imc libya-120 day report

8/6/2019 IMC Libya-120 Day Report

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Overview of the Situation in Libya

After more than 40 years of Colonel Muammar al-Gaddafis leadership, the unrest spreadingthroughout the Arab world erupted in Libya in mid-February 2011. After living for decades underGaddafis authoritarian regime, with repression of political and civic freedoms and persistentgrievances regarding the unequal distribution of wealth, the people of Libya, encouraged bydevelopments in neighboring countries, started to push for regime change. It began in the eastern

Libyan city of Benghazi, with the eastern Cyrenaica region in opposition control by February 23 andopposition supporters later forming the Interim National Transitional Council. Uprisings alsocommenced in Misurata, Zawiya and the Nafusa Mountains region. Gaddafi responded, ordering histroops and supporters to crush the uprising in a televised speech, descending the country into civilwar.

While rebel fighters formulated an army and gained ground, it quickly appeared as though the battlewould be mismatched, with Gaddafi forces possessing superior weapons and skills and outnumberingrebel forces. As Gaddafi forces advanced towards Benghazi, however, the United Nations SecurityCouncil approved the implementation of a no-fly zone over Libya, including all necessary measuresto protect civilians. International coalition forces launched airstrikes on March 19, later coming underNATO command and preventing any further advancement of Gaddafi forces to the east. Thus far any

negotiations for ceasefire arrangements have proved unsuccessful and fighting near Brega in theeast, outside of Misurata, and in the Western Mountains region continues.

Amid this conflict, the civilian population has suffered significantly. The conflict has halted traditionalsupply routes, displaced whole communities, inflicted civilian casualties and, in some cases, wholecities and towns have been besieged by Gaddafi forces causing extreme hardship upon thepopulation. Libyan people have faced shortages of food, water, fuel, electricity and access toadequate health care. Health facilities have been stretched to their limits, facing increased caseloadsdue to the conflict. Concurrently, central supply chains for medications and medical supplies havebeen cut and large numbers of foreign nurses have departed the country, leaving facilities with urgentshortages of these critical staff. InMisurata, the overload on hospitals,

with an average of 70 casualties aday at the height of the fighting,created a critical need for medicalevacuations to reduce the pressureon these facilities. Assistance tolessen these hardships and providemedical support for the people ofLibya will be needed as the conflictcontinues, and in the aftermath.

As of June 27, 120 days after thecommencement of International

Medical Corps response in Libya,the conflict persists, including in theWestern Mountains region, on theoutskirts of Misurata and to theeast, outside of Brega. Due to theconflict, almost a million peoplehave fled Libya across its borders,with many also displaced internallywithin the country.


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International Medical Corps Response

Indicates where International Medical Corps has conducted assessments/provided support.

International Medical Corps deployed an Emergency Response Team (ERT) to Libya on February 24,2011 and was one of the first international NGOs to arrive in Benghazi on February 27. The teamimmediately began assessing health needs, with initial efforts focusing on distributing needed suppliesto health facilities and also to populations of displaced people. Since this time, International MedicalCorps efforts in Libya have expanded, in response to significant developments in the conflict, and thecorresponding situation for civilians. Teams are currently in eastern Libya, the Western Mountains, the

Misurata area and also along the Tunisian side of the Libya/Tunisia border, where large numbers ofpeople have fled the violence. As access permits, International Medical Corps is also trying to reachadditional areas in western Libya to provide needed humanitarian assistance.

Throughout Libya and also on the borders with Tunisia and Egypt, International Medical Corps teamsare providing: supplies and medical personnel to support health facilities; medical consultations andlifesaving surgeries; care for the medical evacuation of patients; essential supplies to peopledisplaced by the conflict; and training to assist health care staff to deliver support to those affected bythe conflict.


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Major Events in Libya International Medical Corps

Key Response Achievements


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Jordanian Health Aid SocietyTo provide needed medical staff in Libya,International Medical Corps has worked inpartnership with the Jordanian Health Aid

Society (JHAS), a local Jordanian NGO. Thispartnership has been mutually beneficial, with

International Medical Corps helping tostrengthen JHAS capacity and at the same time,

JHAS staff have been readily available toInternational Medical Corps to deploy to Libya toprovide much needed support to health facilities.

