class 4.6 Elongation 20%



(mm)Pitch

Calculated Pitch

Diameter(mm)

Calculated minor

Diameter(mm)


(mm2)


Pitch

(mm2)


Threads

(mm2)


Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)


Strength Min (MPa)


Min (N)


(N)

4mm - 0.7 4.00 0.7 3.55 3.14 12.566 9.872 8.779 310 172 155 272 151

5mm - 0.8 5.000 0.8 4.480 4.019 19.6350 15.7660 14.1825 310 172 155 440 244

6mm - 1.0 6.00 1 5.35 4.77 28.274 22.484 20.123 310 172 155 624 346

8mm - 1.25 8.000 1.25 7.188 6.466 50.2655 40.5806 36.6085 310 172 155 1,135 630

10mm - 1.50 10.00 1.5 9.03 8.16 78.540 63.981 57.990 310 172 155 1,798 997


FastenerFastener

Proof Load(N)


(N)

Fastener Preload

Permanent(N)



Torque Permanent

(N•M)

Torque Ultimate

(N•M)


Min (Mpa)


Shear Min (N)


(N)


(N)



(N)

4mm - 0.7 136 102 122 0.2 0.8 1.0 2.2 99 125 98 87 216

5mm - 0.8 220 165 198 0.2 1.6 2.0 4.4 99 195 156 141 338

6mm - 1.0 312 234 280 0.2 2.8 3.4 7.5 99 281 223 200 486

8mm - 1.25 567 425 510 0.2 6.8 8.2 18.2 99 499 403 363 865

10mm - 1.50 898 673 808 0.2 13.5 16.2 36.0 99 779 635 576 1,351

Notes:

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h


CAUTION:










YTMb

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U.S. Thread Specifications

Unified External Screw ThreadsAmerican Standard ANSI B1. 1-1960Classes 2A & 3A-UNRC, UNRF, UNC, UNF

Nominal Class 2A Class 3A Nominal Class 2A Class 3A

Size & TPIPitch

DiameterMajor

DiameterPitch

DiameterMajor

DiameterSize & TPI

Pitch Diameter

Major Diameter

Pitch Diameter

Major Diameter

# 0-80.0496.0514

.0563

.0595.0506.0519

.0568

.06001/4-28

.2225

.2258.2425.2490

.2243

.2268.2435.2500

# 1-64.0603.0623

.0686

.0724.0614.0629

.0692

.07305/16-18

.2712

.2752.3026.3113

.2734

.2764.3038.3125

# 1-72.0615.0634

.0689

.0724.0626.0640

.0695

.07305/16-24

.2806

.2843.3042.3114

.2827

.2854.3053.3125

# 2-56.0717.0738

.0813

.0854.0728.0744

.0819

.08603/8-16

.3287

.3331.3643.3737

.3311

.3344.3656.3750

# 2-64.0733.0753

.0816

.0854.0744.0759

.0822

.08603/8-24

.3430

.3468.3667.3739

.3450

.3479.3678.3750

# 3-48.0825.0848

.0938

.0983.0838.0855

.0945

.09907/16-14

.3850

.3897.4258.4361

.3876

.3911.4272.4375

# 3-56.0845.0867

.0942

.0983.0858.0874

.0949

.09907/16-20

.3995

.4037.4281.4362

.4019

.4050.4294.4375

# 4-40.0925.0950

.1061

.1112.0939.0958

.1069

.11201/2-13

.4435

.4485.4876.4985

.4463

.4500.4891.5000

# 4-48.0954.0978

.1068

.1113.0967.0985

.1075

.11201/2-20

.4619

.4662.4906.4987

.4643

.4675.4919.5000

# 5-40.1054.1080

.1191

.1242.1069.1088

.1199

.12509/16-12

.5016

.5068.5495.5609

.5045

.5084.5511.5625

# 5-44.1070.1095

.1195

.1243.1083.1102

.1202

.12509/16-18

.5205

.5250.5524.5611

.5230

.5264.5538.5625

# 6-32.1141.1169

.1312

.1372.1156.1177

.1320

.13805/8-11

.5589

.5644.6113.6234

.5619

.5660.6129.6250

# 6-40.1184.1210

.1321

.1372.1198.1218

.1329

.13805/8-18

.5828

.5875.6149.6236

.5854

.5889.6163.6250

# 8-32.1399.1428

.1571

.1631.1415.1437

.1580

.16403/4-10

.6773

.6832.7353.7482

.6806

.6850.7371.7500

# 8-36.1424.1452

.1577

.1632.1439.1460

.1585

.16403/4-16

.7029

.7079.7391.7485

.7056

.7094.7406.7500

# 10-24.1586.1619

.1818

.1890.1604.1629

.1828

.19007/8-9

.7946

.8009.8592.8731

.7981

.8028.8611.8750

# 10-32.1658.1688

.1831

.1891.1674.1697

.1840

.19007/8-14

.8216

.8270.8631.8734

.8245

.8286.8647.8750

# 12-24.1845.1879

.2078

.2150.1863.1889

.2088

.21601-8

.9100

.9168.9830.9980

.9137

.9188.98501.0000

# 12-28.1886.1918

.2085

.2150.1904.1928

.2095

.21601-12

.9382

.9441.9868.9982

.9415

.9459.98861.0000

1/4-20.2127.2164

.2408

.2489.2147.2175

.2419

.2500

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Metric Thread Specifications

