In the name of Allah

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All right reserved, No part of this publication may reproduced or transmitted in any

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The abstract book of 17th

Iranian seminar of analytical chemistry Abstracts and Author Index ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

Chief editor: Dr. Mohsen Behpour

S. Amir Hossein Nikookar Edited by:

Publisher: DAVAT publication

Printing Supervisor: Mohammad Ali Heydari

Printing and binding: Alhady

First Printing: 2010 - 1389

Print Run: 1000

ISBN: 978 964 2909 95 7

) كاشان: 1389: هفدهمين( ايران تجزيه شيمي سمينار : سرشناسهIranian Seminar of Analytical Chemistry (17

th : 2010 : Kashan)

The abstract book of 17 : پديدآور نام و عنوان th

Iranian seminar of analytical chemistry-

. / Mohsen Behpour, Amir Hossein Nikookar .م2010= 1389 ، دعوت: تهران : نشر مشخصات .نمودار جدول، مصور،.: ص250 : ظاهري مشخصات 7 95 2909 964 978 : شابك فيپا : نويسي فهرست وضعيت انگليسي : يادداشت ايران تجزيه شيمي سمينار هفدهمين مقاالت خالصه مجموعه: فارسي به عنوان : يادداشت نامه واژه : يادداشت ...سمينار ايرانين سونتينث : گسترده عنوان ....سمينار ايرانين 17 : عنوان آوانويسي ها كنگره -- تجزيه شيمي : موضوع - 1344 محسن، بهپور، : افزوده شناسه Behpour,Mohsen : افزوده شناسه - 1361 اميرحسين، نيكوكار، : افزوده شناسه Nikookar,AmirHossein: افزوده شناسه QD 71 / س 8 1389 : كنگره بندي رده 543/1 : ديويي بندي رده 2095662 : ملي كتابشناسي شماره

17th Iranian Seminar of Analytical Chemistry

12-14 September 2010 (21-23 shahrivar 1389)

Department of Analytical Chemistry

Faculty of Chemistry

University of Kashan

Kashan, Iran

With the collaboration of Iranian Chemical Society

17th Iranian Seminar of Analytical Chemistry

12-14 September 2010 (21-23 shahrivar 1389)

Department of Analytical Chemistry

Faculty of Chemistry

University of Kashan

Kashan, Iran

With the collaboration of Iranian Chemical Society

iv

In the name of Allah

Dear colleagues

It is our great pleasure to welcome you for attending 17th

Iranian

Seminar of Analytical Chemistry. The seminar will be held in the

Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Kashan with the

collaboration of the Iranian Chemical Society from Sunday 12th of

September through Tuesday 14th

of September 2010 (21-23 shahrivar

1389). The seminar will provide a national forum to share knowledge and

discuss ideas with colleagues from many different Universities and

research centers.

The scientific program covers a large variety of topics in analytical

chemistry, including chemometrics, electrochemistry, separation,

spectroscopy and all subjects related to the analytical chemistry, and

includes 56 oral presentation and 684 posters.

The abstracts submitted for presentation in 17th

ISAC were reviewed

at least by two referees, and then the final decision was made by the

scientific committee. As we received a huge number of abstracts, it was not

possible to the organizing committee to perform the english editing for

them. Therefore, the abstracts were published in the book of abstracts and

also extended abstracts are in a CD as the authors had sent those.

The scientific and the organizing committees would like to express

their gratitude to all authors for their contribution in this seminar.

I hope that you will enjoy the 17th

Iranian Seminar of Analytical

Chemistry with the scientific and relaxing social programs and have a

wonderful experience in the cultural and natural heritage of Kashan that

will stay in your memories forever. I would like to sincerely appreciate the

chancellor of the University of Kashan, the Iranian Chemical Society,

scientific committee, Faculty of Chemistry, and the graduate students of

Department of Analytical Chemistry for their assistance in organizing this

seminar.

With the best wishes

Mohsen Behpour

The Chairman of the 17th

Iranian Seminar of Analytical Chemistry

v

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

Abbaspour A. Shiraz University Abdollahi H. Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Bagheri H. Sharif University of Technology Behpour M. University of Kashan Ensafi A.A. Isfahan University of Technology Gholami A. University of Kashan Ghoreishi S.M. University of Kashan Masoum S. University of Kashan Nematollahi D. Bu-Ali Sina University Noroozian E Sahid Bahonar University Noroozifar M. Sistan and Balouchestan University Poorreza N. Shahid Chamran University Shabani M. University of Kashan

1

Plenary

Lectures

2

Recent Advances on the Analytical Applications of Silica, Modified Silica and Magnetic Nanoparticles@Silica Modified Electrodes

Esmaeil Shams Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

In this lecture the analytical applications of chemically modified electrodes involving silica, modified silica, and magnetite silica core shell nanoparticles (Fe3O4@silica) will be reported. The attractive properties of silica-based materials for electroanalysis, (high surface area, adsorption capacity, acid/base chemistry and thermal stability) which provide an attractive technology platform for the design of electrochemical sensors and biosensors will be briefly described. Different strategies for the preparation of silica based modified electrodes will be discussed. The chemistry of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with unique physicochemical properties and great potential for various applications will be discussed. The application of MNPs as one of the most popular nanomaterials applied to immobilize proteins, enzymes and mediators in analytical chemistry will be reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the strategies to incorporate the magnetic nanoparticles in silica and the methods to achieve the dual properties of MNPs and silica. Introduction

The development and application of chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) have received considerable attention in recent years. CMEs are characterized by purposefully altering their surface characteristics to display new qualities that can be exploited for analytical purposes. Among the wide range of applications of CMEs (thin layer characterization, permselective membranes, charge storage devices, electrocatalysis, and electroanalysis) electroanalysis holds a prominent place. A wide range of electrode modifiers including: polymers, permselective membranes, organic ligands, lipids, surfactants, organic or inorganic microparticles, organometallic or inorganic catalysts, ion exchangers, biological materials, clays, zeolites, etc. have been used for electrode modification [1].

Chemically modified electrodes involving silica based materials have recently attracted much attention in the field of electroanalysis. Silica presents attractive properties which could be advantageously exploited, for example in the accumulation of electroactive analytes before their electrochemical detection. In addition, the surface of silica contains many different types of silanol groups which can react with a variety of functional groups, leading to considerable enrichment of their surface properties [2]. Perhaps the greatest interest in silica materials, however, arises because most of them can be manufactured quite easily at room temperature by sol-gel processing and providing the possibility to immobilize biological materials by encapsulation within a silica network without preventing their activity [1].

In recent years, with the rapid development of nanostructured materials and nanotechnology in the fields of biotechnology and medicine, nanosized magnetic particles have received considerable attention for their novel properties. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with appropriate surface chemistry can be used for numerous applications, such as MRI contrast enhancement, immobilization of proteins, immunoassay, detection of DNA hybridization, drug delivery and so on [3]. All of these biomedical applications require that the nanoparticles have high magnetization values, a size smaller than 100 nm, and a narrow particle size distribution [4]. Recently, magnetic nanoparticles have also been studied in electrochemistry. Unfortunately, iron oxide nanoparticles with a large surface area are easily oxidized, i.e. they react vigorously with oxygen present in the air and also react between themselves forming aggregates. To overcome these limitations in the research of such nanoparticles, the main protocol is to modify the surface during the synthesis or coating process [5]. Many techniques and applications for the surface modification such as silica-coated, gold coated, silver-coated, and titania-coated magnetic shell/core NPs have been reported [4]. Considerable interest over the past two decades has been directed toward the functionalization of silica NPs because of their excellent biocompatibility, stability, and established synthesis protocols. Furthermore, the use of silica chemistry

3

allows the attachment of molecules with a relative ease using a variety of modifiers. In this manner, the benefits of surface chemistry of silica and the uniqueness of MNPs could be combined [6]. Results and Discussions

In our research group, a variety of chemically modified carbon paste electrodes have been developed using silica gel, titanium- and zirconium phosphate grafted on silica gel, organically modified silica gel, and magnetite silica core shell nanoparticles. These electrodes were used for electrochemical determination of heavy metals, and (bio)organic materials. Here, important features of these electrochemical sensors will be presented and the prospects of the silica- and MNPs@silica- modified electrode will be discussed. References: [1] Walcarius, A. Electroanalysis 2001, 13, (8-9), 701-718. [2] Zejli, H.; Sharrock, P.; Hidalgo-Hidalgo de Cisneros, J.L.; Naranjo-Rodriguez, I.; Temsamani, K. R. Talanta 2005, 68, 79-85. [3] Laurent, S.; Forge, D.; Port, M.; Roch, A.; Robic, C.; Vander Elst, L.; Muller, R.N. Chem. Rev.,

2008, 108 (6), 2064-2110. [4] Qiu, J.-D.; Xiong, M.; Liang, R.-P.; Peng, H.-P.;, Liu, F. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2009, 24, 2649–2653. [5] Zou, Z.Q.; Ibisate, M.; Zhou, Y.; Aebersold, R.; Xia, Y.N.; Zhang, H. Anal. Chem. 2008’ 80, 1228–1234. [6] Xu, Q.; Bian, X.-J.; Li, L.-L.; Hu, X.-Y.; Sun, M.; Chen, D.; Wang, Y. Electrochem. Commun. 2008,

10, 995–999.

4

Chemometrics in Omics world S.Masoum

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran

Omics is a general term for a broad discipline of science and engineering for analyzing the interactions of biological information objects in various omes. These include genome, proteome, metabolome. The recent biological ‘Omics’ domain is formed by several technological platforms (Genomics, Proteomics, Metabonomics) using multiparametric biochemical information derived from the different levels of biomolecular organization (respectively the genes, proteins and metabolites) to study the living organisms [1].

The intention of this presentation is to give an overview of studies applying a chemometrical approach throughout an omics world.

Metabonomics, defined as a systems approach to investigating the metabolic consequences of (patho)physiological or genetic modification in a multivariate and dynamic manner, has evolved from the work of Nicholson and co-workers [2] using high field NMR spectroscopic analysis of biological matrices as the dominant analytical platform. Metabonomics forms part of a suite of platform technologies, which together provide a holistic picture of an organism in terms of basal state and/or response to pathophysiological or genetic stimuli. Whilst genomics allows the measurements of responses of living systems to drugs at the genetic level and proteomics enables the response of an organism at the level of cellular proteins to be assessed, neither technology provides a complete description of a toxicological episode.

Several analytical technologies have been applied to such studies, including 1HNMR, GC/MS, LC/MS and 2D PAGE. In each case, the abundance of data that are generated requires application of sophisticated data handling approaches such as the multivariate algorithms of chemometrics. Information provided by metabonomics studies offers an understanding, via a holistic approach, of the variation of metabolites produced in multicellular organisms and their response to systemic changes. To study these complex relationships, information-rich spectroscopies– e.g., NMR or mass spectrometry–are necessary and are particularly valuable when coupled with multivariate analysis by PCA or SIMCA. Much of the original work in this field was done with 1HNMR. However, LC/MS enables detection of different compounds than NMR and at lower concentrations. The techniques for LC/MS are straightforward, and instrumentation is fairly ubiquitous. So long as the LC/MS software can prepare data appropriate for the multivariate analysis package, the approach should be accessible to many labs.

Pattern recognition (PR) and related multivariate statistical approaches can be used to discern patterns in complex data sets and are particularly appropriate in situations where there are more variables than samples in the data set, such as is often the case with spectral data. Chemometric methods are applied in metabonomic analysis to classify objects (in this case 1HNMR spectra of biofluid or tissue samples), to reduce the amount of data for visualization purposes and to predict the origin of objects (samples) based on identification of inherent patterns in a set of spectral measurements. Early multivariate approaches to the analysis of 1H NMR spectra of rat urine, following a chemically- induced toxic insult, involved the use of PCA or non-linear mapping of scored or quantitated measurements of selected metabolite signals to indicate an elevation or depletion in the levels of these urinary metabolites after toxic insult. However, despite the rudimentary nature of scoring systems, clear relationships between metabolic composition and the dominant site/nature of toxicity could be established based on characteristic toxin-induced perturbations in the measured metabolites. Additionally the metabolites that exerted the greatest influence on the clustering behavior of certain classes of pathology (i.e. biomarkers) could be determined from the variable loadings [3]. In proteomics study, projection methods (i.e., PCA and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis [PLS-DA]) were used to overview results from two-dimensional (2D) protein gel separations. The aim was to unravel possibilities for target discovery options via an in-depth understanding of quantified

5

alterations in tissue or body fluid sample protein levels related to diseases [4]. In genomics, Multi-class cancer classification based on microarray gene expression profiles was achieved by PLD-DA that provides a sound statistical basis for the selection, from an original 9605-data set, of a limited number of gene transcripts most effective in discriminating different tumour histotypes. The potentialities of the PLS-DA approach are pointed out by its ability to identify genes which are associated with cancer development [5]. References: 1- R. Rousseau, B. Govaerts, M. Verleysen, B. Boulanger, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst. 91 (2008) 54–66. 2- J.K. Nicholson, J.A. Timbrell, P.J. Sadler, Mol. Pharmacol. 27 (1985) 644-651. 3- H. Antti, E. Holmes, J. Nicholson, http://www.acc.umu.se/~tnkjtg/Chemometrics/Editorial. 4- J. Gottfries, M. Sjögren, B. Holmbergc, L. Rosengren, P. Davidsson, K. Blennow, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst. 73 (2004) 47–53. 5- G. Musumarra, V. Barresi, D. F. Condorelli, C. G. Fortuna, S. Scire, J. Chemom. 18 (2004) 125–132.

6

Study of the effect of derivation of spectra as a preprocessing method to narrowing the feasible bonds of response profiles resulted in MCR

Morteza Bahram a,*, Hamid Abdollahi b, Elsie Bet-Moushoul a a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia , Iran

b Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, 45195-1159, Iran *Email: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir

Abstract

Several techniques have been proposed for treatment of spectrophotometric data, with the objective of extracting a largest amount of analytical information from spectra composed of unresolved bands. Undoubtedly, a major success was achieved by derivative treatment of the absorbance curves-plotting of the first or a higher order mathematical derivative of absorbance against wavelength (dA/dλ). Derivative UV spectroscopy has been widely used as a tool for quantitative analysis, characterization, and quality control in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and biomedical fields.

The main sources of uncertainly associated with the resolution results are the ambiguity of the recovered profiles and the experimental noise of the data.

The effect(s) of derivation of spectra as a preprocessing step on the feasible bonds of concentration profiles in soft-models is investigated in this work. Preprocessing of data by derivation may not reduce the number of components while cause selective region(s) in data matrix to be obtained. Although, when using derivative spectra the non-negativity constraint is missed at least in one mode based on the nature of data handling, but the effect of this method shows great advantages in outcomes. These effects are more obvious when overlapping increased more.

References: [1] ] F. Sánchez Rojas, C. Bosch Ojeda, Analytica Chimica Acta 635 (2009) 22–44. [2] J. Jaumot , Jose C. Menezes and Roma Tauler, J. Chemometrics, 20, 2006; 54-67. [3] R. Tauler , J. Chemometrics, 15, 2001; 15:627-616. [4] M. Vousough , C. Mason , R. Tauler , M. Jalali-Heravi, M. Maeder, J. Chemometrics, 20, 2006;

302-310. [5] L. Blanchet , C. Ruckebusch , Chemom. Intel. Lab. Syst., 89 (2007) 26-35.

1. Introduction

In Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR) methods, a bilinear decomposition of the experimental data matrix is performed using the model equation:

D=CST+E (1) where D is the matrix of mixture spectra. Rows and columns of the data matrix will be spectra or concentration profile respectively. C is the matrix of simulated concentration profile, ST is the pure spectra matrix and E is the simulated noise matrix. It is clear that if no constraint is considered, there is an infinite number of possible solutions of C and S give the same result. Physically constraint such as non-negativity of the concentrations or any other constraints reduce the range of solutions to a narrow or, under certain circumstance, even to a unique set of matrix C and S. As mentioned, the main limitation of all soft-modeling methods is the fact that there is often no unique solution, rather than is range of feasible solution which fit the data equally well while fulfilling the applied constraint. This fact is known as rotational ambiguity. In this work the effect of several preprocessing methods on the feasible bonds of response profiles and convergence rate of the MCR results is investigated. Differencing and derivation of spectra as two preprocessing methods were tested in this work. The feasible bond of several simulated data such as complexometric titration data, kinetic data and diprotic acid titration data were analyzed and compared with those of original data. The results showed that by using this pretreatment strategy the feasible bonds of MCR results are narrowed. This effect in analyzing the data with high degree of overlapping is very obvious.

7

390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 4700

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1x 10

-3 Measured Spectra

Wavelength (nm)

Abs

orba

nce

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1x 10

-3

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8x 10

-4

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3x 10

-6

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1x 10

-3

(a)

(b)

(c)

Simulated data Differenced data

Derivative data

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4x 10

-3

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1x 10

-3

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 8000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

2. Result and Discussion Differencing and derivation of spectra have been used as reprocessing steps prior to analyzing the

spectroscopic or any other data matrix. In this work, the effect of such preprocessing techniques in soft-modeling analysis in order to decrease the boundaries of concentration profiles is investigated.

The data set (D) in Fig. 1 was simulated from H2A profile that is shown by the following reaction: H2A ↔ HA - + H+ (Ka1) (2) HA - ↔ A2- + H+ (Ka2) (3)

Fig. 1(b) represents the concentration profiles of H2A, HA- and A2- in original and derivative data and the concentration profiles of HA- and A2- in difference spectra.

Fig.1. Simulated data, difference and derivate data matrices (a) concentration profile (b) and spectra(c)

In this paper the Ferobenius norm of the signal contribution of particular spices with respect to the Ferobenius norm of the signal for all the considered spices is defined as

f k(T)=║ck skT║ ⁄ ║CST║ (4)

were used to comparison of feasible bond lengths of resulted profiles in tree investigated method. The results are summarized in Fig. 2. As can be seen from these results differencing or derivation of data reduces the range of solutions to a narrow or, under certain circumstance, even to a unique set of matrix C.

8

References: [1] J. Jaumot , Jose C. Menezes and Roma Tauler, J. Chemometrics, 20, 2006; 54-67. [2] R. Tauler , J. Chemometrics, 15, 2001; 15:627-616. [3] M. Vousough , C. Mason , R. Tauler , M. Jalali-Heravi, M. Maeder, J. Chemometrics, 20, 2006;

302-310. [4] M. Bahram and M. Mabhooti , J. Chemometrics, 23, 2009; 236-247. [5] L. Blanchet, C. Ruckebusch , Chemom. Intel. Lab. Syst., 89 (2007) 26-35.

Simulated data Differenced data Derivative data

Component 1

Component 2

Norm bond 0.3723

0.3727

0.000095

0.0039Norm bond

0.23751

0.29217

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

-2.00E-01

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

Table 1. Measurement result of data after preprocessing methods

9

Natural Compounds and Proteomics Alireza Ghassempour

Phytochemistry Department, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran

Abstract Proteomics by definition is the study of protein sequence, interactions, modifications, and subcellular localizations and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques obatin data acquisition and confident protein identification for proteomics. The relation of one secondary metabolite, proteomics,

transcriptomics and genomics was shown in this figure (1).

Paclitaxel was selected as model of a secondary metabolite of taxus tree. Primary work in analytical chemistry is study of this metabolite in natural media. A simple and rapid microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) procedure was developed and optimized for the extraction of paclitaxel from the needles of yew trees Taxus baccata L. grown in Iranian habitats. This metabolite was analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC/UV). LC-tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) was used for confirmation of its structure [2]. Also, this metabolite was prepared by cell culture and extracted and analyzed by introduced methods [2]. A heart-cutting two dimensional HPLC (2D-HPLC) in analytical and semi-preparative scales were developed for analysis and isolation of this metabolite (paclitaxel) [3]. Seasonal variation of it was monitored by HPLC and LC-MS/MS for finding better condition of paclitaxel preparation [4]. Also, nano LC-Fourier transform MS (nano LC-FTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed the presence of Taxine B, as another metabolite, in leaves of Taxus baccata L [5]. But the amount of paclitaxel in taxus tree is very low and larger amount of it is required for cancers.

The upper figure shows Gen is original source of metabolite and it may be easily promote preparation of metabolites by generation of proteins. But to quote the Nobel Laureate Edmond H. Fischer-, ‘‘genome sequencing might enable us to predict the proteins that can potentially be generated, but not where, when, or at what level’’ [1]. In the other hand, protein has a correlation with metabolite. Thus proteomics requires for understanding of paclitaxel preparation. If the mechanism of proteomics for this metabolite could understand, the preparation of paclitaxel would be available. The sensitivity of plant cells to stress has been regarded as one influence parameter on proteins. Thus extracellular proteins of the suspension cultured Taxus cuspidata cells were investigated by 2D LC–MS/MS [7].

Also, proteomics has been used for study of biological active of proteins. Skin secretions of amphibians represent a rich chemical pool of host-defence compounds, which are part of their body’s own defence system against microorganisms and predators. Several peptides have been characterized, predominantly from Australian species. Mass spectra were acquired by FT-MS, nano-HPLC-MS was used to analyze peptides at low concentration levels of frog peptides [8].

10

References: G. K. Agrawal1 R. Rakwal1, Mass Spec Rev 25 (2006) 1–53.

1. M. Talebi, A. Ghassempour, Z. Talebpoura, A. Rassouli, L. Dolatyari, J. Sep. Sci. 27 (2004) 1130-1136.

2. A. Yari Khosroushahi, M. Valizadeh, A. Ghassempour, M. Khosrowshahli, H. Naghdibadi, M. R. Dadpour, Y. Omidi, Cell Biol. International 30 (2006) 262-269.

3. A. Ghassempour, M. Noruzi, M. Zandehzaban, Z. Talebpour, A. Yari Khosroshahi, N. Mashkouri Najafi, M. Valizadeh, T. Poursaberi, M. Talebi, H. Naghdibadi, J. Liq. Chromatogr.Rel.Tech. 31(2008) 382-394.

4. A. Ghassempour, H. Rezadoost, M. Ahmadi, H. Y. Aboul-Enein, J. Liq. Chromatogr.Rel.Tech., 32, (2009) 1434-1447.

5. A. Mashouf, A. Ghassempour, H. Rezadoost, B. Spengler, A. Römpp, submitted for publication.

6. J. S. Cheng, Y. J. Yuan, J. Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic 58 (2009) 84–92. 7. M. Langsdorf , A. Ghassempour, A. Roempp, B. Spengler, submitted for publication.

11

Orals

12

O 01

Doping copper oxide nanoparticles in sol–gel-derived carbon ceramic electrode by microwave irradiation, and its application for determination

of adenine at very low potential Abdolkarim Abbaspour and Ali Ghaffarinejad* Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences,

Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran 7145685464 E-mail: Ghaffarinejad@gmail.com

Abstract

In this study a new method for doping copper oxide nanoparticles in sol–gel-derived carbon ceramic using microwave (MW) irradiation is described. Copper oxide nanoparticles and carbon ceramic are produced simultaneously in a very short time (a few minutes) without using HCl and methanol, which usually are used in sol–gel preparation as catalyst and solvent respectively. The composition of the proposed modified carbon ceramic was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), and its surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The proposed ceramic was successfully used as a modified carbon ceramic electrode (MCCE) for electrocatalytic determination of adenine (A) at very lower potential than its usual oxidation potential. The linear range was from 0.2 to 6µM and 6 to 20µM for A using cyclic voltammetry (CV), and the obtained detection limit was 0.1µM. Finally in addition to its electrocatalytic activity the strong adsorption of A on the surface of the modified ceramic electrode was made to apply this electrode in a variety of common biologically interference species.

Keywords: Copper oxide, Carbon ceramic electrode, Sol–gel, Microwave, Adenine O 02

Extraction and then electrochemical determination of chloramphenicol by

molecularly imprinted polymer particles modified electrode

Taher Alizadeh*a, Mashaalah Zareb, Mohamad Reza Ganjalib,

a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil, Iran b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A Chloramphenicol (CAP) selective MIP and non imprinted polymer (NIP) were synthesized and then used for the carbon paste (CP) electrode preparation. The prepared electrode was used for CAP measurement by the three steps procedure, including analyte extraction in the electrode, electrode washing and electrochemical measurement of CAP. The MIP-CP electrode showed very high

recognition ability in comparison to NIP-CP. It was shown that electrode washing after CAP extraction led to enhanced selectivity. The response of DPV for CAP determination by proposed electrode was higher than that of SWV. Some parameters affecting sensor response were optimized and then a calibration curve was plotted. A dynamic linear range of 8×10-9-1×10-6 M was obtained. The detection limit of the sensor was calculated equal to 1.5×10-9 M. This sensor was used successfully for CAP determination in synthetic and milk samples. Keywords: Chloramphenicol (CAP); molecularly imprinted polymer; modified carbon paste (CP) electrode O 03

Fabrication of copper- binded DNA functionalized carbon nanotube and chitosan and its application for determination of free cyanide

Meissam Noroozifar *, Mozhgan Khorasani -Motlagh , Reza Akbari

Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: mnoroozifar@chem.usb.ac.ir Abstract

In this work, copper-binded DNA functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and chitosan (Cu2+/DNA/CNTs/Chit) was prepared and casted on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE), which fabricated a Cu2+/DNA/CNTs/Chit/GCE sensor to detect cyanide. The study on this electrode was carried out using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. Cyclic voltammogram of Cu2+/DNA/CNTs/Chit/GCE showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks for Cu2+/Cu+. The effect of concentration of chit on the stability of the response of electrode was optimized. The concentration of cyanide was determined by the complexation of Cu 2+ and free cyanide and in continues decreasing of the redox peak height especially cathodic peak. The type of buffer solution and the pH of this buffer were studied. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 2.5 × 10 -6- 2.34 × 10 -4 using cyclic voltammetry. Detection limit of the sensor was 4.45 × 10-8. The practical application of the present modified electrode was demonstrated by measuring the concentration of cyanide in industrial wastewater samples. O 04 A New Amperometric Method for Determination

of the Rate of Ligand Exchange Reaction Between Ni(salpn) and H2Salen

Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani*, Mohammad Ali Sheikh-Mohseni, Hossein Kholghi, Rasoul

Vafazadeh Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd

University, Yazd, I. R. Iran Email: Hossein.kholghi@yahoo.com

13

Abstract

In this paper we describe a new electrochemical method for studying the kinetic of the Ni(Salpn)/H2Salen ligand exchange reaction in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution (H2Salpn:N,N-propylen-bis(salicylaldimine), H2Salen:N,N-ethylen-bis(salicylaldimine)). The kinetic was studied under pseudo-first order conditions with [H2Salen]>>[Ni(Salpn)]. Cyclic voltammograms of Ni(Salpn), Ni(Salen), H2Salpn and H2Salen revealed that on the potential of 0.6 V, the Ni(Salpn) is electro-active but other substance are nonelectro-active. Therefore, in ammprometric method the 0.6 V potential is applied to working electrode. The decrease of current after addition of H2Salen indicated that Ni(Salpn) complex converted to Ni(Salen) complex, and according to the rate of decreasing of current, the rate constant was determined by solver command in excel software. The rate constant for electrode rotation rates of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 rmin-1 was calculated as 0.0264 s-1, 0.0275 s-1, 0.0283 s-1 and 0.0294 s-1, respectively. Keywords: Ligand exchange kinetic, Amperometry, Solver command, Excel software, Glassy carbon electrode O 05 Highly Sensitive and Amperometric Detection of Periodate at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified

with Iridium (III) Complex and Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Mojtaba Shamsipura, Mahmoud Roushani*a. Ghobad Mansourib

E-mail:mahmoudroushani@yahoo.com

aDepartment of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, payamnor University, Ilam, Iran

Abstract

The electrocatalytic reduction of periodate has been studied at a new Ir complex-incorporated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) supported on a glassy carbon electrode. The electrode surface was modified with casting 20 µL of the Ir-complex and 0.05 mg SWCNT solution (0.0001 M in AN). The cyclic voltammograms of the modified electrode in aqueous solution showed a pair of well defined, stable and reversible redox system of (Ir(III)/Ir(IV)) couple with surface confined characteristics. The electrochemical behavior and stability of the modified electrode in aqueous solution at pH range 2–12 was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The apparent electron transfer rate constant (ks) and transfer coefficient were determined by cyclic voltammetry as ks=7.8s-1 and, α=0.35 respectively. Under optimized conditions of the amperometry method the concentration two

calibration ranges1µM-250µM and 250µM-1mM, detection limit and sensitivity and of, 13 nM and 1520 nA/µM respectively.

Keywords: SWCNTs, Ir-complex , periodate, Electrcatalytic, modified electrode. O 06 Artifical Neural Network for thermogravimetric investigation of polyimide-silica nanocomposite

Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi*, Nafiseh Khoddami, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Azghandi,

Amir Bagheri Garmarudi Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, IKIU,

Qazvin, Iran *Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com

Abstract

The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to train a multi-layer feed forward artificial neural network for investigation of the kinetic parameters in thermal degradation of composite materials based on polyimide and silica nano particles, using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Adoption of PSO model to train the perceptrons in prediction of kinetic parameters is presented. The obtained results illustrated that the successful prediction can be achieved by PSO trained ANN. Moreover, it is capable of producing more rapid and accurate results than its counterparts of a benchmarking back-propagation ANN. Keywords: neural networks; particle swarm optimization; kinetic parameters; thermal degradation; nanocomposite. O 07

Novel Selective Method Based on Negative Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility

Spectrometry (ESI-IMS) for Direct Analysis of Salivary Thiocyanate

M. Javaheri, M. T. Jafari E-mail: Mahdi.chemist86@gmail.com

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology,

Isfahan, I.R. Iran Abstract

This study describes a novel technique for direct analysis of thiocyanate in human saliva, using negative electrospray-ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) and without any considerable sample pretreatment. The ESI-IMS system with nearly complete desolvation can not be useful for salivary thiocyanate analysis because complete overlapping occurs between the format peak of solvent and thiocyanate peak. In addition, the chloride ions existing in saliva produce a very broad peak which has a drastically interfering effect on SCN- determination. In this study, with a little change in operation conditions of apparatus (lowering flow rate of drift gas), it was possible to overcome these

14

problems. Desolvation process was decreased in lower flow of drift gas and this caused SCN- peak to be completely separated from other interference peaks such as chloride ions. The results obtained in this proposed methodology provide the detection limit of 0.003 µg/mL and the linear dynamic range from 0.01 to 1.00 µg/mL for the thiocyanate. Several human saliva samples were analyzed with the proposed negative ESI-IMS and the satisfactory results confirm the capability of the method for direct analysis of salivary thiocyanate. Keywords: Direct analysis; thiocyanate; negative electrospray ionization, Ion mobility spectrometry O 08

Laser induced-thermal lens spectrometry in combination with dispersive liquid- liquid micro

extraction for trace analysis of lead in environmental water samples

Nader Shokoufi*, Amir Hamdamali Analytical Instrumentation & Spectroscopy

Laboratory, Faculty of Analytical & Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering

Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: Shokoufi@ccerci.ac.ir

Abstract

A new combination method including laser induced–thermal lens spectrometry (LI-TLS) and dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction (DLLME) was developed and used for determination and preconcentration of trace amount o lead in liquid samples. Low volume of the remained phase and increasing of the enhancement factor for organic solvent make LI-TLS as a suitable method for determination analyte after DLLME. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.1-75 µg L-1 with the detection limit of 0.006 µg L-1. The enhancement factor of 700 was obtained. DLLME/LI-TLS method was applied to the analysis of environmental water samples. Keywords: Thermal Lens, Lead, Spectrometry, Dispersive O 09

A Sensor for the Determination of procaine hydrochloride based on the Paptode

aAbdolkarim Abbaspour, bReza E. Sabzi, Maryam Abrari

aChemistry Department, Sciences College, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran

E-mail: Abbaspour@chem.susc.ac.ir; Fax: +98 711 228 0828; Tel: +98 711 228 4822

bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran

E-mail: rezasabzi@yahoo.com; Tel-fax: +98 441 227 6707

Abstract A method for the determination of procaine

hydrochloride based on a very simple portable design on TLC strip is described. The procaine hydrochloride reacts with p-(dimethylamino)-benzaldehyde and form a yellow Schiff base. It is reviled that in spectrophotometric method if the content of water is above 0.1%, the absorbance decreases gradually with a raise in water.

In one part of this study appropriate dissolved procaine and p-(dimethylamino)-benzaldehyde in glacial acetic acid were applied vertically (vertical method) on the TLC strip and in the other part of the study the procaine was dissolved in water where as p-(dimethylamino)-benzaldehyde was dissolved in glacial acetic acid and both solutions were injected on TLC strip respectively (water method). These methods were compared with spectrophotometric method. The linear ranges were 0.2-12, 0.2-12, and 0.2-50 ppm for spectrophotometry, vertically, and water methods respectively. The obtained detection limits were 0.1 ppm for all three methods. The RSD was obtained 0.9, 0.8, and 4 for spectrophotometry, vertically, and water methods respectively.

Keywords: Paptode; Procaine hydrochloride; Scanner; TLC; Sensor; RGB O 10

Modified nano silica sorbent for needle trap extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

from aquatic media followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Habib Bagheri*, Ali Roostayi, Esmaeil Babanezhad, Mehrnoush Naderi

Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran-Iran E-mail address: bagheri@sharif.edu (H. Bagheri)

Abstract

In this study, a novel sorbent-based needle trap extraction (NTE) method was developed using modified nano silica sorbent, packed inside a needle. An inexpensive modifier, cis-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), containing a long alkyl chain, was used to modify the surface of the nano-scaled silica particles. After preparing the needle trap device, the feasibility test was examined by extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as model compounds. Thermal desorption was, subsequently, employed to transfer the extracted analytes into a GC–FID. Influencing parameters such as extraction time and temperature, flow rate of analyte flowing through the needle trap, the NaCl concentration percentage in the extraction solution, and desorption temperature and time were optimized. The method validation was performed by GC-MS and limits of detection (LOD) and relative standard deviation (RSD) values for the method under optimized condition were 2-5 ngL-1 and 1.1 – 16.8%, respectively. The hydrophobic interaction between oleic acid and aromatic compounds was the

15

preliminary possible evidence for extraction of these compounds. Keywords: Needle trap extraction, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), modified nanosilica, Cis-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), GC/MS, water sample O 11

Preconcentration of folic acid by applying two phase hollow fiber liquid phase microexraction followed by RP-HPLC-UV detection in fortified

bread samples Mohammad Faraji1, Ebrahim Azadniya1, Yadollah

Yamini2 1. National Nutrition and Food Technology

Research Institute & Faculty, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Science & Health Services

2. Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: mfaraji@modares.ac.ir Abstract

A new and reliable method was developed for the determination of folic acid (FA) in fortified breads. After primary extraction by phosphate buffer (pH 8) and enzymatic digestion, result solution containing released FA was centrifuged and then cleaned by cellulose acetate syringe filter. FA was determined by ion-pair reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled with detector UV (RP-HPLC-UV) at λ=280nm after hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME). Limit of detection (LOD), Dynamic linear rang (DLR), Enhancement Factor (EF), RSD% and Recovery percent (R %) were 2 µgl-1, 2.0-200 µgl-1, 69, 7.6% and 3.5%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to analyze 50 fortified bread containing FA in the level of 150µg/100g and satisfactory results were obtained. Keywords: folic acid, HF-LPME, HPLC. O 12

Development of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by high-performance

liquid chromatography for determination of opium alkaloids in urine samples Mojtaba Shamsipur *, Nazir Fattahi

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

E-mail address: mshamsipur@yahoo.com Abstract

A simple, rapid and sensitive method termed as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) was used to determine opium alkaloids in urine samples. Some effective parameters on extraction were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, enrichment factors and recoveries are in

the range of 63.0-104.5 and 31.5-52.2%, respectively. The calibration graphs are linear in the range of 0.50-500 µg L-1 and limit of detections (LODs) are in the range of 0.2-10 µg L-1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs, for 200 µg L-1 of morphine, codeine and thebaine, 5.0 µg L-1 of papaverine, and 10.0 µg L-1 of noscapine in diluted urine sample) are in the range of 2.8-6.1% (n=7). The relative recoveries of urine samples which have been spiked with alkaloids are 84.3-106.0%. The obtained results show that DLLME combined with HPLC-UV is a fast simple method for the determination of opium alkaloids in urine samples. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME); Opium alkaloids; Urine analysis; High-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) O 13 Green approach to corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution by the extract of punica granatum peel and their components

Mohsen Behpour*, Maryam Khayat Kashani Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran. E-mail: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

The effect of two tannin herbs, Punica granatum and Green tea extract and their main composition involve ellagic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, caffeine as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in 2.0 M HCl solution was investigated by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and Electrochmical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The weight loss results showed that pomegranate and green tea is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for mild steel immersed in 2.0 M HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the plant extracts behave as mixed-type inhibitors. EIS measurements show an increase of the transfer resistance with the inhibitor concentration. The inhibition action of the extract was discussed in view of langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the inhibition efficiency (IE) was studied. It was found that the presence of extract increases the activation energy of the corrosion reaction. Keywords: Corrosion inhibition; pomegranate; green tea; Mild steel; Hydrochloric acid. O 14

Direct Electrosynthesize of Polyaniline–Montmorrilonite Nanocomposite Coatings on

Aluminum and their Corrosion Protection Performance

M. Shabani-Nooshabadi, S.M. Ghoreishi, M.Behpour

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran

16

Abstract Homogeneous and adherent polyaniline–

montmorrilonite nanocomposite coatings were electrosynthesized on aluminum alloy 3004 by using the galvanostatic polarization method. The corrosion protection effect of polyaniline–MMT nanocomposite caotings was demonstrated by performing a series of electrochemical experiments of potentiodynamic and impedance measurements on Al in 3.5 wt% aqueous NaCl electrolytes. The corrosion current values decreased from 6.55 µA cm-2 for uncoated Al to 0.102 µA cm-2 for polyaniline–MMT nanocomposite-coated Al under optimal conditions. O 15

Electrosynthesis of sodium chlorate with DSA electrode at industrial scale and study on

effective parameters at production by experimental design method

Abdolrahim mohtasham*, Bahram mohammadi R&D department – Sina Sarve Delijan Co.- Bouali

industrial zone –Delijan-Iran E-mail : abdolrahim.mohtasham@gmail.com

Abstract

Electrolysis cells is membrane less type that anolyte and catholyte mixed together inside the cell . Electrolyte with specific concentration into cell after that applying a suitable current under specified voltage between the 3.5 to 3 volts, anode, chlorine gas is produced immediately with hydroxide ions produced in the cathode reaction and hypochlorite ions can be formed. The industrial project, in order to optimize the current efficiency, effective parameters such as temperature, concentration and pH change on the current efficiency and their interaction were studied. Experimental design is Full Fractional Factorial method. Note that three parameters were studied at two levels therefore the number of experiments was equal 8. The all of experiment was done at industrial unit with 5500 kg/day capacity. The current efficiency was 93% in the best condition. Keywords: Chlorate , DSA anode , hypochlorite O 16

Electroanalytical application of nanodiamond-graphite film modified pyrolytic

graphite electrode for simultaneous voltammetric for determination of epinephrine and uric acid

Mona Khafaji a, Saeed Shahrokhian a,b aDepartment of Chemistry, Sharif University of

Technology, Tehran 11155-9516, Iran bInstitute for Nanoscience and Technology, Sharif

University of Technology, Tehran, Iran E-mail: mona_khafajy@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this work, nanodiamond graphite (NDG) film is used to modify the pyrolytic graphite electrode.

This NDG/PG modified electrode acts as a sensitive sensor to simultaneous determination of epinephrine (EP) and uric acid (UA) in presence of ascorbic acid (AA). The electrochemical response characteristic of the electrode toward the EP and UA is studied by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The modified electrode shows an excellent activity to resolving EP and UA peaks and completely eliminates the interfering effect of AA. Furthermore, it causes to enhance the peak current for these two compounds. The obtained detection limit is 3 nM for both of them. This sensor exhibited a good reproducibility, repeatability and sensitivity for determination of EP in the human blood serum, urine and EP injection samples. Moreover, the linear range and detection limit in real samples remained constant in comparison with the measurement in the buffer solution. Keywords: Epinephrine; Uric acid; Nanodiamond-graphite; Modified electrode; Cyclic Voltammetry O 17 Probing and characterization of electrochemical

process using real time electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (FTEIS)

S. A. Mozaffari 1* and Su-Moon Park 2 1 Advanced Institute of Technology, Iranian

Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST),

P.O. Box: 15815-3538, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Chemistry and Center for

Integrated Molecular Systems, Pohang University of Science and Technology,

Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea * E-mail: Mozaffari2004@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new attempt to obtain electron transfer kinetic parameters of a bio-macromolecule (cytochrome c, Cyt c) at Captopril (Capt) modified gold electrode/electrolyte interface using Fourier transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (FTEIS) analysis is presented. In this method, FTEIS analysis of a set of chronoamperometric currents recorded upon applying a series of small potential steps during an SCV experiment provides a complete description of an electron transfer reaction at the modified electrode/electrolyte interface in forms of equivalent circuit elements. Conversion of the circuit elements, which obtained from the analysis, allows electrode kinetic parameters including electron transfer rate constant (ko), transfer coefficient (α), and diffusion coefficient (D) of Cyt c to be determined. From comparison of the results obtained by traditional EIS method it can be concluded that FTEIS can be effectively applied for calculation of elektrokinetic parameters of biomolecules during a short time of experiment about 10 sec, which of course is followed by signal analyses.

17

Keywords: Direct electrochemistry, Fourier transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, self-assembled monolayer O 18

Application of Shuffling-ANFIS as a powerful feature selection technique for model design of

CGRP peptides Anahita Kyani*,1, Håvard Jenssen 2

1Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran 2Deptartment of Science, Systems & Models,

Roskilde University, , Roskilde, Denmark Email: Anahita_Kyani@yahoo.com

Abstract

The shuffling-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (Shuffling-ANFIS) has been successfully applied to select the important factors affecting the inhibitory activity of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The poor values of the statistical parameters derived from linear models indicated the probability of a nonlinear relationship between the descriptors and the peptide activities. However, applying an artificial neural network as a nonlinear modeling method could not improve the statistics of the models significantly due to using descriptors selected by linear methods. Shuffling-ANFIS as a powerful nonlinear feature selection technique was used to select four descriptors amongst the conventional, inductive and Dragon descriptors. The artificial neural network model constructed using the four Shuffling-ANFIS selected descriptors could successfully predict 88% of the activities of the peptides in the validation set. The descriptors applied in the final model reveals the importance of peptide properties such as surface area, 3D structure and atomic partial charges as the main factors affecting the antagonist activity of these peptides. Keywords: Shuffling-adaptive neuron fuzzy inference system; Artificial neural networks; CGRP peptides; Peptide design; Nonlinear feature selection O 19 Rank annihilation factor analysis as an efficient

constraint for resolution of kinetic processes with incomplete information

Masoud Shariati-Rad*

Department of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

E-mail: mohmasrad@gmail.com Abstract

A new resolution method based on the combination of rank annihilation factor analysis (RAFA) and soft-modelling approaches is proposed to the analytical study of spectrometrically monitored kinetic processes. This method results from the modification of the iterative soft-modelling multivariate curve resolution-alternating least

squares method (MCR-ALS) by the inclusion RAFA as a versatile constraint that updates the concentration profiles in the ALS iterations. The inclusion of a modeling constraint based on the RAFA in the soft-modeling curve resolution method has allowed for the unambiguous resolution of the component profiles and kinetic constants more accurately. Keywords: Soft-modelling, Curve resolution, Kinetic constants. O 20

Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for determination of Cd and Ni

in tea sample with Flam atomic absorption spectroscopy detection.

M. Ezoddin a,c, T.Taghizadeh b,*, F. Shemirani c

aAdvanced material insitue ,salte research group,semnan university, semnan ,iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University(PNU), Ardakan, Iran

cSchool of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: T.Taghizadeh.2008@gmail.com Abstract

Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry detection (FAAS) was used for the extraction and determination of cadmium and nickel in tea sample. In the proposed approach, dithizone was used as chelating reagent and Chloroform was used as extraction solvent. Extraction conditions including the type of extraction solvent, the volume of extraction solvent, ultrasonication time, the effect of salt and centrifuging time were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit obtained for Cd and Ni were 0.15 µg L−1 and 0.58 µg L−1 respectively. The enrichment factors for Cd and Ni was found 45, 40 respectively. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) for the extraction of 50 µg L−1 of cadmium and nickel were 1.98 and 2.10 respectively (n=5). Keywords: Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, dithizone, flame atomic absorption spectrometry O 21 New method for determination of indigo in Dye bath in presence of some interfering colorant agents using photoluminescence spectrometry

Ali Gholami, Houshang Noorizadeh* Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran E-mail: h_noorizadeh@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

Nowadays application and importance of textile industry is clear for everybody and dyes are main

18

member in this industry so that determination of dyes has specific importance in this industry. Indigo blue dye is one of the most usages in textile industry. Simultaneous usage of indigo with other dyes cause of some problems to determine of indigo. The majorities of determination in textile industry have been done by electrochemical methods but because of interference with some colorant agents, have problems. Also spectroscopic methods like UV-Visible, IR and Raman use for determining indigo but these methods are not selective. Among spectroscopic methods, photoluminescence is a novel method has high sensitivity and selectivity for indigo determination. The proposed method are simple, fast, and neither sample preparation and any organic solvent. It is possible to obtain continuously the concentration of indigo in unknown sample in dye bath for quality control industry. In this research for the first time a photoluminescence technique for determining indigo dye in presence of yellow and black dyes and other additives dyeing process are reported. Because of solubility problem of indigo in water it must undergo a chemical change (reduction). Pure indigo excitation and emission wavelength of fluorescence are surveyed and confirm by excitation and emission landscape fluorescence. Emission fluorescence extremely depends on pH and temperature. By using experimental design pH and temperature were optimized. And then concentration of indigo was determined in presence of interfering colorant agents. Keywords: Indigo, Dyes, Photoluminescence, Dye Bath, Sulfur Dye O 22 Classification of Iranian rices base on extended

canonical variates analysis of FT-IR spectra

B. Hemmateenejad*, M. Akhound, N. Zandi-Atashbar

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. Iran

E-mail: hemmatb@sums.ac.ir Abstract

This paper reports on the application of middle infrared spectroscopy to discriminate between three ranges of amylose contents from Iranian rice: three rices with less than 20% of amylose, six rices with through 20-24% of amylose and two rices contain more than 24% of amylose. Discrimination of rices base on their spectral data was performed using of the principle component analysis (PCA) and extended canonical variates analysis (ECVA). The results explain that ECVA can discriminate rices completely. Keywords: Amylose, Extended canonical variates analysis, Principle component analysis

O 23

Removal of Neutral red from aqueous solution by treated sawdust

N. Pourreza*, T. Naghdi Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran. E-mail: npourreza@yahoo.com

Abstract

Textile dyes and other industrial dyestuffs constitute one of the largest groups of organic compounds that represent an increasing environmental danger. Neutral red dye in aqueous solution as a pollutant material in textile waste water can be removed by adsorption on sawdust. The sawdust was treated with hydrochloric acid and used for removal of Neutral red. Conditions of maximum adsorption of the dye on treated sawdust were optimized. The effects of the pH, salt concentration, particle size of the sawdust and amount of adsorbent on the different concentrations of dye have been studied and optimum conditions were obtained for the removal of Neutral red. The concentration of Neutral Red in the dilute phase was determined by measuring the absorbance at 526 nm. Maximum extraction efficiencies were obtained at pH 5.25 and using 0.3 g of adsorbent with mesh 60 micron. The adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir equation for the calculation of various adsorption parameters. The results showed that adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is 256 mg of Neutral red per gram of adsorbent under optimum conditions. The removal procedure was successfully applied to the removal of Neutral red spiked to tap and river waters. Keywords: Neutral red; sawdust; spectrophotometery, removal O 24

Automated dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of

chlorophenoxy acid herbicides Ali Esrafili , Yadollah Yamini*, Mahnaz

Ghambarian Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-175, Tehran, Iran *E-mail: yyamini@modares.ac.ir

Abstract

An automated dynamic two-phase hollow fiber microextraction system combined with high performance liquid chromatography was developed for extraction and determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides from environmental samples. The extraction device, called TT-extractor, consist of a polypropylene hollow fiber mounted inside a stainless steel tube by means of two tee-connectors in flow system. An organic solvent in the pores of the fiber forms a liquid membrane that separates the sample, which is pumped along the outside of the

19

fiber, from the acceptor phase, which is pumped inside. To test the applicability the designed instrument, chlorophenoxy acid herbicides was extracted from environmental aqueous samples. The limits of detection (LOD) as low as 0.5 µg L-1 and the precision of < 7 % were obtained. The developed method can provide enrichment factors up to 130. The same hollow fiber membrane was used at least 20 times with no loss of the efficiency and also carry-over of the analytes between runs. The system is cheap, convenient and requires minimal manual handling. Keywords: TT-extractor; Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction; High performance liquid chromatography; Chlorophenoxy acid herbicides. O 25 Mixed hemimicelles SPE based on CTAB-coated MNPs combined with high-performance liquid

chromatography for determination of some antidepressant drugs from urine samples

Ali Asghar Rajabi, Yadollah Yamini*, Mohammad Faraji, Mohammad Hosein Naeeni, Ali Esrafili,

Shahram Seydi Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares

University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Iran Abstract

The applicability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant was evaluated for the extraction and preconcentration of four antidepressant drugs (amitriptyline, nurtriptyline, imipramine and doxepin) prior to their determination by HPLC-UV. Mixed hemimicelles formed on the surface of MNPs by CTAB showed great adsorptive tendency towards the analytes. The main factors influencing the extraction efficiency including pH, amount of surfactant, ionic strength, shaking time and desorption ability of organic solvents were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, enrichment factors up to 200 were achieved and the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.%) of the method was in the range of 4–8%. The calibration curves were obtained in the range of 10–400 µg L−1 for amitriptyline, imipramine and doxepine and in the range of 20–400 µg L−1 for nurtriptyline with reasonable linearity (R2 > 0.99) and the limits of detection (LODs) ranged between 3-15 µg L−1 (based on S/N = 3). Finally, the applicability of the proposed method was evaluated by extraction and determination of the drugs in urine and tap water samples. The results indicated that CTAB-MNPs method has excellent clean-up and high-preconcentration factor and can be served as a simple and sensitive method for monitoring of antidepressant drugs in the urine samples. Keywords: MNPs; Mixed hemimicelles; Antidepressant drug

O 26

Hollow fiber-based liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction followed by flow injection

analysis with diode array detector (FIA-DAD) using non-column HPLC system for rapid

determination of phenazopyridine in biological samples

Bahman Farajmand, Ali Akbar Hajialiakbari Bidgoli, Mohammad Saraji*,

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

Email : saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir Abstract

Hollow fiber-based liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (HF-LLLME) combined with FIA-DAD was applied as a rapid and sensitive quantitative method for the determination of phenazopyridine in urine and plasma samples. A conventional HPLC system with a diode array detector was used with no chromatographic column connected. Using diphenyl ether as a solvent to fill the pores of the hollow fiber wall and 0.1 M H2SO4 solution in the lumen of hollow fiber as acceptor phase, the preconcentration of phenazopyridine was carried out. The factors affecting on the HF-LLLME and FIA including type of organic solvent, pH of donor phase, extraction time, stirring rate and pH of mobile phase were investigated and the optimal extraction conditions were established. With the consumption of 5 mL of sample solution, the enrichment factor was about 108. The limit of detection was 3 ngmL−1 with precision (RSD (%)) 6.4. Excellent linearity was found to be between 0.01 and 5 µgmL−1. Keywords: Hollow fiber-based liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction, flow injection analysis, phenazopyridine O 27

Nanomolar detection of acetaminophen at a carbon-ceramic electrode modified by CNTs

B. Habibi*, M. Jahanbakhshi and M. H. Pournaghiazar

Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, Tabriz, Iran, E-mail: B.Habibi@azaruniv.edu

Abstract

A simple procedure was developed to prepare a carbon-ceramic electrode (CCE) modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The electrochemical behavior of acetaminophen (ACOP) was investigated on the obtained electrodes. During the oxidation of ACOP on the CNTs modified CCE; one reversible redox peak is observed. It was found that a maximum current response can be obtained at pH 7.0 in phosphate buffer solution. This passer-by, a sensitive differential pulse voltammetric procedure was developed for the analysis of ACOP. The

20

oxidation peak current was found to be linearly related to ACOP concentration in the range of 40 nM- 85 µM with a detection limit of 25 nM on single wall carbon nanotube modified carbon-ceramic electrode (SWCNT/CCE). Determination of ACOP in some commercial paracetamol pharmaceutical samples was also conducted. Keywords: Acetaminophen, Electrocatalysis, Nanomolar detection, Carbon nanotubes, Carbon-ceramic electrode O 28 Electrochemical studies of (bmim)4W10O32 and

investigation of its catalytic effect on the reduction of iodate

Mehdi Mokhtari, Esmaeil Shams* , V. Mirkhani and A. R. Khosropour

Chemistry Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran

E-mail: e_shams@chem.ui.ac.ir Abstract

The solid salt of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, abbreviated [bmim] + of the polyanion [W10O32 ]

4- were prepared. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) of [bmim]4[W10O32] was performed in acetonitrile containing either tetra-n-butylammonium Tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4), or [bmim]BF4 ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. The results are compared with the corresponding data obtained in the neat [bmim]BF4 ILs without addition of other electrolytes. Then the solid salt of polyanion was used as bulk modifier to fabricate a renewable three-dimensional chemically modified electrode. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The bulk-modified carbon paste electrode maintains the electrochemical activity of [W10O32 ]4-. The modified electrode offers an excellent and stable electrocatalytic response for the reduction of IO3

-. Keywords: Ionic liquid, Polyanion, Cyclic voltammetry, Carbon paste electrode. O 29

Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode as High Sensitive Hydrogen

Peroxide Sensor in Alkali Media H. Razmi*, H. Nasiri

Department of chemistry, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, Tabriz, I. IR. Iran

E-mail: ho_nasiri@yahoo.com Abstract

A novel electrochemical sensor was developed for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) based on copper oxide (CuO) modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE). The electrode was prepared by deposition of copper on the CCE and changed to copper oxide electrochemical procedure. The morphology and composition of the CuO/CCE

was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. This modified electrode could catalyzed the electro-oxidation of hydrogen peroxide and The response to the H2O2 was linear in the range 0.78 – 492.2 µM with a detection limit of 72 nM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) and the sensitivity of 0.64 A M-1 cm-2. The proposed electrode was used as an amperometric sensor for analyzing H2O2 content in hair coloring creams. Keywords: Hydrogen Peroxide, copper oxide, Modified Electrode, Electrocatalysis O 30

The electrochemical behavior of hemoglobin on pencil graphite electrode

Mir Reza Majidi*, Esmaeel Alipour, Afsaneh Saadatirad

Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz,

Tabriz, I.R. Iran E-mail: sr.majidi@gmail.com

Abstract

Electrochemical behavior of hemoglobin (Hb) immobilized on pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was investigated for the first time. In phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.0 Hb shows a pair of well-defined and nearly reversible redox wave with formal potential about 0.2V (versus SCE). At optimum conditions the effect of scan rate on peak currents was investigated. At the other part of this work, we studied the ability of electrode to determine Hb concentration. The results M.�showed linear dynamic range from 100 to 500 In comparison with other electrodes, the electrode used in this study of Hb, is easy to be fabricated and rather inexpensive. Consequently, the Hb/PGE provides a convenient approach to perform electrochemical research on this kind of proteins. Keywords: hemoglobin, pencil graphite electrode, cyclic voltammetry O 31

Interfacial electrochemistry and direct bioelectrocatalysis of Agaricus bisporus laccase

enzyme immobilized on the gold electrode studied by CV, DPV, and EIS towards quantitative

detection of dopamine

Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Akbar Amini Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan 81746-73441, I.R. IRAN Abstract

Quantitative characterization of a new laccase enzyme from Agaricus bisporus (LacAB) immobilized on gold-mercaptopropionic acid self-assembled monolayer (Au-MPA-LacAB SAM) is described by using electrochemical methods as cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse

21

voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The Au-MPA-LacAB SAM electrode demonstrated a redox adsorption behavior with a formal potential of +0.095 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the absence any external redox probe. Direct electron transfer of Au-MPA-LacAB SAM electrode in the presence of some redox probes was also studied. O 32

Novel N,N'-[1,1'-Dithiobis(phenyl)] bis(salicylaldimine) self assembly gold electrode for determination of dopamine in the presence of

high concentration of ascorbic acid Mohsen Behpour*, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi,

Ebrahim Honarmand Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran. E-mail: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of a novel sensor for determination of dopamine (DA) is described. The sensor is based on a gold N,N'-[1,1'-Dithiobis(phenyl)] bis(salicylaldimine) (DTPS) self assembled monolayer. The characterization of Au N,N'-[1,1'-Dithiobis(phenyl)] bis(salicylaldimine) self assembled monolayer modified electrode (Au DTPS SAM-ME) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and ac impedance using the [Fe(CN)6]

3-/4- redox couple. Selective detection was realized in completely eliminating ascorbic acid, different from the methods on the potential separation. A calibration curve was obtained for DA in a linear range of 8.0 × 10-7 to 1.3 × 10-4 mol L-1 in the presence of high concentration of ascorbic acid. The detection limit for DA was found to be 3.0 × 10-8 mol L-1. The modified electrode showed good selectivity, stability and anti-fouling properties. The results indicated that the Au DTPS SAM-ME could be employed for the determination of dopamine in pharmaceutical formulations and plasma samples. Keywords: Dopamine, Ascorbic acid, Self-assembled monolayer, Gold electrode O 33

A target-based QSAR study on 4-[(diethylamino)methyl]-phenol derivatives as

cholinesterase inhibitors using docking, molecular dynamic simulation and least squares-

support vector machine Sajjad Gharaghani, Taghi Khayamian*

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

E-mail : taghi@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract In this work, a series of 4-

[(diethylamino)methyl]-phenol derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors, were used in quantitative

structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to find out the detailed interactions of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme with the inhibitors and also to realized the most potent inhibitors. The crystal structure of AChE was taken from protein data bank (PDB) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques were performed on AChE for constructing a 3D structure of the AChE in cellular environment. After the MD simulation in water sphere, the inhibitors were docked into the AChE and the best configuration of the inhibitors was used for descriptor calculation. A stepwise-MLR method was performed on the calculated descriptors and the most feasible descriptors were selected for constructing the model. Least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) and MLR were utilized to construct the nonlinear and linear QSAR models. The obtained statistical parameters were: Rtest= 0.989, RMSEtest= 1.004 for MLR model and RMSECV= 1.823, RMSEtest= 0.423, Rtest= 0.992 for LS-SVM model. The results demonstrated that the LS-SVM model was superior than MLR model. O 34 Synthesis and characterization of copper(II) ion-

imprinted polymeric nanoparticles for preconcentration of copper ions in aqueous

solutions Abbas Besharati-Seidani a, Mojtaba Shamsipur b,*

a Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

b Department of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

E-mail: mshamsipur@yahoo.com Abstract

This work reports the preparation of new Cu2+

ion-imprinted polymeric (IIP) nanoparticles, using 1-hydroxy-4-(prop-2′-enyloxy)-9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) as a vinylated chelating agent. The Cu2+ ion found to form a stable 1:1 complex with AQ in methanol solution. The resulting Cu2+-AQ complex was copolymerized with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, as a cross-linking monomer, via precipitation polymerization method. The SEM micrographs showed colloidal nanoparticles of 60-100 nm in diameter and slightly irregular in shape. Optimum pH for maximum sorption was 7.0. Sorption and desorption of Cu2+ ion on the IIP nanoparticles were quite fast and achieved completely over entire investigated time periods of 2-30 min. Maximum sorbent capacity and enrichment factor for Cu2+ were 73.8 µmol g-1 and 56.5, respectively. The relative standard deviation and detection limit (3σ) of the method were evaluated as 2.6% and 0.1 ng mL-1, respectively. It was found that the imprinting results in increased affinity of the material toward Cu2+ ion over other competitor metal ions with the same charge and close ionic radius. Keywords: Cu2+, AQ, Ion-imprinted polymeric nanoparticles, Precipitation polymerization

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O 35

Fabrication and utilization of a three-layer polymeric microfluidic chip by solvent bonding

technique for determination of Ranitidine hydrochloride

M. H. Sorouraddin 1, A. Rostami 2, M. Amjadi 1, M. Dustali 2, M. Karimi-Kargar

1* 1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I. R.

Iran 2. School of Engineering Emerging Technologies,

University of Tabriz, I. R. Iran E-mail: m.karimi.kargar86@ms.tabrizu.ac.ir

Abstract

A simple method for fabricating microfluidic devices without utilization of sacrificial layer is introduced which is confirmed as a useful technique for making both simple and complex pattern Lab-on-a-chip devices. Three Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets were cut in the favorite patterns by commercial CO2 laser. Two layers of PMMA were placed up and down sides of the main polymeric layer which contains a series of micro scale channels for sealing the prime and supporting grooves. Chloroform as the bonding solvent was used for fixing layers to each other. Determination of Ranitidine (RANT) hydrochloride in alkaline solution was used for testing the utilization of introduced method for making analytical and biological chips. An optical microscope was used for measuring the chemiluminescence light. Keywords: Microfluidic, Solvent bonding, Chemiluminescence, Polymethylmethacrylate, Ranitidine hydrochloride O 36

19F NMR technique and salt assisted solvent extraction for quantitative determination of

efavirenz in human serum and pharmaceutical formulations: comparison study

Mojtaba Shamsipura, Masoumeh Sarkouhib, Jalal hassanc, Soheila Haghgood

aDepartment of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

b Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

cDepartment of Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran d Food and Drug Quality Control Laboratory,

Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Corresponding author. Tel.: +98 831 4223307; fax:

+98 831 4228439 E-mail address: mshamsipur@razi.ac.ir or

mshamsipur@yahoo.com

Abstract 19F NMR provides a highly specific tool for

identification of efavirenz in human serum and

pharmaceutical preparations as well as a suitable analytical technique for their absolute quantification. The method is based on the integration of appropriate signals of efavirenz and potassium fluoride as an internal standard. A simple and reliable method has been developed, while without any sample pretreatment, manipulation of large samples and lengthy instrument time. The calibration curve was linear for efavirenz in human serum over the range of 25–500 µg L−1, with detection limit of 0.8 µg L−1. The mean error results on human serum samples ranged from about -4 t0 -7, with relative standard deviations <8%. The method was also applied successfully to the determination of efavirenz in real pharmaceutical samples, and compared with the results obtained by a reference method. Keywords: Efavirenz; 19F NMR analyses; HIV,

Serum; Pharmaceuticals O 37 Environmental Monitoring of Formaldehyde in Biologics Production Areas Using Solid-Phase

Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Misagh Allahdadlalounia, Ali Es-haghib*, Habib Bagheria*

a. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P. O. Box

11365-9516, Tehran, Iran b. Department of Physico Chemistry, Razi

Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, P.O. Box 31975/148, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

During the recent years, manufactures and industries have paid attention to occupational health and safety of their employees. Formaldehyde is known as a probable carcinogenic agent and its large consumption made industries to consider it as a risk factor for occupational health. At vaccine production industries, Formaldehyde is used as disinfectant and stabilizer. In this study, a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method based on kinetic and equilibrium calibration strategies was developed for monitoring of formaldehyde in the biologics production areas. The application and feasibility of three different sol-gel based SPME fibers with different polarities have been investigated. Two derivatizing agents, 2-benzylamino ethanol and o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentaflourobenzyl) hydroxylamine, were studied for in-situ derivization of formaldehyde. A detection limit of 46 ppbv and RSD of 5.7% at 670 ppbv were obtained for kinetic calibration. For equilibrium calibration these parameters were 23 ppbv and 5.4%, respectively. Keywords: Formaldehyde, Air Monitoring, Sol-Gel, SPME

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O 38

Application of sol-gel based poly (ethylene glycol)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated

fiber for solid-phase microextraction of methyl tert-butyl ether in environmental water samples.

Ali Sarafraz-Yazdi 1, Soroosh Sepehr 1, Zarrin Es’haghi 2, Hamed Piri Moghadam 1

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

E-mail: asyazdi@um.ac.ir 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Payame Noor University ,Mashhad, Iran Abstract

In this research, the sol–gel technology was applied for the preparation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers for extracting of Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from environmental water samples. For this purpose, two different polymers such as poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and combination of PEG and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared using sol–gel technology as coating procedure for the fibers. The pre-concentration process followed by GC-FID determination was used and the results evidenced that pre-concentration factor for PEG/CNTs fiber was approximately 5 times more than PEG. Parameters that affect the extraction efficiency such as temperature, time of extraction, stirring speed and salt effect for each fiber were investigated and optimized. On the optimal conditions, the linear range for MTBE with PEG and PEG/CNT fibers were 10-3000 and 1-1000 ng mL-1 and the detection limits (S/N = 3) were 1.0 and 0.3 ng mL-1

respectively. The sol-gel PEG/CNTs fiber has good performance and therefore relatively better figures of merits and experimental results such as thermal stability (up to 320°C), average of life time (over 150 times) and repeatability (RSD < 4) in comparison to conventional PDMS/Carboxen fiber, which was already reported for determination of MTBE. Keywords: Solid phase microextraction; Methyl tert-butyl ether; sol-gel; poly(ethylene glycol); Multiwall-Carbon Nanotubes; Gas Chromatography O 39

Combination of extraction by silylated vessel-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction as a high

enrichment factor technique: Application in preconcentration of some triazole pesticides in

aqueous samples followed by GC-FID determination

M. A. Farajzadeh1,*, M. Bahram2, F. Jafary1, M. Bamorrowat3

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science. Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3GYAH Corporation, Garmdarreh, Karadj Road, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: mafarajzadeh@yahoo.com Abstract

This study describes an extraction method based on silylated extraction vessel- dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (SEV-DLLME) for preconcentration of some triazole pesticides (Penconazole, Hexaconazole, Tebuconazole, Diniconazole, Triticonazole and Difenconazole) from aqueous samples. For this purpose the interior surface of funnel-shaped extraction vessel is activated by using concentrated NaOH and HCl solutions, silylated by trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and used in extraction of the analytes from a relatively high volume of aqueous sample. The adsorbed analytes are desorbed by methanol which it acts as a dispersive solvent in the following DLLME method. The proposed method enables to reach high enrichment factors (EFs) (more than 1000 in most cases) and therefore low detection limits (at sub µg L-1 level) are attainable. Keywords: Silylated extraction vessel, Triazole pesticides, Gas chromatography O 40

Synthesis and characterization of nano-pore Thallium (III) ion-imprinted polymer as a new sorbent for separation and preconcentration of

thallium Mohammad Hossien Arbab-Zavar *, Mahmoud

Chamsaz, Golamhossien Zohuri, Abolfazl Darroudi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran E-mail: abf_mashhad@yahoo.com

Abstract

Thallium (III) ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) particles were synthesized by preparing the ternary complex of thallium (III) ions with 5, 7-dichloroquinoline-8-ol (DCQ) and 4-vinylpyridine (VP). Thermal copolymerization with methyl methacrylate (functional monomer, MMA) and ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (cross-linking monomer, EGDMA) was then performed in the presence of acetonitrile (porogen) and 2, 2 ◌-azobisisobutyronitrile (initiator, AIBN). The imprinted ion was removed from polymer by stirring of the above particles with 5M HNO3 to obtain the leached IIP particles. Moreover, control polymer (CP) particles were similarly prepared without the thallium (III) ions. The unleached and leached IIP particles were characterized by surface area analysis (BET ), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The preconcentration of the thallium (III) from aqueous solution was studied during rebinding with the leached IIP particles as a function of pH, the weight of the polymer material, the uptake and desorption times, the aqueous phase

24

and the desorption volumes. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was employed for determination of thallium in aqueous solution. The limit of detection for the method was 0.02ngmL−1, while the relative standard deviation for five replicates was 2.6%. Keywords: ion- imprinted polymer, Thallium (III), solid phase extraction O 41

Sequential Determination of Benserazide and Levodopa by Voltammetric Method Using

Chloranil as a Mediator A. Arabzadeh*, Ali A. Ensafi and H. Karimi-Maleh

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

Abstract

An electrochemical method is described for the sequential voltammetric determination of benserazide and levodopa using chloranil (CA) as a mediator. Cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the suitability of CA as a mediator for the electrocatalytic oxidation of benserazide and levodopa in an aqueous solution. The oxidation peak potential of levodopa and benserazide shifted at about 230 and 480 mV to less positive potentials, respectively, than with the unmodified carbon paste electrode. Under optimum conditions, the electrocatalytic oxidation peak current of levodopa and benserazide shown two linear dynamic ranges with limit of detection of 0.65 µmol L–1 and 0.95 µmol L–1, respectively. The relative standard deviations for the determination of 5.0 × 10–5 mol L–1 benserazide and 5.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 levodopa were 2.0 and 2.0% (n = 5), respectively. The linear calibration ranges were 1.0-500 µmol L–1 for benserazide and 3-500 µmol L–

1 for levodopa using differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of levodopa and benserazide in urine samples, demonstrating the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method. O 42 RuxSey as a methanol tolerant oxygen reduction

catalyst Parisa Nekooi*, M. K. Amini

Chemistry Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81744-73441, Iran

E-mail:*nekooei2003@yahoo.com Abstract

The electrocatalytic behavior of the RuxSey/C for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and its tolerance to methanol were investigated by rotating disk electrode (RDE) voltammetry and the results were compared with those of Pt/C. The results indicate that RuxSey/C is a highly selective

electrocatalyst towards ORR and shows a very high degree of tolerance to the presence of methanol in acid medium. In contrast, the Pt/C catalyst exhibited a mixed potential due to the simultaneous oxidation of methanol and reduction of oxygen. It is expected that RuxSey electrocatalyst with its almost full tolerance can find application in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Keywords: Fuel cell, ORR, RuxSey, Methanol tolerant O 43

Platinum nanoparticles decorated on carbon-ceramic substrate: Application in electrocatalysis

Biuck Habibi*, Nasrin Delnavaz Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of

Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: B.Habibi@azaruniv.edu

Abstract Carbon-ceramic substrate (CCS) with high

specific surface area has been used as support in the preparation of platinum nanoparticles electrocatalyst (CCS/Pt) for direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFC). It is found that the Pt nanoparticles on CCS are highly and homogeneously dispersed with a narrow size distribution with an average size of 18 nm. Electrochemical characteristics of FA oxidation on the CCS/Pt, as a potent catalyst, are investigated via cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric analysis in mixed FA and 0.1M H2SO4 solutions. The results are compared to those at a polycrystalline Pt and Pt particles deposited of platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. It was found that CCS/Pt was catalytically more active than smooth Pt and Pt particles supported on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. On the other hand, such nanoparticles on CCS exhibit better catalytic behavior towards FA than the corresponding glassy carbon and platinum electrodes, which is raised form high porosity of CCS for better distribution of Pt particles and producing of Pt particles in nano size. The effect of some experimental factors and long-term stability of the modified electrode has been investigated. The obtained results indicate that the system studied is the more promising system for use in DFAFC. Keywords: Platinum nanoparticles; Electrocatalyst; Electrooxidation; Formic acid; Carbon-ceramic O 44 Electrophoretically deposited carbon nanotube

modified by dodecylsulfate ion on a stainless steel wire for the headspace solid-phase

microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous media

Shahab Maghsoudi, Hamideh Asadollahzadeh, Ebrahim Noroozian*

25

Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran E-mail:e_noroozian@mail.uk.ac.ir

Abstract

A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method using a stainless steel wire electrophoretically coated with modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was used for the gas chromatographic (GC) determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous samples. The effects of various parameters on the efficiency of SPME process such as extraction time, extraction temperature, ionic strength, desorption time, and desorption temperature were studied. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits for the various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons studied varied between 0.16 and 0.47 ng mL-1, the inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations at 10 ng mL-1 concentration level (N=7) using a single-fiber were between 5.5 and 9.7 %, and 4.1 % and 8.5 %, respectively. The fiber-to fiber RSD% (N=3) were between 7.3 % and 11.1 %. The linear ranges, in most cases, were between 1 and 100 ng mL-1. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of a real sample with the recoveries from 88 to 105 %. Keywords: HS-SPME, MWCNTs, PAHs, Electrophoretic deposition. O 45

Application of counter propagation artificial neural networks and decision trees for

classification of metabotropic glutamate inhibitors

M. Jalali-Heravi*, A. Mani-Varnosfaderani, M. M. Mahmoodi, D. Taherinia, P. Eftekhar Jahromi

Abstract

The metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, which have been divided into three groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties [1-2]. The main goal of the present study was developing a mathematical model for classification of mGlu2 and mGlu5 inhibitors according to their chemical structures. A total of 698 compounds as modulators of mGlu2 and mGlu5 receptors, was gathered from literature. The Dragon software was used for calculation of 419 molecular descriptors. The technique of regression tree was used for the selection of the most relevant variables. The counter propagation artificial neural network (CPANN) [3] was used for mapping of compounds into two classes of mGlu2 and mGlu5 inhibitors. It is shown that CART [4] as feature selection method combined with CPANN as mapping tool can successfully solve the classification problems. The selected descriptors for classification of compounds were R autocorrelation of lag 4 weighted by atomic electronegativities (R4e), mean atimic sanderon

electronegativities (Me), number of halogen atoms (nX) and R autocorrelation of lag 7 unweighted (R7u). The high values of correct percent of classification (94.61%), sensitivity (95.73%), precision (98.82%) and specifity (96.78%) for the prediction set reveals that the obtained model can correctly classify the compounds into their corresponding classes. Keywords: Glutamate inhibitors, Regression trees, Counter propagation artificial neural network, classification References: [1] I. Collado, C. Pedregal, A. B. Bueno, A. Marcos, A. Gonza lez, J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 456-466. [2]A. B. Pinkerton, R. V. Cube, J. H. Hutchinson, J. K. James, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2005, 15, 1565-1571. [3] W. Melssen, R. Wehrens, L. Buydens, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst. 2006, 83, 99-113. [4]A. J. Myles, R. N. Feudale, Y. Liu, N. A. Woody, S. D. Brown, J. Chemometr. 2004, 18, 275-285. O 46

Evaluation of pH-spectral variation matrix arrays by bilinear least squares and residual

bilinearization methods S.M. Sajjadia*,M. Rafieeb, N Bagheri b

aDepartment of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd Branch, Lamerd, Iran

bDepartment of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Branch, Firoozabad, Iran

E-mail: smsajjadi@iaulamerd.ac.ir Abstract

Bilinear least squares method (BLLS) is one of the suitable algorithms for second-order calibration. It is coupled with residual biliniearization (RBL) to achieve the second order advantage for analysis of complex mixtures. Original BLLS-RBL was developed for calibration of analytes that each analyte has only one form throughout an experiment. This method can be able to recover the pure profiles of analytes by applying the singular value decomposition (SVD) on the pure analyte matrix at unit concentration. So, the second order advantage together with the guarantee of the uniqueness of the decomposition, what means to extract the pure profiles of the analyte of the interest, make this calibration technique especially useful for the quantification and identification of the analytes in complex samples. But, original BLLS models is not applicable to the second order data which one of the dimension is pH, i.e, each analyte have more than one forms and a modified BLLS can be used in this regards. Although modified one is useful to quantifying analytes, the pure profiles of analyte species can not be obtained due to intrinsic property of SVD. The simplest way to implement RBL is iterative RBL (IRBL).But when this algorithm is applied on pH-spectral data it may be diverged instead of

26

converging to the desired analyte concentrations due to linear dependencies in this type of data. However, in the analysis of pH-spectral data, Gauss Newton-RLB (NG-RBL) algorithm can be coupled with modified BLLS which is not as simple as IRBL. The goal of the present work is to overcome the non-uniqueness problem in the second order calibration of monoprotic acid mixtures and divergence of IRBL. First, each pH-absorbance matrix is pretreated by subtraction of the first spectrum from each spectrum in the data matrix to produce full rank matrix that is called variation matrix. Then variation matrices analyzed uniquely by original BLLS-RBL. It will be shown how simple pretreatment of data can improve the prediction ability of RBL. Keywords: Second order calibration, BLLS, IRBL,NGRBL O 47 Evaluation of UV-VIS and ESI-IMS as detectors

in analysis of a variety of pesticides A. Moradmand, J. Razavizadeh, B. Hemmateenejad,

H.S. Ghaziasgar, T. Khayamian* Department of chemistry, Isfahan University of

technology, Isfahan, 84156-8311, Iran E-mail address: taghi@cc.iut.ac.ir (T. Khayamian)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate UV-VIS and ESI-IMS as detectors in analysis of 12 pesticides including Organophosphate, Organochlorine, and Carbamate compounds. At first, UV-VIS and ion mobility spectra of these compounds were obtained. The results show that analysis of mixture of these compounds is not possible by UV-VIS without using a separative technique. However, ES-IMS is able to analyze mixture of some these compounds without using any reparative method. For example, Amitraz and Carbaryl showed two separate peaks in ES-IMS. In other words, ESI-IMS is not only a detector, but also is a separation technique .When HPLC coupled to ESI-IMS, the compounds separate in two dimensions where in HPLC-UV-VIS the compounds separate in one dimension. The work for determination of the figures of merit for these compounds using HPLC-ES-IMS and HPLC-UV-VIS is continued. Keywords: Electrospray ion mobility spectrometry, Amitraz, Carbaryl. O 48 A Novel Photometric Glucose Biosensor based on chromophore (silver nanoparticles) decolorizing J. Tashkhourian a,*, M. R. Hormozi Nezhad b,c,*, J.

Khodaveisi a, R. Dashti a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran

cInstitute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: J.Tashkhourian@pgu.ac.ir

Abstract In this paper described a novel biosensor based

on chromophore (silver nanoparticles) decolorizing with free radical and application to photometric determination of glucose. Basically, the enzyme – substrate reaction between glucose and glucose oxidize (GOx) produced H2O2 as a product. The silver nanoparticles have the catalytic ability for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; then the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide induces the degradation of silver nanoparticles. Hence, a remarkable change in the localized surface plasmon resonance absorbance strength could be observed. The silver nanoparticles are directly synthesized in the sol-gel matrix by a one-step method based on the reduction of the inorganic precursor AgNO3 through thermal treatment. Then these nanoparticles used for the preparation, characterization and calibration of a highly sensitive and cost-effective localized surface plasmon resonance-based glucose sensor. Beer’s law is obeyed in the range from 50 to 1000 mg/lit glucose and the limit of detection is only 23 mg/lit. Keywords: Biosensor, Glucose, Silver nanoparticles, Sol-gel matrix, Localized surface plasmon resonance absorbance O 49

Three-phase hollow fiber microextraction technique combined with electrospray ionization-

ion mobility spectrometry (HF-LLLME-ESI-IMS) was applied for the extraction and

simultaneous determination of trimipramine and desipramine in urine and plasma samples M. T. Jafari, M. Saraji and H. Sherafatmand

E-mail: jafari@cc.iut.ac.ir Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

Abstract A novel method based on Three-phase hollow

fiber microextraction technique (HF-LLLME) combined with electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) detection was developed for simultaneous determination of two antidepressants (trimipramine and desipramine ) in urine and plasma samples. Various parameters including: type of organic solvent, composition of donor and acceptor phase, stirring rate, salt additives, extraction temperature, and extraction time were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the relative standard deviation was in the range of 5-6 and detection limit of utilizing LLLME/ESI-IMS was 1 ng/mL in both human urine and plasma samples. Relative recoveries obtained by the proposed method from urine and plasma

27

samples ranged from 94 to 97% for trimipramine and from 92 to 96% for desipramine. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method was successfully confirmed by extraction and determination of trace amounts of trimipramine and desipramine in biological samples without any significant matrix effect. O 50

Separation and Preconcentration of Gold in Water Samples and Alloys with Ion-exchange Polyethylenimine Coated on Al2O3 as a New

Sorbent and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Zahra Daliri* , Mohammad Ali Taher Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

E-mail: zahra_daliri80@yahoo.com

Abstract The object of this work is to develop a simple

and selective method for efficient extraction of Au(ΙΙΙ) ions in aqueous solution using a new solid-phase extraction sorbent. Polyethylenimine (PEI) ion-exchange polymer was coated on alumina in present of NaNO3. The method is based on sorption of analytes (Au3+) on 50 mg PEI/Al2O3. A solution of 0.5 M thiourea, then 1.0 M HCl effectively eluted the extracted metal and then aspirated into a flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The influence of flow rates of sample solution and eluent, the pH effect, various kinds of solution for elution of gold and sorption capacity were proposed. The effects of various diverse ions (salts and metal ions) for preconcentration and separation of Au were investigated. The method has been applied successfully for determinations of gold and recovery of trace amount of Au(ΙΙΙ) ions from water samples, standard alloys. Relative standard deviation for ten measurments of 20.0 µg of gold and the detection limit in this method have been found to be 1.46% and 26.2 ng L-1, respectively. Reaction mechanism involving the ion-pair has been explained, and Au(ΙΙΙ) is mainly combined with nitrogen of the groups in PEI and eluent solution (also sulfur) to form chelate complexes. Keywords: Gold (ΙΙΙ); Polyethylenimine/Al2O3

sorbent; Solid-phase extraction; Separation and preconcentration; Water Samples and Alloys; Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. O 51 Electrochemical Detection of Different Types of Single Mismatches using Nanoparticle-Modified

DNA Hybridization Biosensor Laleh Enayati Ahangar, Masoud A. Mehrgardi*

Department of chemistry, University of Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran

E-mail: m.mehrgardi@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

Electrochemical DNA biosensors based on nucleic acid hybridization have been rapidly developed in recent years. The most widely used strategy in electrochemical DNA biosensors is the application of redox labels. In the present study, a DNA hybridization biosensor for the determination of different types of single base mismatches (SBM) is described. The sensitivity of the biosensor is improved by application of using nanoparticles functionalized nucleic acids. By improving the sensitivity, the biosensor is capable to discriminate between matched and mismatched targets even thermodynamically stable ones, such as GA and GT mismatches. Keywords: Single base mismatches; DNA hybridization biosensor; Platinum nanoparticles. O 52 Ion transfer study at water / ionic liquid interface

R. Mirshafian*, P. Norouzi, M. R. Ganjali Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry,

Department of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Email: norouzi@ khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract Electron transfer and ion transfer across 1-octyl-

3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([OMIM] BF4)/aqueous solution interface present at CPE (carbon paste electrode) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and fast Fourier transform square wave voltammetry (FFT-SWV). Using [OMIM] BF4 causes Fc be a better redox probe for investigations occur at interface between two immiscible liquid. Keywords: Ion transfer; Liquid|liquid interface; Ionic liquid; Carbon paste electrode; Multiwalled carbon nanotube

28

29

Posters

30

P 001

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes as a sensor and vinylferrocene as a mediator for voltammetric

determination of Cysteamine Mohsen Keyvanfard*, Ali A. Ensafi, Khadije

Alizad, Hassan Karimi-Maleh Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Majlesi

Branch, Isfahan, 86315-111, Iran Email:keyvan45638@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this work, we describe application of vinylferrocene modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes paste electrode (VFMMWCNPE) for voltammetric determination of cysteamine (CA) in aqueous buffer solution. The diffusion coefficient (D), and the kinetic parameters such as electron transfer coefficient, (α) and heterogeneous rate constant, (kh) for CA were also determined using electrochemical. The RSD% for 5.0 and 10 µmol L-1 CA were 2.2 and 1.9%, respectively. It was successfully applied for the determination of CA in human patient urine and drug samples.

