import car

A

March 2013

MAGAZINE

❯❯ Gonzo’s Toolbox ❯❯ Car Care Month ❯❯Rotor Runout & DTV

Reader Service: go to www.ICRapidResponse.com

CONTENTS

Publisher Jim Merle, ext. [email protected]

Editor Mary DellaValle, ext. [email protected]

Managing Editor Jennifer Clements, ext. [email protected]

Technical Editor Larry Carley [email protected]

Graphic Designer Kelly Gifford, ext. [email protected]

Ad Services Director Cindy Ott, ext. [email protected]

2 March 2013 | Import-Car.com

30CVT TechnologyPerformance & Fuel Economy

John Volz was surprised thatSubaru was re-introducing theCVT when he purchased a 2010Outback for his shop shuttle vehicle. But the new version is afar cry from the CVT in the Justyin the early 1990s.

30

2648

48Diagnostic SolutionsNVH Complaints

Import Specialist ContributorGary Goms discusses how to diagnose noise, vibration andharshness (NVH) complaints inworn drivetrain components likeuniversal joints, CV joints orwheel hub assemblies.

ImportCar Staff

Volume 35, No. 3

DEPARTMENTS6 Publisher’s Perspective

8 News Update

11 Guess the Car Contest

14 Editor’s Notebook

16 Gonzo’s Tool Box

20 Guest Editorial: Rich White

26 Tech Update: Rotor Runout & DTV

56 Import Tech Tips

59 Essentials (New Products)

62 Ad Index

63 Classifieds

68 NASCAR Performance

A Publication


Columns

6

16

20

56

IMPORTCAR (ISSN 1069-4714)(March 2013, Volume 35, Number 3): Published monthly by Babcox Media, Inc., 3550 Embassy Parkway, Akron, OH 44333 U.S.A. Phone (330) 670-1234, FAX (330) 670-0874. Periodical postage paid at Akron, OH 44333 and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to IMPORTCAR, 3550 Embassy Parkway, Akron, OH 44333. IMPORTCAR is a trademark of Babcox Media, Inc. registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark office. All rights reserved.A limited number of complimentary subscriptions are available to individuals who meet the qualification requirements. Call (330) 670-1234, Ext. 260, to speak to a subscriptionservices representative or FAX us at (330) 670-5335. Paid Subscriptions are available for non-qualified subscribers at the following rates: U.S.: $69 for one year. Canada: $89for one year. Canadian rates include GST. Ohio residents add current county sales tax. Other foreign rates/via air mail: $129 for one year. Payable in advance in U.S. funds. Mail payment to IMPORTCAR, P.O. Box 75692, Cleveland, OH 44101-4755. VISA, MasterCard or American Express accepted.

Member BPA International, Inc.Founded 1979. �2013 by Babcox Media, Inc.

Follow us on TwitterBecome a fan on Facebook

Contributing WritersBob Dowie, Village Auto Works, Chester, NY

Gary Goms, formerly of Midland Engine Electronics & Diagnostics, Buena Vista, CO

Bob Howlett, The Swedish Solution,Orange Village, OH

Scott “Gonzo” Weaver, Superior Auto Electric,Tulsa, OK

Bob Dowie, Village Auto Works, Chester, NY

Chris Klinger, Precision Incorporated, Tucson, AZ

Steve Louden, Louden Motorcar Services, Dallas, TX

Frank Scandura, Frank’s European Service,Las Vegas and Henderson, NV

Joe Stephens, Stephens Automotive, Palatine, IL

John Volz, Volz Bros., Grass Valley, CA

Babcox Media, Inc.

Editorial Advisory Board

3550 Embassy ParkwayAkron, OH 44333-8318

President Bill Babcox [email protected]

Vice President/ Greg CiraChief Financial Officer [email protected]

Vice President/ Jeff StankardGroup Publisher [email protected]

Controller Beth Scheetz [email protected]

In Memoriam

Founder of Edward S. BabcoxBabcox Publications (1885-1970)

Chairman Tom B. Babcox (1919-1995)


Print is alive and well! However, advancements in technology with smart phonesand tablets continue to amaze most of us and, with you in mind, we have takenadvantage of these opportunities, hence the launch of our App; AVI PLAY!

I could spend the next few paragraphs describing the value of AVI PLAY that willnow unlock bonus content from select pages of each issue, but instead, I’m asking youto experience the magical technology of Augmented Reality by following these twoeasy steps:

Look for the AVI PLAY App logo and callouts identifying technical features and advertisements powered by AVI PLAY beginning with this issue, and every issue of ImportCar moving forward.

It’s all about expanding the amount of relevant information foryou with each issue of ImportCar.

Share your thoughts by contacting me at 330-670-1234ext. 280, or by e-mail at [email protected].

Onward!Jim

EXPERIENCE THE MAGIC of AVI PLAY And Watch Me Come Alive!

1. From your Apple or Android smartphone or tablet, visitwww.AVIplayApp.com to downloadAVI PLAY.

2. Open the AVI PLAY App once it’sdownloaded and hold your device overthis page to unlock a message from me,including some fascinating graphics thatwill appear on your device’s screen.

» Publisher’s Perspective By Jim Merle | PUBLISHER

[NewsUpdate

Three lucky WORLDPACcustomers were recently announced as the winners ofWORLDPAC’s “Born To BeWild” Sweepstakes, featur-ing a first grand-prize choice from these motorcycles: BMW R1200R;Ducati Streetfighter 84; Harley-Davidson Super Glide Custom; andtwo Yamaha YZ125s. Second and third prizes were a Yamaha Grizzly350 ATV and a 70” plasma TV, respectively.

Participants qualified for the Born To Be Wild Sweepstakes by purchasing products from WORLDPAC during the November and December 2012 incentive period, and doubled their chances of winning by purchasing brake components.

“We would like to congratulate all of the winners of our Born tobe Wild Sweepstakes,” said Mario Recchia, senior vice president ofmarketing for WORLDPAC. “This incentive has created a hugeamount of interest with our customers and has been one of our mostsuccessful programs.”

1st Prize winner — Star Auto Services, San Jose, CA;2nd Prize winner — JC’s British & 4x4, Englewood, CO; and3rd Prize winner — C G Motorsports of Richmond, British

Columbia.

WORLDPAC Announces Winners of‘Born To Be Wild’ Sweepstakes

Veyance Technologies AnnouncesGatorback Club Grand-Prize WinnerVeyance Technologies, Inc., manufacturer of Goodyear EngineeredProducts, announces that Robert Ostrander of Mr. Fix It in OtterLake, MI, is the 2012 Goodyear Gatorback Club grand-prize winner.

Ostrander’s Goodyear Engineered Products sales reps presentedhim with his grand-prize winnings at a celebratory lunch, including a$1,750 Snap-on Tools gift card, a $1,750 Visa debit card and an arrayof Goodyear Engineered Products apparel and merchandise.

Ostrander has been a Gatorback Club Member for two years andwas thrilled to be named the 2012 grand-prize winner. “The win-nings will help me start up my new shop,” he said. “I use Gatorbackproducts because they are the most reliable, and now they are helping me launch my new business.”

The Gatorback Club is Veyance Technologies’ longstanding installer rewards program that allows members to earn points forevery qualifying Goodyear Engineered Products part purchased. Tolearn more about the Gatorback Club and to sign up for rewards,visit www.goodyearep.com/gatorbackclub.

[NewsUpdate

Tenneco has announced a comprehensive 2013 Expert Plus dealer loyalty program, including increased consumer offers and trade rewards, newpoint-of-sale merchandising and a full calendar ofexclusive promotions, that will help continuouslydrive new ride and emissions control sales to itsmembers.

The Expert Plus program, created to help auto-motive service businesses increase their share ofthe undercar service market, offers consumerpromotions, members-only sales incentives, attractive point-of-sale merchandising, consumereducation materials, technician training rewards

and many other benefits. The enrollment fee forthe annual program is $99.

The 2013 Expert Plus membership packagefeatures the Expert Plus “Preferred Customer”rebate book: a unique rebate coupon book thatallows service professionals to extend promo-tional offers on Tenneco products outside of thestandard promotional periods. During 2013, themail-in rebates include valuable offers for premium ride and emissions control products.

Visit www.monroe.com/service-profession-als/Expert-Plus for more information.


TENNECO OFFERS EXCLUSIVE PROMOTIONS AND REWARDS TO EXPERT PLUS MEMBERS

Reader Service on BendPak insert: go to www.ICRapidResponse.com

NewsUpdate]

Import-Car.com 11

WIX Filters is partnering with Babcox Media tosponsor the 2013 Tomorrow’s Technician’s Schoolof the Year, Counterman’s Counter Professional ofthe Year and the Babcox TechGroup’s Best Techprogram supporting excellence at every level ofthe automotive repair industry.