Unified External Screw ThreadsSO Screw Threads per R-965/1 Recommendations

Class 6g (2A Equivalent)

MM Size Millimeter Measurement Inch Measurement

O.D. PitchMajor

DiameterPitch

DiameterMinor

DiameterRequired

Blank SizeMajor

DiameterPitch

DiameterMinor

DiameterRequired

Blank Size

M1.6 0.351.4961.581

1.2911.354

1.0631.151

1.3181.338

.0589

.0622.0509.0533

.0419

.0453.0519.0527

M2 0.401.8861.981

1.6541.721

1.3941.490

1.6811.704

.0743

.0779.0652.0677

.0549

.0586.0662.0671

M2.5 0.452.3802.480

2.1172.188

1.8251.928

2.1432.172

.0938

.0976.0834.0861

.0719

.0759.0844.0855

M3 0.502.8742.980

2.5802.655

2.2562.367

2.6082.639

.1132

.1173.1016.1045

.0889

.0931.1027.1039

M3.5 0.603.3543.479

3.0043.089

2.6142.742

3.0353.061

.1321

.1369.1183.1216

.1030

.1079.1195.1205

M4 0.703.8383.978

3.4333.523

2.9793.119

3.4693.495

.1512

.1566.1352.1387

.1173

.1227.1366.1376

M5 0.804.8264.976

4.3614.456

3.8413.994

4.4064.427

.1900

.1959.1717.1754

.1513

.1572.1735.1743

M6 1.005.7945.974

5.2125.324

4.5634.747

5.2735.294

.2282

.2351.2052.2096

.1797

.1868.2077.2085

M7 1.006.7946.974

6.2126.324

5.5635.747

6.2736.294

.2675

.2754.2446.2489

.2191

.2262.2470.2478

M8 1.257.7607.972

7.0427.160

6.2316.439

7.0947.115

.3056

.3138.2773.2818

.2454

.2535.2793.2802

M10 1.009.7949.974

9.2129.324

5.8198.747

9.2559.281

.3856

.3927.3627.3671

.3353

.3444.3644.3654

M10 1.259.7609.972

9.0429.160

8.2318.439

9.0939.115

.3843

.3925.3560.3606

.3241

.3322.3580.3589

M10 1.509.7329.968

8.8628.994

7.8798.127

8.9208.943

.3832

.3924.3489.3540

.3102

.3199.3512.3521

M12 1.5011.70111.965

10.87710.991

9.54310.125

11.09411.117

.4630

.4713.4342.4393

.4023

.4109.4368.4377

M12 1.7511.70111.966

10.67910.829

9.5439.819

10.73810.771

.4607

.4711.4205.4263

.3758

.3865.4228.4241

M14 1.5013.73213.968

12.85412.994

11.87912.127

12.90512.951

.5407

.5499.5061.5115

.4677

.4774.5081.5099

M14 2.0013.68213.962

12.50312.663

11.20411.508

12.58312.608

.5387

.5496.4923.4985

.4412

.4530.4954.4964

M16 1.5015.73215.968

14.85414.994

13.87914.127

14.90714.952

.6194

.6286.5849.5903

.5465

.5561.5869.5887

M16 2.0015.68215.962

14.50314.663

13.20413.508

14.56414.609

.6175

.6284.5710.5772

.5199

.5318.5734.5752

M18 2.5017.62317.958

16.16416.334

14.54114.891

16.21216.257

.6939

.7070.6364.6430

.5725

.5862.6383.6400

M20 2.5019.62319.958

18.16418.334

16.54116.891

18.22218.267

.7726

.7857.7152.7218

.6513

.6649.7174.7192

M24 3.0023.57723.952

21.80322.003

19.85520.271

21.88721.933

.9283

.9429.8584.8662

.7817

.7980.8617.8635

M30 3.5029.52229.947

27.46227.674

25.18925.653

27.54827.599

1.16231.1790

1.08121.0895

.99171.0099

1.08461.0866

M36 4.0035.46535.940

33.11833.342

30.52131.033

33.19033.233

1.39631.4149

1.30391.3126

1.20171.2217

1.30671.3087

80

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N Millimeters Millimeters

1/64 0.015625 0.397 33/64 0.515625 13.097

1/32 0.03125 0.794 17/32 0.53125 13.494

3/64 0.046875 1.191 35/64 0.546875 13.891

1/16 0.0625 1.588 9/16 0.5625 14.288

5/64 0.078125 1.984 37/64 0.578125 14.684

3/32 0.09375 2.381 19/32 0.59375 15.081

7/64 0.109375 2.778 39/64 0.609375 15.478

1/8 0.12500 3.175 5/8 0.6250 15.875

9/64 0.140625 3.572 41/64 0.640625 16.272

5/32 0.15625 3.969 21/32 0.65625 16.669

11/64 0.171875 4.366 43/64 0.671875 17.066

3/16 0.1875 4.763 11/16 0.6875 17.463

13/64 0.203125 5.159 45/64 0.703125 17.859

7/32 0.21875 5.556 23/32 0.71875 18.256

15/64 0.234375 5.953 47/64 0.734375 18.653

1/4 0.2500 6.350 0.7500 19.050

17/64 0.265625 6.747 3/4 49/64 0.765625 19.447

9/32 0.28125 7.144 25/32 0.78125 19.844

19/64 0.296875 7.541 51/64 0.796875 20.241

5/16 0.3125 7.938 13/16 0.8125 20.638

21/64 0.328125 8.334 53/64 0.828125 21.034

11/32 0.34375 8.731 27/32 0.84375 21.431

23/64 0.359375 9.128 55/64 0.859375 21.828

3/8 0.3750 9.525 7/8 0.8750 22.225

25/64 0.390625 9.922 57/64 0.890625 22.622

13/32 0.40625 10.319 29/32 0.90625 23.019

27/64 0.421875 10.716 59/64 0.921875 23.416

7/16 0.4375 11.113 15/16 0.9375 23.813

29/64 0.453125 11.509 61/64 0.953125 24.209

15/32 0.46875 11.906 31/32 0.96875 24.606

31/64 0.484375 12.303 63/64 0.984375 25.003

1/2 0.500 12.700 1 1.000 25.400

Decimals DecimalsFractionFraction


Fraction-Decimal-Millimeter Conversions

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Millimeter-Decimal Conversionsmm inches mm inches mm inches mm inches