P 002

Fabrication of pencil-lead electrode modified with

bismuth thin film using response surface methodology and its application in the

electrocatalytic determination of metronidazole Karim Asadpour-Zeynali*, Mir Reza Majidi,

Parvaneh Najafi-Marandi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran,

Email:k.zeynali@gmail.com Abstract

This paper demonstrates a new and simple approach based on an experimental design method for the preparation of pencil-lead electrode modified with thin film of bismuth. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were developed as experimental strategies for modeling and optimization of the influence of some variables on the performance of modified electrode. Effect of various parameters including pH, deposition time, deposition potential, bismuth concentration, scan rate and number of cycles on the electrode fabrication in the different deposition methods, were investigated as variables to build a model to achieve the best electrocatalytic behavior. In addition, the electrocatalytic behavior of this modified electrode was exploited as a sensitive detection system for the determination of metronidazole in pharmaceutical and biological samples, by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry methods. Under optimized conditions, cyclic voltammetry method shows linear dynamic ranges of 0.3-1.0µM and 1.0-80.0 µM with the calculated detection limit (S/N=3) of 2.14µM and a precision of <1%.

Keywords: Modified pencil-lead electrode, Bismuth, Central Composite Design, Metronidazole.

P 003 The Ring Substituent Effects of Cobalt Salophen

for Distinguishing Epinephrine and Ascorbic acid Voltammetric Peaks

Mandana Amiri a,*, Mohamad Nouri-Karkaragh a, Abolfazl Bezaatpour b

a,* Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Ardabil, Iran

mandanaamiri@yahoo.com bDepartment of Chemistry, University of

Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Abstract

The modification of an electrode surface with metal-complexes can catalyze an electrochemical reaction, resulting in either a decrease in over-potentials, or an increase in peak currents, or both. Ascorbic acid (AA) and epinephrine (EN) are biochemical compounds which play important roles in various biological processes. They usually coexist in the extra cellular fluid of the central nervous system and serum. Thus, the determination of epinephrine in the presence of ascorbic acid is a challenging problem for in vivo nerve cell investigations and it has led to new types of modified electrodes and new instrumental methods to be developed. We have reported the electronic effect of substituent groups, include H, NO2, Cl and Br on the electrochemical behavior of the methyl Co (5-X-salophen) complexes, where X is the substituent group, in carbon paste electrode for resolving EN and AA voltammetric peaks to determination of EN in presence of AA. It confirms the substituent group (electron-withdrawing and/or electron-donating) on the aromatic molecule that greatly influences the electrochemical behavior of the metal-salen complex. The effects of pH and scan rate of various substituent groups of complexes were investigated. The best ∆Ep was obtained approximately in 316 mV in pH 3 for X=H. The oxidation potential peaks shift to more negative potential for AA and EN. Cyclic voltammeric studies indicate a diffusion-controlled mechanism for both compounds. It is reported in pervious works that Co is capable to catalyze oxidation process in both +2 and +3 oxidation states. These results are shown that in more acidic conditions, the most probable oxidation process that occurred, is referred to catalytic effect of Co(III)/Co(II) system. It exhibits the presence of drawing group, results in instability of cobalt(III) oxidation state and positive shift in the oxidation potential of cobalt(II). Therefore, it can be predicted that substituents with electron donating properties lead to lowering the oxidation potential of the cobalt(II) complex. This method can prepare a rapid and sensitive way for the detection of submicromolar concentrations of epinephrine in the presence of millimolar ascorbic acid.

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P 004

In situ electrochemical determination of promethazine on carbon paste electrode modified with nano-sized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer

(MIP) using Square-Wave Voltammetry Taher Alizadeh, Maedeh Akhoundian

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of science, University of Mohaghegh

Ardabili,Ardabil.Iran Abstract

In this work a precise, rapid, simple and low-cost method for promethazine (PMZ) determination in plasma samples is introduced. For this aim, carbon paste electrode modified with nano-sized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) was applied as the working electrode using Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) technique. MIP nanoparticles, containing promethazine selective sites, were synthesized by the method of ultrasonic assisted suspension polymerization in silicon oil. In our last work [1] it was proved that the selective election of the PMZ in a separate extraction step and the washing of electrode before electrochemical determination enhanced the selectivity of the sensor because of removing weakly adsorbed compounds. But we prefered the benefit of in situ determination high speed, this time and the %RSD=1.2 that was found for 4 separate determinations by the proposed sensor, illustrated the excellent precise of this method which was so interesting. The effect of different factors on the sensor response was investigated and the proper conditions were selected. The optimized sensor exhibited a linear range of 3×10-9 - 1×10-6 M with slope of 0.0219 µA.nM-1. The detection limit was calculated equal to 1.9×10-9 M. This sensor was applied successfully for promethazine determination in serum samples without applying any sample pretreatment.

P 005

Electro-organic synthesis of pyrane derivatives

A. R. Fakhari*, F.Mohammadi, S.Makarem, A. A. Mohammadi*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P.O.

Email: a-zavareh@sbu.ac.ir

Abstract We have developed a convenient and efficient

method for the electro-synthesize of pyrane derivatives through the reaction of dehydroacetic acid (1) against cyanoacetic acid (2a-c) or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds (2d-f) inside an undivided cell where sodium bromide was present as electrolyte in propanol medium and resulting in efficient and selective formation of the products.

P 006

Complex formation between Cu(ІІ), Co(ІІ), Zn(ІІ) and Ni(ІІ) with two salhn compounds

as a new synthesis ligands A. Shokrollahi*, M. Ghaedi, M. Khajezade, M.

Montazerozohori Chemistry Department , University of Yasouj,

Yasouj 75918-79831, Iran E –mail:askokrollahi@mail.yu.ac.ir

Abstract

The protonation constants of two salhn as new synthesis ligands and stability constants of their complexes with Cu(ІІ), Co(ІІ), Zn(ІІ) and Ni(ІІ) metal ions are determined potentiometrically in dioxan-water solvent (1:1 V/V) at 25 ± 0.1°C and at 0.1 M NaClO4 ionic strength. The studing Salhn ligands in this work are bis (2-hydroxy benzyliden) 1,2 cyclohexane diamine (BHBCDA) and bis (2-hydroxyacetophenone) 1,2- cyclohexane diamine (BHACHDA). The BEST program[1] is used for the calculation of protonation constants and stability constants. The order of stability constants for metal ions is Cu(II)> Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Co(II). The structural effects on stability constants of complexes are investigated, it is observed for a metal ion, the stability constants for complexes with BHACHDA is higher than BHBCDA. P 007

Preparation of a new modified carbon paste electrode by incorporating guanidine groups in

the nanoporous silica framework for the determination of copper ions in waste water

samples Mehran Javanbakht,a Tayyebeh Esmaeli,b Abdol

Mohammad Attaran a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Email: mehranjavanbakht@gmail.com bDepartment of Chemistry, Payamenoor University,

Delijan, Iran Abstract

We report a functionalized nanoporous silica based carbon paste electrode for the determination of copper ions. In this study a novel modifier (NDPG) by covalently bonded 1, 3-dicyclohexyl-2-propylguanidine (DPG) groups in the nanoporous silica framework has been synthesized. Then, the potentiometric response of the Cu2+ ion was investigated at a carbon paste electrode chemically modified with this newly designed functionalized nanoporous silica gel. The electrodes with NDPG proportions of 10% (w/w) demonstrated very stable potentials. Calibration plots with Nernstian slopes for Cu2+ were observed, 30.2 (±1.0) mV decade-1, over a wide linear concentration range (1.0 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-2 M). The electrode exhibited a detection limit of 7.0 × 10-8 M. Moreover, the selectivity coefficients measured by the match potential method in buffer, pH 5.5, were investigated. The electrode presented a response time of ca. 35 s, high performance, and high sensitivity in a wide range of cation activities and good long term stability (more than 9 months). The method was satisfactory and

32

was used to determine the copper ion concentration in waste waters, contaminated by this metal. Keywords: Carbon paste electrode; Nanoporous silica; Copper; Waste water P 008

Ultrasensitive flow-injection electrochemical method using fast Fourier transformation square-wave voltammetry for detection of

vitamin B12 T. Mirzaei Garakani*, P. Norouzi, M. R. Ganjali,

Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tehran,

Tehran, Iran Email: norouzi@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

A simple and rapid fast Fourier transform squarewave voltammetry (SWV) method for the determination of vitamin B12 using a platinum ultramicroelectrode (UME) in flow-injection system is proposed. The procedure is based on the changes in admittance voltammogram of a Pt UME (in 0.1 mol/L potassium hydrogen phthalate) caused by adsorption of the analyte on the electrode surface. To obtain the much sensitivity the effective parameters such as frequency, amplitude, stripping potential and time were optimized. The calibration graphs were linear over the range 5.0×10-10 to 4.0×10-7 mol/L for B12 , and CDL of 8.0×10−11 mol/L. The relative standard deviation at concentration 5.0×10−7 mol/L is 2.1% for five reported measurements. Keywords: fast fourier transform squarewave voltammetry, ultramicoelectrode, flow injection P 009

Fabrication of a silica Sol gel carbon paste modified electrode based on mercaptosuccinic

acid as an ionophore for determination of copper ion in water samples.

Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh*, Rasoul pourtaghavi talemi

Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran

Email: rasool_taghavi@yahoo.com

Abstract A novel carbon paste ion selective electrode

based of mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) as an ionophore for determination of copper ion was prepared. The electrode composition was 30 mg of paraffin oil, 64 mg of graphite powder, 6 mg of ionophore (MSA), and 100 µl of Sol gel. This carbon paste electrode was applied as indicator electrode for potentiometric determination of copper ions. The proposed sensor based on MSA exhibits the working concentration range of 5.3×10−7 to 1.0×10-2 M and a Nernstian slope of 29.1 mVdecade−1 of copper activity. The detection limit

of electrode was 4.0×10-7 M and potential response was pH independent across the range of 3.5–6.0. It exhibited a quick response time of <15 s. This sensor presented very good selectivity and sensitivity towards the Cu2+ ions over a wide variety of cations including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The application of prepared sensors has been demonstrated for the determination of copper ions in spiked and natural water samples. Keywords: Carbon paste electrode - Sol-gel – Mercaptosuccinic acid P 010 A Sol gel and Gold nanoparticles modified

carbon paste electrode based on mercaptosuccinic acid for potentiometric

dtermination of Al 3+ Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh*,

Rasoul pourtaghavi talemi Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem

University, Tehran, Iran Email: rasool_taghavi@yahoo.com

Abstract

A novel carbon paste ion selective electrode for determination of trace amount of aluminum was prepared. Sol gel and Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with mercaptosuccinic acid were used for improvement of an aluminum carbon paste sensor response. The electrode composition of 30 mg paraffin oil, 63 mg graphite powder,7 mg mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) as an ionophore, 100 µl Sol gel, and 100 µl GNPs showed the stable potential response to Al3+ ions with the Nernstian slope of 19.2 mVdecade−1 over linear concentration range of 7.9×10−7-7.1×10−4 M. The detection limit of the sensor was 3.98 ×10−7 M .The proposed electrode showed the excellent discriminating ability toward Al3+ ions with regard to most alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The proposed electrode was used to determination of aluminum concentration in some water samples. Keywords: Sol-gel –Gold nanoparticle –Carbon paste -Mercaptosuccinic acid P 011

Voltammetric characteristics of Glyphosate-Biocarb® on carbon paste electrode modified

with 2-(4-((4-ethoxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenylamino)ethanol

M. Arvand*, M. Vaziri, M.A. Zanjanchi, M. Yazdanbakhsh, A. Mohammadi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Email address: arvand@guilan.ac.ir

Abstract Cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and

rotating disk electrode voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of Glyphosate-Biocarb® at glassy carbon electrode

33

modified with an azo dye, 2-(4-((4-ethoxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenylamino)ethanol (EDPE). The modified electrode showed high electrocatalytic activity toward Glyphosate-Biocarb®. The current was enhanced significantly relative to the situation prevailing when a bare glassy carbon electrode was used. The kinetics parameters of this process were calculated, the apparent electron transfer rate constant ks and α (charge transfer coefficient between glassy carbon electrode and EDPE) were 14.6 s−1 and 0.48, respectively.

Keywords: Glyphosate-Biocarb®, EDPE modified Carbon paste electrode, Cyclic voltammetry P 012

Sequential Determination of Benserazide and Levodopa by Voltammetric Method Using

Chloranil as a Mediator A. Arabzadeh*, Ali A. Ensafi and H. Karimi-Maleh

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

Abstract

An electrochemical method is described for the sequential voltammetric determination of benserazide and levodopa using chloranil (CA) as a mediator. Cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the suitability of CA as a mediator for the electrocatalytic oxidation of benserazide and levodopa in an aqueous solution. The oxidation peak potential of levodopa and benserazide shifted at about 230 and 480 mV to less positive potentials, respectively, than with the unmodified carbon paste electrode. Under optimum conditions, the electrocatalytic oxidation peak current of levodopa and benserazide shown two linear dynamic ranges with limit of detection of 0.65 µmol L–1 and 0.95 µmol L–1, respectively. The relative standard deviations for the determination of 5.0 × 10–5 mol L–1 benserazide and 5.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 levodopa were 2.0 and 2.0% (n = 5), respectively. The linear calibration ranges were 1.0-500 µmol L–1 for benserazide and 3-500 µmol L–1 for levodopa using differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of levodopa and benserazide in urine samples, demonstrating the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method. P 013 A multi-walled carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode as a new sensor for the sensitive simultaneous determination of paracetamol and tramadol in pharmaceutical preparations and

biological fluids Ali Babaei, Mohammad Afrasiabi٭, Ali Reza Taheri Department of Chemistry, University of Arak, Arak,

P.O. Box 38156-879, Iran

Email: mohammad_afrasiabi07@yahoo.com Abstract

A chemically modified electrode is constructed based on a multi-walled carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNTs/GCE). It is demonstrated that this sensor can be used for the simultaneous determination of the pharmaceutically important compounds paracetamol (PAR) and tramadol (TRA). The measurements were carried out by the application of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. Application of the DPV method demonstrated that in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.5) there was a linear relationship between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of PAR over the range 0.5 µM to 210 µM. A similar linear correlation between oxidation peak current and concentration was observed for TRA over the range of 2 µM-300 µM. Under optimal conditions the modified electrode exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity and stability for both PAR and TRA determination, making it a suitable sensor for the simultaneous submicromolar detection of PAR and TRA in solutions. The effect of solution pH on the electrochemical response of the MWCNTs/GCE towards PAR and TRA in the simultaneous determination of PAR and TRA was investigated using DPV method. A pH value of 7.5, which is close to biological pH value, was chosen as an optimum solution pH for further experiments and The accumulation time of 50 s was chosen as an optimum time for further experiments. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of PAR and TRA in human serum, human urine and some pharmaceutical preparations with satisfactory results. The modified MWCNTs/GCE showed surface area of 9.8 times of GCE.

Keywords: Paracetamol, Tramadol, Carbon nanotube, Modified glassy carbon, electrochemical sensor P 014 A multi-walled carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode as a new sensor for the sensitive

simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and indomethacin in human serum and human

urine Ali Babaei, Mojtaba Farshbaf ٭, Mohammad

Afrasiabi, Aliyeh Dehdashti Department of Chemistry, University of Arak, Arak,

P.O. Box 38156-879, Iran E_mail: mojtaba.farshbaf@yahoo.com

Abstract

A chemically modified electrode is constructed based on multi-walled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNTs/GCE). It was demonstrated that this sensor could be easily used for the simultaneous determination of the pharmaceutically important compounds

34

acetaminophen (ACT) and Indomethacin (INDO) in aqueous buffered media. The measurements were carried out by application of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. Application of the DPV method demonstrated that in phosphate buffer (pH = 7) there was a linear relationship between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of ACT over the range 3 µM to 400 µM with a calibration equation of Ip(µA) = 0.256c (µM) + 9.394 (R2=0.996). A similar linear correlation between oxidation peak current and concentration was observed for INDO over the range of 3 µM-330 µM with a calibration equation of Ip(µA) = 0.316c (µM) + 6.718 (R2=0.996). The effect of pH of solutions on the electrochemical response of the MWCNTs/GCE towards the simultaneous determination of ACT and INDO was investigated and the pH value of 7, which is close to biological pH value, was chosen as an optimum solution pH for further experiments and the accumulation time of 60 s was chosen as an optimum time for further experiments. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for simultaneous detection of ACT and INDO in human serum and human urine with satisfactory results. The modified MWCNTs/GCE showed surface area of 9.8 times of GCE. Under optimal conditions the modified electrode exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity and stability for simultaneous determination of ACT and INDO, making it a suitable sensor for the submicromolar detection of ACT and INDO in solutions.

Keywords: Indomethacin, Acetaminophen, Carbon nanotube, Modified glassy carbon P 015

Polymeric membrane sensor based on Cu(II) Schiff base complex for selective iodide ion

Mohammad Taghi Ghanbarzadeh∗, Ali Benvidi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, yazd

University, yazd, Iran Email: m.t.ghanbarzadeh97@gmail.com

Absteract A PVC membrane electrode based on bis(N-2-bromophenyl salicylidenaminato)copper(II) as ionophor was prepared. The electrode tested by inorganic anions and showed a good selectivity for iodede ion. This sensor showed Nerstian behaviour with a slope of a -58.7 mV per decade at 25°C. The proposed electrode exhibited a wide linear range from 2.0×10-5 to 1.0×10-1 M with a detection limit of 5.0×10-6 M. The electrode response was independent of pH in the range of 3.0 to 10.0 . The response time is about 10-20 s and be used for at over 45 days without considerable deterioration. The proposed sensor was applied as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of I- with Ag+ ion, and to determine the iodide in samples of water and a sample of antiseptic.

Keywords: Iodide-selective electrode, polymeric membrane, potentimetry P 016 Electrochemical study of polythiophene/Y-zeolite as a nanocomposite material with novel physico-

chemical properties toward sulfide ions M. Arvand*, R. Ansari, L. Heydari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 1914,Rasht, Iran

Email: arvand@guilan.ac.ir Abstract

A new potentiometric electrode for sulfide based on conducting polymer films is introduced. A composite of polythiophene (PTP) with Y-zeolite was prepared via chemical oxidative polymerization of thiophene (TP) in presence of a dispersion of Y-zeolite (powder) in CHCl3 solvent using anhydrous FeCl3 oxidant. The composite as active component was mixed with graphite powder and binding liquid and then used for preparation of solid state electrodes. The working temperature range for this electrode is between 20 and 40°C. The linear dynamic range is 1 × 10-7-1 × 10-4 M and measures total sulfide concentration over a range of pH from 5-9. The polymer electrode showed high selectivity for sulfide in the presence of many common interfering anions.

Keywords: Polythiophene/Y-zeolite, Sulfide, Nanocomposite material, Potentiometry P 017 Selective membrane lead (II) electrode based on 2-(((E)-2-((E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) methyliden)

hydrazono) methyl) phenol Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani*, Parvin

Pourhakkak Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd

University, Yazd, I.R. Iran Department of Chemistry, Ardakan Center, Payam

Noor University, Ardakan, I.R. Iran Email: mazloumardakani @ gmail.com

Abstract

A PVC membrane electrode for lead ions based on 2-(((E)-2-((E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) methyliden) hydrazono) methyl) phenol as membrane carrier was prepared. This electrode exhibited linear response with Nernstian slope of -29.2 ± 0.2 mV per decade within the concentration range of 2.0×10-7 - 1.0×10-1

M lead ion. The limit of detection, as determined from the intersection of the extrapolated linear segments of the calibration plot, was 8.0×10-8 M. The electrode exhibited high selectivity for Pb (II). The response time of the electrode was about 5-10 s for different concentrations. The electrode is suitable for use in aqueous solutions in a pH range of 5.0 -7.5. It was used as an indicator electrode in a titration of Pb (II) with chromate at constant pH. This electrode was used for the determination of

35

lead in real samples, and the results were in agreement with those obtained with an AAS method

Keywords: 2-(((E)-2-((E)-1-(2- Hydroxyphenyl) methyliden) hydrazono) methyl) phenol; Lead ion Selective electrode; Lead P 018

Slective electrochemical sesor for Nickel ions Based on a SimpleEthylenediamine Derivative Bakhtiar Khodavirdilo*1 ,Khalil Farhadi 2,Zahra

Khodavirdlo 3 1Department of chemistry payame noor university

,Urmia ,Iran 2 Department of chemistry ormia university

,Urmia,Iran 3Azarpoush Factory , Tasouj,Iran

Email: b.khodavirdilo@yahoo.com Abstract

A new PVC membrane ion selective electrode which is highly selective towards Ni(II) ions was constructed using a Schiff base containing a binaphthyl moiety as the ionophore. The sensor exhibited a good Nernstian response for nickel ions over the concentration range 1.0×10–1 – 5.0 ×10–6 M with a lower limit of detection of 1.3×�10–6 M. It has a fast response time and can be used for a period of 4 months with a good reproducibility. The sensor is suitable for use in aqueous solutions in a wide pH range of 3.6 – 7.4 and works satisfactorily in the presence of 25% (v/v) methanol or ethanol. The sensor shows high selectivity to nickel ions over a wide variety of cations. It has been successfully used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of nickel ions against EDTA and also for the direct determination of nickel content in real samples: effluent samples, chocolates and hydrogenated oils,desirable steel. P 019

Electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer for determination of

sertraline hydrochloride in tablets M. Arvand 1, M. Hashemi 1, A. Mohammadkhah 1,

M. Giahi 2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 1914, Rasht, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box:

1616, Lahijan, Iran Abstract

A potentiometric chemosensor for selective determination of sertraline hydrochloride was developed based on the molecular imprinting technique. Characteristics of the proposed sensor were evaluated by measuring the potential response to sertraline hydrochloride in the activity range from

10 µmol L-1 to 10 mmol L-1 with a near Nernstian response of 57.6 mV/decade and a limit of detection of 2.0 µmol L-1. The electrode demonstrated a response time of <15 s, a high performance and a satisfactory long-term stability (more than 5 months). The potentiometric selectivity coefficients of the proposed sensor were evaluated and it exhibited good selectivity to sertraline with respect to the other materials. The standard electrode potentials were determined at different temperatures and used to calculate the isothermal coefficient of the electrode. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer, Potentiometric, Sertraline hydrochloride, Tablets P 020

Solvent influence upon complex formation between DCH18C6 and La3+ cation in AN-DMF,

AN-MeOH and H2O-MeOH binary solutions M. S. Kazemi*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch,

Bojnourd-Iran. Email: samadi24243@yahoo.com

Abstract

The complexation reaction between La3+ cation with the dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6(DCH18C6) in acetonitrile(AN)-dimethylformamide(DMF), acetonitrile(AN)-methanol(MeOH) and water-methanol(H2O-MeOH)binary solutions have been studied at different temperatures using conductometric method. The conductometric data show that the stoichiometry of the complexes is 1:1[ML]. The results show that the stability constant of (DCH18C6-La3+) in various solvents is: AN>MeOH>DMF. Non-linear behavior was observed for the stability constant of this complex versus the composition of the solvent systems and the minimum of logKf for (DCH18C6-La3+) complex in AN-MeOH binary solutions obtain at χMeOH~0.75. But the results show that the stability constant of (DCH18C6-La3+) complex increase with the mole fraction of MeOH in H2O-MeOH binary solution. The values of thermodynamic parameters (∆H˚C)for formation of complexes were obtained from temperature dependence of stability constants of complexes using the van´t Hoff plots and the standard entropy(∆S C)were calculated from the relationship: ∆G˚C,298.15=∆H˚C -298.15∆S C. The results show that the values of these thermodynamic parameters are influenced by the nature and the composition of the binary systems Keywords: DCH18C6, La3+ cation, AN-DMF, AN-MeOH, H2O-MeOH, Conductometry. P 021

Polarization and weight loss studies of a new derivative of pyrimidine-2-thione as an efficient

36

corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel 304 in sulfuric acid medium

M. Behpour*, S. M. Ghoreishi, F. Vatani, A. Ghasemzadeh.

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran.

Email: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

The corrosion inhibition properties of a new heterocyclic compound namely 4-(4’-methylphenyl)-6-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thione (MPDT) for stainless steel 304 in 6 M H2SO4 medium were analyzed by weight loss and polarization method. The experimental results showed that this inhibitor has good inhibition efficiency up to %95.6 and 96.6 for weight loss and polarization method respectively. With increasing inhibitor concentration, the inhibition efficiencies increase and the corrosion current density values decrease. The results of polarization method showed that this inhibitor acts as a mixed type inhibitor. Keywords: Inhibitor, Stainless Steel 304, Corrosion, H2SO4. P 022 Structural Characterization and Electrochemical

Study of [Fc-X-Fc]@Cn Complexes Avat (Arman) Taherpour*a and Rouhollah Jalajerdi

b aChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic

Azad University, Arak, Iran bChemistry Department, Payamenoor University,

Zanjan, Iran Email: avatarman.taherpour@ gmail.com

Abstract

Ferrocene (Fc) and its derivatives are the broad-spectrum of organometal compounds which is commonly used in electronics and semiconductors. The electrochemical oxidation some of the biferrocene derivatives were studied at various carbon electrodes. Since the discovery of fullerenes (Cn), one of the main classes of carbon compounds, the unusual structures and physiochemical properties of these molecules have been discovered, and many potential applications and physicochemical properties have been introduced. Up to now, various empty carbon fullerenes with different numbers “n,” such as C60, C70, C76, C82 and C86, have been obtained. Topological indices are digital values that are assigned based on chemical composition. These values are purported to correlate chemical structures with various chemical and physical properties. They have been successfully used to construct effective and useful mathematical methods to establish clear relationships between structural data and the physical properties of these materials. In this study, the number of carbon atoms in the fullerenes was used as an index to establish a relationship between the structures of [Fc-X-Fc] and fullerenes Cn (n=60, 70, 76, 82 and 86), which

create [Fc-X-Fc]@Cn. The relationship between the number of carbon atoms and the free energies of electron transfer (∆Get(1) to ∆Get(4)) are assessed using the electron transfer equation for [Fc-X-Fc]@Cn complexes. Calculations are presented for the four reduction potentials (Red.E1 to Red.E4) of fullerenes Cn. Keywords: Fullerenes; Biferrocenes; Free energy of electron transfer; Electrochemical properties; Reduction potential. P 023

Used a New Schiff base as Selective Carrier for

Zirconium Potentiometric Sensor Samira saeednia*a Iran Sheikhshoaei b, Mohmmad

Hossein Mashhadizadeh c a: Department of Chemistry, Vali-e- Asr University

of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran b: Department of Chemistry, Shahid bahonar

University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran c: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moalem

University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Abstract

The application of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) in analytical chemistry has attracted considerable attention. Much interest has recently been paid to the ionophore ligand as sensing materials for neutral carrier type ion-selective electrodes due to the unique properties of the compounds. Enomorous research work has been directed towards preparation of molecular carrier processing electrical neutrality, liophilic character and capability to selectivity and reversibility bind given metal ion to induce a selective permeation of one type of metal ion through the membrane electrode [1]. Zirconium is used in a wide rang of applications including nuclear caps, catalytic converters, surgical appliances, metallurgical furnaces, superconductors, ceramics, lamp filaments, anti corrosive alloys and photographical purposes [2]. Thus, because of increasing industrial uses of zirconium compounds, its determination is the subject of considerable efforts. A PVC membrane electrode for zirconium based on 4-nitrophenylazo-N-(2-hydroxy propylamine)salicylidine (S7) as an ion carrier was developed [3]. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian slope of 29.37 mV per decade and a linear range of 1.0×10-2 to2.0×10-7 mol L-1 for zirconium ion. It has a fast response time of about 10 s and can be used for at least 1 month without observing any deviation. The proposed membrane sensor revealed good selectivity for zirconium ion over a wide variety of other metal ions and could be used in pH range of 5–9.5. It was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of zirconium ion.

References: [1] D. Ammann, W.E. Morf, P. Anker, P.C. Meier, E. Pretsch, W. Simon,Ion Select. Electrode Rev. 5, (1983) , 3.

37

[2] N,N.Green wood, A. earnshaw, chemistry of the Elements, PergamonPress, Oxford, (1984), 1113. [3] I. Sheikhshoaei, S. Saeed-Nia, Arabian. J. Science and Engineering. 35(1A), 2010, 53. P 024

Comparative electrochemical behavior of

dopamine at new furyl methylidene amino-1-benzenethiol and sulfanyl phenyl imino methyl phenol Schiff bases self -assembled monolayers

Mohsen Behpour*, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi, Ebrahim Honarmand

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran.

Email: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

New derivatives of furyl methylidene amino-1-benzenethiol (FMAB) and sulfanyl phenyl imino methyl phenol (SPIMP) self assembled monolayers have been fabricated on a bare gold electrode (Au FMAB SAM-modified electrode and Au SPIMP SAM-modified electrode). Cyclic voltammetry and EIS are utilized to investigate the properties of the Au FMAB and Au SPIMP SAM-modified electrodes in 5.0 mmol L-1 [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- solution. The Au SPIMP SAM-modified electrode was applied successfully to the determination of dopamine (DA) in the presence of high concentration of ascorbic acid. Selective detection was realized in completely eliminating ascorbic acid response. The oxidation peak current for dopamine increases linearly with concentration in the range of 2.0 × 10-6 to 2.0 × 10-4 mol L-1. The detection limit is 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1 and the Au SPIMP SAM-modified electrode could be employed for the determination of DA in pharmaceutical formulations, plasma samples and human urine.

Keywords: Dopamine, Ascorbic acid, Self-assembled monolayer, Gold electrode, Electrocatalytic oxidation

P 025

A Conductance Study of Complex Formation between Na+ and K+ Cations with Benzo-18-

Crown-6 and Benzo-15-Crown-5 in Some Binary Mixed Alcoholic Solvents K. Taheri *, F. Imani Nejad

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

Email: khalil.taheri@yahoo.com Abstract

The complexation reaction between Na+ and K+ Cations with Benzo-18-Crown-6 and Benzo-15-Crown-5 ligands have been studied in methanol-1propanol (MeOH-1PrOH), methanol-2propanol (MeOH-2PrOH) and methanol-1butanol (MeOH-1BuOH) binary mixtures using conductometric method. The conductance data show that all

complexes are formed as 1:1, while the B15C5.K+ complex are formed as 1:2 stoichiometry. The values of stability constants which were obtained from conductance data, show that the stability of complexes is affected by nature and composition of the mixed solvents and a non linear behavior was observed for the variation of the logarithm of stability constant (Log Kf) of the complexes versus the composition of mixed solvent. The stability order of the complexes is B18C6.K+ > B18C6.Na+ > B15C5.Na+ in most investigated solvent systems. Keywords: Na+ and K+ cations ; crown ether ; mixed solvent ; conductometry P 026 Electrochemical polymerization of copolymers (N

alkylpyrrole-co-pyrrole) and investigation electroactivity of copolymers

Nasrin Sabbah Isfahani* Payame Noor University of Tabriz,Tabriz I.R.Iran

Email: nasrin.sabbah@yahoo.com Abstract

Copolymerization of pyrrole with N-ethylpyrrole (NEPy), N-buthylpyrrole (NBPy) and N-octhylpyrrole (NOPy) was carried out by electrochemical and chemical oxidation. In the electrochemical method, copolymer thin film with different feed ratios of monomers was synthesized by cyclic voltammetry method in lithium perchlorate-acetonitrile (LiClO4/CH3CN) electrolyte on the surface of the Glassy Carbon (GC) working electrode. Deposition conditions on the GC, influence of the mole ratios of monomers on the formation of copolymers and the electroactivity of copolymers were investigated using cyclic voltammetry Keywords: Electrochemical polymerization polypyrrole, poly (N-alkylpyrrole), copolymer, electroactivity P 027

Potentiometric titration of halide ions using a micro modified electrode with polyaniline as

indicator electrode R. Ansari*, F. Emsakpour

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Email: ransari@guilan.ac.ir Abstract

This paper describes a potentiometric titration for determination of halides at low concentrations (ppm). The introduced microelectrode is based on application of polyaniline chloride as thin layer coated on a pencil graphite microelectrode (PGE/PAniCl). Polyaniline was first synthesized chemically from aqueous HCl solution (1.0M). The coating was performed via solution cast method (acid formic and emeraldine base). The introduced

38

indicator electrode in this paper (PGE/PAniCl) was successfully used in determination of halide ions via potentiometric titration. The titration curves were compared with those obtained by a commonly used silver indicator electrode.

Keywords: halide ions, polyaniline, PGE/PAniCl, potentiometric titration

P 028

Electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer for determination of

memantine hydrochloride in tablets M. Arvand*,1, H. Asadi Samie 1, M.A. Zanjanchi 1,

Sh. Shariati 2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 1914, Rasht, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran Abstract

In this work, a biomimetic potentiometric sensor, based on a non-covalent imprinted polymer, was fabricated for the recognition and determination of memantine in pure drug and tablet pharmaceutical form. The molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized by using memantine hydrochloride as a template molecule, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylat as a cross-linking agent. The sensor was developed by dispersing the memantine imprinted polymer particles in dibutyl sebacate plasticizer and embedding in polyvinyl chloride matrix. The wide linear range (10-5-10-1 mol L-1), with a near Nernstian response of 57.2 mV/decade, a limit of detection (6.0 × 10-6 mol L-1), fast response time (~15s) and a satisfactory long-term stability (4 months) are characterizations of the proposed sensor. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer; Potentiometric sensor; Memantine hydrochloride; Tablets P 029

Indirect determination of Ciprofloxacin Using Square Wave Voltammetry

B. Zargar *, H. Parham, F. Sabbagh Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran Abstract

In this research trace amounts of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) have been indirectly determined in the presence of Fe (III) ions by square wave (SW) voltammetry. In the presence of CPFX the height of the Fe (III) voltammetric peak decreases. Under the optimum conditions, the decrease of the Fe (III) peak current is proportional to CPFX concentration. The calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 0.5 to 23 mg L-1 of ciprofloxacin with a regression coefficient of 0.9945. The limit of

detection (signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1) for the method was 0.3015 mg L-1, and the relative standard deviations for concentrations of 7 mg L-1 and 12 mg L-1 were 4.68% and 3.37%, respectively. The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of CPFX in tablets. Keywords: Ciprofloxacin, Square-wave voltammetry, Fe (III) ions, Indirect determination, Tablet, Human serum. P 030

Electrochemical behavior of a new dicyanamido

copper (II) complex Alireza. Rezvani a, ,Halimeh Janani*a,

Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674,

Zahedan, Iran

Email: Halimehjanani@ yahoo. Com Abstract

In the present study, the electrochemical behavior of a new dicyanamido copper (II) complex with the formula [Cu (acac) (phen) (dca)] .2H2O is reported. Electrochemical study of the complex was performed using DMF as solvent and tetrabutylammoniumhexafluorophosphate as supporting electrolyte at a scan rate of 300 mV s-1. The measurement was carried out in 0.1 M

solution

at room temperature. The cyclic voltammogram shows (fig 1) a quasi reversible redox couple at 0.118 ⁄ 0.308 V with E1/2 = 0213 V

and ∆Ep = 0.19 V

that can be assigned to the Cu (II)-Cu (I) reductive process [1, 2]. The reversible wave at -1.442 V corresponding to 1, 10 phenanthroline is obtained. The peak separation, ∆E, don’t vary with increasing scan rate. The ∆E and Ip,c/Ip,a values imply that there is some quasi reversibility to the electron transfer reaction. Keywords: Cyclic Voltammogram, dicyanamido, copper (II) complex P 031

Cyclic Voltammetry Characterization of dinuclear Cu (II) complexes with dicyanamide

Alireza. Rezvani a, ,Halimeh Janani a*, Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan

and Baluchestan, P. O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran

Email: Halimehjanani@yahoo.com Abstract

In this paper, the electrochemical properties of the Cu (II) complexes were studied in DMF solution as solvent and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate as the supporting electrolyte at the scan rate of 100 – 500mV s-1 by cyclic voltammetry. All the measurements were carried out in 10 -3M solutions at room temperature in the potential range +2 to −2V. Typical cyclic voltammogram (CV) of [Cu(bipy)(µ-

39

dca)(H2O)(NO3)]2 (1) , [Cu(µ-N3)(C2N3)(phendione)]2 (2) and [Cu(bpyam)(µ-dca)(H2O)]2 (NO3)2 (3) are shown in fig 1–3 respectively. The electrochemical potentials of the complexes were characterized by well-defined waves in cathodic and anodic regions. The formal potential of the Cu (II)/Cu (I) couple varies depending on the nature of the substituents present in the ligand. The complexes follow the general rule that, for closely related ligands, the oxidation potential is decreased by electron donating groups and increased by electron with drawing groups. Keywords: Electrochemical properties, Cyclic Voltammetry, Cu (II) complexes P 032 Electrochemical oxidation mechanism of guanine

and adenine using a glassy carbon microelectrode

Vahid Mahboobi*1, Kokab Bahrami 2 1Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad

University,Arak, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, The Central Branch and Young Researchers Club, Azad University, Tahran,

Iran Email:m.vahidchem@yahoo.com

Abstract

The electrochemical oxidation mechanism of guanine and adenine was investigated using a glassy carbon microelectrode and cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. It is pH-dependent and the electron transfer process occurs in consecutive steps with the formation of strongly adsorbed dimers on the electrode surface for both compounds.Differential pulse voltammograms of guanine and adenine , in pH 4.5, 0.2 M acetate buffer at a glassy carbon microelectrode.(FigureA,B) are shown. Keywords : Electrochemical oxidation , Guanine , Adenine , Voltammetry. P 033 Electrochemical synthesis and characterization

of over-oxidized polypyrrole/ multi-walled carbon nanotube composite at glassy carbon electrode and its application in epinephrine

determination Saeed Shahrokhian a,b*, Reyhaneh Sadat Saberi a aDepartment of Chemistry, Sharif University of

Technology, Tehran 11155-9516, Iran bInstitute for Nanoscience and Technology, Sharif

University of Technology, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author. Tel.:+98-21-66005718,

Fax: +98-21-66012983, Email: shahrokhian@sharif.edu

Abstract

A composite film constructed of over-oxidized polypyrrole and multi-walled carbon nanotube was

prepared on the surface of glassy carbon electrode by electro-polymerization method. Surface characterization of the modified electrode was performed by scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectrometry. A remarkable enhancement in the microscopic area of the electrode resulted in a considerable increase of the peak current of epinephrine (EN) oxidation (~35 times). Differential pulse voltammetry was applied as a very sensitive analytical method for the determination of sub-micromolar amounts of EN. Three linear ranges were obtained for EN concentration in the range of 0.1–0.8 µM, 4.0-8.0 µM and 20-100 µM. The voltammetric detection limit of the modified electrode for EN (based on 3σ) was 40 nM. On the other hand, this sensor has an excellent selectivity and sensitivity for EN Determination in the presence of clinical interferences (e.g. uric acid, ascorbic acid and human serum contents). These excellent properties make the prepared sensor suitable for the analysis of the trace amounts of EN in pharmaceutical and clinical preparations. Keywords: Epinephrine; Multi-walled carbon nanotube; Over-oxidized poly-pyrrole; Composite electrodes; Modified electrodes P 034

Electrocatalytic oxidation of actaldehyde using

modified copper bromide electrode Ghasem Karim-Nezhad*, Behruz Zare ,Parisa Seyed

Dorraji Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Payame Noor University, Khoy, Iran. Email address: g.knezhad@gmail.com

Abstract

A copper bromide modified electrode fabricated by electrodeposition. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry . The modified electrode presented good electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of actaldehyde at a reduced overpotential. The catalytic rate constant (kcat) of actaldehyde was calculated by chronoamperometric experiments. From the slope of the Icat/IL vs t1/2 plot, , the mean values of k for acetaldehyde was obtained as 1.84×105 cm3 mol-1 s-

1. In addition, the present modified electrode exhibited the advantages of simple preparation, fast response, good stability for actaldehyde oxidation.

Keywords : Copper bromide, Modified electrode, Cyclic voltammetry ,Actaldehyde P 035

A study of the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on modified

copper iodide electrode Ghasem Karim-Nezhad*, Sona Maleki , Afsaneh

Moosazadeh

40

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, Khoy, Iran

Email: g.knezhad@gmail.com Abstract

Copper iodide modified electrode was prepared as a new electrode. The modified electrode placed in 0.1M NaOH and the electrode potential was cycled between −250 and 1000mV(vs. SCE)at a scan rate of 50mVs−1 for 5 cycles in a cyclic voltammetry regime until a featureless voltammogram was obtained. Then the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode for the oxidation of methanol, in aqueous basic solution was studied by using cyclic voltammetry and chrono amperometry. Copper iodide modified copper electrode has good electrocatalytic behavior for the oxidation of methanol. In comparison with the data on the bare copper electrode, an increase of 5 folds in peak current of methanol was observed at the copper iodide modified electrode.

Keywords : Copper iodide, Modified electrode, Cyclic voltammetry ,Methanol P 036

Amperometric sensor based on copper hexacyanoferrate nanostructure for

determination of ceftriaxone sodium antibiotic in pharmaceutical samples

Mir Reza Majidi * , Karim Asadpour-Zeynali , Behnam Hafezi

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51664, Iran

Email: sr.majidi@gmail.com

Abstract A copper hexacyanoferrate nanostructure was

prepared on the surface of a disposable pencil graphite electrode. The resulting electrode exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of Ceftriaxone sodium. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were employed to characterize the response to Ceftriaxone sodium that changes linearly in the concentration range from 2 to 72 µM, with a detection limit of 0.54 µM (at an SNR of 3). Typical features of the sensor include low cost, simple preparation, fast response, good stability, selectivity, and reproducibility. It was applied to the determination of Ceftriaxone sodium in pharmaceutical samples. All results obtained were compared to recommended procedure by British Pharmacopeia.

Keywords: Amperometric sensor; Antibiotics; Nanostructures; Pharmaceutical samples

P 037 Voltammetric determination of L-tyrosine at the surface of a carbon paste electrode modified with

gold nanoparticles

S.M. Ghoreishi*, M. Behpour, N. Jafari Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran Email: s.m.ghoreishi@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

A carbon paste electrode modified with gold nanoparticles (AuMCPE) was used as highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of L-tyrosine (Tyr) as a biologically important compound. The electrochemical oxidation of Tyr was studied in phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV). A linearity between the oxidation peak current and the Tyr concentration was obtained in the range of 1.0×10−7 to 1.0×10−4 M with a detection limit of 5.5×10−8 M. The proposed voltammetric approach was also applied to the determination of the Tyr concentration in human serum.

P 038

Exhibit effect of sodium hypophosphite on the corrosion resistance of Ni-P alloys in 1N HCl

with EIS electrochemistry method S. Mehrfar a* , A. Hassanzadeh a, A. Nozad b

aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Urmia,Urmia

bInstitute of Nuclear Science and Technology,Organic of Atomic Energy, Tehran

Email: s.mehrfar@yahoo.com Abtract

Electroless nickel (EN) process is the controlled auto catalytic reduction of nickel ions using suitable reducing agent such as sodium hypophosphit on certain catalytic surfaces. The variation of phosphorous content in the Ni-P plates affects the physico-chemical and electrochemistry propertise of the plates. In the present work, the role of phosphorus content on the electrochemical properties of electroless Ni-P plates was studied systematically.The corrosion behavior of Ni-P deposit with the variation phosphorus contents compared in 1N HCl. This work aimed to investigate the corrosion characteristics of Ni-P alloys using electrochemical measurment include electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. According to the electrochemical impedance data, the polarization resistance increase with increase hypophosphite.

Keywords: Ni-P electroless; EIS; Electrochemistry; Corrosion resistance P 039

Solvent influence upon complexation process between N-Phenylaza-15-Crown-5 with Yttrium

(III) G.H. Rounaghi*, B. Deiminiat

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad - Iran

Email: ghrounaghi@yahoo.com

41

Abstract In this paper, the complexation reaction between

Y3+cation with N-Phenylaza -15-Crown -5(Ph-N15C5) was studied at different temperatures in acetonitrile-methanol (AN/MeOH), acetonitrile-propanol (AN/PrOH), acetonitrile-1,2dichloroethane (AN/DCE) and acetonitrile –water (AN/H2O) binary mixtures using the conductometric method. The results show that in all cases, the stoichiometry of the complex is 1:1 (ML). The values of formation constant of the complex which were determined using conductometric data, show that the stability of (Ph-N15C.Y)3+ complex in pure solvent changes in the following order: PrOH > AN > MeOH and in

the binary mixed solutions it follows the order: AN-DCE > AN-PrOH > AN-MeOH > AN-H2O. The values of standard thermodynamic quantities

( 0cH∆ and 0

cS∆ ) for formation of of (Ph-

N15C.Y)3+ complex were obtained from temperature dependence of the formation constant using the van’t Hoff plots. Keywords: N-Phenylaza-15-Crown-5, Y3+ cation, Mixed solvents, Conductometry. P 040 Relationship between physicochemical properties

and octanol-water partition coefficient of adamantane derivatives

M.Zanoozi *, Z.Bayat, M.Fakoor. Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University-

Quchan Branch, Iran Abstract

The aim of this report is to establish a predictive model for Partition Coefficient octanol-water using simple descriptors. The usefulness of the quantum chemical descriptors, calculated at the level of the DFT theory using 6-31+G** basis set for QSAR study of adamantane derivatives drugs was examined. The QSAR model developed contributed to a mechanistic understanding of the investigated biological effects. The first step in this study was to use a dataset containing 39 drugs with known activity. In the next steps some of them with the large secondary chain branches were removed to make our approach. Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) were employed to model the relationships between molecular descriptors and biological activities of molecules using stepwise method and genetic algorithm as variable selection tools. Biological activities contain the logarithm of the ratio of the water /octanol, logp. A multi-parametric equation containing maximum six descriptors at B3LYP/6-31+G* *method with good statistical qualities ( RMAX= 0 .927 , R2 MAX= 0.858at B3LYP/6-31+G**) was obtained by Multiple Linear Regression using stepwise method. The model derived in this report appears to be very simple but robust and effective for predictive use. This method relates log p values to fundamental molecular

properties, such as Electrostatic Potential, Local charge, Electric Field Gradient, Isotropic parameters, Natural Population Analysis. Also, GA-MLR regression was used to model the structure – activity relationships.

Keywords: adamantane derivatives, logp, QSAR, DFT, MLR P 041 Simultaneous determination of triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets using artificial

neural networks F. Divsar a,c*, M. Khayatzadeh Mahani b, H. Rafiee

a, K. Mohammadi a, L. Abdollahi a

a Instrumental Analysis Lab., Sobhan Darou Co., Rasht Industrial City, Post Box:41335-1958, Rasht,

Iran b Jabber Ibn Hayan Research Laboratories, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, P.O. Box 11365-8486,

Tehran, Iranc Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, 49 Mofateh Avenue, Tehran,

Iran * Email: divsar@gmail.com

Abstract

In order to determine the amount of triamterene (TRM) and hydrochlorothiazide (HYD) in their mixtures, spectrophotometry was used as a simple, rapid and economical method. Because of severe overlapping between these components, artificial neural network was used. The absorption spectra were recorded within 230 - 400 nm with 1 nm interval. The parameters of the chemometric procedure were optimized, and the proposed method was validated with synthetic samples and applied to analyze these drugs in pharmaceutical products with good accuracy and precision. The square of the correlation coefficients (R2) between actual and predicted values of TRM and HYD with the proposed method in a test sample were 0.9995 and 0.9997, respectively. Keywords: Brucine, Strychnos, Carbon paste electrode P 042 Optimization of NR-BR blends formulation for improvement of resilience property by Mixture

Design. Vahid kiarostami, Mehran Davallo, Aida

Kianmehr*, Maryam Vahidpur.

Department of Chemistry, Islamic.Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.

Email:*kianmehr.a@gmail.com Abstract

An Extreme vertices mixture design is proposed to study the effect of four components as variable factors (Carbon black, Sulfur, Aromatic oil and Anti oxidant) on the resilience property of NR-BR blends. The D-Optimal design was applied to select

42

the fifteen combinations of the four components out of 29 candidate points. The statistical study shows the fitted model was adequate to describe the resilience response.A model was developed to calculate the optimized point for resilience property as;Carbon black : 81.2, Aromatic oil: 18.0, Sulfur: 4.5,Anti oxidant: 6.3As shown in the contour, three dimensional, surface and trace plot.Sulfur exhibits a strong positive effect on the resilience property and Carbon black exhibit a strong negative effect on the resilience.Aromatic oil and Anti oxidant have a moderate positive effect on the resilience. Keywords: Mixture design, NR-BR Blend, Optimization, Resilience.

P 043 Linear and nonlinear QSAR study of N2 and O6

substituted Guanine Derivatives as Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) Inhibitors

N.Goudarzi, P. Kalhor*,M.Arab Chamlangali, H.N.Nikoofard

Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

Email address: payamkalhor@yahoo.com Abstract

The inhibitory activity (pIC50) toward cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) of N2 and O6 substituted guanine derivatives has been successfully modeled using calculated molecular descriptors. Two linear (multilinear regression) and nonlinear (artificial neural network) methods were utilized for construction of models to predict pIC50 activities of these compounds. The QSAR models were validated by cross-validation as well as application of the models for prediction of pIC50 of external set compounds which did not have contribution to model development steps. Both linear and nonlinear methods provided accurate predictions, although, more accurate results were obtained by ANN model. The correlation coefficients (R) and mean-squared errors (MSE) for validation sets of MLR and ANN are: 0.983, 0.986, 0.084 and 0.0329, respectively. Keywords: Quantitative Structure – Activity Relationship, Multi Linear Regression, Artificial Neural Network, Cycline – Dependent Kinase 2 inhibitors, pIC50.

P 044 New Design Device for Parameter Optimization

in Nano TiO2-UVphotocatalytic Oxidation of Textile Dye

Maryam Bordbar 1,*, Ali Yeganeh Faal 2, Fatemeh Ansari 3, Zohreh Mehri 4

1) Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qom-Branch, Qom, Iran.

2) Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Iran.

3) Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Saveh-Branch, Qom, Iran. 4) Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, North Tehran Branch, Young Researchers Club, Tehran, Iran

Email: m.bordbare@gmail.com Abstract

New device for parameter optimization by experimental design runs was made. Their advantages are reducing errors resulting from fluctuations in light and temperature variations in different runs, time and costs consuming, manpower and increase lamp life. The photocatalytic oxidation of aqueous solutions of C.I. Reactive Yellow 15 was investigated in this device under (UV/TiO2/H2O2)

oxidation process. Central composite design and response surface (RSM) methodology (RSM) were employed to derive a statistical model for the effect of TiO2/dye mole ratio, pH and electron acceptor (H2O2). Under the optimum conditions established, the performance of 99.3% for color removal was experimentally reached. It was found that all factors considered have an important effect in the degradation efficiency of the organic matter. Keywords: Nano TiO2- photocatalytic oxidation, Response Surface Methodology P 045

Linear and nonlinear QSAR study of Temperature-programmed gas chromatography

linear retention indices of all C4 – C30 monomethylalkanes on methylsilicone

OV-1 stationary phase N.Goudarzi, P. Kalhor*, H.Nikoofard

Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

Email: payamkalhor@yahoo.com Abstract

A back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) was used to create a model of gas chromatography retention indices for a data set of 196 compounds. Multiple linear regression (MLR) model of the same data was developed for comparison. The QSAR models were validated by cross-validation as well as application of the models for prediction of retention indices of external set of compounds which did not contribute to model development steps. The MLR model yielded marginally acceptable statistics with validation correlation r2 = 0.808 and mean squared error (MSE) = 0.0029. Also, the ANN model was significantly more accurate with validation correlation r2 = 0.999 and mean squared error (MSE) = 1× 10 -6.

Keywords: Quantitative structure-property relationship; retention indices; Multi Linear Regression; Artificial Neural Network.

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P 046

Solubility Prediction of 14 Organic Solids in Three Supercritical Fluids at Different

Temperatures and Pressures Reza Tabaraki*, Aref Toulabi

Department Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ilam, Ilam,Iran

Email: rezatabaraki@yahoo.com Abstract

The solubility of 14 solid compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide, ethane and fluoroform was related to the seven descriptors over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. The multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used for modeling. The most relevant descriptors were selected with genetic algorithm (GA). The ANN architecture and its parameters were optimized simultaneously. The RMSE of validation set for MLR and ANN models were (0.84, 1.14, 1.01) and (0.72, 0.81, 0.79) in supercritical carbon dioxide, ethane and fluoroform, respectively. P 047 Prediction of Toxicity of alcohols using different

chemometrics methods Sasan Sharifi a, Ali Niazi *,a,b and Fahimeh Rezaei a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran b Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran Abstract

Quantitative Structure property Relationships (QSPR) is suggested for the prediction of toxicity of 33 kinds of alcohol. All molecules were drawn in to ChemDraw and their structures were pre-optimized using the AM1 method in Chem3D software.Ab initio geometry optimization was performed at the B3LYP level, with a known basis set,6-31++G**.Local charges, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, polarizability, HOMO-LOMO energies, hardness, softness, and also structural descriptors (GETAWAY and WHIM) were calculated for each compound. Related descriptor deleted taking advantage of PCA. With orthogonal descriptor correction (ODC), Auto Scaling and Mean-Centering tried to achieve best graph of score for alcohol compound. These graphs help us to determine some molecules as training and using PLS way for regression and modeling of quantitative models. Genetics Algorithm (GA) used for selecting best descriptors to make another PLS model. Results have shown that GA-PLS (RMSEP=0.0342) way for toxicity of alcohol. Keywords: QSPR; Toxicity of alcohols; PLS; ODC-PLS; GA-PLS

P 048

Application of multi-way-PLS calibration for simultaneous determination of radioisotopes by

liquid scintillation technique Homa Shaikh ghomi 1,*, Mohmmad khayatzadeh

Mahani 2, Ali Mazloomifar 1

1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahre-ray Islamic Azad University ,Tehran, Iran 2. Instrumental Analysis Laboratories, NFCRS,

NSTRI, Tehran, Iran Email: hshaikhghomi@yahoo.com

Abstract

The multi-way-Partial least squares regression (3-PLS2) method was used with alpha energy spectra from liquid scintillation counter for simultaneous determination of uranium isotopes (U-235 and U-238). The alpha energy spectra of samples in different energy channels and different sample to cocktail ratios were used as input data for 3-PLS2. The model was applied on prediction set and acceptable results were obtained . It was shown that the predicted results are more accurate from the results from two way PLS2. Keywords: Multi-way, Liquid scintillation, PLS P 049

Prediction of Toxicity of Nitrobenzene Derivatives by Orthogonal Descriptor

Correction-Partial Least Squares Sasan Sharifi a, Ali Niazi *,a,b and Fahimeh Rezaei a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran b Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran Abstract

Today information achievement in chemical systems is more easy regard to by gone, that related to take advantage of computer. By helping of computer, mathematics and statistics make a series of chemical rules named it chemometrics that help us in assessment field, interpretation of information, improve and modeling process and tests and extraction of maximum chemical information from experiment data. One of the most important applications of chemometrics is QSAR that proceeded to relationship between biologic activity and chemical structure. Aim of this research is making new QSAR model for examining amount of toxicity of 95 compounds of nitrobenzene derivations. In this research first drawing compounds in Chem-Draw software and than improve in Chem3D software with AM1 semi experimental way. By helping improve structure achieve descriptor, related to WHIM and GETAWAY from Dragon software. Related descriptor deleted taking advantage of PCA. With orthogonal descriptor correction (ODC) tried to achieve best graph of score for compound. These graphs help us to determine some molecules as training and using PLS way for regression and

44

modeling of quantitative models. Genetics Algorithm (GA) uses for selecting best descriptors to make another PLS model [1]. According to statistical parameters and calculating amount ODC-PLS (RMSEP=0.0275) way for nitrobenzene. Keywords: Toxicity of Nitrobenzene; QSAR; PLS; ODC-PLS; GA-PLS P 050 Optimization of adsorption behavior of sodium

seftriaxone onto Mg-Al-NO3 layered double hydroxide using central composite design

Behrooz Azizi, Khalil Farhadi*, Morteza Bahram, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of

Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Email: khalil.farhadi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Drug carriers are usually polymers or various types of lipid vesicles; like liposomes, that form micro or nanoparticles [1-4]. Recently, biocompatible inorganic materials, like layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are being used in drug delivery and controlled release systems. The layered double hydroxides (LDHs) containing nitrate have been employed to adsorb some drugs from aqueous solutions. Also, because of basicity and biocompatibility of LDHs, they can be used as drug delivery systems in stomach where pH is 1-2. In this work, sodium seftriaxone a drug from antibiotic class has been adsorbed on nanoparticles of Mg-Al-NO3 by using simple adsorption process. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were developed as experimental strategies for modeling and optimization of the influence of some variables such as pH, contact time and mass of adorbent on the adsorption behavior. References: 1. L. Brannon-Peppas, Int. J. pharm, 116 (1995)

1. 2. A. Zimmer, J. Kreuter, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.

16 (1995) 61. 3. V. Labhasetwar, C. Song, R.J. Levy, Adv. Drug

Deliv. Rev. 24 (1997) 63. 4. R.H. Müller, K. Mäder, S. Gohla, Eur. J.

Pharm. Biopharm. 50 (2000) 161. 5. F. Cavani, F. Trifiro, A.Vaccari. Catal. Today.

11 (1991) 173. 6. T.J. Pinnavaia, M. Chibwe, V.R.L. Constatino,

S.K. Yun. Appl. Clay Sci. 10 (1995) 117. 7. J. Bulacov, J. Jikovsky, M. Muller, R.B.

Heimann. Surf. Coat. Technol. 201 (2006) 255. P 051

Experimental design for the optimization of Spectrophotometric determination of malachite

green in water samples after cloud point extraction using anionic surfactant SDS

Morteza Bahram*, Somayeh Khezri, Foroogh Keshvari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, Urmia University, Iran

Email: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir Abstract

In this study, a new sensitive method has been proposed to preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of malachite green from water samples. Cloud point extraction (CPE) using anionic surfactant SDS has been used for preconcentration purpose. The effect of various experimental parameters in extraction process such as pH, concentration of surfactant and salt concentration were investigated using central composite design. The experimental design was done at five levels of operating parameters. Under the optimum conditions the calibration graph was linear in the range of 8×10-9 - 9×10-7 mol L-1 with detection limit of 1.5×10-9 mol L-1 and relative standard deviation was 1.25% (n=6, C=5×10-7 mol L-1) .The method was applied to the determination of malachite green in spiked water samples. References: 1. L. An, J. Deng, L. Zhoub , H. Li , F .Chena, H

.Wanga ,Y.Liua, Journal of Hazardous Materials 175 (2010) 883-888 .

2. N.Pourreza , Sh. Elhami, Analytica Chimica Acta 596 (2007) 62-65 .

3. A.Santalad , S.Sirjaranai , R.Burakham , T.Sakai , R.L.Deming Micro chemical journal 90 (2008)50-55.

P 052

Chemometrics –assisted simultaneous

determination of atorvastatin and amlodipine in Amostatin tablets

Amir H. M. Sarrafi*, Maryam Ghiasvand, Elahe Konoz

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University-Central Tehran Branch,

Email M.qiyasvand@yahoo.com Abstract

Amostatin tablets combine the calcium channel blocker amlodipine besylate with the lipid-lowering agent atorvastatin calcium.Resolution of binary mixture of atorvastatin (ATV) and amlodipine (AML) with minimum sample pretreatment and without analyte separation has been successfully achieved using a rapid method based on partial least square analysis of UV –Spectral data. The simultaneous determination of both analytes was possible by PLS processing of sample absorbance between 236-360 nm. The correlation coefficients (R) and standard error of prediction (SEP) for ATV and AML in test synthetic mixture were 0.9986, 0.9958 and 0.5443, 0.2675 respectively. The optimized method has been used for determination of ATV and AML in Amostatin commercial tablet and results compared with

45

standard methods that have a good agreement. The proposed method are simple, fast, inexpensive and do not need to any separation or preparation methods. Keywords: Atorvastatin, Amlodipine, Simultaneous determination, Multivariate calibration P 053

Estimation of dipole moments of quinine by solvatochromic shift method based on solvent

polarity parameter, ENT

Olia alijanpour*,Mohammad javad chaichi Center of chemistry, Mazandaran

university,Babolsar,Iran Email: o.alijanpour@gmail.com

Abstract

The absorption and fluorescence characteristics of quinine are studied in a series of organic solvents. The variation of Stokes shift with the polarity parameter of the solvent is studied. Further, the changes in dipole moment (∆µ) were calculated both from solvatochromic shift method and on the basis of microscopic empirical solvent polarity parameter (ENT ),and the values are compared.The excited state dipole moment of these is higher than the ground state dipole moment. Keywords: Quinine,Solvatochromic,Dipole moment P 054

The preparation and characterization of

MWCNT-g-PCA-Pt nanocatalyst For PEM Fuel Cells

Nahid Sarlak* a,b, Akram dourani b, Mostafa Karimi a

a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lorestann, khorram Abad,

I.R.Iran b Department of Nano Technology & Nano science,

Engineering Research Institute,Tehran,I.R.Iran Email: sarlak.n@gmail.com

Abstract

We describe the development and application of a novel carbon nanotube /polycitric acid (MWCNT-g-PCA) nanocomposite as an efficient nanocatalyst for GC electrode modification for PEM fuel cell. The main methods for the modification of CNTs with polymers are covalent attachment to PCA agents. The modifications with polymers improved the adhesion of Pt nanoparticles on MWCNT surface. With this method electrocatalysts with a narrow particle-size distribution and good dispersion have been produced. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) of nancatalysts were obtained for the catalysts surface evaluation and for Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to check the electrocatalytic behavior of these nanocatalyst systems. CV results demonstrate that the electrochemical active surface (EAS) area and ORR

of the MWCNT-g-PCA-Pt is respectively higher than of the general commercial nanocatalyst. Keywords: nanocatalysts, carbon nanotube, Oxygen reduction reaction, electrochemical active surface P 055 Simultaneous Determination of Copper (II) and

Mercury (II) Using Dithizone Immobilized Optode

S. M.Jafari, M.H. Amini, K. Kargosha* chemistry and chemical Engineering Research

Center of Iran, Tehran, P.O.Box 14335-186, Email: K.Kargosha@ccerci.ac.ir

Abstract

In this study, by using dithizone (DThz) immobilized on a triacetylcellulose film (optode), the development of a novel PLS-spectrophotometric procedure for the simultaneous determination of copper (II) and mercury (II) in a binary solution of µgmL-1 levels was investigated. The absorbance of Cu (II) and Hg (II) dithizone complexes formed on the optode at pH of 2 were recorded between 450 and 560 nm, cellulose Film with immobilized DThZ was used as reference. The multivariate calibration method of PLS regression was applied to the obtained results. The statistical parameters, such as R2, RSD, SEE and SECV were evaluated. Experimental variables such as pH, spectral range, film dimension, DThZ concentration, and time of immobilization and complex formation were optimized. Keywords: optode, PLS, simultaneous, Hg (II), Cu (II) P 056

Development and Validation of RP-HPLC

Method for the Determination of Zolpidem Using an Experimental Design

E.konoz 1*, M.H.Fatemi 2, R.Abdolahnezhad 3, M.moinipour 3, M.Bahrami zonouz 1.

1- Department of Chemistry, Azad university, Central-Tehran branch, Tehran, Iran.

2- Faculty of Chemistry, Mazandaran university, Babolsar, Iran.

3- Loghman Pharmaceutical Co., Tehran, Iran. Email:mahsa.bahrami1@yahoo.com

Abstract

A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC method with UV detection for routine control of zolpidem in tablets was developed. Chromatography was performed with mobile phase containing a mixture of acetonitril/ammonium acetate buffer 0.02 M, pH=8 (60/40; v/v) with a flow rate of 1.4 mLmin-1. The procedure was validated by linearity (correlation coefficient= 0.9996), accuracy, robustness and intermediate precision. Limit of quantification and limit of detection were found to

46

be 2.5 µg/mL and 0.83 µg/mL, respectively, which indicates the method is highly sensitive. Experimental design was used during validation to calculate method robustness. For robustness test five factors were considered; molarity and pH buffer solution, percentage v/v of acetonitril/ammonium acetate, flow rate and temperature. An increase in the flow rate results in a decrease of peak Area and concentration found of the drug, while the temperature and percentage v/v of acetonitril/ammonium acetate have no important effect on the response. For intermediate precision measure the considered variables were: equipment, days and obtained RSD value (0.27%, n =10) which indicated a good precision of the analytical method. The method was found to be applicable for determination of the drug in tablet formulations and the results of the developed method were compared with those of the UV spectrophotometric method to access the active Zolpidem content. Keywords: Zolpidem, HPLC, Fractional factorial design, Central composite design, Robustness testing, Validation. P 057

Prediction of retention time of volatile organic

compound in the atmosphere Masoumeh Bakhtiari

Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Depending on their physical and chemical properties, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a wide variety of important roles in atmosphere. Reactive hydrocarbons and their intermediate products have been recognized as precursors of tropospheric O3, organic acids, and organic aerosols. If present at a high concentration in the boundary layer, O3 is toxic for humans and vegetation. Long-lived VOCs can be transported to remote areas, where they may influence chemical and physical properties of the remote atmosphere. For this reason the accurate measurement of volatile

organic compound in ambient air is an important. In this study, a quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) method is employed to predict the retention time of 100 volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere separated by two dimensional gas chromatography [1] . Modeling of retention times of these compounds as a function of

the theoretically derived descriptors was established by multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. The stepwise SPSS was used for the selection of the variables (descriptors) that resulted in the best-fitted models. For prediction of retention times of compounds in the atmosphere six descriptors were used to develop a quantitative relationship between the retention times and structural properties. After variables selection, compounds randomly were divided into two training and test sets and MLR and PLS methods used for building the best models. The values of the statistical parameters R, F and standard errors for the PLS and MLR models for test set were (R=0.9901, F=2010.1837,SE=2.0022) and (R=0.9960, F=2214.9540, SE=1.0801) respectively. The results were obtained with the proposed methods showed the linear models could identify and provide some insight into what structural features are related to retention time of these compounds. Keywords: QSAR, PLS, MLR, VOCs, retention time P 058 Removal of the azo dye, Methyl orange, using an oxidation process (Fenton reaction) optimized by

chemometrics method Mahsa Azami a, Morteza bahram*,a, Sirous Nouri a,

Abdolhosein Naseri b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Urmia, Urmia, I.R.Iran *Email: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir

b Department of analytical chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

In this study the degradation of an azo dye, methyl orange, using Fenton reaction was optimized using central composite design and response surface method. The experimental design with four factors and five levels for each factor was designed. The factors (variables) were; Fe2+, H2O2 and oxalate concentration and the reaction’s time. Multiple linear regression was applied to build a regression between these factors (full quadratic model) and degradation percent of methyl orange as response. After backward elimination of non-significant parameters the following equation was derived and used to find the optimum conditions using response surfaces. %degradation = b0 + b1*Fe + b2*Fe*Fe + b3*Fe*time + b4* H2O2* H2O2 + b5* H2O2*time + b6* oxalate * oxalate + b7* oxalate *time The optimized ranges for each variable are shown in following table. References: [1] G. Zhang, F. Yang, M. Gao, X. Fang, L. Liu, Electrochim. Acta 53 (2008) 5155–5161. [2] A.B. Prevot, C. Baiocchi, M. Brussino, E. Pramauro, P. Savarino, V. Augugliaro, G.

Factor Optimum range

Fe2+ concentration (M) 1.0×10-4 - 2.5×10-4

H2O2 concentration (M) 2.3×10-3 - 6.5×10-3

Oxalate concentration (M) 4.0×10-3 - 8.0×10-3

reaction time (min) 50 - 80

47

Marci, L. Palmisano, Environ. Sci. Technol. 35 (2001) 971–976. [3] I. Safarik, K. Nymburska, M. Safarikova, J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 69 (1997) 1–4. [4] S.S. Patil, V.M. Shinde, Environ. Sci. Technol. 22 (1988) 1160–1165. [5] P.W. Arau´ jo, R.G. Brereton, Trends Anal. Chem. 15 (1996) 63. P 059

Central composite design-Response surface method to optimize the removal of Rhodamine-B from wastewater by adsorption on modified clay Robabeh Talebi, Morteza Bahram* , Sirous Nouri

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, Urmia University Urmia, Iran

Email: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir Abstract

The cleaning of wastewater is one of the most serious environmental problems of the present day. Rhodamine-B is a red dye used to dye wool, silk and tannin mordant cotton. Methods such as chemical coagulation, ozonization, membrane filtration, electrolysis, oxidation and bio-degradation have been widely used for the removal of dyes from water and wastewater. In this work, an experimental design methodology was applied to optimize the removal of Rhodamine-B from wastewater by adsorption on modified clay. The effects of various experimental parameters in this removal was investigated using central composite design. The experimental design was done at five levels of operating parameters and following conditions were obtained as optimum:

Variable name Optimum values

F1 Time / min F2 Dose of adsorbent /(mg ml-) F3 salt(% w/v) F4 pH

43-70 0.3 - 0.5 0- 0. 7 7 - 8.5

Keywords: experimental design, Rhodamine-B, modified clay, adsorption References: 1.V.K.Gupta, Suhas, Journal of Environmental Management 90 (2009) 2313-2342. 2. B Stephen Inbaraj & N Sulochana, Indian Journal of Chemical Technology 13 (2006) 17-23. 3. A.Edwin Vasu, E-Journal of Chemistry, 5 (2008) 844-845. P 060

QSAR Analysis of milk/plasma concentration ratio of drugs

E.Konoz a, M.H.Fatemi b, Amir.H.M.Sarrafi b, Sh.Lashgari a*

a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University—Tehran,Iran,

b Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract The aim of this research was to simplify

and up grade the previously developed model for prediction of the milk to plasma(M/P) concentration ratio, given only the molecular structure of the drug. The set of 179 drug compounds has been constructed from literature data. No useful linear equation could be obtained for the entire 179 compound data set, but an artificial neural network with only six Abraham descriptors for a training set of 145 compounds, an internal test set of 17 compounds and an external test of 17 compounds respectively. These results of using the Abraham descriptors were compared with the dragon descriptors. P 061

Fabrication of ultra fine TiO2 nanofibers with electrospinning technique and optimization of

parameters with centeral composite design (CCD) method

Nahid Sarlak*1,2 , Mohammad Amin Farahmand Nejad 1,2, Saeed Shakhesi 2 , Roh allah Mehdinavaz 2

1-Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lorestan, Khorram Abad, I.R. Iran 2-Jahad Engineering Research Institute, Tehran,

I.R. Iran Email: sarlak.n@gmail.com

Abstract

TiO2 nanofibers were synthesized by an electrospinning technique using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and Ti tetraisopropoxide (Ti(Oipr)4) as precursors. The effect of synthesis and morphology parameters including high voltage, flow rate of polymer solution, distance between needle and collector and content of titania precursor were optimized with centeral composite design (CCD) method. TiO2 nanofibers under optimum conditions were prepared successfully. Through SEM images for TiO2 nanofibers the best condition and morphology was selected.

Keywords: TiO2 nanofibers , Electrospinning, Centeral Composite Design (CCD) method ,SEM analysis

P 062

Quantitative structure–activity relationship study for estimation of IC50 factors of some

benzamide derivatives Elahe Konoz*, Amir H. M. Sarrafi, Azam Mousavi

Motlagh Department of chemistry, Faculty of science,

Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran branch, Tehran, Iran. Email: irsa_1982@yahoo.com

Abstract

Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models have been used to predict and explain IC50 factors. This method allows for the

48

prediction of IC50 factors in a variety of benzamide derivatives based on their structures alone. Stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR), feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN) with back-propagation learning rule and non-linear radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) were performed to build the models. The comparison of statistical characteristics provided by MLR model with ANN model and RBFNN model indicated the predictive ability of RBFNN model is somewhat superior. This QSAR approach can be useful in predicting the quantitative IC50 of other compounds. Keywords: Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), benzamide derivatives, IC50 P 063

Optimization of strontium (II) uptake by impregnated resins containing mixtures of dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 and 1-Butyl-3-

methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids using orthogonal array design

A.Azadi 2, A.Pourmatin 1,A.R. Khanchi*1, H.faghihian 2,A.Amrollah Abhari 1

1. NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEO 2.Shahid Beheshti University

∗Email: akhanchi@aeoi.ac.ir Abstract

Studies on the uptake of strontium ion was carried out by an new extractant impregnated resin containing dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 (DCH18C6) as extractant and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids (BMIM-BF4) as diluent using orthogonal array optimization method . For this purpose, the effects of four factors: Effect of extraction time, pH, metal ion concentration and the ratios of dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 to 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids were investigated. the L16 array with 16 treatment was used to fine the most effective parameters for the extraction of strontium (II) from aqueous solutions. The results of design of experiment showed that the uptake percent is highly dependent on pH and it is the most important factor. After that, the concentration ratios of crown ether to ionic liquids play an important role in the extraction. Moreover, the results of kinetics experiments by batch method showed that the adsorption of strontium can be completed after 5 minutes. P 064

QSPR for prediction of ionization efficiency (IE)

of organic compounds using least squares support vector regression

Zahra hassanzadeh, Sajjad Gharaghani, M. Saraji, T. Khayamian*

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84154, Iran

Email: taghi@cc.iut.ac.ir (T. Khayamian)

Abstract Ionization efficiency (IE) of the compounds in

electrospray ionization (ESI) source is related to the sensitivity of the analytes in ES-MS method. A quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) model was constructed for relating the log IE values to the molecular parameters. A lot of descriptors were calculated and the most feasible descriptors were selected by stepwise multiple linear regression. The selected descriptors were used as inputs in LS-SVM models. The parameters of the model consisting of kernel parameter (σ2) and the regularization parameter (γ) were optimized by constructing different LS-SVM models and the model with the minimum RMSECV was selected as the best model and its parameters were selected as the optimized values. The RMSECV of the selected model was 0.6575 and RMSE of the prediction set was 0.654. This model could be used to realize the ionization efficiency of the compounds and therefore, predict the sensitivity of the ES-IMS for analysis of the compounds.

Keywords: Ionization efficiency, least squares support vector machine, quantitative structure–property relationship

P 065 Application of Experimental Design in Reductive

Dechlorination of 2-Chlorophenol Using Nanosized Fe0

E.Konoz 1*,M.H.Fatemi 2 , Amir H. sarrafi 1 , Z.Khodakarami 1 ,M.Robatmeily 1

1 Islamic Azad University, Department of chemistry, Tehran Central branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Mazandaran university, Factulty of chemistry, Babolsar-Iran

Abstract

Nanoscale Fe0 was synthesized through a reductive method in this paper. The experiments were performed to investigate the reduction of 2-chloro phenol (2-CP) by nanosized Fe0 were discussed. Chlorophenols, as a kind of important contaminants in ground water, are toxic and difficult to biodegrade. Batch studies demonstrated that the mechanism includes adsorption, dechlorination and cleavage of the benzene ring. Dechlorination, which occurs after 2-CP molecule is adsorbed on the interface of Fe 0 Particle, is an interfacial reaction. Experimental design has been used to optimize experimental conditions, including the effect of pH , temperature , the amount of nanoscale Fe 0 and contact time in batch studies. P 066

Central composite design of experiment (CCDOE) for optimized sol-gel synthesis of TiO2

nanoparticle Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi 1*, Amir Bagheri

Garmarudi 1,2, Nafiseh Khoddami 1, Keyvan Ghasemi 1

49

1- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, IKIU, Qazvin, Iran

2- Department of Chemistry & Polymer Laboratories, Engineering Research Institute,

Tehran, Iran *Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com

Abstract

Central composite design (CCD) was applied in investigation of some parameters which affect the size of nano TiO2 particles during the sol-gel synthesis procedure. The crystalline structures and morphologies of the nano particles were characterized by XRD and SEM. Also, the activation energies of gel degradation during the synthesis were obtained by TGA. The optimum condition obtained by experimental design method is 417.96 and 12 for H2O:TTIP and acid: TTIP molar ratios respectively. Aging temperature, aging time and calcination temperature where also optimized The smallest size of TiO2 powder, obtained by controlling the parameters is 20 nm while the best range of particle size was obtained as 20-45 nm. Keywords: nano particles; sol-gel; optimization; design of experiment; central composite design; response surface.

P 067

Application of Mean Centering of Ratio Spectra as a preprocessing method prior to soft-

modeling approach for narrowing bond boundaries of concentration profiles. Morteza Bahrama,*, Elsie Bet-Moushoul a,

Hamid Abdollahi b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Urmia University, Urmia , Iran b Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced

Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, 45195-1159, Iran *Email: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir

Abstract

The main sources of uncertainly associated with the resolution results are the ambiguity of the recovered profiles and the experimental noise of the data. Providing methodologies to quantify this uncertainly is not only a topic of interest in the current literature, but a necessary requirement to enable the use of resolution methods in standard analytical procedures. These conditions depend mainly on the degree of selectivity, in turn, depends on (a) the amount of overlap in the region of occurrence for the compound of interest with the rest of constituents and (b) the general distribution of the different compound windows in the data set. Therefore, in the same system some profile can be recovered uniquely, and some others be affected by a certain ambiguity. When ambiguity exists the component’s profile is represented by a bond of feasible solution instead of a unique profile. In this work, the effect of mean centering of ratio spectra as a preprocessing method on the feasible bond of

multivariate curve resolution (MCR) results is studied. By using this preprocessing step the one of the component is removed from the data matrix. On the other hand by using this pretreatment some constraints (e.g. Non-negativity in one of the mode) are loosed. The results showed that mean centering of ratio spectra is capable for decreasing the feasible bonds of concentration profiles even for data which has a high amount of overlapping. References: [1] R. Tauler, J. Chemometrics 2001; 15: 627–646 [2] J. Jaumot , Jose C. Menezes and Roma Tauler, J. Chemometrics 2006; 20: 54-67 [3] Rolf Manne, Chemo. Intell. Lab. Syst. 27 (1995) 89-94, [4] A. Afkhami, M. Bahram, Talanta 66 (2005) 712. [5] A. Afkhami, M. Bahram, Anal. Chim. Acta 526 (2004) 211. P 068 Prediction of Drug Absorption with Radial Basis Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression Elaheh Konoz*, Amir H. M. Sarrafi, Aliyeh Fazli

Department of chemistry, Faculty of science, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran branch,

Tehran, Iran. Email: ela.fazli@gmail.com Abstract

Radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods were used to investigate the correlation between drug absorption and physicochemical descriptors for 90 drug compounds. The correlation coefficient between experimental and predicted drug absorption for training and test set by MLR and RBFNN is 0.769, 0.749 and 0.942, 0.926, respectively. The results show that non-linear RBFNN derives statistical models has better than prediction ability to those of MLR method. This indicates that RBFN can be used as modeling tool for quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) studies. P 069 The Investigation of essential oil of Vitex pseudo-

negund with different analytical methods: Hydrodistillation, solvent free microwave assisted extraction, head-space SPME and

microwave assisted head-space SPME Parviz Abroomand Azar*, Marzieh Torabbeigi,

Mohammad Saber Tehrani, Seyed Waqif Husain Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad

University, Tehran, Iran *corresponding address: pabroomand@yahoo.com Abstract

Various different analytical methods were used for extraction the essential oil of Vitex pseudo-negund and then analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The investigations testified that these analytical methods were able to extract different types of essential oil compounds. The microwave assisted methods were

50

more adequate for extraction oxygenated compounds and the head-space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) methods (with PDMS fiber) were more proper to isolate the non-polar (mono and sesquiterpenes) than hydrodistillation as a traditional method. Keywords: Vitex pseudo-negund, SFME, HS-SPME, MA-HS-SPME, hydrodistillation P 070

Quantitative analysis of Mebeverine in pharmaceutical dosage forms:

Development and Validation of flow injection Assay by HPLC method

Mehdi Rezaei 1, 2, *, Fahimeh Hokmabadi 3 1 Payam Noor University (PNU), Zanjan, Iran

2 FANDA Company, Researching and Development Center, Tehran, Iran

3 Faculty of Chemistry, Sabzevar University, Tarbiat Moalem Branch, Sabzevar, Iran

*Email: rezaeim61@yahoo.com Abstract

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of Mebeverine in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The assay involved an isocratic elution through Eclipse XOB C18 column (5 µm, 4.6 mm × 250 mm) using a mobile phase with composition of buffer (pH: 3 ± 0.05, disodium hydrogen phosphate) and acetonitril (40 : 60 v/v). The flow rate was 0.5 ml / min and the analyte monitored at wavelength of 263 nm.The assay method was found to be linear in the concentration range 20 to 80 µg / ml. All the parameters of validation were in the acceptance range. This developed method was successfully applied to estimate the amount of Mebeverine in the tablets. This proposed method was sensitive, accurate, repeatable and useful for the routine determination of Mebeverine in the tablets. Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Mebeverine, Pharmaceutical Dosage, validation P 071 Solid phase extraction of heavy metal ions with N-Hydroxy hexane amid as complexing agent

using silica gel for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometric

marzieh Ashori, Mahdi Hosseini, Nasser dalali* Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan university, Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser

dalali@yahoo.com Abstract

A method for separation/preconcentration of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Co (II) ions by micro-column filled with silica gel has been described. The method is based on the collection of analyte metal ions on a

silica gel and determination of analytes by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The method was optimized for several parameters including sapmle solution pH and sample volume. The recoveries of analytes were generally in the range of 94–101%. The detection limits by 3 sigma for analyte ions were 2.1 ng mL−1 for Cu (II) and Ni (II), 2.2 ng mL−1 for Co (II). The matrix effects with the method were reasonably tolerable by the comparison with some other preconcentration techniques in literature. The recoveries were quantitative (95–101%). The precision (RSD < 5%) and linear range about 5.0-2000 ng mL-1 for Cu and 10.0-1000 ng mL-1 for Ni and Co were obtained. Also the presented method is relatively rapid as compared with previously reported procedures for the enrichment of trace metal ions. The method is simple, accurate, and economical and can be applied for the determination of copper, nickel and cobalt in environmental samples. Keywords: Solid phase extraction, N-hydroxy hexane amid, silica gel. P 072

Preparation and evaluation of Cerium molybdate-polyacrylonitrile composite ion-exchanger for the removal of cesium- 137

radioisotope A.Nilchi *, S. Rasouli Garmarodi, R. Saberi

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Tehran, Iran

Email:anilchi@aeoi.org.ir

Abstract Cerium molybdate-polyacrylonitrile (CER-

PAN) was synthesized and used for the adsorption of 137Cs from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical behavior of the ion exchanger was specified with XRD, BET, and SEM techniques. The effects of pH, contact time and temperature on adsorption rate of CER-PAN were also studied and the optimum conditions obtained. In addition, thermodynamic parameters were evaluated during the adsorption. Keywords: 137Cs, Ion exchanger, Adsorption, Cerium molybdate, Polyacrylonitrile P 073

Fabrication of polymer-supported ammonium 12-molybdophosphate for 137Cs removal from

aqueous solutions A.Nilchi *, S. Rasouli Garmarodi, R. Saberi

Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Tehran, Iran

Email: anilchi@aeoi.org.ir Abstract

An organic–inorganic ion exchanger namely ammonium 12-molybdophosphate (AMP-PAN) was synthesized and used for the adsorption of 137Cs

51

from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical behavior of the ion exchanger was specified with XRD, BET, SEM techniques. The effects of pH and contact time on adsorption rate of AMP -PAN were also studied and the optimum conditions obtained. Adsorption isotherm in batch experiment showed that the sorption data were successfully fitted with Langmuir model. Keywords: 137Cs, Adsorption, Ammonium 12-molybdophosphate, Polyacrylonitrile P 074

Coupling stir-bar sorptive extraction - dispersive

liquid - liquid microextraction for preconcentration of triazole pesticides from

aqueous samples followed by GC-FID and GC-MS determination

Mir Ali Farajzadeh 1,*, Djavanshir Djozan 1, Nina Nouri 1, Mehdi Bamorowat 2, Mohammad Safi Shalamzari 3

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2GYAH Corporation, Garmdarreh, Tehran, Iran 3Research and Service Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Email: mafarajzadeh@yahoo.com and mafarajzadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir

Abstract

Stir bar sorptive extraction(SBSE) combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been developed as a new approach for the extraction of six triazole pesticides in aqueous samples prior to gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). A series of parameters that affect the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated. Moreover, the developed methodology was applied for the determination of target analytes in several aqueous samples. In short, by coupling SBSE with DLLME, advantages of two methods are combined to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity of the method. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, Stir bar sorptive extraction, Triazole pesticides, Gas chromatography. P 075

Separation and Identification of Volatile

Constituents of Xanthogalum purpurascence Ave-Lall by GC and GC/MS

Farah Assadian 1,*, Abdolhossein Rustaiyan 2, Pari Beirami 3, Shiva masoudi 1, and Firouzeh

Manouchehri 1 1Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch,

Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 1Department of Chemistry, Science & Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

*Corresponding author's Email: Farah_Assadian@yahoo.com

Abstract

Some plants have antiseptic or healing properties doesn't require a leap of faith. Plants do have powerful properties, some of them healing, and some of them damaging. Making essential oils is a way of condensing these properties and incorporating them into medicinal products. For example, eucalyptus oil has been used for years to clear airways in cases of flu, colds and congestion. The use of essential oils can help to maintain health, and complement conventional medicine, but not replace it, especially in the case of serious illnesses. However, they can relieve painful or irritating symptoms. The importance of medicinal plants induced us for this study. The composition of the essential oils from Umbelliferae species of Iran: Xanthogalum purpurascence obtained by hydrodistillation, and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. β-Phellandrene (20.1%) and β-Caryophyllene (11.3%) were the main components among the twenty-six constituents characterized in the oil of Xanthogalum purpurascence representing 83% of the total components detected. Keywords: Xanthogalum purpurascence, Essential oil composition, GC/MS, Umbelliferae. P 076 Simultaneous preconcentration of Cd and Pb by

on-line salt induced cloud point extraction: Application to trace determination by FAAS

Nasser Dalali*, Nasrin Javadi, Saeed Mohammad Nejad

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, 45195-313, Iran

* Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com Abstract

A cloud point extraction-flow injection procedure is proposed for on-line determination of trace amounts of Cd and Pb by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The analytes were complexed with O, O- Diethyl dithiophosphate (DDTP) and extracted by using Triton X-114 as non-ionic surfactant. After obtaining the cloud point, the surfactant-rich phase containing the metal complexes was collected in a mini-column packed with cotton wool. The complexes were then eluted by passing an ethanolic solution of 0.1 mol1l- HNO3 through the mini-column and carried into the nebulizer of flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 3-320 µg l-1 and 7-550 µg l-1 for Cd and Pb, respectively. The relative standard deviations of 1.8% and 1.5% (at 50 µg l-1Cd and 200 µg l-1Pb), detection limits of 0.45 and 1.8 µg l-1 (signal: noise = 3) for Cd and Pb were obtained, respectively. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of Cd and Pb in water and biological samples.