“We are excited to continue our partnerships tosupport all aspects of the automotive aftermarketindustry,” said Mike Harvey, brand manager forWIX Filters. “Each year we see high-caliber nomi-nations from the best technical schools, counterprofessionals and technicians, and we look for-ward to reviewing top-of-the-line industry profes-sionals and school nominations for 2013.”

The School of the Year program(www.ttschooloftheyear.com), a national searchto find and name the best tech training school inthe country with O’Reilly Auto Parts as a partner, isopen to all high schools or post-secondary schoolsthat have a subscription to Tomorrow’s Technician.Judges will then review entry criteria and select

the top school from each of the four regions in theU.S. The winner will be selected from the four fi-nalists and announced at the Automotive After-market Products Expo (AAPEX) in November. Thisis the sixth year a school will be recognized.

The Counter Professional of the Year award(www.counterman.com/cpoty.aspx) recognizesan automotive aftermarket parts professional whogoes above the call of duty; continually seeks outeducation for himself or herself; is an example ofthe consummate parts professional; and is an am-bassador for the aftermarket. This year will be the28th year that Counterman magazine has namedits Counter Professional of the Year, sponsored byAffinia Group Inc., Raybestos Chassis and WIX.

The Best Tech award (www.besttech2013.com)recognizes the skills and professionalism oftoday’s automotive technicians, from demonstrat-ing excellence in the automotive service industryto engaging in the local community. This is thethird year a recipient will be recognized.

#12

GUESS THE CAR! WIN $50!

January Solution: Ford Focus

Solved by: Steve Sitzmann, Technician,Joel’s Auto Repair, Des Moines, IA

CONGRATULATIONS Steve!

What vehicle MAKE does the picture on the left represent?Submit your guess with our online contest form by visitingwww.Import-Car.com/guessthecar.

The winner will be randomly selected fromcorrect entries and awarded $50. Entriesmust be received by April 1, 2013.

#11

Employees of Babcox Media, industry manufacturers and ImportCar advertisers are not eligible to enter.

WIX Sponsors 2013 ‘School of the Year,’ ‘CounterPro of the Year’ and ‘Best Tech’ Award Programs


NewsUpdate]

KYB Americas Corp. announces the release of the latest versionof its Certified Ride Control Center Kit. Intended for automotive service providers, the kit is designed to help make it easier toevaluate vehicle control conditions and how to accurately com-municate those conditions to the motorist via new HD graphicanimation technologies and helpful training aids.

In addition toPOP materials, thenew kit integratesQR code andgraphic animationtechnology, mostof which is avail-able on the newKYB Digital MediaLibrary. The newmulti-media librarycontains HD com-puter-graphic ani-mations designedto help the

motorist understand what ride control does and how wear af-fects designed vehicle performance. The library includes a 15-minute training video that can show the shop how to earn moreshock and strut sales, and how to keep their customer in thedesigned vehicle control. Participating service providers willalso receive quarterly e-tips, updates and training via a dedicated channel within KYB.

As a reward for completing KYB training and passing an on-line quiz, KYB Certified Ride Control Center Kit purchasers canalso get up to $100 in rebates.

“Investing in the service provider’s success is a KYB top prior-ity,” said KYB’s Director of Marketing and Training Mac McGov-ern. “Our Stability Control & Sales Training is acclaimed best inthe industry. This new KYB Certified Ride Control Center Kit isaffordable and exactly what they need to take advantage of thelatest graphic animation, mobile technology marketing and in-shop training tools.” IC

KYB Americas Corp. Announces New CertifiedRide Control Center Kit

By Mary DellaValle|EDITOR[Editor’sNotebook

For more than 33 years, ImportCar has been your trusted sourcefor technical information on import nameplates. Our value statement has never waivered, as we provide you with resource-

ful content that covers the predominant underhood and undercar service work you perform on a daily basis, and the nameplates inwhich you specialize.

And, now we’re offering you even more value, as we presentAugmented Reality.

As we help you work smarter to stay ahead of the competition,Augmented Reality will provide you with digital content in theform of videos, demonstrations or moving 3D programs. The con-tent “comes alive” for the viewer, making the information-sharingexperience more engaging for our readers.

Beginning with this issue, your smart device will be the perfectcomplement to ImportCar magazine for releasing this excitingtechnical content (see download instructions below).

‘Augmented Reality’ Content Enhances Your ImportCar Reading Experience

Mary DellaValle, [email protected]

For owners of smart devices, this type of content will be readily available at your finger-tips, and can be viewed at any time from within ImportCar magazine.

We’ve provided this exciting bonus AugmentedReality content throughout this issue (listed above).It’s presented in short, informative clips that enhance the technical article in which it’s found.

We at Babcox Media see this as the next step inthe dissemination of technical and instructionalcontent to shop owners and technicians. By pairing up print with today’s digital devices, the

connection to our readers has never been better.Through our AVI PLAY app, we can provide

demos from advertisers, trainers and other tech-nicians to give you a better understanding of acomponent, topic or repair.

This is not just a one-time occurrence with thisissue. The editorial staff, along with our advertis-ers and industry association supporters, pledgeto bring you fresh, bonus content in each subse-quent issue of ImportCar.

And when watching this bonus content, we invite you to share it with others in the shop.

These are exciting times in the ways we canreach shop owners and techs. We feel that lever-aging digital media to complement our printproducts is the best way to bring more value toyou — our loyal subscribers.

We would like your feedback on this newmedium. Please e-mail your questions, commentsor suggestions for material for future AVI PLAYcontent to: [email protected]. IC

Editor’sNotebook]Augmented Reality ContentIn This Issue:

Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page

Publisher’s Perspective . . . . . . . . . . .6

Rotor Runout & DTV feature . . . . . .26

Scan Tool Diagnostics feature . . . . .40

Auto-Video Inc. (AVI) . . . . . .51 and 61

In the automotive repair profession, ASE certifi-cations, manufacturer certifications and years ofservice are just some of the ways to distinguish

one as a pro vs. a parts-swapping technician. I try to approach each and every job as a pro-

fessional. This includes detailing my repairwork and striving to make each repair asneat and orderly as possible. (Sloppywork usually means sloppy results.) Itdoesn’t matter whether the job is for acustomer off the street or for another re-pair shop, it’s important that you do themost professional job possible.

I recently got a car from a small motorswap shop that I used to visit once in agreat while. They never sent me a lot of work,but their techs would call me constantly askingfor information on how to repair something; avery rude practice in my opinion.

Grudgingly, I told them I would look at this oneparticular car, even though it didn’t sound likeone I wanted to deal with. The car had a zillionmiles on it with a turbo/intercooler engine underthe hood. The car definitely had seen better days.

While checking under the hood, I found a lot ofnew parts slapped on and several things thatwere out of place, most of which were not fas-tened down correctly with their retainers or clips.You could tell they had no idea what was wrongor what they were doing, and were only throw-ing parts at it, hoping it would start.

The first thing I found were several wires thatwere poorly spliced together, and most of the relays were dangling off their brackets. I had to

fixthe wires evenbefore I could check the rest of the systems.

The main complaint was the fuel pump wasn’tcoming on. They had already replaced the fuelpump relay, and eventhough it had all the cor-rect signals (at therelay), it refused to co-operate. I found some-thing that Irarely see,

Being a True Professional When Your Knowledge & Expertise Are Victorious Over the Challenges of the Day

By Scott “Gonzo” Weaver, owner Superior Auto Electric, Tulsa, OK


[Gonzo’sToolbox

Scott “Gonzo” Weaver, gonzostoolbox.com

but it does happen — the relay wasassembled backward. For now,the easiest solution was to re-verse the leads at the relay.

Once I switched it over,the car started. It ran terri-ble, the service light wasflashing and a misfire codewas stored.

Upon further diagnosis, Ifound a broken wire at the #1coil. I had the scope hooked upto a pressure transducer, and itwas showing some weird exhaustpressure readings. Sure enough, a com-pression test on one of the front cylinders con-firmed my suspicion: the converter was also clogged.

Every single intake bolt, inter-cooler bolt and the fasteners had

never been properly tightened.Instead of pulling the intakesection and intercooler linesoff to get to the #1 cylinderand fix the wire, I thought itwas time to call these guysand give them the news.

“We can handle it fromhere,” they told me. They paid for my time, and,

as expected, it wasn’t long beforethey needed more help. I could tell

there was already some tension from thetone of their voices on the other end of the

phone, and I was going to be the scapegoat for this


[Gonzo’sToolbox


car’s demise.“I’d check the fuel pressure

since it sounds like that might bepart of the original problem, be-fore all this other stuff wentwrong,” I told him before herudely hung up the phone.

I always thought these guyswere a little shifty, and it wasn’tlong before I found out for sure.The owner turned out to be justas unprofessional as his hiredhands. What was my clue? Hestopped payment on the check.

I was furious. But, I cooleddown a bit and did not stoop totheir level. Let’s be professionalabout this, I told myself. I keptmy cool and called them.

