Important Dates and Facts: Stuart Monarchy and the Commonwealth

1642-1648: English Civil War: Puritans (Roundheads) versus Royalists (Cavaliers)

Charles I, Stuart executed by act of Parliament in 1649.

1649-1658 The Commonwealth, Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector.

1658-1660: Richard Cromwell

Dates and Facts: Glorious Revolution

1660: The Restoration of Charles II. 1685: James II, Charles’ unpopular Catholic

brother ascends the throne. 1688: The Glorious Revolution. Routing of

James II from the throne by William of Orange and Mary (daughter of James II)

1688-1702: William and Mary’s joint rule 1702-1714: Queen Anne, Stuart, second

daughter of James II, sister of Mary.

Dates and Facts: The Hanovers

1714-1727: George I, German Prince leaves England to her own devices.

Rise of modern constitutional monarchy. 1720-1742: Prime Minister Robert Walpole Cabinet ministers as the Executive;

Parliament as Legislative branches of government. Parliament responsible to the electorate.