52

Keywords: Diethyldithiophosphate, On-line cloud point extraction, Cd, Pb P 077

Determination of sulforaphane from Brassica Oleracea seed using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography

Salman Sharifi-Mehr 1,1, Seyed-Naser Azizi 2, Mahdie Bazrafshan 1, Pourya Biparva 3

1 Institute of Rice and Citrus Research, University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources of Sari, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran P.O.Box #: 578 Fax: 0098-

151-3822577. Email address: sh_mehr@yahoo.com

2 Department of chemistry, University of Mazandaran- Babolsar, Iran, Postal cod: 47416-

95447, Fax: 0098-112-5342350. 3 Research Department of Chromatography, Iranian

Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran.

Abstract

Sulforaphane an isothiocyanate arise in Brassica oleracea family as a result of enzymatic cleavage of glucosinolates, when plant cells are injured. Brassica oleracea seed were defatted and enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates were carried out with phosphate buffer at pH=6.8 for 3 h. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with isocratic elution system using mixture of water and acetonitrile 60/40 (v/v) as mobile phase was used for isolation and determination of sulforaphane in Brassica oleracea seed. The highest and lowest amount of sulforaphane were found in broccoli ramoso calebres and cauliflower seed (557 and 10 µg/g dry weight), respectively. This method can be used for routine screening of plant materials that provides a reliable and robust technique for analysis of sulforaphane. Keywords: Sulforaphane, Brassica Oleracea, Glucosinolates, RP-HPLC P 078

Determination of some fatty acids in human plasma by gas chromatography- flame ionization

detection (GC-FID) through esterification by using tungstophosphoric acid as a green catalyst

Dr.Maleki, Dr.Akhond, Laleh Sharif* Chemistry Department , College of Sciences, Shiraz

University, Shiraz, Iran Email:laleh.sharif@gmail.com

Abstract

Gas chromatography (GC) has in recent times become an important tool for the fatty acid profiling of human blood and plasma. A new method for preparation of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) by using tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) as a new catalyst was introduced. The synthesized FAMEs were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography

(GC) to identify and quantify the individual fatty acid in human plasma. Various reaction parameters are investigated and optimized to achieve a reproducible derivatization procedure . This catalyst (H3PW12O40) is recyclable green Lewis acid and can be used at most five times in the present work. Quantitation was performed using methyl behenate as an internal standard. The tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) is a green catalyst, nonvolatile, stable and easy to handle. Keywords: Gas chromatography, Human plasma, Esterification, Tungstophosphoric acid, Green catalyst P 079 Esterification of some fatty acids in vegetable oils

by using tungstophosphoric acid as a green catalyst and determination by gas

chromatography- flame ionization detection Dr.Maleki, Dr.Akhond, Laleh Sharif*

Chemistry Department , College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Email:laleh.sharif@gmail.com

Abstract Gas chromatography is often the technique of

choice for analysing the composition of fatty acids in lipids. Fatty acids mostly occur as involatile triglycerides in vegetable oils, therefore their conversion into the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester derivatives (FAMEs) is crucial for successful GC analysis. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for preparation of FAMEs by using tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) as a green catalyst. In derivatization procedure, the temperature and time are the most important parameters which were previously optimized. This method can be used in routine determinations of fatty acids, not only because of its simplicity, regeneration of catalyst and economical use of reagents, but also it’s precision. Keywords: Gas chromatography, Vegetable oils, Esterification, Tungstophosphoric acid, Green catalyst P 080

Analysis and Comparison of Chemical Composition of Essential Oils

from Stachys byzantina C.Koch. Wet and Dried. Hassan Habibzadeh a, Farshid Salimi a , Ali

Shafaghat a*, Farid Brenjiyan a, Mahdi Mohammad Alizadeh a

and Vahid Amani a a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran. Email:hassan352@yahoo.com

Abstract

Hydrodistillation of dried and wet of Stachys byzantina C.Koch. (Lamiaceae) yielded 0.1% and

53

0.08 %( v/w) essential oils, respectively. GC/MS analysis allowed identification of 33 components, which made up 93.2% of the total oil from the dried sample, and 20 compounds (96.1%) were identified in the wet aerial part of plant. The main components of the dried sample oil were p- cymene(13.3%), α- copaene(9.5%), thymol(9.3%), valeranone(8.2%), β- cubebene(7.2%), germacrene- d (6.4%)and germacrene- b (5.2%). In the oil from wet sample, the main constituents were β- cubebene (16.1%), germacrene- d (14.4%), valeranone( 12.5%), cedrene-13- ol- 8(11.1%), β- elemene( 7.8%), β- pinene(5.8%) and α- bisabolol(5.7%). Keywords: Stachys byzantina, Lamiaceae, essential oil, p- cymene, α- copaene, β- cubebene P 081

Highly Selective Transport and Extraction of Silver (I) Cation across a Bulk Liquid Membrane

Containing an Acyclic Thioether Ligand as Carrier

Elham Fahmideh-Rad*, Gholam Hossein Rounaghi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,

Mashhad, Iran Email: elham_fahmideh@yahoo.com

Abstract

A 1,2-dichloroethane bulk liquid membrane (BLM) system containing a new synthetic acyclic thioether ligand, i.e. 2,9-dihydroxy-1,10-diphenoxy-4,7-dithia decane; (C20H26O4S2), and palmitic acid was used for highly selective and efficient transport of Ag+ cation. The transport process was maintained by the buffering the source and receiving phases. For these systems that displayed transport behaviour, sole selectivity for Ag+ cation was observed under the employed experimental conditions in this investigation. In the presence of thiosulfate ion (S2O3

2-) as suitable metal ion acceptor in the receiving phase, the amount of Ag+ cation transported across the liquid membrane after 4 hours was (90.2 ± 2.0%). The membrane solvents include: 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE), chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (DCM), nitrobenzene (NB) and nitromethane (NM). The results show that the sequence of transport efficiency for Ag+ cation in organic solvents is: 1,2-DCE > CHCl3 > DCM > NB > NM. The experimental variables such as the concentration of carrier in the membrane phase, the nature and concentration of fatty acids in the membrane phase, the nature and concentration of the stripping agents in the receiving phase, receive phase volume and the effect of other parameters such as pH of source and receiving phases and the time of transport were optimized in order to achieve the highest transport efficiency of a 5×10-4M solution of Ag+ cation across the bulk liquid membrane systems. The proposed transport method is simple, rapid, selective, and reproducible compared with the other methods of separation.

Keywords: liquid membrane transport, Ag+ cation, acyclic thioether ligand P 082

A Liquid-Liquid Extraction Technique with Water-Soluble Organic Solvents by Adding

Inorganic Salts for Extraction of Methylene Blue and Sunset Yellow

Reza S. Razmara, Ali Daneshfar*, Reza Sahraei Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Ilam, Ilam, I.R. Iran

Email: adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir

Abstract In this research work a simple water-miscible

organic solvent liquid-liquid extraction method was developed and applied for the determination of methylene blue and sunset yellow in waste water samples. The method was based on salt-induced liquid-liquid extraction. The influences of effective parameters such as salt (type and concentration), phase volume ratio, and pH of sample solution were studied and optimized. Under optimized experimental conditions, calibration plots were found to be linear in the range of 0.2-7 mg L-1 for methylene blue and 0.4-15 mg L-1 for sunset yellow, with coefficient of determinations more than 0.996. The limits of detection were 0.06 and 0.07 mg L-1 for methylene blue and sunset yellow, respectively. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of analytes in spiked waste water samples with satisfactory results. The relative recoveries of spiked water samples ranged over 97.8-106.0 %, with relative standard deviations varying from 1.4 to 3.8%. Keywords: Water-miscible solvent, Methylene blue, Sunset yellow, Liquid-liquid extraction P 083

Extraction of Formic Acid from Aqueous Solutions Using Tri-n-butyl Phosphate in Water-

miscible and Water-immiscible Diluents Reza S. Razmara, Ali Daneshfar*, Reza Sahraei Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Ilam, Ilam, I.R. Iran

Email: adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir

Abstract In present work, extraction of formic acid was

studied from aqueous solutions using water-miscible (acetonitrile) and water-immiscible (ethyl acetate) organic diluents containing various tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) concentration over the temperature range of (293 to 335) K. The concentrations of formic acid were analyzed by titration method. The diluents had a significant influence on the equilibrium. Equilibrium parameters such as distribution coefficients, loading ratio, and degree of extraction were presented. The data obtained are useful in understanding the equilibrium

54

characteristics and efficient design of the recovery process of formic acid by reactive extraction.

Keywords: Formic acid, Liquid-liquid extraction, Distribution coefficient, Extraction efficiency

P 084

Simultaneous determination of formaldehyde and methyl tert-butyl ether in water matrices

using static headspace-GC/MS M. Shamsipur a,*, A. A. Miran Beigi a, b, M.

Teymouri b, T. Poursaberi b and P. Soleimani b a Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University,

Kermanshah, Iran b Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI),

Tehran, Iran Email: miranbeigiaa@ripi.ir ;

amiranbeigi@yahoo.com

Abstract The present study describes a method based on

static headspace-extraction (HS) followed by GC/MS for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of MTBE and formaldehyde in water matrices. To enhance the extraction capability of the HS, extraction parameters such as extraction temperature, extraction time, the ratio of headspace volume to sample volume and sodium chloride concentration have been optimized. Good linearity was verified in a range of 5-10000 µg/L for MTBE (r=0.9998), while those for HCHO was 5-500 µg/L (r=0.9996). Detection limits for MTBE and HCHO was 0.2 µg/L and 0.3 µg/L, respectively. Best results were obtained when the analyzed water samples were heated to 70 ◦C for 20 min, with the sample volume 10 mL in 20 mL vial, and NaCl 30% (w/v) was used to saturate the samples. The proposed analytical method was successfully used for the quantification of selected analytes in environmental water samples.

Keywords: Formaldehyde; MTBE; Static headspace-GC/MS; Water matrices

P 085

Solid Phase Extraction of Ketoconazole and Clotrimazole Residues in Milk for Food Safety

Applications UFarzaneh Ahmad Khan BeigiUP 1P*, Mohammad

ImaniP 1P, Mahmood PayehghadrP 2P, Seyed Hedayat HosseiniP 3P

1. Novel Drug Delivery Systems Dept., Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O.Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran. 2. Payame Noor University (PNU),

Karaj, Iran. 3. National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition

Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

A simple confirmatory method for isolation and determination of Ketoconazole (KET) and

Clotrimazole (CLO) in raw milk using solid phase extraction (SPE) and HPLC-UV is presented. Imidazole residues in raw milk were extracted by ethanol and further cleaned up and concentrated using SPE cartridges. Finally, concentration of the analytes was determined using a validated HPLC method. Important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized in detail. Under the optimum conditions, limit of detection was 0.01µg.mLP-1P for both KET and CLO. Satisfactory spiked recoveries were obtained in the range of 95.9-101.78%. Keywords: Solid Phase Extraction (SPE), Drug residue, Milk, HPLC P 086 (Liquid + liquid) equilibria for ternary mixtures

of (water +butyric acid + organic solvents) at T=298.2K

N. Dastmoozeh 1,*, H. Ghanadzadeh 1,2

A.Ghanadzadeh 1 1Department of Chemistry, University of Guilan,

41335 Rash, Iran 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of

Guilan, Rasht, Iran Email:n.dastmoozeh@yahoo.com

Abstract

Tie-line data for ternary system of {ware (1) +butyric acid (2) +organic solvents (diethyl adipate, diethyl succinate and diethyl glutarate)} were determined at atmospheric pressure and 298.2K. The experimental tie-lines values were also compared with those calculated by the UNIQUAC models. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were evaluated over the immiscibility regions and a comparison of the extracting capabilities of the solvents was made with respect to distribution coefficients and separation factors.

Keywords: LLE data; UNIQUAC model; Extraction processes P 087

A simple and rapid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for determination of N-

methylpyrrolidine in cefepime Mir Ali Farajzadeh 1,*, Leila Goushjuii 1, Yousef

Bashour 2

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz,Tabriz, Iran

2Daana Pharmaceutical Company, Tabriz, Iran Email: mafarajzadeh@yahoo.com;

mafarajzadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir Abstract

A simple, rapid and efficient sample pre-treatment technique, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) has been developed to determine N-

55

methylpyrolidine (NMP) in cefepime. The effect of various experimental factors on the extraction procedure such as the nature and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, extraction time, the nature of buffer and its pH, and salt effect were investigated, optimized and the following results were obtained: chloroform as extraction solvent, a mixture of methanol : water (88:12, v/v) as dispersive solvent as well as solvent for dissolving cefepime, and NaCl 30% (w/v) for the adjustment of ionic strength in carbonate/bicarbonate buffer. The optimized conditions were applied to the real sample (cefepime) for the extraction and determination of NMP. The calibration graph was linear from 0.2 to 850 µg mL-1 with the square of correlation coefficient 0.999. Limits of detection and quantification in solution were 6.4 and 21.2 µg L-1, respectively. They were 0.2 and 0.6 µg g-1 in cefepime powder, respectively, using sample size 100 mg. Repeatability of the method was good and the relative standard deviation (RSD %) for six repeated experiments (C=170 µg mL-1) was 6.35 %. Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction/ Gas chromatography/ N-methylpyrolidine/ Cefepime P 088

Investigation of different linear and nonlinear methods for modeling of retention time of phenol

derivatives from structure Zahra Garkani-Nejad* and Mohammad Ahmadvand Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-

Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran Email: garakani@mail.vru.ac.ir

Abstract

Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship (QSRR) studies were performed for predicting the gas chromatographic retention times of a series of phenol derivatives on HP5 as a nonpolar stationary phase. Calculated descriptors were used to build QSRR models. Partial least squares (PLS) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) were used as linear modeling methods. Selected descriptors using MLR model were used as inputs for artificial neural networks with different weight update functions including Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation network (LM-ANN), resilient back propagation network (RP-ANN) and variable learning rate algorithm (GDX-ANN). The selected descriptors including ionization potential, final heat of formation, total energy, and positive partial charge have significant role in the assessment of the retention times of phenol derivatives. Obtained results indicated that developed models using nonlinear approaches such as ANNs has better prediction ability than linear MLR and PLS models. The stability and the validity of models have been tested by external validation set. Keywords: Retention time; Phenol derivatives; Artificial neural networks

P 089 Solid phase extraction of heavy metal ions with N-Hydroxy hexane amid as complexing agent

using silica gel for determination by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy

Hadi Habibi, Mahdi Hosseini, Saeed mohammadnejad, Nasser dalali*

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan university, Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser

dalali@yahoo.com Abstract

A method for separation/preconcentration of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Co (II) ions by micro-column filled with silica gel has been described. The method is based on the collection of analyte metal ions on a silica gel and determination of analytes by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The method was optimized for several parameters including sapmle solution pH and sample volume. The recoveries of analytes were generally in the range of 94–101%. The detection limits by 3 sigma for analyte ions were 2.1 ng mL−1 for Cu (II) and Ni (II), 2.2 ng mL−1 for Co (II). The matrix effects with the method were reasonably tolerable by the comparison with some other preconcentration techniques in literature. The recoveries were quantitative (95–101%). The precision (RSD < 5%) and linear range about 5.0-2000 ng mL-1 for Cu and 10.0-1000 ng mL-1 for Ni and Co were obtained. Also the presented method is relatively rapid as compared with previously reported procedures for the enrichment of trace metal ions. The method is simple, accurate, and economical and can be applied for the determination of copper, nickel and cobalt in environmental samples.

Keywords: Solid phase extraction, N-hydroxy hexane amid, silica gel, Flame atiomic absorption spectroscopy. P 090

A highly sensitive head space gas chromatographic method for determination of

mono and dichloroacetic acid in betaine samples by an ethanol esterification

with Pd nanoparticles Behrouz Akbari-adergani*1, Minoo Sefidsiahbandi

2, Leila Haji-agha Babaei 2, Maryam Shekarchi 1 1- Food and Drug Laboratories Research Center,

Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

*Email: fdanalysis@fdo.ir 2- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Islamic

Azad University, Shahre-Rey Branch, Shahre-Rey, Iran

Abstract A new, sensitive and robust method was

developed for determination of ultra trace amount of

56

mono and dichloroacetic acid in betaine media. An ethanol esterification reaction catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles in a head space (HS) vial followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was applied for the determination of monochloroacetic acid (MCA) and dichloroacetic acid (DCA) in betaine samples. The effects of various parameters on the sensitivity of the method were investigated. The best performance was obtained with an analytical headspace auto sampler coupled with a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector. The ethanol esterification reaction was based on palladium nano particles as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst with very high surface to volume ratio. The best conditions including, a 60 m × 0.32 mm I.D. × 0.25 µm CP-sil 5CB capillary column, nitrogen as carrier gas, 20 min stirring in 120 ◦C as optimized incubation time and temperature and finally 0.4% w/w for concentration of Pd nanoparticles in betaine sample. The detection limits (LOD) of MCA and DCA are 0.1 and 0.18 µg.ml-1, respectively. This method has the requisite accuracy, sensitivity, precision and selectivity to assay MCA and DCA in betaine samples. Keywords: Betaine, Monochloroacetic acid, Dichloroacetic acid, Head-space, Pd nanoparticles P 091

Evaluation of ionophoric characters of some recently synthesized Calix [4] resorcinarenes by

liquid-liquid extraction method Nasser Dalali*, Farhad Gharebaghi

Phase separation &FIA Lab. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, 45195-313, Iran * Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

A liquid-liquid extraction procedure has been used for the evaluation of two newly synthesized Calix [4] resorcin arenes with ester and amide functionality (L1and L2) as macro cyclic ionophores. Metal ions including Ca (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Zn (II), Cu (II), Fe (III), and Ag (I) was tested for this purpose. The influence of different parameters such as pH of sample solution, concentration of L1 and L2, salt effect, and solvent type were investigated. L1 showed maximum extraction yield for Ca (II) at pH 6, while Ag (I) could be extracted only 20% in the pH range of 5-8, and extraction of other metal ions was negligible. L2 could extract Ca (II) at pH6 and Ag (I) at pH 7-8 with the highest possible yield. The extraction of other metals was still negligible. It is concluded that L1 is more selective towards Ca (II). The stoichiometry of the extracted complexes in both cases (L1 and L2 were found to be 1: 4, ligand: metal ratio. The thermodynamic functions (∆H˚, ∆S˚ and ∆G˚) were obtained by temperature variation method. It was found that extraction process with both L1 and L2 is exothermic.

Keywords: Calix [4] resorcin arene, Liquid-liquid extraction, Silver ion, P 092

Synthesis and application of Calix [4] resorcinarene hydroxamic acid for solvent extraction of La (III), Th (IV) and UO 2

2+ Nasser Dalali*, Farhad Gharebaghi

Phase separation &FIA Lab. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, 45195-313, Iran * Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

In the presented work a macro cyclic ligand, calyx resorcinarene was synthesized and was substituted by hydroxamic acid functional group to improve its complex formation and extraction properties. In order to investigate its extractive behavior, some lanthanides and actinides, La (III), Th (VI) and UO2

2+ were selected as representative metal ions. The influence of fundamental parameters affecting the efficiency of extraction, including pH, equilibration time, organic solvent and ligand concentration were investigated and discussed. The order of extraction and solvent effect were as UO2

2+>Th>La and dichloromethane>ethyl acetate>toluene, respectively. The optimum pH was 6, 4, and 8 for UO2

2+, Th and La respectively. The quantitative extraction of all three target ions was obtained with 5×10-3 M ligand in dichloromethane. Keywords: Solvent extraction; Calix[4]Resorcinarene-hydroxamic acid; Lanthanides; Actinides P 093 Temperature-controlled dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction using ionic liquid for determination of chromium (VI) by electro thermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Fereshteh Nemmatollahi a, Kambiz Larijani b, Fariba Zamani Hargalani b, Faezeh Shafaei a٭and

Shahrzad Abdolmohammadi a a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, East Tehran Branch of Islamic Azad

University,b Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Scince and Research Branch

of Islamic Azad University Email: Faezehshafaei@yahoo.com

Abstract

A method based on temperature-controlled dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (TC-DLLME) combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was developed for preconcentration and determination of chromium (VI). In the proposed method, ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC), room temperature ionic liquid, 1-hexyl3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C6MIM][PF 6]

57

and methanol were employed as chelating agent, extraction and disperser solvent respectively. In this procedure, the hydrophobic complex of Cr (VI)-APDC extracted into fine droplets of [C6MIM][PF 6], which was dispersed completely into the aqueous phase under controlled-temperature and in presence of a dispersive solvent. Some variables influencing the microextraction and complex formation, including type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH of the sample solution, extraction time, temperature and amount of chelating agent were investigated. Under optimized conditions, enrichment factor 194.8 was achieved for Cr (VI). The detection limit was 10.0 ng L-1, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) of the method was 3.02 % (n =10, c=20ngL-

1).The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of chromium (VI) in water samples. Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; Ionic liquids; Chromium (VI); ETAAS P 094 Study of Competitive Transport of Metal Cations

through Bulk Liquid Membrane Using Macrocyclic Ligands as Carriers

Malihe Sadat Hosseiny 1,* Gholam Hossein Rounaghi 2

1 Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.

2 Department of Chemistry, Factulty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

The competitive metal ion transport experiments of cupper(II), cobalt(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II), silver(I), chromium(III) and lead(II) were carried out by 4'-nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 (NB18C6) and diaza-18-crown-6 (DA18C6) as carrier in organic membrane phase. The source phase contained equimolar concentrations of metal ions at pH 5 and the receiving phase being buffered at pH 3. Fluxes and selectivities for competitive metal cations transport across bulk liquid membranes by the lipophilic crown ethers have been determined in a variety of chlorinated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents. The membrane solvents include: dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CHCl3), 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE), nitrobenzene (NB), chloroform- nitrobenzene (CHCl3-NB) and chloroform- dichloromethane (CHCl3-DCM). The obtained results show that the selectivity and efficiency of transport for these heavy metal cations change with the nature of the ligand and also the organic solvents, which were used as liquid membrane in these experiments. Although a good selectivity was observed for lead(II) cation by 4'-nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 in all membrane systems, but the most transport rate for this cation was obtained in DCM. Also, no transport was observed for these metal cations by diaza-18-crown-6 in all membrane systems. A linear

relationship was observed between the transport rate of lead(II) cation by 4'-nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 and the composition of CHCl3-DCM binary solution, but a non-linear behavior was found in the case of CHCl3-NB binary solution. The influence of the stearic, palmetic and oleic acids as surfactant in the membrane phase on the transport of metal cations was also investigated. P 095

Determination of Imidazole-based Antifungal Residues in Milk by Liquid Chromatography:

Screening Method Development and Validation Afsoon Pajand Birjandi 1, Mohammad Imani 1, Morteza Pirali Hamedani 2, Hedayat Hosseini 3

1. Novel Drug Delivery Systems Dept., Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O.Box 14965-115,

Tehran, Iran. 2. Medicinal Chemistry Dept., Pharmacy Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. National Nutrition &

Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical science

P.O. Box 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran Abstract

The objective of the current study was to develop a simple, accurate, precise and rapid reversed-phase HPLC method and its subsequent validation according to the ICH guidelines for screening of clotrimazole (CLO) and ketoconazole (KET) in the pasteurized bovine milk. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax C18 (particle size = 5µm, 250×4.6 mm) column using UV detection at 212 nm. The optimized mobile phase was consisted of acetonitrile-sodium acetate buffer (85:15 v/v), pumped isocratically at the flow rate 1 ml.min-1. Retention times were 3.2 and 4.1 min for KET and CLO, respectively. The developed method was fully validated. Correlation coefficients (r) of the regression equations were greater than 0.999 in all of the cases. Precision of the method was demonstrated using intra and inter-day assay RSD values which were less than 4% in both instances. No interference from any components of pharmaceutical dosage forms or degradation products was observed. Keywords: Liquid Chromatography, Method Development, Validation. P 096

Comparison of dispersive liquid–liquid

microextraction and hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of narcotic drugs in biological samples by HPLC-

DAD Mohammad Saraji*, Maliheh Khalili Boroujeni,

A.A. Hajialiakbari Bidgoli Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran Email: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir

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Abstract In this study, DLLME and HF-LLLME coupled

with RP-HPLC-DAD was applied for simultaneous extraction and determination of three narcotic drugs in biological samples. The studied analytes were alfentanil, fentanyl and sufentanil. In the both methods, the effects of several important parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. The effects of type and volume of the extraction solvent and the disperser solvent, concentration of NaOH, and salt addition were investigated for DLLME. In HF-LLLME the effects of organic solvent type, concentration of NaOH as donor solution, concentration of H2SO4 as acceptor phase, salt addition, stirring rate, temperature, and extraction time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were ranged from 0.4 to 1.9 µg/L for DLLME and 1.4 to 2.3 µg/L for HF-LLLME. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (DLLME) were in the range of 1.7-6.4 % and 14.2-15.9 %, respectively, and for HF-LLLME were in the range of 0.7-5.2 % and 3.3-10.1 %. The enrichment factors ranged from 275-325 (DLLME) and 190-237 (HF-LLLME). The applicability of the proposed methods was demonstrated by analyzing biological samples (plasma and urine). Keywords: DLLME, HF-LLLME, Narcotic Drugs, HPLC-DAD, Biological Samples. P 097

Simultaneous Extraction and Determination of lead, Cadmium and Copper in Rice Samples by a New Microextraction Technique; Hollow Fiber

Supported Sol-gel / Modified Carbon Nanotube Hybrid

Combined with Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Zarrin Es’haghi* ,Maryam Khalili,Zohreh Rezaeifar Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Payame Noor University, Mashhad, Iran Email: zeshaghi@wali.um.ac.ir

Abstract

In this research the Simultaneous extraction of heavy metals in rice were carried out using a novel solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique namely functionalized carbon nanotube reinforced sol-gel in hallow fiber (MWCNT-HF-SPME). Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) is applied to simultaneous determination of lead, cadmium and copper in rice samples. Determination of the elements was made in acetate buffer (pH= 5) by Hanging Mercury Dropping Electrode (HMDE). In this new technique samples of the sol containing carbon nanotube were prepared by the sol-gel method via the reaction of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) with an acidic catalyst (HCl). Afterward this sol was injected into a polypropylene hallow fiber for insitu gelation process. The other different

parameters that affected the microextraction process such as pH of the aqueous solution, extraction time, aqueous sample volume ,agitation speed, the role of carbon nanotube (as-grown MWCNT and functionalized) and time on the fiber performance desorption condition were studied and optimized. Keywords: Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Solid-Phase Microextraction, Sol-gel, Carbon nanotube , Hallow fibr, Anodic Stripping Voltammetry P 098

Separation and Determination of Medium Lanthanides: A New Experiment with Use of Ion-Exchange Separation and Fast Fourier Transform Continuous Cyclic Voltammetry Mohammad Reza Pourjavid,1 Parviz Norouzi, 2 Mohammad Reza Ganjali, 2 Ali Reza Khanchi,1

1) NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEOI, P. O. Box 11365-3486, Tehran

2) Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran

Abstract

Separation of medium lanthanides (Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+ and Dy3+) on Nucleosil 100-5-SA (an ionexchange column) in the presence of α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) as an elution agent was investigated. Determinations were performed by Fast Fourier Transform Continuous Cyclic Voltammetry (FFT-CCV) in a flowing solution. It should be stressed that this technique is: simple, precise, accurate, time saving and economical. The influence of HIBA concentration and pH of the eluent was studied. The best performance obtained was at; pH 4.0, scan rate 30 V/s, accumulation potential -300 mV, and accumulation time 0.3 s. The proposed method displays a linear dynamic range between 0.26-23 mg/L and a detection limit of 0.08 mg/L. Precision, inter-day precision and accuracy of the assay have been presented. Keywords: Medium lanthanides, α-hydroxyisobutyricacid, Flow injection, Continuous Cyclic Voltammetry P 099

Determination of Narcotic Drugs in Biological Samples using Two-phase Hollow Fibre Liquid

Phase Microextraction followed by Gas Chromatography-Nitrogen Phosphorus Detector

Mohammad Saraji*, Maliheh Khalili Boroujeni Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran Email: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract

The use of hollow fibre membrane microextraction in analytical chemistry has been increasing, as the technique is a simple and efficient method for the extraction from complex matrices .In

59

this study, HF-LPME coupled with GC-NPD was applied for the extraction and determination of three narcotic drugs in biological samples. In the two-phase HF-LPME, the effects of several important parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated. Organic solvent type, concentration of NaOH as donor solution, salt addition, stirring rate, temperature, extraction time, and H2 flow for NPD detector were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were between 0.03 and 0.06 µg/L. Both the intra-day and inter-day precisions were under 10 %. The enrichment factors ranged from 100-140. The applicability of the proposed methods was demonstrated by analyzing biological samples (plasma and urine). Keywords: Tow Phase-HF-LPME, Narcotic Drugs, HPLC_DAD, Biological samples. P 100

Ligandless-ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction followed by inductively coupled

plasma-optical emission spectrometry for simultaneous determination of heavy metals with

multivariate optimization using Box-Behnken design

Maryam Karimi, Hassan Sereshti*, Vahid Khojeh Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, Group of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Email: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir Abstract

In this study, Ligandless ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction (LL-USAEME) followed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of Mn, Cd, Co and Ni in water samples. Extraction solvent was selected by one variable at a time method . Effective parameters such as salt concentration, pH, temperature, volume of extraction solvent and extraction time were studied by a fractional factorial design (25-1) to identify important parameters and interactions. It was found that the effect of temperature on the extraction recovery was insignificant. Therefore, the experiments were performed at laboratory temperature . In the next step, a Box-Behnken design was applied for optimization of important parameters. Under the optimized conditions, detection limit was 0.13-0.28 µg L-1, relative standard deviation was 3.4-7.5% (n=9), and linear dynamic ranges was , 0.25-1000 µg L-1. Keywords: Ligandless-Ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction, Box-Behnken design, heavy metals. P 101

Carbon nanotubes assisted hollow fiber solid phase microextraction: A novel pre-

concentration method based on sol-gel technique for determination of some nitro aromatics in

environmental samples Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi 1, 2, Zarrin Es’haghi 1*

1Chemistry Department-Faculty of Sciences- Payame Noor University-Mashhad-Iran

2Chemistry Department-Faculty of Sciences-Islamic Azad University-Gorgan Branch-Gorgan-Iran

Email: z_eshaghi@pnu.ac.ir Abstract

Hollow fiber solid–phase microextraction (HF-SPME) was developed with incorporation of carbon nanotubes into sol-gel for the determination of nitro aromatics in environmental samples. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in TEOS sol was held into the lumen of a porous fiber to form gel. All microextraction experiments were supported using an Accurel Q3/2 polypropylene hollow fiber membrane (600 µm I.D., 200 µm wall thicknesses, and 0.2 µm pore size). The experimental setup was very simple and highly affordable. The hollow fiber was disposable, so single use of the fiber reduced the risk of cross-contamination and carry-over problems. For increasing the extraction efficiency, a new pre-treatment method was used before HPLC injection. A quartz pre-heating trap was surrounded by an electric coil which was designed for on-line desorption of extracted analyts. The proposed method allowed very effective and enriched recuperation of analytes in a single stage. In order to obtain high enrichment and efficiency, main effective parameters were optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity (0.5–1000 ng/mL), repeatability, low limits of detection (0.1 ng/mL) and excellent pre-concentration (EF = 7281). Keywords: Carbon nanotubes, Sol-gel, Microextraction, HF-SPME, Nitro aromatics P 102

Selective transport of atenolol via bulk liquid

membrane: application of molecularly imprinted polymer particles as selective carrier elements

Taher Alizadeh*a, Neda Memarbashi a

a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil, Iran Email :Alizadeh @ uma.ac.ir

Abstract

Molecularly imprinted polymers containing recognition cavities for atenolol was synthesized according to precipitation procedure. Then it was used as a carrier element in the bulk liquid membrane (BLM). The atenolol transport capability of the MIP was evaluated and the results were compared with that of NIP. It was proved that MIP could transport atenolol more than corresponding NIP.Also, the MIP particles modified with alkyl chains were applied as the carrier in the described (BLM). It was shown that the modified form of MIP

60

had better transport capability toward atenolol in comparison to MIP particles. in order to test the selectivity of MIP and modified MIP for the target molecule transportation, the capability of these carriers for carrying salbutamol as an analogue of atenolol through the membrane was checked. The results were shown very noticeably selectivity of membrane for atenolol. Keywords : Molecularly imprinted polymers ; atenolol; bulk liquid membrane P 103

Determination of cadmium by ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in water

samples M. Kamalabadi-Farahani 1, M. Rajabi*1, M.R.Jamali

2, A. Asghari 1

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University,Semnan 35195-363 Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

*Email: mrajabi@semnan.ac.ir Abstract

In this work, a new micro extraction method termed ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction (IL-DLLME) for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in water samples has been described. An appropriate mixture of acetone (disperser solvent) and IL (extraction solvent) was injected rapidly into a water sample containing Cd. After extraction, sedimented phase was analyzed by AAS. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) was 5.0 µg L-1.The relative standard deviations (R.S.D., n = 5) was 1.9%. P 104 Modification of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles

by thiourea as a new adsorbent for Cd2+ ions removal from wastewater

Masoomeh Emadi and Esmaeil Shams* Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan, I.R. Iran Email: e_shams@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

In the present work, silica coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2) magnetic nanoparticles modified by thiourea (thiourea-MNPs) was synthesized and employed as a unique adsorbent to remove toxic Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and CHNS analysis. The adsorption properties of magnetic nanoparticles toward Cd2+ ions were evaluated. Various factors affecting the uptake behavior such as contact time, pH and initial concentration of the metal ions were investigated. The adsorption kinetics followed the mechanism of the pseudo-second-order equation. Equilibrium studies show that Cd2+ adsorption data follow Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity

(qmax) for Cd2+ ions was estimated to be 250 mg/g. The adsorbent was regenerated by 0.05M EDTA solution. The high stability and recovery capacity of the proposed modified magnetic nanoparticles suggest that these novel magnetic nanoadsorbents have potential applications for removing Cd2+ from wastewater. P 105

Development of dispersive liquid – liquid microextraction by use of ionic liquids for the

separation and determination ultra trace amounts of Ni ions.

Samane Moradi 1, Ali Mirabi ∗ 1, Majid Moradian 1, Mohammad Reza Jamali 2

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

Email: samaneh_moradi_2010@yahoo.com Abstract

A new method was developed for the determination of nickel in water samples using ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The IL-DLLME procedure is free of volatile organic solvents, and there is no need for a dispersive solvent, in contrast to conventional DLLME. The ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluromethylsolfonyl) imide, was rapidly injected by syringe into the water sample containing nickel ions and 1.0 × 10-3 mol L-1 PAN like a cloud. At this stage, a hydrophobic nickel – PAN complex was formed and extracted into the fine droplets of ionic liquid. After centrifugation, the concentration of the enriched nickel in the sedimented phase was determined by FAAS. Some effective parameters of the complex formation and microextraction, such as the concentration of the chelating agent, the pH, the volume of the extraction solvent, the extraction time, and the salt effect, have been optimized. Under optimal conditions, a high extraction efficiency and selectivity were reached for the extraction of 1.0 µg of nickel in 5.0 mL of water solution employing 100 µL of ionic liquid as the extraction solvent. The enrichment factor of the method is 50. The detection limit was 1.2 µg L−1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 10 replicates of 50 µg L−1 Ni was 1.5%. The method was applied to the analysis of tap, well, river, and lake water samples and the Environmental Water . The recoveries of spiked samples were in the range of 94 –102%. Keywords: ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME), Preconcentration, nickel, Water sample, FAAS. P 106 Determination of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Micro

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extraction by Gas Sensor Based on Nanostructure Conducting Polypyrrole as GC

Detector Sajad Pirsa , Naader Alizadeh* Email: alizaden@modares.ac.ir

Department of Chemistry, Factually of Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box 14115-175,

Tehran, Iran

Abstract In this work electrically conductive fiber sensor

(CFS) have been prepared by vapor deposition polymerization of pyrrole on surfaces of commercial polymer fiber in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaSDS) as an anion dopant. The morphology of the polypyrrole (PPy) conducting film on the surface of the fibers was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The sensing behavior of PPy-DS in the presence of benzene(B), ethyl benzene(E), toluene(T) 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB), and some other volatile organic compounds are studied experimentally. The PPy-DS had demonstrated fast response time (<1s), sensitive for BTE and TMB with good reproducibility when reused. The sensitivity of the PPy-DS-CFS for various organic hydrocarbons were in the following order: BTE, TMB > RH > ROH > Acetone > Acetonitrile > Chloroform. The performance PPy-DS–CFS as a detector in gas chromatography for determination of BTE and TMB in water samples is illustrated by using liquid–liquid micro extraction (DLLME) as a preconcentration method. P 107

Trace determination of bisphenol A in water

samples using ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with HPLC-FLD

Parvin Haji Koohkamar a, Ramin Maleki b and Khalil Farhadi 1a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

b Research Department of Chromatography, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture &

Research (ACECR), Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran 1 Corresponding author, Fax: 441-3450755. Email

address: khalil.farhadi@yahoo.com Abstract

A simple and sensitive method based on ultrasound assisted liquid-liquid microextraction in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography-florimetric detection has been developed for the extraction and determination of bisphenol A in water samples. The effect of extraction solvent (nature and volume), pH value of sample solution, extraction time and extraction temperature were investigated. Under the optimal conditions the linear dynamic range of bisphenol A was from 0.5 to 50.0 µg L-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9951 and a detection limit of 0.25 µg L-1. The relative standard deviation was less than 5.4% (n=5) and the recovery values were in the range of 92-103%. Finally the proposed method was

successfully applied for the study of bisphenol A release from baby bottles.

P 108

Solid phase desorption -Fast gas chromatography - low Flow ion mobility

spectrometry as a field screening detection A.H. Alinoori*, A. Torab pour, A. Ghorashi, S.

Hajialigol Detector group, Isfahan Engineering Research Center, Engineering Research Institute, Isfahan, I.R.

Email: ahalinoori@yahoo.co.uk Abstract

Potential of solid phase desorption (SPD) - Fast gas chromatography (GC) - Low Flow ion mobility spectrometry (LF-IMS) which designed and constructed in Isfahan Engineering research center, Detector group, investigate for chemical detection capabilities. Configuration of Fast GC - IMS as a

high technology customized to provide unique solutions for rapid detection of the broad range of chemical mixture in many operational environments. In this paper a quantitative method for separation and determination a solid mixture of explosive compounds, by employing a novel, simple and rapid extraction device by means of SPD and high sensitive Fast GC-low flow IMS is described. This Configuration provides fast and easily applied method for direct detection with no additional sample preparation or extraction. The time required for total analysis, less than 300 sec., is determined by the wide range of solid matrixes, including nitrate esters, nitroaromatics, and a nitramine. The fast extraction, separation time limits degradation of the thermally labile compounds and decreases the peak widths, which results in larger peak intensities and a simultaneous improvement in detection limits. The combination of short analysis time and low detection limits make this method a potential candidate for field screening techniques. P 109

Solid-phase extraction system for Co (II) ions enrichment in plant and water samples based on

multiwall carbon nanotubes coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry

N. Sarlak*1,2, Sh. Amani 1, Ali Reza Zarei 3, Reza pourrahim 4

1Department of chemistry, Faculty of science, University of Lorestan, Khorram Abad, Iran

2Jahad Engineering Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. Iran

3Faculty of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran,I.

R. Iran 4Department of Plant Virus Research, Plant Pets and Diseases Research Institute (PPDRI), Ewin-

Tabnak 19395-1454, Tehran, I.R. Iran Email: sarlak.n@gmail.com

62

Abstract The present paper proposes the application of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a solid sorbent for cobalt preconcentration coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In the first step a set of experiments was designed for preconcentration procedure. A factorial, central composite design (CCD) for four factors with replicates at the center point and star points was used. The CCD contained a total of 31 experimental trials and obtained data after solid phase extraction procedure for these 31 states were the responses for model. Under the best experimental conditions the preconcentration system provided detection and quantification limits of 0.39 and 1.31 µgL−1, respectively and linear range varying from 1.31 up to 500 µg L−1. The elution step is carried out with ammonium thiocyanate based on formation of cobalt thiocyanate complexes. The characteristics obtained for the performance of the preconcentration system were a preconcentration factor of 40 and average extraction efficiency ~ 95%. Foreign ions tested did not show interference, testifying to the good performance of MWCNTs. The method has been applied for the determination of trace amount of Co (II) in plant and water samples with satisfactory results. Keywords: Multiwall carbon nanotubes; Solid phase extraction; Cobalt ions; Flame atomic absorption spectrometry; Plant stem and leaves P 110

Application of multi- coating on gold wire for HS-SPME of PAHs

M. H. Banitaba, S.S. Hosseiny Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Shahid Beheshti Universit G. C., Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Email: ss-hosseiny@cc.sbu.ac.ir

Department of Marine living science, Iranian National Center for Oceanography (INCO), Tehran,

Iran, Email: Email: mehdinia@inco.ac.ir

Abstract In this work, we introduce a new fiber, based on

electropolymerization of 2- and 3-aminothiophenol monomers on gold wire for SPME application. SEM images shows that this coating has nano structure with good porosity. This fiber also shows good mechanical and thermal stability up to 300 C. The ability of fiber for extraction of various compounds with different polarity and functional groups has been examined using the extraction of 2- butanol, benzene, n-hexane, toluene, which shows that our fiber has the ability of extracting various classes of compounds. The extraction of five PAHs, including phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, 9,10-dimethylanthracene and benzo[a]anthracene has been also accomplished. Dynamic ranges of 1-250ppb for phenanthrene and anthracene, and 1-100ppb for three others were obtained. Detection limits for all of these compounds was found to be in the range from 0.1 to 0.32ppb. The real sample

(seawater, Oman) analysis using this method was also performed. Keywords: Solid phase micro-extraction, Self assembled monolayer, poly aromatic hydrocarbons P 111 Separation/Preconcentration of trace amounts of

Uranium in natural water by magnetic solid-phase extraction with salicylaldehyde-modified magnetic nanoparticles and determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission

spectrometry Ali Rezaei a,*, Mohammad Kazem Rofouei a,

Majid Masteri-Farahani a a. School of Chemistry, University of Tarbiat

Moallem, Tehran, Iran Abstract

A new method was utilized for Separation/Preconcentration of trace amounts of Uranium in natural water by magnetic solid-phase extraction(MSPE) with salicylaldehyde-modified magnetic nanoparticles and determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The separation of the target analytes from the aqueous solution containing the target analytes and salicylaldehyde-modified magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles was simply achieved by applying external magnetic field. Optimal experimental conditions including pH, sample volume, eluent concentration and volume and co-existing ions have been studied and established. Compared with established methods, the proposed method is characterized with high enrichment factor, fast separation and low detection limits. P 112

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of Phenazopyridine from

Pharmaceutical and Serum Sample Analysis Followed by Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Spectrometry (MIP-ESI-IMS)

B. Rezaei*, M.T. Jafari, O. Rahmanian Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111 I.R.Iran *Corresponding author: rezaei@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract

A new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for selective solid-phase extraction of Phenazopyridine (PAP) was developed and the application of electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) as the detection technique was demonstrated. The produced polymer was used as a media for solid-phase extraction (SPE), exhibiting selective binding properties for the analyte from pharmaceutical and serum samples. The linear dynamic range was from 0.05-2.0 µg/ml (R2 = 0.998). Furthermore, the MIP selectivity was evaluated by checking several substances with similar and different molecular structures to that of PAP. This method is successfully applied for the

63

determination of PAP in pharmaceutical and serum samples. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer, ion mobility spectrometry, Phenazopyridine P 113

Liquid Phase Microextraction Based on Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Separation

and Preconcentration of Cadmium Maryam Mohamadi*, Ali Mostafavi

Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Email: m.mohamadi794@gmail.com

Abstract

A new environmentally friendly, simple, selective and rapid liquid phase microextraction was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of trace amount of cadmium from aqueous samples, followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) determination. In this method, named liquid-phase microextraction based on a task-specific ionic liquid (LPME based on TSIL), cadmium ions are extracted from aqueous samples using small volumes of trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylate (TOMATS), dissolved in aceton. TOMATS is a thiol-containing task-specific ionic liquid which can form metal thiolate complexes due to the chelating effect of the ortho-positioned carboxylate group relative to the thiol functionality. Therefore TOMATS was used as the chelating agent and the hydrophobic solvent at the same time. The main parameters affecting the performance of LPME based on TSIL, such as pH, amount of TOMATS, extraction time, injection volume and extraction time were optimized. Under optimum conditions, a detection limit of 1.16 ng mL-1 and a good relative standard deviation of 1.8% at 60.0 ng mL-1 were obtained (n=7). The calibration curve was linear in the range of 4.0-200 ng mL-1 of cadmium and enrichment factor was 45.4. The proposed method was successfully applied to tap water, wastewater, and processed milk samples and spiked recoveries were in the range of 97.2-103.0%.

Keywords: Task-specific ionic liquid; Liquid-phase microextraction; Cadmium P 114 Studies On The Separation Of Yttrium (III) And

Strontium (II) by An Extractant Impregnated Resin Containing Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate

(HDEHP) A. Pourmatin, N. Akbari, M.H. Mojarabi, A.R.

Khanchi*, R.GH. Dastjerdi. NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute,

AEOI. ∗Email:akhanchi@aeoi.ac.ir

Abstract In the present work, studies have been

conducted on the equilibrium distribution of Yttrium (III) and Strontium (II) between aqueous nitric solution and macromolecular resin impregnated with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate(HDEHP). In the preliminary experiments, the distribution coefficients of Y (III) and Sr(II) were determined as a function of time at concentration of Y(III) and Sr(II). Then the efficiency of the HDEHP impregnated XAD-4 resin was studied for retention/elution of Y and Sr using 20 ml 0.05M HNO3 contained Y(5ppm) and Sr(1000ppm). Under this condition, while Y was retained by the resin Sr passed through the column. It was shown that a separation of Y-90 and Sr-90 using XAD-4 resin impregnated with HDEHP extractant is possible. P 115

Extraction and Comparison of Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oils Isolated from Leave and Stem of Thymus pubescens Boiss. &

Kotschy ex Celak. Fatemeh Ebrahimzadeh 1 , Ali Shafaghat*1,

Farshid Salimi 1, Shahrokh Abdollahzadeh 1 , Malihe Khalilnejad 1 and Farzaneh Kiyani 1.

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract

A comparison of the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leave and stems of Thymus pubescens Boiss. & Kotschy ex Celak. were carried out. The oils were obtained by Hydrodistillation and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventeen constituents representing 93.1 % of the essential oil of leaves and two components of the stems oil have been identified. The oil from leave was characterized by higher amount of thymol (35.5%), linalool (23.7%), geraniol (9.0%) and γ-terpinene (3.5%). In the oil of T. pubescens stems, thymol (84.6%) and linalool (10.1%) were only detected as the predominant compounds. In the both sample oils, the oxygenated monoterpenes compounds predominated over sesquiterpenes. Keywords: Thymus pubescens, Labiatae, essential oil composition, thymol, linalool. P 116

Comparison of Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and

n-Hexane Extracts of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. Malihe Khalilnezhada , Farshid Salimia , Ali

Shafaghat*a, Fatemeh Ebrahimzadeh a ,Farzaneh Kiyani a and

Farid Berenjianeasl a. a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran. E- mail:khalilnezad@yahoo.com

64

Abstract The water distilled essential oils and n-hexane

extract of Stachys lavandulifolia (family: Lamiaceae) growing in Ardabil, North-west Iran were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yields were: 0.2% and 0.7% (V/W) for essential oil and n-hexane extracts, respectively. Twenty- six compounds representing 72.0% of the distilled oil of S. lavandulifolia were identified, among them caryophyllene oxid (7.4%), α- pinene (7.0%), β- Phellandrene(6.3%), germacrene- D(5.6%), spathulenol(5.0%), linalool(4.7%)and trans- β-farnesene(4.5%) were the major constituents. The extract was characterized by higher amount of 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic, methyl ester (34.0%), eicosane (10.7%), Palmitic acid (9.9%) and nonacosane (7.5%) twelve components comprising 82.7 % of the total oil were detected in the extract. The oil obtained by hydrodistillation method consist mainly of aliphatic oxygenated and sesquiterpene constituents, whereas the extracts contain mainly aliphatic ester compounds. P 117

A new, simple and rapid spectrophotometric determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate with

methylene blue by dispersive liquid liquid microextraction

Yadolah Yamini, Mohammad Hojjati*, Mohamad Rezaee, Morteza Moradi

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran,

Iran Email: Mohammad.hojjati@gmail.com

Abstract

A simple and rapid method for the determination of anionic surfactant in sea water was developed by using dispersive liquid – liquid microextraction with the extracted solvent of chloroform and dispersive solvent of ethanol, the measurement of anionic surfactant in sea water was investigated at the limit of µg/L. a detection limit 3 µg/L, an analyzing time of 5 min and extraction efficiency of more than 95 % with an RSD of less than 5 % after optimization, shows that this method is successful in measuring small amounts of anionic surfactant base on measuring the absorbance of dodecyl sulfate-methylene blue ion pair. Keywords: Liquid phase, Microextraction, Dispersive, Solvent, anionic surfactant P 118

Synthesis of a new iron oxide magnetic

nanoparticles coated with D2EHPA and its uptake behavior for yttrium (III) ions Esmailnia S. 1, Khanchi A.R. *2,Otokesh M. 1,

Pourmatin A. 2 kianpisheh A. 2 1- Sharif University of Technology 2- NFRS,

Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEOI, Iran

∗Email: akhanchi@aeoi.ac.ir

Abstract Iron Oxide magnetic nanoparticles were

synthesized by the oxidation-precipitation method. In order to stabilize its surface for oxidation resistance. It was coated with di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (D2EHPA). The D2EHPA-coated Fe3O4 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The distribution coefficients of Y (III) were determined as a function of contact time. The results of kinetics experiments by batch method showed that the adsorption of Y(III) is completed at 120 minutes. Striping of Y(III) ions was studied using nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The result obtained indicated that the optimal back extraction condition was achieved by 6M Sulfuric acid solution. P 119

Quantitation of antioxidants in water samples using ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection

Hadi Farahani a, , Hamid Reza Sobhi b, Amir Kashtiaray b, Parviz Soleimani a

a Industrial and Environmental Protection Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI),

P.O. Box 14665-137, Tehran, Iran b Department of Chemistry, Tehran Payamenoor University, P.O. Box 15986-86613, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A simple and efficient method, ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV), has been applied for the extraction and determination of some antioxidants (Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076 and Irgafos 168) in water samples. Initially, the parameters influencing the microextraction efficiency were optimized and set which were as follows: 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C6MIM][PF 6] (0.06 g) as extracting solvent, acetone (0.5 mL) as disperser solvent, 5 mL aqueous sample without salt addition. Under the above conditions, the calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 25-1500 ng mL-1 with the regression coefficients greater than 0.9954. The limits of detection were found to be in the range of 5.0-10.0 ng mL-1. Finally, the method was successfully applied for determination of the analytes in three different real water samples. The relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 5) varied within the range of 6.6–11.8%. P 120 Organic dye removal from aqueous solution by

magnetic carbon nanotubes Mahmoud Reza Sohrabi a, Faeze Hamidi Malayeri a*

and Hedayatollah Ghourchian b

65

aDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, P.O. Box 1913674711,

Tehran, Iran bInstitute of Biochemistry and Biophysics,

University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-1384, Tehran, Iran

Email: fhamidi57@yahoo.com Abstract

In the present report a simple chemical method is introduced for removal of Toluidine Blue O (TBO) as a typical organic dye. A magnetic nanocomposite adsorbent was used for removal of TBO from waste water. This adsorbent consists of commercially available multi-wall carbon nanotubes and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The adsorbents were easily manipulated in magnetic field for desired separation, causing to the removal of dyes from polluted water.

Keywords: Toluidine Blue O, Adsorption; Magnetic separation, Multi-wall carbon nanotubes, Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles P 121 Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for the selective determination of tramadol in plasma

samples Abdol Mohammad Attaran,a Mehran Javanbakht,b

Mohammad Hadi Namjumanesh,b Behrouz Akbari-adergani c

aDepartment of Chemistry, Payamenoor University, Delijan, Iran

Email: a_m_attaran@yahoo.com bDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of

Technology, Tehran, Iran cFood & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food

& Drug Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study, a novel method is described for the determination of tramadol in biological fluids using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) as the sample clean-up technique combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, chloroform as porogen and tramadol as template molecule. The novel imprinted polymer was used as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the extraction of tramadol from human plasma and urine. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the polymer have been evaluated. The MIP selectivity was evaluated by checking several substances with similar molecular structures to that of tramadol. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for tramadol in urine samples were 1.2 and 3.5 µg L-1, respectively. These limits for tramadol in plasma samples were 3.0 and 8.5 µg L-1, respectively. The

recoveries for plasma and urine samples were higher than 91%. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer; Solid-phase extraction; Tramadol; Plasma P 122 Application of novel molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction method for the determination of

trifluperazine in biological fluids Abdol Mohammad Attaran,a Mehran Javanbakht,b Narges Mohammadi,c Behrouz Akbari-adergani d

aDepartment of Chemistry, Payamenoor University, Delijan, Iran

Email: a_m_attaran@yahoo.com bDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of

Technology, Tehran, Iran cDepartment of Chemistry, Al-Zahra University,

Tehran, Iran cFood & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food

& Drug Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A relatively new development in the area of SPE is the use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the sample clean up. MIPs are synthetic polymers possessing specific cavities designed for a target molecule. In this study, a novel method is described for the determination of trifluoperazine in biological fluids using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction as the sample clean up technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, chloroform as porogen and TFP as template molecule. The novel imprinted polymer was used as a solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction of trifluoperazine from human serum. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the polymer have been evaluated. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an ACE 5µm, C18 4.6 mm × 250 mm column. For the mobile phase, a degassed mixture of acetonitrile-methanol and 30 mM NaH2PO4 (pH 5.5) (18:12:70, v/v/v) was prepared and delivered in isocratic mode at flow rate of 0.9 ml/min. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for trifluoperazine in plasma samples were 0.15 and 0.4 ng/ml respectively. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer; Solid-phase extraction; Trifluperazine; Biological fluids P 123 Optimization of n-alkanes and PAHs Extraction

in the Marine Sediments Zohreh Modares Tehrani 1, Ravanbakhsh Shirdam

2*, Hodavand 3, Somayeh Hajipour 3

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1 Assistant Professor, Alzahra University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tehran, Iran

2Assistant Professor, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran (shirdamr@yahoo.fr)

3 MS, Alzahra University Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In the present work the efficiency of extraction of aliphatic gasoline range organic (GRO), diesel range organic (DRO) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from sediment was assessed by using ultrasonic extraction. Optimization studies were carried out using a real sediment sample (Non Polluted Sediment, S16) which was previously spiked with the analyte mixture and aged for 24 hours and real polluted sediment samples. Sample extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Using sonication, DCM:n-hexan 3:1 gave the best recovery for the extraction of the above compounds from the sediments, and the orders of the extraction efficiencies for most of these compounds from the sediments were as follows: DCM:n-hexan (3:1)>DCM:n-hexan (1:1)>dichloromethane.

Keywords: Ultrasonic extraction, petroleum pollution, merine sediment. P 124

Application of a new and selective modified nonoporous silica as a sorbent for separation and

preconcentration of dysprosium in environmental water samples prior to inductively

coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) determination.

Sana Berijani* a, Mohammad Reza Ganjali a,,Hassan Sereshti a, Parviz Norouzi a

aCenter of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this research for the first time a new physically functionalized nonporous silica (SBA-15) using N´-[(2-hydroxy phenyl) methylene] benzohydrazide (BBH), was utilized as a selective sorbent for the separation, preconcentration and determination of dysprosium (Dy) in natural water by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Conditions for effective adsorption of Dy+3 were optimized with respect to experimental parameters in batch process. The preconcentration factor was 100, extraction recovery was 96.5, and analytical curve was linear in the range of 0.2-1000 µg L-1 and the detection limit was 0.05 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) under optimum conditions was 3.2% (n=10). The sorbent exhibited high adsorption capacity and fast equilibrium for sorption of Dy+3. The method was applied for the recovery and determination of dysprosium in different environmental water samples.

Keywords: Dysprosium, nonporous silica, Solid phase extraction, Environmental water samples P 125

Pyridine-functionalized mesoporous silica as selective sorbent for extraction of trace amount

of Cr(VI) in wastewater samples Ali Akbar Asgharinezhad, Homeyra

Ebrahimzadeh*, Hamid Abedi, Najmeh Tavassoli, Omid Sadeghi, Mostafa Mohammadpour Amini

Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran

Email: aasgharin@gmail.com Abstract

A modified SBA-15 mesoporous silica was developed, as an adsorbent, for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from natural-water samples. The effects of experimental parameters, including pH of solution, sample and elution flow rate, eluent type, concentration and volume of eluent, and the effect of coexisting ions on the separation and determination of Cr(VI), were investigated. The pH was found to be critical for the separation of Cr(VI) from Cr(III) ions, as it was shown that Cr(VI) was selectively adsorbed from aqueous solution at pH 3. Conversely, Cr(III) could be adsorbed from solution at alkaline pH. The retained Cr(VI) was subsequently eluted with 0.5 mol L−1 KCl solution in 0.1 mol L−1 Na2CO3. Under the optimum conditions, the modified mesoporous silica (py-SBA-15) with a high pore diameter exhibited an adsorption capacity of 136 mg g-1 and a lower limit of detection of 2.3 µg L-1 for the extraction of Cr(VI) ions. A preconcentration factor as high as 200 was calculated for Cr(VI). The loaded py-SBA-15 can be regenerated for recovery of more than 98.5% over at least eight cycles. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for Cr ion recovery was less than 1.2% in these experiments. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Cr(VI) in natural-water samples with successful results. Keywords: pyridine-functionalized mesoporous silica; py-SBA-15; separation and preconcentration ; Cr(VI) P 126 Application of in situ solvent formation method

for the extraction and determination of cadmium ions by use of ionic liquids.

Safoura Porsharieh 1, Ali Mirabi ∗ 1, Mohammad Reza Jamali 2, Majid Moradian 1

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

Email: s.poursharieh@yahoo.com

Abstract A simple in situ solvent formation

microextraction (ISFME) methodology based on the

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application of ionic liquid (IL) as an extractant solvent and sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) as an ion pairing agent was proposed for the preconcentration of trace levels of cadmium. In this method cadmium was complexed with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and extracted into an ionic liquid phase. After phase separation, the enriched analyte in the final solution is determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). A microsample introduction system was employed for the nebulization micro-volume of diluted solution into FAAS. Some effective factors that influence the microextraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection and the enhancement factor were 0.9 µg L-1 and 50, respectively. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was obtained 2.9 %. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analyzing certified reference materials for trace elements in seawater. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of cadmium in water samples. Keywords: in situ solvent formation microextraction (ISFME), ionic liquid, Preconcentration, cadmium, FAAS. P 127 Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous

solutions by polyaniline modified clinoptilolite

1 H.Faghihian, 2 M.Rasekh Islamic azad university, Shahreza branch

Email: h.faghih@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract Unmodified zeolites show no affinity for anions

due to the fact that their surfaces are negatively charged. However modified zeolites show high capacity toward anions and therefore have drawn much attention in recent years for removal of anionic pollutants. In this work clinoptilolite was modified with polyaniline by polymerization of anilinium cations in the zeolite channels and nanocomposite of polyaniline/ clinoptilolite was obtained. Elemental analysis was carried out on dried powder of anilinium-clinoptilolite, in order to calculate the percentage of anilinium cation within the clinoptilolite channels before polymerization. Encapsulation of polyaniline in the clinoptilolite channels was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. The effect of a number of parameter such as initial concentration of Cr (VI), amount of nanocomposite and contact time on the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) were determined and optimized. Keywords: polyaniline; clinoptilolite; chromium; nanocomposite; modified zeolites P 128

Use of modified nano sorbent materials for

extraction and determination of cadmium ions in natural water samples.

Nasim Danesh 1, Ali Mirabi ∗ 1, Mohammad Reza Jamali 2, Majid Moradian 1

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

Email: Nasim.danesh@rocketmail.com

Abstract The first study on the high efficiency of

nanometer-sized γ-alumina coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate-4-2-pyridilazo-rezosinol (SDS-PAR) as a new sorbent solid phase extraction (SPE) has been reported. Sorbent with modified nanometer-sized alumina was used to preconcentrate and separate Cd in water samples. The metal were diluted to 100 µl with ethanol. A microsample introduction system was employed for the nebulization micro-volume of diluted solution into FAAS. Various influencing parameters on the separation and preconcentration of trace metal, such as pH, sample volume, amount of sorbent, and concentration of the chelating agent, were studied. Under the optimized operating conditions, the sorption capacities of the modified nano- γ -alumina for Cd were 15.0mg.g−1. With 10.0mL sample an enrichment factor of 50 was obtained. The detection limits of this method for Cd was 1.3 µgL−1 and the R.S.D.s was 3.2% (n = 10). The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Cd ions at trace levels in certified reference materials and real samples with satisfactory results. Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Nanometer-sized γ-alumina, Preconcentration, Flame atomic absorption spectrometry P 129 An electropolymerized pyrrole-based coating for stir bar sorptive extraction of BTEX from water

followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Esmaeil Babanezhad*, Ali Mirabi, Roghoie Ghodrati

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshahr Branch, Mazandaran, Iran

Email: esmaeil.babanezhad@gmail.com

Abstract A coating from polypyrrole (PPy) was

electrochemically prepared and employed for stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) of BTEX from water samples. The PPy coating was directly electrodeposited on the stainless steel rod surface from the corresponding aqueous electrolyte by applying a constant deposition potential. The applicability of this coating was assessed employing a coated rod and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for the extraction of BTEX from the aqueous samples. Application of wider potential range in CV led to a PANI with more stability against the temperature. The study revealed that this polymer is a suitable SBSE coating for

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extracting BTEX. Effect of different parameters influencing the extraction efficiency such as extraction temperature, extraction time, ionic strength and pH was investigated and optimized. The synthesis of the PPy can be carried out conveniently and in a reproducible manner while it is rather inexpensive and stable against most of organic solvents. The film thickness of PPy can be controlled by time of electrodeposition. At the optimum conditions, the relative standard deviation (RSD) for a double distilled water spiked with selected BTEX at ppb level were 5–15% (n = 3) and detection limits for the studied compounds were between 0.1–10 ngmL−1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction from spiked river water samples and relative recoveries were suitable for all the analytes. Keywords: Stir bar sorptive extraction; Polypyrrole; GC–MS; BTEX; Water analysis P 130 Electrochemical preparation of nano-structured copolymer of Aniline and m-amino benzoic acid

coating and its application in the headspace solid-phase microextraction of fatty acids in

zooplanktons Mina Asisbi a, Ali Jabbari a,*, Ali Mehdinia b,*

a Department of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

b Department of Marine Living Resources, Iranian National Center for Oceanography, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this work, a novel nano-structured copolymer of aniline and m-amino benzoic acid film was used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for headspace (HS) extraction of unsaturated-fatty acids after derivatization and applied for the analysis of fatty acids in Zooplanktons by coupling to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The nanostructures were immobilized on a platinum wire by a simple electrodeposition method using co- polymerization of m-aminobenzoic acid (m-ABA) and aniline. Improved temperature resistance (up to 350 ºC), improved life time (more than 50 times) and satisfactory extraction efficiency were obtained by insertion of carboxylate groups into the framework of polyaniline respect to the polyaniline. Effect of different parameters influencing the extraction efficiency such as extraction temperature, extraction time, ionic strength, stirring rate and sample volume were investigated and optimized. In order to improve the separation efficiency of fatty acids all the analytes were derivatized prior to extraction using BF3-MeOH. Under optimized conditions, the relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 5) for all analytes were below 5% and the limits of detection varied from 0.01 (C14:0) to 1.4 µg ml-

1(C20:0). Correlation coefficients (r2) of the obtained calibration curves ranged from 0.9918 to 0.9982 showing an acceptable linearity within this interval of concentration.

P 131

Reverse micelle–based coacervative extraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of silver in

environmental and biological samples Mohammad Amjadi, Jamshid L. Manzoori, Zeynab

Taleb* Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Email: ztalleb.a@gmail.com

Abstract A novel methodology was developed for the

preconcentration of silver prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. It is based on the extraction of silver as dithizone complex with coacervates made up of decanoic acid reverse micelles in water/tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixture. The proposed extraction procedure is simple and rapid and requires low volume of sample while its enrichment factor is high. Several important factors affecting extraction efficiency such as concentrations of decanoic acid, THF and dithizone, stirring rate and extraction time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.01 - 0.3 µg L-1 with a correlation coefficient 0.999. The limit of detection and enhancement factor was found to be 0.003 µg L-1 and 85, respectively. The method was validated by the analysis of standard reference materials and applied to the determination of silver in environmental and biological samples. Keywords: Silver; Preconcentration; Reverse micelles; Coacervate-based extraction; Decanoic acid. P 132

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by reversed phase-high performance

liquid chromatography for the determination of cetrimonium bromide at trace levels in

environmental water samples A. Asghari*, M. Ghazaghi, M. Rajabi and M.

Bagheri-roochi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University, Semnan 35195-363, Iran

Email: aasghari@semnan.ac.ir Abstract

In this article, a new method for the determination of cetrimonium bromide at trace levels in water samples was developed by using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and liquid chromatography–UV detection (HPLC-UV). Chlorobenzen was used as extraction solvent. Then sediment phase injected to HPLC. The enrichment factor for cetrimonium bromide was obtained 200 under the optimal conditions. The linear range was 5pg ml-1 -100ngml-1. The relative standard deviation of 5.9% (n= 5), and detection

69

limits (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) of 0.10 pg ml-

1were obtained. Keywords: dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, cetrimonium bromide, HPLC P 133 Assessment of Marine Alga Gracilaria Corticata

for Biosorption of Zinc from Wastewater by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Farah Assadian 1,*, Pari Beirami 2, Farahnaz Zoriasatein 1, and Akbar Esmaeili 2

1Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

*Corresponding author's Email: Farah_Assadian@yahoo.com

Abstract

Discharge of heavy metals from metal processing industries is known to have adverse effects on the environment. Biosorption of heavy metals by metabolically inactive non-living biomass of microbial or plant origin is an innovative and alternative technology for removal of these pollutants from aqueous solution. It has been reported that the biomass of marine algae have high capacities for some heavy metal ions such as Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni. The adsorption properties of a pre-treated biomass marine algae Gracilaria corticata for Zn2+ was investigated in this paper. Equilibrium isotherms and kinetics were obtained from batch adsorption experiments. This study was intended to determine the role of different pH values (3-9) on the biosorption of Zn2+. The biosorption capacity of Zn2+, increase with increasing pH up to pH 6 and then decreased. With the initial concentrations 50-200 mg/L (in 6 different concentrations) at pH 6 was increased from 88.82% to 96/78%. The biosorption kinetics was found to be fast and about with 80% of adsorption within 15 minutes and equilibrium reached at 45 minutes. This study demonstrated that the pre-treated biomass of Gracilaria corticata could be used as an effective biosorbent for the treatment of Zn(II) containing wastewater brook more than Cu, Cd, and Ni in our previous study. Biosorption equilibrium was established by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to the analyses conducted, the biosorption of Zn2+ to Gracilaria corticata was more consistent with Freundlich isotherm. Keywords: Biosorption, Zinc, Gracilaria, isotherm model P 134 Preconcentration of Copper (II), Nickel (II) and Cobalt (II) with new complexing agent Indane-

1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioxime using adsorbent silica gel and determination by flame atomic absorption

spectrometer (FAAS)

Mahdi Hosseini, Nasser dalali*, *Phase separation and FI lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan university, Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, Email: nasser-

dalali@yahoo.com Abstract

A method for separation–preconcentration of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions by micor-column filled with silica gel in presense of synthesized complexing agent: Indane-1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioxime has been described. This method based on the collection of analyte metal ions on the silica gel and determination of analytes by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The method was optimized for several parameters including of sapmle solution pH, matrix effects and sample volume. The recoveries of analytes were generally in the range of 96–100%. The detection limits by 3 sigma for analyte ions were 1.9 ng mL−1 for Cu(II), 2.2 for Ni(II) and 2.2 ng mL−1 for Co(II) obtained. Keywords: preconcentration, Indane-1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioxime, Silica gel, Flame atomic absorption spectrometer P 135

Kinetic- spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of vanadium (V) by its catalytic

effect on the oxidation of janus green with bromate

R. Jokar,a,* A. M. Haji Shabani,b M.R. shishebore a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University (Yazd), Yazd, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Yazd University , Yazd, Iran

Abstract

A highly sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric methode has been developed for determination of trace amounts of vanadium (V) based on its reaction by janus green in the present of sulphuric acid. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring absorbance of mixing the reagents at 618 nm by the fixed-time method. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the concentration range 5-150 ng ml-1 of vanadium (V); the detection limite was 1.5 ng ml-1; the R.S.D for six replicate determination of 40 ng ml-1 was 2%.The influence of several foreign ions on vanadium(V) determination were studied.The proposed method was applied to the determination of vanadium (V) in water samples.

P 136

Spectroscopic Studies of Charge-Transfer Complexation of Iodine with a New Benzo-

Substituted Macrocyclic Diamide in Chloroform, Dichloromethane and their 1:1 Mixture

Nina Alizadeh*, M. Shamsipur a *Department of Chemistry, University of Guilan ,

Rasht, Iran

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aDepartment of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Corresponding author. Email: nializadeh@Yahoo.com

Abstract

Charge-transfer complexation of iodine with a new benzo-substituted macrocyclic diamide 5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-1,13,4,7,10-benzodioxatriazacyclopentadecine-3,11 (4H,12H)-dione (L ) with iodine was studied spectrophotometrically in chloroform, dichloromethane and their 1:1(v/v)mixture. The observed time dependence of the charge-transfer band and subsequent formation of I3

- ion are related to the slow formation of the initially formed 1:1 L. I2 outer complex to an inner electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex, followed by fast reaction of the inner complex with iodine to form a triiodide ion, as follows: L + I2 → L. I2 (outer complex), fast L. I2 (outer complex) → (L. I+)I- (inner complex), slow (L. I+)I- (inner complex) + I2 → (L .I+)I3

-, fast The pseudo-first-order rate constants for the transformation process were evaluated in different solvent systems. The stability constants of the resulting EDAr complexes were also evaluated and the solvent effect on their stability are discussed. The resulting complexes were isolated and characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Keywords: Charge-transfer complex, Iodine, Macrocyclic diamide, Kinetics, Formation constant, Spectrophotometry, FTIR, 1H-NMR P 137

NMR Spectroscopic Study of Lithium ion Complexes with 12-crown-4 and benzo-12-crown-4 in Nonaqueous solvents Mixtures

Nina Alizadeh Department of Chemistry, University of Guilan,

Rasht, Iran * Corresponding author.Email:

nializadeh@yahoo.com

Abstract Lithium-7 NMR spectrometry was used to study

the complexation reaction between lithium ions and different small size crown ethers12-crown-4 (12C4), benzo-12-crown-4 (B12C4) in a number of binary nitromethane (NM)-acetonitrile (AN) mixtures. The exchange between the free and complexed lithium ion was fast on the NMR time scale and a single population average resonance was observed. Both 1:1 and 2:1 (sandwich) complexes were observed between lithium ion and 12C4 and B12C4 in pure nitromethane solution. Stepwise formation constants of the 1:1 and 2:1 (ligand/metal) complexes were evaluated from computer fitting of the NMR-mole ratio data to equations which relate the observed metal ion chemical shifts to formation constants. There is an inverse linear relationship between the

logarithms of the stability constants and the mole fraction of acetonitrile in the solvent mixtures. The stability order of the 1:1 and 2:1 complexes was found to be 12C4.Li+ > B12C4.Li+. The optimized structures of the free ligands and their 1:1 and 2:1 complexes with Li+ ion were predicted by ab initio theoretical calculations using the Gausian 98 software, and the results are discussed.

Keywords: Macrocyclic complexes -crown ethers- lithium ion -lithium-7 NMR -complexation constants -nitromethane acetonitrile mixtures P 138

Preconcentrtion of trace amount of Copper, Nickel and Cobalt in water samples using

surfactant coated alumina modified with a new oxime prior to determination by flame atomic

absorption spectrometry Mahdi Hosseini, Nasser Dalali*

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser-dalali@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple method for simultaneous pre-concentration of Cu, Ni and Co metal ions prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry is reported. The method is based on the extraction of target ions via complexation with Indane-1, 2, 3-trione 1, 2-dioxime immobilized on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) coated alumina. The metal content on the adsorbent were eluted with 4.5 ml of 2 mol l-1 nitric acid. The influences of the analytical parameters including pH, sample volume and eluent type were investigated. The effect of matrix ions on the retentions of the analytes was also examined. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 96% with a low relative standard deviation (RSD < 2%). The limits of detection based on the equation DL=3Sb/m (N=7) for Cu, Ni and Co were found to be 1.8, 1.8 and 2 µg l-1, respectively. The presented method was successfully applied for determination of these metals in water samples. Keywords: Preconcentration, Trace amount of mtal ions, oxime, SDS coated alumina. P 139

Multiwavelength spectrophotometric determination of the protolytic constants of

tetracycline hydrochloride in some nonaqueous-water mixed solvents:

A solvatochromism study Jahanbakhsh Ghasemi 1, Alireza Jalalvand 2,*

1Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, K.N.T.University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Email: ali.jalalvand@hotmail.com

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Abstract Annihilation of the contribution of one chemical

component from the original data matrix is a general method in rank annihilation factor analysis (RAFA). However, RAFA is not applicable for studying the protonation equilibria of multiprotic acids but in this study two-rank annihilation factor analysis (TRAFA) was used as an efficient chemometrics algorithm for determination of the protolytic constants (pKa) of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCHC) in some nonaqueous-water mixed solvents such as acetonitrile (AN)-water and methanol (MeOH)-water from spectral pH-absorbance data. The spectral data were obtained from spectrophotometric acid-base titrations of different solutions of TCHC at (25.00±0.10) ◦C and an ionic strength of 0.10 M. In TRAFA algorithm the pKa values were obtained with relationship between R.S.D. and hypothetical pKa values. In the case of TCHC, the spectra were divided in two consecutive subdivisions according to their pH range having two pKa and TRAFA was run twice. The validity of the obtained pKa values was checked by well-known chemometrics algorithms such as DATAN, EQUSPEC, SPECFIT/32 and SQUAD. The effects of changing solvent composition on the protolytic constants were explained by linear solvation energy relationships (LSER) utilizing solvatochromic parameters.

Keywords: Tetracycline hydrochloride, TRAFA, DATAN, EQUISPEC, SPECFIT/32, SQUAD P 140

A Spectrophotometric Study of Complex Formation between La3+, Ce3+ and Y3+ cations with 2-(2-thiazolylazo)-4-methyl phenol (TAC)

in Methanol Solvent K. Taheri *, M. Ansari Fard

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

Email: khalil.taheri@yahoo.com Abstract

In this study, the application of a spectrophotometric method that was developed by Ohyoshi for study of complexation of lanthanide III cations in acidic methanol solutions, extended to pH neutral medium and then follow it was used to determine the stability constant of complexes of some rare earth metal cations (Ln =Y3+, La3+ and Ce3+) with 2-(2-thiazolylazo)-4-methyl phenol (TAC) in methanol (MeOH) solvent. The pH effect on stability of Ln-TAC complexes and selectivity order of TAC for these cations were inspected. Keywords: 2-(2-thiazolylazo)-4-methyl phenol ; La3+ ; Ce3+ ; Y3+ ; Methanol ; Spectrophotometry.

