implementation of au assembly declaration decl.1 (xiii) rev.1
TRANSCRIPT
Implementation of AU Assembly Declaration Decl.1(XIII) Rev.1
on Land Issues and Challenges in Africa
Reflections on the relevance of outcomes of the 2014 Inaugural Conference on Land Policy
in Africa
Dr Rashid Mbaziira
Department for Rural Economy and Agriculture (DREA), Commission of the African Union
Overview
• Land issues and Challenges in Africa
• Africa’s Commitments on Land Governance
• The Land Policy Initiative Strategic Plan and Roadmap (2012 – 2016)
• Reflections from the Land Conference in Africa Nov. 2014
• Looking into the future
Low agricultureproductivity/development
Increased food insecurity; low economic development; increased poverty; natural resource degradation
Insecure land/ natural Resource rights and tenure
•Pluralistic property regimes•State sovereignty over land •Displacement •Land allocation
•Centralized structures•Lack of transparency•Inadequate consultation•Low access to info•Corruption•Elite capture /grabs
Unequal land distribution
Insufficientfinancial resources
Inadequate/inappropriate policies/legislation
Poor/inaccessible Land Information Systems (LIS)
Low Investment on land
Poor/insecure access to land/ increased vulnerability
Increased land disputes/insecurity /vulnerability
Poor/ low urbandevelopment
Poor/unsustainablenatural resourcemanagement
Colonial LegacyCultural Practices Poor Governance
Low/Inadequate implementation•High cost/long period to secure rights•unfair land allocations
Poor/unresponsiveland administration Low human
resource capacity
•Discrimination against women•Lack of representation•Communal land ownership•Inalienable aspect land
Problem is
Complex,
Multifaceted
• Genesis Mar 2006: examine land
policy issues in Africa to:
– strengthen land rights
– enhance productivity
– improve livelihoods
• Framework & Guidelines (F&G) on
LP in Africa (2009) outlining role of
land in attaining econ. dev’t & poverty
reduction
– vitality of a coordinated land sector,
land admin systems (rights delivery,
governance structures, institutions); &
sector financing for policy dev’t &
implementation
– highlights a pressing and urgent need
to develop and implement a monitoring
system & mechanisms for land policy
formulation and implementation
Africa’s commitments on Land Governance…
• F&G endorsed by Ministerial
Conference in April 2009 in Addis
• Declaration on Land Issues and
Challenges adopted by the HoSG
of AU at July 2009 Summit in Sirte
– urging effective implementation of F&G
– requesting AUC, ECA, AfDB & RECs to
support Member States’ efforts to
review, develop & implement land
policies incl. mechanisms for tracking &
reporting on progress
• Nairobi Action Plan on Large Scale
Land-based Investments (LSLBI)
adopted 2011: urging the dev’t of
principles to encourage sound and
sustainable investments in land, and guide
fiscal policy
Africa’s commitments on Land Governance…
• Guiding Principles (May 2014): identify fundamentals to enable Member
States optimise benefit from LSLBI thru
taking well informed decisions
• Fundamental Principles
– LSLBI Respect Human Rights of
Communities
– LSLBI are guided by a National
Strategy/Pla for Sustainable Agric. Dev’t
– Decisions on LSLBI are based on Good
Governance Principles
– LSLBI Respect the Land Rights of and
Benefit Women
– Minimising Risks and Maximising
Benefits of LSBI
– Member States uphold high standards of
cooperation, mutual accountability &
M&E
Africa’s commitments on Land Governance…
The Land Policy Initiative Strategic Plan and
Roadmap (2012 – 2016)
• Vision: a peaceful and prosperous Africa
realised thru equitable access, efficient
and sustainable utilisation of land
• Mission: ensure all users have equitable
access to land and security of all land
rights
• Goal: assist AU Member States in the
implementation of the Assembly Decl. on
Land Issues in line with the F&G to achieve
socio-econ dev’t, peace and security, and
env’t sustainability
Results pathway…
Research/
Analysis of
Policy
Options
Policy review
and/or
development
Policy
Implementati
on
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Identify
of Policy Issue/
Constraint
AUC, ECA, AfDB-LPI, RECs, Govts, Development partners
(Financial, Capacity/Technical Support)
G
o
o
d
L
a
n
d
G
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
Policy
Dialogue/
Advocacy
Land users
farmers,
pastoralists,
private sector,
FOs, CSOs,
business
associations,
Researchers
Academia.
