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Presentation Lenses Magnification and focal length 5/12/2012 Mr. PG Mr. PG

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how are images formed with a convex lens

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Page 1: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Presentation Lenses

Magnification and focal length

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 2: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• To find out how images are formed with convex lenses, we have to consider certain rules as regards to rays of lights coming from different directions on the surface of the lenses and how they get refracted.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 3: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• First rule: A ray of light parallel to the principal axis XY, on refraction passes through the focal point F. This is shown in the figure given below.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 4: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• Second rule: A ray of light passing through the optical centre O of a convex lens, goes un-deviated along the same path.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 5: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• Third rule: The third rule is inverse of the first rule. When a ray of light passes through the focus F and strikes a convex lens, the refracted ray is parallel to the principal axis XY.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 6: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• From the above three rules, we can now study how images are formed with the help of convex lenses. The type of images formed depends on where the object is positioned in front of the lens. We will study a few typical cases.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 7: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG 5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 8: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

• Case 1: object is placed between the optical centre O and the focus F1

• Case 2: object is placed at focus F1 • Case 3: object is placed between the focus F1 and

2 F1 • Case 4: object is placed at 2 F1 • Case 5: object is placed at a distance beyond 2 F1 • Case 6: object is placed at a far off distance

beyond 2 F1 (or at infinite distance).

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 9: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case one

• The image is behind the lens and hence is virtual

• The image is erect and not inverted • The image is magnified

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 10: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case 2

• The image is formed at infinity • The image is inverted and real • The image is highly magnified

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 11: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case 3

• The image is formed beyond 2 F1 • The image is inverted and real • The image is magnified.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 12: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case 4

• The image is formed at 2 F2 on the other side of the lens

• The image is inverted and real • The image is same size as that of the object.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 13: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case 5

• The image is formed between F2 and 2 F2 • The image is inverted and real • The image is reduced in size.

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 14: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG

Case 6

• The image is formed at F2 • The image is inverted and real • The image is highly reduced in size

5/12/2012 Mr. PG

Page 15: Image on convex lenses 2nd form

Mr. PG 5/12/2012 Mr. PG


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