My comments went like this…“I’m not here to lie, cheat or

steal, and I’ve never-ever donethat to you or anyone else. Yourlack of handling things in a pro-fessional manner portrays thecaliber of a person you reallyare. If you had a problem, allyou had to do was call me orbring the car back. But, trying tosave a few bucks on your part,after the efforts I put in this, isnot acceptable. I don’t want yourmoney. I also don’t want yourtechs calling me to pick my brainfor answers. It’s not about themoney now; it’s about the principle.”

I said my peace, and hung upthe phone. Case closed. Shopslike these give the rest of us abad name.

I felt 100% better after han-dling it this way. I didn’t see anyreason to stand there toe-to-toe,

and try to get compensated formy professional time. My profes-sionalism means more to methan a few bucks. Let’s face it, fora repair shop to insult another

shop, especially when theycouldn’t figure out the problemon their own, shows that theirtrue colors definitely came shining through. IC

Gonzo’sToolbox]

Import-Car.com 19

[GuestEditorial


There is no better time than National CarCare Month in April to reach out to con-sumers to take better care of their vehicles.

We caught up with Rich White, executive director,Car Care Council, to ask him about the advan-tages of getting involvedwith National Car CareMonth to build loyaltywith current customersand attract new ones.

ImportCar: What isNational Car CareMonth and how doesthe Car Care Councilpromote the program.

Rich White: NationalCar Care Month in Aprilis the ideal time for theCar Care Council and the industry to work together to focus the attention of motorists on thebenefits of routine and proper vehicle care, main-tenance and repair — following winter and before the summer driving season. It’s also achance to remind everyone that our industrykeeps Americans on the road.

Central to celebrating National Car Care Monthare community car care events hosted around thecountry by repair shops, parts stores and otheraftermarket organizations that include free vehi-cle check-up events or inspections. Since the autoservice and repair experience for the consumer isa local one, these types of community events canbe powerful business-building events, buildingloyalty and attracting new customers.

While we believe that every month is car caremonth, we crank up intense media outreach for

many weeks prior toApril to ensure NationalCar Care Month is onthe consumer media’sradar screen. We alsowork with the trademedia to publicize andencourage industry in-volvement and leveragethe widespread public

attention to vehicle care being driven by theCouncil. We also conduct a robust social mediacampaign utilizing Facebook, Twitter, Pinterestand YouTube to reach motorists of all ages in avariety of ways.

IC: Is it easy for a shop to participate inNational Car Care Month?

RW: The Car Care Council has a variety of resources and tools available at www.carcarein-dustry.com to make it easy for repair shops to getinvolved in National Car Care Month. For exam-ple, a repair shop could get a banner from theCouncil to celebrate Car Care Month, hang it overa bay and then invite current and prospective cus-tomers to come by for a free inspection and pickup a free Car Care Guide from the Council.

A shop could also partner with other shops ortheir jobber or distributor to host a larger event

National Car Care MonthWhat’s In It For You?

By Rich White, Executive Director, Car Care Council

[GuestEditorialwith free vehicle inspections.Community car care events canbecome more elaborate by including custom, race and antique cars on display, refresh-ments from a nearby restaurantand tables with educational materials, among other things.

IC: Can you tell us a littlemore about the Council’snewly introduced online “Industry ToolBox”?

RW: Our new Industry Tool-Box is available to the industryin advance of National Car CareMonth at www.carcareindus-try.com and makes it quick andeasy to get involved. One popu-lar feature of the ToolBox is thevideo titled “Drive Customersto Your Shop,” which highlightsthe benefits of participating inCar Care Month. The site alsofeatures “how to host” a com-munity car care event instructions, printable materialsand downloadable images, andCar Care Clip videos.

IC: You’ve said the Car CareCouncil’s website, www.car-care.org, is designed to fuelconfidence in automotive re-pair among vehicle owners.What are some of the mostpopular features of the site?

RW: We make a concerted effort to ensure that our websiteis the “go to” place for preven-tive vehicle maintenance and re-pair information. With NationalCar Care Month upon us, thesite’s Car Care Event Finder hasa map feature to make it easierfor motorists to find a vehicle

check-up event in their area,and it’s quick and easy for ashop to enter its community carcare event information.

The site features a customizedservice interval schedule and ane-mail reminder service, a fre-quently updated blog to sharethe latest tips and advice, and acomprehensive vehicle systemsoverview. The Council’s popu-lar Car Care Guide and the new“Ask a Tech” and “Go Green”sections offer insight and guid-ance for motorists.

And among the many instruc-tional videos housed on thesite, a new video titled “AutoService and Repair: What to Expect” takes the guessworkout of auto service by givingconsumers a behind-the-sceneslook at the repair shop experi-ence. All in all,www.carcare.org is a one-stopsite that shops can share withtheir customers to help themdrive smart, save money andmake informed decisions. IC

Go to www.ICRapidResponse.com

Rich White, Executive Director, Car Care Council,[email protected]

*If you purchase Duralast Gold Brake Pads through January 1, 2014 and return the pads within ninety (90) days due to noise, you will receive 100% reimbursement for your labor. You must purchase Duralast Gold PadsExcludes Duralast Gold Cmax and Duralast Gold Severe Duty brake pads. AutoZone reserves the right to modify or terminate the program at any time without notice. Contact your Commercial Sales Manager for detailsNASCAR is a registered trademark of National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, Inc.

REDUCE NOISE AND COMEBACKSImproved Duralast Gold Brake Pads have been completely re-engineered from front to back, to deliver a noise free pad with the outstanding wear life Duralast Gold pads are known for.

IMPROVED FRICTION MATERIALS with reformulated block and OE-style chamfers to deliver smoother, quieter stopping and long pad life

NEW PROTECTIVE COATING formulated to prevent corrosion for long life and to minimize noise risk

REDESIGNED SHIMS to neutralize noise-causing vibrations

IMPROVEDOFFICIAL BRAKES OFOFFICIAL BRAKES OF

IMPROVED

IAL BRACIAL BRACIAL BRA

FAKES OFAKES OFAKES OF

OFFICIAL BRAOFFICIAL BRAOFFICIAL BRA

AKES OFOFFICIAL BRAKES OFOFFICIAL BRAKES OF

to deliver a noise froved Duralast Gold Brake Pads have been completely rImpr

ee pad with the outstanding wear life Duralast Gold pads arto deliver a noise froved Duralast Gold Brake Pads have been completely r

ee pad with the outstanding wear life Duralast Gold pads are-engineeroved Duralast Gold Brake Pads have been completely r

noe known fpads aast Gold pads arto ont to baom from frred fre-engineer

.e known foront to back,

NASCAR is a registered trademark of Naludes Duralast Gold Cmax and Duralast Gold Severe Duty brake pads.Exc

*If you purchase Duralast Gold Brake P

or Auto Racing,tion for Stock CarAssAssociational tional Nademark of Nast Gold Severe Duty bra AutoZone reserax and Duralast Gold Severe Duty brake pads.

through Jan y 1,ads through Januar*If you purchase Duralast Gold Brake P

t Inc.Auto Racing,

te the right to modify or terminaves the right to modify or terminaAutoZone reser

y Contact your Commercial Sales Manay time without notice.t ante the program a

you will receive 100% reimbursement for your la

Com ger for detailsyour Commercial Sales Manaou m adsou must purchase Duralast Gold PYY. you will receive 100% reimbursement for your labor

ads

s & two Duralast rotors on the same invoice, for the same vehicle to quality for the 100% labor guarantee. Valid for Commercial customers only who are in good credit standing. s. © 2013 AutoZone, Inc. All Rights Reserved. AutoZone, AutoZone & Design, Duralast, Duralast Gold and Duralast Gold Cmax are registered marks and Duralast Gold Severe Duty is a mark of AutoZone Parts, Inc.

Only Available At

SOURCE: Link Engineering Company (2011) Dynamometer testing conducted using Duralast Gold Part #D833 (00-05 Ford Explorer Sport, 03-07 Ford Ranger, 03-07 Mazda B2300, 03-07 Mazda B3000, 04-07 Mazda B4000), Original Equipment Supplier and Leading competitors. Link Engineering Company is an independent, third-party provider of testing services for the purposes of verification, qualification and/or certification. Link Engineering Company provides objective test data on the performance and/or durability of products that it tests, under specified conditions. Link Engineering Company does not endorse or recommend any specific products.