Research/think
tanks, CSO,
Parliament
Policymakers
Govt
(Legislators,
Parliament,
Executive)
Policy
Implementers
Govt (Executive
Branch,
Judiciary,
Ministries,
agencies
Oversight/
Monitoring
(Parliament,
line
ministries,
CSOs, etc)
Policy Developers Implementers
Partners funding Collaborators
LPI Strategy/Roadmap
RA1: Enhance LPI Capacity to
implement declaration
RA2: Mainstream land in the African
developmental agenda
RA3: Build synergies, coordination,
partnerships & mobilise resource
RA4: Promote communication and
advocacy
RA5: Research and knowledge
generation
RA6: Capacity development
RA7: Knowledge management
RA8: Monitoring and Evaluation
RA 5,7. Research, Knowledge Management and Sharing
Research Products: Women’s
Land rights; Large Scale
Investments; Land
administration; Customary
Land rights; Land, Ethnicity,
conflict; Urban
development; Resilience, climate change
KM Tools: LandObs, VALPAF
(Virtual African Land Policy
and Administration Facility)
• Conference on land Policy in Africa
• Journal (online) on land
policy in Africa
Land Conference in Africa: Rationale
• Land central to development in Africa
• Need for evidence that backs up to Africa’s land
governance needs
• Growing momentum on land policy research,
development and implementation in region
Much needed is a platform to:
• Present research findings and shape research
activities on land policy in Africa
• Complement existing land policy learning events
by:
• Expanding opportunities for participation by African
practitioners
• Nuancing global discussion to meet the specific needs of
the African land policy community
What
A policy and learning event to promote
evidence based land policymaking and
implementation
Why
To deepen capacity for land policy in
Africa through improved access to
knowledge and information
How
By sharing and generating interest in new
evidence; showcasing emerging and
promising practices and facilitating
networking
Land Conference in Africa: Rationale/2
Specific Objectives
Address strategic land issues in line with
theme of the Conference
Land Conference in Africa: Objectives
The Next Decade of Land Policy in Africa –: Ensuring
Agricultural Development and Inclusive Growth
Governance
frameworks:
experiences
& coherence
at country
level
- VG
- GP
- ELGAF
Inclusive
agricultural
growth
- CAADP
- LSLBI
Land Administration
Youth and land
Women’s
land rights
Addressing
persistent
bottlenecks
Land policy
dev’t and
implementat
ion
–
Experiences
and
emerging
good
practices
Land
administration
Experiences
and
emerging
good
practices
Securing
land rights
under
different
tenure
regimes
Youth, gender, water
Theme and Sub-themes
Specific Objectives
Address strategic land issues in line with
theme of the Conference
Provide space for informed policy dialogue
among stakeholder different groups
Create a platform for shared learning across
a wide range of stakeholders
Raise the profile of and advocate for key
areas of LPI work in land policy
Mobilize resources for key areas of work in
land policy
Land Conference in Africa: Objectives
Anticipated Outcomes
Improved awareness of the F &G and the AU
Declaration on Land
Delivery against components of LPI strategic plan
Land policy issues in Africa highlighted
Strengthened capacity of stakeholders to:
address policy issues related to selected themes
host a world class regional learning event
coordinate associated scientific processes (vetting,
review and approval of abstracts and papers)
Stronger network
Land Conference in Africa: Sought Outcomes
Approach
Conference- Conference plenaries
- Side events
- Panels
- Exhibitions
- Social media
platforms
Outputs
- Conference report
- Conference Proceedings
- Journal
Contributors
• LPI
• Partners
• Scientific
Committee/
Editorial
Committee
Inputs
- Draft papers
- Exhibition,
concepts
- Gray material
• Governments,
• RECs and AU
organs
• Academia
• CSO & women
Land Conference in Africa: Approach
• groups
• UN agencies
• Media
• Pvt sector
• Farmer groups