P 141

Photodegradation of phenol and nitrobenzene catalyzed by CdS heterogeneous photocatalyst

H. R. Pouretedal and A. Amiri Baghbadarani* Islamic azad university, Shahreza branch

Email: Abasamiri.b@gmail.com Abstract

The photodegradation of phenol and nitrobenzene catalyzed by CdS nanoparticles was studied under UV-Vis irradiation. The pH of samples was optimized at 11. The maximum degradation was obtained at amounts 3dosage of CdS and phenol 300 mg/L and 300 and 100 mg/L of CdS for phenol and nitrobenzene, respectively. The degradation efficiencies of 77 and 92% were obtained within 7.5 and 2.5 h for phenol and nitrobenzene, recpectively. The degradation efficiency of phenol was increased to 91% in the presence of 0.078 M hydrogen peroxide within 4 h. The apparent rate constants of degradation at different initial concentrations were calculated by Langmuir–Hinshelwood equation. The infrared and UV-Vis spectra of phenol and nitrobenzene before and after photodegradation reaction show the destruction pollutant molecules. P 142

Study of photodegradation of 2-, 3-, and 4-nitrophenol catalyzed by ZnS nanoparticles

H. R. Pouretedal, M. H. Motamedi* Islamic azad university, Shahreza branch

Email: Motamedisaeid@gmail.com Abstract

In this work, the photodegradation process of 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol was studied under UV-Vis irradiation. The photooxidation of nitrophenols catalyzed by ZnS nanoparticles as photocatalyst. The conditions of photodegradation such as pH and dosage of photocatalyst were optimized to increase the rate of degradation. The alkaline pH of 10-11 and 500 mg/L of ZnS were the optimum values of sample pH and amount of catalyst. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation was used to calculate the apparent rate constants (kapp) of photodegradation at different of initial concentrations of pollutants. In all cases, the apparent rate constants were decreased with increasing the initial concentrations. The UV-Vis spectra of pollutants show the degradation of pollutants molecules. The degradation efficiencies of 93%, 76% and 83% were obtained for 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol, respectively, within 8 h. P 143

Preconcentration and speciation of arsenic in saline and biological samples by In situ solvent formation microextraction (ISFME) based on

72

ionic liquid - electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Behrooz Majidi* . Farzaneh Shemirani School of Chemistry, University College of Science,

University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Email: shemiran@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Absract

In this modality, the extraction phase is formed in situ while simultaneously extracting analytes. First, a water-miscible ionic liquid (IL) ([Hmim][BF4]), capable of completely dissolving in the aqueous solution, was added to the sample. Then, an ion-exchange reagent (NaPF6) was added to obtain the hydrophobic IL ([Hmim][PF6]) that acted as the analyte extractant to form the cloudy homogeneous solution for the preconcentration and speciation of trace amounts of As (III) and As (V) with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) detection. In situ solvent formation microextraction (ISFME) is a simple and rapid method for extraction and preconcentration of metal ions from sample solutions containing high concentration of salt. Some effective factors that influence the microextraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection (3 σ) and the enrichment factor were 6 ng L-1 and 198, respectively. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was obtained 4.78 %. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of As (III) and As (V) in water samples, biological samples and food salts. Keywords: Arsenic speciation, Biological samples, Food salts, Ionic liquid, Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry P 144

Theoretical calculation of 13C-NMR chemical shifts

of Benzene derivatives Zahra Garkani-Nejad*, Marziyeh Poshteh-Shirani Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-

Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran Email: garakani@mail.vru.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work, a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) analysis was carried out for modeling and prediction of chemical shifts of a series of benzene derivatives using different chemometrics methods. First, large numbers of descriptors were calculated using HYPER CHEM, MOPAC and DRAGON programs. First, these descriptors were used for a Partial Least Square regression (PLS) analysis. Then, a suitable number of these descriptors were selected using multiple linear regression (MLR) technique. The obtained results using MLR method indicates that chemical shifts of these compounds depend on different parameters such as Geometrics and Functional group descriptors. Then these descriptors were used as inputs for an artificial neural network. The best

artificial neural network model was a Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation network (LM-ANN). Comparison of the results indicates that the LM-ANN method has better predictive power than the MLR and PLS methods. Keywords: 13C-NMR; Chemical shift; Benzene derivatives; Quantitative structure-property relationship P 145

Application of polyaniline conducting polymer

for dyes removal Reza Ansari*, Zahra Mosayebzadeh

Chemistry Department, Faculty of science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Email: ransari@guilan.ac.ir Abstract

In this research application of polyaniline (PAni) conducting polymer which was synthesized chemically on the surface of wood sawdust (SD) for removal of methylene blue (MB) as a cationic dye and Eosin Y (EY) as an anionic dye, from aqueous solution is introduced. The effects of some important parameters such as pH, initial concentration, sorbent dosage and contact time on uptake of dyes solution were also investigated in this research. The experiments were carried out using both batch and column systems at room temperature. Adsorption of dyes on the PAni/SD under different conditions was used to the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. In order to find out the possibility of desorption for frequent use, the chemical regeneration of the adsorbent was also investigated. The findings in this paper seem to be very important from application point of view for water and wastewater treatments in dyes removal technology. Keywords: Removal, Methylene blue, Eosin Y, Sawdust, Polyaniline P 146 Electrochemical Study of Acetaminophen in the

presence of 3-Mercapto-1,2,4-triazole Mohammad Alimoradi , Ali Niazi ,Vahid

Mahboobi* , Ali Chakavi Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University,Arak, Iran Email:m.vahidchem@yahoo.com

Abstract

Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen (N–acetyl–p–aminophenol) has been studied in the presence of 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (MTA) as nucleophile in aqueous solution, by means of cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. The parameters such as pH, potential window, supporting electrolyte, solvent, concentration has been optimized.The results indicate the participation of electrochemically generated N-acetyl-p-

73

quinoneimine in Michael reaction with 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (MTA) to form the corresponding acetaminophen derivative. Based on ECE mechanism. Typical cyclic voltammograms of 2 mM acetaminophen in the presence of MTA at glassy carbon electrode, in aqueous solution containing carbonate buffer. Scan rates different(Figure.1) are shown. Keywords: Acetaminophen , 3-Mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (MTA), Cyclic voltammetry, Controlled potential coulometry, Michael reaction. P 147

Determination of Bismuth by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry using Single

Drop Micro Extraction in Real Samples M.Chamsaz*,M.H.Arbab-Zavar, M.M.Riazi,

R.Takjoo Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Email: mchamsaz@gmail.com;

mahdi.riazy@gmail.com. Abstract

A novel and extremely sensitive method for extraction and determination of Bismuth in aqueous samples by liquid phase micro extraction (LPME) combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using a new ligand is described. In this method Bi3+ in pH 6 during 20 min extraction time at 20oC is reacted with S-methyl-3-salicylidene dithiocarbazate (SMSDC) dissolved in 4µl of chloroform micro drop. After extraction, the micro drop was retracted and directly transferred into a graphite tube coated by palladium and tungsten with co- injection of tartaric acid as chemical modifier. In this investigation the type of organic solvent, volume of organic solvent, pH, temperature and extraction time were optimized. Using 10 ml sample solution an enrichment factor of 100 was obtained. The detection limit was calculated to be 19 pg ml-1 based on 3Sb and relative standard deviation for five replicate analysis of 0.5 ng ml-1 Bi3+ was 4.8% .The calibration curve was liner in the range of 19 pg ml-1 to 2.4 ng ml-1 with a sensitivity of 4.0 pg ml-1. This method was used for determination of Bismuth in tap water, waste water, sea water, soil and reliability of the method was evaluated using two reference materials. Keywords: Bismuth, Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, liquid phase micro extraction, Chemical modifier, S-methyl-3-salicylidene dithiocarbazate. P 148

Determination of Cadmium by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry using Single

Drop Micro Extraction in Real Samples M.Chamsaz*,M.H.Arbab-Zavar, M.M.Riazi,

R.Takjoo

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

Email: mchamsaz@gmail.com; mahdi.riazy@gmail.com.

Abstract

In this investigation a novel and extremely sensitive method for extraction and determination of cadmium in aqueous samples by liquid phase micro extraction (LPME) combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using a new ligand is described. In this method Cd2+in pH 4 during 20 min extraction time at 20oC is reacted with S-methyl-3-salicylidene dithiocarbazate (SMSDC) dissolved in 4µl of chloroform micro drop. After extraction, the micro drop was retracted and directly transferred into a graphite tube coated by palladium as chemical modifier. In this investigation the type of organic solvent, volume of organic solvent, pH, temperature and extraction time were optimized. Using 10 ml sample solution an enrichment factor of 100 was obtained. The detection limit was calculated to be 6 pg ml-1 based on 3Sb and relative standard deviation for five replicate analysis of 0.2 ng ml-1 Cd2+ was 4.9% .The calibration curve was liner in the range of 6 pg ml-1 to 1.0 ng ml-1 with a sensitivity of 1.0 pg ml-1. This method was used for determination of cadmium in tap water, waste water, sea water, soil and reliability of the method was evaluated using two reference materials. Keywords: Cadmium, Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, liquid phase micro extraction, Chemical modifier, S-methyl-3-salicylidene dithiocarbazate. P 149

Flame atomic abserption spectrometric a

determination of trace amounts of heavy metod ions after Flotation extraction using Surfactant

sodum Dodecyl sulfat. Ali Ghanavati *, Ebrahim Niknam, Nasir Irvani.

Islamic Azad University of Omidiye Branch , Omidiye Iran Email: a_ ghanavati _ rocket

mail.com. Tel: 09163500181 Abstract

A rapid flotation method for separation and enrichment of ultra trace amounts of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron ions from water samples is established. At pH 6.7±0.2 and with sodium dodecylsulfate used as a foaming reagent, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ag+ were separated simultaneously with 3 – ((1 H – Indol – 3 – yl) (4- cyano phenyl) methyl) – 1H – indole. (IYCMI), added to 10ml of aqueous solution. The proposed procedure of pre-concentration is applied prior to the determination of these four analytes using Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). These ions can be eluted quantitatively with 2 mL 0.5 M HNO3 in methanol. The linear range of the determination is between 0.03-1.5 µg mL-1 for Cd2+, 0.02-0.9 µg mL-

1 for Zn2+ and, 0.01-1.3 µg mL-1 for Ag+ with a

74

detection limits for , Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ag+ were 0.9, 1.2, 1.1 ng ml-1, respectively. The method has been successfully applied for determination of trace amounts of ions in various water samples. P 150

Flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of cadmium after extraction by

using alumina Fatemeh Sabermahani a, Habibe Bahrami Nejad a,

Mohammad Ali Taher b, Samieh Fozooni a aDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University

of Kerman, Kerman, Iran bDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar

University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Abstract

In this study, a solid phase extraction procedure was developed for preconcentration and separation of cadmium in a column system. Various influencing parameters including pH of the solution, flow rate, sample volume, amount of the sorbent, concentration of eluent and effect of interfering ions were examined. Sorption capacity was obtained 14 mg Cd for 1 g sorbent. The preconcentration factor of the method was 160. The linearity was maintained in the concentration range of 0.13 ng mL-1 to 2.0 µg mL-1in the original solution. The relative standard deviation ±1.3% for eight replicate determination at a concentration of 1 µg mL-1 Cd(II) and detection limit 0.05 ng mL-1 was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination trace amounts of Cd in the water and plant samples. P 151 Cloud point extraction and preconcentration of

trace amounts of Copper as a 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol complex prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

*Nasser Dalali, Mahdi Hosseini, Saeed Mohammadnejad

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran *Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com Abstract

The application of the cloud point extraction (CPE) technique for determination of metal ions was demonstrated using Cu(II) as model metal ions. The preconcentration of Cu(II) in aqueous solution was achieved by CPE with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) as the chelating agent and Triton X-114 as the extractant. The precision (relative standard deviation (R.S.D.), n = 5) for five replicate injections of a mixture of 20µg/l was 1.8%. The concentration factor, which is defined as the concentration ratio of the analyte in the final diluted surfactant-rich extract ready for CE separation and in the initial solution, was 22.3. The linear concentration range was from 3 to 100 µg/l. The detection limits of was 0.26 µg/l. The developed

method was successfully applied to the determination of Cu(II) in water samples. Keywords: Cloud point extraction, PAN, Trace metal ions, Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, Copper. P 152 Determination of heavy metals in some Iranian cigarettes and study of remove heavy metals by

Humic acid. Moradi Robati Gh R*.(1); Hosseini Sh.(1);

Naghizadeh F.(1); Chaichi M J.(2) 1. Tirtash Research & Education Center, P.O. Box:

48515-155, Behshar, Iran. 2. Chemistry Faculty, Mazandaran University ,

Babolsar, Iran. Email: persianchem@yahoo.com

Abstratc

In order to investigate identification and quantitative determination of heavy metals in mainstream smoke of Farvardin and Magna cigarettes and study of remove heavy metals by Humic acid by the use of inductively coupled plasma method (ICP) was performed in Tirtash Research & Education Center in 2009. In this study identification heavy metals: Cobalt, Chromium, Cadmium, Nickel, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic and Selenium in mainstream smoke of Farvardin and Magna cigarettes. In order to extraction of heavy metales from samples, put in furnace electric in 550 0C for 2 hours, Then they were digest by use of nitric acid and mild heat. Amounts 10, 15, 20, 25 mg of Humic acid absorbent was placed in filter cigarettes. All cigarettes were stored under 60% relative humidity. At least 10 cigarettes of each kind which looked best (in physical property) were used for each set of analyses. These were smoked using 4-channel smoking machine in the standard ISO method. The mainstream smoke heavy metals was extracted from the Cambridge filter and cigarette filter by burning and digestion wiht use of nitric acid and mild heat and analyzed by ICP. In this study tar and nicotine levels of above samples were determined that results showed absorbance tar by Humic acid. The results of ICP analysis showed the different absorbance of heavy metals by cigarette filter, cambridge filter and high absorbance of heavy metals by Humic acid. The results of this study showed that with increase the amount of absorbent, heavy metals absorbance will be increased. The experimental results show that 20 mg of Humic acid absorbent in filter was the best amount for absorbance heavy metals. All absorbance were also studied by SEM. Keywords: heavy metal, cigarette, Humic acid, ICP, filter

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P 153

A study of quenching and enhancing effect of lanthanides ions on electrochemiluminescence of

luminol Morteza Hosseini 1,Mohammad Reza Ganjali,2,3 Mehdi Tavakoli,2, Farnoush Faridbod 3,Parviz

Norouzi 2,3

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Savadkooh Branch, Savadkooh, Iran

2Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 3 Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,

Iran *Corresponding author. Tel.: +98-21-61112788;

Fax: +98-21-66495291; Email address: smhosseini@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

The effect of lanthanide ion on the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviour of luminol on a platinum plate working electrode in alkaline solution was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The optimum chemical conditions and electrochemical parameters for this ECL system were investigated in detail. The mechanism of quenching and enhancing for this ECL system is discussed. P 154 Synthesis and characteristics of molecularly imprinted polymers for selective separation of Penicillin G

Mehran Javanbakht,a Khatereh A. Pishro,b Amir Heidari Nasab b, Behrouz Akbari-adergani c

aDepartment of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Email: mehranjavanbakht@gmail.com

b Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, science and research centre,

Tehran, Iran cFood & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food

& Drug Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) selective for the Penicillin G was synthesized using bulk polymerization. The UV spectroscopic determination at 290 nm showed that the designed polymer is specific and capable for the template extraction from aqueous samples. The effective factors influencing the precipitation polymerization have been studied. Molecular recognition properties and selectivity of the MIPs were evaluated and the results revealed the obtained MIPs have high affinity for Penicillin G in aqueous media. Equilibrium binding experiments were done to assess the performance of the MIP relative to non imprinted polymer (NIP). After optimization of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) method, successful imprinting was

confirmed by comparison of the recoveries between NIP (48%) and MIP (90%) polymers. The novel imprinted polymer was used as a solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction of Penicillin G from biological fluids.

Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymers; Separation; Penicillin G P 155 Determination of beryllium by mean centering of

ratio spectra as a new spectrofluorimetry method

Mahmoud Chamsaz, Mohammad Hossein Arbab-Zavar, Kobra Samghani*

Department of analytical chemistry, faculty of sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

Email:k.samghani.chem@gmail.com Abstract

Trace amounts of beryllium has been determined by spectrofluorimetric method. Beryllium gives a highly fluorescent complex with morin. A method based on mean centering of ratio spectra has been performed to remove the interference caused by morin as it overlaps with the Be-morin complex. The linear dynamic range was in 0.2-200 ppb range and detection limit was 0.2 ppb.

Keywords: spectrofluorimetry, beryllium, morin P 156

Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy, a novel method for analysing

natural compounds Razieh Khodadadi*, Hammat allah Setayeshi,

Mehdi Norouzi Bakhsh

Department of chemistry, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology,Esfahan, Iran

Email: m_norouzi@mut-es.ac.ir Abstract

Chirality is a fundamental feature of all living organisms and the differences in stereospecifications have very important effect on pharmaceulogy. We discuss a relatively new methodology for the structural characterization of chiral organic molecules, namely , Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. Our goal will therefore be to describe the general techniques and applications of VCD spectroscopy in order to illuminate its potential value to specific problems of pharmaceutical chemistry. P 157

Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of

bromide in Clidinium -C tablet Ali Sheibani 1, M. Reza Shishehbore 1 and Zahra

Tavakolian Ardakani*2

1. Department of Chemistry Islamic Azad University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran

76

2. Department of Standard & Industrial Research of Yazd, Yazd, Iran

Abstract

A simple, rapid and sensitive method is described for determination of trace amounts of bromide. The method is based on catalytic effect of bromide ion on the oxidation of methylene blue (MB) by bromate in sulfuric acid media. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of MB at 665 nm. Bromide can be determined in the range of 0.05 to 1.90 µg mL-1with the detection limit of 0.03 µg mL-1. The relative standard deviations of five replicate determinations of 0.20 and 10.00 µg mL-1 bromide were 2.37 and 1.78%, respectively. The influence of potential interfering ions was studied. The method is applied to the analysis of bromide in Clidinium- C tablet as a real sample.

Keywords: Clidinium- C tablet, Bromide, Kinetic spectrophotometric Determination P 158 Simultaneous measurement of some heavy metals with Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry by solidification dispersive liquid-

liquid microextraction Yadolah Yamini, Mohammad Hojjati*, Mohamad

Rezaee, Morteza Moradi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

Email: Mohammad.hojjati@gmail.com Abstract

This work describes a new sampling method termed the simultaneous measurement of Hg+2, Cu+2, Pd+2 and Au+3 with Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was scrutinized. Here dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed and undecanol was used as the extracted solvent. Having a lower density in comparison with water and a low melting point of 19oC, this solvent can easily be separated from water. Choosing effective parameters for extraction and picking up the optimal conditions was done by screen design and central compost design, respectively. In the end a measurement of these elements in sample of well, tap, spring and sea water was done under optimal conditions and with recovery of 88-110 % and relative standard deviations of between 0.8 to 7.1 %. Keywords: Microextraction, Dispersive, Solvent, Floating, Solidification, Heavy metals P 159

Preparation of new anodized fibers with nano

porous layer for determination of volatile component in essential oils using SPME syringe

and GC-MS technique

Rogaieh Bargeshadi a, Reza Emamali Sabzi a,b *, Farshad Kheiri a,b

a Department of chemistry, faculty of science, Urmia university, I.R. Iran

b Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran

E mail: rezasabzi@yahoo.com Abstract

In this study, the efficiency of some anodized wires as a new fiber for solid-phase micro extraction (SPME) has been investigated for analysis of volatile oil of ginger by head space (HS) method. Stainless steel, copper and tungsten wires have been anodized in different conditions. Some parameters, including SPME fiber, voltage, current density and electrolyte in room temperature were optimized. The prepared fibers used as a SPME fiber for ginger‘s head space in injection to GC-MS instrument. The experimental results show that many components have been extracted from HS of ginger by anodized fibers. Characterization of the structural properties of the prepared fibers was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). P 160

Application of Spectroscopy and

Spectrometry in Nanocarriers Zohre Zarnegar, Javad Safari*

Laboratory of Organic Compound Research, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of

Chemistry, University of kashan, P.O. Box: 87317, kashan , I.R. Iran,

Corresponding Author E-mail: safari@kashanu.ac.ir; z_zarnegar@yahoo.com

Abstract

New hyperbranched polymers containing poly (2-ethyle-2-oxazolines) (PEOz) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were synthesized that able to load nanocatalyst such as nanoparticles Pd for Heck chemical reactions. Hyperbranched polymers were characterized with types of methods such as 1HNMR, FTIR, UV spectroscopy. GC-Mass spectrometry technique is also used for mixture of Heck reaction in the presence of nanocatalyst in interval times. In this paper application of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry in characterization of Nanocarriers was investigated and has been indicate difference between spectroscopy and spectrometry in the concept and application in these polymers as nanocarriers. Keywords: Spectroscopy, Spectrometry, Nanocatalyst, Nanocarriers, Hyperbranched polymers. P 161

Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical

behavior of 2-(4-mercaptostyryl)quinolin-8-ol

77

Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Zeinab Rezvaninia, Hasan Zali

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, I.R. Iran E-mail: rkarimi@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

electrochemical characterization of gold 2-(4-mercaptostyryl)quinolin-8-ol self assemble monolayer via ex situ functionalized (Au-MSQ) is described by Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Kinetics of the compound will be presented.The surface pKa determined for the Au-MSQ SAM monolayer electrode was estimated by CV and EIS. Keywords: self assemble monolayer, 2-(4-mercaptostyryl)quinolin-8-ol P 162

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine in the presence of uric

acid using modified glassy carbon electrode with Holmium fluoride nanoparticles

Meissam Noroozifar*, Mozhgan Khorasani-Motlaghb, Fahemah Zareian

Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

E-mail: mnoroozifar@chem.usb.ac.ir Abstract

A sensitive and selective electrochemical method for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid was developed using a HoF3 nanoparticles-carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon. This electrode shows excellent activity toward the oxidation of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid in a trichloroacetate buffer solution (pH=1). A detailed investigation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemistry was performed in order to elucidate the preparation process and properties of the nanocomposites. Linear calibration plots were

obtained over the range of 2.5×10-6-1×10-3, 8.0

×10-6-1×10-3 and 1.0×10-6-8.5×10-4mol L-1 with

Detection limits of 1.4×10-6, 2.6×10-6 and 4.1×10-

7mol L-1 for ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid ,respectively. The practical analytical utilities of the modified electrode were demonstrated by the determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid in urine and human blood serum samples. P 163

Determination of ascorbic acid in present of propranolol by used Novel 1,1[1,2-ethanediyl bis

(nitrilo methylidyne)-bis-2-naphtal multi-wall carbon nanotube paste electrode

Mohsen Behpour*, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi, Marzieh meshki

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran.

E-mail: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

Drug analysis plays important roles in drug quality control, and has great impacts on public health. There for, a simple, sensitive and accurate method for the determination of active ingredient are very important. A carbon paste electrode, modified with 1,1[1,2-ethanediyl bis (nitrilo methylidyne)-bis-2-naphtal (EBNBN) and carbon nanotube, was used for the determination of ascorbic acid (AA). Cyclic voltammetry, chronocolumetry, chornoamperometry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques was employed to study electro-oxidation of AA. Som kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer coefficient (α) and heterogeneous rate constant (K ) were also determined for the AA oxidation. The linear calibration curves range of 1×10-3 to1 ×10-6 M with the detection limits 4×10-7 was obtained using DPV (pH=7.0). the modified electrode shows good sensitivity, selectivity and stability. The prepared electrode was applied for the determination of AA in real samples. . P 164

Synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

and modification of its surface for immobilization of Nile blue and investigation of

its electrochemical behavior Zohreh Yaryan and Esmaeil Shams*

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: e_shams@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were

synthesized by coprecipitation and then were coated with silica through sol-gel process. The surface of silica was modified by grafting titanium phosphate on it. Nile blue (NB) was immobilized on the surface of thitanium phosphate-modified magnetic nanoparticles by an ion exchange reaction. The NB-modified magnetic nanoparticles were supported on carbon paste electrode by using a magnet behind the carbon paste. The electrochemical behavior NB-modified MNPs was studied using cyclic voltammetry and it is found that the redox behavior of the modified electrode is diffusion controlled and pH dependent. The modified electrode has proved to be electrocatalytically active for hydrogen peroxide. P 165

Determination of mercury toxic ions by a wax-impregnated carbon electrode modified with

Hg2+ imprinted polymer Taher Alizadeh*a, Mashaalah Zareb, Mohamad

Reza Ganjalib,Aezam Akbaria

78

a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil, Iran b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: Alizadeh@uma.ac.ir Abstract

A simple and extra selective electrode was introduced for determination of Hg2+ toxic ions in real samples. Mercury ion containing selective cavities were created in the vinyl pyridine base cross-linked polymer as so called ion imprinted polymer. Also, a non imprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesized in order to compare with IIP. Carbon particles and IIP/NIP powder were mixed with melted n-eicosane and then it was used for electrode fabrication. An explicit difference was observed between the responses of the electrodes modified with IIP and NIP, indicating properly functioning of recognition sites in the IIP structure, created in the polymerization step. Various factors effective on the response behavior of the electrode were investigated and optimized. The interference effect of different species was also studied. The introduced sensor showed linear range of 2.5×10-9-5×10-7 M. Detection limit of this method was calculated to be 9.0×10-10 M. The sensor was successfully applied for mercury determination in real samples. Keywords: Hg2+; ion-imprinted polymers; stripping voltammetry; modified carbon paste (CP) electrode P 166 Adsroption behavior of p-Nitrophenol on multi

wall carbon nanotubes. Hadis Rahimpour

Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University, Khuzestan Science & Research, Iran.

E-mail: Rahimpour. hadis@ gmail.com Abstract

The multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as nano-adsorbents for the removal of phenolic pollutants, p-Nitophenol (PNP), from aqueous solutions. In This experiments were studied effect of various parameters, such as pH, initial PNP Concentration, temperature , contact time on adsorbent . Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to describe the isotherms and find isotherm Constants. The Freundlich model was well agreed with experimental data.The Pseudo- first- order, Psedudo –second- order, and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were used to under- stand the mechanism of the adsorption process and it fitted very well the pseudo-second- order kinetic model. Keywords: P-Nitrophenol, multi wall carbon nano-tubes , adsorption

P 167 Determination of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme

activity based on lactate modified sol-gel electrode

M.R. Majidi, M.S. Hejazi, S. Gholizadeh, M. Nazarpur

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Determination of lactate dehydrogenase was developed using lactate immobilized onto sol-gel network. Lactate was immobilized on the sol-gel electrode. This sensor composed of a sol-gel electrode modified with lactate followed by immobilization the mixture of LDH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) cofactor. The voltammetric responses were based on the decrease of lactate peak current which was oxidized to pyruvate in the enzymatic reaction under catalysis of LDH. The sensor displayed a linear response range from 0.022-1.65 U/µl for LDH with detection limit of 0.021 U/µl. Keywords: Lactate dehydrogenase, Lactate, Square Wave Voltammetry, Sol-gel derived carbon ceramic Electrode, NAD+, Cyclic Voltammetry P 168

Electrocatalytic Activity of Iron (II)

Phthalocyanine toward Oxidation of Guanine and ss-DNA

Seyran Ghaderi, Masoud Ayatollahi Mehrgardi* Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan81746-73441, Iran E-mail: m.mehrgardi@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

In the present study, the mechanism of electrochemical oxidation of guanine and ss-DNA on the surface of Iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) has been investigated. Modification of CPE with FePc causes considerable enhancement in the responses of guanine and ss-DNA oxidations. Two linear dynamic ranges for guanine (1×10-7 - 1.3×10-5 M and 1.3×10-5 -3×10-5 M) and two linear dynamic ranges for ss-DNA (5.08×10-6 -1.016 ×10-5 M and 1.016×10-5 – 4.572×10-5 M) are obtained. Detection limits of 5.8 × 10-8 M and 1 × 10-6 M are obtained for guanine and ss-DNA, respectively. Also the transfer coefficient (α) for electrocatalytic oxidation of guanine is obtained under the experimental conditions. Keywords: Iron (II) phthalocyanine, Guanine, ss-DNA, Carbon paste electrode P 169

Synthesis and investigation of electrochemical behavior of thionin modified core-shell iron oxide

magnetic nonoparticles

79

E. Ghasemi, Esmaeil Shams* and G.A. Azimi Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan, I.R. Iran E-mail: e_shams@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized by co-precipitating Fe2+ and Fe3+ in an ammonia solution. Then MNPs were coated with silica and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). After activation with glutaraldehyde (GA), thionin (TH) was covalently immobilized on these MNPs. Finally, with the help of magnetic force, the modified MNPs were immobilized on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE) and the electrochemical behavior of thionin was investigated. Cyclic voltammetry studies showed that the thionin modified-MNPs (TH-MNPs) on the electrode surface sustained the same electrochemical properties as that of the thionin in solution. The modified electrode offers an excellent electrocatalytic response for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. P 170

Simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid at a iron(III) doped zeolite modified multiwall carbon nanotube-ionic liquid paste

electrode Meissam Noroozifar *, Mozhgan Khorasani -

Motlagh, Mojtaba Bemanadi Parizi Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan &

Baluchestan, Zahedan, I.R. Iran E-mail : mnoroozifar@chem.usb.ac.ir

Abstract

A iron(III) doped zeolite modified multiwall carbon nanotube-ionic liquid paste electrode (Fe3+Z/CNTILPE) was fabricated and applied for simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). 3-hydroxypropylammonium acetate was used as a new ionic liquid. The modified electrode resolved the overlapped voltammetric responses of dopamine and uric acid in two well-defined differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) peaks. Our results showed that the electrocatalytic activity of Fe3+Z/CNTILPE is more when compared to CNT/ILPE, Fe3+Z/CPE, Z/CPE and bare CPE. The modified electrode showed good selectivity and stability properties. Linear calibration plots were obtained over the range of 39.8 – 272.4 µM with detection limits (3σ) of 13.7 and 8.5 µM for DA and UA, respectively. The electrode with the best conditions is applied for selective determination of DA and UA in complex biological and clinical matrices. P 171

One step synthesis and functionalization of maghemite nanoparticles by precipitation

technique and application for removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution

Abbas Afkhami♣ , Rasoul Norooz-Asl∗ ♣Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University,

Hamadan 65174, Iran ∗Rasoul Norooz-Asl: Payame Noor university,

Maraghe, E-mail hrna21@yahoo.com Abstract

Dyes are important water pollutants which are generally present in the effluents of the textile, leather, food processing, dyeing, cosmetics, paper, and dye manufacturing industries. Methylene blue as a dye extensively applied in textile dyeing. Therefore removal of methylene blue from wastewaters and ground waters is of significant importance from an environmental point of view and it is important to remove and recover this dye from waters, using low cost treatments. In this study we have synthesized successfully the functionalized maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles by a chemical precipitation technique of ferric ions and an amino acid (L-Lysine) in alkaline solution in one step. The structure and morphology of the nanoparticles were studied using SEM and FTIR. The average size of the functionalized nanoparticles was estimated to be 50 nm. The nanoparticles can be easily dispersed in aqueous media. The synthesized nanoparticles were used as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and were studied in batch mode. The effects of agitation time and initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH were examined. Adsorption reached equilibrium within <10 min and was independent of initial dye concentration. The removal efficiency was highly pH dependent and the optimal adsorption occurred at pH 7.5 - 11.0 The Langmuir adsorption capacity(qmax) was found to be 60.3 mg methylene blue /g of the adsorbent. This study showed that L-lysine functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, was an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution. This method combining nanoparticle adsorption and the magnetic separation technique was applied to water samples and found to be non expensive, effective and simple to- use compared to the present treatment technologies. Keywords: cationic dye adsorption; functionalized maghemite nanoparticles; uv-vis spectrophotometry; FTIR. P 172

Electrochemical and spectroscopic investigations

on the interaction of Idarubicin with ct-DNA Maedeh Esnaashari Isfahani, Masoud Ayatollahi

Mehrgardi* Department of chemistry, University of

Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran Email: m.mehrgardi@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

In this study, the interaction of an anticancer drug, Idarubicin (IDA), with calf-thymus DNA is

80

investigated using different electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques including cyclic voltammetry, UV-VIS and florescence spectroscopy. Serial additions of DNA to IDA solution cause a decrease in the absorbance of UV-VIS spectra and also quenching in the intensity of its fluorescence spectra. Also the electrochemical behavior of IDA is investigated by performing some voltammetric experiments at different scan rates. These results demonstrate that IDA can be oxidized and reduced quasi-reversibly at moderate potentials under diffusion control. Also serial additions of DNA to IDA solution causes diminish in the peak currents of IDA in catodic and anodic regions both. All spectroscopic and electrochemical experiments reveal that IDA has strong interaction with DNA. Keywords: Idarubicin, ct-DNA, Anti-cancer.

P 173

Simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid by modified glassy carbon electrode

with immobilized tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) on the multi walled

carbon nanotube-nafion Meissam Noroozifar*, Mozhgan Khorasani-

Motlagh, Neda Soltanpour Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan &

Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Abstract

The present work describes the construction of a new modified electrode by casting the appropriate mixture of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) dinitrate (TPI) as a mediator on the multiwalled carbon nanotube and nafion (NF) as a covering agent at the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GC/MWCNT-TPI-NF). The modified glassy carbon electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The voltammetric studies using the GC/MWCNT-TPI-NF electrode show two well-resolved anodic peaks for DA and UA with a potential difference of 181 mV, revealing the possibility of the simultaneous electrochemical detection of these compounds. The optimum analytical conditions were sought. Linear calibration plots were obtained over the range of 5×10−6–1.15×10−4 and 1.0×10−5–2.2×10−3 M with detection limits (3σ) of 4.94 ×10−7 and 7.8×10−6 M for DA and UA, respectively. The electrode with the best conditions is applied for selective determination of DA and UA in complex biological and clinical samples. P 174

Characterization of nanoporous molecular assemblies using external redox probes S. A. Mozaffari 1* and Su-Moon Park 2

1 Advanced Institute of Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology

(IROST),

P.O. Box: 15815-3538, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Chemistry and Center for

Integrated Molecular Systems, Pohang University of Science and Technology,

Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea * E-mail: Mozaffari2004@yahoo.com

Abstract

We report a detailed study of the physical and chemical properties of nanoporous, organothiol, mixed Captopril/3-Mercapto-1-Propanol (Capt/MPOH) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode. Techniques like cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with three external redox probes (including Fe(CN)6

3−/4−, para-benzoquinone (PBQ), and cytochrome c (Cyt c)) are used to investigate the monolayer structure and ion permeation through it. The results show that the electron transfer to/from redox couples is depending upon their hydrated radii, ionic charges, and heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants of the probes. Our finding reveals that the probe molecules with the right combination of physical and chemical characteristics can penetrate the nanoporous film and exchange electrons with the underlying Au electrode surface; also for the big size probes the favorable orientation at the surface is very effective. Keywords: Gold modified electrode, Mixed self assembled monolayer, Nanoporous film, Impedance spectroscopy, Cytochrome c P 175 Electrochemical synthesis of poly(anisidine-co-o-

aminophenol) Bakhshali Massumi ,Solmaz Sarmast*

Department of Chemistry,University of Payame Noor, Tabriz,I.R.Iran

Email:bakhshalim@yahoo.com Abstract

Poly(anisidine-co-o-aminophenol)hasbeensynthesized electrochemically in the solution consisting of 0.2M anisidine ,1 M H2So4 and various concentrations of o-aminophenol.Deposition conditions on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode (Working electrode) , influence of the mol ratios of monomers on the formation of copolymers and the electro activity of copolymers were investigated using cyclic voltammetry.The electrochemical polymerizations of the monomers and the electrochemical copolymerization of anisidine with o-aminophenole were performed in the potential range between - 0.3 and 1.1 V at the scan rate of 25 mV/s. One of advantages using the electrochemical method to synthesize the copolymer is more convenient to find the optimum conditions of the copolymerization relative to the chemical method.The electrochemical activity of Poly (anisidine-co-o-aminophenol) synthesized at the optimum conditions is even better than that of polyanisidine in the solution with

81

PH≤3.This is mainaly attributed to that Poly (anisidine-co-o-aminophenol) has a polyanisidine like structure and partly due to o-aminophenol unite in the copolymer chain. P 176 Stanless steel anodized fibers with nano porous

layer for determination of methanol by differential pulse voltammetry

Farideh Mosavi a, Reza Emamali Sabzi b *, Alireza Salehi a, M. Bargshadi b

a Department of chemistry, faculty of science, Paymnoor Urmia university, I.R. Iran

b Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran

E mail: rezasabzi@yahoo.com Abstract

We prepared Stainless steel fiber with nano porous layer by anodic oxidation process. For this purpose Stainless steel fibers anodized in different conditions. Some parameters, including voltage, current density and electrolyte in room temperature were optimized. The prepared fiber characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM observations revealed that this fiber has uniform straight channels penetrating through the fiber wall. The prepared fibers used as a SPME fiber for methanol‘s headspace (HS) in a closed cell. The extraction carried out in different temperature with fibers. In order to study the effect of temperature on the extraction process, the study was carried out by varying the temperature in the range from 20 to 60 oC for 20min. The experimental results show that many components could be extracted from HS of volatile compounds by anodized fibers. A detailed characterization of the electrochemical behavior of methanol was performed using cyclic voltammetry and Differential Pulse Voltammetric (DPV) methods. Keywords: Stainless steel fiber, methanol oxidation, DPV P 177 Electrochemical Study of Acetaminophen in the

Presence of N-acetylcysteine Mohammad Alimoradi . Morteza allahyar*. Sahar

Alion, Vahid Mahboobi a,bDepartment of chemistry,Faculty of

Science,Islamic Azad University,Arak Branch, Iran . E- mail: mortezaallahyar@yahoo.com

Abstract

Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophene (N–acetyl–p–aminophenol)(1) has been studied in the presence of N-acetylcysteine(2) as nucleophile in aqueous solution, by means of cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. The results indicate the participation of electrochemically generated N-acetyl-p-quinoneimine in Michael reaction with 2 to form the

corresponding aminoquinone derivatives (3). Based on EC mechanism, the observed homogeneous rate constant (k0) of the above mentioned reaction is estimated by comparing the experimental cyclic voltammograms with the digital simulated results. P 178

Iron oxide nanorods as adsorbers for heavy metals ions from water

H. Karami*, Elham Chidar Nano Research Laboratory, Department of

Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Abhar, Iran,

Email: karami_h@yahoo.com Abstract

In this work, iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by the pulsed current direct oxidation of iron substrate versus two 316 L steel electrodes as cathode in 2 M potassium hydroxide solution. The morphology and the particles sizes of the prepared samples were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A wide experimental set was designed for optimization of the amount of each parameter to obtain uniform nanorods with 67 nm diameter and 900 nm length as followings: potassium hydroxide concentration (0 to 6 M), pulse frequency (0 to 24 Hz), current density (3 mA.cm-2 to 200 mA.cm-2), solution temperature (0 to 95°C) and different amount of three additives as structure director of synthesis (sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-114, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and Saccharine). The optimized iron oxide nanorods in nanopowder form was used as solid phase absorber of heavy metal ions including Cd, As, Pb, Fe, Ni, Zn to purify the water. 100 mg iron oxide nanopowder was added to 1000 ml water including the proposed ions. The mixture was stirred for 1 h then, filtrated by membrane. All adsorbed ions were eluted by 5 ml 3 M HNO3. The concentrations of the eluted ions were determined by ICP-AES. The obtained results showed that Fe3O4 nanorods can efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions from water. The effect of initial solution pH, temperature, type and concentration of eluent and the presence of other ions was studied. Experimental results showed that 1 g Fe3O4 nanorods can be used for complete removal of heavy metal ions with 60 ppm concentration from 10 litter water. Keywords: Iron oxide; Nanorods; Solid phase; Heavy metals; Water purifying P 179 Electrochemical Study of Acetaminophen in the

Presence of N-acetylcysteine Mohammad Alimoradi . Morteza allahyar*. Sahar

Alion, Vahid Mahboobi a,bDepartment of chemistry,Faculty of

Science,Islamic Azad University,Arak Branch, Iran . E- mail: mortezaallahyar@yahoo.com

82

Abstract Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophene

(N–acetyl–p–aminophenol)(1) has been studied in the presence of N-acetylcysteine(2) as nucleophile in aqueous solution, by means of cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. The results indicate the participation of electrochemically generated N-acetyl-p-quinoneimine in Michael reaction with 2 to form the corresponding aminoquinone derivatives (3). Based on EC mechanism, the observed homogeneous rate constant (k0) of the above mentioned reaction is estimated by comparing the experimental cyclic voltammograms with the digital simulated results. P 180

Pyrolytic carbon film electrode for the determination of thiols A. Rouhollahi*, M. Hadi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: rouhollahi@kntu.ac.ir Abstract

The determination of cysteine and glutathione is reported as an example of using the pyrolytic carbon film electrode (PCF) in electroanalysis. The oxidation of these sulfur-containing compounds showed well-defined irreversible signals and showed that PCF has higher sensitivity than glassy carbon (GC) electrode. Also, compared to GC electrode, the responses were found to be electrocatalytic with lower overpotential and higher signal-to-background ratio.

Keywords: Pyrolytic carbon film, cysteine, glutathione

P 181

Cyclic voltammetric determination of acetaminophen by Fe(III)-ZSM-5 zeolite-

modified electrodes Alireza Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh, Pouya Pouladsaz*,

Atefeh Badria Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Shahreza Branch,Shahreza. I.R. Iran E-mail: p_pouladsaz@yahoo.com

Abstract

Carbon-paste electrodes modified with Fe(III)-Y zeolite have been used to study the electrocatalytic oxidation of acetaminophen. The ion-exchange behavior of the modified electrodes in different supporting electrolytes was investigated. Maximum cathodic and anodic currents due to reduction and oxidation of the exchanged Fe(III) ions was observed in KNO3 0.1 M, pH 5. The modified electrode acts as a catalyst for electrooxidation of acetaminophen. The faster rate of electron transfer results in a great enhancement of the anodic peak current compared to those observed for the unmodified electrode. The

effect of several parameters such as pH and concentration of the supporting electrolyte was investigated. The cyclic voltammetric response of the electrode to acetaminophen is linear in the range 0.13 to 18 mM with a detection limit of 0.02 mM Kewwords: Carbon paste electrode, Modified electrode, Acetaminophen P 182 The effect of Mono and Bis- morpholinomethyl-urea as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in 1M

H2SO4 N. Soltani a, A. Teimouri*b

aPayame Noor University (PNU), Shahin Shahr Branch, Isfahan, Iran

bPayame Noor University (PNU), Isfahan, Iran Abstract

The inhibition effect of Mono and Bis- morpholinomethyl-urea on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M H2SO4 has been studied by weight and polarization loss measurements. Polarization curves indicated that the inhibitors behave mainly as mixed type inhibitor. The inhibitors were adsorbed on the steel surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. From the adsorption isotherm, some thermodynamic data for the adsorption process were calculated and discussed. Kinetic parameters activation such as Ea, ∆H*, ∆S* were evaluated from the effect of temperature on corrosion and inhibition processes. Keywords: Acid solutions, Mild steel, Polarization, Acid inhibition P 183

2-(2,3-dihydroxy phenyl)-1,3-dithiane Self-Assembled Gold Electrode for the Simultaneous

Determination of Epinephrine and Uric acid Hadi Beitollahi, *a Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani,

a, Mohammad Kazem Amini, b, Bibi-Fatemeh Mirjalili a, Ali Akbari a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195-741, I.R. Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81744-73441, Iran

E-Mail: h.beitollahi@yahoo.com Abstract

In the present paper, the use of a 2-(2,3-dihydroxy phenyl)-1,3-dithiane Self-Assembled Monolayer (DPDSAM) for the determination of epinephrine (EP) and uric acid (UA) was described. In the first part of the work, cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the redox properties of this modified electrode at various scan rates. The apparent charge transfer rate constant, ks, and transfer coefficient, α, were calculated. In the second part of the work, the mediated oxidation of EP at the modified electrode was described. It has

83

been found that under optimum condition (pH 8.0) in cyclic voltammetry, the oxidation of EP occurs at a potential about 155 mV less positive than that of an unmodified gold electrode. The values of electron transfer coefficients (α), catalytic rate constant (k) and diffusion coefficient (D) were calculated for EP, using electrochemical approaches. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) exhibited linear dynamic range and a detection limit (3σ) of 0.51 µM for EP. In the third part of the work, simultaneous determination of EP and UA at the modified electrode was described. Finally, this method was used for the determination of EP in EP injection. Keywords: Epinephrine, Uric acid, Self-assembled monolayers, Electrocatalysis P 184

Development and analytical application of a novel nanostructure electrochemical sensor for

electrocatalytic determination of norepinephrine in the presence of acetaminophene and

tryptophan Hadi Beitollahi, *a Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani,

a, Mohammad Kazem Amini, b Bibi-Fatemeh Mirjalili a, Ali Akbari a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195-741, I.R. Iran

b Chemistry Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81744-73441, Iran

E-Mail: h.beitollahi@yahoo.com Abstarct

In the present paper, the use of a novel carbon paste electrode modified by 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde-2,4-dinitro phenyl hydrazone (DDP) and carbon nanotubes prepared by a simple and rapid method for the determination of norepinephrine (NE), acetaminophen (AC) and tryptophan (Trp) was described. In the first part of the work, surface morphology of the modified electrode was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the second part cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the redox properties of this modified electrode at various scan rates. The apparent charge transfer rate constant, ks, and transfer coefficient, α, for electron transfer between DDP and carbon nanotube paste electrode were calculated. In the third part, the mediated oxidation of NE at the modified electrode was described. It has been found that under optimum condition (pH 7.0) in cyclic voltammetry, the oxidation of NE occurs at a potential about 215 mV less positive than that of an unmodified carbon paste electrode. The values of electron transfer coefficients (α), catalytic rate constant (k) and diffusion coefficient (D) were calculated for NE, using electrochemical approaches. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) exhibited two linear dynamic ranges and a detection limit (3σ) of 77.0 ± 2 nM for NE. In the fourth part, simultaneous determination of NE, AC and Trp at the modified electrode was

described. Finally, this method was used for the determination of NE in some real samples, using standard addition method. Keywords: Norpinephrine, Acetaminophene, Tryptophan, Carbon nanotube P 185

Voltammetric Study of the Complexation of Al(Ш) with 1,3-Dihydroxythioxanthone in

Acetonitrile Abdollah Yari, Fatemeh Norouzi

1 – Lorestan University faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Falakalaflak Street

6813717133, Khorramabad - IRAN Email:f1norouzi@gmail.com

Abstract

In this work, we are studying the complexation of 1,3 -dihydroxy thioxanthone (TX), figure 1, with Al(Ш) in acetonitrile by some electrochemical methods .The results from using voltametric methods such as cyclic (CV), square wave (SWV) that the reduction of the resulted complexes are irreversible and the ligand forms two different stoichiometry 1:1 and 1:2 (metal:ligand)complexes with Al(Ш) in the solution .The stability constants of the Al(Ш)-TX complexes were evaluated with the DeFord-Hume procedure at different ligand concentrations using SWV. Keywords: square wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, complexation, thioxanthone P 186 Electrochemical determination of tryptophan at

Au nano particle modified carbon paste electrode

Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi*, Mohsen Behpour, Faezeh Saeidi Nejad

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: s.m.ghoreishi@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

A new chemically modified electrode is constructed for determination of tryptophan (Trp ) based on Au nano particle modified carbon paste electrode (AuNPs/CPE).The measurements were carried out by application of voltammetry methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronocuolometry, chronoamperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution with pH 3.0 . The linear calibration range for Trp was 0.8–700µM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.996, and a detection limit of 0.56µM.The electrochemical parameters such as diffusion coefficient (D), electron transfer coefficient (α) and electron transfer rate constant were also determined for the Trp oxidation.The proposed method was successfully

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applied for determination Trp in biological systems and pharmaceutical samples. P 187

Determination of Trace Amounts of Platinum by Adsorptive Cathodic StrippingVoltammetry in

the Presence of Thio-Michler's Ketone Ahmad Akrami a,b,*, Fatemeh Bagheban Shahri a,b,

Ali Niazi a,b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran b Yong Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail: ahmad.akrami.60@gmail.com

Abstract

Platinum forms the complexes with Thio-Michler's Ketone in the acidic solution. An adsorptive differential pulse stripping method for the determination of platinum is proposed. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of platinum on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in the presence of TMK, followed by reduction of adsorbed platinum by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation. The optimum experimental conditions are: TMK concentration of 0.20 µg mL-1, pH 4.5, accumulation potential of -600 mV versus Ag/AgCl, accumulation time of 140 s, scan rate of 40 mV s-1 and pulse height of 100 mV. The peak current is proportional to the concentration of platinum over range of 2-145 ng mL-1, and the detection limit is 0.81 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation (n=3) for 0.06 µg mL-1 platinum is 0.75%. The proposed method was applied to the determination of platinum in water samples with satisfactory results

Keywords: Thio-Michler's Ketone (TMK), Stripping, Differential pulse voltammetry P 188

Potentiometric study some of transition metal

ions complexes 2, 9-dimethyl 1, 10-phenantroline and cheldamic acid proton-transfer system in

aqueous solutions Ardeshir Shokrollahi*, Mehrourang Ghaedi, Elham

Karami

Chemistry Department, University of Yasouj, Yasouj 75918-79831, Iran

E-mail: ashokrollahi@mail.yu.ac.ir Abstract

The protonation constants of 2,9-dimethyl 1,10-phenantroline (dmp) and cheldamic acid (chel), the equilibrium constants for the chel-dmp proton transfer system and the stoichiometry and stability of complexation of this system with Cr(III), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions in a aqueous solution were investigated by potentiometric pH titration method. The concentration distribution diagrams of all binary and mixed systems were obtained in terms of percent metal ions as a pH function. The

stoichiometry of the most complexes species in solution was found to be very similar to the crystalline cited metal ion complexes. Keywords: potentiometry, mixed ligand complex, aqueous solution P 189 Estimation of hydralazine in commercial sample on tin hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles modified

carbon ceramic electrode Habib Razmi*, Arezou Taghvimi, Hassan Heidari

Electrochemistry Research Lab., Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat

Moallem, P.O. Box: 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran, E-mail: h.razmi@azaruniv.edu

Abstract

The present work describes the construction of a new tin hexacyanoferrate (SnHCF) modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) by electrochemical procedure for the first time. The electrochemical behavior of the resulting modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The SnHCF modified CCE exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of hydralazine at a reduced over potential. Limit of detection was found to be 0.83 µM by chronoamperometric method. This method was applied for the determination of hydralazine in commercially available tablet. The results revealed that the modified electrode could be used as effective sensor for real samples. Keywords: Tin hexacyanoferrate, Carbon ceramic electrode, Electrocatalysis, Hydralazine P 190

Study of complex formation between dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 and UO2

+2 cation in different non-aqueous binary solutions using

condutometric method Gholam hosein Rounaghi*, Fahime Razghandi Department of chemistry, Faculty of sciences

,Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad-Iran E-mail:ghrounaghi@yahoo.com

Abstract

In the present work, the complexation process between UO2

+2 cation and the macrocyclic ligand, dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) was studied in ethylacetate-1,2-dichloroethane (EtOAc/DCE), acetonitrile-1,2-dichloroethane (AN/DCE), and methanol-1,2- dichloroethane (MeOH/DCE) and ethanol-1,2-dichloroethane (EtOH/DCE) binary solutions at different temperatures using the conductometric method. The conductance data show that in most cases, the stoichiometry of the complex formed between DCH18C6 and UO2

+2 cation in most cases is 1:1 [M:L], but in some solvent systems also a 1:2 [M:L2] complex is formed in solutions. The results obtained in this study, show

85

that the mechanism of complex formation reactions between the macrocyclic ligand and the metal cation may change with the nature and even the composition of the mixed binary solvents. The thermodynamic qantities and the values of stability constant of (DCH18C6.UO2)

+2complex which were obtained from conductometric data, show that the stability of the complex and the thermodynamics of the comlexation process are influenced by the nature and also the composition of the solvent systems.

Keywords : dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6, UO2

+2,Mixed solvent, Conductometry P 191 Voltammetric Determination of trace amount of

2-Mercaptobenzoxazole in water samples on nanoporous gold electrode

H. Parham, B. Zargar, A. Safarpoor Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, S Chamran university of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

E-mail: Safarpoor6@yahoo.com Abstract

Nanoporous surface of gold electrode was directly formed by using a continuous pulsed-potential (CPP) technique. The electrocatalytic behavior of this modified gold electrode was exploited as a sensitive detection system for determination of 2-Mercaptobenzoxazole (MBO) at relatively low concentration in water samples by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Effect of various parameter such as pH, ionic strength, pulse height, pulse time, scan rate was optimized. This method shows linear dynamic range of 0.6-60 µg/mL with R2=0.997 with the calculated detection limit of 0.18 µg/mL based on 3Sb.

Keywords: 2-Mercaptobenzoxazole, nanoporous Gold electrodes, Differential pulse voltammetry P 192

An electroactive self-assembled monolayer for electrocatalytic determination of dopamine Ashraf Salmanipour*, Mohammad Ali Taher,

Alireza Mohadesi Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133,

Kerman, Iran. E-mail: a_salmanipour_k@yahoo.com

Abstract

The gold electrode surface was modified through a three step method and functionalized with protocatechuic acid (PCA) groups successfully. The electrochemical studies revealed that physically and chemically stable film was formed. The modification involves a three-step method; (i) preparation of cysteamine (Cys) self-assembled monolayer (SAM), (ii) activation of carboxylic groups of PCA in solution with EDC/NHS and (iii) modification of Cys-SAMs by activated PCA to

functionalize the SAM by catechol-terminated groups. Also, the resulting thin film modified electrode was tested successfully for electrocatalysis of dopamine (DA) in aqueous solution. Keywords: Self assembled monolayers, Protocatechuic acid, Cysteamine, Dopamine P 193 Ionophore based-carbon paste electrode modified

by carbon nanotubes and ionic liquid for potentiometric determination of ultra trace of

Hg(II) ion Shima Mirakhorli* , Hadi Khani

Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran

∗ E-mail address: shimamirakhorli@gmail.com

Abstract In this article a super selectivity and sensitivity

potentiometric methodology, using an ion-selective electrode, for determination of mercury ion(II) in aqueous solution was investigated. For modification of the electrode a room temperature ionic liquid, 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM.BF4), was applied as a super conductive binder, and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) was used in the composition of the carbon paste to improve of conductivity and transduction of chemical signal to electrical signal. Moreover, incorporation of 1-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)triazene (ENTZ) as an ionophore to this composition caused to significantly enhanced selectivity toward Hg(II) ions over a wide concentration range of 1.0 × 10-4 to 5.0 × 10-9 M with a lower detection limit of 2.5 × 10-9 M (0.5 ppb) and a Nernstian slope of 29.3 ± (0.2) mV decade−1 of Hg(II) activity. The electrode has a short response time (~5 s) and can be used for at least 55 days without any considerable divergence in potentials, and the working pH range was 2.0-4.3. Finally, the proposed electrode was successfully used as an indicator for potentiometric determination of Hg(II) in dental amalgam and water samples.

Keywords: Mercury determination; Carbon paste electrode; Carbon Nanotubes; ionic liquid P 194 Novel selective coated-wire potentiometric sensor for venlafaxine determination in pharmaceutical

compounds and urine Ali A. Ensafi, R. Faridfar, Ali R. Allafchian

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

Abstract

The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane sensor for the determination of venlafaxine is described. The sensor having

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venlafaxine-sodium tetraphenyl phthalate (ion-pair) as an electroactive material and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as an anion excluder in a PVC matrix in the percentage ratio of 5.1:66.0:28.9 (ion-pair:DBP:PVC, w/w). The sensor exhibits a linear response to venlafaxine in a concentration range of 1.0 × 10–2 to 8.0 × 10−6 mol L–1 with a limit of detection of 5.0 × 10−6 mol L–1 and with a slope of –29.4±0.1 mV decade–1 over the pH range 3.0–9.0. Selectivity coefficients of the sensor for venlafaxine relative to a numbers of potential interfering substances were investigated. The sensor is highly selective for venlafaxine over a large number of similar compounds. The sensor showing a fast response time of 10 s and was used over a period of 2 months with a good reproducibility. The sensor was successfully applied to determine venlafaxine in pharmaceutical, urine and blood serum samples with satisfactory results. Keywords: Potentiometric sensor; Venlafaxine determination; Sodium tetraphenyl phthalate. P 195 Determination of carbamazepine at an Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode

by using differential pulse voltammetry Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh*, Reyhaneh

Refahati, Ehsan Amereh** *Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University,

Tehran, Iran ** Iranian Institute of Research & Development in

Chemical Industries, Tehran, Iran Email : refahati@yahoo.com

Abstract

A carbon-paste electrode (CPE) modified with Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite was used for sensitive voltammetric determination of carbamazepine (CBZ). The results show an efficient catalytic activity of electrooxidation of CBZ. The voltammetric behaiviour of CBZ was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).The effect of pH was investigated and the maximum peak current found at pH=1.8. Thus, an acidic solution of Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer was chosen to optimize the deposition condition. Under the selected condition, the oxidation peak current was linearly dependent on the concentration of CBZ in the range of 2.5×10-6

to 1.0×10-4 molL-1 with a detection limit of 8.5×10-7 molL-1. The method was then successfully utilized for the determination of carbamazepine in its tablets and a mean recovery of 99.1% was obtained. Keywords: Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite, carbon paste electrode, carbamazepine P 196 Thermodynamic studies and stability constants

determination

of α- phenylalanine complexes with Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, Zn+2, and Pb+2 metal ions in water and

water-dioxane mixtures by potentiometry E. Ghiamati*, Samieh Oliaei Torshizi

Chemistry Department, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran

E-mail: e ghiamati@yahoo.com

Abstract Stability constant of α-phenylalanine complexes

with Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, Zn+2, and Pb+2 metals ions have been determined by potentiomeric titrations. The experiments were performed in water and water-dioxane mixtures ( 30%-70%, 50%-50% and 70%-30%) at four different temperatures, 25, 37,45, 55˚C and ionic strength of I=0.1 mol dm-3. The comparison of the stability constants in dioxane-water mixture reveals higher values with respect to water alone. The results indicate that the relative orders of stability of α-phenylalanine with the above mentioned metal ions in water and mixtures of water-dioxane are the same as follows: Kf Cu(II)-Phen> Kf Pb(II)- Phen> KfNi(II)- Phen > K f Zn(II)- Phen > Kf Co (II)Phen Furthermore, standard thermodynamic parameters (∆G0, ∆H0, ∆S0) were calculated. Keywords: phenylalanine, Potentiometric titrations, stability constants P 197

Application of nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 as ionophore for preparation of a Pb(II) ion-

selective PVC membrane potentiometric sensor A. A. Zamani, S. Jalali , Z. Mofidi, M. R. Yaftian* Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

45195-313 Zanjan, Iran. yaftian@znu.ac.ir. Abstract

The preparation of a lead ion-selective electrode based on nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 (NB18crown6) as ionophore is reported. The sensor, comprising 30% PVC, 58.5% solvent mediator ortho-nitrophenyloctylether, 9% ionophore and 2.5% sodium tetraphenylborate demonstrates the best potentiometric response characteristics. It exhibits a nearly Nernstian slope (30.5 ± 1.0 mV per decade) over a concentration range 1.0×10-5-1.0×10-2 M of Pb2+ with a detection limit of 7.8×10-6 M. The response time of the electrode was found to be very fast ca. 6 s, and it can be used for three month without major deviation in potential. The potential of the sensor was independent on the pH variation in the range 2.2-4.1. The selectivity of the electrode was assessed towards lead ions over some mono-, di-, and trivalent cations. The prepared electrode was used successfully as an potentiometric indicator for titration of a lead ion solutions by EDTA.

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Keywords: Crown ethers, Lead ion-selective electrodes, PVC membrane, Chemical sensors.

P 198

Voltammetric determination of some anti depressing drugs using a carbon paste electrode

modified with gold nano particles Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh*, Saiedeh Agh

Atabay *Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University,

Tehran, Iran Email: S.A.Atabay@gmail.com

Abstract

A sensitive electroanalytical methodology for determination of imipramine and nortriptyline using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at a gold nanoparticles carbon paste electrode is presented. The cyclic voltammetric and DPV pulse voltammetric techniques are compared. The effects of scan rate and pH on current were investigated and optimal scan rate of 50 mVs-1 and pH 2.7, 0.1 molL-1 phosphate buffer solution (PBS), were used. Addition of imipramine with detection limit of 0.151 µg L-1 with a detection of 1.42 µg L-1 for nortriptyline. The method was then successfully utilized for the determination of imipramine and nortriptyline in a real sample of their tablets and a recovery of 95% was obtained without interference from tablet matrix. Keywords: Imipramine, Nortriptyline, Differential puls voltammetry, Nano gold particles P 199 Electrochemical behavior of folic acid at sol-gel

carbon ceramic electrode modified with overoxidized polypyrrole and its determination

by differential pulse voltammetry Mir Reza Majidi, Mohammad hasannejad

Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran

E-mail : majidi@tabrizu.ac.ir Abstract

The voltammetric behavior of folic acid (FA)was studied at carbon ceramic electrode modified with overoxidized polypyrrole. The electrode presented agood electrocatalytic activity toward the electrooxidation of FA. The effect of different paprameters such as pH, supporting electrolytes, the method of electrode fabrication on folic acid response were investigated. The modified electrode presented a linear response range for FA concentration 0.1-25µM with detection limits 3.1×10-7 for differential pulse voltammetry techniques, respectively. The modified electrode exhibited excellent sensitivity and stability. In addition, this electrode used for determination of folic acid in biological and other real samples.

Keywords : Folic acid, sol-gel, electrode, modified electrode, overoxidized polypyrrole, electrooxidation. P 200 Cyclic voltammetry study of the electrocatalysis of Sevoflurane reduction by a novel cobalt(III) Schiff base complex in the presence of oxygen

M. Najafi a*, M. Rahbar a, A. Moghimi a, M. Shamsipur b, H. Sharghi c

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran,Iran,

mnajafi@ihu.ac.ir b Department of Chemistry, Razi University,

Kermanshah, Iran c Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University,

Shiraz, Iran

Abstract The electcatalytic reduction of the inhalation

anesthetic agent sevoflurane was investigated in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) solvent in the presence of oxygen and a cobalt (III) Schiff’s base complex. In this condition, the results show that the peak potential for the electro-reduction of sevoflurane is at about -1.67 mV versus Ag/AgCl (satd). The cobalt (III) Schiff’s base complex exhibited potent electrocatalysis for sevoflurane reduction in presence of oxygen with the domination of an overpotential of about 910 mV and an increase in peak current. This study is a continuation of developing an electroanalytical method for the determination of sevoflurane, which would be applicable in clinical practice.

Keywords: Electcatalytic reduction, sevoflurane, cobalt (III) Schiff’s base complex P 201

Removal of Direct Black 22 Dye from Colored Wastewater

by Electrocoagulation J.Basiri Parsa*,F.Nabizadeh Chianeh , A.R .Khataee

Department of Applied Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran E-mail:Parssa@basu.ac.ir

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct an experimental investigation for treatment of colored wastewater using the electrocoagulation method. Removal of Direct Black 22 from solution in a bath system was investigated. The effect of operating parameters such as current density, solution conductivity , initial pH,on the dye removal efficiency have been investigated . Energy consumption was considered as the main criterion of process evaluation. The results showed that applying current density11.42 Am-2, electrolyte concentration of 0.25 g/l and PH=4 for 2L of the Wastewater , the color and COD reduced around 96% and 89% respectively . the results indicated

88

that electrocoagulation process is very efficient method for dye removal . Keywords: Electrocoagulation , Colored Wastewater , Direct Black 22 dye P 202 Preparation and Characterization of Polyaniline

on Aluminum Alloy 3004 via Electropolymerization: Electrochemical Studies

of Corrosion Protection M. Shabani-Nooshabadi, S.M. Ghoreishi,

M.Behpour Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran Abstract

The galvanostatic procedure gave rise to the deposition of a green coating, characteristic of polyaniline in the emeraldine oxidation state, on the surface of AA 3004. The corrosion performances of polyaniline coatings were investigated by the potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results reveal that the polyaniline acts as a protective layer on Al against corrosion in 3.5% NaCl solution. P 203

QSPR modeling of water-to-butyl acetate partition coefficient of some organic compounds

using artificial neural network Hassan Golmohammadi 1*, Zahra Dashtbozorgi 2

1 Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Young researchers

club, Tehran, Iran *Author for correspondence. E-mail:

hassan.gol@gmail.com Abstract

The main aim of the present work was development of a quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR) method using an artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting the water-to-butyl acetate partition coefficients of organic compounds. As a first step, a genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) model was developed; the descriptors appearing in this model were considered as inputs for the ANN. These descriptors are: principal moment of inertia C (IC), HACA-2/TMSA (HACA-2), Kier&Hall index (order 2) (2χ), Balaban index (J), min (>0.1) bond order of a C atom (PC) and relative negative charged SA (RNCS). Then a 6-5-1 neural network was generated for the prediction of water-to-butyl acetate partition coefficients of 81 organic compounds. By comparing of the results obtained from multiple linear regression and ANN models, it can be seen that statistical parameters (Fisher ratio, correlation coefficient and standard error) of the ANN model are better than that regression model,

which indicates that nonlinear model can simulate the relationship between the structural descriptors and the partition coefficients of the investigated molecules more accurately. Keywords: quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR), artificial neural network (ANN), water-to-butyl acetate partition coefficient P 204 Prediction of gas to water partition coefficient of

some organic compounds from theoretically derived molecular descriptors

Hassan Golmohammadi 1*, Zahra Dashtbozorgi 2

1 Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Young researchers

club, Tehran, Iran *Author for correspondence. E-mail:

hassan.gol@gmail.com Abstract

An artificial neural network (ANN) was constructed and trained for the prediction of gas to water partition coefficients of various organic compounds. The inputs of this neural network are theoretically derived descriptors that were chosen by genetic algorithm-partial least squares (GA-PLS) feature selection technique. These descriptors are: HA dependent HDCA-2(HDCA-2), Average bond order of a C atom(PC), Kier flexibility index(�),PPSA-3 Atomic charge weighted PPSA(PPSA-3) and DPSA-3 Difference in CPSAs (DPSA-3). By comparing of the results obtained from partial least squares (PLS) and ANN models, it can be seen that statistical parameters (Fisher ratio, correlation coefficient and standard error) of the ANN model are better than that PLS model, which indicates that nonlinear model can simulate the relationship between the structural descriptors and the partition coefficients of the investigated molecules more accurately. Keywords: quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR), artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm-partial least squares (GA-PLS), gas-to-water partition coefficient P 205 Determination of stability constant of complexes

of histidine with Co (II), Ni (II) Zn(II) and Pb (II) metal ions in water and water-

dioxine mixture at different temperatures, a thermodynamic study

Ebrahim Ghiamati*, Ehsaneh Jalaeean Yadavar Chemistry Department, University of Birjand,

Birjand, Iran E-mail: eghiamati@yahoo.com

Abstract

The stability constant of binary complexes of Co (II), Ni (II), Zn (II) and Pb (II) with histidine

89

was studied potentiometrically utilizing Bjerrum method and GRCbeta software at four different temperatures of 298.15±0.03, 303.15±.03, 310.15±.03 and 318.15+0.03 K. Potentiometric titrations were carried out in water and water-dioxane (70%-30%) solutions. Ionic strength of medium was retained at 0.10 M by sodium nitrate. The first and second stability constants were obtained by plotting pH versus concentration of NaOH solution. The results indicate that the order of increasing stability constants is as follows: kf pb

+2-His < kf Co

+2-His < kf Zn

+2-His < kf Ni

+2-His

The effects of dioxane and temperature on the stability constant of histidine will be discussed, following the thermodynamic parameters evaluation. Keywords: Histidine, Potentiometric titrations, stability constants P 206

Prediction of solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide by a new empirical model

Reza Tabaraki*, Aref Toulabi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran E-mail:rezatabaraki@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new empirical equation was proposed to correlate solute solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) with temperature, pressure and density of pure SC-CO2. The proposed equation was ln y=a0+a1P/T+a2PT+a3lnT+a4Ty+a5lnρ, where y2 is the mole fraction solubility of the solute in the supercritical phase, a0–a5 are the model constants calculated by least squares method, P(Mpa) is the applied pressure, T is temperature (K) and ρ is the density of pure SC-CO2. The accuracy of the proposed model and eleven other empirical equations employing P, T and ρ variables were evaluated using 277 published solubility data sets by calculating the average of absolute relative deviation (AARD). The mean AARD for the proposed model is 9.82(±13.00), which is an acceptable error when compared with the experimental uncertainty. The mean AARD values for Chrastil model 25.77(±49.79), Del Valle and Aguilera(VA) 22.27(±32.73), Kumar and Johnsston(K-J) 25.28(±49.65), Gordillo 19.03(±24.42), Jouyban 13.52(±22.90), Jafari nezhad 18.38(±22.70), Yu 73.52(±338.05), Bartle 30.28(±71.87), Mendez-Santiago and Teja(MST) 28.37(±48.95), Adachi and Lu(AL) 14.42(±26.49) and Sparks is 14.29(±26.51). The proposed model presented more accurate correlation for solubility data in SC-CO2. It can be employed to speed up the process of SCF applications in industry. P 207

Charge distribution calculations for the prediction of selectivity in molecularly

imprinting polymers

Abolbafzl Azimia, Mehran Javanbakhta,*, Siavash Riahib

a Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, e-mail:

Javanbakht@aut.ac.ir, b Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of

Tehran Abstract

In this research a computational approach was applied to consider the correlation between charge distribution and selectivity of hydroxyzine and cetrizine based-imprinted polymers. The MAA (methacrylic acid) was chosen as functional monomer and EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylat) was chosen as cross linker for hydroxyzine and cetrizine imprinting polymer. For evaluation of imprinted polymers selectivity, absorptions of interfering molecules in imprinted polymer were measured and log Kselectivity for interfering molecules were determined. For evaluation of charge distribution of molecules on log Kselectivity , interfering molecule configurations were optimized using DFT B3LYP at 6-31G basis set level. Then charge distribution of each molecule was calculated and their correlation with log Kselectivity was determined. A linear correlation between charge distribution and log Kselectivity in hydroxyzine and cetrizine imprinted polymers was obtained.

Keywords: Computational approach; Imprinted polymer; Charge distribution, DFT B3LYP 6-31G. P 208

Chemometrics assisted for simultaneous determination of Zinc and Copper ions by an

optical sensor Habibollah Khajeh sharifi, Parisa Kooshesh, Zahra

Eskandari, Hadiseh Heydari Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University,

Yasouj, Iran E-mail address: khajeh_h@yahoo.com

Abstract

Partial least squares (PLS) and orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) and their derivative as multivariate calibration models, were applied for the simultaneous determination of zinc and copper ions by an optical sensor based on the formation of their complexes with 2-carboxy-2′-hydroxy-5′-sulfoformazylbenzene (Zincon). The sensing membrane is made by immobilizing Zincon as an ion pair with methyltrioctylammoniumchloride on a triacetylcellulose membrane . In the presence of Zn2+ and Cu2+ The colour of the membrane changes from purple to blue. The calibration Curve was linear in the range of 0.049-2.00 µg ml-1, and 0.49-9.34 µg ml-1 of Zn2+ and Cu2+ respectively. The number of principal components of Zn and Cu ions for all applied methods was 2 and 3 respectively. The minimum root mean square error

90

of prediction (PRESS) was 0.0075 and 0.2538 for Zn2+ and Cu2+, by PLS, 0.0059 and 0.1455 by OSC-PLS in original data and 0.0052 and 0.1976, by PLS and 0.0020 and 0.0678 by OSC-PLS in derivative data. Keywords: Optical Sensor , Zincon , Copper, Zinc, Chemometrics , UV/Vis spectroscopy , Simultaneous determination

P 209 QSPR study on Gibbs free energy of formation of

alkanes and alkenes using multiple linear regression (MLR) method

Reza Behjatmanesh Ardakani 1, Fatemeh Mollaie Poli*2

1Payame Noor University of Ardakan, 2Payame Noor University of Sirjan

Emai: f.mollaie@yahoo.com Abstract

In the present work, a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study is performed to predict the Gibbs free energy of formation of alkanes and alkenes. As a powerful tool, multivariate linear regression (MLR) is applied to select most statistically effective molecular descriptors on the Gibbs free energy of formation. The good correlation coefficient of R2 (0.995) and crossvalidation correlation coefficient R2

cv (0.990) indicate the excellent capability and stability of the regression equation developed. It was found out that the number of multiple bonds (nBM), Sum of kier –Hall electrotopological states (Ss) and net atomic charges on the most positive atom are important in the model. Keywords: Alkanes, Alkenes, Gibbs free energy of formation, MLR P 210

Quantitative structure-retention relationship

study of pesticides M.R. Hadjmohammadi*, M.H. Fatemi, S.

Khodadoust

Department of analytical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar,

Iran E-mail: saeid.kh64@umz.ac.ir

Abstract

A quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR) approach is employed to predict the retention time (tR) of 43 pesticides from their molecular descriptors which were calculated by Dragon software. After the calculation of molecular descriptors for all molecules, a suitable set of molecular descriptors were selected by using genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR). The best QSRR model based on GA-MLR have the descriptors MLOGP, H6m, Mor07p, Mor28m and C005 with the statistics of Rtrain=0.93, SE=3.03, and

F=35.74. The predictive quality of the QSRR model was tested with an external prediction set of nine compounds, that produces the statistics of Rtest=0.93, SE=3.15 and F=48.06. Also, the robustness of model was evaluated by cross-validation test which gives the Q2=0.75. Results indicate that in this QSRR study, genetic algorithm is a suitable method for selection the molecular descriptors.

Keywords: Pesticide, Quantitative structure–retention relationships (QSRR), Retention time, Genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR). P 211 A study of pesticide sorption by perlite: A three

parameter optimization study Seyed Naser Azizi*& Neda Asemi

Adress: Analytical division, Faculty of chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran, Po Box:

47 416 – 95447, E-mail: n.asemi@umz.ac.ir Abstract

Pesticides are often found in our environment as a result of their application to control pests. In this study perlite, low cost adsorbents, has been proposed to reduce pesticide effect. A Taguchi method was used to select the parameters having the most principle influence on the pesticide removal. Keywords: sorption, pesticide, optimization and perlite P 212

Artificial neural network for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of palladium

and cobalt Habibollah Eskandari*†, Yousef Abbaspour -

Gilandeh††, Mona Ameri† †: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran. ††: Department of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran. E-mail: amery.mona@yahoo.com

Abstract

Artificial neural network (ANN) has been applied for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of palladium and cobalt in trace level. 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) complexes of palladium (Pd) and cobalt (Co) are greenish in acidic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar solutions after formation in neutral pHs. The numbers of used cobalt-palladium samples which were considered as train, validation and test sets were 52, 10 and 10, respectively. The measured absorbances in the wavelength ranges 590-698 nm with 3 nm as intervals for the concentration ranges of 0.0-8.0 µg ml-1 Pd and 0.0-2.4 µg ml-1 Co. A feed

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forward neural network procedure was trained by applying a back-propagation learning rule. The method was applied to various matrices (river, tap, mineral and lake waters) and several synthetic and alloy solutions, successfully. Keywords: Artificial neural network, Palladium, Cobalt, Simultaneous determination P 213

Prediction of solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide by a new empirical model

Reza Tabaraki*, Aref Toulabi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran E-mail:rezatabaraki@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new empirical equation was proposed to correlate solute solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) with temperature, pressure and density of pure SC-CO2. The proposed equation was ln y=a0+a1P/T+a2PT+a3lnT+a4Ty+a5lnρ, where y2 is the mole fraction solubility of the solute in the supercritical phase, a0–a5 are the model constants calculated by least squares method, P(Mpa) is the applied pressure, T is temperature (K) and ρ is the density of pure SC-CO2. The accuracy of the proposed model and eleven other empirical equations employing P, T and ρ variables were evaluated using 277 published solubility data sets by calculating the average of absolute relative deviation (AARD). The mean AARD for the proposed model is 9.82(±13.00), which is an acceptable error when compared with the experimental uncertainty. The mean AARD values for Chrastil model 25.77(±49.79), Del Valle and Aguilera(VA) 22.27(±32.73), Kumar and Johnsston(K-J) 25.28(±49.65), Gordillo 19.03(±24.42), Jouyban 13.52(±22.90), Jafari nezhad 18.38(±22.70), Yu 73.52(±338.05), Bartle 30.28(±71.87), Mendez-Santiago and Teja(MST) 28.37(±48.95), Adachi and Lu(AL) 14.42(±26.49) and Sparks is 14.29(±26.51). The proposed model presented more accurate correlation for solubility data in SC-CO2. It can be employed to speed up the process of SCF applications in industry. P 214

Artificial neural network modeling for density prediction of n-alkanes over a wide range of

temperatures and pressures using theoretically derived descriptors

Zahra Kalantar*, Samira Sha'abani *Department of Chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, Iran Email: zahrakalantar@yahoo.com and

shabani.samira@yahoo.com Abstract

A 4-7-1 artificial neural network was constructed and trained for density prediction of n-

alkanes based on quantitative structure–property relationships. The inputs of this network are two experimental descriptors; pressure and temperature, and two theoretically derived descriptors that were chosen by the stepwise variables selection techniques; molecular weight (MW) and mean electrotopological state (Ms). The data set was randomly divided into three data sets: training (427 point), prediction (122 point) and test set (109 point). After training and optimization of the ANN parameters, the performance of the model was investigated by the test set. The results obtained using ANN were compared with the experimental values as well as with those obtained using regression model and showed the superiority of ANN model over multiple linear regression (MLR) model. Keywords: artificial neural network, MLR, Density, n-alkanes P 215 Prediction of apparent volume of distribution by

QSAR model Zahra Ghorbannezhad*, Zohreh Gharehchahi,

Mohammad Hossein Fatemi, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar ,I. R. Iran.

E-mail: Z.ghorbannezhad@yahoo.com Abstract

Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies are an important part of drug research. A significant aspect of these kinds of studies is the often-found relationship between biological properties of molecules and their chemical structures. Estimate of volume of distribution (Vd) is paramount importance in drug choice as well as maintenance and loading dose calculations in therapeutics. It can also be used in the prediction of drug biological half life. By means of QSAR approach we developed a model to predict the potency of volume of distribution for 129 drugs. First a pool of theoretical molecular descriptors provided mainly by Dragon software in the first step. Then the stepwise multiple linear regression was applied for feature selection and developing of MLR model. Descriptors which were appeared in the best model were: Moriguchi octanol-water partition coeff. (MlogP)., 3D-MoRSE- signal 30 / weighted by atomic van der Waals volumes (Mor30v)., fragment-based polar surface area (PSA)., d COMMA2 value / weighted by atomic masses (DISPm)., Geary autocorrelation/ weighted by atomic sanderson electronegativities (GATS2e)., 3D-MoRSE - signal 02 / weighted by atomic masses (Mor02m)., Geary autocorrelation – lag 5/weighted by atomic van der Waals volumes (GATS5v). The optimal model has the statistics of R= 0.98, F=2833, SE=0.029 for training set and R=0.90, F=54.599, SE=0.087 for internal test set, and R=0.91, F=53, SE=0.080 for external test set. Also y-scrambling

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method was used to investigate the credibility of obtained model. The obtained results indicate the suitability of this model in prediction of volume of distribution.

Keywords: QSAR, Volume of distribution P 216 Simultaneous Determination of Vitamin B0 and B1, B2 and B6 by Spectrophotometric H-Point Standard Addition Method and Partial Least

Squares Regression in Biologic media Ali Niazi *, Atefeh Navabi and Shokufeh Hadavand Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail:ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Vitamin B9 and Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2 and Vitamin B6 by H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) and partial least squares (PLS) calibration is described. Experimental result showed that, the best pH for adsorption was 7. Both the proposed methods (PLS and HPSAM) were successfully applied to the determination Vitamin B9, B1, B2 and B6 in several synthetic and real matrix samples. P 217

Quantitative structure–toxicity relationship study of metalloproteinase inhibition by N-

hydroxy-α-phenylsulfonylacetamide derivatives using Orthogonal Descriptor Correction–partial

least squares Ali Niazi *, Maryam Ghiasi, Mina Montazeri and

Elham Bagheri Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail address: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

A quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR) study is suggested for the prediction of logIC50 of some N-hydroxy-α-phenylsulfonylacetamide derivatives. Modeling of the logIC50 of N-hydroxy-α-phenylsulfonylacetamide derivatives as a function of molecular structures was established by means of the partial least squares (PLS). The subset of descriptors, which resulted in the low prediction error, was selected by Orthogonal Descriptor Correction (ODC). This model was applied for the prediction of the logIC50 of some N-hydroxy-α-phenylsulfonylacetamide derivatives, which were not in the modeling procedure. The errors of prediction low were obtained by using ODS-PLS method. The resulted model showed high prediction ability with RMSEP of 0.253 and 0.0293 for PLS and ODS-PLS models, respectively. Keywords: PLS, ODC, QSAR, metalloproteinase inhibition

P 218

Template/monomer molar ratios, solvents and cross linker effects on molecularly imprinted

polymer selectivity: Computational approaches Abolbafzl Azimia, Siavash Riahib,*, Mehran

Javanbakhta a Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of

Technology, Tehran, Iran b,* Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty

of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, riahi@ut.ac.ir

Abstract

In this research computational approach was applied to screening the solvents, cross linker and template/functional monomer molar ratios effects on intra molecular interaction and probably mechanisms of imprinting polymers. Carbamazepine was selected as template, MAA (Methacrylic Acid), was chosen as functional monomer and TRIM (Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate) was chosen as cross linker. Regarding theoretical (Mulliken atomic charges and bond lengths before and after forming monomer-template complex) and hydrogen bonding properties, possible conformations of 1: n (n≤6) template ⁄ monomer complexes were designed and optimized using HF/6-31G method. The binding energy for each complex in vacuum and in given solvents was determined as complex stability using following equation:

∆E=E (template–monomer complex) − [E (template) + nE (monomer)] (1)

“n” refers to monomers number in Template-monomer complex. For evaluation of template and non template adsorption on imprinted polymer, depend on the most stable complex, imprinted polymer model was designed and optimized using semiemprical PM3 method. Analyses of Milliken atomic charges of this model shows the probably mechanism of adsorption in imprinted polymers and other materials and cross linker effects on molecularly imprinted polymer selectivity. Keywords: imprinted polymer, solvent effect, computational approach P 219

Quantitative structure- activity relationship study on some benzodiazepine derivatives as anti-Alzheimer using chemometrics methods

Ali Niazi *, Nayyereh Khalili, Elham Bagheri and Ali Eslami

Department of chemistry,Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch,Arak,Iran

E-mail: ali.niazi@gmail.com Abstract

A quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) study is suggested for the prediction of logIC50 of some benzodiazepine derivatives as a

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function of molecular structures and using chemometrics methods such as MLR and PLS. The subset of descriptors, which resulted in the low prediction error, was selected by PLS. This model was applied for the prediction of the logIC50 of some benzodiazepine derivatives, which were not in the modeling procedure. The errors of prediction low were obtained by using MLR and PLS method. The resulted model showed high prediction ability with RMSEP of 0.2343 and 0.0046 for MLR and PLS models, respectively. Keywords: Benzodiazepine ,Alzheimer’S disease , QSAR ,MLR , PLS P 220

QSAR Study of Ligustrazine derivatives as potential cerebrocardiac vascular agents

Mehdi Nekoei,1* M. Mohammadhosseini 1, M. Maham 2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood

branch, Shahrood, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Aliabad Katool branch E-mail: m_nekoei1356@yahoo.com

Abstract

Quantitative structure–activity relationship of the ligustrazine derivatives as potential cerebrocardiac vascular agents was studied. A suitable set of molecular descriptors was calculated and the elimination selection stepwise regression was employed to select those descriptors that resulted in the best fitted models. Excellent results were obtained employing multiple linear regressions and critically discussed using a variety of statistical parameters. The accuracy of the proposed MLR model is illustrated using the following evaluation techniques: cross-validation, validation through an external test set and Y-randomization. A stepwise-multiple linear regression model with seven selected descriptors was obtained. This model, with high statistical significance (R2calibration = 0.945, R2

prediction=0.842, Q2LOO = 0.856, Q2

LGO = 0.816), could be used to predict inhibitor activity of the ligustrazine derivatives. Keywords: QSAR, ligustrazine derivatives, MLR, inhibitor activity, chemometrics P 221

Optimization of separation of b-blocker in high

submiceiiar reversed –phase liquid chromatography using Box-Behnken design Pouneh Ebrahimi 1, HodaKhasayesi 2, Soheyla

Honari 3, Alireza Banaei 2 1. Higher Education Center, PO BOX 163, Gonbad,

Iran 2.Faculty of Science, University of Payam Noor,

Ardabil, Iran 3. Pharmaceuticl Research Center, Faculty of

Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Email : hoda2917@Gmail.com Abstract

The chemometrics approach was applied for the optimization of separation of B-blockers in high sub micellarr liquid chromatography (HSC). To optimize the separation of , the effect of six agent experimental parameters on retention was investigated by means of multivariate analysis. The factors considered were the organic modifier concentration in the mobile phase, the length of the alkyl chain of the organic modifier, the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and pH of the mobile phase. The experiments were performed according to a Box-Behnken experimental design. Then, in order to optimize the separation, Pareto-optimality method was employed. The obtained regression models were characterized by both descriptive and predictive ability (R2 ≥ 98.1% and R2cv ≥ 95.2%) and allowed the chromatographic separation of the B-blockerwith a good a total analysis time within 45min resolution and a total analysis time within 45 min Keywords: Box-Behnken design ; high sub micellar chromatography; B-blocker P 222

Optimization of strontium (II) uptake by impregnated resins containing mixtures of dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 and 1-Butyl-3-

methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids using orthogonal array design

A.Azadi 2, A.Pourmatin 1,A.R. Khanchi*1, H.faghihian 2,A.Amrollah Abhari 1

1. NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEO 2.Shahid Beheshti University

∗E-mail: akhanchi@aeoi.ac.ir Abstract

Studies on the uptake of strontium ion was carried out by an new extractant impregnated resin containing dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 (DCH18C6) as extractant and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids (BMIM-BF4) as diluent using orthogonal array optimization method . For this purpose, the effects of four factors: Effect of extraction time, pH, metal ion concentration and the ratios of dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 to 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids were investigated. the L16 array with 16 treatment was used to fine the most effective parameters for the extraction of strontium (II) from aqueous solutions. The results of design of experiment showed that the uptake percent is highly dependent on pH and it is the most important factor. After that, the concentration ratios of crown ether to ionic liquids play an important role in the extraction. Moreover, the results of kinetics experiments by

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batch method showed that the adsorption of strontium can be completed after 5 minutes. P 223 Application of activated carbon as adsorbent for removal of Murexide from aqueous solutions -

Kinetic and equilibrium study Ardeshir Shokrollahi*, Mehrourang Ghaedi, Mojdeh.