NO

ISE I

ND

EX

10

= N

o N

oise

Vib

rati

ons

97 Chevy Tahoe

00 Ford Taurus

00 Chevy Silverado

06 FordF-150

00 Honda Accord

01 Toyota Corolla

02 Dodge Caravan

08 Ford Edge

09 Honda Accord

10

9

8

7

6

5

Inau

dibl

e

TESTED ON NINE OF THE NOISIEST OE APPLICATIONS TO ENSURE MAXIMUM NOISE CONTROL

GUARANTEENOISE FREE

We are so confident your customers won’t bring these pads back because of noise – we back them

with a 100% parts and labor guarantee.*

100%

100

0%

100

0%

these pads back because of noise – we back them

e arW

with a 100% parts and labor guarantee.*these pads back because of noise – we back them

e so confident your customers won’e ar

with a 100% parts and labor guarantee.*these pads back because of noise – we back them

t bring e so confident your customers won’

these pads back because of noise – we back them

t bring

8

10

ibra

tion

s1

0 =

No

Noi

se V

EX

ND

TES

O ENSURE MAXIMUM NOISE CONTHE NOISIESTED ON NINE OF TTES

ROLTO ENSURE MAXIMUM NOISE CONIONS TAPPLICAATOETHE NOISIES

IONS

Inau

dibl

e

5

6

7

10

= N

o N

oise

VND

SE I

IN

O

Supplier and Leading competitors. Link Engineering Company is an independent, 03-07 Forer Sport,Explor

Link Engineering Company (2011) Dynamometer testing conducted using DurSOURCE:

CCorollaooyota01 T01 TToTo

ruAccord00 Honda

aurusrd

TTa00 Ford

Link Engineering Com

ahoeTTa97 Chevy

eading competitors Link Engineering Company0303-073-07 Mazd03-07 Mazda B2300,

011) Dynamometer tes,d Ranger 03-07 For

ngineering Company (2011) Dynamometer tes

dEdg08 F

50Caravan02 Dodge oyota

F-150d06 Ford

SiSilverado0 C00 Chevy

vider of tesvider of tesdd party progin

thirSupplier and Leading competitors. Link Engineering Company is an independent,OriginaMazda B4000),04-07 Mazda B4000),

ast Gold Part #D83 03-07 Mazda B3000,

alast Gold Part #D83 Link Engineering Company (2011) Dynamometer testing conducted using Dur

ccorAccordnda09 Honda

ti

Edge08 Ford

vices ting ser Eql Equipment

3 (00-0 d 3 (00-05 For

ailablvvaOnly A

not endorse or rmance and/or duron the perfor

for the purposes of verification,Supplier and Leading competitors. Link Engineering Company is an independent,

specific produ

ailable At

ecommend any specific products.bility of products that it

not endorse or rability of products that it tests,mance and/or dur

Link Engineering Comfor the purposes of verification,

eading competitors. Link Engineering Company

conditions. Link Engineer under specified conditions. Link Engineering des objevides objec

vider of tesvider of tesd-party prod-party prorthirSupplier and Leading competitors. Link Engineering Company is an independent,

t

under specified conditions. Link Engineering Company does vides objective test data

vices ting ser

© 2013 s.s & two Duralast rotors on the same invoice,

AutoZone & Design,AutoZone,ved.All Rights Reser Inc.AutoZone, © 2013 for the same vehics & two Duralast rotors on the same invoice,

Duralast Gold and Duralast Gold Cmax are registered marks and Duralast Gold Severe Duty is a mark of Duralast,AutoZone & Design,le to quality for the 100% labor guarantee. for the same vehic

Duralast Gold and Duralast Gold Cmax are registered marks and Duralast Gold Severe Duty is a mark of alid for Commercial customers only who are in good credit standing.V

arts,AutoZone P Duralast Gold and Duralast Gold Cmax are registered marks and Duralast Gold Severe Duty is a mark of alid for Commercial customers only who are in good credit standing.

Inc.arts,


Replacing rotors on every brake job is not acost-effective or efficient way to performbrake service. You may save 10 to 15 min-

utes by not having to use a dial indicator and amicrometer, but your chance for a comeback candramatically increase.

Even if you use new rotors, your chance of apulsation comeback could be greater than if youleft the old rotors on the vehicle. Runout in thehub and new rotor can stack up to cause DiscThickness Variation (DTV) in a few thousandmiles. DTV is the main cause of pulsation.

Runout and Disc Thickness VariationHow To Decrease Comebacks With Two Simple Tools


By Andrew Markel, Editor, Brake & Front End MagazineROTORS[TechUpdate

Sometimes rotor wear can be seen with the naked eye, but,by this time, the rotor is unsafe. If you can see a difference inplate thickness, it’s a sign that the hardware and caliper needto be replaced.

Rotor thickness should be measured in at least six areas ofthe rotor’s face. The DTV should not vary more than 0.001” ingeneral. Some manufacturers specify zero DTV.

Runout greater than 0.006” is a sign that the flange, rotorand/or bearing should be replaced. The needle of the dialindicator should be perpendicular to the rotor. Measure-ments should be taken a quarter inch from the edge. Firstfind the lowest point in the rotor and set the dial indicator tozero. Rotate the rotor to find the high spot. This is the totalindicated runout. Mark the high and low spots on the rotor.

ROTORS[TechUpdate


As much as 0.006” ofrunout can be correctedwith runout correctionplates. The notch in theplate should line upwith the highest pointof runout. After therotor is installed, verifythat the runout is belowspecifications. IC

On some flanges, measuringrunout is difficult due to avery small area that the needle of the dial indicatorcan ride on. Most manufactur-ers recommend taking thereading as far out from thecenter of the hub as possible.As a general rule, thereshould be less than 0.002” orbelow the manufacturer’sspecification of lateral runout.

The hub flange is groundzero for pulsation prob-lems. Any runout in theflange will be magnifiedby the rotor. Before theflange is measured,most of the corrosionshould be removed.

Before the rotor is removed, make sure youmark its position on theflange. If the runout isminor, try repositioningthe rotor 180º on theflange to cancel out therunout.

When we decided to purchase a newshop shuttle vehicle, we began ourresearch with looking at AWD vehi-

cles that would do well in the snow and provide acomfortable car to drive customers to work orhome. We focused on the brands in which we specialize — Honda, Toyota and Subaru.

With the 2010 Subaru Outback being an all-new model, we decided this would be our bestchoice. Once I began looking at the new model, Iwas somewhat surprised to see that Subaru wasre-introducing the Continuously Variable Trans-mission (CVT).

Admittedly, I was somewhat concerned basedupon my first introduction to the CVT in theJusty model back in the early 1990s. This first in-troduction was not well receivedin the industry. I decidedto do some research, as the

CVT transmission hasbeen used

withsuccessin manyapplica-tions, from machinery toaircraft to spe-cialty vehicles suchas snow mobiles and Polaris ATVs.

In the automotive industry, there are a few different CVT variations, with most of theToyota hybrids using a Power SharingTransmission (PST). The CVT versionuses only one input from a prime mover,whereas the PST type uses two primemover inputs, but, fun-


By John Volz, Owner, Volz Bros. Automotive RepairCVT TECHNOLOGY[SubaruFeature

damentally, the driving experience is similar. From a customer’s perspective while

accelerating, the transmission can feel like it’s slip-ping as the transmission provides the best gearratio for the engine at any given time. For compari-son’s sake, a traditional transmission has four, fiveand even six speeds to provide gear ratios to matewith the engine speed to provide optimal perform-

ance. On the otherhand, the CVT varia-tion has an infinitenumber of gear ratios that providepeak performance.This is the real benefitof the CVT transmis-sion: it allows for an infinite number of sim-ulated gear ratios to

maximize power as wellas fuel economy.As this technology contin-

ues to improve, I think the indus-try will see more vehicles using some

configuration of the CVT-style transmission. Toyotahas used a Variable-Diameter Pulley (VDP) systemin its hybrid vehicles with good success; and we’ve

seen many Prius vehicles withwell over 100,000 miles with

no failures.Most of the Subarus with the CVT transmissions

that we get in for service have between 30,000 and90,000 miles, and we have not seen any issues re-lated to the CVT. The one common complaint wehear from customers is that the CVT is very noisyupon initial startup, especially in cold conditions.

While doing my research for this article, Ichecked with two Subaru dealers in the area andasked if they are seeing any failures with theCVTs, and both dealers indicated they have eachhad one failure to date. I also contacted the Nissandealer that we buy our parts from and inquiredabout their similar version, and all they would sayis that they have had multiple failures with theNissan version of the technology.

SERVICE IMPLICATIONS

As for what this mean for us in the aftermarket,there are a few service bulletins related to the CVT.One is for a cooler line leak on some 2010 Outbackmodels, which requires an updated hose; anotherbulletin is for a “difficult to get out of park” com-plaint that requires replacing the shift indicator assembly. As for service intervals, there is no rec-ommendation from the manufacturer for fluidchanges, but our Subaru dealer advises (and Iwould agree) that under extreme use it, would beprudent to change the fluid at around 90,000 miles.

SubaruFeature]

Import-Car.com 31

The fluid is currently sold only ina 5-gallon bucket, P/NSOA868V9245.

Subaru also provides somecomputer updates that require afactory scan tool — a must if youwork on a lot of Subarus. Havinga good working relationship withyour local dealer is a big help, aswe can attest. Tim, Colin andtheir crew at Shingle SpringsSubaru always keep us up-to-date on the latest informationavailable to keep our customers’Subarus on the road.

