imia 2011 baixauli ethics
TRANSCRIPT
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IMIA International ConferenceHarvard Medical School, 2011
Llus Baixauli OlmosIMIA Director & Spain Rep
Universitat Jaume I (Spain)
Jamia Millia Islamia (India)
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1. INTRO
A bit of context What and what for How
Sample
Method
3. DISCUSSION
Understanding of documents Similarities and divergences
Moral system and structure
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2. DESCRIPTION
Theory: Philosophy &Sociology
Sample: General: Types, aims
contents Specific: Impartiality &
accuracy
4. CONCLUSIONS
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PSI: young occupation and field
Fundamental doubts: practical &philosophical
Search for an ethos (a professional identity) is
prominent, but no consensus
Need for more work
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WHAT
1.Analysis of
deontological docs inforce
2.Focus: impartialityand accuracy
WHAT FOR
i. Understand docs
i. Comprehensive view
ii.Refine blurry ethical
principles
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Object of study: deontological docs andethical principles
Qualitative study: semantic textual analysis Also quantitative criterion
Method: Grounded Theory & Cluster analysis Process:
1. Gathering and selection of docs (sample: 7 docs)
2. Analysis of docs:
General aspects, Ethical concepts, Discussion
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A philosophical viewA sociological view
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Morals
Ethics
Deontology
Setting regulations
General regulations
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Ethics: moral philosophy
Morals & Ethics, related but
Ethics>applied ethics>professional ethics Reflection upon duties and obligations
Moral issues arising from specialization
Goal: lay down a common set of rules Study of rules: Deontology
Professional Ethics & Deontology, related but
Ethics = reflection; Deontology = norms
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Various purposes:
Influence, guide, formulate, express,
communicate, commit, stipulate demands,reflect...
Various types:
Code of ethics/conduct: binding, short, rules
Standards of practice: informative, long,
guidelines
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Outward reading Professionalization processes need:
Developing an ethos Influencing in various areas
Sanctioning of document
Disentangle vicious circle Various views poured in a melting pot
Change crystallized in a document
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Content and purposes: Description of ethos: guidelines
Exaltation of contribution
Justification of existence
Internal control
Training and assessment
Emphasis on independence and autonomy Other: accreditation, regulation of relations,
associations, continued competence Codes value has been questioned
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General elements: types, aims, contents of documentsSpecific elements: ethical principles Accuracy and Impartiality
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The 7 texts are convergent Classification:
1. Scope
2. Agency3. Concreteness
1. SCOPE
All: ASTM, NRPSI, NSGCIS Medical: CHIA, IMIA, NCHIC Legal: NAJIT
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2. AGENCY
Association: CHIA, IMIA, NAJIT Official body: NRPSI, NCHIC
Standardization: ASTM Mixed: NSGCIS
3. CONCRETENESS
Code of ethics: NRPSI, NAJIT Standards of practice: CHIA,
IMIA, NCHIC, NSGCIS Mixed : ASTM
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The documents are intended to: provide information for all and set clear
expectations (6/7)
seek consistency (5/7)
improve quality (4/7)
serve as assessment tools (4/7) for accreditation
(2/7) or hiring (2/7) be used for training purposes (3/7)
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Docs in content,
in form
Info organized in:1. Introduction
2. Body (ethical content)
3. Other issues
1. Introduction
publishing institution
purposes (situation,need)
potential uses
content &organization
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2. ETHICAL CONTENT
Confidentiality: 7/7 no variation
Impartiality: 7/7 no variation
Accuracy: 7/7 Accuracy, Completeness,
Fidelity Professionalism: 5/7
Professionalism,Competence, Integrity,Distance
Respect: 5/7 Respect for individuals and
communities, Nodiscrimination
Competence:4/7 Development , Maintenance
of Skills, Continued
Competence Other: Culture, Conflict of interests,
Limitations of practice,Protocol and demeanour,Credentials, Role
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3. OTHER
Terminology, 7/7
Bibliography, 4/7 Qualifications, 3/7
Organizations, 2/7
Role, 2/7
Settings, 2/7
Responsibilities, 2/7 Other topics:
Needs analysis,protocols, ethical
dilemmas, advocacy
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Distinct value, most common Meaning (very recurrent):
Convey faithfully all messages (7/7). Maintain style, register, tone, naturalness (5/7)
Inform about cultural/technical terms without
equivalent (5/7)
Identify and correct mistakes (5/7)
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Meaning (II, less recurrent):
Inform of duty (4/7)
Avoid interjecting additions, omissions,explanations, suppositions (4/7)
If not understanding, clarification (4/7)
Preserve paraverbal and non-verbal content (3/7)
Provide necessary cultural information (3/7)
Manage spacial configuration (3/7)
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Non-distinct value, most common Meaning:
Disclose interest (6/7)
Disclose personal ties (4/7)
If factor affects impartiality/ trust, considerdeclining or withdrawing (4/7)
Remain impartial and avoid displaying bias (4/7)
Not involve in conversation, give advice orrespond (4/7)
Not filtering or speaking on behalf of (4/7)
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Meaning (II, less recurrent)
Inform of duty and explain it (2/7)
Identify biases and values (2/7) Not interject opinions, beliefs (2/7)
Not interject thoughts (2/7)
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Influence among docs: CHIA, IMIA, NCHIC, NSGCIS
Role has been refined, narrowed
Diversity in length and content: type & scope Introductions Ethical content
Guidelines under principles Principles: Confidentiality, Impartiality, Accuracy
Denominations , articulation
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Goals
Means
Principles
Levels ? Greek
Values what axios
Principles why deon
Goals what for telos
Strategies how praxis
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Impartiality and Accuracy
Accuracy is dense; Impartiality, dispersed
Dependence: Imp is needed for Acc Core: Accuracy = PSIs internal good
Non-ethical content, varied NSGCIS most thorough:
Interpreting and other levels of action
Controversial guidelines: explaining, register
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Codes have to be critically understood andapplied, but not necessarily invalidated
They stem from reflection and need to rely on
training (ASTM) and professional judgement
(NAJIT)
Variety of settings & situations
Classification not straightforward content, format, wording,
Reasonable coincidence theorysample
BUT, role? More restrictive approach?
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Ethics is open, fluid, dynamic, progressive
Structure of professional norms
Values, principles, objectives, strategies
Rules are useful but not sufficient; they mustbe questioned
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Diverse solutions to problems and dilemmas
Ability to justify!
What problem is, Why this strategy
Individual critical construction of professional
judgement
training, practice, continuous development
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Llus Baixauli Olmos
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]