The Next Decade of Land Policy in Africa –: Ensuring
Agricultural Development and Inclusive Growth
Governance
frameworks:
experiences
& coherence
at country
level
- VG
- GP
- ELGAF
Inclusive
agricultural
growth
- CAADP
- LSLBI
Land Administration
Youth and land
Women’s
land rights
Addressing
persistent
bottlenecks
Land policy
dev’t and
implementat
ion
–
Experiences
and
emerging
good
practices
Land
administration
Experiences
and
emerging
good
practices
Securing
land rights
under
different
tenure
regimes
Youth, gender, water
Theme and Sub-themes
Highlights lessons/outcomes
• A lot has been done over the past ten years to produce frameworks, guidelines, strategies etc -• Impact, though, can only be felt if these are domesticated/implemented at
national level
• High demand to translate into tangible benefits at local level of the undertakings and resolutions of the Assembly Declaration on Land Issues and Challenges• Need for strong political will, commitment and leadership, as well as
empowerment of local communities, women and youth could not be overemphasised
• High availability of info. materials on women's land rights; andland viz industrialisation, urbanisation, water mgmt etc• demonstrating the shared vision of land as a valuable natural resource
endowment a framework and mechanisms for which are required to strengthen rights, enhance productivity & equitably and inclusively improve livelihoods
Way forward
• Advocacy for research
• Capacity development to strengthen role of
universities in analysis, data, M&E
• South-South, North-South partnerships and linkages
• Monitoring outcomes of conference and
institutionalising the event into a biannual platform
for setting a common research and policy
implementation agenda on land issues in Africa
• Evaluating the input of research to land
governance
Input to Land governance – the relevance
Land Issues Desired Outcomes
Securing/Protection of all rights Participatory land policy
processes
Allocation of adequate
budgetary resources
Consultative land policy process
Transparency in land
management
Inclusive land policy process
Improvement in land
administration
Accessibility of land policy
services
Improvement in land access
and distribution
Promoting economic
development
Prioritisation of land issues in
national development planning
Accessibility of land policy
services
Prioritization of land policy
development and
implementation processes
Functioning Land markets
Integration at political level? … the STC on Agric, Rural
Dev’t, Water and Environment
• Composition• Ministers in charge of Agriculture, Rural Development, Water, and
Environment from Member States
• Powers and Functions• i) review, examine and consider adoption of policies and strategic
frameworks designed for the development of African agriculture, the
rural economy, water and the environment;
• ii) follow up and review progress on, and provide strategic
guidance for, the implementation of relevant AU Decisions, policies,
strategies and action plans on agriculture, rural development, water
and environment;
• iii) initiate, develop and promote African common positions on
strategic areas and themes in matters that concern agriculture, rural development, water and environment, and advocate for Africa’s
representation with a united voice in global negotiations;
Into the future: the STC on Agric, Rural Dev’t, Water
and Environment
• Powers and Functions (2)• v) ensure harmonization and coordination of initiatives, policies,
programmes and strategies espoused by various actors at
continental and regional levels in the areas of agriculture, rural development, water and environment; and ensure that overall
political guidance and coordination is provided by the African
Union;
• vi) review and examine strategic partnerships in the areas of agriculture, rural development, water and environment with a view to
ensuring effectiveness of the partnerships and mutual accountability;
• i) carry out any other functions assigned to it by the Executive
Council or the Assembly.