Manufacturers have focused onintroducing this technology inmodels that have a focus on gasmileage initially, but are graduallyincluding other models in theirlineup. One of the challenges hasbeen to get the more powerful

engines and the transmission toprovide peak performance andfuel economy, while keeping adriving experience that is some-what normal for the driver.

The theory of infinite gear ratios to achieve performanceand fuel economy in the tradi-tional transmission configurationhas been taken to the extremesfrom a two-speed automatic inyears past, to many late-modelvehicles that have six-speed au-tomatic transmissions or more.

Just as we have seen fuel sys-tems change over the years fromcarburetion to early fuel injectionto precise fuel management, andengines advance to more valvesper cylinder, variable valve timing as well as low-friction

CVT TECHNOLOGY[SubaruFeature


• First introduced in the U.S. in 1968.• The Subaru 360 sold for under $1,300.• It achieved 66 mpg, and was the first FWD car from Japan.• It was the first mass-produced 4x4 passenger car in the U.S.• There are 630 dealers in the U.S.• Subaru charted strong new vehicle sales increases over the

past four years, while Honda’s and Toyota’s sales were flat.- Subaru’s 2008 vehicle sales were 187,699,

compared to 336,441 in 2012.- Toyota same-period sales were 1,957,575

compared to 1,838,338.- Honda’s new vehicle sales were 1,284,261 in 2008 and

1,266,569 in 2012.

SUBARU: Being Different Is A Good ThingSubaru is a company that has consistently tried “out of the box”things — horizontal water boxer engines, the Hill-Holder System,passing lights and the Brat pick-up truck, to name a few. It’s atough little carmaker that certainly isn’t afraid to be different.

Article continues on page 36

designs, transmission technologywill continue to evolve and mostmanufacturers will introduceCVT technology into their lineupin the near future.

From a pure enthusiast point-of-view, driving my 2013 LexusGS350 sedan with six-speed

automatic in the sport mode ismuch more exciting than drivingthe Subaru Outback with theCVT transmission, but practical-ity says many manufacturers willbe introducing more variationsof the CVT into their lineup inthe coming years. IC

CVT TECHNOLOGY[SubaruFeature



This car was purchased new in June 1981 fromAllred’s Subaru located in Sedona, AZ, by the Spoorfamily for the out-the-door price of $9,891.73. The owner traded in his1977 Subaru 4x4 with only 15,000 miles! The car has since been givento his daughter, who continues to use it daily, driving on the backroadsof Nevada County, CA, to monitor archaeological sites for the TahoeNational Forest, Bureau of Land Management and California StateParks. The car currently has only 59,000 original miles on it. Nothing’sgonna stop this Suby!

A scan tool is absolutely essential for diag-nostics on today’s vehicles. You need ascan tool not only for diagnosing engine,

emissions and transmission problems, but also fortroubleshooting virtually any system that has elec-tronic controls.

A scan tool is needed not only for reading trou-ble codes, sensor PIDs and other system informa-tion, but also for accessing pending codes (Mode$06 data), capturing information when a fault oc-curs, accessing and running various system self-tests on the vehicle, initiating relearn proceduresthat are often required when certain parts are replaced or electrically disconnected, and modulereprogramming. In short, you need a highly

capable scan tool that has a lot of built-in utilityand versatility.

Buying such a tool is obviously a major invest-ment, so you want to get the most bang for yourbuck.

You might acquire one or two factory scan toolsfor the makes you service most often, but you’llalso need some type of general-purpose aftermar-ket scan tool that can handle a broad range of vehicle makes.

Aftermarket scan tools run the gamut from therelatively inexpensive (under $250) DIY scan toolsthat are limited to reading codes and commonOBD II PIDs, to high-end professional-grade scantools that have bidirectional capabilities and soft-ware functionality similar to a factory scan tool.They can cost as much as $5,000 to $12,000 ormore, depending on features, adapters and cablesthat may be bundled with it.

In recent years, there has also been a growing

Scan Tool DiagnosticsFinding the Right Scan Tool Requires MatchingCoverage and Capabilities to Your Shop’s Needs

By Larry Carley, Technical EditorSCAN TOOLS[TechFeature


trend toward the “global” all makes/all models scantool, recognizing the fact that independent repairshops can’t afford to buy and maintain a differentscan tool for each and every make of vehicle theircustomers may drive.

Aftermarket scan tool suppliers try to incorporateas many of the factory scan tool capabilities as possi-ble, but they seldom achieve a complete duplicationof functions. Some PIDS may be missing, some self-tests may not be included, and some systems ormodules that the factory scan tool can talk to maynot be accessible. These are common shortcomingsyou’ll still find in many high-end scan tools. Evenso, considering the capabilities that are included andthe cost savings theyoffer, a top-quality aftermarket scan tool isstill one of the bestbuys you can make.

COMMON BUYING PITFALLSOne of the biggestrisks today is getting burned on a factory or after-market scan tool that is a knock-off of the real thing.A lot of copycat and counterfeit scan tools are com-ing out of China that appear to be the genuine prod-uct. The problem is they are often unauthorizedcopies of the brand-name product and they may ormay not function as claimed, so when it comes timeto upgrade the software, you discover your toollacks the proper authorization codes for the requiredupgrade. Many of these tools are being sold onlineor by fly-by-night distributors who don’t have a permanent address or contact information.

A scan tool supplier will usually list all of the vehicle makes they cover, but the more importantquestion is, what is the depth of coverage for eachof the makes listed? Is it only generic OBD II codesand PIDs, or does it include in-depth factory codes,PIDs, self-tests and other diagnostic functions?

Many aftermarket scan tools provide excellent in-depth coverage on the more popular vehiclemakes, but many have only limited diagnostic

capabilities for some of the less common makes. The problem is you often don’t know what’s

lacking in a scan tool until you’re actually using iton a customer’s vehicle. It’s at that point you discover the tool can’t give you a definition for a certain code, it can’t access the subsystem you’retrying to work on, it can’t display a full list of PIDs,it can’t run a certain self-test you may need to diag-nose a fault, or it can’t initiate a required relearnprocedure that may be needed to complete a repair.It may be a great tool for working on some vehi-cles, but is of little value on others. That’s still oneof the greatest pitfalls of buying a scan tool today.

The best advice we can offer here is to do as


[TechFeature SCAN TOOLS

How much can you afford to spend ona scan tool (and yearly updates) andwhat capabilities are you willing toforego because you can’t afford them?

much homework before you buy a particular tool soyou know what you are buying. Review the scantool supplier’s product information, make sure thetool covers the makes you work on, then look foronline reviews by others who have had some expe-rience with the tool. If possible, talk to other techswho own a similar tool to find out what their experience has been.

MORE CONSIDERATIONS

Cost versus value. How much can you afford tospend on a scan tool (and yearly updates) and whatcapabilities are you willing to forego because youcan’t afford them? Wouldn’t it be great if you couldbuy one scan tool for around $5,000 that would do

everything? That day hasn’t arrived yet, so acceptthe fact that you’ll probably have to buy several different scan tools to get the kind of coverage and capability to handle all of the different makes youmay have to work on.

Some scan tools command a higher price becauseof their brand reputation or market dominance.Even so, it’s a highly competitive market and youcan often get the same or better coverage and func-tionality in a scan tool from a lesser-known supplier for significantly less money.

Other factors to consider are things like productsupport (can they fix your scan tool if it breaks?),the cost of annual upgrades (and the quality andcompleteness of those upgrades), the availability topurchase accessories (such as cables, adapters, etc.),and the tools eventual resale value. Many brand-name products still retain a high resale value afteryears of service, while many no-name products become almost worthless after a few years.

A professional-grade aftermarket scan tool mustoffer factory-equivalent functionality. It must havebi-directional capability for all of the reasons already mentioned. It’s also helpful if the tool isJ2534 compliant so it can be used to reprogram thePCM and other on-board modules if a reflash isneeded to correct a particular driveability, emis-sions or performance problem. The ability torecord and graph data is also a useful feature tohave for diagnostic purposes. The tool should alsobe able to access systems beyond the powertrain(such as ABS, suspension, steering, climate control,air bags, etc.).

The ability to work on pre-OBD II vehicles is stilluseful. Though this population of vehicles isshrinking, many import owners may keep a prized

vehicle in the family for years, passing it alongfrom one generation to the next. If you can’t fix it,who can? These older vehicles typically require abox full of adapters and cables to interface withtheir on-board electronics.

Some suppliers sell their adapters individually soyou have to buy only the ones you need, while oth-ers bundle their adapters and cables in a kit andforce you to buy a lot of stuff you may never use.Check these options out ahead of time so you knowwhat accessories and options are available.

Do you want a scan tool that has wireless Blue-tooth capabilities? Wireless eliminates the need forcumbersome cables and allows the scan tool tocommunicate with other computers, shop equip-ment or a printer. You may or may not find this feature useful, depending on your circumstancesand bay layout.

