IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF MUNICIPAL

WASTE COLLECTION: THE CASE OF

KRAGUJEVAC

Nebojša Jovičić

Goran Bošković

Marko Milašinović

Goran Vujić

Gordana Jovičić

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Kragujevac

Introduction

The aim of this research is improvement of municipal system for

solid waste management in the City of Kragujevac by raising energy

efficiency of waste collecting and transport.

Modalities of the aim:

Development and implementation of basic model of municipal system for

solid waste management database (Environmental information system of

Kragujevac) at the level of GIS application

Implementation of system for monitoring of waste collection over the

Internet

Implementation of methodology for defining energetic costs of the process

of collecting and transport of waste in the existing system of routes

Development and implementation of methodology for the optimization of

the waste collection and transport system based on GIS technology (route

optimization)

Municipal system for solid waste

management database

Loading spots database

Location ID 0004

Number of bins 4

Position N44 00 417 Е20 53 331

Street Momira Markovica

Area Bagremar

Location ID 318

Number of bins 1

Position N44 01 527 Е20 56 623

Street Industrijska

Area Lepenica

Number of landfill visits 3Distance 36.8 kmTime 5h 28 minAverage speed 7 km/hNumber of loading spots 97Number of waste bins 275

R-01040101

R-01040101a

Municipal system for solid waste

management database

Distance 13.7 kmTime 2h 32 minAverage speed 5 km/hNumber of loading spots 38

Number of waste bins 106

Locations ID 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 750, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 776, 777

Database in Google Earth software

Monitoring and recording the vehicle’s paths

System for monitoring

Costs of energy

Costs of energy – Sector 1

Costs of energy – all sectors

Area under study

Sector 4:

Area – 4 square kilometers

305 loading spots

800 waste bins

5 different routes

Route optimization - ArcGis

Sector 4

Route ID Origin route [km] Optimized route [km] Savings [km] Savings [%]

R04010101 17,3 16,7 0,6 3,6

R04020101 19,6 15,4 4,2 27,3

R04040101 24,3 20,6 3,7 18

R04050101 29,4 22 7,4 25

R04070101 30,3 27,6 2,7 9,7

Optimization for minimal fuel

consumption

Developed model

4905.04,1068 VFCS

SCFFCSfc *

)( ii fcLsegTFC

Type of environment (rural, urban, extra urban)

Street wideness (one or two lanes)

Density of junctions controlled by traffic light

Traffic-calming measures

Optimization for minimal fuel

consumption

Classification of street types:

94,0/ 12 TFCTFC

Conclusions

The City of Kragujevac produces 57,000 tons of solid waste each year

Total costs of collecting and transport of solid waste for the last year were 30.000.000 RSD (fuel, oil and maintenance costs)

According to this study expected savings are 20% (60.000 €per year)

213.000 kg of CO2 less emissions in the atmosphere per year