6 0.2362 21 0.8268 36 1.4173

0.1 0.0039 7 0.2756 22 0.8661 37 1.4567

0.2 0.0079 8 0.3150 23 0.9055 38 1.4961

0.3 0.0118 9 0.3543 24 0.9449 39 1.5354

0.4 0.0157 10 0.3937 25 0.9843 40 1.5748

0.5 0.0197 11 0.4331 26 1.0236 41 1.6142

0.6 0.0236 12 0.4724 27 1.0630 42 1.6535

0.7 0.0276 13 0.5118 28 1.1024 43 1.6929

0.8 0.0315 14 0.5512 29 1.1417 44 1.7323

0.9 0.0354 15 0.5906 30 1.1811 45 1.7717

1 0.0394 16 0.6299 31 1.2205 46 1.8110

2 0.0787 17 0.6693 32 1.2598 47 1.8504

3 0.1181 18 0.7087 33 1.2992 48 1.8898

4 0.1575 19 0.7480 34 1.3386 49 1.9291

5 0.1969 20 0.7874 35 1.3780 50 1.9685

mm inches mm inches mm inches mm inches

51 2.0079 66 2.5984 81 3.1890 91 3.5827

52 2.0472 67 2.6378 82 3.2283 92 3.6220

53 2.0866 68 2.6772 83 3.2677 93 3.6614

54 2.1260 69 2.7165 84 3.3071 94 3.7008

55 2.1654 70 2.7559 85 3.3465 95 3.7402

56 2.2047 71 2.7953 86 3.3858 96 3.7795

57 2.2441 72 2.8346 87 3.4252 97 3.8189

58 2.2835 73 2.8740 88 3.4646 98 3.8583

59 2.3228 74 2.9134 89 3.5039 99 3.8976

60 2.3622 75 2.9528 90 3.5433 100 3.9370

61 2.4016 76 2.9921

62 2.4409 77 3.0315

63 2.4803 78 3.0709

64 2.5197 79 3.1102

65 2.5591 80 3.1496

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U.S. Tap Sizes

National Fine National Coarse

ThreadThreads per

inchTap Drill Tap Decimal

Threads per inch

Tap Drill Tap Decimal

# 0 80 3/64 0.0469 --- --- ---

# 1 72 53 0.0595 64 53 0.0595

# 2 64 50 0.0700 56 50 0.0700

# 3 56 45 0.0820 48 47 0.0785

# 4 48 42 0.0935 40 43 0.0890

1/8 40 38 0.1015 32 3/32 0.0937

# 5 44 37 0.1040 40 38 0.1015

# 6 40 33 0.1130 32 36 0.1065

# 8 36 29 0.1360 32 29 0.1360

3/16 32 22 0.1570 24 26 0.1470

# 10 32 21 0.1590 24 25 0.1495

# 12 28 14 0.1820 24 16 0.1770

1/4 28 3 0.2130 20 7 0.2010

5/16 24 I 0.2720 18 F 0.2570

3/8 24 Q 0.3320 16 5/16 0.3125

7/16 20 25/64 0.3906 14 U 0.3680

1/2 20 29/64 0.4531 13 27/64 0.4219

9/16 18 33/64 0.5156 12 31/64 0.4844

5/8 18 37/64 0.5781 11 17/32 0.5313

3/4 26 11/16 0.6875 10 21/32 0.6563

7/8 24 13/16 0.8125 9 49/64 0.7656

1 14 15/16 0.9375 8 7/8 0.8750

1 1/8 12 1 3/64 1.0469 7 63/64 0.9844

1 1/4 12 1 11/64 1.1719 7 1 7/64 1.1094

1 3/8 12 1 19/64 1.2969 6 1 7/32 1.2188

1 1/2 12 1 27/64 1.4219 6 1 11/32 1.3438

1 3/4 --- --- 5 1 9/16 1.5625

2 --- --- --- 4 1/2 1 25/32 1.7813

2 1/4 --- --- --- 4 1/2 2 1/32 2.0313

2 1/2 --- --- --- 4 2 1/4 2.2500

2 3/4 --- --- --- 4 2 1/2 2.5000

3 --- --- --- 4 2 3/4 2.7500

3 1/4 --- --- --- 4 3 4.0000

3 1/2 --- --- --- 4 3 1/4 3.2500

3 3/4 --- --- --- 4 3 1/2 3.5000

4 --- --- --- 4 3 3/4 3.7500

Cutting Taps

