Implications and Realities Implications and Realities of IPv6 of IPv6

Christian HuitemaChristian HuitemaArchitect, Windows ® NetworkingArchitect, Windows ® NetworkingMicrosoft ® CorporationMicrosoft ® Corporation

How will IPv6 change the How will IPv6 change the world?world?

Global addressing: Global addressing: 64+64 format: 1.8E+19 networks, units64+64 format: 1.8E+19 networks, units 1E+16 networks, assuming IPv4 efficiency1E+16 networks, assuming IPv4 efficiency 1 million networks per human1 million networks per human 2 networks per sq.ft of Earth (20 per m2 networks per sq.ft of Earth (20 per m22))

Plug and play: Plug and play: IP networking easier than IPXIP networking easier than IPX

Efficient mobility:Efficient mobility: Simple instant-on ad-hoc networkingSimple instant-on ad-hoc networking Mobile IP, without servers, without doglegMobile IP, without servers, without dogleg

Problem 1: Peer-to-peerProblem 1: Peer-to-peerRTP audio exampleRTP audio example

With NAT:With NAT: Need to learn the address “outside the NAT”Need to learn the address “outside the NAT” Provide that address to peerProvide that address to peer Need either NAT-aware application, or Need either NAT-aware application, or

application-aware NATapplication-aware NAT May need a third party registration server to May need a third party registration server to

facilitate finding peersfacilitate finding peers

Home LAN Internet

P1

NAT Home LAN

P2

NAT

Solution 1: Peer-to-peer Solution 1: Peer-to-peer RTP audio exampleRTP audio example

With IPv6:With IPv6: Just use IPv6 addressJust use IPv6 address

P1 P2

Home LAN InternetHomeGateway Home LANHome

Gateway

Problem 2: MultipartyProblem 2: MultipartyConference Example Conference Example

With NAT, complex and brittle software:With NAT, complex and brittle software: 2 Addresses, inside and outside2 Addresses, inside and outside P1 provides “inside address” to P3, “outside P1 provides “inside address” to P3, “outside

address” to P2address” to P2 Need to recognize inside, outsideNeed to recognize inside, outside P1 does not know outside address of P3 to P1 does not know outside address of P3 to

inform P2inform P2

P1 P2

P3Home LAN InternetNAT Home LANNAT

Solution 2: Multiparty IPv6Solution 2: Multiparty IPv6Conference ExampleConference Example

With IPv6:With IPv6: Just use IPv6 addressesJust use IPv6 addresses

P1 P2

P3Home LAN InternetHome

Gateway Home LANHomeGateway

Problem 3: Ad-hoc Problem 3: Ad-hoc networkingnetworking

IPv4: media lock + IPv4: media lock + 63 sec.63 sec. Try DHCPTry DHCP Wait for timeoutWait for timeout Select AutoNet Select AutoNet

addressaddress Conflict detectConflict detect

Solution 3: Ad-hoc Solution 3: Ad-hoc networkingnetworking

IPv6: media lock + IPv6: media lock + 1 sec.1 sec. Configure using Configure using

MACMAC Conflict detectConflict detect

‘cell’ B

Problem 4: Move Problem 4: Move from “cell” to “cell”from “cell” to “cell”

IPv4:IPv4: Tell server,Tell server, Packets are Packets are

relayed through relayed through the serverthe server

P1

P2

‘cell’ A

Internet

Relay

‘cell’ B

Solution 4: Move from Solution 4: Move from “cell” to “cell” with IPv6“cell” to “cell” with IPv6

IPv6:IPv6: Tell server + peerTell server + peer Packets take Packets take

direct pathdirect path

P1

P2

‘cell’ A

Internet

Relay

If IPv6 is so great, how If IPv6 is so great, how come it is not there yet?come it is not there yet?

NetworkNetwork No “push-button” No “push-button”

transitiontransition Need to ramp-up Need to ramp-up

investmentinvestment

ApplicationsApplications Need upfront Need upfront

investment, investment, stacks, etc.stacks, etc.

