important data bilingual basics -- j.p. osterling & g.s. kasun 7/20/2009 1 section i: us...

IMPORTANT DATA

Bilingual Basics -- J.P. Osterling & G.S. Kasun 7/20/2009

1

Section I: US Immigration and Education

U.S. Immigration – Overview(Urban Institute, 2006)

7/20/2009Bilingual Basics -- J.P. Osterling & G.S. Kasun

2

Immigrants comprise over 12 % of the U.S. population. If current trends continue, children of

immigrants will represent at least a quarter of all U.S. children by 2010.

Four-fifths of children of immigrants were born in the United States and, are therefore, citizens. Most children of immigrants—61 % in

2003—live in “mixed families,” families in which one or more children are citizens but one or more parents are noncitizens.

U.S. Educational DataInstitute for Educational Sciences

3/28/2009

3

In the 2005-2006 school year, 97,000 public schools 3.1 million teachers 49.1 million public school students

56.5% were White, non-Hispanic; 20.5 % were Hispanic; 17.1 % were Black, non-Hispanic; 4.7 % were Asian/Pacific Islander; and 1.2 % were American Indian/Alaska Native

Immigration: An Important Factor in the Demand for Education


4

In 2006, the foreign-born made up 7% of the total 79.1 million student population of those age 3 and older enrolled in school. Of this total: 8.9 million were enrolled in nursery

school, preschool, or kindergarten. More than one half, 49.8 million, was

enrolled in grades 1 through 12. 20.5 million were enrolled in college or

graduate school.

English Language Learners


5

How many school-aged English Language Learners (ELLs) are there in the U.S?

According to 2005-2006 data from the states, approximately 5,074,572 ELLs are enrolled in grades pre-k through 12.

SOURCE: National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition (2009). Frequently Asked Questions. http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/

http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/

In both elementary (pre-k to grade 5) and secondary (grades 6-12) education, more ELLs in America are native born than are foreign born.

In elementary grades, 24% of ELLs are foreign-born (fi rst generation Americans), whi le 44% of secondary ELL students are foreign-born.

.


6

The Majority of ELL Students are Born in the United States

Documented Undocumented


Temporary, or “Nonimmigrant” Visa Types – “Alphabet

soup” [F, J, H,M]

Temporary Protected Status (TPS)

Permanent, or “Immigrant” (“green cards”)

Refugee or asylum

The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that in the year 2000, approximately 2.5 million undocumented youth under age 18 were living in the U.S.

Each year, over 65,000 undocumented students graduate from U.S. high schools.

7

Immigrant Students

Legal Status of Foreign-Born Living in the United States

30% are Naturalized US Citizens31% are Legal Permanent Residents5% are Legal Temporary Residents8 % are Refugee Arrivals26% are Undocumented Immigrants


8

U.S. Foreign-Born Population Size & Composition


9

Approximately, 38.1 million foreign-born people lived in the United States in 2007.

Country of birth: Mexico, more than 11.7 million people; China (1.9 million), The Philippines (1.7 million), India (1.5 million), El Salvador and Vietnam (both at 1.1

million).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau – NewsroomFebruary 19, 2009

http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/american_community_survey_acs/013308.html

Education: Urban Institute 2006


10

Children of immigrant parents—whether legal or illegal—are the fastest growing segment of the nation's child population.

There are over 5 million children living with undocumented parents. Even in families in which parents are undocumented, two-thirds of the children are U.S.-born citizens.

Children who are U.S. citizens are entitled to public benefits, but their undocumented parents may be reluctant to approach public institutions for services because they fear deportation. Unauthorized parents also often work at low-paying jobs.

Focus on Students: Existing Situation


11

Most young immigrants have no way of changing their legal status independent of their parents;

Immigrant students are able to apply and be accepted to college, regardless of immigration status, although many times, the paperwork is even more cumbersome and admissions staff members may not be helpful.

Immigrant students with temporary residency (e.g., F-1 or J-1 visas) or who those who are undocumented, are not eligible for federal or state financial aid, not eligible for in-state-tuition rates at public colleges and universities, and must pay out of state or foreign student tuition rates.

important data bilingual basics -- j.p. osterling & g.s. kasun 7/20/2009 1 section i: us...

Documents