immigration and urbanization ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Immigration and Cities
Italian immigrants in 1905
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Immigration
• “Old” Immigrants• “New” Immigrants• Reasons for
Immigration– Push– Pull
• Process of Immigration
Immigrants disembark at Ellis Island, New York in 1911.
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Immigration
• “Old” Immigrants• “New” Immigrants• Reasons for
Immigration– Push– Pull
• Process of Immigration
Immigrants disembark at Ellis Island, New York in 1911.
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Urban Growth
• Growth of Cities– US Population
• 23 Million (1860)• 92 Million (1910)
• Internal Migration• Lure of Cities
New York, 1905
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City Pop. Increases1860 1910
• New York 1,174,800 4,766,900 305%• Chicago 109,200 2,185,300 1900%• Philadelphia 562,500 1,549,000 300%• St. Louis 160,800 687,000• Boston 177,800 670,600• Cleveland 43,400 560,600 1190%• Baltimore 212,400 558,500• Pittsburgh 77,900 533,900• Detroit 45,600 465,700• Buffalo 81,100 423,700
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Reactions and Responses• Desire to Assimilate• Nativism• Immigration Restriction
League • American Protective
Association
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Life in the Cities
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®
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Statue of Liberty, 1876(Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)Statue of Liberty, 1876(Frederic Auguste Bartholdi)
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John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge,
1883
John A. Roebling:The Brooklyn Bridge,
1883
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Dumbell TenementDumbell
Tenement
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Tenement Slum Living
Tenement Slum Living
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Immigrant Families @ work
Immigrant Families @ work
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Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”
Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”
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Moving out of the tenements
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William “Boss” Tweed
• Filling the void
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Controlling the Tammany HallDemocratic Political Machine
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The New UrbanWorking Class
• Transportation
• Pollution
• Housing
Mulberry Street in New York City about 1900.
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Dumbell TenementDumbell
Tenement
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Jacob Riis photograph of “Street Arabs”, children who roamed the tenement district of New York City.
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Beginnings of Reform
• Settlement houses• Social Gospel born• Temperance• Compulsory education laws• Colleges (remember Morrill?)
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Mass entertainment
• Why now?• Spectator Sports• Vaudeville Shows• Movies• Amusement Parks
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Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, c. 1907
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Café and Vaudeville Stage - Coney Island, 1905
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Coney Island, 1903
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Education
• Why rise in amount of education?– Needs of industry– Rise of mandatory education law
• Women• African Americans
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The End