Eastern Libya


While the situation in Benghazi and much of the east has recently stabilized, the central hospitals inBenghazi and Ajdabiya have continued to receive casualties from the conflict and many people havebeen displaced from areas close to the conflict. In addition, health facilities have faced significantnursing shortages following the exodus of a large number of foreign nurses. At the Benghazi MedicalCenter, the largest health facility in eastern Libya, pediatric and gynecology wings were closed due tothese shortages. These challenges, coupled with shortages of medical supplies due to severedcentral supply lines, have greatly impacted health care provision in eastern Libya.

Following, International Medical Corps ERT arrival in Benghazi on February 27 and assessments

identifying shortages of medical supplies andmedications as well as staff shortages at hospitals, theteam immediately began response activities. OnFebruary 28, medical supplies were provided to the Al-Jella Hospital in Benghazi and three doctors wereseconded to hospitals in Benghazi. On March 2, theteam distributed 300 blankets, lab supplies, chronicmedications and other medical supplies to thecommunity in the Benghazi governorate.

From the initial Benghazi base of International MedicalCorps response efforts in Libya, teams have conductedassessments and provided support as far as Ras Lanufto the west and Derna and Tobruk to the east, as well asto the centers of Benghazi and Ajdabiya and surroundingareas. Response efforts in the east have focused onproviding support to health facilities, internally displacedpersons and medical evacuations from Misurata.

A major response effort has been the provision of 51nursing staff to support health facilities in eastern Libya,including the Benghazi Medical Center, with furtherdeployments planned for this ongoing need. InternationalMedical Corps surgeons also provided assistance at the


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Al Majory polyclinic. Medications and medical supplieshave also been provided to numerous facilities, basedon assessed needs. Supplies have been delivered tocentral health facilities, including Al-Jella hospital,Benghazi Medical Center, Ajdabiya hospital, BregaPolyclinic, Tobruk Hospital and the Quefia ChestHospital in Benghazi, where more than a two-month

supply of tuberculosis and antibiotic medications wasprovided. International Medical Corps has alsoprovided medical supplies to smaller clinics, to supportthe provision of primary health care in the region,including in Soltan (north of Ajdabiya), Zweitina (northof Ajdbaiya), Albethnan (east of Ajdabiya) and Al Marj(north of Benghazi).

International Medical Corps has provided trainings to staff at three health facilities in Benghazi(Benghazi Medical Center, Al-Jella Hospital and the Benghazi Psychiatric Hospital) designed toimprove their capacity to provide support to those affected by the conflict, including survivors of sexualassault. Technical trainings have also been conducted including training for ambulance staff and for

staff providing dialysis services and a symposium was held at the Benghazi Medical Center onAdvanced Trauma Support, which was attended by 40 doctors and nurses. Training of teachers hasalso recently been undertaken, with 21 teachers trained in providing psychological first aid to children.These trainings demonstrate International Medical Corps focus on strengthening capacity, withfurther trainings planned to further enhance the local communitys ability to provide needed services.

International Medical Corps is also working with the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Benghazi, and hasseconded a technical advisor to provide broad strategic health systems advice. This includes briefingson the various roles of the international organizations and logistics assistance for coordinationmeetings, as well as other assistance to strengthen the MOHs capacity. Assistance was alsoprovided to the Libya National Council Medical Supply Committee to establish a unified mechanismfor managing the reporting of needed medical supplies and the coordination of donors.

The main hospital in Ajdabiya has received many of the casualties from the conflict on the easternfront, at one point having to evacuate staff and patients due to the proximity of the fighting and threatto security. International Medical Corps has provided nursing staff as well as medical supplies,including two emergency health kits and a generator for backup power supply to assist the functioningof this vital central health facility. In addition, 27,000 liters of bottled water, a shipment of diapers andfeminine hygiene pads, and food items were provided to the community distribution centre on March28, when fighting was close to the city and basic supplies were limited. With significant troop numbersfrom both sides of the fighting now stationed between Ajdabiya and Brega, International Medical


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Corps is providing additional support to the hospital in anticipation of an escalation in fighting andresultant casualties requiring care at the facility.