Ranjbar, Hojjatolah Hossainian Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of

yasouj, yasouj 75918-74831, Iran E-mail: ashokrollahi@mail.yu.ac.ir

Abstract

Activated carbon (AC) has been used as adsorbent for the removal of Murexide from wastewater and the effects of pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage, sieve size of AC, contact time has been investigated in batch method. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–RadushKevich (D–R) and Harkins–Jura isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as, Gibb’s free energy, entropy, enthalpy etc of the on-going adsorption process have been calculated. The kinetic studies by applying different model including, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion suggest the process following second order kinetics and involvement of particle diffusion mechanism. Keywords: Absorption, Activated carbon, Removal, Murexide P 224

Electrochemical study of acetaminophen in presence of 4-amino-3-mercapto-5-pyridl-1,2,4-

triazole Ali Niazi *,a, Masoudeh Sadeghi a and Satar

Ebrahimi b a Department of Chemistry, Isamic Azad Univesity,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran b Department of Chemistry, Isamic Azad Univesity,

Malayer Branch, Malayer, Iran Emial: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

Electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen has been studied in the presence of 4-amino-3-mercapto5-pyridl-1,2,4-triazole as a nucleophile in aqueous solution using cyclic voltammetry determined that this reaction doing in different pH. The results indicate that the quinones from acetaminophen participate in Michael addition reactions with to form the corresponding pyrimidine derivatives. In this work product of oxidation acetaminophen in the presence of 4-amino-3-mercapto5-pyridl-1,2,4-triazole doing additional reaction and mechanism for this electrochemical reaction is EC.

Keywords:Acetaminophen;Electrochemical oxidation;Cyclic voltammetry; o-Benzoquinones P 225

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Studies for Prediction of Synthesized heterocyclic antifungals Derivatives by Genetic Algorithm -

Multiple Linear Regression method Ali Niazi *, Mina Montazeri, Maryam Ghiasi, Elham

Bagheri Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail address: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

A quantitative structure activity relationship study is suggested for the prediction of the antifungals constants of some heterocyclic antifungals derivatives. We perform linear regression analyses on 789 numerical descriptors that encode the various aspects of the topological, geometrical and electronic molecular structure with the aim of achieving the best QSAR relationship between the antifungal potencies against the Candida albicans strain and the structure of 96 heterocyclic ring derivatives. As a realistic application we employ the model found to predict the biological . Modeling of heterocyclic antifungal derivatives as a function of molecular structures was established by means of the different multiple linear regression methods. The subset of descriptors, which resulted in a low prediction error, was selected by genetic algorithm. The developed model has good prediction ability with a root means square error of prediction of 0.03 and 0.05 ,0.07 for MLR, Step-MLR and GA-MLR models. Keywords: GA, MLR, QSAR, heterocyclic antifungals Derivatives P 226

Voltammetric determination of Direct Orange 26 using gold nanoparticles modified carbon paste

electrode Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi*, Samaneh Mazaheri

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R.

Iran Abstract

In this study electrochemical methods for sensitive and accurate determination of direct orange 26(DO26) were developed using a gold nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode (nAu/CPE). The experimental conditions such as determining medium, pH and accumulation time for the determination of DO26 optimized. The results indicated that in pH 3.0 (PBS), the oxidation peak current was linear in concentration range of 5×10−8 M to 2.95×10−5 M with a detection limit of 6.6 x 10-9 M. This method was successfully employed to detect DO26 in artificial sample.

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P 227

Simultaneous Kinetic Determination of Peroxyacetic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide with Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

Using Artificial Neural Networks M. R. Hormozi Nezhad a,b,*, J. Tashkhourian c, *, R.

Dashti c, J. Khodaveisi d,*

aDepartment of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran

bInstitute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran

dLabratory of Chemistry, University Of Applied and Science Technology, Lalejin 36020, Iran

E-mail: javad.khodavisy@gmail.com Abstract

In this research, a simple and sensitive sensor for simultaneous determination of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide using silver nanoparticles as chromogenic reagent was investigated. Silica thin films containing silver nanoparticles have been prepared by the sol-gel method and a spectra-kinetic approach was applied for the simultaneous determination of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The procedure uses is based on the reaction of peroxyacetic acid or hydrogen peroxide with silver nanoparticles and oxidation of them. The reaction monitored at analytical wavelength 460 nm (SPR band at maximum wavelength of silver nanoparticles). A three-layered feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN) trained by back propagation learning algorithm was used to model relationship between absorbance and concentration to quantify considered analyte in mixtures under optimum conditions. Sigmoidal transfer functions were used in the hidden and output layers, respectively. Linear calibration graphs were obtained in the concentration range of (8.20×10-5 - 2.00×10-3 mol L-1) for peroxyacetic acid and (2.00×10-5 – 4.80×10-3mol L-1) for hydrogen peroxide. The method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of these peroxides in Disinfectant Solutions. Keywords: Simultaneous Determination, Kinetic Methods, peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Silver Nanoparticles, Artificial Neural Network P 228

Prediction of aqueous solubility of halogenated hydrocarbons by using support vector machine

Morteza Atabati*, Kobra Zarei, Shayan Mokhtar School of Chemistry, Damghan University,

Damghan, Iran E-mail: atabati@dubs.ac.ir

Abstract Quantitative structure-property relationship

(QSPR) studies based on support vector machine (SVM) were carried out for the prediction of aqueous solubility of halogenated hydrocarbons. Semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations at AM1 level were used to find the optimum 3D geometry of the studied molecules and different descriptors (1497 descriptors) were calculated by the Dragon software. The stepwise variable selection method was employed to select five descriptors that have significant contribution to the overall aqueous solubility property. The novel modeling method of support vector machine was then employed to model the possible quantitative relationship existed between these selected descriptors and aqueous solubility property. The resulted model showed high prediction ability with the average absolute relative errors 7.6% and 6.4% and the root-mean-square errors 0.281 and 0.258 for the training and test sets, respectively. Keywords: QSPR, Support vector machine, Aqueous solubility, Halogenated hydrocarbons P 229 Experimental design optimization of liquid liquid

extraction procedure for desulfurization of gasoline by ionic liquids

N. Farzin Nejad a,b *, E. Shams a *, M. K. Amini a

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

bAnalytical Department, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, I.R. Iran

*E-mail address: farzinnejadn@ripi.ir *E-mail address: e_shams@chem.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to find out the main effects of independent variables on the desulfurization of gasoline by ionic liquids. Factorial design was used to optimize the influence of time, temperature, type of ionic liquid, ionic liquid to gasoline volume ratio and number of extraction steps as five main factors that may influence the liquid–liquid extraction procedure. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroaluminate [BMIM][AlCl 4] and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [OMIM][BF4] were used as the ionic liquids. These compounds were demonstrated to be effective for removal of aromatic heterocyclic sulfur compounds from gasoline. The highest extraction efficiency obtained by using [BMIM][AlCl 4] and 3 extraction steps was found to be 95% at 50 °C. P 230

Selective solvent extractive separation of cadmium from industrial wastes using Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as an anion

exchanger Nasser Dalali*, Mahboobe Khorramnezhad

96

Phase separation & FIA Lab.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan University,

Zanjan- Iran *Email: Nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

The extractive separation of cadmium from co-existing metal ions present in zinc plant purification cake and spent Ni-Cd cells was studied using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. In presence of potassium iodide good separation and recovery was achieved. Cadmium was loaded principally as CdI4

2- complex. The influence of experimental parameters affecting the extraction and separation efficiency, including iodide concentration, extractant concentration, organic solvent, rate and time of agitation were investigated. The extraction efficiency of Cd from weak acidic solution (pH 4) was found to be > 95% after 6 min at ≥600 rpm, and separation factor was found to be more than 25. Keywords: Liquid-liquid extraction, Cadmium, Cetyltrimthylammonium bromide P 231

Application of multiwalled carbon

nanotube/polypyrrole composite as a sorbent for the solid phase microextraction of

organochlorine pestisides in water samples Hamideh Asadollahzadeh, Shahab Maghsoudi,

Ebrahim Noroozian* Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar

University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran E_mail: e_noroozian@mail.uk.ac.ir

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been widely used in agriculture, because of their effectiveness in killing pests and increasing agricultural yield. Although their use has mostly been banned, they are still detected in the environment due to their low biodegradability and high persistence. Many pesticides can be analyzed by gas chromatography but their detection and quantification in water samples at trace levels require an extraction and enrichment step. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), due to its simple, fast and solvent-free features and high concentration factor, has received growing interest for many areas, including its applications in pesticide analysis. In the present work, a stainless steel fiber coated with multiwalled carbon nanotube/polypyrrole composite, was used to extract a group of OCPs. The effect of various parameters on the efficiency of SPME process such as extraction time and temperature, salting-out effect, desorption time and temperature, were studied. Under optimized conditions, reproducibilities were satisfactory with RSDs between 3.7-11.5%. The detection limits obtained were between 0.05-0.4 ng mL-1. Calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.001-

1.0 ng mL-1. The percent recoveries were between 86- 110%. Keywords: OCPs, SPME, MWCNTs, Composite. P 232

Application of central composite design in the

optimization of Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction gallium an indium in water

sample by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

Vahid Khojeh, Hassan Sereshti*, Soheila Samadi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, Group of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir Abstract

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed for determination of gallium and indium in water samples. After selection of the most suitable extraction solvent, effective parameters such as volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH, salt addition and concentration of the chelating agent were investigated using a 25-1 fractional factorial design. The result showed that salt addition and volume of disperser solvent have not significant effect on the extraction efficiency. Central composite design (CCD) was used for optimizing parameter levels. Calibration graphs were linear in the range of 1-750 µg L-1 for Ga and In. Correlation coefficients were 0.996 for Ga and 0.999 for In. Detection limits were 1.2 µg L-1 for Ga and 1.1 µg L-1 for In.

Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate, Inductively coupled plasma, optical emission spectrometry P 233

The application of cloud point extraction and

preconcentration method for cadmium prior to atomic absorption

spectrometry S. Jafari*, R. Gholbedaghi, H. Veisi

Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University (PNU), Iran

Abstract

In this work cloud point extraction (CPE) technique was developed for the separation and preconcentration of cadmium. CPE was used with lipophilic Hexadentate(N4O2) Schiff base; L22pysa (1, C24H26N4O2). The methodology is based upon the formation of Cd(II) /L complexes soluble in a micellar phase composed by the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114. These complexes are then extraction into the surfactant-rich phase, at above its cloud point temperature. Several important variables that effect the cloud point extraction were investigated

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and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 4-100 ng/l with a correlation of 0.9997. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of cadmium in various water samples. References: [1] W. L. Hinze, E. Pramauro, Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 24 (1993) 133. [2] E. K. Paleologos, D. L. Giokas, M. I. Karayannis, Trends Anal. Chem. 24 (2005) 426. [3] N. De Jong, M. Draye, A. Favre-Réguillon, G. LeBuzit, G. Cote, J. Foos, J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 291 (2005) 303. [4] S. A. M. Fathi, M. R. Yaftian, J. Hazard. Mater. 164 (2009) 133. [5] J. L. Manzoori, H. Abdolmohammad-Zadeh, M. Amjadi, Talanta, 71 (2007) 582–587. P 234

Studies on kinetics and thermodynamic

behaviors of Thorium (IV) adsorption by Amberlite XAD-4 impregnated resins containing

cyanex923 extractants A. Pourmatin 1, A.R. Khanchi 1*, M.H. Mashhadizadeh 2. A.Amrollah Abhari 1

1. NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEOI. 2. Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moalem

University ∗E-mail:akhanchi@aeoi.ac.ir

Abstract

Studies on the uptake of Thorium (IV) were carried out using extraction chromatographic resin consists of impregnating AmberliteXAD-4 with Cyanex 923.The distribution coefficients of thorium were determined under various temperature and concentration conditions. The Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion was applied for data analysis. To examine the kinetics of adsorption, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used. The thermodynamic quantities, i.e. ∆G°, ∆H° and ∆S° were also obtained. The positive value of ∆H˚ indicates the endothermic character of the sorption process, but the negative value of ∆G˚ indicates the spontaneous nature of reaction of Th(IV) with EIR. The positive ∆S˚ value suggests that the system exhibit nonrandom. Kinetics rate data successfully follows the pseudo second order and Weber Morris equation shows that the intraparticle diffusion is not the rate- controlling- step in the overall sorption reaction. P 235

Synthesis and application of Hexadentate(N4O2)

Schiff base Ligand; as modifiers of octadecyl silica membrane disks for solid phase extraction

of cadmium(II) ions S. Jafari*, R. Gholbedaghi

Department of Chemistry, Payam noor Universitu (PNU), , Iran

Abstract Solid phase extraction (SPE) as pre-

concentration separation technique [1,2] coupled with flame atomic absorption (FAAS) has been applied for determination of trace heavy metals in water (tap, river, sea and industrial),soil, food, pharmaceutical and biological samples. The selectivity of the method depends directly on the complexing ability and lipophilic nature of the ligand. Schiff base ligands bearing nitrogen/oxygen donor atoms have been shown to exhibit interesting ionphoric properties, in particular towards heavy metal ions [3]. This report describes a simple SPE procedure that has been developed using a column loaded with synthesized Schiff base loaded on silica as adsorbent for simultaneous pre-concentration of heavy metals. In this work, the method is based on the adsorption of Cd on the synthesized Schiff based loaded on silica membrane. The metals content on the complexes are eluted using 5ml 0.02M H2SO4, followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) determination. The presented producer was successfully applied for determination of lead ions in some real sample. References: [1] M. Ghaedi, K. Niknam, A. Shokrollahi, E. Niknam, H. R. Rajabi, M. Soylak, J. Hazard. Mater. 155 (2008) 121. [2] O. R. Hashemi, F. Raoufi, M. R. Ganjali, A. Moghimi, M. K. Razi, H. Aghabozorg, M. Shamsipur, Anal. Sci. 16 (2000) 1221. [3] M. Mohammad hosseini, M. S. Tehrani, J. Chin. Chem. Soci. 53 (2006) 1119.

P 236

Determination and preconcentration of Copper ion with 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol Immobilized

on Surfactant-Coated Alumina Korush Dastanra, *Mahdi Hosseini, Saeed

Mohammadnejad Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran *Email: Email: mhosseini649@yahoo.com

Abstract

The present paper describes a procedure for separation, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of copper in natural water samples by using 2-mercaptobenzimidazol as the complexing agent. The proposed method is based on the surfactant aggregation formed on γ-alumina by mixing sodium dodecyl sulfate and γ-alumina in water; 2-mercaptobenzimidazol was incorporated into inner hydrophobic part of produced ad-micelles in acidic media to produce an assemble suitable for preconcentration and determination of copper ion. Optimum experimental conditions for adsorption of µg/ml levels of copper ions from aqueous solution by the adsorbent have been reported. The copper ions were quantitively adsorbed by the sorbent over

98

the pH range of 7.0-8.0 and were quantitatively desorbed afterward by using nitric acid as the eluent. The determination of copper was not interfered in the presence of common metal ions. The procedure was applied for analysis of river water sample. Relative standard deviation was found to be 3.56%. Keywords: Copper, surfactant coated-alumina, 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol P 237

Solid-phase extraction followed by dispersive

liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop ultra

preconcentration of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples

Mojgan Rakh, Mohammad Mirzaei* Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar

University of Kerman, Iran Email: m_mirzaei@mail.uk.ac.ir

Abstract

The solid-phase extraction (SPE) joined with the dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) as a novel technique has been developed as a preconcentration technique for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water samples. In this approach multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) used as sorbent in SPE. Variables affecting the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated and their effects on the efficiency of the whole sample preparation process are discussed. Under optimized conditions, 200mL of aqueous samples were passed through of MWCNTs sorbent. After the elution of the desired compounds from the sorbent by using acetone, DLLME-SFO technique was performed on the obtained solution. Some important extraction parameters, such as sample solution flow rate, breakthrough volume, type and volume of the elution solvent, type and volume of extraction solvent, were studied and optimized. The new method (SPE–DLLME-SFO) provided an ultra enrichment factor (6400-22500) for 8 OCPs. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.5–1000 ngL−1 and the limits of detection (LODs) were 0.1 to 0.7 ngL−1. The relative standard deviation (RSD), for 0.01 µgL−1 of OCPs, was 1.4 – 13.5% (n=7). Keywords: SPE, dispersive liquid-liquid extraction based on solidification, MWCNTs, organochlorine pesticide P 238

Modified Sodium Dodecyl Sulfat Coated Alumina for Solid Phase Extraction and

Determination of trace Amount of some Metal ions in some Food sample

Leila Shikhian *, Gholam Ali Haghdoost, Ebrahim Niknam

E-mail: Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran

Abstract

A sensitive and simple method for the simultaneous determination of nutritionally important minerals in real samples is in great demand. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) coupled with preconcentration method is shown to be an appropriate technique for this objective. The method is based on the formation of mineral complexesN,N-Diacetyl-4-choloro-2,6-di(amino methyl )anisole (DACDAMA) supported on sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) coated alumina. The metals content on the complexes are then eluted using 5 mL 6 M HNO3, which are detected by AAS at respective maximum wavelengths. In this procedure, minerals such as Fe, Cu and Mn could be analyzed in one run by caring out the simultaneous separation and quantification of them. P 239

Extraction and Pre concentraction of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc Ions using Poly vinyl choloride

Covered Triton X 100 Farahnaz Hamzei Harzanje *, Ebrahim Niknam,

Gholam Ali Haghdoost Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun,

Iran E-mail:Farahnaz_si@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new and efficient solid phase extraction method is described for the preconcentration of trace heavy metal ions. The method is based on the adsorption of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on 3-[(٥-bromo – 2 Hydrocy phenyl) (1-H-inden-3-yl)methyl] -1 H-indene (BHPIMI), loaded on Triton-X100 coated PVC. The influences of the analytical parameters including pH andsample volume were investigated. Common coexisting ions did not interfere on the separation and determination. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 95% with a low RSD. The method has been successfully applied to some real samples. P 240

LC determination of aflatoxin levels in rice

consumed in Mashhad by post column derivatization with Iodine

Javad Feizy, Hamed Reza Beheshti, , Niloofar Khoshbakht Fahim, Somayeh Fakour Jnnati

Testa Quality Control Laboratory, P. O. Box 134-157/91895. Mashhad, Iran. E-mail: Feizy.j@gmail.com

Abstract

This study was undertaken to determine the presence and level of aflatoxins in rice. For this purpose, a total of 261 rice samples were analyzed

99

and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the presence and levels of aflatoxins. The method was based on the extraction of 50 g of finely ground rice and 5 g NaCl with 200 ml of 80% methanol. An aliquot of 20 µl of extract after filteration was injected to HPLC. Aflatoxins were detected using a Genesis RP C18 column (250×4.6, 4 µm I.D.) and a mobile phase a linear gradient of water: methanol: acetonitrile (6:2:2 v/v/v) in 16 min with a excitation wavelength at 365 nm and emission at 445 nm. Aflatoxin B1 was found in 69.5% of examined rice samples.

Keywords: HPLC, Aflatoxin, Rice, Post column derivatization P 241

Pre-concentration and determination of ultra trace of ibuprofen in water samples and body

liquid using dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction by Gas chromatography mass

spectroscopy Marzihe Shahshahani pour*, Saeed Habibollahi ,

Nahid Tavakoli Department of Analytical Chemistry Isfahan

University of payame noor, Iran E- mail: ymshahshahani@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this work, dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction coupled with Gas chromatography-mass detector (GC-mass) was applied for pre-concentration and determination of ibuprofen from water samples, blood, saliva and urine. For the extraction, 1 mL dispersive solvent (methanol) and 30.0 µL extraction solvent (carbon tetra chloride) was injected rapidly into a glass tube with conical bottom containing aqueous solution of ibuprofen by 50.0 µL derivatization bistrimethylsilyltrifluoracetamide (BSTFA). This injection led to a cloudy water solution, caused by the fine droplets dispersion of the immiscible extraction solvent (carbon tetra chloride) in the aqueous sample. The final step of the micro extraction procedure was centrifugation to collect the dispersed tinny carbon tetra chloride droplets in the bottom of the conical test tube. Then 1 µL sedimented phase was injected into the GC- MS and ibuprofen was determined. In order to obtain optimum condition of the extraction, parameters affecting on the extraction such as: extraction and dispersive solvent type and volume , salt addition, kind and volume of derivatization, time of extraction, pH and effect of ultra sonic wave were studied. Consequently enrichment factors and limits of detections (LODs), were ranged 1000 and 0.01 ng/L, respectively. Also relative standard deviations (R.S.D.s) and correlation coefficients were in the range of 3.0% (n=5) and 0.9995 respectively. As a result, the proposed method successfully was used for analysis of real samples such as tap water,

zayandeh rood (Esfahan) river water, saliva, urine and plasma. Keywords: Dispersive liquid- liquid micro extraction, GC-Ms, ibuprofen, derivatization P 242

Determination of tramadol in biological samples using three-phase hollow fiber microextraction

based on two immiscible organic solvents Mahnaz Ghambarian, Yadollah Yamini*, Ali

Esrafili Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-175, Tehran, Iran *E-mail: yyamini@modares.ac.ir

Abstract

Three-phase hollow fiber microextraction based on two immiscible organic solvents combined with gas chromatography and flame ionization detector was developed for the determination of tramadol in human plasma and urine samples. Tramadol was extracted from 20 mL of basic sample solution (pH = 9.5) through a thin layer of organic solvent (n-dodecane) sustained in the pores of a porous hollow fiber (HF), and further into a µL volume of organic acceptor solvent (acetonitrile) inside the lumen of the hollow fiber. The optimization procedure was performed using Box-Behnken design. Under the optimum conditions, preconcentration factor (PF) of 546 was obtained. The performance of the proposed method was studied in terms of linear dynamic range (LDRs from 0.3 to 100 µg L-1), linearity (R2 ≥ 0.998), precision (RSD % ≤ 6.4) and limit of detection (LOD = 0.1 µg L-1). In addition to preconcentration, HF-LLLME also served as a technique for sample cleanup because of the selectivity of the membrane.

Keywords: Tramadol; Three-phase hollow fiber microextraction; Two immiscible organic solvents; Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector

P 243

Solid phase extraction by modified magnetite

nano-particles for enrichment and determination of ultra trace amounts of palladium

Habibollah Eskandari*, Maryam Khoshandam Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic

Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 179, Iran.

E-mail: mkhoshandam@yahoo.com Abstract

A novel separation, preconcentration and derivative spectrophotometric determination method is discussed for palladium (Pd) using modified magnetite nano-particles as solid phase extractor. 1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and n-butanol were used, respectively as chelating agent, magnetite surface

100

modifier and back-extraction solvent. Various affecting parameters were considered and optimized. Working range for palladium determination was 2.0-90.0 ng ml-1 and the obtained detection limit was 0.35 ng ml-1. Reproducibility and accuracy of the method were investigated which showed satisfactory results. The method was successfully applied to the determination of trace amount of Pd in some water matrices and alloys. Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Palladium, Modified magnetite nano-particles P 244

CFD simulation of carbon dioxide separation

from flue gas in a parallel hollow-fiber membrane module

Azam Marjani a,*, Saeed Shirazian a, Sadegh Moradi

b a Department of Chemistry, Arak Branch, Islamic

Azad University-Arak-Iran b Chemical Engineering Department, Arak

University, Arak, Iran E-mail: a-marjani@iau-arak.ac.ir

Abstract

Numerical simulation was performed using CFD for separation of carbon dioxide from flue gas in a parallel hollow-fiber membrane module. Simulation was based on solving the conservation equations for carbon dioxide and absorbent in the membrane module. Axial and radial diffusion were considered in the concentration equations. The equations of model were solved by numerical method based on finite element method (FEM). The simulation results were compared with the experimental values reported in literature. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results for different values of gas flow rates. The simulation results showed that increasing gas velocity in the membrane module decreases the removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas. Keywords: Parallel membrane module, Flue gas, CFD simulation, Finite element method P 245

A new three-phase microextraction based on hollow fibers for extraction and determination of

cocaine, ketamine, procaine and lidocaine in urine samples followed by injection port

derivitization and GC-FID Yadollah Yamini 1,*, Rouhollah Feizbakhsh 1,2,

Shahram Seidi 1, Mohammad Rezaee 1, Tahmineh Baheri 2, Elham Tahmasebi 1

1 Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran

2 Research centers of narcotic police, Tehran, Iran E-mail: yyamini@modars.ac.ir

Abstract A new extraction method based on three-phase

microextraction using hollow fiber was developed for extraction and determination of cocaine, ketamine, procaine and lidocaine in urine samples. The extracts were analysed by gas chromatography flame ionization detection after injection port derivitization of the analytes. In this technique, two immiscible organic solvent were used as acceptor phase and supported liquid membrane. The parameters influencing extraction efficiency, including acceptor solution composition, length of hollow fiber, extraction time, pH of donor phase, stirring rate and salt effect, were investigated to find the most suitable extraction conditions. The calibration curves showed good linearity with a coefficient of estimation higher than 0.9. Under obtained optimal conditions, target analytes were effectively extracted. Detection limits were less than 1 ng mL-1 and interday precision (n = 3) based on RSD were better than 8%. Urine samples were successfully processed, and in light of the present work this method may be an interesting tool for future isolation within chemical analysis.

Keywords: Microextraction; Cocaine; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Procaine; Injection port derivitization; GC-FID P 246

Self-doped polyaniline as a good substitute for

polyaniline in SPME application Fateme Roohi a, Ali Mehdinia b,*, Ali Jabbari a,*

a Department of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

b Department of Marine Living Resources, Iranian National Center for Oceanography, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Self-doped conducting polymers can be a good substitute for conducting polymers with external dopants in the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) applications. Tow of the main disadvantages of polyaniline (PANI) as a coating of SPME fibers, are its thermal insatiability and short life span. Self-doped polyaniline (SPAN) could be a suitable candidate for PANI as a SPME coating. In this work, we used one of the important member of self-doped PANI family, named polysulfonated PANI, as a novel solid-phase microextraction coating. The 1,4-dioxane was used as a model compound for the investigation of extraction capability of new coating. Higher thermal and mechanical stability was achieved for SPAN than pure polyaniline. The fibers were stable up to 3500C and could be used for the extraction more than 50 times. Relative standard deviation (n = 5) was smaller than 6% and limit of detection (S/N= 3) was 0.3 ng ml-1. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.5-250 µg ml-1. Correlation coefficients (r2) of the obtained calibration curves 0.9911 showing an acceptable linearity within this interval of concentration.

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P 247

Using trilinear calibration models for detection and quantification of a degradation product of Ibuprofen in sewage treatment plant influent

samples Maryam Vosough*a, Elahe Mazlumi b

a Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran

b Chemistry Department, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran

Email:vosough@ccerci.ac.ir Abstract

A method using high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) were was proposed for detection and quantification of 4- acetyl benzoic acid as a degradation product of Ibuprofen in sewage treatment plant influent samples. Sample preparation strategy was based on solid phase extraction (SPE) on C18 sorbents. Because of complexity of the samples, exploiting second-order advantage which is determination of the analyte in the presence of unknown interferences seemed necessary. Using three-way modeling, “mathematical separation” of the analyte from interferences has been performed instead of chemical separation strategy. The satisfactory quantitative results were obtained for a set of spiked wastewater samples with a simple mobile phase condition. Keywords: HPLC, DAD, Degradation products, Three-way modeling P 248

Study of iron oxide nanoparticle in separation

and condensation of perphenazine in dichloromethane as solvent

Somayeh Sadat Kiamarzi a*, Zahra Ramezani b and Saeed Khodabakhshi c

a Science and Research Center-Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University

b Ahwaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran

c Islamic Azad University of Gachsaran, Gachsaran, Iran

Abstract

Perphenazine is a powerful phenothiazine-type antipsychotic used in the treatment of anxiety, schizophrenia and severe nausea or vomiting. Perphenazine is in a class of medications called conventional antipsychotics. In this work paper, the effect of iron oxide nanoparticle on picric acid which has been put inserted on disk and its reabsorption from the surface of iron oxide nanoparticle using dichloromethane in spectrophotometer at a wave length of 254nm was investigated.

The effect of different parameters such as PH, concentration of perphenazine, weigh of iron oxide nanoparticle, volume of dichloromethane for extracting perphenazine was investigated. The calibration curve was liner in the range 0.5-5 ng/ml with equation of (y=0.047x-0.018, r2=0.9952) and so in the range 30-100 ng/ml with equation of (y=0.0102x+0.2622, r2=0.9961) and LOD and LOQ of 0.16 ng/ml. In order to make certain about the appropriateness of this sampling, the spike tablet and city water were analyzed.

Keywords: Iron Oxide Nanoparticle, Perphenazine P 249

Solid phase extraction of lead in water samples

on amino functionalized mesoporours silica (NH2-MCM-41) and determination by flame

atomic absorption spectrometry Hassan Abdi a*, Nader Bahramifar b. , Habibollah

Younesi c a*bDepartment of chemistry, Payame Noor

University, Sari, Iran cDepartment of Environmental science, Faculty of

Nutural Resources 8 Marine science, Tarbiat Modarres University,Noor,Iran.

Email:m.hassanabdi@yahoo.com

Abstract A simple and rapid method for preconcentration

and determination of lead in water samples by using amino functionalized mesoporous silica materials, Namely, NH2-MCM-41 is presented. The method is based on the adsorption of lead on the surface of the adsorbent. The retained analyte ions on NH2-MCM-41 were eluted using 2.5 mL of 0.5 molL-1 HNO3. The analyte determination was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effects of various parameters such as pH, amouts of adsorbent, type, concentration and volume of eluent, contact time, sample volume and interfering ions have been studied. The detection limit and preconcentration factor of the presented method are 0.20 µg.L-1 and 300, respectively. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D) were generally lower than 4%. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to the determination of lead ions in tap, river and sea water samples. Keywords: Lead, Preconcentration, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry P 250

Pre-concentration and Determination of

Tricyclic Antidepressant Drug Residues in Water by Ionic Liquid Based Immersed Single Drop

Microextraction and HPLC Zarrin Es’haghi, Nourolhoda Razavi*, Mohammad

Taghi Hamed Mosavian, Solmaz Banihashemi

102

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University, Mashad, I.R.

IRAN E-mail: razavihoda@yahoo.com

Abstract

This paper described a new approach for the determination of amitriptyline in water by ionic liquid based immersed single drop microextraction (IL-SDME) prior to high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C6MIM][PF6]) was used as an ionic liquid and several factors, such as volume of ionic liquid, stirring rate, extraction time, pH of the aqueous solution and salting effect were optimized. The optimal conditions were: microextraction time, 10 min; stirring rate, 720 rpm; pH, 11; ionic drop volume, 100 µL; and no sodium chloride addition. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed linearity (0.01-10 µg mL−1), low limits of detection (0.004 µg mL−1) and excellent pre-concentration factor (EF= 1100). Finally the method was successfully applied to the determination of amitriptyline in water sample.

Keywords: Antidepressant Drug; Ionic Liquid; Single Drop Microextraction (SDME); High performance Liquid Chromatography. P 251

Determination of tannic and gallic acids in waste

water using salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction

Parvin Toulabi, Ali Daneshfar*, Reza Sahrae Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam, 69315516, Iran. Tel: +98-841-2227022; fax: +98-841-2227022.

E-mail: daneshfara@yahoo.com; adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work a simple salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) method was developed and applied for the determination of tannic and gallic acids in waste water samples. Under optimized experimental conditions, calibration curves were found to be linear in the range of 0.05-25 mg L-1 and 0.2-30 mg L -1 for gallic and tannic acids, respectively, with coefficient of determination more than 0.99. The limits of detection were 0.01 mg L-1 and 0.05 mg L-1 for gallic and tannic acids, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of analytes in spiked water samples with satisfactory results. The relative recoveries of spiked samples ranged over 92-103%, with relative standard deviations varying from 1.1 to 2.5%.

P 252

Removal of anionic azo dye methyl red from aqueous solutions using polypyrrole coated on

wood sawdust

R. Ansari*, S. Alaie Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 1914, Rasht, Iran E-mail: ransari@guilan.ac.ir

Abstract In this research application of polypyrrole

coated on wood sawdust (PPy/SD) obtained from balsam fir for removal of methyl red (MR), an anionic azo dye from aqueous solution is introduced. The effects of some important parameters such as pH, initial concentration, sorbent dosage, and contact time on uptake of MR dye were investigated in this research. The experimental data were analyzed by both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

Keywords: Removal, methyl red, sawdust, polypyrrole, Isotherms. P 253

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of Cd (II) by dithizone prior to spectrophotometric

determination Nasser Dalali*, Atefeh Azizi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University, Zanjan, 45195-313,Iran

*Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com Abstract

A simple and selective method for determination of cadmium at trace level is described in the present work. Cadmium was extracted from sample solution by injecting a mixture of 3 ml acetone (disperser solvent) and 300 µl carbon tetrachloride (extraction solvent) containing 6.5×10-

5 mol l-1 dithizone as complexing agent into the sample solution of pH=10. The resulted cloudy solution was centrifuged (5min at 3000rpm). The sediment phase containing analyte was analyzed by UV/Vis spectrophotometry. The effect of experimental parameters on complex formation and extraction, such as concentration of ligand, pH, type and volumes of the extraction and disperser solvents and salt were optimized. Under the optimum conditions the following data were obtained. Enrichment factor for 5ml sample: 98.4, linear range: 5-50 µg L-1, limit of detection: 0.37 µg L-1, RSD for 6 replicate measurements of 10 µg L-

1cadmium was 0.05%. Kyeywords: Dispersive, Liquid-liquid Microextraction (DLLME), Cadmium, Dithizone. P 254

Highly selective transport of L-Cysteine through

bulk liquid membrane using DC18C6 as carrier

M. Nasiri, S.A.M. Fathi, M.R. Yaftian *

Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

103

P.O. Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran, E-mail: yaftian@znu.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work, active transport of L-cysteine from potassium chloride aqueous solution through bulk liquid membrane containing dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 (DC18C6) was reported. Main factors affecting the amino acid transport such as pH of feed solution, kind and concentration of receiving phase, carrier concentration, kind of membrane diluent and time dependency of the process were investigated. Selectivity of the proposed system DC18C6 towards L-Cysteine was studied by the comparison of other amion acids (L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine, L-Leucine, L-Methionine, L-Arginine, L-Asparagine, L-Aspartic acid, L-Glycine, L-Serine and L-Threonine) under similar experimental conditions. This investigation exhibited excellent transport selectivity of the system towards L-Cysteine among the studied amino acids. Keywords: Transport, Bulk liquid membrane, DC18C6, Amino acid, L-Cysteine P 255

Application of a room-temperature ionic liquid

as green solvent in the extraction of europium(III) and thorium(IV) ions using tri-n-

octylphosphine oxide as extractant Z. Shiri-Yekta,1 M. R. Yaftian,1* A. Nilchi

1Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Zanjan University, P.O. Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran. E-mail: yaftian@znu.ac.ir

2Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Nuclear Science Research School,

J. I. H. Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 11365-8486, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The application of a room-temperature ionic liquid named 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim+][PF6

-]) has been investigated in the extraction-separation of Eu(III) and Th(IV) ions from nitrate media by tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO). It is shown that the europium ions are extracted via a solvation mechanism by formation of [Eu(TOPO)3

3+](NO-3)3

ion pair. In contrast the presence of TOPO does not influence the extraction of the thorium ions. In fact, these ions are extracted based on a cation exchange mechanism. The extraction process in the absence or presence of TOPO shows a significant selectivity towards the thorium ions. The effect of temperature on the extraction process allows evaluating the thermodynamic parameters, i.e. free energy (∆G°), enthalpy (∆H°) and entropy (∆S°) changes associated with the extraction processes. Keywords: room temperature ionic liquids; separation; TOPO; europium(III); thorium(IV)

P 256

Determination of trace amounts of copper in water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction pre-concentration coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry

M. K. Moftakhar*, S. A. M. Fathi, M. R. Yaftian(�) Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

P.O.Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran Abstract

In this study a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the dispersion of an extraction solvent into aqueous phase in the presence of a dispersive solvent was investigated for the preconcentration of Cu2+ ions. Bis(2-hydroxynaphtaldehyde)1,2-proponediimine was used as a chelating agent. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry using was used for determination of the analyte after preconcentration. The effect of various experimental parameters on the extraction was investigated. The optimized conditions were, volume of dispersive solvent: 1.5 mL; dispersive solvent: acetone; extracting solvent: dichloromethane; extracting solvent volume: 250 µL; ligand concentration: 0.75 ml from 10-3 M solution. Under the optimum conditions the calibration graph was linear over the range 0-6.0×103 ngmL-1. The relative standard deviation was 1.9% for nine repeated determinations at a concentration of 1 mgL−1. The limit of detection (3σ) was 5.3 ngmL−1. Keywords: Copper, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Pre-concentration, FAAS P 257

Transport-separation through a bulk liquid

membrane containing bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid and selective

stripping process of La3+, Eu3+ and Th4+ H. Ahmadi, A. A. Zamani, M. R. Yaftian *

Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

P.O. Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran, E-mail: yaftian@znu.ac.ir

Abstract

A bulk liquid membrane formed by dissolving bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) in dichloromethane is used to transfer, efficiently and selectively, La3+, Eu3+ and Th4+ ions from the nitrate medium into a hydrochloric acid solution as receiving phase. The efficiency of the method for separation depends on various parameters, i.e. the pH of the feed phase, type of the organic diluent for dissolving the carrier, type of the acid used in the receiving phase, temperature and time. It is found that the extraction process (the metal uptake at the feed/membrane interface) differs from the order of release of the metal ions at the second interface.

104

This characteristic let us to a selective separation of these ions in a two steps process. In fact an enrichment of the Eu/La ratio was achieved in the receiving phase, and an increase in the Th/La ratio was obtained by a re-extraction process of the membrane by a sulfuric acid solution. Keywords: Transport, Bulk liquid membrane, DEHPA, Rare earth ions P 258

Trace analysis of Cd after preconcentration and determination by using hyphenated DLLME and

LI-TLS Nader Shokoufi*, Amir Hamdamali

Analytical Instrumentation & Spectroscopy Laboratory, Faculty of Analytical & Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering

Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: Shokoufi@ccerci.ac.ir

Abstract

A new hyphenated method as dispersive liquid-liquid micro extraction / laser induced–thermal lens spectrometry (DLLME/LI-TLS) was used for trace determination of cadmium. The interfering effect of substances such as foreign ions and excess of complexing agent easily removed from remained phase after DLLME using its back extraction into basic solution. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.1-20 µg L-1 with the detection limit of 0.01 µg L-1. The enhancement factor of 750 was obtained from a sample volume of 10.0 mL and determination volume of 20 µL. DLLME/LI-TLS method was applied to the analysis of real water samples. The relative recoveries of cadmium at spiking level of 5 µg L-1 for real water samples were tested. Keywords: Thermal Lens, Cadmium, Spectrometry, Dispersive P 259

FRAGRANT AND BIOACTIVE

COMPONENTS ISOLATED FROM Artemisia vulgaris L. GROWN IN KASHAN

AREA A. BAMONIRI a,1 , A. MAZOOCHI a, B.F. MIRJALILI b, Z. SAEBI a, H. BATOOLI c

bamoniri@kashanu.ac.ir a Essential Oils Research Institute, University of Kashan, 51167 Kashan, I. R. Iran b Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, I. R. Iran

c Isfahan Research Center of Natural Sources, Kashan Station, Kashan, I. R. Iran

Abstract

Essential oil from aerial parts of Artemisia vulgaris L., was obtained by hydro-distillation to produce oil in the yield of 0.25% (w/w). The oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using

mass spectrometric detection. The amount of the samples injected by nano scale included were 1.0 nL. Twenty three bioactive and flavour molecules were identified in the oil of Artemisia vulgaris with Trans-Caryophyllene (24.76%), 1,8-Cineol (18.64%), Trans-Salvene (14.87%), ß -Cubebene (11.82%), and α -Humulene (5.47%) as main constituents. Keywords: Artemisia vulgaris, Trans-Caryophyllene, 1,8-Cineol, Trans-Salvene, P 260

STUDY OF BIOACTIVE AND FRAGRANT

COMPONENTS ISOLATED FROM Artemisia persica Boiss. GROWN IN ISFAHAN AREA

ABDOLHAMID BAMONIRI a,1 , BI BI FATEMEH MIRJALILI b ,ASMA MAZOOCHI a

bamoniri@kashanu.ac.ir a Essential Oils Research Institute, University of

Kashan, 51167 Kashan, I. R. Iran b Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Yazd University, Yazd, I. R. Iran

Abstract Essential oil from aerial parts of Artemisia

persica Boiss. was obtained by hydro-distillation to produce oil in the yield of 0.47% (w/w). The oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using mass spectrometric detection. The amount of the samples injected by nano scale included were 1.0 nL. Twenty two bioactive and flavour molecules were identified in the oil of Artemisia persica with cis-Ocimenone (30.8%), trans-Ascaridol (26.3%), α-Terpinene (6.4%), cis-ß-Terpineol (6.3%), ß–Phellanderene (6.3%), and para-Cymene (5.5%) as main constituents. Key words: Artemisia persica, essential oil composition, cis-Ocimenone, trans-Ascaridol, α-Terpinene, cis-ß -Terpineol, ß –Phellanderene, and para-Cymene. P 261

BIOACTIVE AND FRAGRANT

COMPONENTS ISOLATED FROM Nepeta crispa Willd. GROWN IN KASHAN

AREA ABDOLHAMID BAMONIRI a,1 , ASMA

MAZOOCHI a, BI BI FATEMEH MIRJALILI b, FATEMEH SABAHI a, HOSSEIN BATOOLI c

bamoniri@kashanu.ac.ir a Essential Oils Research Institute, University of

Kashan, 51167 Kashan, I. R. Iran b Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Yazd University, Yazd, I. R. Iran c Isfahan Research Center of Natural Sources,

Kashan Station, Kashan, I. R. Iran Abstract

Essential oil from aerial parts of Nepeta crispa

105

Willd., was obtained by hydro-distillation to produce oil in the yield of 0.02% (w/w). The oil was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using mass spectrometric detection. The amount of the samples injected by nano scale included were 1.0 nL. Ninteen bioactive and flavour molecules were identified in the oil of Nepeta crispa with ß-Sesquiphellandrene (17.90%), Trans-Caryophyllene (14.66%), ß -Bisabolene (11.96%), Octen-3-ol (l-) (9.90%), and Germacrene D (8.27%) as main constituents. Keywords: Nepeta crispa, ß-Sesquiphellandrene, Trans-Caryophyllene P 262 Competitive bulk liquid membrane transport of Co (ΙΙ), Ni (ΙΙ), Zn (ΙΙ), Cd (ΙΙ), Ag(ΙΙ), Cu (ΙΙ)

and Mn (ΙΙ), cations using 2,2'-dithio (bis)benzothiazole as carrier

A. Nezhadali*, N. Rabani Dept. of Chemistry, Payame Noor University

(PNU), Mashhad, Iran E-mail : Aziz_nezhadali@yahoo.com

Abstract

A series of competitive metal ion transport experiments have been performed. Each involved transport from an aqueous source phase across an organic membrane phase into an aqueous receiving phase. The source phase contained equimolar concentration of Co (ΙΙ), Ni (ΙΙ), Zn (ΙΙ), Cd (ΙΙ), Ag (Ι), Cu (ΙΙ) and Mn (ΙΙ) metal cations. The transport experiments of metal cations were carried out by 2,2'- dithio(bis)benzothiazole (DTB) in chloroform (CHCl3). The source phase being buffered at range pH of 4-6.5 and receiving phase being buffered at pH=3. The obtained results show that the selectivity and the efficiency of, Ag(I) transport from aqueous solutions are observed in this investigation. The effect of concentration of palmitic acid in the transport efficiency of Ag(I) ion was also conformed. Keywords: Competitive Transport, Cation, pH, Solvent P 263

Method Development for Determination of Everolimus in Whole Blood

By Micro LC-UV H.Bagheri Sadeghi * a,S.A.Ebrahimi b ,A.Shahriari a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University

bDepartment of Pharmacology,Iran University for Medical Sciences , Tehran

Abstract

Everolimus is an antirejection agent used for organ transplantation.This drug has a Narrow therapeutic window, which requires strict monitoring of its concentration in blood We

developed and validated a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV), with micro colmn and micro flow rate that is sometimes called “ micoro LC”for deteter- mination of Everolimus concentration in human whole blood.Sample preparation involve a liquid-liquid extraction step with ethyle acetate and methyl tret-buthyl ether(MTBA). Papaverin was used as internal standard .The method showed a linear relationship between peak area ratios and blood concentration of Everolimus in the range of 10-100 ng/ml(R2

=0.9928),standard deviation of ±0.02and RSD=6.6%.The developed method found to be precise ,accurate ,with a good recovery of 97.9% and a less expensive method compared with other methods reported so far. P 264

Identification and determination of aroma

volatile compounds and organic acids in different species of apple (Malus����domestica Borkh) Shahriar Shadabi a*, Ali Reza Ghiasvand a, b,

Ebrahim Falahi b, Esfandiar Hasani-Moghadam b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran bRazi Herbal Medicine Research Center, Lorestan University(Medical Sciences), Khoramabad, Iran

E-mail: shadabish@gmail.com Abstract

An ultrasonic assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction (UA-HS-SPME) method coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used for the analysis of aroma volatile compounds in the two species of apple fruit (Malus�domestica Borkh) were collected in two different Sites of iran, Golden Dlicious and red Delicious in Khoramabad city and Boroojerd city. The highest extraction efficiency was achieved with a 100 µm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber. Different experimental parameters such as fiber's coating type, sonication time, extraction time, temperature and desorption time were investigated. As a result, 9 compounds of Golden Dlicious of Khoramabad, 8 compounds of Golden Dlicious of Boroojerd, 9 compounds of red Delicious of Khoramabad and 10 compounds of red Delicious of Boroojerd were identified using UA-HS-SPME-GC/MS method. We have also determinae organic acids in our proposed samples. Malic acid, citric acid and ascorbic acid are the main organic acids in apple. Determination of ascorbic acid was performed by iodine and starch indicator in a titrimetric method. Also, malic acid and citric acid in apple were determinated using NaOH and Phenolphthalein indicator. Keywords: apple, volatile compounds, organic acids, Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction

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P 265

Comparative bulk liquid membrane transport metal ions using N and O donor ligands

A.Nezhadali a, M. Akbarpour b* , I. Sheikhshoaie c

aDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Mashhad, Iran.

bDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University(PNU) , Bojnourd, Iran.

cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid-bahonar University of Kerman Kerman, Iran

E-mail:m_chemist82@yahoo.com Abstract

Two tripodal receptors that are different from each other in their groups were synthesized. The extraction ability and the transport rate of these receptors were evaluated for some transition metal ions namely,Co+2, Ni+2, Mn+2 , Ag+1, Zn+2, Cu+2 and Pb+2.The ligands extracted Zn+2 from a buffered aqueous medium containing a mixture of metal ions and transported it into an organic phase better than the other metal ions. There ligands were effectively used for transporting Zn+2 from aqueous source phase to aqueous receiving phase through a chloroform membrane. Comparative of the source metal cations in the transport extractions showed that, ligand I is much better for this porpouse to extraction of the cations from source phase to receiving phase. Keywords: Comparative transport, Cation, ligand.

P 266

Extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of copper with oxazolone derivative in

real samples Fatemeh Sabermahani a, Habibe Bahrami Nejad a,

Mohammad Ali Taher b, Samieh Fozooni a a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran b Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar

University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract A procedure for separation and preconcentration

of trace amounts of Cu in natural water and plant samples has been proposed. It is based on the adsorption of copper (II) ions onto a column of alumina loaded with a oxazolone derivative. Conditions for effective adsorption of trace levels of copper were optimized. Cu(II) ions were quantitatively recovered at pH range of 3.0-9.0. The sorption capacity 8.0 mg Cu g-1 sorbent was obtained. The preconcentration factor of the method was 400. The linearity was maintained in the concentration range of 0.10 ng mL-1 to 7.0 µg mL-1 in the original solution. The relative standard deviation ±1.6% for eight replicate determination at a concentration of 1 µg mL-1 Cu(II) and detection limit 0.06 ng mL-1 was obtained.

P 267 Optimizing the coated dithizone on a natural

polymer as a new sorbent for determination of Zinc

A.Aghaei*, S.Valipour Chemistry Department, Payam Nour University of Varamin, I.R.Iran

Email:aaghaei@aframail.com Abstract

The determination of heavy metals in natural waters is a task for analytical chemists frequently asked by environmentalists, for the evaluation and phenomenon interpretation of aquatic systems. New materials having the wool fiber as a neutral polymer support have been reported in the literature. The wool is almost solely made of keratin proteins and contain up to 22 different amino acids. . As a support the bleached wool having the functional groups activated by acid treatment has been used. After the activation stage, ions from the fiber passed into solution, amine groups of wool become ammonium ions and accessible to the organic reagent. The optima working conditions for the preparation of a new supporting material based on a natural polymer (Afshari sheep wool) loaded with dithizone are presented in this work. The bleached wool activated in acid conditions has been used for preconcentration of zinc from real samples and river water. In this work a simple method for rapid and selective separation and preconcentation of zinc is presented. The influence of flow rates of sample solution and eluent, amount of neutral polymer and dithizone , amount of eluent for elution of zinc from solid support and effect of cationic interferences on percent recovery of zinc were studied. The results obtained during the whole experiment ensure the use of the dithizone -loaded wool. The zinc ions were quantitatively adsorbed by the sorbent over the pH range of 1-12 and were desorbed afterward with the recoveries between 99% and 101.5% and the RSD (n=10) is 0.92%.The calibration curve is linear in the range of 10 up to30 ppb. The procedure was applied for analysis of Jajroad River water.

Keywords: Dithizone, Neutral Polymer, Zinc P 268

Application of Response surface methodology in optimization of carrier mediated Hollow fiber-LPME followed by HPLC-UV for analysis of

propylthiouracil in biological samples Hamid Abedi, Homeyra Ebrahimzadeh*, Ali Akbar

Asgharinezhad Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti

University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran E mail: abedi.chemist@gmail.com

Abstract

Carrier mediated Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (CMHFLPME) coupled with HPLC-UV was developed for preconcentration and

107

determination of propylthiouracil in biological samples. The effects of different variables on the extraction efficiency were studied simultaneously using experimental design. The variables of interest in the CMHFLPME process were: Source phase pH, Temperature, Extraction time, counter ion concentration, organic solvent and source phase ionic strength. A Half fractional factorial design was performed for screening of variables in order to determine the significant variables affecting the extraction efficiency. Then, the significant factors were optimized by using a central composite design (CCD) and the response surface equations were derived. The optimum experimental conditions found from this statistical evaluation included: Source phase pH, 12.5, Temperature, 25°C, Extraction time, 60min, Counter ion concentration, 1.5 mol L-1, organic solvent, 6.2% Aliquat in octanol without salt addition in source phase. Under the optimum conditions, the preconcentration factor was 238. Limit of detection (LOD) was 0.2. Linear dynamic range (LDR) of 0.7–500 was obtained for propylthouracil (PTU). Performance of the present method was evaluated for extraction and determination of PTU in biological samples in the range of ppb and satisfactory results were obtained (RSDs < 6.8). Keywords: Experimental design, Screening, Central composite design, propylthiouracil, Hollow fiber, carrier, HPLC-UV P 269

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based

on floating organic drop combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for

determination ultra trace amount of cobalt in water samples

M.Shamsipur*1, M.Ramezani 2, A.A.Miran Beigi 3 Email: mshamsipur@yahoo.com

mramezani_44@yahoo.com miranbeigiaa@ripi.ir

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University-Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

3 Oil Refining Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

An efficient, rapid, simple, and inexpensive liquid phase microextraction method (LPME), called dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on floating organic drop, combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (DLLME-FOD-GFAAS) was proposed for the determination of trace amounts of cobalt in different water samples. In this technique preconcentration of Co2+ was carried out by 2-nitroso-1-naphthol as complexing agent, from a 25 mL sample solution into a few microliters of n-octanol that formed by agitation with a stirring bar for a desired time. After

coalescence of fine droplets on the surface, 10 µL of organic phase withdrawn with a microsyringe and injected into graphite tube and cobalt content determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Under the optimum conditions, detection limit of Co2+ was 4 ng L-1, with preconcentration factor of 155. The relative standard deviations (RSD) for 0.1 µg L-1 of Co2+ in water was 4.3% (n = 8). A dynamic linear rang of 0.008-0.2 µg L-1 with correlation of determination R2 = 0.994 was observed. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of Co2+ in several water samples.

Keywords: Liquid phase microextraction, Cobalt, Preconcentration, Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; Water analysis P 270

Development of dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction - gas chromatography for separation, preconcentration and determination

of alcohols Ghasem Karim-Nezhad*, mohammad ahmadi, lotfali

saghatforoush Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Payame Noor University, Khoy, Iran. E-mail address: g.knezhad@gmail.com

Abstract

In this work, four alcohols with new method of dispersive liquid-liquid miroextraction and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector have been studied. Under the optimal conditions, these result fore methanol,ethanol,2-propanol and 1-propanol were obtained. the enrichment factors were in the range of 72-200 ,extraction recoveries were between 7.2-20 %, The linear range were between 17-60000 mgL-1,limits of detection were in the range of 3.4-15mgL-1,RSD%(n=5)with internal standard (n-hexane) were between 5.3-8.2% ,RSD%(n=5) without internal standard were between 2.8-5.5%

Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Gas chromatography, Alcohol, Water samples

P 271

Determination of fluoride in toothpaste using

headspace single drop microextraction and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Massoud Kaykhaii* and Maryam Hosseini Ghalehno

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan.

E-mail: kaykhaii@hamoon.usb.ac.ir; Tel: (541)2446413; Fax: 2446565

Abstract

In this study, headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) coupled with gas

108

chromatography flame ionization detection (GC-FID), was employed to determine trace amounts of fluoride in toothpastes. The method is based on the deratization of fluoride into vapor trimethylfluorosilane (TMFS) by trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) as the derivatization reagent and extraction of this volatile onto a single drop of mesitylene. Several significant parameters, such as drop solvent type, drop volume, sample solution ionic strength, agitation speed, extraction time, derivatization and ratio of headspace volume to sample volume were optimized. Under the optimum conditions the calibration graph was linear in the rage of LOD to70 µg L–1 with detection limit of 3.4 µg L–1. The analysis of real toothpaste samples using this method proved that HS-SDME can be a promising tool for the determination of its fluoride in complex matrices. P 272

Chemical composition of the leaf extraction from

the Tanacetum Polycephalum Dubsp. Duderanum as

a herbal plant in Iran A. Nezhadali*, M. Nabavi , M. Akbarpour

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Mashhsd, Iran

E-mail:aziz-nezhadali@yahoo.com Abstract

The chemical compositions of the plant extract obtained by ethanol and n-hexane(50% w/w) from the leaf of Tanacetum Polycephalum Ssubsp. Duderanum was analyzed by GC/MS and 13 compounds constituting of the extract were identified .The major components were, 1,8-cineole(1.34%), verbenol(2.48%), epoxylinalol(1.29%),p-cymene (29.68%), isopulegol(2.02%), α-humulene (4.2%), viridiflorol(14.35%) , caryphyllen oxid(6.38%), carotol(1.16%). It was found about 44.04% of the leaf extract for monoterpons and 27.59% for sesquitropens. The most amount of the extract was p-cymene(C10 H14). Keywords: Tanacetum Polycephalum, extract, chemical composition. P 273

Removal of some toxic cations by use of various

ligands immobilized on surfactant-coated alumina

Hossein Faghihian *1 and Ebrahim sabokrooh 2

1 Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch

2 Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences *Corresponding author: h.faghih@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

A micro column of alumina modified with sodium dodecyle sulfate and 1-(2- pyridylazo)-2- naphtol and dithizone and dimetygolyoxime were

prepared for preconcentration of some toxic cations such as Ni +2, Cr +3, Pb +2, Cd +2, Fe +2, Mn +2 and Zn +2 from aqueoses solution for measurment by a flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Experimental conditions were optimized and recoveries greater than 96 % were obtained.

Keywords: Dimetylgolyoxime, Dithizone, 1-(2-Pyridylazo)- 2-naphtol, sodium dodecyle sulfate

P 274

GC/MS Analysis of Constituents of Essential Oil

from Stachys pubescens. Growing wild in North- west of Iran.

Farzaneh Kiyani a, Ali Shafaghat*a, Farshid Salimi a ,

Fatemeh Ebrahimzadeha and Malihe Khalilnejada. a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract The essential oil of Stachys pubescens Ten.

growing wild in north- west of Iran was examined by GC and GC-MS methods. The yield of total volatiles was 0.06% (v/w). A total of 21 compounds were characterized in the essential oil. The main components of the oil were thymol (87.4%), trans-4-octene (4.8%) and linalool (1.6%). Other compounds present in appreciable amounts were nerol (0.7%), docosane (0.7%), α-terpineol (0.5%), and linalyl acetate (0.5%). Keywords: Stachys pubescens Ten, Lamiaceae, essential oil composition, Thymol, Trans-4-octene. P 275

Microwave assisted extraction combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction as a new approach for determination of chlorophenols in

soil and sediment samples Mohammad Hosein Naeeni, Yadollah Yamini*,

Mohammad Rezaee, Ali Asghar Rajabi, Shahram Seydi, Ali Esrafili

Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: yyamini@modares.ac.ir Abstract

A new method was applied for extraction of five chlorophenols (2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol) from soil and marine sediment samples. Microwave assisted extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) followed by semi-automated in-syringe back extraction technique has been used as an extraction methodology to eliminate organic solvent vaporization step after DLLME process and prior to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation. Microwave assisted extraction uses 2.0 ml of alkaline water at pH 10.0 and irradiation of 500W for 90 s. after extraction, the pH of extraction

109

solution was adjusted at 6.0 and DLLME procedure was done with 1.0 ml of acetone as a disperser solvent and 37.0 µL of chlorobenzen as extraction solvent. About 20.0 ± 0.5 µL sedimented phase was collected after centrifugation step. Then, chlorophenols were back extracted into 20 µL of alkaline water at pH 12.0 within the syringe. Back extraction was facilitated by repeatedly moving the plunger back and forth within the barrel of syringe, assisted by a syringe pump. Finally, 20.0 µL of aqueous solution was injected into HPLC-UV. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as microwave irradiation time, extraction solution volume, extraction and dispersive solvents, pHs of extraction and back extraction solutions, speed of syringe pump, back extraction time period, were evaluated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, the recovery for each target analyte was in the range of 68.0 and 82.0 % and preconcentration factors in the range of 25-30 with relative standard deviations ≤7.6% were obtained. The limit of the quantitation for method was found in the range of 0.002 to 0.08 mg kg-1. The proposed method provides a simple, fast and low consumption of organic solvent procedure for extraction and determination of chlorophenols in soil and marine sediment samples. Keywords: Chlorophenols, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Microwave assisted extraction, Back extraction, Alkaline water. P 276

Simultaneous preconcentration and

determination of trace amounts of lead, copper and cadmium in water and environment samples

Hamid Shirkhanloo 2, Hassan Zavvar Mousavi 1*, Ahmad Rouhollahi 2

1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A rapid and simple method for the preconcentration and determination of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) ions by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been described. The method was based the collection of metal–APDC complexes on a nano-mix cellulose ester membrane filter (cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate). The detection of the solution was obtained by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) after completely dissolving the membrane with 2 ml of nitric acid 0.5 mol L-1 at 70 °C. The metals of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) ions were recovered quantitatively at pH between 4 -7. Various factors which affect the collection and determination of metal ions such as, solvent for dissolution of the species retained on the filter, type and size of the membrane and pH were investigated. The detection limits were varying 30 µg L−1 for Cu2+ to 40 µg L−1 for Pb2+ and 5µg L−1 for Cd2+. An application of the

proposed method for analyte ions in environment samples was also described with satisfactory results (preconcentration factor 50, recoveries 90%, and relative standard deviations 5%). The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated by analyzing standard reference samples (SRM) and compared with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Keywords: Preconcentration, Lead, Copper, Cadmium, Flame atomic absorption spectrometry P 277

Magnetic solid phase extraction,

preconcentration and determination of Picric acid (PA) by modified iron oxide nanoparticles

with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide B. Zargar, H. Parham and M. Rezazadeh

Department of Chemistry, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

This study presents a magnetic solid phase extraction method for separation, preconcentration and determination of Picric acid (PA) in an aqueous solution by modified iron oxide nanoparticles with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C-IONPs). Different parameters such as pH, temperature, ionic strength and volume of desorbent solvent were optimized. The effect of some co-existing ions on the determination was investigated. The nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the sizes of IONPs were in the range of 20–100 nm. The method showed good linearity for the determination of Picric acid in the range of 20-1100 ng mL-1 with a regression coefficient of 0.9995. The limit of detection (LOD) based on 3Sb was 0.0070 µg L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 0.03 µg L-1 and 0.80 µg L-1 of Picric acid were 3.98% and 2.13%, respectively. The Picric acid was determined successfully in spiked samples of Karoon River water. Keywords: Picric acid, Magnetic separation, nanoparticle P 278

Interaction Study of Lanthanide ions with antibacterial drugs, sulfabenzamide and

sulfacetamide; Theoretical and Experimental Studies

Mohammad Reza Ganjali*,1,4 Hodeis Kheradmandi,2 Siavash Riahi,1,3

Farnoush Faridbod,4 Mohammad Javad Chichie,2 Parviz Norouzi 4,1, S. Meftah 5

1Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Mazandaran University 3 Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of

Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

110

4 Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran ,

Iran 5Applied Chemistry Research Group, ACECR-

Tehran branch, P.O. Box: 13145-186, Tehran, Iran *Author for correspondence. Tel: +98-21-

61112788; Fax: +98-21-66495291; E-mail: ganjali@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

Effect of lanthanide ions on fluorescence intensity of sulfabenzamide and sulfacetamide were investigated by theoretical calculations and spectroscopic methods. The experimental results revealed that these cations have an ability to enhance and quench of the intrinsic fluorescence of the sulfonamide derivatives; Eu3+ has the best interaction with sulfabenzamide and sulfacetamide. In addition, theoretical calculations showed that specific functional groups in sulfabenzamide and sulfacetamide have interaction with the lanthanum ions.

Keywords: sulfabenzamide; sulfacetamide; Fluorescence Quenching; Stern-Volmer P 279

31P and 27Al NMR studies of soluble

aluminophosphate species in the ethanol-water mixture

Abdolraouf Samadi–Maybodi*, Seyed Karim Hassani Nejad–Darzi a, M. Tafazzoli b

aAnalytical Division, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran,

P.O.Box: 47416-95447. Tel/Fax: +98(112)5342350. bFaculty of Chemistry, Sharif University of

Technology,Tehran, Iran. E-mail:samadi@umz.ac.ir.

Abstract

In this work, 31P and 27Al NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the distribution of soluble aluminophosphate species in ethanol-water mixture. Results indicate that same new peaks appearance in the 31P NMR spectra of above solutions that these peaks did not observe in aqueous media. Also, the intensity of these new peaks was changed by variation of ethanol-water volume ratio. We suggest that these new peaks ascribe to species of complex between hexa-coordinated aluminum with ethanol and phosphoric acid. Some of the above species observed in 27Al NMR spectra. These results can help to better understanding of the synthesis of the aluminophosphate molecular sieves in non-aqueous media. Keywords: 31P NMR, 27Al NMR, Aluminophosphate; Ethanol-water mixture P 280 Separation/preconcentration of trace amount of

Ag and Cd in environmental samples using

magnetic nanoparticles modified with 2-amino-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole-immobilized and

their determination by ICP Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh, Zahra Karami

Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A fast, sensitive and simple method using silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SCMNPs) modified with 2-amino-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4- thiadiazole (AMT), as an adsorbent has been developed for extraction, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of Ag and Cd from environmental samples. The first step of the method is a separation/preconcentration, in which metals are adsorbed onto AMT-SCMNPs. In the second step, inductively coupled plasma is used to measurement the adsorbed metals. SPE extractions parameters, such as volume and pH of sample, interfering ions, adsorption time, and desorption condition were optimized. Good recovery results (85-98%) with high concentration factors (200) were achieved.

Keywords: Magnetic nanoparticle; 2-amino-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4- thiadiazole; Solid phase extraction. P 281

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextracion coupled with UV-Visible spectroscopy for determination

of α-tocopherol in aqueous solutions Hassan Sereshti*, Amin Beygi, Soheila Samadi

School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

In this study, dispersive liquid-liquid microextracion (DLLME) combined with double beam UV-Vis spectrophotometer, was described for determination of α-tocopherol in aqueous solutions. Chloroform and ethanol were used as extraction and disperser solvents, respectively. After extraction, determination was performed at 284 nm. Main parameters of extraction method such as volume of extraction solvent, volume of disperser solvent, pH and salt concentraion were optimized using experimental design. Under optimal condition, calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.5-40 mg L-1 (R2=0.9989) with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 mg L-1. Also, the relative recovery was 103% with a 4.9% relative standard deviation (RSD) for n=3.

Keywords: dispersive liquid-liquid microextracion, α-tocopherol, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, experimental design P 282

Development of an optode membrane for the determination of silver using a simple light

emitting diode based device

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Mohammad-Hossein Sorouraddin*, Masoud Saadati, Arezoo Salimi

Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: masoud_saadati@yahoo.com Abstract

The characterization of an optical sensor membrane is described for the determination of silver based on the immobilization of 5-(P-dimethylaminobenzylidene) rhodanine (PDR) on a triacetylcellulose membrane. The determination procedure was performed using a simple Light emitting diode based device as a new effort to overcome low reproducibility and repeatability problems which usually accompany optode based determinations. The effect of different variables on the response of the sensor and fabricated device was studied and the optimum conditions were established. Under the optimum conditions, calibration plot was linear in the concentration range of 0.1–5.0 µg mL-1. The relative standard deviations for five replicate determinations of 1.0 µg mL-1 Ag (I) and the corresponding limits of detection were 3.57% and 0.77 µg L-1 respectively. This method was successfully applied to the determination of silver in a silver sulphadiazine cream and a radiology film samples. Keywords: Silver; Optical sensor; Light emitting diode; 5-(P-dimethylaminobenzylidene) rhodanine; P 283

Spectrophotometric Speciation of chromium

using a simple homemade light emitting diode based photometer

Mohammad-Hossein Sorouraddin*, Masoud Saadati Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: masoud_saadati@yahoo.com Abstract

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric procedure implemented by employing a homemade light emitting diode (LED) based photometer has been developed for the determination of chromium (VI) and total chromium in spiked water samples. This system employs a white color LED as light source and a programmable color light-to-frequency converter as detector. The detector consists of three 16 arrays of photodiodes with blue, green and red filters and the type of photodiode array is pin-selectable during operation. The procedure for the speciation of chromium was based on the reaction of Cr (VI) with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide. Cr (III) was previously oxidized to Cr (VI) and determined as the difference between total Cr and Cr (VI). Under the optimized conditions, the calibration graph was linear at 10-200 µg L−1 and limit of detection and the relative standard deviation (n=6) was 2.32% and 4.78 µg L−1 respectively. The proposed procedure was applied to the speciation of chromium in spiked water samples.

Keywords: Chromium speciation; photometer; Light emitting diode; 1,5-diphenylcarbazide P 284

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination of Cobalt, Nickel, Zinc and Copper after its Flotation in presence of 2-

Thiobarbituric acid Amir H. M.Sarrafi 1,*, Mehdi M.Ghashghaee 2,

Faraz M.Ghashghaee 3, Azadeh Khanmohammadi 2 1Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University,

Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran 2Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University,

Gachsaran Branch, Gachsaran, Iran 3Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran

Branch, Gachsaran, Iran E-mail: Mirzazadeh_20@yahoo.com

Abstract

A rapid flotation method for separation and enrichment of ultra trace amounts of copper, nickel, cobalt, and iron ions from water samples is established. At pH 6.0 and with sodium dodecylsulfate used as a foaming reagent, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Zn2+ were separated simultaneously with 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) added to 10ml of aqueous solution. The proposed procedure of pre-concentration is applied prior to the determination of these four analytes using Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). These ions can be eluted quantitatively with 2 mL 0.5 M HNO3 in methanol. The linear range of the determination is between 0.05-0.15 µgmL-1 for Cu2+, 0.01-0.1 µgmL-1 for Ni2+, 0.03-0.12 µgmL-1 for Co2+ and 0.01-0.15 µgmL-1 for Zn2+ with a detection limits for Cu, Ni, Co and Zn were 2.8, 2.9, 3.1, 2.0 ngml-1, respectively. The method has been successfully applied for determination of trace amounts of ions in various water samples. P 285

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with flame atomic absorption

spectrometry to determination of ultra trace amounts of copper in water samples

S. Rafeie Boldaji, S.A.M. Fathi , M.R. Yaftian *

Phase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

P.O. Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran Abstract

A new simple and reliable method for extraction and determination of the trace amounts of Cu2+ ions was developed by Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry detection. The effect of various experimental parameters on the extraction efficiency was investigated by using one variable at a time method. In this study 1.5 mL acetone (dispersive solvent) containing 200 µL chloroform (extraction solvent) was rapidly injected by syringe in to the sample solution containing 7.5×10-4 molL-1

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L2 (chelating agent) and acetate buffer(pH 6). The cloudy state resulted and centrifuged (5 min at 2000 rpm) to sediment droplets at the bottom of the conical test tube. The sedimented phase was quantitatively transferred to another test tube and allowed to evaporate at room temperature. The residue was dissolved in to 0.5 mL nitric acid 0.5 molL-1 and the copper concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Under the optimum condition the calibration graph is linear in the range of 50-6000 µgL-1 and %RSD was 1.66% for seven repeated determination at a concentration of 1molL-1.The limit of detection (LOD) was obtained 6.03 µgL-1 in this situation. Keywords: Copper, Schiff base, Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. P 286

Interaction study of lanthanide ions with two 7-

hydroxycoumarin derivatives (Esculetin and Scopoletin) with fluorescence

spectroscopy Samaneh Kamangarian,1* Mohammad Javad

Chaichi, 1 Mohammad Reza Ganjali, 2

Porya Biparva 1

1Center of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2 Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: s_kamangarian@yahoo.com Abstract

Complexation between two derivative of 7-hydroxycoumarin (esculetin and scopoletin) and lanthanide ions is proposed using spectrofluorometric method. Complexing agent intracts selectively with Eu III . Quenching of fluorescence spectra results from titration esuletin (10-5mol L−1) with lanthanide ions (10 -3mol L−1)but don’t show any intraction between scopoletin and lanthanide ions using this method. The esculetin to lanthanide ions mole ratio is calculated witch is 1 to 1.The thermodynamic parameters were calculated according to the dependence of enthalpy change on the temperature.

Keywords: esculetin, lanthanide ions, fluorescence quenching, thermodynamic parameters P 287

A Simple and Rapid Chemiluminescence

determination of cysteine in human serum with Luminol-Diperiodatoargentate(III) system Ali Asghar Ensafi, Behzad Rezaei, Leila Zarei Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology,Isfahan 84156 I.R. Iran E- mail: rezarei@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract

A simple and sensitive chemiluminescence method has been proposed for determination of

cysteine in human serum. This method is based on reaction between luminol and diperiodatoargentate(III), (K2[Ag(H2IO6)(OH)2], (DPA), in alkaline medium. The CL intensity of luminol- DPA system is increased by using cysteine. Effects of chemical and physical variables which were affected on the CL signal, were investigated and at the optimum conditions the linear dynamic rang for determination of cysteine was 1.0 ×10-8 – 1.0 ×10-6 M with a detection limit of 2.0×10-9 M (S/N=3). The relative standard deviation for (n=18) replicate determination of 2.0×10-7 M cysteine was 4.5%. The proposed method compared with Ellman reference method and no found significant different between their results. The proposed method was used with satisfactory results for the determination of cysteine in human blood serum samples. Keywords: Cysteine; diperiodatoargentate(III); Chemiluminescence; Luminol P 288

Application of Box–Behnken design in the

optimization of ligandless-ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction chromium and zinc in water sample by inductively coupled

plasma optical emission spectrometry Vahid Khojeh, Hassan Sereshti*, Maryam Karimi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, Group of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir Abstract

In this article, the new method of ligandless-ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction for simultaneous preconcentration and determination of Cr and Zn in water samples by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) has been developed. After selecting the extraction solvent, fractional factorial design (25-1) was used for investigation of main parameters such as: volume of extraction solvent, pH, ionic strength, extraction temperature, and extraction time. The results showed that extraction temperature had no effect on the extraction recovery. Next, a Box-Behnken design was applied for optimization of the effective parameters. Under the optimal condition, the calibration curve were linear in the range of 0.5-1500 µg L-1, correlation coefficient was 0.997 and detection limits were 0.67 µg L-1 for Cr and 1.60 µg L-1 for Zn. Keywords: Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, Ligand-less Ultrasound-assisted emulsification-microextraction, Box-Behnken design P 289

Simultaneous determination of nickel and zinc by

dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

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combined with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry

Vahid Khojeh, Hassan Sereshti*, Soheila Samadi

School of Chemistry, University college of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Email: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used for determination of nickel and zinc in water samples after extraction and preconcentration by sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. First, one variable at a time was used to select the type of extraction and disperser solvents. Then, a fractional factorial design (25-1) and central composite design for investigation and optimization of parameters such as: volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH, salt addition and concentration of the chelating agent. The optimal condition was obtained 100 µl for extraction solvent, 500 mg L-1 for chelating agent and 6.5 for pH. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 1-1000 µg L-1for Ni and Zn with correlation coefficient of 0.993. The detections limit were 0.4 µg L-1 for Ni and 0.55 µg L-1 for Zn. Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry , Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate, Experimental design P 290

A Sensitive Chemiluminescence Determination of

Glutathione in Human blood Using luminol- diperiodatoargentate(III) System

Behzad. Rezaei, Ali.Asghar. Ensafi, Fariba. Haghighatnia

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111 I.R. Iran

E-mail: rezarei@cc.iut.ac.ir Abstract

A batch type chemiluminescence (CL) method has been developed for rapid and sensitive determination of glutathione (GSH) in clinical blood samples. This method is based on the enhanced CL of the reaction between luminol and diperiodatoargentate (III) {K2[Ag(H2IO6)(OH) 2]}, in an alkaline solution, at the present of GSH. CL signal was measured by following integrated CL peak areas in various GSH concentrations. The effects of chemical and instrumental variables on the CL intensity were studied. At the optimized experimental conditions, obtained two linear dynamic range from 1.0×10-8 M to 5.0×10-6 M and detection limit 7.0×10-9 M (3Sb/m).The relative standard deviation for 10 replicated measurements of 8.0×10-7 M GSH was 1.67%. The proposed method was compared with standard Ellman spectroscopic method for determination of GSH. T-

test shows good compatibility between results. This method was applied successfully to determination of GSH in hemolysed erythrocyte in normal cases. Keywords: Chemiluminesence, Glutathione, Louminol, Diperiodatoargentate(III) P 291

Determination of Phenoxy Acid Herbicides in

Environmental Water Samples using Microextraction in Packed Syringe and Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility

Spectrometry Mohammad Saraji*, Mohammad Taghi Jafari,

Shila Yousefi Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran E-mail: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract

Microextraction in a packed syringe (MEPS) is a new format for solid-phase extraction (SPE) that can be miniaturized to work. In the method, approximately 1-2 mg of a solid packing material (Oasis HLB) was inserted into a syringe (250 µL) as a plug. Sample preparation took place on the packed bed. Sample loading, washing and elution was performed using a semi-automated system. MEPS is very promising because it is fast, simple and it requires small volume of samples to produce comparable results to conventional SPE technique. The factors that affect the performance of MEPS were optimized. The linearity of the method was from 0.1 ppb to 50 ppb. Limits of detection were in the range 0.02 to 0.2 ppb. The utility of this approach was demonstrated in determination of acidic herbicides in aqueous sample by ESI/IMS. Keywords: Microextraction in packed syringe, acidic herbicides, ESI-IMS, river water P 292

Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

determination trace amount of rhodium ion after ligandless-dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction Daryoush Afzali a, Ali Ghazizadeh b, Mohamad

Khyatzadeh Mahani c

a Environment Department, International Center for Science, High Technology & Environmental

Sciences b Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University of Birjand c NFCRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O.Box 11365-3486

Abstract

A simple ligandless-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method was proposed for preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of rhodium ions in aqueous samples. An ion association complex of RhCl4

- and

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tetradecyldimetylbenzylamonium was extracted into cholorobenzene as extractive and ethanol as dispersive solvents. The volume and the type of extractive and dispersive solvents, the extraction time and the pH of the aqueous solution were optimized. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.6 – 500 ng mL-1 of rhodium. The limit of detection was 0.10 ng mL-1 in initial solution (3Sblk, n=10) and preconcentration factor was 40 for 10 mL of sample. The relative standard deviation for 10 replicate determinations at 50.0 ng mL-1 rhodium level was ±2.5%. The proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of rhodium in real and spiked samples. Keywords: Ligandless-microextraction; Dispersive liquid-liquid; Preconcentration; Rhodium determination P 293

Determination of nitrite using 1,4-

Diaminoanthraquinine with spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods

Mohammad Saeid Hosseini*, Akram Khajereza Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science,

University of birjand, birjand, I.R. Iran E-mail: mshosseini1336@yahoo.com

Abstract

A highly sensitive method has been proposed for speciation determination of trace amount of nitrite in water sample using 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone (1,4-DAAQ). The method is based on mixing an organic phase containing 1,4-DAAQ with an acidic solution (PH=1) of nitrite, which is accomplished with absorbance decreasing or luminescence quenching of the organic phase due to a partial oxidation of the 1,4-DAAQ content. The spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric determinations were carried out at λAb=581 and λem=609, respectively. No considerable interference was observed due to the presence of coexisting anions and cations. The calibration curves were linear in the range 3.0×10-7-7.0×10-6 M and 5.0×10-8-1.0×10-5M with detection limits of 1.5×10-7 and 5×10-8 M for absorptiometry and fluorometry, respectively. Keywords: Nitrite, 1,4-Diaminoanthraquinine, Spectrophotometric, Spectrofluorometric P 294

Highly sensitive and selective optical

chemosensor for Ag(Ι) ions based on bis(2-hydroxyanil)acetylacetano in aqueous samples Mohammad Mirzaei, Jaber Saeed, Hojat khabaz-

zadeh Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, I.R.Iran

E-mail: m_mirzaei@mail.uk.ac.ir

Abstract A novel highly selective and sensitive

chemosensor, based on bis(2-hydroxyanil)acetylacetano (BHAAA), has been developed for colorimetric and visual detection of Ag(Ι) ions. BHAAA shows a considerable chromogenic behavior toward Ag(Ι) ions by changing the color of the solution from pale-yellow to very chromatic-yellow, which can be easily detected with the naked-eye. The chemosensor exhibited selective absorbance enhancement to Ag(Ι) ions in water samples over other metal ions at 438 nm, with a dynamic range of 0.2-2000 µM (R²=0.9991) and a detection limit 0.07 µM and 1 µM with UV-vis spectrophotometer and visual detection, respectively. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for seven repeated measurements of 0.1 mM Ag(Ι) ions was 2.05%. The colorimetric results of detection of Ag(Ι) ions in environmental water samples are in good agreement with those obtained by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). P 295

Ultrasound assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidfication trace amounts of manganese prior to flame atomic

absorption spectrometry D. Afzali a, M. Falahnejad a,b *, A.R. Mohadesi b, B.

Bahadori a,b

a Environment Department, High Technology & Environmental Science, Kerman

b Chemistry Department, Payam-e-Noor University, Kerman

E-mail:mfalahnejad@yahoo.com Abstract

In the present study, a versatile ultrasound assisted dispersive liquid-phase microextraction based on solidfication method is described for preconcentration trace amount of Mn (II). A solution containing Mn2+ ion was selected and then added to it, 2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5 diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) at pH=10 for complex formation. Then, fifty microliters of 1-undecanol was added to this solution and solution was stirred for a desired time. The solution was placed in an ultrasound bath for 10 min and centrifuge at 6000 rpm for 10 min. Then sample vial was cooled by inserting into an ice bath for 5 min. The solidified was transferred into a suitable vial and immediately melted; then, 300.0 µL aceton was added as diluting solvent. Finally the sample was injected into a flam atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Solidification, Ultrasound assisted extraction, Manganese preconcentration P 296

Determination of mercury(II) ion in aqueous

solution

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Alireza Firooz*,Mohsen Movahedi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Esfahan, Esfahan, I.R. Iran. E-mail: a.firooz@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

An optical chemical sensor based on Tetrathia-12-crown-4 (TT12C4) in plasticized PVC membrane incorporating chromoionophore I (ETH5294) and sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB) for determination of mercury ion is described. The response of the sensor is based on selective complexation of Hg2+ with TT12C4 in the membrane phase, resulting in an ion exchange process between H+ in the membrane and Hg2+ in the sample solution. The influences of several experimental parameters, such as membrane composition, pH, and type and concentration of the regenerating reagent, were investigated. The sensor has a response range of 1.8×10−9 to 9.5×10−5 mol L−1 Hg2+ with a detection limit of 6.0×10−10 mol L−1 and a response time of 120 s at optimum pH of 7.0 with high measurement repeatability and sensor to sensor reproducibility. It shows high selectivity for Hg2+ over several transition metal ions and common alkali and alkaline earth ions. The sensor membrane can be easily regenerated with dilute acid solutions. The sensor has been used for the determination of mercury ion concentration in water samples. Keywords: Tetrathia-12-crown-4, Optical chemical sensor, Mercury ion, Water analysis. P 297

Wide rim phosphorylated calix[4]arene; use as

sensory molecule in preparation of an Er(III) ion –selective membrane electrode

A. A. Zamani,a F. Jamali,a M. R. Yaftian,a ,* M. Parinejad a and D. Matt b

aPhase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Zanjan University, 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran. E-mail: yaftian@znu.ac.ir

bLaboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Mole´culaire, UMR 7513 CNRS, Universite´ Louis Pasteur, 1 rue

Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg,France. Abstract

A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane containing 5, 17-bis (diphenylphosphinoyl)-25, 26, 27, 28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene (calix-l) was constructed for preparation of an Er3+ ion-selective electrode. The prepared electrode with a composiyion 30% PVC, 65% dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as plasticizing solvent mediators, 2% NaTPB as additive and 3% of calix-l as ionophores presents a nearly Nernstian slope of 20.0±0.5 mV per decade for the Er3+ ion across a broad working concentration range i.e. 1×10-6-1×10-3M. The potential of the prepared sensor was independent on the pH variation in the range 4.5–5.5. The detection limit of the sensor was calculated to be 5×10-7 M. The dynamic response time of the electrode to

achieve a steady potential was very fast (~5-8 s). The selectivity relative to some mono-, di- and tri-valent metal ions, was examined. This electrode can be used for 3 months without any considerable divergences in the potential response. The practical applicability of the electrode was demonstrated by its use as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Er3+ ion solutions by standard solutions of EDTA.

