improved image reconstruction software for safer and less...
TRANSCRIPT
Improved Image Reconstruction Software
for safer and less expensive Tomographic Scanning(CT, PET, SPECT)
CT = Computed TomographyPET = Positron Emission TomographySPECT = Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
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The Problem
• Medical imaging using ionizing radiation saves lives
• Ionizing radiation is harmful*
• Tomographic imaging techniques are the most usefulbut cause the most harm (excluding MRI)
- Powerful diagnostic technique for cardiology, oncology, neurology, other- CT, PET and SPECT
* From GE Healthcare web page: “You and your patients continue to demand lower dose, but not at the expense of diagnostic image quality.”
- Can damage DNA, increasing a person’s lifetime risk of developing cancer
- CT scan is equivalent to 100 – 800 chest X-rays- PET/SPECT scan is equivalent to 10 – 2,050 chest X-rays
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The Opportunity
• Reducing radiation dose in tomographic scanning is a current top priority of the NIH
- Exposure to ionizing radiation for diagnostic purposes has nearly doubled in US between 1960 and 2006
• From 3.6 mSv to 6.3 mSv
• Scanner throughput is a function of dose and time
- Only way to reduce patient time in expensive equipment is to increase dose or increase imaging sensitivity
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The Solution
Powerful new image reconstruction algorithm for CT, PET, and SPECT
• Based on previously unidentified mathematical relations between special orthonormal basis functions
• Significant reduction (by the order of magnitude) in required scanning data without degrading image quality
Much lower radiation dose, scanning time and angular range
• Applicable to different scanning geometries (parallel-beam, fan-beam, cone-beam, etc.) for 2D and 3D reconstruction
• Patent pending
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Inverse Radon Transform based on new algorithm
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The new proprietary algorithm requires about 9 times lower radiation dose to produce the same image quality as current standard-of-care CT reconstruction engines
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Inverse Radon Transform based on Filtered Back Projection
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Inverse Radon Transform based on new algorithm
from 29 parallel-beam projections (within 29 range)
Original Phantom
180/29 6.2
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Medical Imaging and Industrial CT Applications
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Robustness to Noise
Inverse Radon Transform based on new algorithm
Original Phantom
Inverse Radon Transform based on Filtered Back Projection
180/20 = 9
from 20 parallel-beam projections (within 60 range)
from 180 parallel-beam projections (within 180 range) 7
• 2D/3D Reconstruction Engine:
- Software and hardware which converts raw data into 2D/3D models to allow lower dose diagnoses- Incorporates AlgoTerra’s proprietary algorithm which requires significantly less scan data for accurate
reconstruction
• Business Models:
- Aftermarket device sales: plug and play replacement for current 2D/3D reconstruction hardware and software
- SaaS provider: radiologist sends raw 2D scanner data, company sends back 3D reconstruction
- License: license algorithm and software to CT, PET, and SPECT equipment manufacturers
Business Proposition
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CT, PET, SPECT scanner
Image display
Drop-inReplacementReconstructionEngine
Current Reconstruction
Engine*
Post-reconstruction
Image Processor
DICOM DICOM
DICOM DICOM
OR
Reconstruction provided over the Internet (SaaS)
Intern
et DICOM
Intern
etDICOM
* The current reconstruction engine may be incorporated into the scanner or a separate computing device
DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is a standard for handling, storing, printing, and transmitting information in medical imaging, and includes a file format definition and a network communications protocol. It is used by all CT, PET, SPECT and MRI scanner manufactures.
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Markets
CT scanning
CT systems market had revenues of $4,336.0M in 2016 across the 39 major markets (US, France, Germany, Italy,
Spain, UK, Japan, Brazil, China, India, South Korea, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Russia, Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, Taiwan, New Zealand, Argentina, Chile, Egypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and the
United Arab Emirates). It is predicted that, by the end of 2023, the global CT systems market will increase to
$12,135.2M, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 18.2%.
The key drivers for the market are:
• Increased interest in high-slice CT systems due to wider applications and improved patient throughput
• High growth in the utilization of computed tomography, particularly in countries with emerging
economies such as China and India
• Strong anticipated growth in the number of annual CT scans due to increasing disease burdens and
aging populations
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Nuclear Medicine Imaging Market
• PET/SPECT market: 6,390 units sold in 2015
• 2012 sales of PET/SPECT - $1,547B
( US: $444M; EU: $309M; Japan: $259M; China: $160M )*
• Installed base:
- in US: SPECT units – 13,000+; PET units – 2,000+
- Global growth rate: 3.0% CAGR (6.4% for PET in EU)
• PET – primarily used for oncology
- 70% of units sold are hybrid PET/CT scanners
- Avg. Price: Hybrid - $1.6M; PET alone - $750k
• SPECT – primarily used for cardiology
- 60% of SPECT units sold are hybrid SPECT/CY scanners
- Avg. Price: Hybrid - $413k; SPECT alone - $325k
* Frost & Sullivan 11
Other Markets
An increasing number of industries are discovering that X-ray CT scanning is a vital tool to ensure the highest product quality. Not only X-ray computed tomography can detect internal defects during a quality assurance process but it also permits a quantitative analysis of a defect as well, and the highly accurate 3D model can be compared with the original CAD data.
Industrial Non-Destructive Testing
Cargo Scanning andVehicle Screening
Baggage Screening
Mail and Parcel Inspection
Food Inspection
Industrial CT
Electronics Inspection
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