With an estimated 100,000 internally displaced peoplewithin eastern Libya due to the conflict, InternationalMedical Corps has distributed needed items, including2,000 hygiene kits, 5,500 bars of soap, over 1,300

blankets, 150 mattresses and 48,600 liters of bottledwater. As the conflict threatened Ajdabiya, tens ofthousands of people fled to safer areas andInternational Medical Corps was close by assessingneeds and responding. In the small town of Albethnan,International Medical Corps identified approximately20,000 displaced people temporarily residing there,experiencing shortages of many essential items. Toaddress urgent needs in IDP settlements, InternationalMedical Corps distributed food and supplies in thetowns of Albethnan and Genane. These distributionswere undertaken in conjunction with the boy scouts of

Benghazi and a community-organized humanitarianconvoy. Food, water, 150 mattresses, charcoal, fueland generators were distributed by InternationalMedical Corps to these communities, with manysupplies and items provided through the generosity oflocal vendors and community members in Benghazi. Inthe Albethnan health clinic, which was significantlyoverstretched in responding to the increased patientcaseload, International Medical Corps providedessential medications, including one InteragencyEmergency Health Kit (IEHK), and medical staff,including one doctor and two nurses to assist in the

provision of medical care.

The primary health care system in the Ajdabiya region is suffering due to the current crisis, with a lackof medical staff at all primary health care clinics adding further pressure on the central hospital.International Medical Corps is providing support for primary health care through the deployment ofmobile medical teams to clinics in the region, in coordination with the MOH in Ajdabiya for visits toidentified health centers. North of Benghazi, in Al Marj, International Medical Corps also hascommenced mobile medical team operations to provide primary health care support to facilities. OnJune 22, consultations were provided for 20 disabled children including specialized evaluations by apediatric neurologist and endocrinologist. As other primary health care centers in Al Marj are alsonoted to be suffering medical staff shortages, International Medical Corps has ascertained that mobilemedical teams will be beneficial in providing needed support to facilities in this region, with additional

visits planned.

In eastern Libya, International Medical Corps will continue to provide support to health facilities. Theteam is also focusing efforts on establishing a rehabilitation center in Benghazi to serve the largenumbers of war-wounded, including at least 600 amputees.

At the Egyptian border, International Medical Corps provided support to the large numbers of third-country nationals fleeing the violence. Medical personnel support and supplies (including an IEHK)were provided to the Ministry of Health Clinic serving the camp near Salloum, where the majority ofthe migrant workers reside pending onwards transportation. Furthermore, a nurse to escort migrantworkers in their long transits to Cairo was provided to ensure safe transportation conditions.


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International Medical Corps/JHAS staff attending to a patientstruggling for his life, on a medevac from Misurata.Photo courtesy of UNHCR / H. Caux

Misurata


Misurata, the third largest city in Libya, was besieged by Gaddafi forces for months. As a result, thepopulation faced dire shortages of medical supplies and food. Electricity was cut to large portions ofthe population for extended periods and hospitals were stretched beyond capacity, at times withoutbeds available for any additional patients. With heavy shelling on the city of Misurata, and highnumbers of civilian and combatant casualties, International Medical Corps responded, orchestratingthe provision of urgently needed medical staff and medical supplies via a small fishing boat from Maltaon April 10. Since this time, International MedicalCorps has deploying over 50 medical staff (many ofthem Libyan expatriates) who have performed over

1,200 surgeries and provided approximately 33tonnes of urgently required medical supplies inorder to support the operations of the two main

hospitals receiving casualties. In addition, over20,000 kilograms of food aid was provided to assistwith shortages, along with a number of generatorsto power essential facilities. This aid has beendelivered from both Malta and Benghazi supplyroutes.

With fighting entering the city streets of Misurata,health facilities were overwhelmed as they receivedan average of 70 casualties per day, many of themcivilians, including women and children. To assistover-stretched hospitals in Misurata, maritime evacuations of medical patients became necessary.

International Medical Corps assisted with provision of care for over 400 medical evacuations ofpatients - many in critical condition - to Benghazi. A field hospital provided by Libyan Aid and installedon a ship enabled International Medical Corps to directly medevac 137 patients in urgent need ofmedical care. With casualties still being received from fighting outside of the city, the need formedevacs is ongoing. International Medical Corps stands ready to provide this support as needed.


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International Medical Corps treats patients at the Dafniya Field Hospital(Photo: Zohra Bensemra: Reuters)

While fighting has since moved outside of the city, many challenges remain. Approximately 35kilometers west, Dafniya is receiving large numbers of casualties from the nearby front lines. 150injured and 31 dead were received in just one day on June 10. International Medical Corps is

supporting the forward aid station in Dafniya, which is providing lifesaving care, with supplies andstaffing. In addition, International Medical Corps has established a field hospital in Dafniya to providefurther support to all casualties wounded in the conflict. The field hospital consists of an operatingroom, treatment areas for ICU and emergency cases, as well as a pharmacy, administrative facilitiesand a prayer area. International Medical Corps has fully staffed the hospital including surgeons,orthopedists, anesthetists and nurses.