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Metric Tap Sizes

Pitch

mm inches mm/Thread mm inches

2 0.0787 0.40 1.60 0.0630

2.3 0.0906 0.40 1.90 0.0748

2.6 0.1024 0.45 2.10 0.0827

3 0.1181 0.50 2.50 0.0984

3.5 0.1378 0.60 2.90 0.1142

4 0.1575 0.70 3.30 0.1299

4.5 0.1772 0.75 3.75 0.1476

5 0.1969 0.80 4.20 0.1654

5.5 0.2165 0.90 4.60 0.1811

6 0.2362 1.00 5.00 0.1969

7 0.2756 1.00 6.00 0.2362

8 0.3150 1.25 6.80 0.2677

9 0.3543 1.25 7.80 0.3071

10 0.3937 1.50 8.60 0.3386

11 0.4331 1.50 9.60 0.3780

12 0.4724 1.75 10.50 0.4134

14 0.5512 2.00 12.00 0.4724

16 0.6299 2.00 14.00 0.5512

18 0.7087 2.50 15.50 0.6102

20 0.7874 2.50 17.50 0.6890

22 0.8661 2.50 19.50 0.7677

24 0.9449 3.00 21.00 0.8268

27 1.0630 3.00 24.00 0.9449

30 1.1811 3.50 26.50 1.0433

33 1.2992 3.50 29.50 1.1614

36 1.4173 4.00 32.00 1.2598

39 1.5354 4.00 35.00 1.3780

42 1.6535 4.50 37.00 1.4567

Thread Tap Drill Size

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N Decimal Millimeters Drill Size Decimal Millimeters Drill Size Decimal Millimeters Drill Size

0.0135 0.343 80 0.086 2.184 44 0.199 5.055 80.0145 0.368 79 0.089 2.261 43 0.201 5.105 70.016 0.406 78 0.0935 2.375 42 0.204 5.182 60.018 0.457 77 0.096 2.438 41 0.2055 5.220 50.02 0.508 76 0.098 2.489 40 0.209 5.309 40.021 0.533 75 0.0995 2.527 39 0.213 5.410 30.0225 0.572 74 0.1015 2.578 38 0.221 5.613 20.024 0.610 73 0.104 2.642 37 0.228 5.791 10.025 0.635 72 0.1065 2.705 36 0.234 5.944 A0.026 0.660 71 0.11 2.794 35 0.238 6.045 B0.028 0.711 70 0.112 2.845 34 0.242 6.147 C0.0292 0.742 69 0.113 2.870 33 0.246 6.248 D0.031 0.787 68 0.116 2.946 32 0.25 6.350 E0.032 0.813 67 0.12 3.048 31 0.257 6.528 F0.033 0.838 66 0.1285 3.264 30 0.261 6.629 G0.035 0.889 65 0.136 3.454 29 0.266 6.756 H0.036 0.914 64 0.1405 3.569 28 0.272 6.909 I0.037 0.940 63 0.144 3.658 27 0.277 7.036 J0.038 0.965 62 0.147 3.734 26 0.281 7.137 K0.039 0.991 61 0.1495 3.797 25 0.29 7.366 L0.04 1.016 60 0.152 3.861 24 0.295 7.493 M0.041 1.041 59 0.154 3.912 23 0.302 7.671 N0.042 1.067 58 0.157 3.988 22 0.316 8.026 O0.043 1.092 57 0.159 4.039 21 0.323 8.204 P0.0465 1.181 56 0.161 4.089 20 0.332 8.433 Q0.052 1.321 55 0.166 4.216 19 0.339 8.611 R0.055 1.397 54 0.1695 4.305 18 0.348 8.839 S0.0595 1.511 53 0.173 4.394 17 0.358 9.093 T0.0635 1.613 52 0.177 4.496 16 0.368 9.347 U0.067 1.702 51 0.18 4.572 15 0.377 9.576 V0.07 1.778 50 0.182 4.623 14 0.386 9.804 W0.073 1.854 49 0.185 4.699 13 0.397 10.084 X0.076 1.930 48 0.189 4.801 12 0.404 10.262 Y0.0785 1.994 47 0.191 4.851 11 0.413 10.490 Z0.081 2.057 46 0.1935 4.915 100.082 2.083 45 0.196 4.978 9


