image processing and analysis image processing. agenda gray-level operations –look-up tables...
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Image Processing and Analysis
Image Processing
Agenda
• Gray-Level Operations– Look-up Tables– Brightness and Contrast
• Color Space Operations
• Frequency Filtering
• Basic Morphology
• Particle Filtering and Parameters
• Gray-Level Morphology
Modifying Gray Values
Gray Level Perception (1)
Gray Level Perception (2)
Creating LuT (Look-up Tables)
LuT: Linear
LuT: Logarithmic
LuT: Exponential
LuT: Square
LuT: Square Root
LuT: Power x
LuT: Power 1/x
LuT: Equalize
LuT: Inverse
Exercise 4.4
Brightness and Contrast
Exercise 4.5
Converting RGB to HSL (HSI)
Example: NI Vision Assistant
Example: LabVIEW
Spatial Image Filtering
FilterKernel
Filter Kernel Impact (Smoothing)
97 108 42 58 56
67 73 56 81 50
58 67 75 65 65
50 67 50 16 73
34 34 40 252 255
New value: 99
Filter Kernel Impact
Exercise 4.7
• Kernel Families:– Smoothing– Gaussian– Gradient– Laplacian
Smoothing Filter
Gaussian Filter
Gradient Filter (0)
PrewittKernel
Gradient Filter (1)
Gradient Filter (4)
PrewittKernel
Gradient Filter: Sobel Kernel
Laplace Filter (0)
Laplace Filter (1)
Laplace Filter (6)
Laplace Filter (7)
Frequency Filtering
FFT Spectrum (Image)
Exercise 4.8
Standard and Optical Display
FFT Truncate (Low Pass)
Exercise 4.9
FFT Truncate (High Pass)
FFT Attenuate (Low Pass)
FFT Attenuate (High Pass)
Morphology Functions
Thresholding
Erosion
Binary Morphology: Structuring Element
Structuring Element Configuration
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Exercise 4.13
Dilation
Opening
Closing
Proper Opening
Proper Closing
Hit-Miss Function
Hit-Miss Function (2)
Inner Gradient (Internal Edge)
Outer Gradient (External Edge)
Total Gradient
Thinning
Thickening
Auto-Median
Outline
• Gray Values and Look-up Tables (LuTs)
• Color Spaces and Models
• Spatial Filtering
• Frequency Filtering
• Basic Morphology
• Particle Filtering and Parameters
• Gray Level Morphology
Remove Particle: Low Pass
Remove Particle: High Pass
Exercise 4.14
Reject Border
Exercise 4.15
Particle Filtering
Exercise 4.16
Basic Particle Analysis
Complex Particle Analysis
Particle Parameter
Fill Holes
Exercise 4.17
Convex
Exercise 4.18
Separation
Exercise 4.19
Skeleton L
Exercise 4.20
Skeleton M
Skiz Function
Outline
• Gray Values and Look-up Tables (LuTs)
• Color Spaces and Models
• Spatial Filtering
• Frequency Filtering
• Basic Morphology
• Particle Filtering and Parameters
• Gray Level Morphology
Gray-Level Erosion
Exercise 4.21
Gray-Level Dilation
Square and Hexagon
Gray-Level Opening
Gray-Level Closing
Gray-Level Proper Open
Gray-Level Proper Close