impacts of nitrogen deposition on microbial community carbon dynamics in forest soils
TRANSCRIPT
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Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Microbial Community Carbon Dynamics in Forest Soils
Daniel H. BuckleySchool of Integrative Plant Science
Christine GoodaleEcology and Evolutionary Biology
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Friedlingstein et al (2006) Journal of Climate. 19:3337
The terrestrial C-cycle is difficult to predict
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Lin Zhang et al., 2012, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4539-4554
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NADP National Trends Network (NTN)
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Rousk et al. 2010
Soil pH is a Driver of Microbial Diversity
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Control
(NH4)2SO4
50 kg N57 kg S
NaNO350 kg N
Background Deposition - 6.6 kg N ha-1 yr-1
- 6.8 kg S ha-1 yr-1
Long Term N x S Enrichment Experiment
Sulfur57 kg S
Started 2011, 3 sites x 2 stand ages40 x 40 m plots + 10 m bufferAmendments (ha-1 yr-1)
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Tree Growth Response
Pre-Treatment (2009-2010) Post-Treatment (2011-2014)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
Pre-
Trea
tmen
t On-
grow
th20
09-2
010
(t h
a-1yr
-1)
Other
WP
WA
SM
RO
RM
QA
EH
BC
BB
AB0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
Post
-Tre
atm
ent O
n-gr
owth
2014
-201
1 (t
ha-1
yr-1
)
Other
WP
WA
SM
RO
RM
QA
EH
BC
BB
AB
Species
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Soil pH at 5 years
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
0-10 cm Mineral
Treatment: p < 0.0001; NO3 > Control > AS, S
Stand: p < 0.0001; CC2, MP2 > CC1, MP1, BH2 > BH1
Treatment x Stand: p < 0.0001
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0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Litt
er D
ecom
p. R
ate
(k y
r-1) Control
NaNO3(NH4)2SO4Sulfur
Litter Decomposition Rate
p = 0.01
p = 0.05
p = 0.001
Year of litter decomposition (t)
p = 0.02
a
b
abab
ab
b
aab
ab
b
aab
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Site*** Treatment*** Site x Treatment*** Stand Age*** Site x Stand Age***
Bacterial Community Composition
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Bacterial Community Composition
Site x Stand Age***
4.7 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.9
4.6 4.74.8 4.6 4.7 4.7
4.54.6
4.74.6 4.5
4.6
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.54.3
4.6
3.9
3.9
4.2
4.4
4.14.6
4.44.6
4.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
BH BH CC CC MP MP
1 2 1 2 1 2
C St
ocks
(t/h
a)
40-50 30-40 20-30 10-20 0-10 FF
Bald Hill Carter Creek Mt. Pleasant
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Prim
ary
Fore
stSe
cond
ary
Fore
stBald Hill Carter Creek Mount Pleasant
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Fungal Community Composition
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2,724 Total Core OTUs
N + S372 OTU
S only169 OTU
N only164 OTU
94 OTU
118 O
TU
62 OTU
~470 Total Responsive OTUs
160-222 (NH4)2SO4 specific 118 N response 94 S/pH response 13-75 NaNO3 specific 0-46 S0 specific
Responsive Bacterial Taxa
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13C-Cellulose
VerrucomicrobiaChloroflexi
Proteobacteria
BacteroidetesPlanctomycetes
Melainabacteria
Log
2 Fol
d C
hang
e
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Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Microbial Community Carbon Dynamics in Forest Soils
School of Integrative Plant Science Daniel H Buckley Spencer Debenport
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Christine Goodale Bhavya Sridhar Charlotte Levy Guin Fredriksen
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Foliar Litterfall
Treatments start
Treatments start
Treatments start
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No pre-treatment differences in soil properties by later treatment.*
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ctrl NO3 AS S
Soil
C St
ock
(t/h
a)
40-50 30-40 20-3010-20 0-10 FF
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Ctrl NO3 AS S
Soil
S St
ock
(t/h
a)
40-50 30-40 20-3010-20 0-10 FF
-5
5
15
25
35
45
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0pH
ControlNaNO3(NH4)2SO4Sulfur
-5
5
15
25
35
45
5 10 15 20 25C/N Ratio
ControlNaNO3(NH4)2SO4Sulfur
*MP1 Control had higher pH than treatment plots. Other stands were better-matched.
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4.7 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.9
4.6 4.74.8 4.6 4.7 4.7
4.54.6
4.74.6 4.5
4.6
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.54.3
4.6
3.9
3.9
4.2
4.4
4.14.6
4.44.6
4.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
BH BH CC CC MP MP
1 2 1 2 1 2
C St
ocks
(t/h
a)
40-50 30-40 20-30 10-20 0-10 FF
Pre-treatment: C stocks varied by site and stand age, and surface pH varied by site.
Four plots per stand,Four cores/plot.
Bars labeled with stand mean pH
Bald Hill Carter Creek Mt. Pleasant Primary or secondary (post-ag.) forest
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0
50
100
150
200
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
CO2
Flux
(mg
C/m
2/hr
)P = 0.003P = 0.14P = 0.28
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
Aver
age
CH4
Flux
(ug
C/m
2/hr
)
P = 0.05P = 1.0P = 0.64
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Control NaNO3 (NH4)2SO4 Sulfur
Med
ian
N2O
Flu
x (u
g N
/m2/
hr)
Gas Flux at 5 years
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20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0 1 2 3 4
Litt
er C
Rem
aini
ng (%
)
ControlNaNO3(NH4)2SO4Sulfur
Year of litter decomp. 1 2 3 4 Year of N x S treatment
Litter Carbon Loss
5
P = 0.028S > AS
(NSD from ctrl)
P = 0.0008S, AS > Ctrl
(+NO3 NSD)P = 0.04S > Ctrl
(+N NSD)
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