Drill Sizes

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Sheet Steel Gauges and WeightsThickness

Inchesmfg std Mild Steel Galvanized Stainless

3 0.2391 10.000 --- ---4 0.2242 9.370 --- ---5 0.2092 8.750 --- ---6 0.1943 8.120 --- ---7 0.1793 7.500 --- ---8 0.1644 6.870 --- ---9 0.1495 6.250 --- ---10 0.1345 5.620 5.7812 5.793711 0.1196 5.000 5.1562 5.150012 0.1046 4.370 4.5312 4.506313 0.0897 3.750 3.9062 3.862514 0.0747 3.120 3.2812 3.218715 0.0673 2.810 2.9687 2.896816 0.0598 2.500 2.6562 2.575017 0.0538 2.250 2.4062 2.317518 0.0478 2.000 2.1562 2.060019 0.0418 1.750 1.9062 1.802520 0.0359 1.500 1.6562 1.545021 0.0329 1.370 1.5312 1.416022 0.0299 1.250 1.4062 1.287523 0.0269 1.120 1.2812 1.158724 0.0239 1.000 1.1562 1.030025 0.0209 0.875 1.0312 0.901326 0.0179 0.750 0.9062 0.772527 0.0164 0.687 0.8437 0.708128 0.0149 0.625 0.7812 0.643829 0.0135 0.562 0.7187 0.579430 0.0120 0.500 0.6562 0.515031 0.0105 0.437 --- ---32 0.0097 0.406 --- ---33 0.0090 0.375 --- ---34 0.0082 0.344 --- ---35 0.0075 0.312 --- ---36 0.0067 0.281 --- ---37 0.0064 0.266 --- ---38 0.0060 0.250 --- ---

GageWeight lbs/sq ft

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Drill SizesMultiply by To Get Multiply by To Get

Linearinches 25.4 millimeters 0.03937 inchesfeet 0.3048 meters 3.281 feetyards 0.9144 meters 1.0936 yardsmiles 1.6093 kilometers 0.6214 milesinches 2.54 centimeters 0.3937 inchesmicroinches 0.0254 micrometers 39.37 microinches

Areainches2 645.16 millimeters2 0.00155 inches2

inches2 6.452 centimeters2 0.155 inches2

feet2 0.0929 meters2 10.764 feet2

yards2 0.8361 meters2 1.196 yards2

circular mils 7.85398E-07 inches2 1273239.81 circular milscircular mils 0.000507 millimeters2 1972.387 circular milscircular mils 0.7854 mils2 1.2732 circular mils

Volumeinches3 16387 millimeters3 0.0000061 inches3

inches3 16.387 centimeters3 0.06102 inches3

inches3 0.000579 feet3 1727.116 inches3

inches3 2.14E-05 meters3 46663.56 inches3

inches3 0.0164 liters 61.024 inches3

quarts 0.9464 liters 1.0567 quartsgallons 3.7854 liters 0.2642 gallonsfeet3 28.317 liters 0.0353 feet3

feet3 0.02832 meters3 35.315 feet3

feet3 1728 inches3 0.000578704 feet3

feet3 957.506 oz U.S. Fluid 0.001044 feet3

feet3/hr 28.317 liters/hr 0.0353 feet3/hrfeet3/hr 0.4719 liters/min 2.1189 feet3/hrfluid oz 29.57 milliliters 0.0338 fluid ozyards3 0.7646 meters3 1.308 yards3

Massounces 28.35 grams 0.03527 ouncespounds 0.4536 kilograms 2.205 poundstons (2000 lb) 907.18 kilograms 0.001102 tons (2000 lb)tons (2000 lb) 0.90718 metric tons 1.1023 tons (2000 lb)