With more than 630 dead and 6,000 injured received by hospitals since the beginning of the war, andfurther casualties expected to place an ever-greater burden on health facilities, International MedicalCorps continues to provide needed medical personnel and supplies.

Trainings to build capacity are also

planned, with Emergency MedicTraining already underway for 50senior medical students. The four-week course will educate studentson basic trauma evaluation andmanagement using didactic lectures,skill sessions, and clinical teaching.Once trained, emergency medics willbe deployed to the front lines toprovide on-scene care, patientstabilization and preparation fortransport. They will also staff the

ambulances, forward aid stations,and receiving hospitals. In addition,International Medical Corps is planning to implement rehabilitation and psychosocial programs toprovide further needed support to those affected by the conflict.

With reports that the city of Zliten, under siege by Gaddafi forces, is experiencing critical shortages ofessential items - similar to the situation in Misurata some weeks ago - International Medical Corps isalso assessing mechanisms to provide vital needs to this city.


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Western Libya


In the initial weeks of the conflict, humanitarian organizations were not able to access western Libya.Fighting erupted in the Western Mountains region between Gaddafi and opposition forces, with civiliansettlements significantly impacted through targeted attacks by Grad missiles, bombings, rockets andshelling. Fighting has been particularly fierce for control of the Wazin border post, the entry point tothe Western Mountains. Following opposition forces seizure of the border post on April 21, nearcontinuous shelling of the border area has occurred and heavy fighting has occasionally carried overthe Tunisian border. In response, International MedicalCorps was able to send the first delivery of neededsupplies into western Libya on March 26, followed by amedical team on April 18.

Health facilities in the region are receiving a high numberof casualties, including civilians and combatants from bothsides, as a result of the conflict. Due to the increasedmedical care needs, hospitals have requested assistancefor supplies and staffing. To respond to these needs,International Medical Corps currently has three surgicalteams in the western mountains, integrated into thehospital staff that have provided 5335 consultations andperformed over 262 surgeries.

In addition to providing this vital support for medical care,

needed medications, medical supplies, and surgicalequipment have been delivered to Nalut, Cabao, Jadu, andZintan, as well as recently to Yefren and al-Qalaa. Some ofthese facilities report that the supplies from InternationalMedical Corps are the first assistance that they havereceived from the humanitarian community. Staffing andsupply support in the region is ongoing, including a recentvisit to Yefren, as the fighting continues to exact asignificant toll on the population. International MedicalCorps teams are also prepared to extend the provision aidin the region as possible.


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Tunisian/Libyan border

Indicates where International Medical Corps has conductedassessments/provided support.

Since International Medical Corps deployment of an Emergency Response Team on March 2,activities on the Tunisian side of the Libya/Tunisia border have expanded. As almost half a millionpeople have crossed into Tunisia, International Medical Corps is providing assistance to Libyan

refugees and third-country nationals who continue to flee the violence, providing health servicesthrough field clinics at Ras Ajdir, Dehibat and recently at the Shousha camp. Collectively,International Medical Corps has provided more than 6,800 consultations at these health posts.

At the health post at the Ras Ajdir transit facility, International Medical Corps is providing immediateaccess to care for those who cross into Tunisia. Hygiene kits are distributed to those passing throughthe transit camp and health and hygiene education is provided. Health post activities have alsorecently begun at Shousha camp, the largest camp for those displaced in the Ras Ajdir area. Thisfollowed International Medical Corps activities to construct privacy screens around latrines in thecamp. International Medical Corps will also soon take over operations of the clinic at the Al-Hayatcamp. With plans for the current transit facility to eventually close and for the Al-Hayat camp to serveas the new transit facility, International Medical Corps operations at both health posts will ensure a

smooth transition for the continuation of health services for recent border arrivals.

As a consequence of the violence in the Western Mountains region, many Libyans have fled via theDehibat border, with over 70,000 Libyans estimated to be residing in Tunisia, mostly in the areas ofDehibat, Remada and Tataouine. International Medical Corps health post at Dehibat is providingmedical care (as well as hygiene kits, and health and hygiene education) for those in need,particularly for the large numbers of Libyan refugees. In addition, surgical care is being provided forcasualties received from over the Libyan border, in coordination with the Tunisian military which isresponsible for initial triage and then referral to International Medical Corps for further treatment.