Another consideration is the type of platform youwant. Do you want a more traditional hand-held

SCAN TOOLS[TechFeature


Considering the capabilities that are included andthe cost savings they offer, a top-quality aftermarketscan tool is still one of the best buys you can make.

scan tool or would you prefer atablet device? You can also getsoftware for converting a laptopor notebook computer into a scantool. This approach eliminates thecost of buying hardware if you already own a laptop or notebookcomputer. But, a converted laptopor notebook will lack some of thekey features that are often builtinto or added to a dedicated scantool device, such as the ability tofunction as a multimeter or aJ2534 pass-thru device.

A scan tool with a large colorscreen is easier to read and candisplay more information than atool with a relatively small screen.So, you have to ask your-self, is it worththe extra moneyto spend more fora scan tool thathas a more appeal-ing and useful interface? Most ofthose who opt forthe better displayscreen never regrettheir decision.

Also consider theon-board memory. The greaterthe memory capacity of a scantool, the better. Tools that use astandard SD memory card canbe easily and cheaply upgradedwith a higher- capacity SD card ifthe need arises. Scan tools withfixed built-in memory chips cannot.

What about battery life andpower source? Is the tool poweredthrough the OBD II connector, ordoes it have its own internal

power supply? What is the work-ing time of the batteries, and is itlong enough for a typical workday in your shop? Can the batter-ies be easily and cheaply replaced,or does the tool have a built-in or proprietary battery that is expen-sive to replace if it fails?

How quickly does the tool turnon? The longer you have to waitfor the tool to boot up, the lessbillable time you have to spenddiagnosing and repairing the vehicle. Some scan tools are stillquite slow to initiate and may require scrolling through a num-ber of vehicle information inputmenus

before it willdisplay any vehicle data or codes.

How easy is the tool to use? Arethe menus intuitive and easy tofollow? Can you get to the vehicleinformation you want quickly andeasily? Are the input and scrollingbuttons logically positioned onthe tool and easy to operate? Theonly way to know is to playaround with the tool so you canexperience first-hand how it actually functions. The interfaceon some tools can be rather confusing or awkward to use.



FINAL THOUGHTS

The scan tool is only a device thatallows you to interface and com-municate with the vehicle’s on-board electronics. You still have tounderstand the information youare looking at and how to use thatinformation to fix the car. In manycases, you will have to referenceother sources of information, suchas factory TSBs or factory repairprocedures (especially if a repairrequires a special reprogrammingor relearn procedure).

You also can’t rely on codesalone to diagnose every problemyou may encounter. Some prob-

lems never set a code. Somecodes tell you only that a prob-lem is occurring, but provide noclue as to what might be causingit (such as a P0300 misfire code).Other codes may be false codesthat can never be eliminated bynormal repair procedures. Youmay have to reflash a module tocorrect the fault.

Some scan tools incorporate aservice information database thatcan provide additional help andguidance when you encountercertain codes or types of prob-lems. This is a very useful featureto have, especially if you findyourself at a diagnostic dead-end

having only codes and PIDs. Ofcourse, you will pay extra for thiskind of information in the cost ofthe tool and/or the software up-dates. But, if it saves a comebackor having to send a repair jobsomewhere else, isn’t it worth it?

The best scan tool for yourshop might not be the best scantool for another shop, and abrand of scan tool that’s numberone today may be surpassed byanother brand tomorrow. It’s anever-changing and dynamic marketplace with constant inno-vation. So while you have morechoices than ever, make sure it’sa good one. IC



Thanks to advanced technology, modern ve-hicles operate with fewer noise, vibrationand harshness (NVH) complaints than ever

before. Consequently, when a noise, vibration orharshness issue arises, it’s most likely to be causedby worn drivetrain components like universaljoints, constant velocity (CV) joints or wheel bear-ing hub assemblies. In any case, NVH complaintscan often be the most challenging to diagnosewhen a tech or service writer can’t duplicate theexact driving conditions under which they occur.

If the noise can’t be duplicated and verified on atest drive, it’s doubly important for the servicewriter to determine during the customer inter-view when and how the particular NVH complaintoccurs. Remember also that some wheel bearingnoises are transmitted through different parts ofthe chassis. To reduce diagnostic errors, verifynoises by using chassis-mounted sound detectors

or by thoroughly inspecting all components whilethe vehicle is on the lift.

UNIVERSAL JOINTS

In modern automotive architecture, universaljoints are most commonly found on the rear axlesof light trucks, SUVs and RWD passenger cars.While some low-angle joints are made with a rub-ber-compounded material, most modern universaljoints are made of a steel cross connecting fourtrunnions containing lubricated needle bearings.See Photo 1.

Eventually, the needle bearings wear groovesinto the case-hardened surfaces of the cross,which allows the propeller shaft to rotate slightlyoff-center. The rule-of-thumb spec for off-centerrotation is generally 0.010” measured at the end ofthe propeller shaft tube. In the most catastrophic

Hubs/Bearings, CV Shafts & U-JointsHow To Diagnose NVH Complaints in Drivetrain Components


By Gary Goms, Import Specialist ContributorDRIVETRAIN[DiagnosticSolutions

Photo 1: Couplers are designed to operate at minimal angles of deflectionand to dampen drivetrain noises.

cases, the lubricant in the trunnion bear-ings can be lost, which will cause thejoint to eventually separate.

Larger universal joints can be inspected for extreme wear by twistingthe propeller shaft back and forth.Smaller joints can be tested by pryingthe trunnions back and forth with alarge screwdriver. Preventive inspec-tions can be made by watching for rustformations around the trunnion seal in-dicating that the trunnion has lost its lu-brication. In another case, the drivermight complain of a snapping or pop-ping sound at low speed, which mightindicate that the trunnions are seizingdue to lack of lubrication. Seizing can bediagnosed only by removing the pro-peller shaft and checking each universaljoint for smooth operation by hand. SeePhoto 2.

Because the trunnion bearings are lo-cated at 90-degree intervals, a conven-tional universal joint actually acceleratesand decelerates as it turns.

To eliminate this uneven rotating speed,universal joints are installed in pairs andphased along the same plane on the pro-peller shaft. When the U-joints are cor-rectly phased, the propeller shaft speedsmooths out because one U-joint acceler-ates as its companion joint decelerates. Unfortu-nately, some splined two-piece truck propeller shaftscan be incorrectly phased during reassembly. Thiscondition can be difficult to detect since incorrectphasing often results in a harmonic vibration thatresonates under different conditions of speed andload. For this reason, it’s always important to indexthe propeller shaft to its mating flanges and to its in-dividual parts before replacing universal joints.

Harmonic vibrations can also be caused by uni-versal joints operating at unequal angles of deflec-tion at the propeller shaft. These angles should bemeasured with the vehicle at normal suspension


DRIVETRAIN[DiagnosticSolutions

Photo 2: While a noise from a bad propeller shaft support bearing might sound like a bad wheel bearing, itwill resonate at approximately three times wheel speed.

Photo 3: Because this is an independ-ent suspension system, the angle ofdeflection between the pinion gearand propeller shaft is nearly zero.

height and load. In some applica-tions, the angle at the rear axlecan be adjusted, either withshims or by a control arm eccen-tric, to allow the rear axle pinion

gear shaft to operate in the sameplane as the transmission ortransfer case output shaft. SeePhoto 3 on page 50.

Although some U- joints are

serviced as a unit with the pro-peller shaft, most can be replaced.Using a hand-held universal jointpress will prevent damage to thepropeller shaft, as will soakingthe joint in penetrating oil beforeremoval. If required, pack theneedle bearings with chassisgrease and always lubricate thepropeller shaft loops before assembly. If used, grease zerksshould point toward the propellershaft and be aligned along thesame plane. If the U-joint feels toostiff after it has been installed,align the trunnions by tappingthe propeller shaft loops with amedium-sized hammer.

CONSTANT VELOCITYJOINTS

CV joints have made life mucheasier for techs because, as thename implies, CV joints operate ata more constant speed than doconventional universal joints. Theydo, however, tend to operate moresmoothly when the right and leftaxle shafts are operating at equalangles of deflection.

The most common CV jointfailures are caused by a loss oflubricant through a torn or per-forated CV boot. The symptomof a leaking CV boot is a lubri-cant “spray” collecting on thechassis surfaces surrounding thejoint. When the lubricant is com-pletely gone, the joint will wearout and eventually separate. Themost common symptom of wornCV joints is the clicking noisethat characteristically occurs


DRIVETRAIN[DiagnosticSolutions


when the vehicle is driventhrough a short right- or left-hand turning radius underpower. On rare occasion, a CVjoint will seize, which causes awobbling sensation in the steer-ing wheel. A potential cata-strophic failure might beindicated when the transmissionengagement between drive andreverse is accompanied by aclanking or knocking noise.

Several basic rules shouldcover CV half-shaft installations.First, make it a habit to removeonly one shaft at a time becausethere still are a few vehicles inwhich the differential carrier candrop to the bottom of the gearcase when both axles are removed at the same time. Next,avoid mixing the right -and left-hand shafts because some minordifferences might exist betweentheir compression or extensionlengths. Because using an impact

wrench can damage the joint oradversely affect wheel bearingpreload, always use a torquewrench to tighten the CV axle retaining nut to specification.