Forceounces 0.278 newtons 3.597 ouncespounds 4.448 newtons 0.2248 poundskilograms 9.807 newtons 0.10197 kilograms

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Stud Weights

Stud Length #10-32 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 7/16-14 1/2-13 5/8-11 3/4-10 7/8-93/4 5.9 8.3 12.8 18.8 25.5 34.5

1 7.5 11.0 17.0 25.0 34.0 46.0 70.01 1/4 9.1 13.8 21.3 31.3 42.5 57.5 87.5 133.81 1/2 10.7 16.5 25.5 37.5 51.0 69.0 105.0 160.5 243.81 3/4 12.3 19.3 29.8 43.8 59.5 80.5 122.5 197.3 284.42 14.0 22.0 34.0 50.0 68.0 92.0 140.0 214.0 325.02 1/4 15.6 24.8 38.3 56.3 76.5 103.5 157.5 240.8 365.62 1/2 17.2 27.5 42.5 62.5 85.0 115.0 175.0 267.5 406.32 3/4 18.8 30.3 46.8 68.8 93.5 126.5 192.5 294.3 446.93 20.5 33.0 51.0 75.0 102.0 138.0 210.0 321.0 487.53 1/4 35.8 55.3 81.3 110.5 149.5 227.5 347.8 528.13 1/2 38.5 59.5 87.5 119.0 161.0 245.0 374.5 568.83 3/4 41.3 63.8 93.8 127.5 172.5 262.5 401.3 609.44 44.0 68.0 100.0 136.0 184.0 280.0 428.0 650.04 1/4 46.8 72.3 106.3 144.5 195.5 297.5 454.8 690.64 1/2 49.5 76.5 112.5 153.0 207.0 315.0 481.5 731.34 3/4 52.3 80.8 118.8 161.5 218.5 332.5 508.3 771.95 55.0 85.0 125.0 170.0 230.0 350.0 535.0 812.5

Each Additional Inch

6.5 11.0 17.0 25.0 34.0 46.0 70.0 107.0 162.5

Add for Collar Stud

5.8 7.2 9.0 12.8 13.0

Ferrule Weight 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 10.0 12.0

Stud Diameter & Pitch

Weights of Mild Steel Threaded Arc Studs in lbs/1000 Pieces

Stud Length # 6-32 # 8-32 # 10-24 # 10-32 1/4-201/4 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.93/8 1.0 5801.4 7201.6 9001.8 12802.91/2 1.0 11601.4 14401.6 18001.8 25602.95/8 1.0 17401.4 21601.6 27001.8 38402.93/4 1.0 23201.4 28801.6 36001.8 51202.97/8 1.0 29001.4 36001.6 45001.8 64002.9

1 1.0 34801.4 43201.6 54001.8 76802.91 1/8 1.0 40601.4 50401.6 63001.8 89602.91 1/4 1.0 46401.4 57601.6 72001.8 102402.91 3/8 1.0 52201.4 64801.6 81001.8 115202.91 1/2 1.0 58001.4 72001.6 90001.8 128002.91 5/8 1.0 63801.4 79201.6 99001.8 140802.91 3/4 1.0 69601.4 86401.6 108001.8 153602.91 7/8 1.0 75401.4 93601.6 117001.8 166402.92 1.0 81201.4 100801.6 126001.8 179202.9

Each Additional 1/8"

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.3

Weights of Mild Steel Flanged CD Studs in lbs/1000 PiecesStud Diameter & Pitch

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A) If the power source has a stick welding mode the output terminals and any tools connected are alwayselectrically “hot”. In stud welding mode the output terminals are electrically “hot” only while welding.Use only the proper tool with the selected welding mode.

B) Always protect yourself from possible electric shock.

1) Never allow contact between the electrically “hot” portions of the circuit and your bare skin orwet clothing. Wear dry, hole-free gloves to insulate your hands.

2) Always insulate yourself from ground by using dry insulation when welding in damp locationsor metal floors, gratings or scaffolds and particularly when large areas of your body can be incontact with possible grounds such as sitting or lying down.

3) Maintain all the equipment such as stud gun, electrode holder, ground clamp, welding cableand welding machine in good, safe operating condition.

4) NEVER dip the stud gun or electrode holder in water for cooling.

5) If two welders are connected together, the open circuit voltage can be the sum of the two.Never touch the electrically hot portions of the circuit.

6) If the welder is used as a power supply for automatic welding, the same precautions areapplicable to the automatic unit.

C) When working above floor level, protect yourself from a fall should you get a shock or startled. Neverwrap the electrode cable around any part of your body.

D) Arc burn may be more severe than sunburn.

1) When stud welding, safety goggles should be worn by the operator. A shaded No. 3 lens issuggested.

2) When stick welding, arc-air gouging, or observing the same, use a head shield with the properfilter and cover plates to protect your face and eyes from sparks and the ultraviolet rays of anarc. The filter lens should conform to ANSI Z87.1 standards.