Similar to Y2K, 32 Similar to Y2K, 32 bit vs. “clean bit vs. “clean address type”address type”

Pure “Version 6” InternetPure “Version 6” Internet

Original “Version 4” InternetOriginal “Version 4” Internet

6to4 Site6to4 Site 6to4 Site6to4 Site

Transition, with 6to4:Transition, with 6to4:No dependency on “core”No dependency on “core”

6to4 addresses:6to4 addresses:1 v4 address = 1 v6 network1 v4 address = 1 v6 network

Stateless tunnel over the IPv4 network Stateless tunnel over the IPv4 network without configurationwithout configuration The IPv6 address contains the IPv4 addressThe IPv6 address contains the IPv4 address Entire campus infrastructure fits behind single Entire campus infrastructure fits behind single

IPv4 addressIPv4 address

FP  (3bits)

TLA  (13bits)

IPv4 Address  (32bits) SLA ID  (16bits) Interface ID (64bits)

001 0x0002 ISP assignedLocally

administeredAuto configured

Recent Press on IPv6Recent Press on IPv6

May 16, 2000May 16, 2000 — The nationwide — The nationwide Internet2Internet2™ backbone ™ backbone network, Abilene, today announced it has deployed IPv6, network, Abilene, today announced it has deployed IPv6, the next generation version of protocols that form the basis the next generation version of protocols that form the basis of the Internet. … a project of the University Corporation for of the Internet. … a project of the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) in partnership with Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) in partnership with Qwest Communications, Cisco Systems, Nortel Networks Qwest Communications, Cisco Systems, Nortel Networks and Indiana Universityand Indiana University

May 15, 2000 — May 15, 2000 — AppleApple® today released its fourth developer ® today released its fourth developer preview of Mac® OS X … The pre-release of IPv6 and IPsec preview of Mac® OS X … The pre-release of IPv6 and IPsec technologies for Mac OS X is available for Developer technologies for Mac OS X is available for Developer Preview-4.Preview-4.

May 08, 2000 May 08, 2000 —— NokiaNokia has established a company-wide has established a company-wide program to promote the IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) program to promote the IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) standard for increased Internet address space for the standard for increased Internet address space for the Mobile Internet. Mobile Internet.

March 20, 2000March 20, 2000 — Japanese telecommunications giant — Japanese telecommunications giant NTTNTT last week announced the first commercial Internet service last week announced the first commercial Internet service supporting IPv6 …supporting IPv6 …

March 14, 2000 March 14, 2000 —— CiscoCisco Systems, the leading provider of Systems, the leading provider of Internet routers, this week affirmed for the first time that Internet routers, this week affirmed for the first time that its software and hardware products will support IPv6 … IOS its software and hardware products will support IPv6 … IOS software, scheduled to ship in October.software, scheduled to ship in October.

March 15, 2000March 15, 2000 — — MicrosoftMicrosoft Corp. today announced it will Corp. today announced it will make the technical preview of Internet Protocol version 6 make the technical preview of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) available for free* download on the Microsoft (IPv6) available for free* download on the Microsoft Software Developers Network (MSDNSoftware Developers Network (MSDNTMTM) Web site) Web site

Microsoft RoadmapMicrosoft Roadmap

Phase 1 - March 1998 => MSR releases Phase 1 - March 1998 => MSR releases prototype for NT4prototype for NT4 IPv6 on MSR Web IPv6 on MSR Web

Phase 2 - March 2000 => Early developer release Phase 2 - March 2000 => Early developer release for W2kfor W2k IPv6 on MSDN WebIPv6 on MSDN Web

Next phase: Next phase: Work on further IPv6 releaseWork on further IPv6 release Test and port applications, test the transition tools.Test and port applications, test the transition tools.

Goal: IPv6 and IPv4 parityGoal: IPv6 and IPv4 parity Customer chooses!Customer chooses!

Eventually => IPv4 becomes legacy Eventually => IPv4 becomes legacy

Key MessagesKey Messages

Ipv6 direct addressing of all stations Ipv6 direct addressing of all stations enables peer-to-peer, conferencing, enables peer-to-peer, conferencing, auto-configuration, mobility. auto-configuration, mobility.

Transition to Ipv6 akin to Y2K Transition to Ipv6 akin to Y2K (upgrade all SW to 128-bit (upgrade all SW to 128-bit addresses) addresses)

To help industry move along this To help industry move along this path, MSFT proposed a stack for path, MSFT proposed a stack for Win2000 and MS will continue to Win2000 and MS will continue to iterate this based on industry iterate this based on industry feedback feedback

For More InformationFor More Information

Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview NewsMicrosoft IPv6 Tech Preview News http://www.microsoft.com/PressPass/http://www.microsoft.com/PressPass/

press/2000/Mar00/IPv6PR.asppress/2000/Mar00/IPv6PR.asp Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview KitMicrosoft IPv6 Tech Preview Kit

http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/tpipv6.aspsdks/platform/tpipv6.asp

Microsoft IPv6 white paperMicrosoft IPv6 white paper http://www.microsoft.com/technet/http://www.microsoft.com/technet/

network/ipvers6.aspnetwork/ipvers6.asp IPv6 industry siteIPv6 industry site

http://www.ipv6.org http://www.ipv6.org