important cellular enzymes catalase. what is it and what is it for? catalase is an enzyme made in...
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Important Cellular Enzymes
Catalase
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What is it and What is it for?
• Catalase is an enzyme made in the cells of all organisms
• It is needed to break down Hydrogen Peroxide which is toxic to cells
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What is Hydrogen Peroxide?
• This is made as a by product of metabolic reactions.
• Metabolic reactions involve the synthesis and breakdown of substances as well as cell respiration
• Metabolism involves many different reactions but one of the ‘waste’ products produced is Hydrogen Peroxide.
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Why is it toxic to cells?
• Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) splits very readily into Hydroxide radicles (OH-)
• These are incredibly reactive (unstable) and will attack other substances in the cell in order to gain electrons to make themselves stable
• They are a molecule commonly called a ‘Free Radicle’
• They will break bonds of cell molecules including, carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, RNA, lipids etc
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What is the Reaction of this breakdown?
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What happens when H202 is added to cut apple in a test tube?
• Small bubbles form around the apple
What happens if its added to fresh ground Liver?
The solution fizzes dramatically and bubbles nearly flow over the top of the test tube
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Why do the bubbles form? What are they?
• Bubbles form because the catalase is increasing the rate of the reaction
• These bubbles are oxygen gas
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Why does the liver react the most? Especially the ground liver?
• One of the liver’s main jobs is the breakdown of toxic byproducts of metabolism so its cells are chock a block with catalase
• Grinding up the liver will increase its surface area and allow the catalase out of the cells more easily to react.