3) Use suitable clothing to protect your skin and that of people around you from the arc rays andsparks.

4) When stick welding or arc-air gouging, protect nearby personnel with suitable, non-flammablescreening and warn then not to watch the arc or expose themselves to the arc rays, hotspatter or metal.

E) Droplets of molten slag and metal are thrown or fall from the welding arc. Protect yourself with oil freeprotective garments such as leather gloves, heavy shirt, cuffless trousers, high shoes and a cap tocover your head. When welding out of position, or in confined areas, wear ear plugs.

F) When in a welding area, always wear safety glasses. Safety glasses with side shields are a mustwhen near a slag chipping area.

G) Move fire hazards to a place safely away from the welding area. Welding sparks and hot materialsgenerated at the welding arc will go through small cracks and openings into adjacent areas.

PERSONAL SAFETY Precautions

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H) When not manual arc welding, place the welding tool where it is insulated from the ground system.Accidental grounding can cause overheating and create a fire hazard.

I) Connect the ground cable as close to the welding area as practical. Ground cables connected to thebuilding framework or other locations some distance from the welding area increase the possibility of thewelding current passing through lifting chains, crane cables of other alternate circuits. This creates firehazards. Overheating of lifting chains or cables can cause them to fail.

J) Welding can produce hazardous fumes and gasses. Use adequate ventilation and avoid breathing thesefumes and gases. Welding on galvanized, lead or cadmium plates produces toxic fumes.

K) No welding should be done in locations near chlorinated hydrocarbon vapors such as degreasing andpainting stations. The heat and rays of the arc can react with the solvent vapors to form phosgene, a highlytoxic gas, and other irritating by-products.

L) Do not heat, weld or cut tanks, drums or containers until the necessary steps have been followed to insurethat no flammable, irritating or toxic vapors can be formed by the residue.

M) Vent hollow castings or containers before heating, cutting or welding. A pressure build up may cause it toexplode.

N) For more detailed safety information, consult the pamphlet, “Welding Safety”, published by the U.S.Department of Health, Education and Welfare, DHEW (NIOSH), Publication No. 77-131. It is alsorecommended that you purchase, read and follow the directions of “Safety in Welding & Cutting, ANSIStandard Z49.1” for $5.00 from the American Welding Society, Miami, Florida, 33125.

POWER SUPPLY SAFETY Precautions

A) Always connect the frame of the power supply to ground in accordance with the National Electrical Codeand the manufacturer’s recommendations.

B) Installation, servicing or trouble shooting should only be done by qualified personnel trained to work on thistype of equipment.

C) Before servicing any piece of equipment, turn off the disconnect switch at the fuse box.

D) When in operation, all covers must be on the equipment.

PERSONAL SAFETY Precautions

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GlossaryAmperage See Current

Arc-Blow The effect where the weld fillet runs away from the ground connection. The electricfields generated during the weld repel the fillet material away from the location of theground. If this is a concern, it can frequently be addressed through the use of doublegrounds.

Bellows The rubber boot that slides over the chuck adapter. This helps to keep dirt, weldspatter and other foreign contaminants from entering the internal gun mechanism.

Burn-Off The amount of stud consumed during the weld. This “burn-off” material forms theweld fillet.

Burn Through A condition where the weld excessively distorts or actually melts through the basematerial. This is caused by an excessively hot weld or by using base material that istoo thin.

Chuck The device that holds the weld stud during the welding process. It fits into the chuckadapter. This is a consumable component and should be replaced when worn.

Chuck Adapter This component of the stud gun holds the chuck and connects to the internal liftingmechanisms. The weld current flows from the weld cable to the lifting mechanism tothe chuck adapter to the chuck and finally into the stud.

Control Cable This is the thin cable that connects the stud gun to the controller. This cable carriesthe trigger signal from the gun to the controller and the lifting voltage back from thecontroller to the gun.

Controller The controller initiates the pilot arc, sends the lift signal to the stud gun, starts theweld current at the right instant, and controls the duration of the weld. The controllercan be a separate “box” or an internal component as in self contained units.

Current The flow of electricity is referred to as current and is expressed in Amperes (Amps).There are two types of current: Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC).Direct current always flows one way: from negative to positive. DC is polarized whichmeans there is a definite negative and positive connection. Alternating current (the typeyou get from a wall socket) flows back and forth. AC is non-polarized, you can reversethe connections and not alter anything. Stud Welding uses DC current.

It should be noted that current is an electron flow. The amount of current requireddetermines the size (diameter) of the cable needed. The larger the cable the morecurrent it can carry. See resistance.

Ferrule A ceramic shield used in arc stud welding. The purpose of the ferrule is to containsparks, heat and molten metal in the weld zone while keeping gasses and impuritiesout.

Ferrule Grip Holds the ferrule during the weld sequence. This is a consumable item and should bereplaced when worn.

