image pre-1981 1981 (de-1/sai) 2000 (image/euv) j. l. burch, principal investigator (swri) t. e....
TRANSCRIPT
IMAGE
pre-1981
1981 (DE-1/SAI)
2000 (IMAGE/EUV)
J. L. Burch, Principal Investigator (SwRI)
T. E. Moore, Project Scientist (NASA/GSFC)
P. H. Reiff, Co-Investigator (Rice Univ.)
Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration
Senior Review PresentationJuly 9, 2001
“The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes.” - M. Proust
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
The extended IMAGE mission focuses on geomagnetic activity during the declining phase of the solar cycle.
The evolution of the IMAGE orbit provides a new, mid- and low-latitude and ultimately southern hemisphere viewing perspective.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Prime Mission(2000-2002)
• solar maximum
• high-latitude, northern hemisphere viewing
Extended Mission(2002-2005)
• declining phase of the solar cycle
• mid- & low-latitude, southern hemisphere viewing
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Solar Cycle Dependence of Ionospheric Outflow
Magnetic Field-aligned Plasma Dynamics
Dynamics and Structural Changes in the Magnetopause and Cusp
Cusp Plasma Injection
Field-aligned Densities and the Closed Field Line Length overSubstorm Time Scales
Ring Current Pitch Angle Distributions
The Plasmapause in Perspective
Plasmasphere Refilling Dynamics
High-resolution Ionospheric Imaging
Specific studies to be undertaken during the new mission include:
Most of these studies are made possible by the new viewing perspective that results from the precession of the IMAGE orbit to middle and low latitudes.
Open data policy encourages collaborations and new initiatives from non-team members (Guest Investigators and others).
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Geomagnetic Activity at Solar Max vs. during Declining Phase of the Solar Cycle
Bastille Day Storm, 15-18 July 2000
How does the inner magnetosphererespond to CIRs?
How does a cooler exosphere affectpolar ion outflow?
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IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Examples of New Science Results
Since Proposal Submission
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE provides first global look at substorm tail dynamics.
Stretched tail field.Dense plasmasheet
Dipolarization andinjections reachgeosynchronous.Auroral onset.
Injectioncomplete
Suncontamination
Ions drift earthwardin dipolarization E-fieldfaster than they can bereplenished from tailconvection field
Flux increasedue to conservationof adiabatic invariance
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE/RPI’s ability to observe ducted echoes makes possible the determination of field-aligned densities and field-line length and topology.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE discovers source of kilometric continuum radiation.
EUV imager observes previously unknown “bite outs” in plasmasphere.
RPI demonstrates that kilometric continuum is generated deep within bite outs and is beamed along magnetic equator from a confined source region.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMF Dependence of Subauroral Proton Emissions: the “Q” Aurora
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IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Study seasonal and solar cycle variations in solar windneutral flux
Search for ENAs formed by charge exchange between solar wind ions and interstellar neutrals
Determine the angular width and start and stop dates of theinterstellar neutral signal observed between late December and early February
In addition to its investigation of the geospace environment, IMAGEwill continue to exploit LENA’s unique capability to observe solar wind and interstellar neutrals. Specifically, IMAGE will:
Although primarily a magnetospheric mission, IMAGE contributes to understandingof how the Sun and the galaxy interact (Quest III, SEC Roadmap 2000).
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE detects solar wind and interstellar neutrals.
Theory:
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sun_pulse_ltt_09.plt
IOC level (x4)
nominal ops level
ppsp level (x0.33)
ppsp stepping (x0.33)
ppsp level (x0.33)
Tsurutani et al., 1994 events
LENA H rate [counts/s](sun sector apogee)
day of year 2000/2001
radiation stormMexican Aurora
Storm
Observation: Annual Variation of Solar Wind ENA
Seasonal variationof solar wind neutral atoms as probe of gas and dust in theinner heliosphere
Theory: Hydrogen Flux at Earth
Years after Solar Maximum
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE provides real-time auroral imaging to the NOAA Space Environment Center.*
http://www.sec.noaa.gov/IMAGE/
*IMAGE will provide critical extended auroral imaging thatPolar will lose once its fuel is depleted.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
The IMAGE / POETRY team will continue its highly successful education and outreach activities...
Participation in teacher workshops; formal collaboration with Earth & Space
Science Magnet School in Houston
Development and distribution of IMAGE-
based educational materials
Communication of exciting results to public via popular
press and Web
Participation in museum and planetarium
programs
Influencing the treatment of aurora and the geospace environment in both undergraduate astronomy textbooks and K-12 science books adopted by county and state curriculum committees
…with particular emphasis on:
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
Like the prime mission, the IMAGE extended mission addresses key NASA goals and objectives set forth in the Space Science Enterprise Strategic Plan and the SEC Roadmap.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
The IMAGE extended mission advances our efforts to:
• learn how galaxies, stars, and planets form,interact, and evolve
• understand our changing Sun and its effectsthroughout the solar system
• share the excitement and knowledge generatedby scientific discovery and improve
science education
• develop the knowledge to improve our under-standing of space weather
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
IMAGE Makes Critical Contributions to the OSS Strategic Plan
Chart the evolution of the Universe from origins to destinyand understand its galaxies, stars, planets, and life.
Share the excitement and know-ledge generated by scientificdiscovery and improve scienceeducation.
Use robotic science missions asforerunners to human explorationbeyond low-Earth orbit.
Develop new technologies toenable innovative and lessexpensive research and flightmissions.
Goal Objective IMAGE Contribution
Learn how galaxies, stars, and planets form, interact, and evolve.
Understand our changing Sun and its effects throughout the Solar System.
Share the excitement of space science discoveries with the public.
Enhance the quality of science, math, and technology education, particularly at the pre-college level.
Help create 21st century workforce.
Develop the knowledge to improve space weather.
Acquire new technical approaches and capabilities.
Validate new technologies in space.
Apply and transfer technology.
Image s.w.-mag. Interactions.
Find long-term variation of ISNs.
Search for ISNs from termination shock.Compare CME and CIR storms
Popular articles, museum and planetarium exhibits
Teacher workshops, pre-college and college curriculum development
Undergraduate and graduate research opportunities
Nearly continuous multi-spectral imaging of geospace
Real-time data link for NOAA
Comprehensive set of new magnetospheric imaging technologies developed, validated in space, and published.
IMAGE Senior Review Presentation • July 9, 2001
The IMAGE extended mission addresses three of the fourfundamental quests set forth in the 2000 SEC Roadmap.
Quest II. How do the planets respond tosolar variations?
Quest III. How do the Sun and galaxyinteract?
Quest IV. How does solar variabilityaffect life and society?
And the IMAGE extended mission offers an effective and imaginative approachto the SEC E/PO goals described in the Roadmap.
IMAGE provides nearly continuous global imaging of the solar-wind magnetosphere interaction at solar maximum and, during an extended mission, during the declining phase.
IMAGE obtains measurements of interstellar neutrals and is conducting a search for neutral atoms produced at the termination shock.
As the first space weather satellite, IMAGE provides the only global monitor of space weather.