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To equip frontline workers at the refugee camps at Ra s Ajdir with the skills and tools needed tosupport and manage the needs of a population exposed to violence and displacement, InternationalMedical Corps provided psychological first aid training for 74 non-specialized staff most frequentlyinteracting with the affected population. Staff will continue to receive ongoing trainings and support.International Medical Corps will also soon undertake a comprehensive mental health assessment onthe needs of Libyan refugees, the prevalence of mental health cases among them and the capacity of

the Tunisian health system to provide psychological support. Through this assessment InternationalMedical Corps will identify areas to undertake psychosocial support activities which will build upon theexisting local capacity.

Future Response Efforts (Near/Immediate Term)

Based upon an ongoing assessment of needs and the continuing conflict in Libya, InternationalMedical Corps is planning to provide ongoing response efforts. At the same time, longer term needsare beginning to be considered for such a time when the conflict eventually ends.

Emergency Services

The ongoing conflict in several areas of Libya continues to present the most pressing need. As such,International Medical Corps plans to continue to provide emergency medical and surgical personnel,nursing, and other support personnel and activities, and regular supply of essential medical andsurgical supplies to areas of conflict. International Medical Corps will continue to provide care to all inneed of emergency services. In conjunction with the MOH in Misurata, International Medical Corpshas identified that emergency medicine training programs are critically needed to train skilledemergency paramedical personnel, and has already commenced a four-week training program inMisurata for 50 senior medical students.

Medical Evacuations

As needed, International Medical Corps will continue to provide medical evacuations from Misurataand other zones of conflict. Medical staff will be provided and ships will be fitted with the necessaryequipment to ensure safe medical evacuation and relieve the backlog of wounded, making bedsavailable to accept more injured and ill patients.Strengthening Secondary and Tertiary Referral Care

The evacuation of wounded to locations such as Benghazi for more definitive care, will put a greatstrain on a health care system and facilities that already are operating at a reduced capacity.International Medical Corps will continue support these facilities with additional supplies, equipment


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and health care staff and training to upgrade skills, from basic nursing care to advanced trauma lifesupport.

Strengthening Primary Care

In conflict, primary care systems and facilities suffer or collapse, supply chains are disrupted and careproviders are displaced with the local population. All of the above have occurred in Libya and large

numbers of people no longer have access to basic primary health care. International Medical Corpswill leverage its experience in rebuilding disrupted health care systems in many countries around theworld, including Afghanistan, to assist the MOH and NGOs to formulate and implement a coordinatedand coherent effort to bring basic primary care initially to eastern Libya and expanding to other areasas the security situation allows.

Healing the Wounds of War

The current conflict in Libya is resulting in largenumbers of people who have been wounded, oftenwith severe, life-altering wounds includingamputations and head wounds, in additiontoemotional wounds as profound as the physical.International Medical Corps is committed torelieving the pain and suffering of all those whohave been affected and will partner with the MOHand other NGOs, local and international, to rebuildand strengthen rehabilitation services that will becommunity-based, holistic, and comprehensive,addressing the physical and psychological traumathat the war has inflicted on the Libyan people.

The War is Not Over When its OverWar exacts a toll on the most vulnerable that does not end when the active conflict ceases. Theprovision of psychosocial support and mental health care has been identified as an important need forthose affected by the conflict in Libya. International Medical Corps is working to address this needwith ongoing training of staff involved in providing this care and through the development of supportprograms. International Medical Corps will integrate its extensive field experience in programming forprotection, gender-based violence, and community-based psychosocial support into all of itsprogramming for emergency, primary, secondary and tertiary care in Libya.

Focus on Needs of Women and Children

In conflict and post-conflict environments, women and children are especially vulnerable.International Medical Corps prioritizes the needs for women and children through the provision ofmaternal and child health services as well as psychosocial support and protection needs. Training,education and awareness programs empower the local community and strengthening local capacity to

address the needs and issues that women and children in Libya will face in recovering from thecurrent crisis gripping the country.