Fillet The ring of weld metal that surrounds the stud after welding.

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Glossary

Flux Ball The flux load is pressed into the end of most weld studs. During the weld process theflux load vaporizes and consumes the oxygen at the weld site. This helps to eliminatecontaminates in the weld itself.

Foot This stud welding component is attached to the legs and it holds the ferrule grip. Thecombination of the legs, foot and ferrule grip determine plunge.

Ground All equipment should be grounded (the exception is double insulated equipment).The reason for grounding is that the voltages used are always at a potential leveldifferent from the ground, and if a good conduction path is established between theequipment and the ground there can be no potential difference developed betweenthe equipment and anyone who is standing on the ground. If any voltage is leaked itwill be conducted away through the ground path rather than through the operator. Forthe equipment to be properly grounded you must be able to read continuity (no resis-tance between the ground pin on the plug and any conductive surface on the equip-ment.

Gun See Stud Gun

Hang Up A condition where the stud gun does not plunge the stud into the weld pool properlyand only a partial weld occurs. This can be caused by the internal mechanismsbinding or more commonly by the stud hitting the ferrule. Remedy by adjusting thefoot.

Lift This motion is essential to the stud weld process since it creates a gap which thecurrent must bridge. This air-gap increases the electrical circuit resistance andgenerates the heat necessary to melt the stud and parent material for the weld. If nogap exists there would be a direct short to the base material and sufficient heat wouldnot develop. Short lift may cause molten metal to bridge the arc gap and seriouslyhamper weld quality. Excessive lift may result in the arc being interrupted andinconsistent which can cause poor weld results.

Pilot arc This is the initiating arc which is first formed while the stud is being lifted off the work.It establishes the path for the weld current.

Plunge The amount of stud, typically 1/8”, which protrudes beyond the ferrule when the studgun is in its normal state. This represents the portion of the stud to be used in formingthe weld fillet. Short plunge may cause incomplete fillet formation while too muchplunge may cause excessive splatter which may also leave incomplete fillets or unevenfillet formation.

Plunge damper A device which slows the rate which a stud plunges into the weld pool. This reducesthe amount of splash from the molten metal and helps to form a uniform weld fillet.This typically is only necessary for stud diameters over 1/2”.

Power Supply The power supply can be external, such as a generator or a transformer-rectifier.Ideally, it should have an open-circuit DC voltage in the 70-120 volt range. The currentrequired depends on the stud diameter to be welded. A general rule of thumb is 100amps for every 1/16” diameter. For example, a 1/4” stud will require 400 amps of weldcurrent. A power supply can also be internal and are called self contained units.Smaller units (1/2” diameter stud capacity) usually hook up to 220 or 440 volt singlephase power. Larger units require 220 or 440 volt three phase power.

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Protrusion See plunge.

Resistance Resistance is the opposition to current flow and is expressed in Ohms. The moreresistance the more Ohms. Whenever electrical flow is impeded by resistance heat isgenerated (it is this heat that allows stud welding to work). For example, a 40 footcable will have twice the resistance of a 20 foot cable of the same type.

Tensile - Proof The maximum amount of pulling force a stud can take with out being permanentlystretched.

Tensile - Ultimate The amount of pulling force required to fracture a stud.

Tensile - Working This is a tensile value based on proof tensile with an additional 25% safety factor.

Tensile - Yield The amount of pulling force on a stud which causes it to be permanently stretched.

Torque The amount of rotation force applied to a stud. This is generally a poor measurebecause so many things like: plating, lubrication and temperature can affect torquereadings.

Torque - Working This is the amount of torque (using a standard coeffiecient of friction of .2) required toachieve the working tensile.

Shear The amount of force a stud can take across the diameter of the fastener.

Shear - Yield The amount of shear force that, when exerted, causes the material to permanentlydeform.

Stud Gun This is the unit the operator holds. It is connected to the controller via the control cableand to the power supply via the weld cable. Besides holding the stud, the gun handlesthe lift, plunge and trigger functions. In other words, the gun tells the controller when tobegin the weld cycle, then it executes all the weld functions from the controller tocomplete the cycle

Time This is the duration of the weld. The general rule is that as the stud diameterincreases, the weld time is increased. In cases where there is limited base materialthickness, shorter than normal weld time is used and the amperage is increased to givesufficient heat to the weld.

Voltage The electrical potential difference from one point to another. Electrical current flow isthe result of an electrical path (such as a wire) being established between two points ofdifferent potential, or voltage levels. If the potentials are continually interchanging andthe current flows back and forth, it is AC voltage. This is the type of voltage a generatorwould provide. On the other hand, if one potential is always higher than the other, suchas a battery, it is DC voltage. In DC the higher potential is called positive and the lowerpotential is called negative.

Weld Cable This is the large diameter cable which carries the power for the pilot arc and thewelding current to the arc stud.

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