Keywords: Wide rim phosphorylated calix[4]aren, Er(III), Ion-selective electrode, PVC membrane. P 298

An optical sensor based on morin immobilized in a Nafion membrane for determination of Fe (III)

H. Khajehsharifi, H. Heydari, M. Kheirmand, P. Kooshesh, Z. Eskandari

Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail: khajeh-h@yahoo.com Abstract

An optical sensor (optode) has been designed for the determination of Fe+3 by spectrophotometry. The sensing membrane is made by immobilization of 3, 5, 7, 2', 4'-pentahydroxy flavone (morin) in Nafion membrane. In the present of Fe+3 ions in acetic acid/acetate buffer solution at pH 3.8 the color of the morin/Nafion sensor changes from yellow to brown-green. The response time of the optode was about 2-3 min, depending on concentration of Fe+3. The influence of several parameters such as pH, ligand concentration and response time were optimized. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.23 to 3.84 µgml-1 of Fe+3. The sensor can easily regenerate by 0.1 M EDTA solution. The relative standard deviation for four replicate measurements of 0.80 and 2.32 µgml-1 was 2.76 and 6.06%, respectively. The sensor was successfully applied for determination of Fe+3 in some real samples. Keywords: Optical Sensor, Nafion, Morin, UV/Vis Spectroscopy, Fe+3 P 299

Preconcentration of thallium (III) and speciation

of thallium (I) and (III) by single drop micro extraction using dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and their determination by electrothermal atomic

absorption spectrometry Mahmoud Chamsaz, Mohammad Hossien Arbab-

Zavar, Samira Mohajer*, Abolfazl Darroudi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran E-mail: mohajersamira@yahoo.com

Abstract

Single drop micro extraction (SDME) in combination with electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy has been used to preconcentrate and

116

determine thallium (III) ions followed by speciation of thallium (I) and (III). An aqueous sample of thallium containing picric acid as a counter ion at pH 6 was extracted into micro drop of nitrobenzene containing Dicyclohexn-18-crown-6 as complexing agent. The extracted micro drop was injected into a graphite furnace and accordingly thallium (III) was determined with a sensitivity of 0.3 ng ml-1 and detection limit of 1.1 ng ml-1. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.1-32 ng. Keywords: thallium, single drop micro extraction, electro thermal atomic absorption spectrometry, crown ether (Dicyclohexano–18– crown– 6), picric acid P 300

Determination of nitrite ion using optical

chemical sensor based on redox reaction by iodide

Saadat Rastegarzadeh*, Mehdi Kalantaripour Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran Email: rastegarz@yahoo.com

Abstract

An optical sensor based on a redox reaction for the determination of nitrite has been developed. The optode membrane is constructed by immobilization of methyltrioctylammonium chloride on triacetylcellulose polymer. The exchange of chloride as counter ion with iodide in the membrane changes the color to yellow, when it is placed in acidic solution of nitrite. The sensor can readily be regenerated by 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH in less than 30 sec. The optode has a linear range of 6.52×10-6 – 8.70×10-5 mol L-1 of nitrite ions with a limit of detection 5.62×10-7 mol L-1. The relative standard deviation for eight replicate measurements of 8.70×10-6 and 4.35×10-5 mol L-1 of nitrite was 4.5 and 2.5 %, respectively. The sensor was successfully applied for determination of nitrite in saliva and water samples. Keywords: Optical sensor, Nitrite, Iodide, Triacetylcellulose P 301

Construction of optical sensor for determination of iron (III) based on formation of its thiocyanate

complex on polymer membrane Saadat Rastegarzadeh*, Nahid Pourreza, Zahra

Janati Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran E mail: rastegarz@yahoo.com

Abstract

An optical sensor (optode) is described for the determination of iron (III) using methyltrioctylammonium chloride immobilized on triacetylcellulose membrane. The response to iron

(III) is due to thiocyanate ions adsorption on sensing membrane, which causes the colorless membrane to change to red when it is placed in a solution of iron (III) ions. This optode can readily be regenerated by using 0.1 mol L-1 sodium flouride solution. The linear range of the method was 7.14×10-7 – 8.93×10-5 mol L-1 of iron (III) with a limit of detection 5.36×10-7 mol L-1. The relative standard deviation for eight replicate measurements of 7.14×10-6 and 5.36×10-5 mol L-1 of iron (III) was 3.5 and 4.6 %, respectively. The sensor was successfully applied for the determination of iron in tablet and water samples.

Keywords: Optical sensor, Iron (III), Thiocyanate, Triacetylcellulose P 302

Separation and preconcentration of trace amount of cadmium by modified alumina

nanoparticles microcolumn and determination by FAAS

Jamshid L.Manzoori, Mohammad Amjadi, Rogayeh jalili*

E-mail: r_jalili2010@yahoo.com Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract A simple and sensitive procedure based on solid

phase extraction was developed for the pre-concentration of trace amount of cadmium in water samples prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. Cadmium was complexed with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate(APDC) and collected in a column packed with modified nano meter sized alumina. The effects of various parameters such as pH, flow rate of sample and eluent, type and concentration of eluent, and APDC concentration have been studied.Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limit (3s) was 1.5 µg L-1 and The relative standard deviation for five replicate determinations of 50 µg L-1 Cd was 1.78 %.

Keywords: alumina nanoparticles, APDC, Cadmium, sepration and preconcentration, FAAS. P 303

Combination of ionic liquid based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry for preconcentration and determination of nickel and manganese in

water and food samples Rouhollah khani*, Farzaneh Shemirani

School of Analytical Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail:Rouhollah.khani@yahool.com Abstract

A simple and reliable method for rapid and selective extraction and determination of the

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trace levels of Ni2+ and Mn2+, was developed by ionic liquid (IL) based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to the flame atomic absorption spectrometry detection. In this work, a small amount of an IL (1-hexyl-3-methylimmidazolium bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid) [Hmim][Tf2N] as extraction solvent was dissolved in acetone as disperser solvent and the binary solution was then rapidly injected by a syringe into the water sample containing Ni and Mn cations, which were complexed by 8-Hydroxy quinoline. After preconcentration, the settled IL-phase was dissolved in 100 µL ethanol and aspirated into the flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) using a home-made microsample introduction system. Injection of 50 µL volumes of each analyte into an air–acetylene flame provided very sensitive spike-like and reproducible signals. The effective parameters such as pH, amount of the extraction solvent (IL), volume of the disperser solvent, concentration of the chelating agent and effect of salt concentration were inspected by a (25-1) fractional factorial design to identify the most important parameters and their interactions. Under the optimum conditions, preconcentration of 10 mL sample solution permitted the detection of 0.97 µg L−1 Ni2+ and 0.6 µg L−1 Mn2+ with enrichment factors of 77 and 80 for Ni2+ and Mn2+, respectively. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) for seven replicate measurements of 5 µg L-1Mn (II) was 3.3% and 2.6% for 10 µg L-

1of Ni (II). The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of trace amounts of nickel and manganese in water and food samples. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; Ionic liquid; Flame atomic absorption spectrometry; Microsample injection; fractional factorial design; Nickel; Manganese P 304

Solid phase extraction of silver on sulfur

modified by 2-mercaptobenzoxazole prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption

spectrometry N. Pourreza*, H. Parham, F. Habibzadeh

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University Ahwaz, Iran

Email: npourreza@yahoo.com

Abstract A novel solid-phase extraction method for

preconcentration of silver and consequent determination by atomic absorption spectrometry is described. The method is based on the retention of silver on sulfur modified with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole. The retained silver is eluted from the column with a thiourea solution and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The preconcentration conditions such pH, amount of reagent loaded on sorbent, type of eluent and its volume, flow rate and interfering ions

were investigated. The calibration graph was linear in the range 3-200 ng mL-1 of Ag in the initial solution with r = 0.9998. The limit of detection based on 3Sb was 1.03 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation for ten replicate measurements of 50 and 150 ng mL-1 of Ag was 4.10 and 1.36%, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of silver in radiology film, wound dressing and water samples. Keywords: Solid-phase extraction; sulfur; silver; 2-mercaptobenzoxazole; flame atomic absorption spectrometry. P 305

Synthesis of a new ion imprinted polymer

material using dibenzo-18-crown-6 for solid phase extraction of trace amounts of uranyl ions

and its determination by ICP-OES Asadollah Beiraghi, Mina Roshdi Dilmaghani*

Faculty of chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: roshdi7681@gmail.com Abstract

Uranyl ion imprinted polymers (IIPS) were prepared by complex formation of uranyl ion with dibenzo-18-crown-6 as a complexing agent following copolymerzing with methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and ethyleneglycol-dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linking monomer using 2.2-azobisisobutyronitrife (AIBN) as initiation. Control polymers (CPs) were prepared under the same conditions without the use of uranyl imprint ion. The synthesized polymers were characterized using both FT-IR spectrometer and elemental analysis. The imprinted polymer was applied as a solid sorbent for solid phase extraction of uranyl ions from aqueous samples. Various parameters that affect the extraction efficiency were then optimized in batch method. The optimum pH value for quantitative sorption of uranium (V1) was 5.5 and elution can be achieved using 5.0ml of HCl solution (1M). The sorption capacity of imprinted polymeric particles was found to be 25 mg. g-1. Calibration graph was linear over the uranium (VI) concentration in the range of 5-400ngml-1 .The detection limit (36/m) was found to be 3.52ngml-1. The proposed method was successfully employed for the analysis of real water samples. Keywords:Uranyl Ion;Dibenzo-18-Crown-6;Ion

Imprinted Polymers;preconcentration P 306

Application of Zn0.4Cd0.6S as photocatalyst in photodegradation of methylen blue

Hamid Reza Pouretedal a, Salimeh Sabzevari b, * a Department of Chemistry, Malek-ashtar University

of Technology, Shahin-shahr, Iran. b Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Shahreza branch, Shahreza, Iran. Email: salimeh_s2000@yahoo.com

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Abstract Zn0.4Cd0.6S was synthesized by controlled

precipitation method in presence of mercaptoethanol as capping agent. Characterization of the prepared nanoparticles was studied by XRD method. Zn0.4Cd0.6S as photocatalyst was used in photodegradiation of methylen blue as dye pollutant. The amount of photocatalyst , concentration of dye and pH of samples were optimized for achievement the maximum degradation efficiency. The maximum degradation efficiency of 98% was obtained in the presence of 0.5g/l Zn0.4Cd0.6S and at pH=12 with in 30 min. Keywords: Zn0.4Cd0.6S، photocatalyst ، photodegradiation، methylen blue P 307

Simultaneous determination of nickel and

cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) after preconcentration

using of sulfur nano-particle as sorbent Mozhgan Tirnia*, Behzad Aibaghi Esfahani

Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Damghan University Damghan, Iran

E-mail : mozhgan.tirnia@gmail.com

Abstract A new method using a mini-column packed with

sulfur nano-particle as sorbent has been developed for simultaneous preconcentration of nickel and cadmium in water samples prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. pH values, amount of solid phase, flow rate of sample and eluent, type and concentration of eluent, sample volume, and interfering ions have been optimized in order to obtain quantitative recovery of the analytes. The calibration graph was linear in the range of (4-80) and (0.4-20) ng mL−1 for nickel and. cadmium, respectively. The analytical detection limits of Ni and Cd were found (2.8) and (0.27) ng mL−1, respectively. The proposed procedure was applied to the determination of metal ions in tap and river water sample. Keywords : Solid phase extraction, Nickel, Cadmium, Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, Sulfur nano-particle. P 308 Chemiluminescence from peroxyoxalate – system

of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin) in Tetrahydrofurane

Abdollah Yari* and Marzieh Saidikhah Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Lorestan University, Falakalaflak Street 68178-17133, Khorramabad-Iran* Tel. /Fax: +98 661

2200185; E-mail: a.yari@ymail.com

Abstract In this work, we investigated the

chemiluminescence generated from the reaction of

bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO), hydrogen peroxide and 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone (quinizarin). Under the optimal condition the suitable values of concentrations of the TCPO:H2O2:SS:Qz system were of 5.50 × 10-4, 8.34 × 10-2, 4.27 × 10-6 and 7.51 × 10-4 M, respectively.

Keywords: Chemiluminescence; Enhancing effect; Peroxyoxalate; Quinizarin P 309

Spectrophotometric determination of trace

amount of Co after preconcentration by SDS-coated alumina nanoparticles

Jamshid L. Manzoori, Mohammad Amjadi, Mir Sadegh Razzaghi*

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: m.s.razzaghi@gmail.com Abstract

A sensitive and accurate method for preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of cobalt ions in tea samples is proposed. The preconcentration is achieved using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) alumina nanoparticles packed into a microcolumn. The retained complexes on the prepared solid phase were eluted with 2 mL acetonitril and were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. In this work the influence of the type of eluent, pH, sample and eluent flow rates, amount of ligand (2-nitroso-1-naphtol) and the effect of coexisting ions on extraction efficiency were investigated. The limit of detection and RSD of the method were 2.39 and 1.43 (n=5, [Co]=100 mg L-1), respectively.

Keywords: preconcentration, SDS-coated alumina, surfactant, cobalt, 2-nitroso-1-naphtol P 310

Determination of total cations in water by

processing and analysis of the images from the display part of a permanent length of stain

detector M. Pakniat, H. Hayati

Department of chemistry, Persian gulf University, 75168 Boushehr Iran

Email: drpakniat@pgu.ac.ir Abstract

In this study a permanent length of stain detector for determination of the amount of cations in water was exploited. Calcium ion was selected as a representative cation for optimizing the conditions and evaluating the performance of the detector. By addition of a known volume of standard calcium solution to an amount of strong cation exchanger resin an equivalent hydronium ion is liberated that can be determined by injection of a sample from the later into the detector. The presence of methyl red in the slightly basic solution

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in the detector renders the injected sample as a red stain in the yellow background of the detector display. The stain behavior was recorded by a CCD camera. The selected images were processed and analyzed by MATLAB and photoshop softwares. The area and the color intensity of the stain were exploited as analytical signal. The calibration curve has two linear range of y = 5562.x + 1334 and y = 75266x + 84.20 in the concentration ranges of1.0 ×10-1-5.0×10-3M and1.0×10-3-5×10-6 M of the cation. The detection limit of the method was 4.0×10-6 M and the relative standard deviation was about 2.5% in the common practical range of concentration. The detector was successfully used for the determination of concentration of cations of tap water. Keywords: Image processing,Cation,Length of stain detector P 311

Determination of salicylic acid using electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS)

in negative mode Z. Badihi, M. Javaheri, M. T. Jafari*

E-mail: jafari@cc.iut.ac.ir Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology,

Isfahan, I.R. Iran Abstract

Nowadays, various analytical methods with different detectors such as mass spectrometer, spectrophotometer, and electrochemical detectors have been used for determination of salicylic acid in biological samples. In this work, identification and quantification of salicylic acid carried out using ion mobility spectrometry for the first time. Electrospray ionization (ESI) in the negative mode operation has been chosen as an ionization source. This method is very sensitive (~ ppb), simple, inexpensive, low cost and very fast technique for the detection of salicylic acid in various samples. For verification of the method, standard solutions of analyte were prepared in methanol and injected to apparatus. The results show that the calibration plot has a linear dynamic range of two orders of magnitude (from 0.02 to 2.00 µg/mL). The limit of detection was 0.008 µg/mL and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than 4%.

Keywords: Salicylic acid; negative electrospray ionization, Ion mobility spectrometry

P 312

The effect of isotope fractionation on precision

of 235U/238U measurement using thermal ionization mass spectrometer

Afsaneh Ahmadi*, Alireza khanchi, Mohammad Khayatzadeh, Mahdi Heydari

Nuclear Fuel cycle research School, Nuclear Sciences and technology Research Institute. Tehran,

Iran Email: afahmadi@aeoi.org.ir

Abstract

Isotope fractionation was studied as a Limiting factor affecting the precision of Uranium isotope ratio measurement by thermal ionization mass spectrometer. Thermal ionization is a proper method for Uranium isotope ratio measurement, because of low ionization potential of Uranium (6.08 ev) that results in an intense and stable ion current. Isotope fractionation depends on chemical form of the sample, filaments’ temperature and heating pattern. The results of experiments showed that the time, ionization and evaporation currents parameters play a key role in the standard deviation of measurements. Time increasing has a considerable effect on enhancement of 235U/238U ratio, Furthermore this ratio increases with increasing the combination of ionization and evaporation currents. By choosing right parameters, isotopic ratio of Uranium can be determined with the precision of 0.07%.

Keywords: mass spectrometry, thermal ionization, Uranium, isotope fractionation P 313

Flame atomic absorption spectrometric

determination of Cu (II) and Cd (II) after simultaneous solid phase extraction on Dowex-

polyethylene glycol adsorbent N. Pourreza*, A. R. Kiasat, K. Sheikh-Najdi

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz

Email: npourreza@yahoo.com Abstract

A novel simultaneous solid-phase extraction method for the determination of Cu (II) and Cd (II) by atomic absorption spectrometry is described. Dowex polyethylene glycol 400 (Dowex-PEG) has been synthesized and used as an adsorbent for preconcentration of trace metals. In this method, Cu (II) and Cd (II) ions are retained on Dowex-PEG adsorbent in a column. The adsorbed metal ions are eluted from the column with a solution of nitric acid (2.5 mol L-1) and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The adsorption conditions including pH, sample volume, resin weight, flow rate and interfering ions were investigated in order to achieve highest sensitivity and selectivity. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.4-40 ng mL- 1 for Cu (II) and 0.2-16 ng mL- 1 for Cd (II) in the initial solution. The method was applied to the determination of Cu (II) and Cd (II) ions in sugar and vegetable samples Keywords: Solid-phase extraction, Dowex-PEG, Cu (II), Cd (II) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

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P 314

A Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Ascorbic Acid in Pharmaceutical Products Based on

Formation of Triangular Silver Nanoparticles M.Reza Hormozi-Nezhad*a,b, M.A.Karimic , F.

Shahheydari c, a Chemistry Department , Sharif University of

Technology,Tehran, Iran. E-mail : hormozi@sharif.edu

b Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(INST), Sharif University of

Technology , Tehran, Iran cDepartment of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (NNRL),

Payame Noor ,University (PNU), Sirjan

Abstract A sensitive colorimetric method for the

detection of ascorbic acid was proposed in this research based on the reduction of silver ions by ascorbic acid in the presence of citrate-stabilized silver seeds, additional trisodium citrate and a polymer such as polyvinylpyrrolidone. The color of the stable sol is controlled by varying the concentration of trisodium citrate (TSC), polyvinylpyrrolidone, silver nitrate and silver seeds. The reduction of Ag+ to triangle silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) by ascorbic acid in the presence of trisodium citrate (TSC) and silver seeds produced two very intense surface plasmon resonance peak of Ag-NPs. The plasmon absorbance of Ag-NPs allows the quantitative spectrophotometric detection of the ascorbic acid. The calibration curves derived from the changes in absorbance at λ = 427 nm was linear with concentration of ascorbic acid in the range of 6.0×10−6 to 8.0×10−5M. The method was applied satisfactorily to the determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical formulations Keywords: Triangular Silver Nanoparticles, Surface plasmon band, Ascorbic acid P 315

Synthesis and Morphological Investigation of

Pulsed Current Formed Nanoporous Tin Sulfide-Sulfur composite

Shahram Ghasemi 1*, Hassan Karami 2, Siavash Abedinzadeh Noodehi 2

1Department of chemistry, The University of Qom, P.O.Box 371614-6611, Qom, Iran

2Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.

Box: 97, Abhar, Iran E-mail:sghasemimir@yahoo.com

Abstract

This work describes the electrosynthesis of tin sulfide and tin sulfide/sulfur composite from solution containing tin chloride (0.03 M) and sodium thiosulfate (0.6 M) as precursor under N2 atmosphere by pulse electrodeposition technique. In this technique, the effect of parameters such as pulse

current, pulse frequency, pulse time, temperature and precursor ratio were investigated. The morphology and composition of each synthesized sample were studied by SEM (scanning electron microscope) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). The samples synthesized in the optimum condition, the pulse current of 66.7 mA/cm2 and pulse frequency of 9 HZ at solution temperature of 50°C at pH=2, show nanoporous morphology with pores diameter in the range of 10 to 100 nm. The obtained results indicate that the pulsed current electrochemical method can be used as a confident and controllable method for the preparation of tin sulfide with high level of porosity. From XRD, it was suggested that α-SnS is the main form of tin sulfide. P 316 Removal of some azo dyes from aqueous samples

by Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles using ionic liquid as modifier

Ghodratollah Absalan, Mozaffar Asadi, and Sedigheh Kamran

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Binary nanoparticles of Fe3O4 and ionic liquid (IL-Fe3O4) were used for removal of reactive red 120 (RR-120) and 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) from aqueous solutions in batch reactor. The mean size and the surface morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, DLS, XRD and FTIR techniques. Experimental results indicated that the IL-Fe3O4 nanoparticles had removed more than 98% of dyes under a dosage of 60 mg of nanoparticles, a pH of 2.5, and a contact time of 2 minutes when initial dyes concentrations of 10–200 mg/L were used. The maximum predicted adsorption capacities were 166.67 and 49.26 mg of RR-120 and PAR per gram of nanoparticles, respectively. Both adsorption processes were endothermic and dyes were desorb from nanoparticles by NaCl/acetone solution and were reused. P 317

Design and Evaluation of a Lead (II) Optical Sensor Based on Immobilization of Dithizone on Triacetylcellulose Membrane and Determination

in Various Samples Ladan Dorostghoal*, Hossein Tavallali

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University of Omidieh,

Omidieh, I.R. Iran E-mail: ldorostghoal@Yahoo.com

Abstract

In this paper the characterization of an optical sensor membrane is described for the determination of Pb2+ ions based on the immobilization of dithizone on a triacetylcellulose membrane. The membrane responds to lead ions by changing color

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reversibly from red to green in universal buffer solution at pH5.0. Under optimum conditions، the proposed membrane displayed a linear range of 0.5-5.5 µg mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.15 µg mL-1 at a wavelength of 612 nm. The response time of the optode was about 11-15 min، depending on the concentration of lead (II) ions. The coefficients of variation (CV) of the sensor response for 2 µg mL-1 of Pb (II) was 2.8% and the CV between seven membranes was 3.2%. The sensor can readily be regenerated with the ethylene diamine solution (in water). The optode is fully reversible and the selectivity of optode to Pb2+ ions in universal buffer is relatively good with Ag+ ion as interferences. The proposed optode was successfully for the determination of lead (II) in various samples. Keywords: optical sensor; Pb2+ ions; dithizone; triacetylcellulose; ethylene diamine

P 318

Separation of trace amounts of Tl(I) and Tl(III)

ions using magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a new sorbent without chelating agent

Sayed Zia Mohammadi a, Daryoush Afzali b, Yar Mohammad Baghelani a, Laleh Karimzadeh a

a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Kerman, Iran

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran

E-mail: szmohammadi@yahoo.com

Abstract The presented study investigates application of

Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an adsorbent for solid phase extraction and determination of trace amounts of Tl(I) and Tl(III) from environmental water samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were easily separated from the aqueous solution by applying an external magnetic field; so, no filtration or centrifugation was necessary. After extraction and collection of MNPs, the analyte ions were desorbed using 1.0 mol L−1 of HNO3. Several factors that may affect the preconcentration and extraction process, including pH, type and volume of elution solution, sample volume, salt effect and matrix effect were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linearity was maintained between 0.01 to 7.0 µg mL–1 for thallium in initial solution. The detection limits of this method for thallium ions were 3.2 ng mL−1. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to extraction and determination of the analyte ions in environmental and standard samples and satisfactory results were obtained. Keywords: Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; Preconcentraction; Thallium determination; Water samples

P 319 Adsorption of ctab onto rice husk from aqueous

solution Ebrahim Ghiassi, Ali Mohammad-khah*, Reza

Ansari, Majid Arvand Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Guilan, Rasht 41635-19141 E-mail: ghiyasi.ebrahim@gmail.com

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the adsorption of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) as a typical cationic surfactant on rice husk sample from aqueous solutions. The important parameters, which affect the adsorption, such as ph of solution, contact time, initial concentration of ctab, and absorbent dose were investigated. The adsorption amount of ctab increased with increasing ph, contact time, and mass of rice husk and decreasing the initial concentration of ctab. The ctab concentration was determined spectrophotometrically at 375 nm using picric acid method. Experimental data were analyzed by langmuir and freundlich isotherms. Keywords: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab), adsorption, surfactants, rice husk

P 320

Preconcentration of Fe3+ as Eriochrome cyanine complex on naphthalene -Aliquat And determination by spectrophotometry N. Pourrez*, B. Zargar, M. Shahrouz

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.

E-mail: npourreza@yahoo.com Abstract

A sensitive preconcentration procedure has been developed for determination of iron prior to its analysis by spectrophotometry. This method is based on the retention of iron - Eriochrome cyanine complex on Aliquat 336s – naphthalene absorbent. The adsorbed metal complexes adsorbent were solved in 2ml acetone and subsequently determined by spectrophotomrtry .The absorbance was measured at 561 nm. The effect of different variables such as pH , Eriochrome cyanine concentration , solvents types, sample flow rate and volume of sample were investigated. The effect of interfering ions was also studied. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 10-100 ng mL-1 with r =0.9994. The detection limit based on 3sb was 5.2 ng mL-1 and relative standard deviation for 40 and 80 ng ml-1 of Fe(III) was 2.6 and 2.5%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to determination of iron in drug and water samples with good recoveries. Keywords: Aliquat 336s; iron; naphthalene; spectrophotometry

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P 321

Photoactivated polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots as fluorescence probe for

copper(II) Tahereh Khososi,a Bahram Hemmateenejad,*,a

Mojtaba Shamsipur,b Masomeh Hasani c aDepartment of Chemistry, Shiraz University,

Shiraz, I.R. Iran bDepartment of Chemistry, Razi University,

Kermansjah, I.R. Iran cDepartment of Chemistry, Bu-Alisina University,

Hamadan, I.R. Iran E-mail: hemmatb@sums.ac.ir

Abstract

Quantum dots (QDs) or semiconductor nanocrystals have been receiving great interest in the last few years. In this work, core/shell quantum dot of CdSe@ZnS (λem=550 nm) were synthesized by the hot injection method and embedded in polymer matrix. During irradiation with UV-light, the fluorescence of polymer-QD was increased. It was found that the fluorescence of photoactivated polymer coated CdSe@ZnS could be selectively quenched by copper (II) ions in the universal buffer solution (pH=12). To explain the possible mechanism of our detected system, Stern–Volmer relationship was used to describe the dependency of the photoluminescence intensity of NCs on concentration of Cu(II) ions. A linear relationship were found between the relative fluorescence intensity and the concentration of Cu(II) ions in the range of 1.0×10−8 to 3.0×10−6 mol L−1. A plot of F0/F as a function of [Cu] was linear with a Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) of 656168 M-1.

Keywords: Copper; Photoactivation; Polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS; Quantum dot P 322

Potentiometric sensor for La3+ ion based on ethyl 1,2,3,4- tetra hydro-6- methyl-4- phenyl-2- thioxo

pyrimidine-5- carboxylate with unbiased selectivity coefficients

Elaheh Konoz a, Saeedeh Ghavidel Far a, Akbar Islamnezhad b

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University,Central Tehran Branch bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch E-mail: Khazar_Gh@yahoo.com

Abstract

A PVC membrane La (III) ion-selective electrode has been constructed using ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxopyrimidine-5-carboxylate (ETMPTC) as a neutral ionophore. This electrode, optimized based on the Taguchi method, responds to La (III) ion with a sensitivity of 19.9 ± 0.5 mV/decade over the range 2.5 × 10−8 to 1.0 × 10−1M at pH 3.0-10.0. The limit of detection was 5.0 × 10−9 M. It has a response time of < 6s.

The proposed electrode shows fairly good discrimination of La (III) ion from several cations. The effect of organic solvents on electrode response was examined. This sensor not only was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of lanthanum ion against EDTA but also was used to determination of La3+ concentration in the presence of certain interfering ions. Keywords: La3+-selective electrode; Taguchi method; Potentiometry; Detection limit P 323

Electrochemical behavior of sliver(I) in molten

salt eutectic of nitrate Omid. Fazlolahzadeh*, Ahmad. Rouhollahi *

*: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, I.R.Iran

E-mail: (A. Rouhollahi) rouhollahi@kntu.ac.ir Abstract

A new electrochemical behaviour of silver was studied in two molten nitrate, the eutectic of nitrate and the equimolar Ca(No3)2-NH4No3 melt and carried out between (383-418) oK. Transient electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, convolution voltammetry and Chronopotentiometry were used in order to study the reaction mechanism and the transport parameters of electroactive specie on an inert electrode. Effect of electrochemical system was studied, and results showed that the system Ag(I)/Ag(0) is quasi-reversible. The values of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, K0(standard rate constant), α(transfer coefficient), I0 (exchange current), E°(standard potential), and parameter Λ Ag(I) have been obtained. Mass transport towards the electrode is a simple diffusion process, and the D (diffusion ions has been also calculated. coefficient) of Ag (I) keywords: Silver nitrate, Molten eutectic, Electrochemical behavior, Kinetic parameters P 324 Gadolinium(III)-PVC Membrane Sensor Based

on N,N’- bis(methylsalicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine Saeed Haji Mohammad rezazadeh 1, Hassan Ali

Zamani 2, Mohammad Reza Ganjali 3, Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh 4, Soraia Meghdadi 5

1Department of Chemistry, Ardakan branch, Payame Noor University, Ardakan, Iran,

h.m.rezazadeh@gmail.com 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Quchan branch,

Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran, haszamani@yahoo.com

3Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Iran,

ganjali@gmail.com 4Faculty of Chemistry,Tarbiat Moallem University,

Tehran, Iran, Mashhadizadeh@tmu.ac.ir

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5Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran,

smeghdad@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract The PVC membrane, containing N,N’-

bis(methylsalicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine (AOPH) as a suitable ionophore exhibited a Nernstian response for the Gd3+ ions over a wide concentration range between 1.0×10-2 and 1×10-6 M, with a detection limit of 5 × 10-7 M in the pH range of 4 –10.1. It demonstrated a fast response time (<10 s) and it could be used for at least 10 weeks without any major potential deviation. Furthermore, the electrode revealed high selectivity with respect to all common alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions, including members of the lanthanide family other than Gd3+. The electrode was also used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Gd(III) ions with EDTA. Keywords: Ion-Selective Electrode, PVC Membrane, Sensor, Potentiometry P 325

Electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone in the presence of pyridine derivatives

B. Dadpou a, D. Nematollahi*,b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak

Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran. bFaculty of Chemistry, University of Bu-Ali-Sina,

Hamadan 65174, Iran. Email: nemat@basu.ac.ir.

Abstract

Electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone has been studied in the presence of pyridine and 4-methyl pyridine as nucleophiles in aqueous solution by means of cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. The present work has led to the development of a facile and environmentally friendly reagentless method for synthesis of some interesting betain structure of pyridinium substituted hydroquinone in aqueous solutions with high atom economy under ambient conditions and in an undivided cell using a graphite electrode. In addition, based on EC mechanism the observed homogenous rate constants (kobs) of pyridination reaction were estimated by comparing the experimental cyclic voltammetric curves with the digitally simulated results. P 326

An Environmentally Friendly Electrochemical

Method for Synthesis of Catechol-phenanthroline Adduct

B. Dadpou a, D. Nematollahi*b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak

Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran. bFaculty of Chemistry, University of Bu-Ali-Sina,

Hamadan 65174, Iran. Email: nemat@basu.ac.ir.

Abstract Electrochemical oxidation of catechols has been

studied in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline as a bi-dentate nucleophile in water/acetonitrile (70/30, v/v) solution using cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. The results revealed that o-benzoquinone derived from oxidation of catechols participate in Michael addition reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline and via ECEC mechanism to form the corresponding heterocyclic compounds. The present work has led to the development of a facile and environmentally friendly reagentless method for synthesis of new catechol-phenanthroline adducts with high atom economy under ambient conditions and in an undivided cell using a graphite electrode. P 327

A novel nanocomposite base on

pyrrole/functional carbon nanotubes and graphite electrode for determination of

chlorpromazine Ali Akbar Hajialiakbari Bidgoli, Mohammad Saraji*, Ali A. Ensafi, Hassan Karimi-Maleh

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

Email: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir Abstract

In this study, we describe a novel nanocomposite using graphite as an electrode, poly-pyrrole and functional carbon nanotubes as a sensor for determination of chlorpromazine (CPZ) in aqueous buffer solution. The electrochemical parameter such as charge transfer coefficient (α) determined using cyclic voltammetry method. The oxidation peak potentials in cyclic voltammetry (CV) for CPZ on modified nanocomposite electrode (MNCE) was occurred at 0.708 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, at pH 7.0, while this for bare graphite electrode appeared at 0.776 mV at the scan rate of 0.1 V s-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of chlorpromazine in real sample such as drug and urine. Keywords: nanocomposite, Poly pyrrole, modified electrode, chlorpromazine P 328

Iron(III) selective PVC based membrane

sensor using a Schiff base Tayebeh Shamspur,*a,b Iran Sheikhshoaie*a,

a Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,

b Mineral Industry Research Institute, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,

Kerman, Iran, PO Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran

Abstract A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based membrane

sensor for Fe(III) ions was prepared bye employing 3-(2-diethylamino-ethylimino)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-

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one (DEDIO) as an ionophore , the plasticized membrane sensor exhibits a nernstian response for Fe(III) ions over a wide concentration range(2.0×10-

6-5.0×10-2) with a super nernstian slope of 26(±1) per decade . It has a fast response time of <12 s and can be used for ten weeks without any considerable divergences in its potentials .the electrode can be used in the pH range 4.5-8. The proposed sensor shows fairly good discriminating ability towards Fe(III) ion in comparison with some hard and soft metals. The sensor was used as indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Fe(III) ions with EDTA solution.

Keywords: Iron, Ion selective electrode, PVC membrane, Schiff base, Potentiometry P 329

Determination of dopamine on glassy carbon

electrode modified using nanostructure ruthenium-oxide hexacyanoferrate mixed

ruthenium hexacyanoferrate by CV, EIS, and DPV

Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Hossein Alinajafi-Najahabadi

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, I.R. Iran Email: rKarimi@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

Characterization and application of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by ruthenium oxide hexacyanoferrate (RuOHCF) mixed ruthenium hexacyanoferrate (RuHCF) for quantitative determination of dopamine (DA) is described. The electrode surface was studied by electrochemical methods like cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and surface techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction microanalysis (EDX). Voltammetric experiments showed a shift of the oxidation potential of DA to a less positive value, 320 mV, as compared with that observed at the bare GCE, 465 mV. Differential pulse voltammetry was used for the determination of DA. A dynamic calibration curve with two linear parts in the ranges of 0.50 to 10.00 µM and 25.00 to 550.00 µM DA with a detection limit of 0.195 µM DA for lower range, was obtained in optimized conditions. The developed method was applied successfully for the determination of DA in injection medicine and in human blood plasma real samples. Keywords: Dopamine; Biological real sample; Ruthenium oxide hexacyanoferrate; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Differential pulse voltammetry

P 330

New stable optical pH sensor based on immobilization of dithizone on a

triacetylcellulose membrane Meissam Noroozifar ∗, Mozhgan Khorasani-

Motlagh, Safiyeh Bahmanzadeh, Shokoofeh Boroun Department of Chemistry, University of sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan. P.O.Box: 98155-147, Iran

Abstract

The development of an optical pH sensor based on immobilization of dithizone on a triacetylcellulose membrane is described. This optode is easily prepared and provides a simple and inexpensive means for the determination of pH. The membrane responds to increase of pH by changing color reversibly from red to green. The sensor has a useful pH range at low and high pH values, where glass electrodes show acidic and alkaline errors, respectively. The sensor has a linear response over a range of 5.2 pH units in pH range between 3.8-9.0. The results show very good agreement between true and predicted pH values The response of the sensor is reversible with a response time 50s and its reversibility is very good and it is stable over the applied pH range with no leaching of the dye (R.S.D. less than 1.75%).The effect of ionic strength on optical response of the optode was verified by the addition of NaNO3 (to the sample solution) in different amounts up to 1.5 M. The results indicate that ionic strength has no significant influence on the sensor response. Keywords : Optical pH sensor, Dithizone, Triacetylcellulose. P 331 Application of ytterbium fluoride nanoparticles

for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid,

dopamine and uric acid Meissam Noroozifar*, Mozhgan Khorasani-

Motlagh, Seddigheh Rostami Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan &

Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran E-mail: mnoroozifar@chem.usb.ac.ir

Abstract

The electrochemical behavior of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) at the surface of a modified glassy carbon electrode by immobilized ytterbium fluoride nanoparticles (YbF3NPs) on multiwall carbon nanotube and chitosan (CH) as covering agent was investigated. The voltammetric studies using the modified electrode show three well-resolved anodic peaks for AA, DA and UA with a separation potential of 196 and 111 mV between AA-DA and DA-UA anodic peaks, revealing the possibility of the simultaneous electrochemical detection of these compounds. Linear calibration plots were obtained over the range of 8.3×10-6-7.6×10-4, 8.0×10-6-6.8×10-4,

125

8.0×10-6-7.2 ×10-4 mol L-1 with detection limits of 1.6×10-6, 8.1 ×10-7 and 8.7 ×10-7 for AA, DA and UA, respectively. The analytical performance of this electrode has been evaluated for detection of biological molecules in urine and serum as real samples. P 332

Modification of gold-mercaptopropionic acid

self-assembled monolayer for selective determination of Fe(III) investigated by CV, EIS,

and SWV Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Zakyeh Akrami

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: rkarimi4531@yahoo.com Abstract

Preparation, characterization, and application of a modified gold-mercaptopropionic acid self assembled monolayer electrode for determination of iron(III) with high sensitivity and selectivity is described by cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Parameters influencing the method are optimized. A linear range calibration curve from 1.0×10-8 to 3.0×10-5 M Fe(III) with a detection limit of 7.1×10-9 M and mean of relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 2.42٪ for n = 4 was observed in the best conditions. The results demonstrated that sensor could be used for selective determination of Fe(III) in the presence of various ions.

Keywords: Fe(III), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Self assembled monolayer

P 333

Comparison of different modified carbon paste electrodes by I2 and cetyltrimethyl ammonium iodide: determination of ascorbic acid in real

samples Meissam Noroozifar*, Mozhgan Khorasani-

Motlagh, and Hamed Tavakoli Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan &

Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran, P.O. Box 98155-147, E-mail address: Email:

mnoroozifar@chem.usb.ac.ir Abstract

In this study, three different types of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) modified with cetyltrimethyl ammonium iodide (CTAI), I2 and a mixture of CTAI-I2 were prepared by mixing fine graphite powder with paraffin oil in a mortar and pestle. Analytical parameters such as pH of buffer solution, scan rate effect and composition of modified electrodes were studied. The best results have been obtained for CPE by a mixture of CTAI- I2 and this electrode was employed to study the electrocatalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) using cyclic voltammetry. The oxidation of AA at

the surface of CTAI/I2-CPE occurs at potential about 165 mV less positive than at an unmodified CPE. In the optimum pH=2, the catalytic oxidation peaks current were linearly dependent on the AA concentration. By using cyclic voltammetry, linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 8.00 ×10-5 – 1.65×10-3 M (DL=6.86 ×10-5 M) for this electrode. Finally, the interference effect of some materials was studied and the method was used for determination of AA in real samples. P 334

Modified TiO 2 Nanoparticles Carbon Paste Electrode for Electroanalysis of Epinephrine

Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani a*, Hossein Kholghi a, Mohammad Ali Sheikh-Mohseni a,

Hossein Naeimi b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd

University, Yazd, I. R. Iran b Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran Email: Hossein.kholghi@Yahoo.com

Abstract

2, 2′-[1,7- nonandiylbis(nitriloethylidyne)]-bis-hydroquinone (NNH) as a newly synthesized modifier and TiO2 nanoparticles incorporated to the carbon paste electrode (CPE) and was used for the electroanalysis of Epinephrine (EP). The electrochemical studies were carried out by using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The kinetic parameter such as the electron transfer coefficient (αa= 0.41) of EP oxidation at the surface of this electrode was determined. It has been found that under an optimum condition (pH 7.0), the oxidation of EP at the surface of such an electrode occurs at a potential about 250 mV less positive than that of an unmodified carbon paste electrode. A dynamic range of 1.0–25.0 µM and 70.0–2000.0 µM, with the detection limit of 3.8×10−7 µM for EP, was obtained using DPV. The prepared electrode was successfully applied for the determination of EP in ampoule samples. Keywords: Voltammetry, Electrocatalysis, TiO2 nanoparticles, Epinephrine P 335

Construction of ion selective modified carbon

paste electrode based on some new Schiff's bases F. Abdollahi a, S. Salemian b, M. Mohajeri b, J.

Tashkhourian*c, M. Montazerzohori d

aChemistry Department, Payame noor University, Shiraz, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Payame Noor University of Bushehr, Bushehr 1698, Iran

* cDepartment of Chemistry Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran

dDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Yasouj University, Bushehr, Iran

E-mail:fa_borazjani780@yahoo.com

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Abstract In the present study new synthesized highly

lipophilic Schiff's bases compounds were reported as the carriers in the construction of ion selective modified carbon paste electrode. For construction of these electrodes optimal experimental conditions, selectivity over interferents, and sensing characteristics of electrodes are evaluated. The results show that the electrode base on these ionophore exhibited excellent response to Cu2+ and UO2

2+ ion. These potentiometric sensors have a simple design, fast response time and a Nernstian slope and show fairly good discriminating ability towards analyte ion in comparison with some alkali, alkaline earth and heavy metal ions. P 336

Preparation of sulfate anion selective electrode and study of its behavior with potentiometry and

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique

Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakania, A. Dehghan Manshadi*b, Hadi Kargarb

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd

b Department of Chemistry, Ardakan Center, Payam Noor University, Ardakan

E-Mail: a.d.manshadi@gmail.com Abstract

A new selective PVC membrane electrode based on {6,6'-Diethoxy-2,2'-[2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diylbis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato}nickel(II) monohydrate as carrier for sulfate-selective electrode is reported. In this work, dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as membrane plasticizer and methyl trioctyle ammonium chloride (MTOAC) as ionic additive are used. This sensor responds to sulfate ion in linear concentration range from 1.0×10-1 to 1.0×10-6 M with a Nernstian slope 28.9 ± 0.2 mV per decade. Also, behavior of this ion-selective membrane is studied with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. Keywords: anion-selective electrode, PVC membrane, potentiometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy P 337

The electrochemical study of mononuclear

Silver(III) aminomethylpyridine complexes in sulfuric and chloric acid solution

S. A. Kahani Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

Abstract Aminomethylpyridine dinitrogen silver(III)

complexes have been synthesized by the concurrent oxidation of silver(I) ion and ammonia in the reaction of aminomethylpyridines and silver nitrate with ammonium peroxydisulfate in the aqueous ammonia solution. The complexes [Ag(2-NH2-4-

CH3-py)3N2](HSO4)2(NO3).2H2O and [Ag(2-NH2-6-CH3-py)3N2](HSO4)(SO4) have been characterized by voltammetry. We are investigated the electrochemical redox behaviors using conventional voltammetric methods. All Ag(III) complexes including aminomehylpyridine undergo a reversible two-electron reduction at Cyclic voltammetry data were obtained in 1 M H2SO4. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) oxidation scans showed a quasi-reversible two electron response (separation of anodic and cathodic peak potentials 28 mV. The cyclic voltammetry of these complexes in a 1M HCl are irreversible two electron process and only the reverse oxidation peak disappeared. P 338

Determination of copper ion by voltammetric

method based on modified electrode M. Mazloum-Ardakani a, E. Kordi b, M.Dehghan *c

aDept. of Chem., Fac. of Sci., Yazd Uni., Yazd, bEducation office of Ardakan, Ardakan

cDept. of Chem., Ardakan payam noor center, Payam noor Uni.

E-mail: yazdshimi @yahoo.com

Abstract Polypyrrole (PPy) membrane were deposited on

glassy carbon (GC) electrode by electropolymerization in the presence of methyl red as a dopant. Then several oxidation / reduction potential steps applied to electrode in copper nitrate solution. Then this electrode was used for determination of copper by voltammetric method. The templating process improved the analytical response characteristics of the electrodes, specially their selectivity, with respect to copper ion. The electrodes were used for preconcentration and diffrential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). DPASV peak currents for the incorporated copper species were depended on the metal ion concentration in the range 1.0×10-8 to 1.0×10-3 M. The interferences of some transition metal ions were investigated. Keywords: voltammetry, polypyrrole, methyl red, copper

P 339

A potentiometric sensor for Detection of lead ion M. Mazloum-Ardakani a, E. Kordi*b, M.Dehghan c

aDept. of Chem., Fac. of Sci., Yazd Uni., Yazd bEducation office of Ardakan, Ardakan

cDept. of Chem., Ardakan payam noor center, Payam noor Uni.

E-mail:e.kordi@yahoo.com

Abstract Polypyrrol modified electrode prepared by

electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of a dopant, methyl red. Then the electrode were subjected to several oxidation/reduction steps in lead(II) nitrate solution, then templated electrode

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applied for potentiometric detection of lead ion. The templating process improved the modified electrode selectivity and its analytical response characteristics. The improvement of response of electrode depends on both the incorporated ligand (dopant) and the templating process. The potentiometric response of the electrode was linear within the pb2+ concentration range 1.0×10-5 to 5.0×10-2 M and a detection limit of 5.0×10-6 M. Keywords: potentiometric, polypyrrole, methyl red, lead

P 340

Voltammetric determination of rifampin in the

presence of isoniazide using pencil graphite electrode

Esmaeel Alipour* and Akram Mashmoul Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran E-mail: i-alipour@tabrizu.ac.ir

Abstract

The immobilization and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of rifampin using renewable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) is described. The influences of electrochemical pretreatment of PGE on the ability of the electrode in rifampin accumulation, including activation potential and time, were studied and optimum conditions were suggested. Accordingly, the electrochemical pretreatment of the polished PGE by electrostatic procedure at 1.80V for 10 min in 0.50M acetate buffer solution of pH 4.8 is proposed as the optimum pre-treatment procedure. Rifampin and isoniazid (INH) are important antibiotics which are widely used for the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. DPVs were obtained in phosphate buffer solution containing Rifampin and isoniazide showed overlapped peaks at about 0.2 V versus SCE. The results showed that isoniazide cannot accumulate on the PGE. Therefore, determination of accumulated rifampin is possible without interference of isoniazide Keywords: Rifampin, Isoniazide, Pencil graphite electrode, Differential pulse voltammetry

P 341

Simultaneous voltammetric determination of

copper and bismuth by least-squares support vector machines and partial

least squares Fatemeh Bagheban Shahri a,b,*, Ahmad Akrami a,b,

Ali Niazi a,b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran bYong Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail: bagheban60@gmail.com

Abstract Least-squares support vector machines (LS-

SVM) and partial least squares (PLS) have received considerable attention in the chemometrics for multicomponent analysis. A comparison was made between LS-SVM and PLS methods by applying them to simultaneous voltammetric determination of copper and bismuth. An adsorptive differential pulse stripping method for the simultaneous determination of copper and bismuth is proposed. The procedure involves an adsorptive accumulation of copper and bismuth on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE), followed by reduction of adsorbed copper and bismuth by voltammetric scan using differential pulse modulation. The optimum experimental conditions are: pH5.0, accumulation potential of -600mV versus Ag/AgCl, accumulation time of 100 s, scan rate of 20mV s-1and pulse height of 100mV. The simultaneous determination of copper and bismuth by using voltammetry is a difficult problem in analytical chemistry, due to voltammogram interferences. The resolution of mixture of copper and bismuth by the application of least-squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) was performed. The linear dynamic ranges were 0.01–3.10 µg mL-1 and 0.015–2.75 µg mL-1 and detection limits were 3 and 7 ng mL-1for copper and bismuth, respectively.

Keywords: Voltammetric, Determination, LS-SVM, PLS.

P 342

Selective Determination of Perchlorate by a New Potentiometric Electrode Based on a Complex of

Copper Mohammad Ali Sheikh-Mohseni∗, Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani, Abolfazl Naser-Sadrabadi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, I. R. Iran

E-mail: m.a.sh.mohseni@Gmail.com Abstract

In this paper, a highly selective poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrode based on a newly synthesized complex of cooper, as ionophore, for perchlorate-selective electrode is reported. The influence of membrane composition, pH and possible interfering anions were investigated on the response properties of the electrode. The sensor responds to perchlorate ion in linear range from 0.1 M to 1.0×10-6 M with a slope −59.4 ± 0.3 mV per decade. The limit of detection of the electrode was 4.0×10−7 M ClO4

–. Selectivity coefficients indicate a good discriminating ability towards ClO4

– ion in comparison to other anions. The proposed sensor has a fast response time of about 7 s and can be used for at least 2 months without any considerable divergence in potential. It was applied as potentiometric sensor in determination of perchlorate ion in real samples.

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Keywords: ion selective electrode, potentiometry, perchlorate, polymeric membrane

P 343

Investigation of the effects of organic solvents on

chemical and electrochemical Hydride generation of As (III) & As(IV)

M. H. Arbab Zavar, N. Ashraf, N. Yaghoubi Department of chemistry, Faculty of sciences,

Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. E-mail: arbab@um.ac.ir

Abstract

Hydride generation is one of the most often used techniques for generation of volatile compounds. There are two main methods of hydride generation; namely, Chemical hydride generation and Electrochemical hydride generation. Arsenic and its chemical species have been identified as carcinogens. The toxicity is highly dependent upon the chemical form in which it is present, for example As(III) and As(V) are predominantly toxic. There for it is of great importance to improve the determination of arsenic species for the study of its chemical behavior and environmental toxicology. Hydride generation (HG) is well–stablished technique for determination of arsenic(As) in a wide range of samples[1-2]. HG-coupled with colourimetric detection is a simple, low cost and sensitive method for determination of As in sample. The method is based on collection of AsH3 generated in a SDDC-organic base solution and on subsequent reaction of AsH3 with SDDC to form a coloured As(DDC)3 complex [1-2]. In this study, the effects of organic solvents such as Acetonitrile, Dimethylsulfoxide, ethanol, methanol, and 2-Propanol on the HG-Spectrophotometric determination of As(III) and As(IV) has been investigated. After optimizing the influencing parameters, the majority of the investigated solvent showed an increasing effect on the measured absorbance. Thus, it is proposed to use organic solvent as a modifier in CHG and ECHG of As(III) and As(V). Keywords: Hydride generation. Arsenic, organic solvents References: 1- M.H. Arbab Zavar, M. Chamsaz, M. Hashemi, Talanta 52 (2000) 1007. 2- M. Hashemi, M. H. Arbab Zavar, A. Sarafraz-Yazdi, Talanta 64 (2004) 644.

P 344

Determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species in underground water of industrial zone by catalytic cathodic stripping voltammetry

Mohammad Alimoradi. Ali niazi. Ali chakavi* Department of chemistry,Faculty of Science,Islamic

Azad University,Arak Branch, Iran .

E- mail: ali.chakavi@gmail.com

Abstract A technique for determining the speciation of

chromium in natural waters is presented to distinguish Cr(VI) and Cr(III). The technique is based on catalytic cathodic stripping voltammetry with adsorption of Cr(III)-dimercaprol complexes (CCSV-dimercaprol) free aqua Cr3+ and its hydroxyl ions active. According to different behaviors of Cr(VI) and active Cr(III) in bulck solution at electrode interface, a new calibration for [Cr(III)] active and an entire protocol for Cr speciation are proposed. Peak currents for active Cr(III) decreased and could be fitted exponentially. Following the fitting curve for first 10–20 min, the extrapolated.peak current at time zero (ipt0 ) was used as ameasure of [Cr(III)] active. [Cr(VI)] was measured 60 min after dimercaprol addition. With a stable peak current when Cr(III)-dimercaprol complexes were all converted to a non-active species. The operational conditions.for CCSV-dimercaprol were optimized. The detection limit and the recovery of [Cr(VI)] and [Cr(III)]active were, respectively,0.1nM and (100 ± 3)% at 10 nM level in the presence of organic ligands. The [Cr]total measured by GF-AAS and by CCSV-dimercaprol is close in nanomolar. Further application of the technique with evaluation of species alteration would facilitate studies related to chromium transportation, transformation. P 345

Determination of Hg2+ (II) ions in water by using

gold 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole Self Assembled Monolayer as a sensor

1 Susan Sadeghi* Analytical Chemistry Department1, Faculty of

Science, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran. Abstract

A monolayer of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MBT) was prepared on to a gold film through self-assembly procedure to produce a gold 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MBT) self-assembled monolayer (Au-2MBTSAMs) modified sensor. Characterization of the modified surface was performed by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. SPR signal was used for monitoring of chemical binding of Hg2+ ions in aqueous sample onto the modified gold SPR sensing surface. Hg2+ binding induced changes in the refractive index at the sensor surface and, consequently, changes in the SPR signal allowed not only quantification of the concentration of Hg2+ in solution from 2.0 µM to 22 µM but also selective detection of Hg2+ ions when present in mixtures containing Pb2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ ions. This sensor was used for determination of Hg2+ spiked in river water. Keywords: Self assembled monolayer, Mercury ion, Surface plasmon resonance

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P 346

Green tea extract as a natural source inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 2.0 M HCl Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi*, Maryam Khayat

Kashani Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran.

E-mail: s.m.ghoreishi@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

The use of green tea extract as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in 2.0 M HCl solution was investigated by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and Electrochmical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The weight loss results showed that herbal extract is an excellent corrosion inhibitor for mild steel immersed in 2.0 M HCl. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the extract behave as mixed-type inhibitors. The inhibition action of the extract was discussed in view of langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the inhibition efficiency (IE) was studied. On the other hand, the inhibition efficiency of inhibitors decreases as the temperature was increased. The apparent activation energy, Ea of the corrosion reaction was determined using Arrhenius plots. The surface morphology of each specimen after immersion in 2 M HCl in the absence and presence inhibitor was studied using a Philips model XL30 scanning electronic microscope. Keywords: Corrosion inhibition; green tea; Mild steel; Hydrochloric acid.

P 347

On-line sorption pre-concentrtion based on

surfactant coated alumina modified with Indane-1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioxime: Determination of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II)by flame atomic

absorption spectrometry in water samples Mina Habibzadeh, Mahdi Hosseini, Nasser dalali*

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasserdalali@yahoo.com

Abstract

The use of chemically immobilized sodium dodecyl sulfate coated γ-alumina with Indane-1,2,3-trione 1,2-dioxime for removal and pre-concentration of Co, Ni and Cu in natural water samples collected as rain water, mineral water and tap water followed by their consecutive AAS determination is described. The effect of parameters including pH, eluent concentration, sample solution and elution flow rates on the percentage of recovered metal ions was studied. The interfering effects of some foreign ions on the removal, pre-concentration and determination of the investigated metal ions were described. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 96% with a low

relative standard deviation (RSD < 2%). The limits of detection based on the equation DL=3Sb/m (N=7) for Cu, Ni and Co were found to be 1.8; 1.5 and 1.7 ng mL-1, respectively. The linear range about 5.0-2000 ng mL-1 were obtained for all metal ions. The presented method was successfully applied for determination of these metals in water samples. Keywords: On-line preconcentration, SDS Coated alumina, Flame atomic absorption Spectroscopy. P 348

Determination of Hydrazine based on inhibitory effect of hydrazine on oxidation of victoria blue

4R with bromate Afsaneh Safavi٭, a Tahereh Khosousi a

aDepartment of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. Iran

E-mail: safavi@chem.susc.ac.ir

Abstract A novel optical sensor has been developed for

determination of hydrazine based on immobilization of victoria blue 4R on triacetylcellulose membrane. The inhibitory effect of hydrazine on oxidation of victoria blue 4R with bromate could be used for determination of hydrazine. Hydrazine exhibits an induction period on oxidation of victoria blue 4R with bromate. This induction period is directly proportional to hydrazine concentration. The differences in absorbance of the uninhibited and inhibited reactions (∆A) at fixed time of 2 min was studied for selection of optimum conditions. A graph of induction period versus hydrazine concentration can be used as calibration curve. This optical sensor exhibit a linear response over the concentration range of 0.1-9 µg/mL for 3×10-4 M of bromate and 10-70 µg/mL for 2×10-3 M of bromate. Limit of detection was found as 0.05 µg/mL for the first calibration set and 5 µg/mL for second calibration set. To test the practical application of the present sensor, some spiked water samples were analyzed with satisfactory recoveries. Keywords: Bromate, Hydrazine, Optical sensor, Victoria blue 4R P 349

Electrosynthesis of new compounds of

phenylpyran derivatives Behrooz mirza a*, Mohsen Sargordan-Arani b,

Sepehr Sadegh Samiei c

a Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

b Faculty of Chemistry, , Faculty of science, Islamic Azad university, Shahre Rey Branch,Tehran, Iran a Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Science and research branch , Iran

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Abstract The phenyl pyran group is a constituent of the

structures of a series of natural products with interesting biological and pharmacological activities such as anti-coagulant, anticancer, spasmolytic, anti-anaphylactic, etc. The importance of these compounds has led many workers to synthesize those using different methods. Each of the above methods has its own merits, while some are plagued by limitations of poor yields, difficult work-up and toxic. An efficient and convenient synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans is described, using an electro generated base of the anion of dimedone in a one-pot, condensation of an aromatic aldehyde, and two molecules of dimedone compound. The reaction is carried out at room temperature in water/acetonitrile solution with the use of an anode in a single- compartment cell. P 350

Removal of Reactive Orange 12 Dye by Eggshell

Mohammad reza fathi*, Abusaleh shariati Islamic Azad university of Gachsaran Email: fathiemadabadi@yahoo.com

Abstract The use of eggshell as adsorbent for the removal

of Reactive Orange 12 (RO12) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The initial pH of dye solutions in the range 2-10 did not influence significantly removal of RO 12 by eggshell. The highest value of adsorption capacity was observed at 55±10C. The extent of adsorption of the dye was related directly to the surface area of the adsorbent. The results presented demonstrate clearly that eggshell with its membrane attached is a potentially useful material to be used for the removal of RO12 from industrial wastewater. Keywords: eggshell, Reactive Orange 12, removal

P 351

A chemometrics study on the solvent and

substituent effects on absorption electronic spectra of some substituted Schiff bases

Bahram Hemmateenejad a,b,, Mahdieh Yazdani a a Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University,

Shiraz 71454, Iran b Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry

Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

A series of Schiff bases were studied for their delicate changes in absorption electronic spectra by changing substituents and solvents. Schiff base derivatives of different substituents ranging from electron withdrawing to electron donating (Br, CF3, Cl, CN, CO2H, F, Me, NO2, OH, OMe, H) in ortho, meta and para positions of the aromatic ring were used. At the same time, different solvents having

different solvatochromic parameters were used (Acetonitrile, CHCl3, Cyclohexane, Dioxane, DMSO, Methanol). Linear relationships were established to show how the variations of wave number were related to molecular descriptors and solvatochromic parameters by changing substituents and solvent, respectively. MLR and factor analysis (FA) were applied to find the meaningful chemical factors and provide the regression models. Molar absorptivity coefficients of each molecule were also calculated. It was found that the wave number of maximum absorbance was mainly controlled by the solvent’s dipolarity/polarizability. In addition, the descriptors of Mor30p, Mor22v and E2v were selected for para, meta and ortho positions, respectively. Keywords: Schiff base, solvent, substituent.

P 352

Prediction Non-peptidic Inhibitors of Human

Neutrophil Elastase using QSAR study Nahid Ghasemi *a, Mohammad Goodarzi ab, Reza

Marandi c , Akram Khosravi d

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak,

Markazi, Iran Email: N-GHASEMI@iau-arak.ac.ir

bYoung Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Markazi, Iran

c Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University- North Tehran Branch

d Department of biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Five molecular descriptors were selected from a pool of variables using genetic algorithm, and then used to build a QSAR model for a non-peptidic inhibitors of human Neutrophil Elastase. Modeling of the relationship between selected molecular descriptors and pIC50 data was achieved by multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) as linear and nonlinear methods, respectively. Both linear and nonlinear methods were achieved; while MLR gave an acceptable model for predictions, the ANN-based model improved significantly the predictive ability, being more reliable for the prediction. However, the predictive performance of the GA/ANN model suggesting that the present methodology may be useful to solve other QSAR problems, specially those involving non-linearities. Keywords: quantitative structure-activity relationships, multiple linear regression, artificial neural network, non-peptidic inhibitors, human Neutrophil Elastase . P 353

A novel QSPR study on the selectivity

coefficients of Lanthanide sensors: Lanthanum-selective electrode

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Siavash Riahi a,b*, Roya kiani-Anbouhi b, Shima Soleimani b, Mohammad Reza Ganjali b, Parviz

Norouzi b a Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the selectivity coefficients of a cation-selective electrode were predicted with the novel QSPR model for the first time. The selectivity coefficients of La(III) membrane sensor based on 8-amino-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) naphthylamine (AIP) were efficiently estimated and predicted. We optimized structure of Mn+-AIP to calculate structural descriptors of AIP in presence cations based on DFT (B3LYP functional) with SBKJC basis set. The selected descriptors by GA were used to develop a MLR model. Square of correlation coefficient (R2) and Square of correlation coefficient of cross validation (Q2) values for the MLR model were 0.945 and 0.914, respectively. New strategy in this paper can be developed to other QSPR studies in cation-selective electrodes. Keywords: Selectivity coefficient; Multiple linear regression (MLR); Genetic algorithm; Molecular descriptors; QSPR; Chemometrics P 354

QSAR study of DATAs derivatives as potent

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors Majid Amiri*, Davood Ajloo

School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: amiri_dubs@yahoo.com E-mail: ajloo@dubs.ac.ir

Abstract

QSAR study on a series of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Diaryltriazines, DATAs) were carried out using a suitable set of molecular descriptors that was calculated by HyprChem and Dragon softwares. Chemometrics methods including multiple linear regression (MLR) and principal component analysis (PCA) as well as principal component regression analysis (PCRA) were used to establish QSAR models to predict anti HIV-1 activity of DATAs derivatives. The results indicate that aromatic, nonpolar and planar molecules have higher anti HIV activity and the nature of the substituent at C(4) of triazine ring plays an important role in DATAs against HIV-1 RT wild-type. The QSAR models would be useful in designing new inhibitors for HIV-1 RT wild-type. Keywords: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, NNRTIs, DATAs, QSAR, MLR, PCRA

P 355

QSPR analysis for the prediction of inherent viscosity of novel optically active polymers via

GA-PLS and ANN Shadpour Mallakpour a,*, Mehdi Hatami a, Hassan

Golmohammadi b a Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory,

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Islamic Republic

of Iran

b Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Islamic Republic of Iran

*Author for correspondence. E-mail: mallak@cc.iut.ac.ir, mallakpour84@alumni.ufl.edu,

mallak777@yahoo.com Abstract

New aromatic-aliphatic poly(amide-imide)s with pendant substituted benzamide groups have been synthesized from the condensation reaction of equimolar amounts of the diamine and diacid chlorides. A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) treatment of inherent viscosity (η inh) of these polymers was performed by means of a genetic algorithm based partial least squares (GA-PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN). First the total of 532 descriptors was calculated for each polymer. In the next step an ANN was constructed and trained for the prediction of η inh of polymers. The inputs of this neural network are theoretically derived descriptors that were chosen by GA and PLS feature selection techniques. The result obtained showed the ability of developed artificial neural network to prediction of inherent viscosity of polymers. The results are in good agreement with the experimental values.

P 356

Multivariate regression approach based on

partial least squares for the evaluation of the protein and moisture in fishmeal

S. Masoum,1* A. Alishahi,2 M. Shekarchi,3 H. Farahmand,2 N. Prieto,4

1 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

2 Department of Fisheries and Environmental Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Laboratory of Food and Drug, Sanitary Ministry of Iran, Tehran, Iran

4 Estación Agrícola Experimental. CSIC. Finca Marzanas, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain

E-mail: masoum@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

The potential of infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as a fast method to predict the crude protein (CP) and moisture (M) content in fishmeal by scanning spectra between 1000 and 2500 nm using multivariate regression technique based on partial least squares (PLS) was evaluated. The coefficient of determination in calibration (R2

C)

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and standard error of calibration (SEC) were 0.95 and 14.03 g kg-1 dry matter (DM) and 0.80 and 3.52 g kg-1, for CP and M content, respectively. This study proved that the application of NIRS using PLS is well fitted to evaluate the protein and moisture content of fishmeal. Keywords: Infrared reflectance spectroscopy, protein, moisture, partial least squares

P 357

Quantitative structure-inhibition of 1, 2, 4 -

triazolo [4, 3-α] pteridines on Xanthine oxidase activity

R. Tabaraki*, Elham Heidarizadi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam, Iran. Email: rezatabaraki@ yahoo.com

Abstarct

The effect of molecular structure on the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 18 compounds from 1, 2, 4-triazolo [4, 3-α] pteridines was investigated by the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis. The multiple linear regression (MLR) was used as modeling method and leave-one-out cross validation (LOO-CV) procedure was employed to evaluate the performance of the resulted models. The most relevant descriptors were selected with genetic algorithm (GA). Squared correlation coefficient, mean relative error and mean absolute error for calibration and test sets were (0.988, 1.095%, 0.048) and (0.950, 2.481%, 0.106), respectively P 358

Optimization of extraction conditions of natural

antioxidants from rice bran using response surface methodology

Reza.Tabaraki*, Ashraf Nateghi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam Iran. Email: rezatabaraki@yahoo.com

Abstract

Ultrasonic technology was applied for the extraction of valuable compounds from rice bran and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize extraction experimental parameters. Three experimental variables were methanol percentage (%), temperature (ºC) and time (min). Temperature of 62ºC, 65ºC and 70ºC were optimal for the highest antioxidant activities measured by the Total phenolic content (TPC) assay, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, respectively. The optimal methanol percentage was 70% and optimal time was 45 min.

P 359

Prediction of binding free energy and maximum wavelength for some anticancer drugs

Maryam Payehghadr*, Davood Ajloo

School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan

* Email: mpayehghadr@yahoo.com

Abstract As the knowledge in the field of quantitative

structure–activity relationships (QSAR) accumulates, it confirms the very high complexity and nonlinear character of most of such relationships. Dihydropyrimidinones and their sulfur analogues are pharmacologically important, because of their antibacterial, antitumour and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study we prepared 2mM solutions of drugs at T=300oK and pH=7.0, then obtained absorbance in λ max for the volumes 0-100 �L respectively, and we can obtain ε according to A=Ɛbc. Binding constants (K) were estimated from F0/(F0-F)=(1/f)K[Q]+1/f. ∆Gautodock were calculated by Autodock program. Then cited thermodynamic parameters were predicted by QSAR method. In this study, structure of ligands was optimized by Hyperchem 7.0 and descriptors for each ligand were calculated by Dragon 3.0. Some equations were obtained for λmax, ε, ∆Gfluorescence and ∆GAutodock by SPSS 16.0 program. The results were compared with experimental values so that correlation coefficients, R, were obtained as: 0.92, 0.93, 0.93 and 0.95 respectively. Keywords: Dihydropyrimidinones, fluorescence, Autodock, absorbance, QSAR. P 360

Quantitative structure–property relationship studies of gas to wet butyl acetate partition

coefficient of some organic compounds using genetic algorithm and artificial neural network Zahra Dashtbozorgi 1*, Hassan Golmohammadi 2

1Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, central Branch, Young researchers club, Tehran,

Iran 2 Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University,

Babolsar, Iran *Author for correspondence. E-mail:

z.dashtbozorgi@gmail.com Abstract

A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) study based on artificial neural network (ANN) was carried out for the prediction of the gas-to-wet butyl acetate partition coefficient of a set of 81 organic compounds of a very different chemical nature. The genetic algorithm-partial least squares (GA-PLS) method was applied as a variable selection tool. A PLS method was used to select the best descriptors and the selected descriptors were used as input neurons in neural network model. These descriptors are: Randic index (order 2)( 2χ ),

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PPSA-3 Atomic charge weighted PPSA (PPSA-3), DPSA-3 Difference in CPSAs (DPSA-3), Minimum net atomic charge for a O atom (qmin O ) and HDSA H-donors surface area (HDSA). The results obtained showed the ability of developed artificial neural network for prediction of the gas to wet butyl acetate partition coefficient of various compounds. Also result reveals the superiority of the ANN over the PLS model.

Keywords: quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR), artificial neural network (ANN), gas-to-wet butyl acetate partition coefficient P 361

Optimization of quercetin nanoemulsion preparation

using experimental design and multiple linear regression

Pouneh Ebrahimi1, Bahar Ebrahimmagham2, Fereshteh Pourmorad3, Alireza Banaei2

1. Higher Education Center, PO BOX 163, Gonbad, Iran 2.Faculty of Science, University of Payam Noor, Ardabil,

Iran 3. Pharmaceuticl Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Abstract

In this study Nanoemulsions with spontaneous emulsification method is prepared. A chemometrics approach has been used to optimize Quercetin nanoemulsions size. The experiment were performed according to a Box-Behenken experimental design. It is one of the most suitable factorial experimental designs for modeling studies. Experimental parameter and related levels including concentration of lecithin in ethanol (2-0.7% w/w), the concentration of Tween in ethanol (8-2% w/w) and sonication time (60-10 minutes) were studied. In each step of experimental design, the organic phase (including Lecithin, Tween and quercetin (0.1% by w/w) in ethanol) was added to the water phase. Then mixture stands on ultrasonic bath for 15 minutes, after removing organic solvent by rotary evaporator, the particle size was measured by Zetasizer instrument. After determining particle size average in each step of the experimental design, modeling of this parameter in three experimental conditions was conducted by using multiple linear regressions with SPSS software. The regression model obtained was characterized by both it’s descriptive and predictive ability (R=0.999, R2=0.997 , adjasted R2=0.994 and S.E=4.510411). and by means of a grid search algorithm, to optimized the nanoemolsion’s size. The Experiment performed under the optimum conditions were predicted by the model. The model was also verified by the good correspondance observed between predicted and experimental values. Then validation of an isocratic LC method for the quantification of quercetin(Q) incorporated In topical nanoemulsions. The analyses were performed at room temperature on perfectcil target

Column using a mobile phase composed of methanol/water(70:30,v/v) and trifluoraceticacid 0.1%at 1 mLmin. The detection was carried out on a UV detector at 368 for Q ,respectively. The linearity, in the range calculated by the Least square method for flavonoids. No interferences from the excipients (egg-lecithin or tween80) were detected. Keywords: nanoemolsion, Quercetin, Box-Behnken design, zetasizer, LC validation.

P 362

Simultaneous determination of some components

in detergent washing powder by infrared spectrometry and artificial neural network Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi*, Nafiseh

Khoddami, Mohammad Babaei Rouchi Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, IKIU,

Qazvin, Iran Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com

Abstract

A method has been established for simultaneous determination of sodium Sulfate (SS), sodium Carbonate (SC) and Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) in detergent washing powder samples based on attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometry in mid-IR

spectral region (800-1550 cm-1). Genetic algorithm (GA) wavelength selection followed by feed forward back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) was the chemometric approach. Root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for BP-ANN and GA-BP-ANN was 0.0051 and 0.0048, respectively. The proposed method is simple, with no tedious pretreatment step for simultaneous determination of abovementioned components in a commercial washing powder sample. Keywords: detergent; analysis; chemometrics; neural network; genetic algorithm.

P 363

Quantitative Structure _ Activity Relationships

(QSAR) study of organic & pharmaceutical compounds by different chemometrics methods

Amir Ezatpanah a, Ali Niazi *,a,b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran b Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran Email: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abestract

A QSAR study is suggested for the prediction of binding affinity of drugs. This approach as the most important field in computational chemistry, provides information for design a model that used to describe binding affinity of 84 compounds from mimic thyroxin ligands for the thyroid hormone receptor β1 (TRβ1) as IC50. structural descriptors (GETAWAY & WHIM) were calculated for each

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Drug. Among the investigation of QSAR, one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the model is the method to build the model. The partial least squares (PLS) is a popular algorithm developed from the machine learning community. Due to its advantages and remarkable generalization performance over other methods, PLS has attracted attention and gained extensive applications. This model was applied for the prediction of the binding affinity of these drugs, which were not in the modeling procedure. The resulted model showed high prediction ability with RMSEP of 0.0236 for GA-PLS with comparison ODC-PLS (RMSEP= 0.1614) and PLS (RMSEP=0.3078). Results have shown that the introduction of GA-PLS for quantum chemical and structural descriptors drastically enhances the ability of prediction in QSAR studies superior to multiple linear regression and partial least squares.

Keywords: QSAR , binding affinity , PLS , GA-PLS , ODC-PLS

P 364

Application of diffuse reflectance near infrared spectrometry for estimation of particle size in

nano TiO2 Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi 1*, Amir Bagheri

Garmarudi 1,2, Nafiseh Khoddami 1 1-Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, IKIU,

Qazvin, Iran 2-Department of Chemistry & Polymer

Laboratories, Engineering Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

*Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com Abstract

The relationship between particle size and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectra in near infrared region has been applied to introduce a method for estimation of particle size. Thirty five different nano TiO2 samples with different particle size were analyzed by DR-FTNIR spectrometry and the obtained data were processed by BP- ANN. The network was trained by 30 samples and was evaluated by remaining 5 samples. In order to establish whether the new method is applicable for estimation of particle size of nano structured samples, the optimized model was applied to analyze 44 nano TiO2 samples. It was observed that ANN using the back-propagation algorithm is capable of generalization and could correctly predict the average particle size of nano-sized particles. Keywords: nano-TiO2; particle size; DR-FTNIR spectrometry; artificial neural network; chemometrics

P 365

Prediction of Kinetic and Equilibrium Constant of Some Porphyrin Derivatives by Chemometric

Methods

Maryam Ghadamgahi*, Davood Ajloo Laboratory of Computational Biophysical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Damghan

University, Damghan *E-mail: ghadamgahi63_2010@yahoo.com

Abstract

Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) studies were performed for the sets of 40 Porphyrin derivatives. Kinetic and equilibrium constant were employed as theoretical descriptors (independent variables) to find the relationship between structure and physico-chemical properties. These parameters were predicted by multiple linear regression. These methods resulted in useful models with good prediction ability to predict the kinetic and equilibrium constant for 40 sets of such compounds. Multiple linear regression method (MLR) and Principal component analysis (PCA) were used to select descriptors which are responsible for kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of these compounds. The correlation coefficients for prediction of rate and equilibrium constant were 0.8267 and 0.987 respectively by MLR method and was 0.8366 for prediction of equilibrium constant by PCA analysis. All analytical methods were carried out using SPSS 16.0.

Keywords: Porphyrin, Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship, Principal Component Analysis, Kinetic Constant, Equilibrium Constant P 366

Analysis of the structural requirement for inhibiting HIV-1 integrase: A QSAR study

Abbas mohammadi , Davood ajloo*, School of Chemistry, Damghan University,

Damghan, Iran E-mail: ajloo@dubs.ac.ir

E-mail: abbasmohammadi66@yahoo.com

Abstract Correlation between structure and activity of

sixty seven substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole naphtiridines as HIV-1 inhibitors was studied by multiple linear regression(MLR) and principle component analysis (PCA) techniques. Structure of cited compounds were optimized geometrically by hyperchem7.0 and molecular descriptor were obtained by Dragon3.0 software. MLR and PCA studies on data was carried out by SPSS16. Cross validation were tested by MATLAB software. MLR results showed that logIC50 has a good correlation to GETAWAY, 3D-MoRSE, BCUT, 2D autocorrelations, WHIM, topological descriptors. Correlation between logIC50 and some physicochemical descriptors resulted a benefit correlation to charge on oxygen atom (that cheated with Mg ion as cofactor), rotable bond fraction (RBF), sum of conventional bond orders (SCBO) and polarizability. Reduction of data to known fine descriptors were performed. PCR result showed that inhibition of HIV-1 integrase activity by 1,3,4-

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oxadiazole substituted naphthyridine derivatives increased by size, charge and aromaticity descriptors. Keywords: HIV-1 inhibitors, QSAR, PCR, Topological descriptors

P 367

Prediction of Abraham Parameters for Some

Drug Molecules from Molecular Structure

Mohammad H. Fatemi, Hoda Shamseddin*

Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract

The Abraham solute parameters are well-known factors for the quantitative description of solute/solvent interactions. A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) is reported for the E, S, A, and B parameters of a large set of 163 solutes, of organic and pharmaceutical drug molecules. The proposed models, derived from multilinear regression analysis (MLRA) and artificial neural networks (ANN), contain five descriptors calculated solely from the molecular structure of compounds. Good correlations were obtained for the four parameters studied, and the corresponding values of R2 and standard deviations are better or similar than those derived from other theoretical bases. All models were validated by external prediction sets. The proposed QSPR models, both by MLRA and ANN, contain analogous descriptors encoding similar information, that agree with the accepted physicochemical meaning of the Abraham parameters; however, some descriptors which encode information that is not associated with this physicochemical meaning are also included in the QSPR models.

Keywords: Multiple linear regression, Artificial neural network, Abraham parameters P 368

3D-QSAR study of anti-hypertension activity of benzazepinone derivatives using artificial neural

networks Maryam Bordbar 1*, Mohammad Mahdi Ahari-

Mostafavi 2

1-Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qom-Branch, Qom, Iran

2- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: m.bordbare@gmail.com Abstract

This work is devoted to the development of quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models of the biologicalactivity for some benzazepinone-like calcium entry blockers (CEBs), Diltiazem analogs. The main aim of the present work was developing a model to predict the activity

parameter (IC50) of benzazepinone molecules . A subset of the calculated descriptors selected using genetic algorithm (GA) was used in the QSAR models development. Artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized to construct the QSAR model. The optimal QSAR model was developed based on a 4-4–1 artificial neural network architecture using molecular descriptors calculated from molecular structure alone. The root mean square errors (RMSE) in IC50 predictions were 0.12 for the training set, 0.16 for the validation set and 0.15 for the prediction set. The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental value.

Keywords: 3D-QSAR, ANN, anti-hypertension activity, calcium entry blockers P 369

Quantitative structure–property relationship studies of density for liquefied and compressed

natural gas (LNG and CNG) using artificial neural network

Zahra Kalantar*, Samira Sha'abani *Department of Chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, Iran Email: zahrakalantar@yahoo.com and

shabani.samira@yahoo.com Abstract

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were successfully developed for the modeling and prediction of density of natural gas component over a wide range of temperature and pressure. A large number of descriptors were calculated with Dragon software and a subset of calculated descriptors was selected from 18 classes of Dragon descriptors with a stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) as a feature selection technique. two calculated and two experimental descriptors, pressure and temperature, were selected as the most feasible descriptors. The selected descriptors were used as input nodes for generated 4-8-1 networks. The data set was randomly divided into three data sets: training (543 point), prediction (159 point) and test set (143 point). After training and optimization of the ANN parameters, the performance of the model was investigated by the test set. The results obtained using ANNs were compared with the experimental values as well as with those obtained using regression model and showed the superiority of ANN model over MLR model. Keywords: artificial neural network, MLR, Density, natural gas

P 370

Establishment of a quantitative structure-property relationship model for predicting the

redox potential of phenolic antioxidants Zohreh Gharehchahi*, Mohammad Hossein Fatemi

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

136

Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I. R. Iran

E-mail: z.gharechahi@gmail.com Abstract

In this work, quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model on the base of multiple linear regression (MLR) was developed to predict the redox potential for 42 phenolic antioxidants. Various descriptors were calculated for each phenol in data set, and then stepwise MLR method was used to select more significant descriptors and MLR model development. The selected descriptors are: HOMA (Harmonic Oscillator Model of Aromaticity) index, nOH (number of hydroxyl groups) and HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) energy. The developed MLR model had the statistics of R=0.960 SE=0.065 and F=108.31 for training set and R=0.936, SE=0.080 and F=57.005 for prediction set. The credibility of MLR model was evaluated by using leave-one-out cross validation and y-scrambling procedure. The leave-one-out cross validation test gives the statistics of Q2=0.625 and SPRESS=0.729, which revealed the robustness of model. Finally the results of y-scrambling shows R2=0.386, which indicate that the results of developed model were not due the chance. Therefore this developed MLR model can be use to estimate the redox potentials or antioxidant activities of new phenolic compounds by QSPR approaches.

Keywords: Quantitative structure-property relationship, Phenolic antioxidant, Multiple linear regression P 371

Calculation of the Chromatographic Retention by the QSPR

Method for Some of the Adamantane Derivatives M.Fakoor *, Z.Bayat, M.Zanoozi

Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University-Quchan Branch, Iran

Abstract

The chromatographic behavior of adamantane derivatives as sorbents was studied. The retention characteristics of adamantane derivatives were determined. The effect of various substituents on the chromatographic behavior of the compounds was examined. Correlations between the sorption and structural characteristics of adamantane derivatives were found based on the QSPR (Quantitative Structure_Property Relationships) method. The applicability of this technique to calculation of this parameter was demonstrated and a model that makes it possible to predict the retention characteristics of compounds on the basis of descriptors taking into account the molecule was suggested. In this report Quantum-chemical calculations were performed with Gaussian 03 package and HyperChem program package, version 8.0, by Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods

and at the 6-31+G** basis set. Also Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) were employed to model the relationships between molecular descriptors and retention characteristics of molecules using stepwise method.