HUBS AND BEARINGS

Because tapered-roller front wheelbearings require frequent lubrica-tion and adjustments, permanentlypreloaded and lubricated bearinghub assemblies have generally re-placed them. Correct preloading isrequired in modern wheel bearingassemblies because the clearancebetween wheel speed sensors andtone rings is critical. Preloadedbearings also reduce the rotatingfriction of the disc brake assem-blies by helping maintain a small,but significant, air gap betweenthe brake rotor and pads.

When diagnosing any wheelbearing noise, it’s important to remember that modern wheel

DiagnosticSolutions]


DRIVETRAIN

Photo 4: Since this wheel bearing had plenty oflubricant, it’s safe to assume that the failurewas caused by a metallurgical problem.

bearings must 1) support the ver-tical load created by the vehicle’sweight, 2) withstand the forwardthrust of the driving wheels, and3) resist lateral loading during cor-nering. Any noise coming fromthe wheel bearings will, therefore,be most often duplicated underone or more of these driving con-ditions. See Photo 4 on page 53.

When road-testing the vehicleto duplicate an NVH complaint,notice that wheel bearing and dri-vetrain noises are constant,whereas tire noises vary accordingto the road surface. If a vacantparking lot is available, weave thevehicle back and forth at lowspeed to alternately load and un-load the wheel bearings. Noticealso if the noise level changes asthe vehicle stops and accelerates.After the wheel bearings havewarmed up after an extendeddrive, check each bearing hub’stemperature with an infrared heatgun. In most cases, the defectivewheel bearing will indicate ahigher operating temperature.

Last, raise the vehicle with thewheels suspended. Grasp eachtire at the 12:00 and 6:00 o’clockpositions to check for loosenesscaused by a loss of preload in thebearings. Looseness in the wheelbearings might also cause awheel speed sensor trouble codeto be stored in the vehicle’s ABSmodule. If the vehicle comes inwith the ABS light illuminatedand a wheel speed code stored,check that wheel for worn bear-ings. See Photo 5.

When replacing bearing hubassemblies fitted into aluminumcontrol arms, try heating the con-trol arm with an electric paint re-moval gun. In most cases, thealuminum will expand enoughto expedite removal of the hubassembly. Expedite installationby thoroughly cleaning and lu-bricating the hub’s mountingsurfaces. Replace all retainingbolts as required, apply lubricantor threadlocking compound asdirected and torque each to themanufacturer’s specification. IC

DRIVETRAIN

[DiagnosticSolutions


Photo 5: Worn wheel bearingscan cause clearance problemsat the ABS sensor and storeABS trouble codes.

NISSAN & INFINITI DUAL MASS FLYWHEEL INSTALLATION

Affected vehicles:2008-’12 Nissan 370Z 3.7L 2003-’07 Nissan 350Z 3.5L2002-’06 Nissan Altima, Maxima 3.5L2005-’12 Nissan Xterra, Frontier 4.0L2003-’07 Infiniti G35 3.5L 2008-’12 Infiniti G37 3.7L

Today’s vehicles are becoming more and morecomplex to service, so proper procedures arevery important to follow when making repairs.This is especially true when working on Infinitiand Nissan dual mass flywheels.

The vehicles listed above have a crankshafttone ring built into the flywheel. The dual massflywheel is not indexed on the crankshaft andcan be installed different ways.

When installed incorrectly, the vehicle may notstart, have a check engine light and the enginewill not rev past 2,000 rpm.

When removing a dual mass flywheel from thevehicles listed above, it’s recommended to makeyour own indexing marks on the flywheel andcrankshaft. When installing the new flywheel,

transfer your marks from the old flywheel to thenew flywheel to ease installation and assureproper indexing.

If you’ve already removed the flywheel anddid not make any indexing marks, follow thisprocedure for proper installation:

1. With the flywheel removed, look for thealignment dowel pinhole on the end of the


[ImportTechTips

Fig. 2: Dual mass flywheel (front)

Fig. 1Fig. 3: Dual mass flywheel (rear).

crankshaft. 2. Find the same alignment

dowel pinhole on the new fly-wheel. This can be done byfinding the locating hole andnotch on the front side of theflywheel (see Fig. 2 on page56).

When you’ve located thenotch and hole on the frontside, flip the flywheel over andfind the same hole that goes allthe way through the backside.Then look at Figs. 1-3 on page56 and find the dowel pinhole.

3. When both have beenlocated, align the two holesand torque the flywheel to theproper specifications.

4. See Figs. 1-3 to aid inlocating the correct dowel pinholes.

Courtesy of SchaefflerAutomotive Aftermarket, manufacturer of LuK Clutches.

PORSCHE CHECK ENGINE WARNINGLIGHT ACTIVATED WITHDTCS P2096/P2098 SET

Affected models: 911 Carrera (996)/1911

Carrera 4 (996), as of modelyear 2002

In vehicles produced beforethe date of introduction statedabove, the Check Engine warn-ing light may be activated byan error in the diagnostic soft-ware of the DME control mod-ule. The OBD II system regis-ters a malfunction of the oxy-gen sensor and activates the

Check Engine warning light,even though the oxygen sensoris fully operational.

One of the two followingmalfunction codes is stored inthe DME control module’sfault memory:

P2096 — Signal delay timefor oxygen sensor aging —above limit;

P2098 — Signal delay timefor oxygen sensor aging, Bank2 — above limit.

For vehicles with this prob-lem, the PST2 (Porsche SystemTester 2) or the PIWIS Testermust be used to delete thefault memory and reprogramthe DME control module withnew DME software. The PST2or the PIWIS Tester is requiredto have the software version22.0 or higher. The oxygen sensors in vehicles with thisdefect are fully functional anddo not need to be replaced. Nofurther repairs are required.

Note: To program the DMEcontrol module, the “DMEprogramming code” and the“immobilizer code” need to beknown (see IPAS After SalesService).

Introduction:Introduction of the new

DME software on Jan. 12, 2004,as of the following VINs: 9954S 62 1761 USA; 99 94S 651984 USA; and 99 84S 63 5157USA.

Work Procedure:Program the DME control

module with the new software

ImportTechTips]


version.Caution: The programming

operation must not be inter-rupted. The battery must beconnected to a suitable batterycharger. If there is an interrup-tion due to a voltage dropwhile programming, malfunc-tions in the DME control mod-ule cannot be ruled out.

1. Connect the battery to abattery charger.

2. Connect the PST2 (orPIWIS Tester) with softwareversion 22.0 or higher to thediagnostic plug and switch it

on. The procedure for thePST2/PIWIS tester is identical.

3. Switch on the ignition.4. Using the PST2, select

“Control Module Search” in theControl Modules menu.

5. Select the DME controlmodule from the ControlModules selection and open thefault memory.

6. If there are any additionalmalfunctions stored apart fromthe two related to this bulletin,they must first be localized andeliminated.

7. After remedying the faultsand deleting the fault memory,continue with step 8.

8. Program the DME controlmodule according to the speci-fications of the 911 Carrera(996) Technical Manual, Group

2, Chapter 24 70 19.9. Using the PST2, select

“Control Module Search” inthe Control Modules menu.Fault memory entries (CANDME time-out or the like) inthe control modules that aredue to the DME programmingmust be deleted. Read outfault memory again and local-ize and eliminate stored mal-functions.

10. After remedying the faultsand deleting the fault memory,continue with step 11.

11. Change to the PST2 startmenu, switch off and discon-nect the PST2.

12. Switch off the ignition.13. Disconnect the charger.Courtesy of ALLDATA. IC

58 March 2013 | Import-Car.com Reader Service on BendPak insert: go to www.ICRapidResponse.com

[ImportTechTips


Import-Car.com 59

BendPak’s TRI-MAX air-compressoris an ASME-certified powerhousethat features the company’srenowned TRI-MAX extreme-duty 3-cylinder pump, designed and manu-

factured to operate with maximumefficiency under all load conditions.

