Immigrants flock to America

In the mid-1800s, immigrants came immigrants came to America by the by the thousandsthousands

Most came from from westernwestern Europe EuropeEngland, Ireland, England, Ireland,

Germany, Germany, ScandinaviaScandinavia

Some from ChinaChina

Push Factors – Push Factors – EEmigration migration

((EEXIT)XIT) Population Growth:Population Growth:Europe's population Europe's population

boomedboomed after 1750, and the land became overcrowded

Agricultural Changes Agricultural Changes As Europe's population grew,

so did cities

Landowners wanted to make money selling food to those cities

New methods made it more efficient to farm large areas of land than to rent small plots to tenants

Landlords forced tenants off the small farms

Push Factors – Cause of Emigration

Crop Failures:Crop Failures: Poor harvests Poor harvests made it

difficult for small farmers to pay their debts

Some farmers chose to start start over in Americaover in America

Crop failures also led to led to hungerhunger, causing people to emigrate

Industrial Revolution:Industrial Revolution: Goods produced in Goods produced in

factories became cheaper factories became cheaper than goods produced by artisans

Artisans were out of work, some took factory jobs, others emigrated

Push Factors – Cause of Emigration

Religion:Religion:Quakers Quakers fled

Norway

Jewish left Germany

Political Turmoil:Political Turmoil:Germans came Germans came

after a failed after a failed revolution revolution in Germany in 1848

Pull Factors –Pull Factors –

IImmigration (mmigration (IIn)n) Freedom:Freedom:“…to practiceto practice the teaching

& religion religion he prefers.”he prefers.”

Economic Opportunity:Economic Opportunity:Immigrants sought a land

where they could support their families and have a better future

Immigration rose during during times of U.S. prosperity times of U.S. prosperity and fell during hard times

Pull Factors – Cause of Immigration

Plenty of Land:Land:Because of the

acquisition of the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican Cession, U.S. offered millions U.S. offered millions acres of landacres of land

To land-starved Europeans, America America was a land of was a land of opportunityopportunity

Effects of Effects of ImmigrationImmigration

Many Problems: Problems: Overcrowded citiesOvercrowded citiesLack of sanitationLack of sanitationDiseaseDiseaseCrimeCrimeNo housingNo housing

Dealing with Problems:Dealing with Problems:Aid societies Aid societies founded for founded for

immigrantsimmigrantsPoliticians helped Politicians helped in

exchange for votesfor votesPolice forces Police forces created

Effects of Immigration Many Positive: Positive:

A melting pot More Diversity & CultureCulture

Food○ Hamburger-GermanHamburger-German○ Frankfurter-Germans

LanguagesMusic

○ Polka-GermanHolidays

○ St. Patrick’s Day- IrishSt. Patrick’s Day- IrishTraditionsTraditions

○ Christmas Tree -GermanChristmas Tree -GermanOtherOther

○ Kindergarten-GermanKindergarten-German

Opposition to Opposition to ImmigrationImmigration

Native-born Americans feared Americans feared immigrantsimmigrantsNativistsNativistsToo foreign to learn American waysWould outnumber natives

Nativists worked to oppose worked to oppose immigrantsimmigrantsRefused to hire themFormed societies to keep them from running

for officeFormed a political party- Know-Nothing Know-Nothing

PartyParty

CitizenshipCitizenship Immigrants had a strong impact on American

culture

Many immigrants became citizens of the United StatesImmigrants appreciated the nation’s values & lawsImmigrants appreciated the nation’s values & laws

Immigrants who want to become a citizen must must pass multiple exams (& pay money) pass multiple exams (& pay money) on:EnglishThe U.S. political system The rights and duties of an American citizen

Who was the first President?Who was the first President? George WashingtonGeorge Washington

John AdamsJohn AdamsAbraham LincolnAbraham LincolnThomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson

Name Name oneone war fought by the war fought by the United States in the 1800s.United States in the 1800s. World War IIWorld War II

Civil WarCivil WarKorean WarKorean WarWorld War I World War I

If both the President and the If both the President and the Vice President can no longer Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes serve, who becomes President?President? the President Pro Temporethe President Pro Tempore

the Speaker of the Housethe Speaker of the Housethe Secretary of Statethe Secretary of Statethe Secretary of the Treasurythe Secretary of the Treasury

What ocean is on the West What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?Coast of the United States? Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

Southern OceanSouthern OceanArctic OceanArctic OceanAtlantic Ocean Atlantic Ocean

When was the Declaration of When was the Declaration of Independence adoptedIndependence adopted December 7, 1787December 7, 1787

July 4, 1789July 4, 1789July 4, 1776July 4, 1776March 4, 1789 March 4, 1789

What is the supreme law of What is the supreme law of the land?the land? the Constitutionthe Constitution

the Emancipation Proclamationthe Emancipation Proclamationthe Declaration of Independencethe Declaration of Independencethe Articles of Confederationthe Articles of Confederation