Rebuilding Health Systems

With significant experience and capacity for rebuilding disrupted health systems, International MedicalCorps will offer services to the MOH and other provisional health authorities, as requested, to chart acourse and begin to implement activities to rebuild Libyas health care systems over the long-term. Aspart of this, education and training opportunities for MOH staff can be provided and InternationalMedical Corps will continue to supply a technical advisor to the MOH to provide guidance for asystemic approach to health care and rebuilding disrupted health infrastructure.

Photo courtesy of UNHCR / H. Caux


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Future Response Efforts (Longer Term)

Technical Assistance

In order to rebuild the post-conflict Libyan health system and adapt to the inherent changes andchallenges that arise, International Medical Corps will offer technical support for the relevant healthauthorities to guide them on relevant best practices in establishing well-functioning health systems.International Medical Corps has already seconded an advisor to the MOH in Benghazi, and will buildupon this collaboration for future health system needs. It is anticipated that once the situationstabilizes in Libya, many resources may be available for health and development needs in Libya. Inthis process, International Medical Corps expects favorable positioning for current donor nations toensure that best practices are employed throughout a post-conflict Libya. Of paramount importancewill be technical assistance to guide relevant Libyan actors in this process.

Nursing

With the exodus of large numbers of foreign nurses from Libya, the national capacity for Libyans toaddress these shortages will be paramount to the recovery of fragile health systems and its ability tomeet future needs. Longer term programs will be needed to provide Libyans with the education,

training and skills needed to become nurses. As these programs will have an initial delay until nursescan graduate and begin working, nursing support will continue.

Chronic Diseases

While the emergency situation is currently dominating health care demands, it will be important not toforget the ongoing health care needs for those with chronic diseases. To meet the significant burdenthat these diseases have on a health system, resources will need to be directed toward the care ofchronic diseases, now and in the aftermath of the current crisis. International Medical Corps will workto address medical supply needs as well as the training of staff in the management of chronicdiseases to assist staff in the transition.

Economic Development

With the conflict causing a significant toll on the economy of the country, many Libyans are facingdifficult economic circumstances. International Medical Corps has experience in providing livelihooddevelopment programs in post-conflict countries, which particularly focus on vulnerable groups,including women, children and the elderly. Training programs and cash for work programs can beimplemented to benefit local communities and assist towards strengthening of local economies.

Emergency Medical Care Development

To improve access to quality emergency medical care for the local population, International MedicalCorps undertakes a system-wide approach to strengthening emergency care across the healthsystem. Through International Medical Corps long history of strengthening health systems inchallenging environments, in addition to its established relationships with international emergencymedicine experts and partnering organizations, International Medical Corps has developed anEmergency Medical Care Development (EMCD) program that utilizes a tested package ofinterventions aimed at building and strengthening emergency trauma and medical care in low- andmiddle-income settings. Spanning the bystander, pre-hospital, and hospital settings, the EMCDprogram aims to improve a countrys or regions emergency medical care, and elevate it tointernational standards via a tested combination of technical assistance, training, and capacitybuilding.


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International Medical Corps' Mission: From Relief to Self-Reliance

International Medical Corps is a global, humanitarian, nonprofit organization dedicated to saving livesand relieving suffering through health care training and relief and development programs. Establishedin 1984 by volunteer doctors and nurses, International Medical Corps is a private, voluntary,nonpolitical, nonsectarian organization. Its mission is to improve the quality of life through healthinterventions and related activities that build local capacity in underserved communities worldwide. Byoffering training and health care to local populations and medical assistance to people at highest risk,and with the flexibility to respond rapidly to emergency situations, International Medical Corpsrehabilitates devastated health care systems and helps bring them back to self-reliance.

International Medical Corps currently operates in 30 countries worldwide

International Medical Corps in the Middle East

International Medical Corps began operations in the Middle East in 2003, as one of the firstinternational NGOs to enter Iraq following the start of war. Since then, International Medical Corps hasexpanded its presence in the region, implementing programs in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Gazathat range from humanitarian relief, to community development and government capacity building.

Within the region, International Medical Corpshas maintained its role as a leader in theprovision of health, mental health, and protectionservices for underserved communities andpopulations affected by conflict and instability.

International Medical Corps approach to theintegration of mental health into the primaryhealth care system has increased accessibility toquality, low-cost services for vulnerablepopulations, including refugees. InternationalMedical Corps has also implemented emergencymedicine development, continuing medicaleducation, women and youth empowerment,early childhood development, and health systemsstrengthening programs with demonstratedsuccess and long-lasting results.

www internationalmedicalcorps org
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