The 100% cast-iron pump has a “W-3”configuration that provides 360° cool-

ing efficiency and splash lubrication ensures total reliability. A low-rpm pump

combined with a 7.5 hp motor packs alot of power but makes little noise. Learn

more at www.bendpak.com/compressors.Reader Service: Go to

www.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

The new Snap-on Ball Joint Remover (BJR1) for Subaru vehicles makes removal of stubborn ball joints on selectSubaru models a lot simpler, increasing productivity andsaving time. According to the company, theBJR1 was developed to helptechnicians work more effi-ciently by making tough balljoint removal on Subaru vehi-cles quicker and easier. It isideal for use on a variety ofSubaru models, including: Baja(2003-’06), Forester (1998-2010), Impreza (1993-2010),Legacy (1990-2010) and Outback (2000-’10).Reader Service: Go to www.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

The Original Gabriel (Ride Control,LLC) is introducing more than 50 newReadyMountSKUs, expanding theline by more than 25%, and bringingits line to almost 200 ReadyMountpreassembled struts. Of these newapplications, 40 are first- or new-to-market designs covering such high-demand vehicle applications as mid-2000s Toyota Corolla and Camry, anda variety of domestic models. Reader Service: Go towww.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

CRP Automotive offers OE-quality antifreeze from Pentosin, a Europeanvehicle OEM first-fill supplier of an-tifreeze and other technical fluids. Threeformulations of Pentosin antifreeze areavailable to cover a wide range of Euro-pean vehicles including Audi and VWmodels from pre-1996 to current modelyears. Additional makes covered by theline include BMW/MINI, Jaguar, LandRover, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Saaband Volvo models. Reader Service: Go towww.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

Manufactured by Federal-Mogul Corporation, WagnerThermoQuiet CeramicNXT brake pads feature highly advanced, proprietary formulations that represent the next

generation of premium ceramic technology. Thefollowing new pad sets arenow available: 2012 NissanVersa – Front: QC1592;2012 Hyundai Accent –Front: QC1593; 2012

Hyundai Veloster – Rear:QC1594; 2012 Hyundai

Veloster – Front: QC1595; 2013Mazda CX-5 – Front: QC1623; and 2012 Toyota Yaris SE –Front: QC1628.Reader Service: Go to www.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

<<

<<

Brought to you by Essentials]

<<

<<

<<



[Essentials

Running an automotiveshop today is more complicated than ever — especially if it’s being runon paper or a systemthat’s simply not gettingthe job done. NAPATRACS has been an industry leader formore than 20 years and delivers estimating, shop manage-ment, technical, CRM, accounting and phone solutions to thousands of shops across the country just like yours. Call800-742-3578 for a no-obligation demonstration today!Reader Service: Go to www.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

Delphi introduces 20 new ignition coils that covermore than 6.4 million North American vehicles from1985 to present, including Hyundai, VW, Toyota,Audi, Daewoo, GM, Kia, Suzuki and Mazda. Visitgo.delphi.com for specific part information. Delphiignition coils are designed to operate as part of anintegral engine management system to insertpower into spark plugs and ensure fast starts,consistent engine performance and optimizedfuel efficiency.Reader Service: Go towww.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

Beck/Arnley has added three new premium antifreeze/coolants to its lineof genuine OE-quality fluids that arespecifically designed for European vehicles such as Audi, BMW, LandRover, MINI, Volkswagen and Volvo.Beck/Arnley’s premium European antifreeze/coolants are based on monoethylene glycol, contain no nitrates, amines or phosphates, andoffer reliable protection for use in alu-minum and cast-iron engines. Reader Service: Go towww.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

ZF Services LLChas published its fullyupdated 2013 SACHSShocks and Struts cata-log with expanded domestic coverage forlight trucks and late-model vehicles. SACHScontinues to offer solidEuropean coverage andalso continues to grow

the product line to offer even more coverage forthe Asian import market. The catalog now includes 2,198 part numbers. New in 2013,SACHS is offering a fully assembled premiumStrut and Spring Assembly program. Reader Service: Go towww.icRAPIDRESPONSE.com

<<

Brought to you by

<<

<<

<<

It’s Fast, Easy and Accurate!Get FREE PRODUCT AND SERVICE INFO from the companies featured in this issue of ImportCar.

Advertiser Page ACDelco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12, 13ALLDATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52Autel.us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39Auto Value/Bumper to Bumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cover 4AutoZone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34, 35Bar’s Leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32, 36BendPak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Insert, 58BlueDevil Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18Centric Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28, 29DENSO Sales California, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41Intermotor/SMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Johnson Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10KYB Americas Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27MAHLE Clevite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Mercedes-Benz USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Mitchell 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45Monroe Shocks & Struts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53NAPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21, 43NGK Spark Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37Nissan Motor Corp. USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Nucap Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36, 57O’Reilly Auto Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49Parts Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55Raybestos Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3, 54Schaeffler Group USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8, 9, 24, 25Tenneco/Walker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44Toyota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cover 2, 1TYC/Genera Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47Wagner Brakes/Federal-Mogul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22, 23WORLDPAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cover 3

>> VISIT www.icRapidResponse.com and click on the company from which you want information.

>> OR, go to www.Import-Car.com and click on the ImportCar Rapid Response Logo.

Post your job for just $50 a month!Visit AutoProJobs.com to get started today!

Contact: Karen Kaim p) 330.670.1234 ext. 295 f ) 330.670.7153 [email protected]


Reader Service: Go towww.icRapidResponse.com

WANT DETAILS ONTHE PRODUCTS & SERVICES YOU

SEE IN

DI R E C T C L A S S I F I E D S

ERIKSSON INDUSTRIES • 800-388-4418Old Saybrook, CT • FAX 860-395-0047 • www.zftranspart.com

Audi • BMW Jaguar • Porsche

Range Rover • VW

Filters Mechatronics

Kits Oils

Hard Parts Manuals

Torque Converters

Authorized Distributor

Transmissions/Parts

Import-Car.com 63



Call now to order or to receive a free 2012 catalog 1-800-434-5141www.autobodysuppl ies.com

Why switch to PDQ? PRICES. Low prices. High Quality. Always.1st time buyer? Order from this ad and receive these special prices.

Import-Car.com 65

Import-Car.com


Import-Car.com 67


Track Talk

In 1992, General Motors waslooking for ways to decreasethe number of lower leginjuries to their Indy Car driv-ers. In their research, theywere lacking one piece oftechnology to help them dothis: a way to measure theforce drivers were subjected toin crashes.

They did, however, have adevice placed in shipments ofexpensive equipment goingoversees to determine how thecargo was being handled, andtrack when it was mishandledand by whom. With a fewtweaks, such as an increasedrange of measurement, thecompany realized these devicescould be placed in cars tomeasure the impact of a crash.

That was the beginning ofthe Incident Data Recorder(IDR), or “black box,” inautomobile racing.

Today, NASCAR supplieseach of the cars in its threenational racing series with an

updated version of thatrecorder. In the event of acrash, big or small, NASCARofficials are able to retrieve thedata and details of the crash,including the rate of decelera-tion when the car hits a barrier.

According to Tom Gideon,senior director of safety,research and development forNASCAR, the incident datarecorder has not failed to collect information on acrash yet.

“From 2002 to now, we’verecorded over 6,000 incidentsin the national series,” hesaid. “All the vehicles in ournational series — whichinclude NASCAR Sprint Cup,Nationwide and CampingWorld Series racecars andtrucks — are required to havea crash recorder.”

Since 2002, the accidentdata recorders have riddenalong with NASCAR drivers.Teams are responsible onlyfor the aluminum bracket

that holdsthe recorderinto place inthat car.Before eachrace, a teamof field inves-tigatorsplaces arecorder intothat bracket.Once a magnetic sensorinside the box detects it’sbeen placed into the car, itgoes into a state of readiness.

Because the units don’t havean on/off switch, the magnetsensor helps to preserve thebattery when they aren’t in acar. During a race, the devicemeasures the acceleration ordeceleration of the car 10,000times per second. NASCARofficials remove the IDRs fromthe car after each race, record-ing information from those incars involved in wrecks.

Once NASCAR extracts thedata from a crash, the numbersare then released to the teamwhose car held the recorder.

Teams use thisinformation todetermine howhard the car washit, and whetherthe impact wasbig enough tocause damage tothe seat andrestraints. If so,the seat —which can costup to $12,000— will be fullyinspected beforebeing replaced

or repaired.NASCAR also uses these

devices to re-enact actualcrashes to improve safety andto test new developments.Technicians are able to takethe numbers from a wreckand, using a hydraulic cylin-der and dummy model, exam-ine the effects on the body ofthat identical force. They’veeven used these data recordersto test the Generation-6 car’simproved roll cage by captur-ing the impact when a car isdropped upside down in theResearch and DevelopmentCenter parking lot.

“We’re at all times lookingfor improvements to the carthat we can validate, so thatwhen we finally put it in thecar, we’re not worried thatmaybe we did somethingwrong,” Gideon said.

Learn more about the lat-est technological advances inNASCAR by visiting the newNASCAR AutomotiveTechnology CenterEngineered By Mobil 1:www.nascar.com/automo-tivetechnology

By Kristen Boghosian,NASCAR.COM

Inside NASCAR’s Black Box

Follow NASCAR Performance on Twitter and Facebookwww.twitter.com/NASCARauto

www.facebook.com/NASCARPerformance

During a race, the “black box” measures the accel-eration or deceleration of a race car 10,000 timesper second.

An incident data recorder, also known as a “black box,” gives NASCAR officials the ability

to measure the effects of crashes.

import car

Documents

trademark of babcox

village auto works

importcar staffvolume

cababcox media

orange village

iljohn volz

paid subscriptions

president bill babcox