Keywords: chromatography ,adamantane derivatives, Retention time, QSAR, DFT, MLR P 372

Modeling of most frequent components of

essential oils using hydrogen bonding descriptors Mehdi Jalali-Heravi, Heshmatollah Ebrahimi-

Najafabadi Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of

Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9516, Tehran, Iran E-mail: Heshmat_ebrahimi@mehr.sharif.edu

Abstract

The gas chromatography retention indices of 99 different components of essential oils were used to construct a robust quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) model. The compounds were subjected to two different modeling strategies. The first one was stepwise multiple linear regression (stepwise-MLR). In order to choose and evaluate the models, Fmax,step was used as an alternative criterion to the critical F values. The hydrogen bonding descriptors were calculated and were used to construct the model. Results of this method revealed that 80 percent of the variances of the response can be explained by the model. The other strategy was kernel orthogonal projection to latent structure (KOPLS). R2 values for the prediction set established by Monte Carlo cross validation and a separate test set of the KOPLS were 0.92 and 0.94, respectively. Y-randomization technique was used to assess the chance correlation in the developed models. This technique indicated that there was no chance correlation in the KOPLS constructed model. Keywords: KOPLS, Hydrogen bonding descriptors, MCCV, Chance correlation P 373

Study of Free Energies of Electron Transfer of

Flavonoid Derivatives With Fullerenes in Nanostructure [R].Cn

(R= Chrysin, 5-OH Flavone and 7-OH Flavone) Complexes

Avat (Arman) Taherpour* and Younes Nourmohammadi-Dehbalaie

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University,Arak Branch

P. O. Box 38135-567, Arak, Iran Email: avatarman.taherpour@ gmail.com

Abstract

The flavonoid derivatives have shown the important electron-transfer properties. Fullerenes are a family of carbon allotropes, molecules

137

composed entirely of carbon, that take the forms of spheres, ellipsoids and cylinders. Topological have been successfully used to construct effective and useful mathematical methods to establish clear relationships between structural data and the physical properties of these materials. In this study, the number of carbon atoms in the fullerenes was used as an index to establish a relationship between the structures of Chrysin, 5-OH Flavone and 7-OH Flavone, 1-3 as the most well-known redox systems and fullerenes Cn (n=60, 70, 76, 82 and 86), which create [Chrysin].Cn A-1 to A-5, [5-OH Flavone].Cn, B-1 to B-5 and [7-OH Flavone].Cn, C-1 to C-5. The relationship between the number of carbon atoms and the free energies of electron transfer (∆Get(1) to ∆Get(4)) are assessed using the ET equation for A-1 to A-5, B1 to B-5, C-1 to C-5 and D-1 to D-5 supramolecular [R].Cn (R=Chrysin, 5-OH Flavone and 7-OH Flavone) complexes. Calculations are presented for the four reduction potentials (Red.E1 to Red.E4) of fullerenes Cn. The results were used to calculate the four free-energies of electron transfer (∆Get(1) to ∆Get(4)) of supramolecular complexes A-1 to A-5, B1 to B-5 and C-1 to C-5 for fullerenes Cn (n=60-300). Keywords: Fullerenes; Flavonoids; Free energy of electron transfer; Electron transfer. P 374 Computational approaches to the prediction of the

octanol-water partition coefficient S. Vahdani *,Z.Bayat,S.qaneinasab

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Quchan Branch, Iran

Email: z.bayat@ymail.com

Abstract It is important to determine whether a candidate

molecule is capable of penetrating the Partition Coefficients in drug discovery and development. The aim of this paper is to establish a predictive model for Partition Coefficients penetration using simple descriptors. The usefulness of the quantum chemical descriptors, calculated at the level of the DFT theories using 6-31G* basis set for QSAR study of anti-cancer drugs was examined. Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) were employed to model the relationships between molecular descriptors and biological activities of molecules using stepwise method as variable selection tools. Biological activities contain the logarithm of the ratio of the steady-state concentration of a compound in the aqueous (hydrophilic) and biological (lipophilic), logP. A multi-parametric equation containing maximum eight descriptors at B3LYP/6-31G* method with good statistical qualities(RMAX= 0.935 , R2

MAX= 0.875) was obtained by MLR using stepwise method.

Keywords: Partition Coefficients, QSAR, DFT, MLR, Abinitio

P 375

Quantitative –Structure Activity Relationship Study of Rate Constants of

Oxidation Reaction of Phenolic Compounds Jahan B. Ghasemi 1, Marjaneh. Samadizadeh 2,

Sepideh Soltanian 2*, S. Hossein Kiaee 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, K.N.

Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

E-mail:sepidehsoltanian@yahoo.com Abstract

A quantitative structure activity relationship has been applied to a data set of 20 substituted phenols with phenolate anion rate constant (KAro

-) activity. This QSAR has been applied to a series of substituted phenols can be oxidized by singlet oxygen which were of interest because of their roles in environmental samples. Two types of molecular descriptors including quantum and physical chemical were used to derive a quantitative relationship between the phenolate anion rate constant and structural properties. A multi-parametric equation containing four descriptors with good statistical qualities was obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR). The stepwise MLR of SPSS software was used for the selection of the variables. After variables selection, MLR method used leave-one-out cross-validation for building the regression models. Appropriate models with low standard errors and high correlation coefficients were selected. The results showed that MLR method could model the relationship between phenolate anion rate constant (KAro

-) and their quantum and physical chemical descriptors perfectly in addition, the correlation coefficients are 0.9682 and 0.9369 for MLR and cross-validation, respectively. Keywords: QSAR; MLR; Phenolate anion rate constant; Substituted phenols.

P 376

Volatile Oil Analysis of Tanacetum punctatum

(Desr.) Grierson. Farid Berenjian Asl a , Ali Shafaghat a*, Farshid

Salimi a , Hassan Habibzadeh a, Mahdi Mohammad Alizadeh

a, Vahid Amani a , Noshin Aslanian a and Malihe Khalilnezhad a

a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran.

Email: farid_berenjian@yahoo.com Abstract

The hydrodistilled essential oil from aerial part of Tanacetum punctatum was analyzed by GC and GC/MS methods. Seventeen constituents representing (91.1%) of the oil were identified of which trans-β- farnesene (30.6%), caryophyllene oxide (26.1%), β-caryophyllene (21.1%) and bicyclo

138

[3, 1, 1] heptan-2-one (5. 2%) were major components.

Keywords: Tanacetum punctatum, Compositae, essential oil, trans-β- farnesene, caryophyllene oxide.

P 377

Selective Transport of Lead(II) through a Bulk

Liquid Membrane Using Dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 as a Carrier

Gholamhossein Rounaghi*, Roya Mohammad Zadeh Kakhki

Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad-IRAN.

E-mail:ghrounaghi@yahoo.com

Abstract A chloroform membrane system containing

dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 is introduced for the selective and efficient transport of Pb2+ ion. In the presence of suitable stripping agent in the receiving phase and at the optimum pH, about 95% of lead cation was transported over a period of 14 h. The carrier can selectively and efficiently transport Lead(II) ion from aqueous solutions containing other cations such as Co2+,Cu2+, Zn2 +, Pb2+, Cr3+, Cd2+. Keywords: liquid membrane transport, Pb(II),Dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6, chloroform.

P 378

Removal of lead and cadmium ions in Single- and binery Component system by sugar can bagasse

Shirin Alipoortorab*,Rahim Avarand Production Technology Research Institute,

Khuzestan Water & Power Industry Email: Alipoortorab@yahoo.com

Abstract

In the present study, adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) on sugar can bagasse has been investigated in mono- and binary –component system.Different experimental conditions such as pH , temperature , bagass mass and exchange time were studied and optimum conditions were selected.The batch adsorption experiment was used. Applicability of the isotherm models namely Freundlich and Langmuir to predict the equilibrium uptake of Pb(II), and Cd(II) in mono-component and binary system has also been tested. The calculated value from Freundlich adsorption parameter (KF) and Langmuir adsorption parameter showed that the maximum adsorption capacities(qmax) of the metal ions are in order of Pb2+ > Cd2+. Sorption is decreased in binery component system. Keywords: Removal, Sugar can bagasse, Adsorbtion, lead, cadmium

P 379

Equilibrium optimization of Cercis biomass for removal of Fe(II) from waste water Ali Niazi * and Fatemeh Shahhoseini

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

Email: ali.niazi@gmail.com Abstract

Cercis tree leaves ,which are in great supply in Iran, were evaluated for removal of Fe(II) From aqueous solution. Maximum biosorption capacities for Cercis was measured as 54.0 mg/g for Fe(II).For sorbent the most effective pH range was found to be 7 for Fe(II). The equilibrium data for Fe(II) best fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.The sorbent could be regenerated using 4 M HNO3 during repeated biosorption–desorption cycles, one of the most effective desorbent, resulted in 69.0% recovery of this metal ion. P 380

Determination of ββββ-Caroten by Dispersive

Liquid-Liquid Microextraction with Solidification of a Floating Organic Drop Followed by High-Performance Liquid

Chromatography Akram Rahimi*,1 Payman Hashemi 2

1Islamic Azad University of Doroud, Doroud-IRAN

2 Lorestan University, Department of Chemistry, Khoramabad, IRAN

E-mail:a_rahimi88@yahoo.com

Abstract In this study, β-Carotene was determined by

using a novel dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO). DLLME-SFO is a fast, cheap, and easy-to-use method for detecting trace levels of samples. Most importantly, this method uses less-toxic solvents. The method was tested for the enrichment of β-Carotene from carrot before analysis by a HPLC method. 2-decanol and acetone were used as the organic and disperser phases, respectively. Effects of salt concentration and phase volumes on the extraction of the analyte were optimized using a central composite (response surface) design. Under the optimized conditions (i.e. ionic strength 0.2 mol/L, 2-decanol 30µL and acetone 1.2 mL) an extraction recovery of 99 (±2.4)% was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied for the study of β-Carotene in carrot samples.

Keywords: DLLME, SFO

P 381

Ligandless dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet method for

preconcentration and separation of rhodium

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prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

Sayed Zia Mohammadi a, Daryoush Afzali b, Laleh Karimzadeh a

a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Kerman, Iran,

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran

E-mail: szmohammadi@yahoo.com

Abstract In this article, ligandless dispersive liquid–liquid

microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplet was used as a sample preparation method prior to flame atomic absorption determination of trace amounts of rhodium in standard and dust samples. Several factors that may be affected on the extraction process, such as extraction and disperser solvent, the volume of extraction and disperser solvent, effect of salt, pH of the aqueous solution and extraction time were optimized. Under the best experimental conditions, the calibration curve exhibited linearity at 0.010 - 3.7 µg mL-1with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992 and detection limit was 1.5 ng mL−1 based on 3Sb. Eight replicate determination of 1.0 µg mL-1 rhodium gave a mean absorbance of 0.255 with relative standard deviation of ±1.7%. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to extraction and determination of rhodium ions in dust and standard samples and satisfactory results were obtained. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction ; Solidification; Ligandless; Rhodium determination P 382

Enantioseparation of Carvedilol using stir bar sorptive extraction-High Performance Liquid

Chromatography Maryam Taraji 1, Zahra Talebpour 1,*, Nuoshin Adib

2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

2Food and Drug Research Center, Ministry of Health, Imam Khomeini Avenue, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: ztalebpour@yahoo.com Abstract

This article presents a method employing stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), coated with film of poly (methyl methacrylate - ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate – acrylic acid), for extraction of the carvedilol, followed by derivatization of the extract with Menthyl (-)-chloroformate (MCF) as a derivatizing reagent. The resultant diastereoisomers directly injected onto the C18 reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column and analyzed with an ultraviolet (UV) detector. Two diastereoisomers peaks were resolved with suitable resolution using 0.1 M acetate buffer

(pH 3): methanol (27:73 v/v) as mobile phase. The influences of factors such as solvent polarity, extraction and desorption time, pH of sample and temperature on extraction efficiency were studied. Finally, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantification of the SBSE-Chiral derivatization-HPLC-UV method were obtained. Keywords: Stir bar sorptive extraction, Carvedilol, Enantioseparation, High Performance Liquid Chromatography P 383

Comparison of microwave-assisted

hydrodistillation and solvent free microwave extraction with conventional method in

extraction of essential oil from Mentha longifolia L

Ameneh Porgham a*, Parviz Aberoomand Azar a, Azam Ghorbani b, Mojtaba Soleimani c

a Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Department of Chemistry P.O.box:

14155/4933, Tehran, Iran b Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch,

Department of Chemistry , Tel.:+98 255 2241511, Fax: +98 255 2240111, Saveh, Iran

c Islamic azad university, Lahijan branch, faculty of science, Department of chemistry, P.O.box:1616,

Lahijan, Iran E-Mail: porgham54@gmail.com

Abstract

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) was used to isolate of essential oil from aerial parts of Mentha longifolia L. and the results compared with those obtained by conventional hydrodistillation. The essential oils extracted by MAHD and SFME for 40 min were quantitatively (yield) and qualitatively (aromatic profile) similar to those obtained by HD for 3.5h. The MAHD and SFME methods yield an essential oil with higher amounts of more valuable oxygenated compounds, and allow substantial savings of costs, in terms of time, energy and plant material .Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the extracted essential oils indicated that the use of microwave irradiation did not adversely influence the composition of the essential oils. MAHD and SFME were found to be a green technology. Keywords: Mentha longifolia L., Essential oil, SFME, MAHD P 384

Optimization of natural antioxidants extraction

from peach residuals in fruit juice industries Zainab Yosofi, Reza Tabaraki*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

E-mail: rezatabaraki@yahoo.com

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Abstract Extraction of natural antioxidants was optimized

for peach residuals in fruit juice industries. The experiments were carried out according to a three variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Ultrasound method was used as experimental method and response surface methodology (RSM) was used as optimization method. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: for total phenolic content, ethanol concentration, 70%; extraction temperature, 48°C; and extraction time, 63 min, and for Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, ethanol concentration, 65%; extraction temperature, 55°C; and extraction time, 70 min. P 385 Extraction of trace amounts of silver on various amine-functionalized nanoporous silicas in real

samples Homeira Ebrahimzadeh*, Nafiseh Shekari, Hamid

Abedi, Najmeh Tavassoli, Mostafa M. Amini, Maryam Adineh

Department of chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C 1983963113, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: nafise.shekari@yahoo.com Abstract

Aminopropyl-functionalized mesoporous silicas, NH2-MCM-41 and NH2-SBA-15, as absorbents were utilized for rapid extraction, preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of silver. Flow rates of sample and eluent, pH, eluent solution, type, concentration and the least amount of eluent for desorption of silver ions were optimized for the newly developed method; moreover, break through volume and the effect of various cationic interferences on the sorption of silver were evaluated. The extraction efficiency of silver ions was greater than 95% for MCM-41-NH2 and 85% for SBA-15-NH2 and the obtained limit of detection (LOD) was less than 4 ng mL-1 for both functionalized mesoporous silicas. The preconcentration factor was greater than 210 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method was <2%. The adsorption capacity of the mesoporous silicas was obtained more than 143 mg g-1 for NH2-MCM-41 and 137 mg gr-1 for NH2-SBA-15This method has been applied to determine silver in photographic emulsions and real samples satisfactory. Keywords: silver, amine-functionalized nanoporous silicas, MCM-41, SBA-15 P 386

Three phases hollow fiber LPME combined with

HPLC-UV for analysis of Valerenic acid in biological samples

Mohamad Mirzaei , Hossein Dinpanah Departmant of Analytical Chemistry¸Faculty of

Chemistry¸University of Kerman¸Kerman¸ I.R.Iran E-mail:m_mirzaei@mail.uk.ac.ir

Abstract

In the present work, The applicability of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction was evaluated for the extraction and preconcentration one of antidepressant drugs prior to their determination by HPLC/UV .The target drug was extracted from 5.0 mL of aqueous solution with pH 3.5 using 0.1 M of H3PO4 into an organic extracting solvent (dihexyl ether) impregnated in the pores of a hollow fiber and finally back extracted into 10 µL of aqueous solution located inside the lumen of the hollow fiber and adjusted to pH 9.5. The extraction was performed due to pH gradient between the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane. In order to obtain high extraction efficiency, the parameters affecting the HF-LPME including pH of the source and receiving phases, type of organic phase, ionic strength, volume of the source phase, stirring rate and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, enrichment factor up to 642 was achieved and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method was 4.3% (n=10).The calibration curves were obtained in the range of 7.5-850 µg L-1 with correlation cofficient (R2= 0.999) and the detection limits of 2.5 µg L-1. Finally, the proposed method was evaluated by extraction and determination of valerenic acid in some Iranian wild species of Valerianaceae. Keywords: Hollow fiber ,Valerenic acid, perconcentration,valerian P 387

Solid phase extraction of diazinon from aqueous

solution by purified carbon nanotubes M. Soleimani a*, M. Ghahraman Afshar a, N. Omidi

Moghadam b a Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini

International University, P.O. Box: 288, Qazvin, Iran

b Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University, P.O. Box: 878, Qazvin, Iran

Email: m-soleimani@hotmail.com

Abstract Solid phase extraction (SPE) is an analytical

method for the extraction and preconcentration of analytes for example: diazinon. Recently, raw and functionalized multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) generally used as a sorbent for SPE. In this work, multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were oxidized with HNO3. Their physicochemical properties were investigated by laser particle examination, Boehm’s titration, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermal analysis (TGA & DTA) and zeta potential measurement. The oxidized Carbon nanotubes were used as a sorbent for solid phase extraction of diazinon, then identification of compound was based on UV-Vis spectrum and on comparison with standards of diazinon. The effect of pH, type of buffer and flow rate for quantitative enrichment of diazinon was also

141

investigated. A detection limit of 1.07×10-2 µg/ml and a relative standard deviation 2.6% (n=3) were obtained. The MWCNT-SPE procedure showed a linear calibration curve within concentration range from 1 to 50 µg/ml for diazinon. The oxidized CNTs enabled the selective extraction of diazinon from a complex matrix. Keywords: Diazinon; Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes; Solid Phase Extraction; Oxidation; Pesticide. P 388

Separation of trace amounts of lead ions using

magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a new sorbent without chelating agent

Sayed Zia Mohammadi a, Daryoush Afzali b, Laleh Karimzadeh a

a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Kerman, Iran,

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran

E-Mail: szmohammadi@yahoo.com Abstract

The presented study investigates application of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an adsorbent for solid phase extraction and determination of trace amounts of lead from environmental water samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were easily separated from the aqueous solution by applying an external magnetic field; so, no filtration or centrifugation was necessary. After extraction and collection of MNPs, analyte ions were desorbed using 1.0 mol L−1 of HNO3. Several factors that may affect the preconcentration and extraction process, including pH, type and volume of elution solution, sample volume, salt and matrix effect were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linearity was maintained between 0.005 to 3.0 µg mL–1 for lead in the initial solution. The detection limits of this method for lead ions were 11.6 ng mL−1. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to extraction and determination of the the analyte ions in environmental and standard samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

Keywords: Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; Preconcentraction; Lead determination; Water samples

P 389

Synthesis bovine albumin molecularly imprinted polymer as a sorbent for solid phase extraction

Majid Soleimani*, Majid Ghahraman Afshar, Serveh Ghaderi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University,Qazvin, I.R. Iran

E-mail: m-soleimani@hotmail.com

Abstract Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for bovine albumin was prepared using bovine albumin as template, 2-Vinyl pyridine (2-VP) as functional monomer, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker and 2, 2’-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator by radical polymerization. The synthesized molecularly imprinted polymer was characterized on the basis of FTIR, TGA and DTA. Non -imprinted polymer (NIP) was prepared and treated with the same method, but in the absence of bovine albumin. An adsorption process for removal of bovine albumin using the fabricated MIP was evaluated under various conditions. The parameters studied for bovine albumin includes pH, flow rate, nature of eluent, ionic strength and selectivity coefficient and retention capacity. The maximum adsorption of bovine albumin by the fabricated MIP was 0.24 mg/g. The adsorption of bovine albumin by the fabricated MIP was found effective at pH 5.5. A competition test implicates that the molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) has the strongest specific retention and enrichment for bovine albumin. In the actual experiment for bovine albumin, the MISPE showed better selectivity and enrichment property than C18 and CSPE, and the recovery on the MISPE was up to 80%.

Keywords: Bovine albumin, Molecularly imprinted polymer, Solid phase extraction, Biological analysis P 390 A polypropylene-based microextraction method

coupled with HPLC for determination of fluoxetine in human plasma

Habib Bagheri*, Mahsa Gharibi, Ali Es’haghi Environmental and Bioanalytical laboratories,

Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: bagheri@sharif.edu Abstract

A microextraction technique was developed using a polypropylene sheet as extracting device for isolation of fluoxetine from plasma samples. Solvent desorption was performed in a microvial and then extractant was injected into HPLC system. The effect of various parameters including pH, extraction and desorption time, desorption solvent, extraction temperature and ionic strength were investigated. The calibration curve of analyte showed linearity in the range of 5-100 ng/mL. This procedure showed to be conveniently applicable and quite easy to manipulate as well as sufficient sensitivity and good reproducibility.

Keywords: fluoxetine, polypropylene sheet, microextraction, HPLC

P 391

Solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds released from leaves and flowers of

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Artemisia austriaca Jacq., followed by GC and GC-MS analysis

Djavanshir Djozan 1*, Samaneh Torbati 2, Ali Movafeghi 2

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R. Iran 2Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R. Iran

E-mail: djozan@tabrizu.ac.ir Abestract

The chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from the leaves and flowers of Artemisia austriaca (Asteraceae) was investigated by means of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography (GC) and/or GC mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The efficiency and reliability of different fibers such as modified pencil lead and commercial polyacrylate (PA) as well as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were evaluated, and pencil lead was selected to be the most suitable fiber for the extraction and sampling of the compounds. The extraction conditions were also optimized. The best response was obtained when the extraction temperature and extraction time for flowers were 85ºC and 30 min and for leaves were 75 ºC and 20 min. Under the optimal conditions, a number of 41 VOCs released from the leaves and flowers of A. austriaca were identified and compared. Based on obtained results the nature and level of the volatile compounds demonstrates a difference in distinct parts of plant. Some bioactive components such as camphor, 1,8-cineole, camphene, eugenol, thujone and carvacrol were the main compounds in the VOCs released from either flowers or leaves. Keywords: Artemisia austriaca; gas chromatography; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; solid-phase microextraction; volatile organic compounds P 392

Use of dispersive liquid – liquid microextraction

method for extraction, preconcentration and determination ultra trace amounts of Zinc in

water samples. Ali Mirabi *

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr Branch, Iran

E-mail: mirabi2004@yahoo.com Abstract

The dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was combined with the flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of zinc in water samples. 4-2-pyridilazo-rezosinol (PAR), chloroform and ethanol were used as chelating agent, extraction solvent and disperser solvent, respectively. In this extraction method, a mixture of 500 µL ethanol (disperser solvent) and 100 µL chloroform (extraction solvent) was rapidly injected by syringe into the water sample containing zinc

ions and 1.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 4-2-pyridilazo-rezosinol (PAR) (chelating agent). Thereby, a cloudy solution was formed. After centrifugation (6 min at 4500 rpm), these droplets were settled at the bottom of the conical test tube (75 ± 2 µL). The settled phase was separated using a micro-syringe and diluted to 100 µl with ethanol. A microsample introduction system was employed for the nebulization micro-volume of diluted solution into FAAS. Some effective parameters on extraction and complex formation, such as extraction and disperser solvent type and their volume, extraction time, salt effect, pH and concentration of the chelating agent have been optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 50 was obtained from only 5 mL of water sample. The calibration graph was linear in the rage of 5–300 µg L-1 with detection limit of 1.7 µg L-1. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for ten replicate measurements of 50 µg L-1 of zinc was 1.4 %. The method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of zinc in some natural water samples.

Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Preconcentration, zinc, Water sample, FAAS. P 393

Preconcentration of trace amounts of Cu(II) with solid phase extraction using Amberlite XAD4 and Dithizone and Determination by

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Behrooz Zargar a* , Sara Habibzare b

a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Shahid Chamran , Ahwaz,

I.R. Iran bDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry,Islamic Azad University Research and

Science Unit-Ahwaz, I.R. Iran

Abstract A simple and convenient method for the

separation and preconcentration of copper (II) ion from aqueous samples has been developed. The procedure is based on the adsorption of copper(II) ions onto a column packed with Amberlite XAD 4 using Dithizone as complex forming agent . The adsorbed copper is eluted with 2 mL of 1 M HCl and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry . The relative standard deviation for the determination of 0.5 and 2 µg mL-1 of copper (II) ions was 3.76% and 1.98%, respectively. The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of copper in some water samples. The accuracy was assessed through the recovery experiments. Keywords: Amberlite XAD 4. Copper . Preconcentration . Dithizone . Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry P 394

Determination of sufentanil and alfentanil in

urine and waste water samples using single drop

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microextraction coupled with gas chromatography flame ionization detection

Ali Reza Fakhari , Hadi Tabani, Saeed Nojavan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail address: a-zavareh@sbu.ac.ir Abstract

An immersed single drop microextraction (SDME) method coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was developed for the extraction and determination of sufentanil and alfentanil. Sufentanil and alfentanil are very potent synthetic narcotic analgesics. Because of their strong sedative properties, they have become analogues of illicit drugs such as heroin. These drugs were extracted from 1×10-4M NaOH solution (aqueous phase) into a microdrop of 1-octanol, containing impurity C of fentanil as internal standard, suspended from the tip of a microsyringe needle in 4 ml stirred sample solution for an extraction period. The microdrop was then retracted into the microsyringe and injected directly into a GC injection port.

Keywords: Single drop microextraction; Narcotic; Gas chromatography; Sufentanil; Alfentanil P 395

Determination of copper(II) in water samples using preconcentration dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction whit flame atomic absorption

spectrometry (FAAS) Naser Samadi 1, Mohammad Reza Vardast 1, Naser

Ranjkeshzadeh 2 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, P. N, University, urmia,

Iran E-mail:Samadi76@yahoo.com

Abstract

Bis-[2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde] thiourea was synthesized and preconcentration dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLM) for speciation determination of copper (II) in various environmental samples with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been developed. Copper (II) complex with bis-[2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde] thiourea is subsequently entrapped in the organic phase after complexation of copper (II) with reagent, the analyte was quantitatively extracted to the organic phase after centrifugation. The effect of pH, kind of extraction and disperser solvent and volume of them, concentration of chelating agent, temperature and time on (DLLM) was studied. Under the optimum conditions the calibration graph was liner in the range 5-2000 µg L-1. Recovery and enrichment factor for Copper (II) were obtained (95%, 75) respectively.

Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Preconcentration, Atomic absorbtion spectrometry

P 396

Investigatin of the adsorptin of methylen blue

over carbon nanotubes Mana Zojaji

Chemistry Department,Islamik Azad University,Ahvaz Science and research,Iran.

E- mail: zojaji.m26@gmail.com Abstract

The present investigatin assesses the issues with the carbon nanotube and its adsorption capacity on methylene blue.The equilibrium and kinetic data of the adsorp-tion process of methylene blue (MB) molecules onto the carbon nanotube were also s-tadied.carbon nanotube were used as adsorbent for the removal of MB from aqueous solution. In this experiment,maximum adsorption capacity of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) was determined. The effects of various experimental parameters, such as pH,initial MB concentration,adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time on the adsorption capacity of (MWCNTs),volume of baffer were investigated.The optimum conditions for adsorption of (MB) were found to be pH 5, 15ppm, 0.03 gr, 150C, 10 min,3ml, respectively. The results indicate that the Langmuir isotherm fits better than the Freundlich isotherm.The kinetic models for MB adsorption onto the carbon nanotube were studied.This indicates that the kinetic modeling of the MB adsorption well followed the pseudo-second-order rate. Keywords: Adsorption equilibrium; Methylene blue; Carbon nanotubes Reference: 1. S.Karagoz, S.Ucar. Bioresource Technology,99 (2008) 6214-6222. 2. E.Demirbas. Bioresource Technology,99(2008) 5368-5373 3.J. Ghasemi, J. S.Asadpou, Chem. Thermodynamics , 39 (2007) 967-971. P 397

Solid phase extraction/separation of cadmium

using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide as cationic surfactant

Nasser Dalali*, Marzieh Ashoori Phase separation & FIA Lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran *

Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract A simple, relatively fast and selective solid

phase extraction of cadmium for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry is developed. By passing the aqueous solutions of cadmium in

144

presence of iodide ions and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) as the cationic surfactant, through an octadecyl-bonded silica membrane disk, Cd (II) ions were quantitatively retained as ion pair, while almost all matrix elements were passed through. The retained cadmium ions were then eluted from the disk by minimal amount of 0.5 mol l-1HNO3 in ethanol and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Maximum capacity of the disk was found to be 645 ± 5 µg of cadmium. The method permitted enrichment factor of 200. A good precision (1.0 % R.S.D, n = 5), and detection limit (3Sb m

-1) 0.04 µg l-1were obtained. Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Cadmium, Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

P 398

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for

preconcentration trace amounts of bismuth prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry

determination Maryam Fayazi*a, Ali Mostafavi a, Daryoush Afzali

b

a Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

bNanochemistry Department, International Center for Science, High Technology & Environmental

Sciences, Kerman E-mail: fayazi.maryam@gmail.com

Abstract

In this work, a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure for preconcentration of bismuth using 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethyl amino) phenol (5-Br-PADAP) reagent as complexing agent was developed, where appropriate amounts of the extraction solvent and disperser solvent are directly injected into an aqueous solution containing Bi (III) ion. A cloudy mixture is formed and the Bi (III) ions are extracted in the fine droplets of the extraction solvent. After extraction, the phase separation is performed with a rapid centrifugation, and bismuth is determined in the enriched phase by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Several variable factors that influence the extraction and complex formation, such as pH, concentration of 5-Br-PADAP, centrifuging time, type and volume of the extracting and dispersing solvent were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit obtained was 3.0 µg L−1and a relative standard deviation of ±1.5% at 0.4 µg mL-1 were obtained (n = 7). The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.03-1.7 µg mL-1 of bismuth and enrichment factor was 31.7. The proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of bismuth in real and spiked samples. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid Microextraction , 5-Br-PADAP, Bismuth

P 399

Determination of total safranal from 3 different saffron (Crocus sativus L.) sources by Low-

density extraction solvent-based solvent terminated dispersive liquid–liquid

microextraction combined with HPLC-UV Ali Reza Ghiasvand 1,*, Shahriar Shadabi 1, M.

Beigi 2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Malayer University, Malayer, Iran E-mail: a_ghiasvand@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple and fast method of low-density extraction solvent-based solvent terminated dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for isolation and determination of safranal in Crocus sativus L. (3 different saffron). n-Hexanol and acetone were used as the organic and disperser phases, respectively. The effect of various experimental parameters on the extraction was investigated using two optimization methods. First, the significant factors were optimized using a one variable at a time. The variables of interest, such as the volumes of extraction and disperser solvents and pH in the DLLME process, were optimized using a central composite (response surface) design. Replicated experiments in the optimal conditions (i.e. 0.8 mL acetone, 140 µL n-hexanol and pH: 4.9) for the extraction of 4.0 mL of 1 µg mL-1 safranal sample solution resulted in an extraction recovery of 92.0% with a relative standard deviation of 4.3% (n=6). Enrichment factor was found to be 47. The calibration curve was linear over a range of 0.5 to 100 µg mL-1 safranal, with a R2 of 0.998. The detection limit of the method for 3σ was calculated to be 0.05 µg mL-1 safranal. Keywords: Solid-phase microextraction, Safranal, Crocus sativus L., Low-density extraction solvent-based solvent terminated DLLME, HPLC P 400

Determination of thymol in a herbal ointment by Gas Chromatography using SPE for extraction Amini M. 1, Abdi K. 1, Dayeni M. 2, Naseri M. 3,

Kamalinejad M. 4 1Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research Center, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2Dept. of Pharmacology & traditional Iranian Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. 4

Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical

Sciences, Tehran, IRAN

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Abstract Marham ointment is a new formulation of drug

that is used to treatment of osteoarthritis with a base formulation of animal fat and paraffin. The active compounds of the formulation are essential oil extracted from Mentha piperitha, Thymus vulgaris and…one of the active compounds was thymol. A practical Gas chromatography method has been developed for the determination and quantification of thymol in this herbal ointment, using a flame ionization detector. Anethole was used as an internal standard. In this method, we used SPE for separation of thymol from the other ingredients before analyzing with GC. In our experiment, good linearity (R2> 0.9995) and (CV<6%) were achieved. The method features a good sensitivity, detection limit, high accuracy, precision and recovery for thymol determination. This method could be successfully applied for quality control of herbal ointments base on amount of thymol in them. Keywords: Thymol, GC, SPE, Thymus vulgaris

P 401

Sodium dodecyl sulfate coated alumina modified

with a new Schiff base as a highly uranyl ion selective sorbent

J. Tashkhourian a*, L. Moradi Abdoluosofi a, M. Pakniat a, M. Montazerozohori b

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

Abstract

In the present study, a highly selective method was used for the preconcentration and determination of uranium (VI) by solid-phase extraction (SPE). For this purpose, a column of alumina modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and a new Schiff's base ligand was prepared for the preconcentration of trace uranyl (VI) from water samples. The uranium (VI) was completely eluted with 5ml (2×2.5) of HCl 2M and determined by a spectrophotometeric method with Arsenazo III. The preconcentration steps was studied with regard to experimental parameters such as amount of extractant, type , volume and concentration of eluent, pH, flow rates of sample source and tolerance limit of diverse ions on the recovery of uranyl ion. By the proposed method a preconcentration factor more than 200 was achieved. The average recovery of uranium (VI) was 99.5%. The relative standard deviation was 1.1% for ten replicate determinations of uranyl (VI) ion in a solution with a concentration of 5 µg ml−1.The proposed method was successfully used for the determination of spiked uranium in ground water and Persian Gulf water samples. Keywords: Uranyl, Schiff's Base, Solid phase extraction

P 402

Acetone extract propolis as a novel membrane and its application in phenol biosensor F. Kheiri 1, R.E. Sabzi 1* E. Jannat doust 2

1) Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2) Facu l ty o f Chemica l Engra in ing, Urmia Univers i ty o f Technology,Urmia,

I ran Abstract

A novel biosensor for phenols was constructed by immobilizing polyphenol oxidase (PPO) into acetone extract propolis composite matrix modified with gold nanoparticle (GNP) attachment multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) at gold surface electrode. The effects of the common experimental variables were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, this method could be successfully used for the amperometric determination of catechol in a concentration range of 1×10-6 M to 7×10−5 M, with a detection limit of 8×10−7 M (S/N=3). The best response is obtained at pH 5. All subsequent experiments were performed at pH= 5. The biosensor also exhibited good selectivity, stability and reproducibility. Keywords: Propolis, Determination of catechol, Biosensor P 403

Liquid phase microextraction and trace

determination of cadmium by atomic absorbtion spectrometry in water solution

Mahboubeh Masrournia 1, Hossein Nasseri 1,Zarrin Eshaghe 2,

1Department of chemistry, Faculty of science, Islamic azad university Mashhad Branch,

Mashhad, Iran. 2Department of chemistry, Payame Nour, university

of Mashhad. E-Mail: Hossein.nasseri.3631@gmail.com

Abstract A simple, low cost and sensitive method based

on solvent microextraction (SME) for separation pre-concentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was proposed for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium in water samples. The analytical procedure involved the formation of a complex by mixing the analyte solution with 1, 10 phenantrolin and being absorbed into drop of nitrobenzene contains chelating agent, dithizon. In suitable conditions, the complex of cadmium- dithizon formed in micro organic phase, and thus, separation of the analyte from the matrix was achieved. Under optimal chemical and instrumental conditions, a detection limit (3σ) of 10 ng L-1 and an enrichment factor of 57 were achieved. The relative standard deviation for the method was found to be 2.2% for Cd. The

146

developed method has been applied to the determination of trace Cd in water samples. Keywords: dithizon;1,10-phenantrolin; solvent microextraction; cadmium; flame atomic; absorption spectrometry

P 404

Pyridine-functionalized mesoporous silica as

selective sorbent for extraction of trace amount of Cr(VI) in wastewater samples

Ali Akbar Asgharinezhad, Homeyra Ebrahimzadeh*, Hamid Abedi, Najmeh Tavassoli, Omid Sadeghi, Mostafa Mohammadpour Amini

Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran

Email: aasgharin@gmail.com Abstract

A modified SBA-15 mesoporous silica was developed, as an adsorbent, for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from natural-water samples. The effects of experimental parameters, including pH of solution, sample and elution flow rate, eluent type, concentration and volume of eluent, and the effect of coexisting ions on the separation and determination of Cr(VI), were investigated. The pH was found to be critical for the separation of Cr(VI) from Cr(III) ions, as it was shown that Cr(VI) was selectively adsorbed from aqueous solution at pH 3. Conversely, Cr(III) could be adsorbed from solution at alkaline pH. The retained Cr(VI) was subsequently eluted with 0.5 mol L−1 KCl solution in 0.1 mol L−1 Na2CO3. Under the optimum conditions, the modified mesoporous silica (py-SBA-15) with a high pore diameter exhibited an adsorption capacity of 136 mg g-1 and a lower limit of detection of 2.3 µg L-1 for the extraction of Cr(VI) ions. A preconcentration factor as high as 200 was calculated for Cr(VI). The loaded py-SBA-15 can be regenerated for recovery of more than 98.5% over at least eight cycles. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for Cr ion recovery was less than 1.2% in these experiments. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Cr(VI) in natural-water samples with successful results. Keywords: pyridine-functionalized mesoporous silica; py-SBA-15; separation and preconcentration

; Cr(VI) P 405

Determination of essential oils and mineral

contents of Pulicaria Undulata (L.) C. A. Mey Messam Noroozifar*1, Jafar Valizadeh 2, Mozhgan

Khorasani-Motlagh 1, Mehdi Ravandeh 1 1Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan P.O. Box 98155-147, Iran, 2Department of Biology, University of Sistan &

Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran,

Abstract In this study, essential oils and macro nutrients

(i.e., Ca, K, Mg ) and micro nutrients (major and trace elements) (i.e., Fe ,Cu, Na, Mn ) as well as phosphorus of aerial parts of Pulicaria Undulata (L.) C. A. Mey were estimated. The extraction of chemical constituents of essential oil of aerial parts is accomplished by hydrodistillation using a clevenger-type apparatus and then were analyzed by GC/MS technique. Two methods sample preparation, dry ashing and microwave digestion were used for mineralization of this plant. Atomic absorption and UV-vis spectrophotometry have been used to quantify metal levels and phosphorus quantity, respectively. Alpha pinene, alpha terpinene, 1, 8 cineol, gama terpinene, alpha terpinolene, cis-sabinene hydrate, myrtenol, geraniol, 1S-cis-calamenene were the main compounds in the oil. The order of metals concentration in this plant has been found to be as: Ca, K more than one percent and trace metals Mn , Cr, Cu and Na less than one percent.

P 406

Determination of Chromium(III,VI) in human blood samples based on hematocrit (HCT)and ionic liquid-liquid microextraction(IL-LME) by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

H. Shirkhanloo *1 A. Rouhollahi 2 H.Z.Mousavi 3 R.Moradkhani 4

*1,2,4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran,Iran

3Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

E-mail: Hamidshirkhanloo@yahoo.cam

Abstract A new preconcentration and separation methods

based on hematocrit of whole blood (HCT) and liquid-liquid microextraction with 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (RTILs) has been applied for determination trace level of Chromium (III,VI) in human samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). Ionic liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-LME) is a fertile technique of sample preparation as it provides better results than convertional solvent extraction (CSE). In this method, 0.12 g of [C8MIM][PF6] was also, added rapidly into the blood sample containing Cr+3 cations which were complexed by diethylammonium diethyl dithiocarbamate [Cr–DDDC]. After shaking and centrifuging, Cr+3 was back-extracted from the ionic liquid phase with 0.2 ml of 1 mol L−1 nitric acid, then determined by ET-AAS at 357.9nm. Cr +6 was simply determined in red blood cells by measuring Cr+3, percentage of hematocrit (%HCT) and IL-LME of blood sample. Under optimum conditions, preconcentration factor of 30 was achieved with 6 ml of sample in PH 5.5. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.02 µgL-1 for 6ml samples. The calibration graph was linear from concentration

147

levels near the detection limits up to at least 0.06 - 0.5 µg L−1 for 20µl injection. A correlation coefficient of 0.9996 was achieved. Validation of the methodology was performed by increasing quantities of Chromium and certified reference serum (CRS). Keywords: Chromium(III,VI), Preconcentration, Hematocrit of human blood, Ionicliquid-liquid microextraction, Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrom

P 407

GC and GC/MS Analysis of Artemisia

tournefortiana Essential oil Masoud Kazemi*1, Sharareh Akhavani 2,

Mohammad dakhili 1 and Mohammad Reza Allahgholi Ghasri 2

1Department of Applied Chemistry and Faculty of medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.

O. Box 37185/364, Qom, Iran Email: smkazemit@yahoo.com

2Department of Applied Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Shahr-e-Rey, Iran

Abstract

The hydro-distillation of the aerial parts of Artemisia tournefortiana has been analyzed by a combination of GC and GC/MS in early flowering stage. The main components of Artemisia tournefortiana were (Z)-nerolidol (22.4%), beta-caryophyllene (15.6%) and santolina triene (10.1%). Keywords: Artemisia tournefortiana, GC and GC/MS analysis, Essential oil, (Z)-nerolidol, Beta-caryophyllene, Santolina triene P 408

Solid phase extraction and determination of trace amounts of Cu (II) using pyridine-functionalized

SBA-15 and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Shahla Mozaffari*1, Homira Ebrahimzadeh 2, Marya Tavassoli 1, Halleh Tavakoli 2

1Department of chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran

2Department of chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: Mozaffari2007@yahoo.com Abstract

A novel, simple and selective method for rapid extraction and determination of trace amounts of copper (II) ion using pyridine-functionalized SBA-15 and flame atomic absorption spectrometry is presented. Various parameters including pH of aqueous solution, flow rates of eluent, the amount of ligand, type and least amount of stripping solvent were optimized. The effects of various interferences on the percent recovery of copper in different water samples and a synthetic sample were studied. Quantitative recovery of copper ions was observed

at pH=8.5 and eluting solution was 10 mlit of HNO3 3.0 mol/lit. The limit of detection (LOD) based on three times the standard deviation of blank was 4.6 ng/lit. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D) was below 4%. This method was applied to a number of natural sample and by spiking known concentration of copper into the solution, the amount of copper was determined.

Keywords: Solid Phase Extraction, pyridine-functionalized SBA-15, Flame atomic, absorption spectrometry, copper (II) P 409 Application of ultrasound-assisted emulsification

microextraction method followed by gas chromatography analysis for determination of

OPPs in water samples Yaser Abdollazadeh a, Yadollah Yamini*b, Ali

Jabbari a, Mohammad Rezaee b aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract In the present study a fast, simple and efficient

method for determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in water samples was developed by using ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) based on applying low density organic solvents. Fourteen microliters of toluene was injected slowly into a 12 mL home-designed centrifuge glass vial containing an aqueous sample that was located inside the ultrasonic water bath. The formed emulsion was centrifuged and 2 µL of separated toluene (about 4 µL) was injected into a gas chromatographic system equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) for analysis. Under the optimum conditions, preconcentration factors (PFs) of 1565 and 1389 were obtained for diazinon and chlorpyrifos respectively. The method performance was studied in terms of linear dynamic range (LDRs from 0.01 µg L-1 up to 100 µg L-1), linearity (R2 ≥ 0.992), precision (repeatability ≤ 8.7%), and extraction percents (52.2 and 46.3%). Also, limits of detections (LODs) of 0.01 µg L-1 and 0.1 were obtained for diazinon and chlorpyrifos respectively. The applicability of the (USAEME) method was evaluated by the extraction and determination of OPPs from some natural water samples. Keywords: Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction; Low density organic solvents, Organophosphorus pesticides; Natural water samples. P 410

Cloud point extraction and preconcentration of

trace amounts of Cu(II) ion as a dithizone

148

complex prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

Nasser dalali*, Saeed mohammadnejad, Mahdi Hosseini

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) was used as a complexing agent in cloud point extraction for the first time and applied for selective preconcentration of trace amounts of copper ion. The analyte in the initial aqueous solution was acidified with hydrocholoric acid (pH < 1) and Triton X-114 was added as a surfactant. After phase separation, based on the cloud point separation of the mixture, the surfactant rich phase was diluted with mixture ethanol/water and the analyte determined in the enriched solution by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. After optimization of the complexation and extraction conditions, a enrichement factor of 15.92 was obtained. The limit of detection was 0.005 ng mL−1. The proposed method was applied to the determination of cu(II) ion in water samples. Keywords: Cloud point extraction, dithizone, Copper P 411

Determination and preconcentration of copper ion with 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol immobilized

on surfactant-coated alumina Korush Dastanra, *Mahdi Hosseini, Saeed

Mohammadnejad, Farideh Tofighi Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran *Email: Email: mhosseini649@yahoo.com

Abstract

The present paper describes a procedure for separation, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of copper in natural water samples by using 2-mercaptobenzimidazol as the complexing agent. The proposed method is based on the surfactant aggregation formed on γ-alumina by mixing sodium dodecyl sulfate and γ-alumina in water; 2-mercaptobenzimidazol was incorporated into inner hydrophobic part of produced ad-micelles in acidic media to produce an assemble suitable for preconcentration and determination of copper ion. Optimum experimental conditions for adsorption of µg/ml levels of copper ions from aqueous solution by the adsorbent have been reported. The copper ions were quantitively adsorbed by the sorbent over the pH range of 7.0-8.0 and were quantitatively desorbed afterward by using nitric acid as the eluent. The determination of copper was not interfered in the presence of common metal ions. The procedure was applied for analysis of river

water sample. Relative standard deviation was found to be 3.56% Keywords: Copper, surfactant coated-alumina, 2-Mercaptobenzimidazol P 412

Analysis of the volatile compounds in Stachys

lavandulifolia vahl. using improved HS-SPME-GC-MS and comparison with conventional

methods Mojtaba Soleimani a*, Parviz Aberoomand Azar b,

Ameneh Porgham b, Azam ghorbani c a* Islamic azad university, lahijan branch, faculty of science, Department of chemistry, P.O.box :1616,

lahijan, Iran b Islamic Azad University, Science and Research

Branch, Department of Chemistry P.O.box 14155/4933, Tehran, Iran

c Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Department of Chemistry , Tel.:+98 255 2241511,

Fax: +98 255 2240111,Saveh, Iran E-mail: soleimani54@gmail.com

Abstract

In this study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) following microwave distillation and solid-phase microextraction (MD–SPME) was developed for the analysis of essential oil compounds in Stachys lavandulifolia. In improved headspace method, microwave powers; irradiation times and SPME fibers coating were studied. The optimal experiment parameters obtained were: 65µm PDMS/DVB SPME fiber, a microwave power of 400 W and an irradiation time of 3 min. MD–SPME was compared with headspace SPME (HS-SPME) and conventional hydrodistillation (HD) for the extraction of essential oil compounds in S. lavandulifolia. A comparative qualitative and quantitative study on the composition of the oils was carried out. 30 compounds, constituting 96.5% of the oil, were identified in the essential oil obtained by MD–SPME, and 28 compounds, representing 96.6% of the oil, were characterized in the SPME method and in HD method, 30 compounds, constituting 93.9% of the oil, separated and identified. The main compounds were β-ocimene, γ-cadinene, mirecene, α-pinene and β-pinene in all methods. Keywords: Essential oil, SPME, Microwave, Stachys lavandulifolia P 413

Optimization of dispersive liquid-liquid

microextraction followed by flame atomic absorption determination of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) based on the complexation reaction with

phenathrene-9,10-dine dioxime (PD) Naser Samadi, Amir Chehrehgani*, Mohammad

Reza Vardast

149

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University Urmia, Iran Email: Samadi76@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this study, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method was used for preconcentration of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Co (II) cations from water samples. Oxime (phenathrene-9, 10-dine dioxime (PD)) was used as a chelating agent prior to extraction. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry using an acetylene-air flame was used for quantitation of the analytes after preconcentration. The effects of various experimental parameters in extraction were investigated using two optimization methods, one variable at a time and central composite design. The experimental design was done at five levels of operating parameters. Under of optimum conditions the calibration graphs were linear in the range of (10-2000µg L-1 ) with detection limits of 5 µg L-1 for Cu(II) and Ni(II) (10-1000 µgL -1) and 0.5 µg L -1 for both Co(II). Recoveries and enrichment factors for Copper, Cobalt and Nickel were obtained (77.6%, 26.99), (76.53%, 29.95) and (74.23%, 29), respectively. P 414 Highly sensitive and selective preconcentration of Mo(VI) using suspended drop three-phase liquid

phase microextraction method followed by spectrophotometric determination

Leila Asadkerchi*, Ali Reza Ghiasvand, Shahriar Shadabi, Payman Hashemi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, IRAN

E-mail: leilaasadkerchi@gmail.com

Abstract Suspended drop three phase liquid phase micro

extraction (SDTPLPME) with directly suspended droplet technique coupled with spectrophotometric determination has been successfully developed for the simple, selective and sensitive separation and preconcentraction of ultra trace molybdenum .The Mo(VI) was extracted from 4.5 mL aqueous solution (donor solution) into an organic phase (400 µL 1-octanol containing %0.4 w/v of α-benzoinoxime) layered on the surface of the donor solution and finally back-extracted into directly suspended droplet of an acidic aqueous solution (acceptor phase, 5 µL of HNO3 1.5 M ). In this method, without using a micro-syringe as supporting device, an aqueous micro droplet is freely suspended at the top-center position of an immiscible organic solvent .Then the droplet was withdrawn into a micro-syringe and was directly determined with UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 462 nm using a cocktail solution, as chromogenic regent. The limit of detection was 0.02 µg/mL (n=5) and the relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) was found to be 3.6%. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.1-40 µg/mL (r=0.991).

The proposed method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of Mo(VI) in Lucerne samples. The result showed good agreement compared to standard official method. Keywords: Molybdenum, Suspended drop three-phase LPME, Spectrophotometric determination P 415

Synthesis and evaluation of a molecularly

imprinted polymer for pre-concentration of patulin from apple juice

Afshin Rajabi Khorrami*, Masoomeh Taherkhani Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran Email: a-khorrami@kiau.ac.ir

Abstract

A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has been prepared using oxindole as template. The polymer was synthesized in a non-covalent approach using methacrylic acid as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linking monomer via a free radical polymerization. The imprinted polymer was further applied for selective solid phase extraction (SPE) of patulin (PAT) mycotoxin from apple juice. It was confirmed that the binding ability of the prepared MIP for PAT was essentially sufficient in the presence of other compounds coexisting in sample. Keywords: Patulin, Molecularly imprinted polymer, Apple juice P 416

A novel dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

using of low density organic solvent for determination of synthetic antioxidant in liquid

foods Pourya Biparva, Mahjobeh Ehsani, Mohammad

Reza Hadjmohammadi* Department of Chemistry, University of

Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran E-mail: Hadjmr@umz.ac.ir

Abstract

A rapid and sensitive method for determination of two synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), in liquid food samples was developed by using new generation of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography. This technique combines extraction and concentration of the analytes into one step, and low density organic solvent was used instead of a chlorinated solvent as the extraction solvent. The key factors, including the kind and volume of extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, temperature, salt effect and pH, which probably affect the extraction efficiencies were examined and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, linearity of the method was observed in the range of 0.05–

150

25.0 µg mL−1 for BHA and 0.01–25.0 µg mL−1 for BHT, respectively, with determination coefficients > 0.9989. The applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by analyzing BHA and BHT in different fruit juices.

Keywords: Synthetic antioxidants, Low density organic solvent, Fruit juice P 417

An effective and rugged HPLC method for analysis of a group of biotechnological anti-

cancer DNA-based drugs Mahdiyeh mohammadnejad 1 , Mehran shojaei 1,

Gholamreza Sheykhnejad 2 , Mohsen Hamedani 2, Atyeh Rahimi 1, Ladan Pourabdi 1, Armin arabanian

1, Saeed Nojavan 3 and Fatemeh momen kiaei 1

1 Department of Quality Control and 2Department of Biological Science, Tofigh Daru Reserch and

Enginearing Center, P.O. Box 19395.4978, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box 19395.4978,

Tehran, Iran. Abstract

In this work an effective and rugged HPLC method for analysis of a group of biotechnological anti-cancer DNA-based drugs was developed. Effective parameters including different stationary (noneendcapped silica based C18 , endcapped silica base C18 and polymer based C18) and mobile phases, column temperature and pH of the mobile phase were optimized. As optimized condition, the PRP-1 C18 based on rugged Polystyrene- Divinylbenzene column, pH of 10, temperature of 50°C and gradient system consist of ammonia solution / Acetonitril as effective mobile phase were selected. Temperature of the column was the critical point and results showed that the temperature of 50°C is the best and oligonucleotides retention times and their resolutions are very satisfied. There are three different areas in each chromatogram due to presence of nucleobase monomers, deprotected oligonucleotides (DMT-off) and protected oligonucleotides (DMT-on) depending on the extent of reaction. Analysis of these three groups was done simultaneously at less than 90 mintes which is important for the in-proccess control and monitoring of this sort of synthesis. The reproducibility of resolutions and retention times of compounds were acceptable. P 418

Modified Triton-X100 coated Poly Vinyl Chloride for solid phase extraction and

determination of trace amount of some metal ions in some food samples

Abdolmohammad ghasemi, Mohsen Keshavarzi, Ebrahim Niknam

Islamic Azad university of gachsaran branch E-mail:a.ghasemei@yahoo.com

Abstract A new and efficient solid phase extraction

method is described for the preconcentration of trace heavy metal ions. The method is based on the adsorption of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on 2-(3-indolyl)4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol (IDPI), loaded on Triton-X100 coated PVC. The influences of the analytical parameters including pH and sample volume were investigated. Common coexisting ions did not interfere on the separation and determination. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 95% with a low RSD. The method has been successfully applied to some real samples. Keywords:SurfactantcoatedPVC; 2-(3-indolyl)4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol (IDPI),Trace metal; Atomic absorption spectrometry; Solid phase extraction. P 419

Rapid determination of codeine in aqueous

samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by spectrophotometric

determination S.A.M. Fathi a,* and L. Jafari b

aPhase Equilibria Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Zanjan University, P.O. Box 45195-313 Zanjan, Iran

bFaculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This study presents a simple and powerful technique for pre-concentration and determination of codeine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method. This is based on the formation of codeine-bromothymol blue colored ion pair complex, followed by spectrophotometric determination. The effect of some parameters such as extraction and disperser solvent type and their volume, extraction time, ionic strength, pH and amount of the chelating agent were investigated and optimized. Bromothymol blue, chloroform and acetonitrile were used as chelating agent, extraction solvent and disperser solvent, respectively. Under the optimized conditions the calibration graph was linear in two ranges 0.2–2 and 2.5–5 µg mL-1 with a detection limit of 0.03 µg mL-1. The relative standard deviation for eight replicate measurements of 1 and 0.5 µg mL-1 of codeine were 2.8 and 3.2%, respectively. The applicability of this method was investigated for the analysis of codeine in acetaminophen tablets. Keywords: Codeine, Bromothymol blue, Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. P 420

Preparation of a Stationary phase for

Measurement of Hemoglobin A1c by Cation-Exchange Chromatography

151

Maryam Nickhoo (1), Habibollah Baharvand (2) and Homayon Ahmad Panahi (1)

1. Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Email: maryam.nic@gmail.com Iran.,

2. Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box: 14965/115.

Abstract

The hemoglobin glycosylate (Hb A1c ) fraction was identified as the diabetic hemoglobin. Ion exchange chromatography (IEX) is used extensively in the definition of the glycosylated fractions. Using the suspension polymerization technique, a stationary phase based on copolymer of butyl acrylate, ethylene glycol dimetacrylate, and acrylic acid was synthesized. FTIR confirmed the presence of the carboxylic acid groups in the synthesised polymeric phase. To study the morphology of synthesized particles, SEM was used. The SEM micrographs indicated that the polymeric particles are macro porous and have irregular shape. In addition the particles have the moderate size (40-100 micrometer) for low pressure Ion-exchange chromatography. Keywords: HbA1c , Ion exchange chromatography ,Polymeric stationary phase P 421

Determination of three water-soluble vitamins

using an aqueous two-phase system of poly(ethylene glycol) / (NH4)2SO4

Z. Mohammadi, A. Daneshfar*, H. Kaviyan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam, 69315516, Iran. Tel: +98-841-2227022; fax: +98-841-2227022.

Email: adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir ; daneshfara@yahoo.com

Abstrct

In this study, a simple polymer/salt aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) coupled with HPLC-UV was used for the determination of riboflavin (vitamin B2), n icotinic acid (vitamin B3) and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12). The influences of parameters including poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (molecular weight and concentration), types and concentration of salts, pH and volume of PEG rich-phase on vitamins partitioning were studied. P 422

Stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with solvent de-sorption and GC-FID for the analysis of long

chain fatty acids in wastewater samples Vahideh Abdollahi*1, Ramin Maleki 2 , Khalil

Farhadi 1 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia

University, Urmia, Iran 2Research Department of Chromatography, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research

(ACECR), Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran

1 E-mail: khalil.farhadi@yahoo.com Corresponding author, Fax: 441-3450755

Abstract

A simple and highly sensitive method called stir bar sorptive extraction and solvent desorption-gas chromatography–flame ionization detector, which is used for the determination of trace amounts of fatty acids in various samples, is described. The lipid residue in waste water samples (5 mL) was saponified with KOH (5%W/V) under sonication for 5 min. at 60 oC , followed by methylation using H2SO4/MeOH solution (1:4; v/v) and sonicated at 60 oC for 10 min. The mixture was cooled and a stir bar coated with poly vinyl chloride (PVC) is added to a 50 mL aqueous sample and stirring is carried out for 10 min at 50◦C in a volumetric flask. Then, the analytes were desorped from the stir bar using 200 µL acetonitrile under sonication and were determined by GC-FID. The influences of coating composition and stir bar sorptive extraction conditions (extraction temperature, extraction time, and ionic strength of the sample matrix) were investigated. Also, the effect of sonication temperature and time for desorption of analytes from stir bar were studied. The recovery values were from 94.8 to 104.6 %. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) for all analytes were below 7.2 %. P 423

Extraction and determination of Zn (II) in wastewaters by new combinational solid/

Liquid microextraction technique; Functionalized MWCNTs in hollow fiber and

flame atomic absorption spectroscopy Z. Es’haghi, A. Sayfi , A.A.Tanha

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Payame Noor University, Mashhad, Iran,

Email: zarrin_eshaghi@yahoo.com Abstract

A new design of equilibrium hollow fiber solid- liquid phase microextraction (HF-SLPME) was developed for the determination of Zn (II) in environmental water samples. Membrane extraction with sorbent interface which we used in this research is a two -phase supported liquid membrane consisting of aqueous (donor phase), organic solvent/nano sorbent membrane (acceptor phase). System operated in direct immersion sampling modes. Where the multiwalled carbon nanotube dispersed in the organic solvent is held in the pores of a porous membrane supported by capillary forces and sonification. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity, Repeatability, low limits of detection and very excellent enrichment factor (EF= 800). P 424

PARAFAC2 as a Mathematical

Chromatographic Tool for Comprehensive

152

Analysis of Three-way GC-MS Data of Citrus Fruits

Mehdi Jalali-Heravi*a, Hadi Parastar a,b, Hassan Sereshti c

aDepartment of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

b National Elite Foundation, Tehran, Iran cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Email: parastar@mehr.sharif.edu

Abstract

PARAllel FACtor analysis 2 (PARAFAC2) was proposed as a potent method for handling the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data of twenty-four citrus fruit samples. Since a mass spectrum can be obtained at each elution time during the chromatographic separation, GC-MS data of different samples can be considered as a three-way data structure. PARAFAC2 is a mathematical chromatographic tool capable of handling three-way data and, unlike the PARAFAC model, does not assume that the elution profiles of each sample are invariant across samples. To improve the chromatographic data analysis, PARAFAC2 modeling was applied on the selected areas of the GC profiles. Using this strategy, not only the problems arising from GC-MS analysis such as co-elution (overlapped and embedded peaks), baseline drifts, spectral background, non-Gaussian peaks and elution time shifts are overcome, but also new analytes using resolved mass spectra were detected. In addition, the aroma profiles of the main resolved components can be used for classification of 24 samples using the PARAFAC2 score values on the sample mode. Using this strategy, the samples were classified into three classes. As a positive consequence of using the proposed method, human time and work can be saved. Keywords: Parallel factor analysis, Mathematical chromatography, Citrus fruit, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. P 425

Quantification of fatty acids in pistacia nuts using matrix solid phase dispersion

S. Kiyan mehr, A. Daneshfar*, R. Sahrae Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam, 69315516, Iran. Tel: +98-841-2227022; fax: +98-841-2227022.

E-mail: adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir ; daneshfara@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple, low cost, and selective matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure is proposed for the determination of several fatty acids in pistacia nut samples using (GC-FID). Under optimized experimental conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the concentration range of 3-35 mg kg-1, 3-35 mg kg-1, and 10-50 mg kg-1 for oleic, palmitic, and stearic methyl esters, respectively, with r2=

0.993. The LODs and LOQs ranged from 1.1 to 3.1 mg kg-1 and 3.7 to 10.4 mg kg-1. The relative recoveries ranged from 60.0 to 95.0 %, with relative standard deviations varying from 3.0 to 11.0%. P 426

Analysis of pregabalin in pharmaceutical

formulations by HPLC method E. Vessally a, M. Rezaei b and F. Hokmabadi c

a Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, Miyaneh, Iran

b Payam Noor University (PNU), Zanjan, Iran c Faculty of Chemistry, Sabzevar University, Tarbiat

Moallem Branch, Sabzevar, Iran

Abstract A selective and sensitive liquid chromatographic

method was developed for the determination of Pregabalin in the pharmaceutical dosage forms. The assay involved an isocratic elution through Haypersil BDS C8 column (5 µm, 4.6 mm × 250 mm) by using a mobile phase included of a buffer (pH: 6.9 ± 0.05, potassium dihydrogen phosphate) and acetonitril (94 : 6 v/v). The flow rate was 1 ml / min and the analyte was monitored at wavelength of 210 nm. The assay method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 2400 to 7500 µg / ml. All the parameters of validation were in the acceptance range. This developed method was successfully applied to estimate the amount of Pregabalin in the capsules. This proposed method was sensitive, accurate, repeatable and useful for the routine determination of Pregabalin in the capsules. Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Pregabalin, Pharmaceutical Dosage, Validation P 427

Spectrophotometric determination of nitrite and

nitrate in water samples using 8-hydroxyquinoline as a coupling reagent

in azo-dye formation Habibollah Eskandari*†, Simin Isazadeh††

†: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran ††: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University (PNU), Ardabil Branch, Iran E-mail: simin.isazadeh@gmail.com

Abstract

A new sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of nitrite is presented. It relies on the reaction of nitrite with sulfamethazine in acidic medium to form a diazonium ion, which is coupled with 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine) in basic condition to form an azo-dye. Absorbances were measured at 507 nm (λmax of the dye produced). Calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.05-2.50 µg ml-1. Limit of detection for the nitrite determination

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method was 4 ng ml-1. The relative standard deviation and recovery percents for 0.60 µg ml-1 nitrite were 0.2% and 103.3%, respectively. The proposed method method was used for determination of nitrite in various water matrices. Nitrate was also determined using a pre-reducing stage by a cadmium column. Efficieny of the prepared Cd column was evaluated and then the column was successfully applied for reducing and then determination of nitrate in various water samples by the proposed nitrite-sulfamethazine-oxine reaction.

Keywords: Nitrite, Sulfamethazine, Oxine, Spectrophotometric determination

P 428

Spectrophotometric determination of catechol based on complexation of Fe2+ with N, N'-(bis

(pyridine-2-yl) benzylidene) ethane-1, 2-diamine Habibollah Eskandari*†, Abolfazl Bezaatpour†,

Simin Isazadeh††

†: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran ††: Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University (PNU), Ardabil Branch, Iran E-mail: simin.isazadeh@gmail.com

Abstract

Complexation of Fe2+ with N, N'-(bis (pyridine-2-yl) benzylidene) ethane-1, 2-diamine (reagent) was used for spectrophotometric determination of catechol. Reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) was performed by catechol, and then the produced Fe(II) formed complex with N, N'-(bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine, which was monitored at 592 nm (the λmax of the produced complex). Affecting parameters of the spectrophotometric method were optimized. Under optimum condition of pH (8.95) and the other parameters, the working range for catechol was 0.1-2.0 µg ml-1 with a relative standard deviation of 0.8% with recovery of 100.8% for 0.80 µg ml-1 catechol. Foreign species such as some amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, some phenolic compounds and some metal and non-metal ions were added and analysis was performed that showed satisfactory selectivity for the proposed method. The contents of catechol in some water matrices and samples were analyzed to demonstrate the analytical capability of the developed method. Keywords: Catechol, Indirect spectrophotometric determination, Fe(II)

P 429

Flow injection–spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of palladium and

cobalt using α-benzilmonoxime in micellar media Habibollah Eskandari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran. E-mail: heskandari@uma.ac.ir

Abstract

A flow injection spectrophotometric procedure has been applied for the simultaneous determination of palladium and cobalt using α-benzilmonoxime as a chromogenic reagent in triton x-100 micellar media at 442 nm. Beer΄s law was obeyed in the range of 0.18-2.50 µg of palladium and in the range of 0.10-1.80 µg of cobalt with a 100 µl injection loop. Sampling frequency of the method was about 27 injection h-1. The method showed ability to determine cobalt to palladium ratio 1:10 to 6:1 (Wt/Wt), accurately. The effects of diverse ions on the determination of cobalt and palladium to investigate selectivity of the method were studied. The recommended procedure with high selectivity was applied to real water matrices and synthetic sample solutions.

Keywords: Palladium, Cobalt, Flow injection, α-Benzilmonoxime, Spectrophotometry P 430

Development of a sensitive and selective bulk optode for determination of Ag(I) based on a

newly synthesized ionophore and chromoionophoreV

Z. Hajiani a, A. R. Firooz *a, H. Sharghi b a Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran E-mail: a.firooz@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

An optical sensor is introduced for the determination of silver ions. The sensor is based on the interaction of Ag(I) with newly synthesized 1,15-diaza-3,4,1,13-dibenzo-5,11-dithia-8-oxa-1,15-(2,6-pyrido)cycloocta-decane-2,14-dione as ionophore in plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane incorporating chromoionophoreV as proton-selective indicator and sodium tetraphen- ylborate(NaTPB) as lipophilic anionic sites. The membranes were cast onto glass substrates and used for the determination of silver ions in aqueous solutions. The PVC membrane composition plus the other experimental variables being optimized, the detection limit is 7×10⁻⁹ M Ag(I) , wi- th a widely linear range 1×10⁻⁸ to 1×10⁻³ M and a response time <45s. The sensor can be easily and completely regenerated by dilute nitric acid solution. Keywords: Bulk optode, ChromoionophoreV, 1,15-diaza-3,4,12,13-dibenzo-5,11-dithia-8-oxa-1,15- (2,6-pyrido) cyclooctadecane-2,14-dione, Silver (I)

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P 431

Design and charactristics of an optical sensor for a wide range pH values

using agarose and photographic film membranes as support

Elaheh Khazaeli, Kamal Alizadeh, Hadi Nemati 1Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University,

Falakolaflak St., Khorramabad, 6813717133, Iran Abstract

A new optical pH sensor for a wide rang pH was accordingly fabricated by chemical immobilization of a pentahydroxy flavone derivative through epoxy activation of agarose membrane and photographic film. For preparation of the sensor, the dye was immobilized for 48h at 40 ºс on an epoxy activated agarose support and the effects of the coupling pH and the dyes concentration were optimized. The new optical pH sensor was applicable over of pH values between 0.5 and 12. The sensor responded very rapidly to the pH changes with a response time of around a few seconds. The response of the sensor is reversible and reproducible. Ionic strengths up to 0.5 mol L-1 had no significant effect on the response signal. No evidence of leakage of the dye, with out signal drift was observed during a usage of more than 3 months. P 432

Simple and cost-effective sensor for the determination paracetamol based on the paptode Abdolkarim Abbaspour,* Elaheh Talebanpourbayat

and Abdolreza Khajehzadeh Chemistry Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz

71454, Iran Abstract

A simple and inexpensive method for the determination of acetaminophen in paracetamol tablets based on paptode. In this method the cells containing the sample solution were scanned with the flatbed scanner, then the color of which cell was analyzed with software written in visual basic (VB6) media to red, green and blue values. The cylindrical cells were built by creating holes in the sheet of Plexiglas® by applying a laser. In the color analyzing program, a specific area for analysis was selected, and the program averaged these pixels, there fore the signal to noise ratio increased dramatically. The proposed sensor is linear concentration range of 1.0-20.0 mg L-1 of paracetamol and has detection limit of 0.1 mg L-

1.The parameters, such as pH, concentration of iron (III), concentration of dipy and the temperature and time were optimized. P 433

Studying the kinetics of methylation of platinum

(II) complexes using a combined hard-model MCR-ALS analysis

Bahram Hemmateenejad,* Fayezeh Samari, Morteza Akhond, S. Masoud Nabavizadeh

Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. Iran

E-mail:hemmatb@sums.ac.ir

Abstract Multivariate curve resolution is proposed for the

analysis of spectroscopic data obtained from kinetic studies on the interaction of platinum (II) complexe and MeI. The numbers of spectroscopically distinct conformations present during the unfolding process were determined by SVD and then reveal their concentration profiles and pure spectra by MCR-ALS. The routine application of MCR did not yield physically acceptable results. For overcome this problem, an iterative mixed hard- and soft-modelling MCR algorithm is applied to a data set formed. As a result, quantitative information similar in quality to that obtained by separation techniques (multinuclear (1H, 31P, and 195Pt) NMR spectroscopy) is obtained with less experimental effort and low cost. Keywords: Multivariate curve resolution, Hard-soft method, Rate constant, platinum (II) complexe.

P 434

Determination of ascorbic acid based on

formation of Cu(I)-N, N'-(bis (pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine complex

using a flow injection manifold Habibollah Eskandari*, Mohammad Reza Shariati,

Abolfazl Bezaatpour Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic

Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 179, Iran.

E-mail: a_bezaatpour@yahoo.com

Abstract A complexation reaction in a flow system was

used for spectrophotometric determination of ascorbic acid (AsA). Reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) was performed by ascorbic acid, and then subsequent reaction of the produced Cu(I) with N, N'-(bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine (reagent) was monitored at 473 nm which is the λmax of the produced Cu(I)-reagent. Affecting parameters of the FI manifold were optimized. Under optimum condition of pH (5.30) and the others, the dynamic range for AsA was 1.0-40.0 µg ml-1 with a relative standard deviation of 1.3% with recovery of 100.1% for 20.0 µg ml-1 AsA in a sampling rate of 80 h-1. Foreign species like amino acids, vitamins, sugars, organic acids and metal ions showed very little effects on the determination of AsA. The contents of AsA in commercial pharmaceutical products were analyzed to demonstrate the analytical capability of the developed system.

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Keywords: Ascorbic acid, Cu(I), Flow injection, Spectrophotometry, N, N'-(Bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine P 435

A copper catalyzed flow injection method for fast determination of cysteine using a selective Fe(II)

complexing agent Abolfazl Bezaatpour, Habibollah Eskandari*,

Mohammad Reza Shariati Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic

Sciences, University of Mohaghegh. Ardabili, Ardabil 179, Iran

E-mail: a_bezaatpour@yahoo.com

Abstract A new selective flow injection method is

described for the determination of cysteine (Cys). Fe(ІІІ) is reduced to Fe(ІІ) with Cys in the presence of Cu(II) as catalyst. N, N'-(bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine is used as a selective Fe(II) complexing agent (reagent), producing a colored complex (λmax=592 nm). It was Found that Cu(ІІ) greatly accelerated the reduction reaction of Fe(ІІІ) with Cys. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 1.0-20.0 µg ml-1of Cys with relative standard deviation 0.62% and recovery 100.2% for 16.0 µg ml-1 Cys. LOD was 0.2 µg ml-1. Up to 45 samples can be analysed per hour. Satisfactory results were obtained in the determination of Cys in human urines, plasmas, and synthetic amino acid samples for testifying the applicability of the method to real samples. Keywords: Cysteine, Flow injection, N, N'-(Bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine, Spectrophotometry P 436

Spectrophotometric and spectroflourimetric determination of Fe (III) in aqueous solutions

basis on effect of them on fluorescence and absorbance of triazine derivative dye in the

presence of CTAB A. Yeganeh-faal 1, M. Amini 1 , M. Bordbar 2, A.

Afkhami 3 1) Department of Chemistry, Payam noor

University, Iran 2) Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Qom-Branch, Qom, Iran 3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Boali University, Hamadan, Iran Email: yeganehfaal@yahoo.com

Abstract

A flourophor dye probe, 4,4´-Bis{[4-anilino-6-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino}stilbene-2,2´-disulfonic acid- disodium salt (T3) was first used to selectively determined and recognize Fe (III) in aqueous solutions with its quenching effect on fluorescence emission of this dye intermediate in the presence of cationic

surfactant CTAB. The fluorescence quenching is due to dynamic quenching effect of this cation. The analytical performance characteristics of the proposed method were investigated. This method shows a linear response toward Fe (III) in the concentration range 6.62×10-6 to 8.5×10-5 M with a limit of detection 2.5×10-7 M (15.8 µg L-1). The Stern-Volmer quenching constant (Ksv) was calculated from the Stern-Volmer plot and found to be 0.163 at room temperature. Working pH range is at about 5 to 8. This method is utilized successfully to determine Fe (III) in aqueous solutions. Keywords: quenching, determination, Fe (III), Spectrophotometric, spectroflourimetric P 437

Amitriptyline Removal by Date Pit powder Morteza Hashemzehi*, Mehdi Ansari, Maryam

Kazemipour Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran

Email: morteza.hashem@yahoo.com Abstract

Date pits are agricultural wastes that can be used in the treatment of drinking water. Nowadays, drugs are the most important contaminants of the water. It has been used for separating of various contaminants such as aluminum and uranium. In this study, date pits were washed in boiling deionized water in order to extract its oil content. Then it was dried and grinded by industrial strong mill. Powdered date pits were passed through a sieve No. 200. The fine powder was washed by ethanol and dried at 105 oC for about 3 hours. The powder was kept in a tightly closed container in a desicator in the refrigerator until to be used. A simple third derivative spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of amitriptyline in all adsorption experiment without any additional sample preparation steps. e specific quantity of powder, in the liquid consists of specific concentration of Amitriptyline . in determines in the appropriate time. Factors affecting on the adsorption of amitriptyline on date pits such as pH, temperature, concentration, quantity of adsorbing dose, speed of agitation were evaluated. Adsorption isoterms has surveyed in the optimal situation for determining the mechanism of adsorbing drugs. Desorption of amitriptyline from its adsorptions sites on date pit by ultrasonic waves were investigated. Results showed that spectrophotometric method for the determination of amitriptyline had a dynamic range of 5-50 mg/L. Precision of the method on the basis of RSD% for inter and intraday was lower than 2.9%. Accuracy of the method was greater than 96% (error% of lower than 4%). Adsorption percent of the amitriptyline by adsorbent in various pHs was constant. Results showed that more than 80% of the amitriptyline content of the solutions was removed

156

by first contacting with Date-pit powder. Adsorption capacity of date-pit powder for adsorption of amitriptyline was 11.5mg/g. Amitriptyline adsorption in different temperature showed that it is more adsorbed at lower temperature. Effect of adsorbent amount on the adsorption efficiency was also studied and it showed that amount adsorbed were 76.8% and 86.8% for 0.1 and 0.2 g of adsorbent, respectively. Desorption of amitriptyline in the ultrasonic bath showed that 20 percent of amitriptyline will be removed after 40 minutes. Keywords: Date pit, Amitriptyline, Removal

P 438

Synthesize of N- (Piperidine-2-Carbothioyl) –

Benzamide piperidine and Spectrophotometric Complexation of Co+2, Ni+2, Zn+2 and Cu+2 Ions

with of N- (Piperidine-2-Carbothioyl) –Benzamide piperidine Ligand in Aceto-nitrile

Solution N.Samadi*1, R.hashtrodi 2, sh. khazaie 3 A.Solduzi 4

1. Department of Chemistry, Uremia University 2. Department of Chemistry, P.N University 3 . Department of computer, P.N University

. 4. Department of chemistry, Azad uremia University

E-mail: Samadi76@yahoo.com R_hashtrodi60@yahoo.com Sh_khazaei@parsonline.net

Abstract

So up to present, a large number of papers have been devoted to the study of complexation reaction between metal ions and various ligands [1-3]. Spectrophotometric methods are in general highly sensitive and as such are suitable for studying chemical equilibria in solution [4-6]. In this work, synthesize and the complexation reactions between 3-Benzoyl-1, 1-Diethyl-Thiourea and Cd+2, Ni+2.Cu+2, Co+2 Ions have been investigated in Acetonitrile at room temperature using a spectrophotometric technique. P 439

Spectrophotometric Study of Charge Transfer Complexes of Iodine with Benzene and Some of

It's Derivatives in Chloroform Solvent Somayeh Ebrahimi a, Gholamhassan Azimi *,b

aDepartment of Chemistry, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Arak, g-azimi@araku.ac.ir

Abstract

In this report the interaction of iodine with benzene and some of it's derivatives have been studied specteophotometrically in chloroform solvent. Kinetic studies on Aromatic-iodine systems showed no time dependence of absorption bands of complexes. Result indicative of formation of an electron donor-acceptor complex. Stoichiometry and

formation constants for resulting complexes have been determined with mole ratio and continuous variation methods. Formation constant of complexes evaluated from computer fitting of the whole spectra–mole ratio data, and the observed trend in their stabilities were discussed. The values of formation constants are in parallel with the charge density on the aromatic ring.

Keywords: benzene, Iodine, Charge transfer complexes, Spectrophotometry P 440

Study of the behavior of cesium adsorption on Clinoptilolite – Iron oxide Magnetic Composite

H. Faghihian (1), A.R. firouz (2), M. Ghanadi Maragheh (3), M. Moayed (4) *

1,2, 4-Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran

3-Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: moayed20032003@yahoo.com

Abstract In this work the adsorption feature of natural

clinoptilolite zeolite with the magnetic properties of iron oxide have been combined in a composite to produce a magnetic adsorbent. This magnetic composite has been used as an adsorbent for cesium in water sample and subsequently has been removed from the medium by the simple magnetic process. The zeolite: iron oxide composites were characterized by XRD, BET surface area analysis and XRF. The stability of composites at different pH were examined and at pH rang 5-9 were stable. The adsorption of cesium from solution onto the composite showed that presence of iron oxide increased the adsorption capacity of composite for cesium.

Keywords: Clinoptilolite, Zeolite,Magnetic adsorbent, Cesium P 441

Spectrophotometric Study of Charge Transfer

Complexes of Iodine with Macrocycles Containing 1, 10 – Phenanthroline Sub-unit in

Organic Solvents Somayeh Ebrahimi a, Gholamhassan Azimi*,b

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Arak, Arak, 38156, g-azimi@araku.ac.ir

Abstract

Formation of charge transfer complexes of iodine with 1,10-phenanthroline and two synthetic ligands that are donor macrocycles containing the 1,10-phenanthroline sub-unit was investigated spectrophotometrically in chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solvents. The observed time dependence of charge-transfer band and subsequent

157

formation of I-3 in solution were related to the slow transformation of the initially formed outer complex to an inner complex followed by reaction of inner complex with iodine to form a triiodid ion. Effect of solvent properties on pseudo-first order constants evaluated from the absorbance-time data. Stoichiometry and formation constants for resulting complexes have also been determined with mole ratio and continuous variation methods and by using of computer fitting of the absorbance-mole ratio data. Keywords: 1,10-phenanthroline, Iodine, Charge transfer complexes, Spectrophotometry P 442

Selective method for spectrophotometric

determination of bismuth after cloud point extraction without added chelating agents

Majid Shafie* ,Behzad Aibaghi Esfahani School of Chemistry, Damghan University,

Damghan, Iran E-mail: majids1400@yahoo.com

Abstract

A selective method for preconcentration and Spectrophotometric determination of bismuth using cloud point extraction from aqueous solutions was investigated. This method is based on the formation of tetraiodobismuthate (ІІІ) and cloud point extraction of complex in acidic media. The optimal extraction and reaction conditions were studied. The detection limit was 5.1 ng ml-1 and the analytical curve was linear for the concentration range of 10-500 ng ml-1. The interference effect of some anions and cations was also tested. This method was successfully applied to the determination of bismuth in sea water sample.

Keywords: Cloud point extraction, Bismuth, Preconcentration, Spectrophotometric P 443

Design and construction of an optical chemical

sensor based on immobilization of 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5(diethyl amino) phenol (Br-

PADAP) in Nafion for determination of Pb(II) ion

Asma Baghadam Narooei*, Alireza Zanganeh a, Hoosien Salavati b

aDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahrreza Branch, Shahrreza, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Payamenoor University, Isfahan, Iran

E-mail: asma.narooyi@gmail.com

Abstract A new optical chemical sensor for detection of

lead (II) ion in aqueous solutions based on 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethyl amino) phenol (Br-PADAP), immobilized in Nafion membrane is reported. The sensing membranes cost onto

radiology film supports. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range and detection limit is 0.5-20 µg ml-1 and 0.1 µg ml-1 (correlation coefficient r = 0.9997), respectively. The linear regression equation is A = 0.0731 + 0.0277 C (µg ml-1). The coefficients of variation of the sensor response for 4, 6 and 12 µg ml-1 of Pb (II) were ±1.8%, ±2.1% and ±2.3% respectively, and the CV between ten membranes was ±6.2%. The sensor among several acids can readily be regenerated with the carrier, 1M nitric acid solution. The optode is fully reversible. The best regeneration time was obtained at 200 s. The method was applied to the determination of lead in water samples. Keywords: Optical chemical sensor, Br-PADAP, Nafion, Lead

P 444

Removal of copper (II) ions from aqueous

solutions using polydopamine (PD) nanoparticles

Neda Farnad a,b, Khalil Farhadi *c a. Payamnour University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran b. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,

Urmia University, Iran c. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Urmia University, Iran E-mail: khalil.farhadi@yahoo.com;

kh.farhadi@urmia.ac.ir Abstract

A simple and fast method was used for the synthesis of polydopamine nanoparticle. PD nanoparticles (63 nm) were synthesized from dopamine solution (5 mg mL-1) at alkaline pH (10 mM Tris, pH 8.5) during 20 h. The obtained dark-brown solution was freeze-dried to prepare very light polydopamine nanoparticales, then factors influencing copper adsorption such as pH (2–6), ionic strength (100-500 mM), adsorbent dose (0.2-0.8 gL−1) and temperature (293–323 K) were investigated. The equilibrium time was achieved for Cu2+ ions after 270 min. Adsorption isotherms were obtained using concentrations of the copper ions ranging from 20 to 100 mgL−1. The adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order reaction. The adsorption equilibrium data was fitted best with the Langmuir isotherm and the monolayer adsorption capacity of Cu2+ ions was determined as 37.59 mg g-1 at 293 K. Our results demonstrate that the adsorption process is exothermic under natural conditions. This study revealed that PD nanostructure was an effective adsorbent for removal of these ions from aqueous solutions. Keywords: Adsorption, Copper, Biopolymer, Polydopamine, Nanoparticles

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P 445

On-Line Cloud Point Extraction of Copper by 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) and

Determination with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Nasser dalali*, Mahdi Hosseini, Shiva Motahedi, Saeed mohammadnejad

Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new simple flow injection analysis (FIA) system is described for on-line preconcentration by cloud point extraction and determination of Cu in different samples using inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectroscopy (FI-AAS). A 0.01 M ammonium acetate was used as buffer for providing suitable conditions for complexation and increasing reproducibility. Retained ions on the cotton column were then eluted by a mixture ethanol/water 20% (V/V). In this work, for reducing band widths of eluted ion, elution of minicolumn was carried out from opposite direction. The same solution was used as both carrier and eluent, in order to increase the reproducibility. An enrichment factor of 26.8 for analyte ion was obtained at a concentration level of 100 ppb. The detection limits of the proposed method was 0.05 µg mL-1. The ability of the method for the recovery of Cu ion was tested in the presence of several diverse metal ions in a synthetic mixture and some real matrices. Keywords: Flow injection analysis (FI), on-line cloud point extraction, copper, PAN

P 446

N, N'-(Bis (pyridine-2-yl) benzylidene) ethane-1, 2-diamine as a new Fe(II) selective complexing agent for spectrophotometric determination of

dopamine Habibollah Eskandari*, Abolfazl Bezaatpour

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran E-mail: heskandari@uma.ac.ir

Abstract

N, N'-(Bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine (BPBED) as a new chromogenic complexing agent for Fe(II) was introduced. In aqueous solutions containing Fe(III) was reduced to Fe(II) by dopamine, then Fe(II) formed a water soluble blue color complex with BPBED. Condition was optimizaed and calibration graphs were obtained. Spectrophotometric determination of dopamine was performed at 592 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 0.1-2.0 µg ml-1 dopamine. Precisions as relative standard deviation percentage as well as accuracy as recovery percent were in the range of 0.4-1.9 and 98.8-104.1%, respectively, for

the entire of the linear range. Detection limit was 0.02 µg ml-1. Effects of some diverse species on the determination of dopamine were studied to investigate selectivity of the method. The recommended procedure was applied to the various plasma and urine matrices, satisfactorily. Keywords: Fe(II), Dopamine, Spectrophotometric determination, Urine, Plasma P 447

Structural and solvatochromic studies of polymethine dye analogous in pure and mixed

solvents Shohre Rouhani 1a, Lili Mahmoodi 1

aInstitute for Color Science and Technology,Department of Organic Colorants

Tehran, Iran Email: Rouhani@icrc.ac.ir

Abstract

Symmetric cationic polymethine dye analogous with three and pentamethylene connecting bridge were synthesis based on N-methyl- 2,3,3,trimethylindolenine. The solvatochromic behavior of compounds in seven pure and mixed solvents was investigated and compared. Results indicated the negative solvatochromism for both dyes. It is shown that the constraining bridge influences their spectral properties and electronic effects. In the case of merocyanines the bridge group can cause a remarkable effect on their electronic absorbtion spectra, molecular polarity and solvatochromism behavior Keywords: Solvatochromism, Cyanine Dye,Structural effect. P 448

Morphine removal from water by multi-walled carbon nanotubes adsorption

Shokoofeh Hasanzadeh*, Maryam Kazemipour, Mehdi Ansari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman,

Iran E-mail: shokoofe_hasanzadeh@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this research, multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as adsorbent for separation of morphine from aqueous media. Morphine was measured by a simple spectrophotometric method developed and validated in this study. Parameters affecting on morphine adsorption such as pH, temperature, time, interferences of similar molecules, and amount of the adsorbent were studied. Morphine adsorption on MWCNTs was compared to Fullerene C60 and activated carbon. Impact of acidic, basic, and neutral solution on morphine desorption is also investigated. Adsorption data were fitted on each of the isotherms

159

like Langmuir, Freundlich, and D-R to find suitable isotherm. Results of analytical method validation showed proper linear regression (Y=0.004X+0.0329, R=0.9995) with suitable precision and accuracy. Results of morphine adsorption on MWCNTs showed that more adsorption was occurred at pH 5.6, and more adsorption will occur on more adsorbent amount, adsorption at lower temperatures is more than higher temperatures, and adsorption will equilibrate at 40 minutes. Adsorption of morphine on MWCNTs was much higher than Fullerene C60 and activated carbon. Desorption of morphine from its adsorbed sites by basic solutions is more than that of acidic or neutral solutions. Adsorbent capacity showed that each g of MWCNTs can adsorb 71.3 mg morphine. With respect to high capacity of multi walled carbon nanotubes in morphine removal, it appears that these materials can play an effective role in morphine detoxification. Keywords: Morphine, multi walled carbon nanotubes, removal

P 449

Theophylline Removal by carbon nantubes from

water Sakineh Raisi, Maryam Kazemipour, Mehdi

Ansari Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran

E-mail:sraisi84@yahoo.com Abstract

This research studies the separation of theophylline from aqueous environment by multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Theophylline concentration was determined by spectrophotometric method. Theophylline solution of 20 mg/lit was used to study the adsorption. Parameters affecting on theophylline adsorption like pH, temperature, time, interferences of similar molecules, and amount of the adsorbent were studied. Results showed a good linear regression (Y=0.0183x+0.0525, R2=0.9995), precision and accuracy(RSD% less than 4.4% and Error% of 1.2%, respectively). Results showed that pH had no effect on the adsorption of theophylline on MWCNTs. Theophylline adsorption measured at various temperatures indicated during initial times at low temperatures adsorption is higher. Adsorption at various times depicted that percent of theophylline adsorption becomes constant during 30 minutes. The study of adsorbent type showed that adsorption rate of MWCNTs is much higher than that of Fullerene C60 and activated charcoal. The effect of adsorbent amount on theophylline separation is studied and its results showed that the more adsorbent amount will result in the more adsorption percent. The study of adsorbent capacity indicates

that each g MWCNTs has the capacity of 67 mg theophylline adsorption. The studies of desorption indicated that none of acidic, basic, and neutral solutions can play a significant role in theophylline desorption. Adsorption isotherms showed that adsorption process follows D-R isotherm.

Keywords : Theophylline, MWCNTs, Adsorption

P 450

Development of vapor generation –

spectrophotometric detection system for selective determination of trace amount of sulfide in water

samples M.H. Arbab-Zavar a, M. Aliakbari a,*, M.

Barghamadi b, M. Omidvar-Motlagh b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran b Central Lab of Abfar Khorasan Razavi Co,

Mashhad, Iran E-mail: aliakbari.m@gmail.com

Abstract

A continuous flow vapor generation system for the determination of sulfide at low levels in aqueous samples based on hydrogen sulfide prevaporation and spectrophotometric detection has been developed. In a modified commercial vapor generator, the analyte was converted into hydrogen sulfide by reaction with hydrochloric acid, separated in a gas liquid separator and accepted into a dilute alkaline solution, thus, interferences could be avoided. Subsequently, the solution acidified and merged with N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) and Fe (III) to produce methylene blue dye. The absorbance was measured at 668 nm after 10 min. The effects of parameters on the detection system such as concentrations of acid, DMPD, and Fe (III) were studied. The influences of experimental operating parameters including concentration of hydrochloric acid, volume and concentration of trapping solution, flow rates of solutions and Ar carrier gas, magnet stirring rate in trap vial and generation time were evaluated and optimum conditions were obtained. Under the operating conditions, the proposed method provides a linear working range of 2–100 ng mL−1 sulfide with a relative standard deviation of 3.8% (RSD, n = 7) at 50 ng mL−1 S2− and a detection limit (3σ, n = 7) of 1.7 ng mL−1 S2−. The proposed technique for separation, preconcentration and detection was applied satisfactorily to sulfide determination in spiked contaminated tap water.

Keywords: Sulfide, Vapor generation, Spectrophotometry

P 451

Multivariate Spectroscopic Determination of

Protolytic Constants of some Salisylidene Schiff Bases

160

Maryam Bordbar 1,*, Mehrnaz Gharagozlou 2, Ali Yeganeh Faal 3, Ahmad Mashayekhi Nezamabadi 3

1) Department of chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Qom-Branch, Qom, Iran.

2) Department of Nanotechnology, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran 3) Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University, Iran. E-Mail: m.bordbare@gmail.com

Abstract

A multiwavelength spectrophotometric titration method was applied to study the protolytic constants of synthesized derivatives of saliylidene schiff bases (L1-L9) in aquouus solution at 25±0.1 °C. The protolytic equilibrium constants, spectral profiles, concentration diagrams and also the number of components have been calculated from the fitting of the pH-spectral titration data with appropriate mass balance equations by SQUAD program. The first acidity constants (pKa1) are found to correspond to amino protonation for molecules L2, L7 and L8. The second acidity constants (pKa2) are found to be associated with protonation of imine N atom for all compounds. The third acidity constants (pKa3) are found to be associated with the protonation of phenolate oxygen. The influence of substituents in the molecular structure on the ionization constants is discussed.

Keywords: Salisylidene Schiff Base, SQUAD, Acidity Constant P 452

Ion-Pair extraction spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of imipramine

MARJAN SHEIBANI A A Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Omidieh Branch , Omidieh, Iran

Tel: ( 98)( 652) 3223434 , Fax: (98)( 652) 3222533 E-mail : marjan.sheibani@gmail.com

Abstract

A simple, sensitive and selective extraction-spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of imipramine is reported.The imipramine-OrangeII ion-pair in acidic media is quantitatively extracted into chloroform and its absorbance is measured at 487 nm at room temperature. The effect of different variables such as solvent, volume of extracting solvent, volume of anionic reagent, pH, ionic strength (NaCl 0.1 M) and shaking time is investigated and optimum conditions for quantitative extraction of imipramine is obtained. Linear calibration graph over the imipramine concentration range of 0.03-7.00 µg mL-1and regression coefficient of 0.9999 is obtained. The relative standard deviation of 10 replicate determination of 2 µg mL.-1 of imipramine is 1.95%. Limit of detection of the method is 0.022

µg mL-1The method is used for determination of imipramine in 10mg, 25mg, 50mg Tablets.

Keywords: imipramine, Extraction, OrangeII, Determination P 453 Poly (ethylene glycol) grafted onto dowex resin as

an efficient sorbent for removal of malachite green dye: kinetic and equilibrium isotherm

analyses R. Mirzajani, A.R. Kiasat

Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

Email: rmirzajani@scu.ac.ir

Abstract Adsorption of malachite green (MG) from

aqueous solution onto poly (ethylene glycol) grafted onto dowex resin was investigated by batch methods. The effect of various factors such as initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and temperature were studied. The maximum adsorption of MG was observed at pH 4. Longmuir and Freundlich isotherms were employed to describe the MG adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption studies were carried out at 30, 40 and 50 oC, the monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 95.0, 185.0 and 190.5 mg/g at 30, 40 and 50 oC, respectively. The values of thermodynamic parameters like ∆Go, ∆Ho and ∆So indicated that adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. In order to investigate the mechanism of sorption, adsorption data were modeled using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations, and intraparticle diffusion model. It was found that the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model for the dye concentration range studied in the present work; the breakthrough capacities were also investigated. Keywords: malachite green (MG), poly (ethylene glycol) -dowex resin, removal P 454

Determination of N-cethyl-

N,N,N,trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with a dye intermediate in the presence of Triton

X-100 A. Yeganeh-faal 1, M. Amini 1 , M. Bordbar 2, A.

Afkhami 3 1) Department of Chemistry, Payam noor

University, Iran 2) Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Qom-Branch, Qom, Iran 3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Boali University, Hamadan, Iran Email: yeganehfaal@yahoo.com

Abstract

In this work spectrophotometric and spectroflourmetric methods were proposed for

161

determination of cationic surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the presence of triton X-100 (TX-100) as nonionic surfactant. The method based on enhancing effect of CTAB on the fluorescence and absorption of an dye intermediate,4,4´-Bis{[4-anilino-6-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazin-2- yl]amino}stilbene-2,2´-disulfonic acid- disodium salt (T3) in the presence of Triton X-100. The calibration curves is linear in the concentration ranges from 3.38×10-6 to 5.7×10-5 mol L-1 for Uv-visible absorption method and from 3.32 ×10-6 to 2.0×10-5 mol L-1 for fluorescence method of CTAB and with a detection limit (LOD) for fluorescence method of 1.5×10-7 mol L-1 and for absorption method is 5.8×10-7 mol L-1. Keywords: CTAB determination, spectrophotometric, spectroflourmetric, TX-100 P 455

Strontium removal by zeolite A and PAN-zeolite

A composite adsorbents H. Faghihian(1), M. Iravani *(2), M. Ghanadi

Maragheh(3) 1, 2-Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University,

Isfahan, Iran 3-Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy

Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: mojganiravani@yahoo.com

Abstract

Composite adsorbent was prepared and tested for its ability to remove Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions. The composite was prepared by mixing synthesis zeolite A with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution as a binder. Optimal conditions for composite preparation such as mixing ratio of zeolite and PAN, mixing time and temperature were determined. The physico-chemical properties of these composites were determined using some instrumental analysis viz. XRD, XRF, FT-IR, BET and DTG. The composite adsorbent was treated with Sr (NO3)2 solution to determine its sorption capacity. All Sr2+ measurement were carried out by ICP-AES. Kd value was determined and was found to be 1.1×104 ml g-1. These results have shown that composite adsorbent could be effectively used for adsorption and removal of strontium ion from aqueous solution. Keywords: Zeolite A, Polyacrylonitrile, Composite, Strontium

P 456

A visible light response TiO2 photocatalyst realized by Thiourea doping and its application

for methyl orange degradation Mohsen Behpour*, Vajiheh Atouf

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan,

Kashan, I.R. Iran E-mail: m.behpour@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract In modern purification techniques employing

semiconductor mediated photooxidation of toxic substances such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) are the most widely used metal oxides due to their unique blend of properties. However, the band edges of TiO2 lie in the UV region which makes them inactive under visible light irradiation. Researchers have been interested in the modification of electronic and optical properties of TiO2 for their efficient use in water and air purification under visible light irradiation. The present paper deals with the preparation of Thiourea (TU) doped TiO2 thin film photocatalyst by sol–gel dip coating process. The degradation of methyl orange (MO) as a model on the nanocrystalline thin films under visible light irradiation was monitored using UV–VIS spectroscopy .The amount of doped Thiourea plays a significant role in affecting its photocatalytic activity. The photodegradation of TU/TiO2 with molar ratio= 1.0 exhibited the best photocatalytic efficiency where 86% methyl orange can be decomposed after visible exposure for 7 h.

Keywords: TU-doped TiO2, phoocatalyst, sol gel, visible light P 457

Removal of Metal Ions Using Rice Husk in Food

Industrial Wastewater Mahnoosh Hagshenas*, Mahboobeh Tabandeh,

Maryam Moshasha ,Hossein Tavallali and Elham Asrari

Payame Noor University (PNU), Shiraz, 711365 -944, Iran

Email: Mahnoosh_Haghshenas@yahoo.com Abstract

The adsorption behavior of Zn 2+ and Pb2+ ions on rice husk has been investigated in dairy wastewater to understand the physicochemical process involved and to explore the potentiality of rice husk in wastewater treatment. The main parameter influencing Zn2+ and Pb2+ sorption on rice husk was pH value of waste water. The influence of pH (2–9) has been studied in this research. The binding process is strongly affected by pH, and the optimum pH for Zn2+ and Pb2+ ion is 7.0 and 9.0, respectively. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions was calculated from the Langmuir isotherm and found to be 19.617 and 0.6216 mg/g, respectively. P 458

Preparation of Zn-ZSM-5 Zeolite for Photodegradation of Methyl Green

Alireza Nezamzadeh Ejhieh 1, Zahra Shams Ghahfarokhi 2, Mohamad azadi 3

162

1 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, arnezamzadeh@iaush.ac.ir

2 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, young researcher

club, Email: shams_sh525@yahoo.com

3 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, young researcher

club, Email: Mohammad_azadi60@yahoo.com

Abstract

Zn-ZSM-5 zeolite was prepared by ion exchange procedure from Na-ZSM-5 and it was characterized by FTIR, XRD and thermal methods. The prepared composite was used as a catalyst in photodegradation process of methylgreen (MG) dye in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. UV-Vis spectrophotometric measurements are performed for determination of decolorization and mineralization extents. The effect of key operating parameters such as catalyst dosage, temperature, initial concentration of dye and pH of the samples were studied on the degradation process of dye. Primary objective was to determine the optimal conditions for each of the parameters. The optimal operation parameters were found as follows: pH=9, the temperature of 80 oC, 40 ppm of dye concentration and 0.8 g L-1 of Zn-ZSM-5 catalyst. The Zn2+ particles out of zeolite framework showed lower degradation efficiency than Zn-ZSM-5. Keywords: Methyl Green, Photodegradation, Zn-ZSM-5 Zeolite, Ion exchange. P 459

UV–Vis Spectroscopic study of encapsulation of some metal ions (Ni2+ , Co2+, Pb2+) nanoparticles

by Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes-graft-Poly (citric acid)

Nahid Sarlak*, Mohammad Amin Farahmand Nejad

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khorram Abad, I.R. Iran

E-mail: sarlak.n@gmail.com

Abstract Polymerization of citric acid onto the surface of

functionalized multi wall carbon nanotubes was led to MWCNT-graft-poly (citric acid) (MWCNT-g-PCA) hybrid materials. Due to the presence of conjugated citric acid branches, synthesized MWCNT-g-PCA hybrid materials were not only soluble in water but also able to trap water soluble metal ions such as Ni+2 , Pb+2 ,Co+2. Reduction of trapped metal ions by reducing agents (NaBH4) led to encapsulated metal nanoparticles in the citric acid branches. Finally we prove encapsulation of metal nanoparticles through UV-visible spectra and TEM analysis.

Keywords: UV–Vis Spectrophotometry, MWCNT-graft-poly(citric acid), Ni , Pb ,Co nanoparticles, TEM analysis

P 460

ZnO-In 2O3 nanocomposite photocatalysts:

preparation, characterisations and activity for 4-chlorophenol photodegradation

in water Nasrin Talebian*, Razieh Ramazan Ghasem

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza branch, I.R. Iran

E-mail: talebian@iaush.ac.ir Abstract

Nanocrystalline bicomponent ZnO–In2O3 thin films with various Zn/ In ratio have been prepared by the sol–gel Dip-Coating (SGDC) technique and calcined at 550 oC. Their crystalline structure and surface morphology of films were determined by appropriate techniques (XRD and SEM spectroscopies), while their photocatalytic activity (PCA) was tested in the case of the degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in water. PCA increased with decreasing In2O3. On the basis of various characterisations of the photocatalysts, the reasons invoked to explain the PCA enhancement due to In2O3 include a better separation of photogenerated charge carriers, different crystallite growth processes as a function of Zn/ In ratio and an increased surface acidity inducing a higher extent of adsorption of the aromatics. Keywords: Nanocrystalline thin films, sol–gel Dip-Coating, photocatalytic activity.

P 461

Spectrophotometric study of complexation

between some new N2S2O2-Schiff bases and some transition metal ions in nonaqueous solvent

Ardeshir shokrollahi*, Mehrourang Ghaedi, Mojdeh. Ranjbar, Ali Hossein Kianfar

Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of yasouj, yasouj 75918-74831. Iran

E-mail: ashokrollahi@mail.yu.ac.ir Abstract

Nowaday, although the synthesis of tetradentate Schiff bases and the corresponding metal ions complexes has been attended [1] but also about of calculation of stability constants of this complexes in solution have not been reported. In this work, the complexation between Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ ions and a new series of N2S2O2-Schiff bases ligands were studied in DMF at 25˚C and 0.05 M tetra ethylammonium perchlorate (TEAP), by spectrophotometrically method.All investigated metal ions form 1:1 and 1:2 (ML,ML2) complexes. The overall stability constants of complexes have been evaluated by computer refinement of abs-mol ratio in complex or ligand value using the KINFIT program [2].

Keywords: Spectrophotometric, Complexation, N2S2O2-Schiff bases

163

P 462

Spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of 2-nitrophenol and 3-nitrophenol using H-Point

Standard Addition and Partial Least Squares methods

Ali Niazi *, Shokufeh Hadavand and Atefeh Navabi Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of 2-nitrophenol and 3-nitrophenol by H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) and partial least squares (PLS) calibration is proposed. Experimental result showed that, the best pH for adsorption was 10. Both the proposed methods (PLS and HPSAM) were successfully applied to the determination of 2-nitrophenol and 3-nitrophenol in several synthetic and real matrix samples. Keywords: Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination, 2-nitrophenol, 3-nitrophenol , HPSAM, PLS P 463

Synthesis and characterization of asymmetric triazenes and Competitive UV-Vis spectroscopic

study of complexation with different salts of Hg2+, in acetonitrile and methanol

Vanik Gholipour, Zahra ghalami and Mohammad Kazem Rofouei *

Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University Email: rofouei@tmu.ac.ir

Abstract

This triazene compound, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)triazene (CMT) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy and CHN.The reaction of this triazene, with different salts of Hg2+ in methanol and acetonitrile with UV-Vis spectroscopy was stuied and pKf of these complexes were determinatetd with computer software (kinfit). Reaction of CMT with mercury salt in methanol and acetonitrile leads to complexes of formula ML and MLML2. Keywords: Triazene-Mercury-UV-Vis spectroscopy P 464

Synthesis new nanocomposites by using some

phenols and multiwall carbon nanotubes-graft-poly (citric acid) hybrid materials and UV-Vis

spectroscopic study of synthetic nanocomposites Nahid Sarlak*, Seyed Mostafa Jafari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, University of lorestan, khoramabad, I.R. Iran.

E-mail: sarlak.n@gmail.com Abstract

In this work, we prepared new nanocomposites by using MWCNT-g-PCA and some phenols such as 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, phenol, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in aqueous solution. The effect of important factors for synthesis new nanocomposites was examined by changing experimental variables such as the time of dispersion, pH and temperature. The structure, characteristics of this system was investigated using usual spectroscopy and microscopy methods. The results showed that interaction of MWCNT-g-PCA nanocomposites with 4-nitrophenol is strongly dependent on pH. MWCNT-g-PCA nanocomposites may be a promising candidate for trapping of some phenols from industry waste water. Keywords: 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, nanocomposite, UV–Vis Spectrophotometry, MWCNT-graft-poly (citric acid). P 465

Combination of Flotation and flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination,

preconcentration and separation of trace amounts of some metal ions in biological samples

using 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d] imidazole (PHBI) M. Ghaedi*a, K. Niknam b, E. Niknam b, M. Nejati a

, H. Hosainian a a) Chemistry Department, University of Yasouj,

Yasouj 75914-353, Iran b) Chemistry Department, Persian Gulf University,

Bushehr, Iran * Corresponding author E-mail:

m_ghaedi@mail.yu.ac.ir, Telfax: (+98)-741-2223048

Abstract

An efficient flotation method based on the combination of flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and separation and preconcentration step for determination of Cd2+, Ag+ and Zn2+ ions in various real samples by the possibility of applying as a new collector is studied. The influence of pH, amount of 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d] imidazole (PHBI) as collector, sample matrix, type and amount of eluting agent, type and amount of surfactant as floating agent, ionic strength and air flow rates i.e. variables affecting the efficiency of the extraction system was evaluated. It is ascertained that metal ions such as ion can be separated simultaneously from matrix in the presence of 0.04 mM 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d] imidazole (PHBI), 0.2 (w/v %) of SDS to 750 ml at pH 10. These ions can be eluted quantitatively with 6 mL of 1.0 M HNO3 in methanol which lead to the enrichment factor of 125. The detection limits for analyte ions were in the range of 1.3-2.4 ng ml–1. The method has been successfully applied for determination of trace amounts of metal ions in various real samples. The method has been successfully applied for determination of trace amounts of analyte ions in various real samples.

164

P 466

Preconcentration of trace of some heavy metal ions on SDS coated alumina modified 2-hydroxy-3-((1-H-indol 3-yle)phenyl) methyl) 1-H-indol as

new chelating agent and subsequent determination by AAS

M. Ghaedi*b, K. Niknam b, M. Jamshidi c a Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj

75914-353 Iran b Chemistry Department, Persian Gulf University,

Bushehr, Iran c Chemistry Department, Gachsaran Azad

University, gachsaran, Iran Corresponding author: Email:

m_ghaedi@mail.yu.ac.ir, Telfax: +98-741- 223048 Abstract

A selective, sensitive and efficient method for preconcentration of trace amounts of some metal ions such as Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Fe3+ ions based on modification of SDS coated alumina by 12-hydroxy-3-((1-H-indol 3-yle)phenyl) methyl) 1-H-indol (HIPMI) has been reported. The method is based on the uptake and of chelate of these ions following their chelation with HIPMI on surface of the SDS coated alumina and their efficient elution using a suitable eluting agent. The preconcentration factor is 125 (8 ml elution volume) for a 1000 ml sample volume. The method has been successfully applied for the extraction and determination of these ions content in some real samples. The extraction efficiency was > 97% with low relative standard deviation between 1.8-3.4 %. P 467 Spectrophotometric determination of nitrite after

cloud point extraction N. Pourreza*, M. R. Fathi, A. Hatami

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.

E-mail: npourreza@yahoo.com Abstract

A new micelle mediated cloud point extraction method is described for sensitive determination of trace amounts of nitrite by spectrophotometry. The method is based on the well known reduction reaction of nitrite by iodide ion in acidic medium and cloud point extraction of produces I3

- formed from the reaction from aqueous solution using Triton X-100. The extracted surfactant rich phase is diluted with water and its absorbance is measured at 365 nm. The effects of different operating parameters such as concentration of surfactant, KI concentration, temperature incubation time and acid concentration on the cloud point extraction was studied in details and a set of optimum conditions were obtained. A linear calibration graph was obtained in the range of 8-120 ng mL-1. The limit of Detection based on three times the standard deviation of the blank (3Sb) was 6.05 ng mL-1 (n=10) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for

determination of 60 ng mL-1 of nitrite was 3.40 % (n= 10).The method was applied to the determination of nitrite in meat products and water samples. Keywords: Nitrite; Triton X-100; cloud point

extraction; spectrophotometry P 468

Synthesis and characterization of new asymmetric triazene and Spectrophotometric Studies of Complexes with Hg2+ and Cd2+ Ions

Mohammad Kazem Rofouei*, Zahra Vafaei Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University,

49 Mofateh Ave., Tehran, Iran E-mail: rofouei@tmu.ac.ir

Abstract

The complexation reactions between 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)triazene (NPET) with Hg2+ and Cd2+ ions have been studied using spectrophotometry in methanol. The formation constants of the resulting 1:1 and 1:2 (metal ion to ligand) complexes were calculated from the computer fitting of the absorbance mole ratio data. At 25 °C the stability constant of the Hg2+ complex is higher than the Cd2+ complex. Keywords: Triazene, Spectrophotometric Studies, Mercury(II) P 469

Spectrophotometric studies of the Complex

between Zn2+ ,Cu2+ , Ni2+

And Cd2+ ions with a new N,N0-di(thiazol-2-yl)formimidamide ligand.

Rofouei Mohammad Kazem*, Rahimi Saeed, Mashhadizadeh Mohammad Hosain

Faculty of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University Tehran Iran

Email:rofoueu@tmu.ac.ir

Abstract The complex-formation reactions between Cu2+,

Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions with N,N0-di(thiazol-2-yl)formimidamide ligand (has been studied by spectrophotometric and method in acetonitrile at 25. Formation constants of the 1:1 and 1:2 (metal ion to ligand) complexes were evaluated from computer fitting of the absorbance-mole ratio data, and, and found that complexes to vary in the order of Ni2+> Zn2+>Cu2+> Cd2+. P 470 Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination

of palladium and platinum by chemometrics methods

Ahmad Akrami a,b,*, Fatemeh Bagheban Shahri a,b, Ali Niazi a,b

aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

165

bYong Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

E-mail: ahmad.akrami.60@gmail.com Abstract

The simultaneous determination of metal cations mixtures by using spectrophotometric method is a difficult problem due to spectral interferences. By multivariate calibration method (PLS) it is possible to obtain a model adjusted to the concentration values of the mixtures used in the calibration range. Orthogonal signal correction (OSC) is a suitable preprocessing method for partial least squares calibration of mixtures without loss of prediction capacity using spectrophotometric method. This study describes an analytical methodology for simultaneous determination metal cations mixtures of whit spectrophotometric method and multivariate calibration technique (PLS) with preprocessing by OSC. The aim of this work is to propose orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) method to resolve binary mixtures in synthesis and real water samples without prior separation. The RMSEP for palladium and platinum with PLS and OSC-PLS were 0.0664, 0.0504 and 0.0329, 0.0230, respectively. This procedure allows the simultaneous determination of palladium and platinum in synthetic and real matrix samples good reliability of the determination. Keywords: Spectrophotometric, Prediction, PLS, OSC. P 471

Determination of complexing capacities and stability constant of some Dilactam crown

ethers with Ag +, Cd 2+ , Cr 3+ وMg 2+ cations by spectrofluoremetry

Mahboubeh Masrournia,Zohreh Emrani, Razeh Sanave Khosnod

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University-Mashhad Branch

Mashhad, I.R. Iran E-mail:zoherh.emrani65@gmail.com

Abstract

Crown Ethers a group organized of compounds that are specific to their complex properties,for their research in many areas is interesting. An example of a Crown Ethers, are DiLactam Crown Ethers. In this research we determined stability Constants some compounds DiLactam Crown Ethers had synthetic. Fluorescence method due to the high sensitivity and fluorescence property this compounds is suitable for the determination of stability Constants. We describe a fluorescence titration technique which can be used to determine 1:1 conditinaI stability constants (K) of fluorescing ligands with metal ions. stability constants of cations Ag+ , Cd2+ , Cr3+ و Mg2+ with 7-Methyl-5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10-hexahydrodibenzo [c,k][1,2,6,9]dithiadiazacyclododecine-5 , 10-dione and 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11-Hexahydro-5H-dibenzo[c,l][1,2,6,10]dithiadiazacyclotridecine-5 ,

11-dione and 4 , 5 , 16 , 17-Tetrahydrodibenzo [c,l]naphtha[1,8-gh][1,2,6,10] dithiadiazacyclotridecine-5 , 16-dione was investigated. Keywords: DiLactam Crown Ethers, fluorescence titration technique, stability Constants P 472 Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination

of Nickel and Zinc with Xylenol orange using Orthogonal Signal Correction-Partial Least

Squares in water samples Ali Niazi*, Elham Bagheri , Maryam Ghiasi, Mina

Montazeri Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Arak Branch, Arak, Iran E-mail: ali.niazi@gmail.com

Abstract

Simple and novel spectrophotometric method is described for simultaneous determination of nickel and zinc. The method is based on the complexes formed by nickel and zinc with xylenol orange at pH=6. All factors affecting the sensitivity were optimized and the linear dynamic range for determination of nickel and zinc was found.The simultaneous determination of nickel and zinc mixtures by using spectrophotometric methods is a difficult problem,due to spectral interferences. By multivariate calibration methods such as partial least squares(PLS), it is possible to obtain a model adjusted to the concentration values of the mixture used in the calibration range. Orthogonal signal correction (OSC) is a preprocessing technique used for removing the unrelated information and is a suitable preprocessing method for PLS calibration of mixtures without loss of prediction capacity using spectrophotometric method. In this study, the calibration model is based on absorption spectra in the 300-650 nm range for 25 different mixtures of nickel and zinc. Calibration matrices contained 0.1-1.1 and 0.1-1.4 µg.ml-1 of nickel and zinc, respectively. The RMSEP for nickel and zinc with OSC and without OSC were 0.010, 0.083 and 0.0148, 0.057, respectively. The propose method has been applied to the simultaneous determination of nickel and zinc in water samples. Keywords: Nickel, zinc, determination, spectrophotometric, OSC-PLS . P 473

A H2O2-CTMAB Chemiluminescence reaction system for determination of Naringin, the

antioxidant potential of citrus fruit M.H.Sorouraddin , H.Abbasteh*

Department of Analytical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, I. R. Iran

E-mail:h.abbasteh@gmail.com

166

Abstract A new Chemiluminescence (CL) method is

described for the determination of Naringin, the antioxidant potential of citrus fruit. Reactions were carried out in a test tube placed in the luminometer’s sample holder. 1.0 ml portions of N-cetyl-N,N,N–trimethyl ammoniumbromide (CTMAB, %1 w/v) solution, prepared in NaOH 1M , was transferred into test tubes, followed by injection of H2O2

solution (1 mL ,5% w/v) to initiate the CL reaction. The progress of the reaction was continuously monitored on a computer. After 20-30 s, when the baseline signal reached to a certain level, varying amounts of the sample or standard solutions of analyte were injected into the test tube and the change in the progress of the CL reaction was monitored.

Keywords: chemiluminescence, Naringin P 474

Preconcentration of Cd(II) Using mesoporous organo-silicas and determination by graphite

furnace atomic absorption spectrometry Ali MOGHIMI* -Sepideh HASHEMI

1Department of Chemistry, Pishva Varamin Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

Abstract

A simple and reproducible method for the rapid extraction and determination of trace amounts of Cd(II) ions using mesoporous organo-silicas mesoporous silica and atomic absorption spectrometry is presented. Common coexisting ions did not interfere with the separation and determination. The preconcentration factor was 100 (1 ml elution volume) for a 100 ml sample volume. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 1.0 ng ml−1. The maximum sorption capacity of sorbent under optimum conditions has been found to be 5mg of Cd(II) per gram of sorbent. The relative standard deviation under optimum conditions was 2.8% (n = 10). Accuracy and application of the method was estimated by using test samples of natural and synthetic water spiked with different amounts of Cd(II) ion. Keywords: Preconcentration; Cd(II); mesoporous organo-silica ; Solid phase extraction; graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS)

P 475

Preconcentration ultra trace of Co(II) in water samples using Co(II)-imprinted

diazoaminobenzene–vinylpyridine copolymers and determination FAAS

Ali MOGHIMI 1* -Majid ABDOUS 2- Sepideh HASHEMI 1

1Department of Chemistry, Pishva Varamin Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

1Department of Chemistry, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Co(II) imprinted and non-imprinted copolymers were prepared by metal ion imprinted polymer (MIIP) technique. The copolymers were obtained by copolymerizing Cobalt chloride (or without it), diazoaminobenzene (DAAB) and vinylpyridine (VP) using ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker in the presence of 2,2'-azobisisobutryonitrile as initiator. The separation and preconcentration characteristics of the copolymers for Co(II) were investigated by batch and column procedures. The results demonstrated that the Co(II) imprinted copolymers had higher adsorption capacity with the value of 205 µmol g−1 of dry copolymer, about 3.5 times of and good selectivity for Co(II) compare to non-imprinted copolymers (58.6µmol g−1 of dry copolymer). The distribution ratio (D) values of the Co(II) imprinted copolymers increased for Co(II) with respect to both D values of Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), and non-imprinted copolymer. The relatively selective factor (αr) values of Co(II)/Cu(II), Co(II)/Zn(II), Co(II)/Fe(II), are 36.7, 51.8, 86.7 respectively. The tolerance limit for other electrolytes such as NaCl, KBr, KI, NaNO3, Na3 PO4, Na2SO4 and Mg(NO3)2 is also greatly improved with the values of 10–100-fold of the non-imprinted copolymer. The Co(II) imprinted copolymers can be used at least 20 times with recoveries no less than 96%. Based on the packed columns with Co(II) imprinted copolymers, a highly selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) and preconcentration method for Co(II) from dilute aqueous solution was developed. The MIIP-SPE preconcentration procedure showed a linear calibration curve within concentration range from 0.13 to 25µg l−1. The detection limit and quantification limit were 0.05 and 0.13 µgl−1 (3σ) for flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS). The relative standard deviation of the eleven replicate determinations was 2.6% for the determination of 1.0 µg of Co(II) in 100 ml water sample. Determination of Co(II) in certified Tap water and rain water demonstrated that the column was good enough for Co(II) determination in matrixes containing components with similar chemical property such as Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II). Keywords: Solid-phase extraction (SPE); Metal ion imprinted polymer (MIIP); Preconcentration; Co(II); flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS); Water P 476

New method for determination of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate in dishwashing liquid and

laundry powder by photoluminescence method Ali Gholami, Atefeh. Mohsenikia*2

Department of analytical chemistry, faculty of chemistry, university of kashan ,I.R.Iran

*Email:mohsenikia@kashanu.ac.ir.

167

Abstract Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate (LABS) is one

of the most important anionic surfactant that has many usages. Regarding this compound has many advantageous like Low price; High detergency so producer use this surfactant in detergent formulation. Over usage of this component makes skin allergies and its presence in excess in dishwashing liquid and laundry powder for hand is not desirable, So for decreasing some of allergy usually uses mixture of surfactants[1-2]. There for determination of this material is more importance in mixture of surfactants and additive compound. A variety of different methods for determination of LABS has been proposed .The simplest method for determination of anionic surfactant is two phase titration. Regarding some of limitations for determining surfactants in presence of each other, photoluminescence method is suitable and high selectivity for determining of LABS is proposed in detergent industry. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 50-600 ppm, and the calibration sensitivity is 1.34. The correlation coefficient (R2) for all calibration curves are more than 0.99. The detection limit (LOD) is 30ppm and this method used for determining LABS in real sample. The main advantages of the proposed method are no need separation and no usage chemo metrics method Keywords: Anionic Sulfonate, Detergent Industry, Determination, Photoluminescence Surfactant, Linear Alkyl Benzen P 477 Effect of Methanol on the Protolytic Properties

of the Some Vitamins B Group Shahram Lotfi 1*, Shokoufeh Ghahri Saremi

1,Jahanbakhsh Ghasemi 2 1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences,

Payam e Noor University (PNU) 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, KNT

University,Tehran Email:sh.lotfei@gmail.com

Abstract The apparent acid dissociation constants of three

water-soluble vitamins, thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2) and pyridoxal (vitamin B6) were determined spectrophotometrically in binary methanol-water mixtures at 25°C and an ionic strength of 0.1M KNO3. An accurate and sophisticated method based on chemometrical concepts was applied in order to determine acidity constants in binary mixtures solvent. For this purpose, spectral titration data were used. The protolytic equilibrium constants, spectral profiles, concentration diagrams and also the number of components has been calculated from the curve fitting of the pH-absorbance data with appropriate mass balance equations by an established factor analysis model. The computer program DATAN was used to extract the desired information from the

spectral data. The spectra were recorded in the range 225-500 nm in binary methanol-water mixtures. A glass electrode calibration procedure based on the four parameter equation pH=α+SpcH+JH+[H+]+ JOH−Kw/[H+] based on the Gran,s plots was used to obtain pH-readings in the concentration scale (pcH). There are linear relationships between acidity constants and the mole fraction of solvents in the mixtures. The effect of the solvent on the protolytic constants was discussed. Keywords: Vitamins B Group, DATAN, dissociation constants P 478

Buttonwood (Conocarpus Erectus) Leaf Powder:

Novel Adsorbent for Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions

Kamal Ghanemi*, Ammar Maryamabadi Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of

Oceanography, Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University, Khorramshahr, Iran

Email:kamalghanemi@yahoo.com Abstract

Adsorbents prepared from Buttonwood (Conocarpus Erectus) leaves were used to remove the malachite green (MG) from aqueous solutions in a batch reactor. The Button wood leaves were dried and powdered before use. The effects of initial pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent mass and contact time on dye removal have been determined. An initial pH of the solution in the range 6–10 was favourable for the malachite green removal for all temperatures. Study of process thermodynamics showed that adsorption process is endothermic (∆G°=-7.123 kJ/mol). Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were obtained and the important parameters calculated. These experimental studies have indicated that Buttonwood Leaf Powder (BLP) could be employed as low-cost alternatives in wastewater treatment for the removal of dyes. Keywords: Buttonwood, wastewater treatment, adsorption isotherm, Malachite Green P 479 Floatation-Spectrophotometric Determination of

Trace Amounts of Cobalt (II) Based on its Complex Formation with Alizarin Red S in

Buffer Media Sahram.Lotfi *a, Sabah Shiri b.Amir Nikjo a, ,

a Department of Chemistry,faculty of science,Payame Noor University(PNU) of

Gilangharb, Iran b Department of Chemistry,faculty of

science,Payame Noor University(PNU) of Ilam, Iran

Email:sh.lotfei@gmail.com

168

Abstract A novel and sensitive floatation-

spectrophotometric method is presented for the determination of trace amounts of Cobalt (II) in water samples. The method is based on the ion-associate formation between Cobalt(II), Alizarin red S at pH=10 media. The complex is floated in the interface of the aqueous phase and n-hexane by vigorous shaking. After removing the aqueous phase the floated particles are dissolved in methanol-0.1N HCl( 99/1 v/v%) and the absorbance is measured at 367nm. The influence of different important parameters such as Alizarin red S and surfactants concentration, pH, volume of n-hexane, standing time and interfering ions were evaluated. Under optimized conditions the calibration graph was linear in the range of 16–155 ng mL-1 of Cobalt(II) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9982. The limit of detection (LOD) calculated from three times of standard deviation of blank was 6.5 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the determination of 130 ng mL-1 (n=10) of Cobalt(II) was 3.89%. The method showed good linearity, recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Cobalt(II) in different water samples. Keywords: floatation-spectrophotometric, Cobalt(II), Alizarin red S, water samples. P 480

Study of the Complexation and Stability of Cd(II) with 1-Aza15-crown-5 Ligand in

Acetonitrile Solution by NMR and Spectrophotometry methods.

Mahmood Payeghadr*1 , Farzaneh Nourifard 2 1*Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University

(PNU), Karaj, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University

(PNU), Abhar, Iran E-mail : f.nourifard@yahoo.com

Abstract

Stability constants for the complexes of Cd(II) with the 1-aza- 15-crown-5 ligand in acetonitrile by conductometric titrations have been reported. In this paper, spectroscopic (UV-Vis and NMR) study of complexes of nitrate salt of Cd+2 in acetonitrile with 1-Aza15-crown-5 ligand at 25˚C was also undertaken to compare the results with those obtained by conductivity measurements, which were found to be in good agreement with each other. The complexation studies indicate 1:1 complex formation between the metal ion and macrocycle, the log KMLn+ values being in the range 2.5-4.

Keywords: Spectroscopic, Formation Constants, Crown ether, Complexation

P 481 The fluorescence quenching study of quinine in

presence of some anions Olia alijanpour*,Mohammad javad chaichi

Center of chemistry, Mazandaran university,Babolsar,Iran

E-mail:o.alijanpour@gmail.com

Abstract The quenching of quinine fluorescence

intensity with some anions in aqueous solution at ambient temperatures have been investigated.The quenching is found to be collisional or dynamical in nature The quenching follows linear Stern–Volmer relation.The values of Stern–Volmer quenching constants/quenching efficiency( Ksv) for halid aions and another anions are 2385,436,354,0 and ,1398,853,238,218 M-1 respectively. This study reveals the order of quenchers: NaI› NaBr › NaCl › NaF and K2Cr2O7› KMnO4›Na2SO4› NaClO3 Keywords: Quinine, Anions, Quenching P 482

Chemical composition of the leaf extraction from

the Tanacetum Polycephalum Dubsp. Duderanum as a

herbal plant in Iran A. Nezhadali*, M. Nabavi , M. Akbarpour

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Mashhsd, Iran

E-mail:aziz-nezhadali@yahoo.com Abstract

The chemical compositions of the plant extract obtained by ethanol and n-hexane(50% w/w) from the leaf of Tanacetum Polycephalum Ssubsp. Duderanum was analyzed by GC/MS and 13 compounds constituting of the extract were identified .The major components were, 1,8-cineole(1.34%), verbenol (2.48%), epoxylinalol (1.29%),p-cymene (29.68%), isopulegol(2.02%), α-humulene (4.2%), viridiflorol (14.35%) , caryphyllen oxid (6.38%), carotol (1.16%). It was found about 44.04% of the leaf extract for monoterpons and 27.59% for sesquitropens. The most amount of the extract was p-cymene(C10 H14). Keywords: Tanacetum Polycephalum, extract, chemical composition. P 483 Solid phase separation/ preconcentration of Cu

in environmental samples on surface functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for

flame atomic absorption spectrometry Nasser Dalali*, Marzieh Ashoori

Phase separation& FIA Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan University,

Zanjan 45195-3133, Iran * Email: Nasser_zn@yahoo.com

169

Abstract Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was

functionalized in acidic medium and used for solid phase extraction of copper prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The quantitative adsorption was achieved at pH6; the adsorbed analyte was then desorbed by eluting with 0.5 M HNO3. The influence of different parameters affecting the efficiency of recovery such as pH, type and volume of elution solvent, sample and eluent flow rates and diverse ions were optimized. The enrichment factor, dynamic linear range and detection limit were found to be 200, 7-500 µg l-1and 2.4 µg l-, respectively. A good precision for 50 µg l-1copper (2.4% R.S.D, n = 6) was obtained. The method was applied for copper determination in environmental samples. Keywords: Multi-walled carbon nanotube, Copper, Solid phase extraction. P 484

Ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction for preconcentration of silver prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic

absorption spectrometry Jamshid L.Manzoori, Mohammad Amjadi, Jafar

Abulhassani* Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail:dj.abul@yahoo.com Abstract

An effective and environmentally-friendly single drop microextraction method was developed for the preconcentration of ultra-traces of silver prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). A microdrop of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C6MIM][PF 6], was used for extraction of Ag ions as dithizone complex. The sensitivity was improved by increasing the suspended drop volume. Several variables affecting microextraction efficiency and ETAAS signal, such as pyrolysis and atomization temperature, dithizone concentration, extraction time, drop volume and stirring rate were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limit (3s) was 0.004 µg L-1 and the enrichment factor was 71. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for five replicate determinations of 0.1 µg L-1 Ag was 4.2 %. The developed method was validated by analysis of a certified reference material and applied to the determination of silver in water samples. Keywords: Ionic liquids, Single-drop microextraction; Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry; Silver; Preconcentration P 485

Ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-based microextraction for preconcentration of arsenic

prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Mohammad Amjadi, Jamshid L.Manzoori, Jafar Abulhassani*

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail:dj.abul @ yahoo.com Abstract

A novel ionic liquid-based microextraction methodology was developed for preconcentration of ultra-traces of arsenic prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). As(III) was extracted as ammonium pyrroldinedithiocarbamate (APDC) complex from 10 mL sample into a 50 µL-volume of ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, with the aid of sonication in an ultrasonic bath. Several variables affecting microextraction efficiency and ETAAS signal, such as pyrolysis and atomization temperature, pH, APDC concentration, volume of ionic liquid and sonication time were optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limit (3s) was 0.01 µg L-1 and the enhancement factor was 208. The relative standard deviation for six replicate determinations of 0.2 µg L-1 As(III) was 4.6 %. The method was validated by analysis of certified reference materials and applied to the determination of arsenic in water samples. The proposed procedure is effective, very simple and fast; it does not require cooling, centrifugation and other time-consuming steps. Keywords: Ionic liquids; Microextraction; Ultrasound; Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry; Arsenic.

P 486

Electrochemical synthesis of poly(N-

phenylglycine) and characterization of it by cyclic voltammetry

Akbar Bagheri*, Hadi Hosseini, Mahdi Safayi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science,

Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P. O. Box, 19395-4716 Tehran, Iran

E-mail: Dr.bagheri2008@yahoo.com

Abstract In this work, electrochemical polymerization of

an amino acid, N-phenylglycine (PG),by using glassy carbon (GC) electrode as working electrode, in 0.2 M HClO4/ NaClO4 aqueous solution has been introduced. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used for synthesis of the poly (N-phenylglycine) (PPG). Also electrochemical behavior of synthesized polymer was investigated by CV. To obtain the best conditions for electropolymerization method, different factors such as scan rate, potential range, type of doping agents, concentrations of monomer and doping agents were optimized using one-factor at a time. Polymerization of PG has been confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology of PPG film

170

was introduced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Keywords: Conductive Polymer, Electropolymerization, Cyclic voltammetry, Poly N-phenylglycine, Doping Agent, Monomer P 487

Evaluation of a low flow ion mobility

spectrometer and its coupling to fast gas chromatograph

S.Hajialigol*, A. Ghorashi, A. Torab pour, A.H. Alinoori

Engineering Research Institute, Engineering Research Center of Esfahan. Detector group

E-mail: S_hajialigol@yahoo.com

Abstract This article is intended to construction and

evaluation on new low flow mini ion mobility spectrometer coupled to fast gas chromatograph for decreasing consumption nitrogen drift and make up gas without loss of resolution. The hyphenated analytical method in which ion mobility spectrometry is coupled to gas chromatography (GC) provides a versatile alternative for the sensitive and selective detection of compounds after chromatographic separation. Keywords: Low Flow ion mobility spectrometer, fast Gas chromatography, GC/IMS

P 488

Potentiometric study of Cd2+ ion complexes with

pipirazine, dipicolinic acid and their proton transfer system in aqueous solution

Ardeshir Shokrollahi*, Somayyeh Derki, Azadeh Naghashian Haghighi

Chemistry Department, University of Yasouj, Yasouj 75918-79831, Iran

E-mail: ashokrollahi@mail.yu.ac.ir Abstract

In this work the protonation constants of piperazine (pipz) and pyridine-2,6 dicarboxylic acid (pydc), the equilibrium constants for pydc/pipz proton transfer system and the stoichiometry and stability of the system with Cd2+ ion in aqueous solution were investigated by potentiometric pH titrations. The stoichiometry of one of the most abundant complexed species in solution was found to be the same as that of the crystalline cadmium complex. P 489

Prediction of the Dubinin-Radushkevich’s k parameter for

the adsorption of organic vapor on BPL carbon by QSPR

M. H Fatemi*, M. Karimpour Chemometrics Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry,

Mazandaran University E-Mail: mhfatemi@umz.ac.ir

Abstract We propose a quantitave structure property

relationship (QSPR) treatment to model a diverse set of pure organic vapors including k parameters from the Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm equation .We obtained an appropriate five-variables model with R = 0.979 and Rloo = 0.857. Present work is one of the few QSPR attempts to model adsorption on a specific type of carbon. Keywords: Dubinin-Radushkevich parameter, Quantitave Structure Property Relationship ,

P 490

Simultaneous determination of chromium and

copper by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with inductively

coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry Vahid Khojeh, Hassan Sereshti*, Soheila Samadi

School of Chemistry, University college of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E mail: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work, the simultaneous preconcentration and determination of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) in water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were investigated. An effect of volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH, salt addition and concentration of the chelating agent on extraction recovery was characterized by fractional factorial design. The result showed that salt addition and volume of disperser solvent have not significant effect on the extraction efficiency. Central composite design was used for optimizing parameters level. Calibration graphs were linear in the range of (1-1000) µg L-1 for Cu, (1-750) µg L-1 for Cr and the correlation coefficient was 0.994 for Cu and Cr. The detection limits were 0.23 µg L-1 for Cr and 0.27 µg L-1 for Cu.

Keywords: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction , Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate

P 491

Determination of 1,4-dioxane in surfactant and

shampoo by headspace single drop microextraction followed by GC-FID

Mohammad Saraji*, Neda Shirvani Department of Analytical Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract In this paper a simple and efficient method for

quantitative analysis of 1,4-dioxane in surfactant and shampoo was described. In this method, 1,4-dioxane preconcentrated into a single drop of a convenient organic solvent, and then it was injected

171

to GC. Extraction conditions such as type of solvent, equilibrium and extraction time, concentration of salt, stirring rate, drop volume and temperature, that have significant influences on extraction efficiency, were optimized. LOD of the method was 0.2 mg/L and relative standard deviation (R.S.D, n=5) was smaller than 10 % in optimized conditions. Linearity range was from 0.5 to 50 mg/L. Keywords: Single drop microextraction, dioxane, GC-FID, shampoo P 492

Solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive

liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination for chlorobenzens in different

water samples Mohammad Rezaee, Yadollah Yamini*,

Mohammad Hosien Naeeni, Shahram Seidi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran E-mail: yyamini@modares.ac.ir

Abstract

A novel approach for the determination of five chlorobenzenes (CBs) in different water samples is presented. Analytes were extracted from the matrix and transferred to a small volume of a high density, water insoluble solvent using solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Variables affecting the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated and their effects on the efficiency of the whole sample preparation process are discussed. Under optimized conditions, 50 mL of water sample were first concentrated using a C18 cartridge and then target compounds were eluted with 1.5 mL of acetonitrile. The extract was mixed with 20 µL of chlorobenzene as a extraction solvent and the blend added to 5 mL of ultra pure water. After centrifugation, 2 µL of the settled organic phase was injected into by gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (FID). The method provided preconcentration factors (PFs) around 3500 times and an improved selectivity in comparison with SPE was observed. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0.5-100 µg L-1 for most of analytes and the limits of detection (LODs) were less than 0.3 µg L-1 for most of the analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for most of CBs were below 7%. The optimized procedure was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of CBs in different water samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

P 493

Extraction and Purification of Flavonoid from

Zosimia absinthifolia (Vent.) Link. a , Farshid Salimi a, Nooshin Aslanyan a, ٭ Zahra

Shoaei a , Ali Shafaghat a Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract Flavonoids are secondary metabolites produced

mainly in plants and fruits. Their biological activities have an impact on human health so that they serve as target molecules to develop new drugs. From methanolic extract of aerial parts of Zosimia absinthifolia (Vent.) Link. (Umbelliferae) collected from Ardabil province of Iran, one flavonoid namely 4- ethoxy naringenin (compound 1) has been isolated by Column Chromatography (CC) and preparative TLC. Its structure was elucidated by 1H, 13C- NMR and IR spectra. P 494

Development and optimization of needle trap extraction method for determination of some haloalkanes in aqueous samples by headspace

process and gas chromatography Habib Bagheri 1, Mohammad reza Gouya*2, Ali

rostaii 3 1,3Department of Chemistry, Sharif University

of Technolog, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Saveh branch, Saveh, Iran E-mail: MRG5438@gmail.com

Abstract

At this method determination of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons, namely dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), chloroform (CHCl3), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 1,2-dichloroethane (C2H4Cl2), in water samples were developed using headspace and needle trap extraction (NTE) gas chromatography. Some factors, affecting the NTE process, such as temperature, salting-out effect, pump effect, adsorption and desorption times and temperature and stirring have been evaluated and optimized. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained when sampling was performed at 60 °C, salt percent was 20, maximum stir, adsorption and desorption times were 10 min and 2 min, respectively, desorption temperature was 170 °C and pump flow 8 ml.min-1. Precision, calculated as %R.S.D. at three different concentration levels was within 0.5–7%. Percent adsorption for CCl4 was

highest 50± 5%.

Keywords: needle trap extraction, NTE, haloalkane, gas chromatography

P 495

Chemometric analysis of gas chromatographic retention data of pesticides

Zahra Garkani-Nejad* and Fathiyeh Salehfard Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-

Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran Email: garakani@mail.vru.ac.ir

Abstract

Quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) models were built for a data set consisting of 118 molecules of pesticide residues in tea and

172

used to predict their gas chromatographic (GC) retention times (tR). Multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least square (PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN) have been applied to build different QSRR models. Then, obtained results using these methods (MLR, PLS, ANN) have been compared for GC retention time (tR) values of pesticide residues in tea. In this work, artificial neural networks with five different weight update function have been considered. The best artificial neural network model was a Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) back propagation network. The best model based on the whole data set derived from ANN model appears to have the best prediction power with R=0.988 and SE= 0.572 for this data set. Keywords: Quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR); retention times (tR); pesticide; artificial neural network (ANN)

P 496

Determination of phenols using fluorescence intensity of

resazurin M. Heidarpour*, S.N. Azizi and J. Chaichi

Faculty of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract

Effect of phenols and their concentration on fluorescence intensity of resazurin were investigated. Spectral investigation of resazurin solution containing a series phenol compounds showed lower intensity at 658 nm and some others phenol compounds showed higher intensity at 658 nm as compared to pure methanolic solution of resazurin. It has been observed that fluorescence intensity was dependent from concentration of phenols and the variation of fluorescence intensity could be used for determination of phenol in both quenching and enhancing region LOD for determination of different phenol in the quenching region were obtained from Stern-Volmer diagram of resazurin. Keywords: phenol; phenol compounds; resazurin; Fluorescence quenching; Fluorescence enhancing; Stern-Volmer plot P 497

Electrochemical oxidation of catechols in the presence N-aceteylcysteine: Kinetic study by digital simulation of cyclic voltammograms

D. Nematollahi*1, R. Pourghobadi, 2 H. Shayani-Jam 1

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bu-Ali-Sina, Hamedan,

Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Graduate School, Azad

University, Arak, Iran E-mail: nemat@basu.ac.ir

Abastract Electrochemical oxidation of catechols has been

studied in the presence of N-aceteylcysteine in aqueous solution, by means of cyclic voltammetry. Based on an EC'(catalytic) mechanism, the homogeneous rate constants were estimated by comparing the experimental cyclic voltammetric responses with the digital simulated results. P 498

Graphite-like carbon film electrode for the

stripping voltammetric analysis of lead A. Rouhollahi*, M. Hadi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: rouhollahi@kntu.ac.ir Abstract

Graphite-like carbon film electrode fabricated by the chemical vapor deposition method on the graphite rod substrate was used to investigate the possibility of detecting lead by differential pulse anodic striping voltammetery (DPASV) in the absence of mercury film. The preconcentration conditions (deposition potential, deposition time) were optimized for the determination of lead in aqueous solution. A linear dependence of lead stripping current peak with the concentration in submicromolar level was obtained. The graphite-like carbon film electrode exhibited a significant sensitivity for the determination of lead, indicating that this electrode have a great potential for tracing lead in aqueous solution. P 499 The Corrosion Inhibition Study of Stainless Steel 304 in Acid Solution Containing 2-[({2-[(2-{[(Z)-

1-(2 hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}phenyl)disulf

anyl]phenyl} imino)methyl]phenol by Electrochemical Methods

M. Behpour, S.M. Ghoreishi, N. Mohammadi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran Abstract

The effect of new synthesized S2N2-Schiff base containing sulphur and nitrogen is investigated on Stainless Steel 304 corrosion in acidic media. The potentiodynamic polarization curves of the steel in hydrochloric acid containing these compounds show both cathodic and anodic processes of the steel corrosion but this inhibitor has somewhat greater influence on the anodic process. Moreover, double layer capacitance and charge transfer resistance values are derived from Nyquist plots obtained from AC impedance studies. The inhibition efficiency of this Schiff base increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The results from potentiodynamic polarization and impedance measurements are in good agreement. The results show that this compound has good inhibiting

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properties for Stainless Steel 304 corrosion in acidic media. The results show that Langmuir adsorption isotherm is suitable to fit experimental data of the studied inhibitor. The negative value of ∆Gºada, indicate inhibitor strongly adsorbed on the Stainless Steel 304 surface.

Keywords: Corrosion inhibition; Stainless Steel 304; HCl; Schiff base; Impedance. P 500

Effect of temperature on inhibition of some

Schiff base compounds containing disulfide bond on mild steel in hydrochloric acid

M. Behpour, S.M. Ghoreishi, N. Mohammadi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran

Abstract To emphasize the nature of adsorption, the

effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of metal in acid media is studied. In this work, The inhibiting properties of some Schiff base compounds containing disulfide bond are investigated in case of mild steel corrosion in acid media. The weight loss measurements are performed at different temperatures in the absence and presence of (1×10-3) M inhibitors after 1 h of immersion time. According to the Arrhenius equation, activation energy of metal dissolution in both media can be calculated from the slope of the Arrhenius curve. The results show that the inhibitor efficiency increases with temperature and the activation energy is lower in the presence of inhibitor. The lower activation energy in presence of inhibitor is indication for chemisorption of inhibitors on the surface of mild steel. Keywords: Inhibitor, Mild steel, Temperature effect, weight loss P 501

A novel carbon potentiometric sensor for

determination of diazepam in pharmaceutical preparations

M. Najafi*, A. Arjmandinejad, N. Gorbani Jeiran, M. Rahimi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran. mnajafi@ihu.ac.ir Abstract

A novel modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) based on the complex of diazepam-tetraphenylborate was applied for potentiometric determination of diazepam in pharmaceutical preparations. The electrode showed a near nernesteian slope of 54.4±0.4 mv per decade between concentrations rang of 5×10-5-1×10-2. The electrodes have a fast response time (~5s), a satisfactory reproducibility, and relatively long lifetime responses. This chemically modified carbon paste electrode was successfully used for the

determination of diazepam in pharmaceutical preparations.

P 502

Application of a Newly Synthesized Dioxime Derivative to Develop and Characterize an Electrochemical Nickel(II)–selective Sensor

Abdollah Yari 1, Mostafa Mohamadi 2 1– Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Falakalaflak Street 68137-17133, Khorramabad–IRAN; a.yari@ymail.com

2– Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Khouzestan, Ahvaz–IRAN

Abstract

In this work, the suitability of a dioxime derivative, (2E,3E)-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione dioxime, as a neutral ionophore for the preparation of a PVC membrane electrode, is investigated for nickel(II) ion in solution. The prepared membrane exhibits a Nernstian response (28.2 ± 0.1 mV decade-1) for Ni2+ ion over a wide concentration range (6.3 × 10-7 to 1.1 × 10-1 M) with a detection limit of 5.4 × 10-7 M. At a working pH range of 4.0 – 6.5, the proposed electrode revealed very good selectivity for Ni2+ ion over a wide variety of other cations. Besides a relatively fast response of <60 s the sensor could be used, without any considerable divergence in potentials, for at least 3 months. It was successfully applied as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of nickel(II) ion with EDTA, and in the determination of Ni2+ in some water samples. Keywords: Dioxime; Ion–selective electrode; Nickel(II); Potentiometry; PVC membrane. P 503

Carbon paste electrode modified by nickel titanate nanopowders for the determination of

carbidopa in biological fluids and pharmaceutical samples

S.A.R. Azari a, M. Javanbakht a,*, M. Enhessari b, M.R. Ganjali c, P. Norouzi c

a Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Javanbakht@aut.ac.ir

b Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Naragh Branch, Naragh, Iran

c Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The aim of this work was to obtain a differential pulse voltammetric method for the carbidopa determination at a carbon paste electrode, chemically modified with nickel titanate, NiTiO3, nanopowders. The voltammmetric procedure comprised differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at scan rate 0.01 V s-1 and potential amplitude 0.001 V in potential range 200 to 1200 mV. The factors, influencing the detection performance, were optimized including the modifier quantity in the

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paste, the electrolyte concentrations, the solution pH and the potential amplitude. The resulting electrode demonstrated a linear response over a wide range of carbidopa concentration (0.1 -10 µmol dm-3). The detection limit was found to be 0.07 µmol dm-3 on the basis of a signal to noise ratio of 3. The precision for four determinations of 1 and 5 µmol dm-3 carbidopa was 4.5% and 3.3% (relative standard deviation), respectively. Application of the procedure to the determination of carbidopa in pharmaceutical tablets and human serum samples were recoveries between 97.6 to 101.6% and 98.2 and 97.5%, respectively. P 504 Electrocatalytic investigation of L-Tyrosine at a

carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotube

Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi* , Mohsen Behpour , Mona Delshad

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran Abstract

This article reports the highly selective and sensitive L-Tyrosine (Tyr) quantification in PBS (pH=3) on carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). It was found that Tyr could be catalytically oxidized with diffusion-controlled characteristics at this modified electrode, which could be applied for analytical sensitivity in practical sample. The electrocatalytic currents increase linearly with Tyr concentration in the ranges of 4×10-7 -1×10-4 M and the detection limit for Tyr was 1×10-7 M, also by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the detection limit of Tyr was 6.9×10-8 M.

P 505

Preparation of a New Sensor for Determination

of Tartrazine in Real Samples based on Gold Nano Particles Carbon Paste Electrode Mahshid Golestaneh, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi*,

Mohsen Behpour Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran E-mail: m.golestaneh@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

A simple, rapid, convenient, and sensitive voltammetric method was developed and validated for trace determination of Tartrazine (T). A gold nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode (nAu-CPE) was fabricated and used for sensitive determination of T by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The overall analysis involved a two-step procedure: an accumulation step under open-circuit conditions, followed by voltammetric measurements of T in a 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH = 4.0. The experimental conditions, such as the pH, accumulation time, scan rate and modulation

amplitude were optimized. under optimized experimental conditions, a sensitive linear voltammetric response for T was obtained for the concentration range of 5.0×10−8 to 1.0×10−6 mol L-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.995, and the detection limit T was found to be 2.0×10−9 mol L-1 using DPV. The proposed voltammetric approach was also applied to the determination of the T concentration in soft drinks with good accuracy. P 506

Electrochemical Determination of Sunset Yellow in Soft Drinks using a Carbon Paste Electrode

Modified with Gold Nano Particles Mahshid Golestaneh, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi*,

Mohsen Behpour Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran E-mail: m.golestaneh@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

The essential propose of current work was the optimization and characterization of a method for the determination of sunset yellow (S) added to soft drinks. Results of cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV) using gold nano particles modified carbon paste electrode (nAu/ CPE) in a 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH = 9.0 show a well defined anodic peak for the oxidation of S. Based on this, a novel electrochemical method was developed for the determination of S. High sensitivity and selectivity, sub-micromolar detection limit, high reproducibility, regeneration of the electrode surface by simple polishing; make the electrode very suitable for the determination of S in soft drinks. Under the optimum pH of 9.0 in 0.1 mol L-1 PBS, the DPV anodic peak current showed a linear relation versus S concentration in the range of 5.0×10-8 to 1.3×10-6 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 3.0×10-9 (signal to noise = 3). This method has been applied to the determination of S in concentration in soft drinks with good accuracy. P 507

Flow potentiometric by Coated wire sensor for

determination Cu2+ based on 1-5 diphenylthiocarbazone.(dithizone)

Mehdi Hashami and Payman Tabaie*

Chemistry department, Bu Ali university, Hamedan, Iran

E-mail: paym_260@yahoo.com

Abstract The potentiometric behavior of a coated wire

electrode based on dithizone (as ionophor), polyvinylchloride (as matrix) and diocthylphthalate (as plasticizer) for Cu(II) ion was investigated. The influence of membrane composition, ionic strength and pH of test solution was investigated. The electrode exhibits a good response for Cu(II) in the concentration range 1×10-6- 0.1 M with a slope

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29.5±1 mv/decade. The electrode has a response time between "20-30s" and can be used for a period of 9 weeks with a good reproducibility. The detection limit of the purposed electrode is 3×10-7 M. Investigation of the interferences show that electrode is highly selective for Cu(II). Also, the behavior of the electrode in a flow potentiometric system with a micro cell was investigated. The obtained results show that this electrode can be successfully used for flow systems. The applications of the electrode for potentiometric titration of Cu with EDTA and flow potentiometric based on relationship of titrant flow-rate and amount of sample have been shown. P 508

A Novel Hydrogen Peroxide Electrochemical

Sensor Based on Iron Nitroprusside Nanoparticles Modified Electrode

Habib Razmi*, Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei Electrochemistry Research Lab., Faculty of

Sciences, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, Tabriz, I.R. Iran

E-mail: h.razmi@azaruniv.edu Abstract

A novel electrochemical sensor was developed for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) based on iron pentacyanonitrosylferrate (FePCNF) modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE). The electrode was prepared by immersing of iron-doped carbon-ceramic electrode surface into the sodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate, Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] solution and derivatized by cycling the electrode potential between -0.2 V and 1.3 V for about 60 cycles. The morphology and the composition of the FePCNF|CCE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. By using cyclic voltammetry (CV) method various experimental parameters influencing the electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode were optimized. The electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide was studied by CV and chronoamperometry. The modified electrode responded linearly to H2O2 in the range 0.5 - 1300 µM with a detection limit of 0.4 µM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The sensitivity was found to be 848.7 A M-1 cm-2. P 509

Electrochemical determination of Tryptophan at the surface of a graphite electrode modified with

multi-walled carbon nanotubes S.M. Ghoreishi*, M. Behpour,S.Mosavi

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan,kashan,I.R.IRAN

Abstract

A multi-walled carbon nanotubes film coated graphite electrode (MWCNT-GE) was fabricated, and the electrochemical oxidation of

Tryptophan(Trp) was studied in Phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV). A sensitive linear voltammetric response for Trp was obtained for the concentration range of 6×10-7 to 2×10−4 M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9955, and the detection limit was found to be 6.5×10-8 M using DPV. The RSD was 2.7%, suggesting that the film electrode has excellent day-to-day reproducibility. P 510

Kinetic study of electrodeposition of Ni–Co–Cu

alloy on Si Majid bagherzadeh*, Ruholla Hafizi, Mohammad

Ebrahim Ghazi, Morteza Izadi Fard Department of Physics, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, I.R. Iran E-mail: m.baqerzadeh@gmail.com

Abstract

Electrodeposition of Ni–Co–Cu alloys were performed in sulphate-citrate solution on Si wafer. Potentiodynamic measurements and potentiostatic transients recorded during electrodeposition of alloy. Results of the cyclic voltammograms clearly showed that nickel ions was controlled by a kinetic process, where as copper and cobalt ions were reduced under diffusion-controlled. Chronoamperometry analyses revealed that at cathodic potentials more than -1.2 V versus SCE, the clear current decay after the maximum due to the depletion of electroactive species near the electrode. Atomic absorption measurments indicated that with increasing potentials to -1.65 V, Cu concentration in alloy reduced but Co, Ni concentration increased. P 511 A Novel Method for Determination of Citrate Based on Nanostructure Thiol Functional Self-assembled Monolayer Modified by Zr(IV) ion

Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Mostafa Torabi Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan,

Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran E-Mail: rkarimi@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

Preparation, characterization of a new sensor for the determination of citrate is described by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and squarewave voltammetry (SWV) in the presence of an appropriate redox probe. The sensor was based on ionic adsorption of citrate on Zr(IV) immobilized on gold–mercaptopropionicacid self-assembled monolayer (Au–MPA–Zr(IV)-citrate SAM) electrode. P 512

Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of nano-MnO2 modified glassy carbon electrode

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Habib. Razmi*, Akbar. Rezaei Electrochemistry Research Lab., Faculty of

Sciences, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, Tabriz, I.R. Iran

E-mail: rezaei1034@yahoo.com Abstract

Layered manganese dioxide (MnO2) films intercalated with alkali cations such as k+, were synthesized on the surface of glassy carbon electrode from an aqueous MnSO4 (2 mM) solution containing KNO3 (50 mM) as supporting electrolyte. The morphology of the electrodeposited oxide films have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which showed nano-sized spherical particles consist of perplexed nanowires. Redox activity of the solid film involving intercalation / deintercalation of K+ cations was studied in details. P 513 Application of various chemometrics methods to simultaneous determination of anti-asthma drugs

Vali Zare-Shahabadi*

1 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University of Mahshahr, Mahshahr, Iran. E-mail: valizare@gmail.com

Abstract

In this study, simultaneous spectrophotometry determination of two anti-asthma drugs (guaifenesin and theophylline) in pharmaceuticals by chemometric approaches has been reported. Spectra of mixtures of these drugs were recorded and corresponding first derivatives were calculated. Partial least squares regression (PLS) alone and ant colony optimization (ACO) coupled with PLS were used to analysis of the data. Ant colony system (ACS) as an efficient ACO algorithm was used. In addition, ACS was combined to genetic algorithm (GA) to produce better results. The analytical performances of these chemometric methods were characterized by relative prediction errors. These methods were successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulation. Keywords: Anti-asthma drug; theophylline; guaifenesin; PLS; ant colony optimization. P 514

Comparison PCR, PLS and OSC-PLS Methods

Approaches for Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of 2-

Aminothiazole, 2-Aminobenzothiazole and 2- Mercaptobenzothiazole in water samples

Habibollah Khajehsharifi*, Samaneh Soleimanzadegan, Neda Sareban

*Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail address: khajeh_h@yahoo.com

Abstract Three multivariate calibration models, principal

component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS) and orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) were applied to spectrophotometric data for simultaneous determination of 2-Aminothiazole (2-AT), 2-Aminobenzothiazole (2-AB) and 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MB) in synthetic and spiked real samples of river, tap water and industrial wastewater. Calibration model is based on absorption spectrums in the range of 200-340 nm for 36 different mixtures from three analytes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.30-1.00, 0.50-1.67 and 0.45-1.50 µg ml-1

for 2-AT, 2-AB and 2-MB, respectively. The models were optimized by using a cross-validation process. The results indicate that OSC-PLS using selected spectrophotometric data offer superior predictive performance. The number of principal component of 2-AT, 2-AB and 2-MB for this method were 4, 4 and 3, respectively. Also prediction error sum of squares (PRESS) were 0.0066, 0.0066 and 0.0031 and the root mean standard error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.0218, 0.0217 and 0.0150 for 2-AT, 2-AB and 2-MB, respectively.

Keywords: PCR, PLS, OSC-PLS, Simultaneous Determination, 2-Aminothiazole, 2-Aminobenzothiazole, 2- Mercaptobenzothiazole

P 515

Comparison PCR, PLS and OSC-PLS Methods

Approaches for Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of 2-

Aminothiazole, 2-Aminobenzothiazole and 2- Mercaptobenzothiazole in water samples

Habibollah Khajehsharifi1, Samaneh Soleimanzadegan, Neda Sareban

1Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail address: khajeh_h@yahoo.com Abstract

Three multivariate calibration models, principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS) and orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares (OSC-PLS) were applied to spectrophotometric data for simultaneous determination of 2-Aminothiazole (2-AT), 2-Aminobenzothiazole (2-AB) and 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MB) in synthetic and spiked real samples of river, tap water and industrial wastewater. Calibration model is based on absorption spectrums in the range of 200-340 nm for 36 different mixtures from three analytes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.30-1.00, 0.50-1.67 and 0.45-1.50 µg ml-1

for 2-AT, 2-AB and 2-MB, respectively. The models were optimized by using a cross-validation process. Also prediction error sum of squares (PRESS) were 0.0066, 0.0066 and 0.0031 and the

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root mean standard error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.0218, 0.0217 and 0.0150 for 2-AT, 2-AB and 2-MB, respectively. P 516

Application of Partial Least-Squares in Simultaneous Determination of dopamine and

serotonin in biological fluids Habibollah Khajehsharifi*, Zahra Eskandari, M.

Tahmooresi Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University,

Yasouj, Iran E-mail: khajeh_h@yahoo.com

Abstract

For the first time, the use of multivariate spectrophotometric calibration for simultaneous determination of dopamine and serotonin is presented. Because of spectral overlapping, the simultaneous determination of these compounds is difficult, so the partial least-squares (PLS) model was used for construction of the calibration sets containing DOP and SER in the concentration range of 1.89–64.34 and 2.12–79.69 µg mL-1, respectively. The absorption spectra were recorded from 200–400 nm. The NPC for DOP and SER were 6 and 3, the RMSEP for DOP and SER were 1.2233 and 1.7724, respectively. The method was successful for simultaneous determination of these compounds in urine, serum and plasma.

Keywords: Dopamine , Serotonin , Chemometrics , UV/Vis spectroscopy , Simultaneous determination P 517

Potentiality of PLS multivariate calibration in the spectrophotometric analysis of binary

mixtures of Purine bases Habibollah Khajehsharifi*, Zahra Eskandari

Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail: khajeh_h@yahoo.com Abstract

A partial least-squares (PLS) modeling was developed for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of AD (Adenine) and Guanine (GU). Determination of these analytes is pharmacologically necessary. Multivariate calibration is used because of spectral overlapping. The calibration set containing AD and GU was in the concentration range of 1.4–20.3 and 1.5–25.7 µg mL-1 respectively. The absorption spectra were recorded from 200–300 nm. The PRESS for AD and GU were 0.0500 and 0.4000 respectively. The RMSEP for AD and GU were 0.0913 and 0.2582 respectively. The limits of detection were 0.02 and 0.03 µg mL -1 for AD and GU respectively. The proposed method allows the simultaneous determination of AD and GU in spiked real matrixes of human's urine, serum and plasma.

Keywords: Adenine, Guanine, Chemometrics, UV/Vis spectroscopy, Simultaneous determination , DNA P 518

A Novel Approach to Modeling the Selectivity

Coefficients of Metallic Cations Using Quantum Mechanical Calculations and Chemometrics

S. Riahi a,b*, S. Shahabi b, S. Soleymani b, M.R. Ganjali b, P. Norouzi b

a Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail address: riahisv@khayam.ut.ac.ir Abstract

For the first time, the QSPR study was performed on the selectivity coefficients of a cation-selective electrode by MLR modeling technique. As a result, a simple and highly predictive linear model consisting of two descriptors was obtained for the description of selectivity coefficients of 29 interfering cations for a membrane Ag+-selective electrode based on 2-methyl-2,4-di(2-thienyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine (MTHB) as a membrane carrier. The quantum-mechanical calculations were used to generate required descriptors for this study. In this method the descriptors were calculated for the carrier instead of direct calculation for interferences, by considering the effects of each cation on the carrier structure. Among 29 existing cations, 23 objects were used for the model construction, while the predictability of the constructed model was evaluated via an external test set consisting of 6 objects. The squared regression coefficients of the calibration and the test sets are 0.905, 0.953 and the SDEC and SDEP values are 0.289 and 0.214 respectively, implying the good ability of the model to estimate and predict the selectivity coefficients of the selective electrode. In addition, the special manner in which each descriptor affects the selectivity coefficient was discussed. Keywords: Selectivity coefficient; QSPR; Chemometrics; DFT calculations; SBKJC P 519

Spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of xanthine, hypoxanthine and allantoin in real

matrix by partial least squares Habibollah Khajehsharifi*, Zahra Eskandari

Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail: khajeh_h@yahoo.com Abstract

The simultaneous determination of xanthine (XA), hypoxanthine (HXA) and allantoin (AL) mixture with the use of spectrophotometric methods is a difficult task in analytical chemistry, because of

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the spectral interferences. Partial least squares (PLS) modeling, as a powerful multivariate statistical tool was applied to the spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of these substances. The concentration ranges for XA, HXA and AL were 3.0-24.3, 2.7-19.0 and 3.2-63.2 µg mL-1, respectively. The experimental calibration set consisted of 36 sample solutions with a mixture design for three component mixtures. The absorption spectra were recorded from 220-320 nm. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for xanthine, hypoxanthine and allantoin were 0.6899, 0.4460 and 0.6804, respectively. This procedure allowed the simultaneous determination of XA, HXA and AL in human urine, serum and plasma.

Keywords: Spectrophotometric, Partial least squares, Chemometrics, Xanthine, Hypoxanthine, Allantoin P 520 Simultaneous estimation of stability constants of coordination compounds using models based on

molecular descriptors Zahra Garkani-Nejad* and Mohammad Ahmadvand Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-

Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran E-mail: garakani@mail.vru.ac.ir

Abstract

The aim of the present work is development of a model for prediction of stability constants of a series of Co, Cu, Ni and Zn complexes, simultaneously. Such model enables to make reliable prediction of the stability constants for unknown complexes and to elucidate the structural factors determining the stability of complexes. At the present work, the quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models for the stability constants (log K) are obtained by selecting descriptors from a wide diversity of constitutional, functional groups, topological and quantum chemical descriptors. Then, linear and nonlinear methods such as multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural networks with Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation algorithm (ANN-LM) were used to investigate the correlation between stability constant (log K) and molecular descriptors of studied compounds. In this work, a suitable small subset of descriptors has been selected that is able to predict the stability constants of different complexes. Comparison of the results indicated that ANN-LM model has better predictive power than other methods. Keywords: Stability constant; Coordination compounds; quantitative structure–property relationship; Molecular descriptors P 521

QSRR for PCBs congeners using Chemometrics

methods

Mohammad Danandeh-Jenagharad*, Morsal Khozuei

Department of Basic Science, Payame Noor University Ardabil Center, Iran

Email: mdg_ir@yahoo.com Abstract

The quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) was applied for modeling and predicting the retention times of the polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. The suitable sets of molecular descriptors were calculated and the important descriptors were selected with the aid of the genetic algorithm and stepwise multiple regression methods. At first Genetic algorithm-multi parameter linear regression (GA-MLR) and genetic algorithm-artificial neural network (GA-ANN) models were applied for prediction and R2 were obtained 0.982, 0.983 respectively. Then multi descriptors were used for increasing the power of model using SW-MLR and GA-MLR. A comparison between the attained results indicated the superiority of the genetic algorithm over the stepwise multiple regression method in the feature-selection. The simple GA-MLR model with two selected descriptors was obtained. The models were validated using Leave-One-Out (LOO) and Leave-Group-Out (LGO) Cross-Validation, and Y- randomization test. The statistical measures such as R2, Q2, and F value of this model were 0.986, 0.986 and 5881.823 respectively, revealing the credibility of the model.

Keywords: QSRR, Genetic algorithm, Stepwise linear regression, Retention time, Polychlorinated biphenyl P 522 Chemometrics based application of ultrasound-

assisted emulsification microextraction in Determination of thymol in mouthwash

Hassan Sereshti *, Yahya Izadmanesh, Soheila Samadi

School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran E-mail: sereshti@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

Ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (USAEME-GC-FID) applied for determination of thymol in mouthwash and some of analytical characteristics of proposed method were assessed. Four selected parameters including emulsification time, temperature, salt effect and extraction solvent volume, were put into full factorial design (FFD) and significance or insignificance of them characterized. In the next step, significant parameters were optimized by central composite design (CCD). The R-square value was 0.99 and enrichment factor was 113. The limit of detection was 16 ppb.

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Keywords: Full factorial design, Central composite design, ultrasonic assisted emulsification microextraction, Thymol P 523

Theoretical and quantitative structural

relationships of the electrochemical properties of [M@C82]@[SWCNT(5,5)-armchair-CnH20]

(M=La, Y and n=20-300) nanostructure complexes

Avat (Arman) Taherpour* Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic

Azad University Toyserkan Branch, Toyserkan, Iran.

Email: avatarman.taherpour@gmail.com Abstract

Carbon nanotubes are either single-walled (SWCNT) or multi-walled, and the former attract more attention due to their unique electronic, optical and spectroscopic properties. Endohedral metalofullerenes of the form M@Cx were introduced as an important class of spherical fullerene group with unique properties. Formation of endohedral metallofullerenes is thought to involve the transfer of electrons from the encapsulated metal atom(s) to the surrounding fullerene cage. Two of these molecules are La@C82 (a) and Y@C82 (b). To establish a good understand of structural relationship between the structures of the molecules La@C82, Y@C82 and [SWCNT(5,5)-armchair-CnH20] (n=20-190) 1-18, the number of carbon atoms (n) of the SWCNTs was used as one of the useful numerical and structural electrochemical properties of the unsaturated compounds. The relationships between this index and the first and second free energies of electron transfer (∆Get(n), n=1,2), as assessed using the ET equation on the basis of the first and second oxidation potentials (oxE1 and oxE2) of La@C82 and Y@C82 for the predicted supramolecular complexes, between 1-18 and 19-29 with the endohedral-metalofullerenes La@C82 and Y@C82 as [M@C82]@[SWCNT(5,5)-armchair-CnH20] (M=La, Y and n=20-190, 30-47 and 48-65) are presented. Keywords: Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Fullerenes; Endohedral methalofullerenes; Molecular modeling. P 524

Prediction of Retention Time of Pesticides in Malt Beverages Using Linear and Nonlinear

Chemometrics Methods Mehdi Nekoei,1* M. Mohammadhosseini 1, M.

Farjami Nezhad 2

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood

branch, Shahrood, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University,

Ardebil branch, Ardebil, Iran E-mail: m_nekoei1356@yahoo.com

Abstract Linear and nonlinear quantitative structure–

property relationship (QSPR) models for the prediction of retention time of pesticides in malt beverages were developed based on a diverse dataset with 123 organic compounds by using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN). Then, the suitable set of the molecular descriptors was calculated and the important descriptors were selected using stepwise regression method. Stepwise multiple linear regression and non-linear artificial neural network were performed to build the models. The statistical parameters by multiple linear model (R2 = 0.918) indicated satisfactory stability and predictive ability, while the predictive ability of ANN model is somewhat superior (R2 = 0.954 for the test set). Comparison the results of these two methods reveals that those obtained by the ANN model are much better. Keywords: QSPR- MLR- ANN-pesticide- malt beverage P 525

Simple and highly predictive QSPR method

for prediction of the selectivity coefficients for the MIP based potentiometric sensor using

artificial neural network

M.R. Sohrabi 1, P. Nezakati 1*, M. Javanbakht 2, H. Pasdar 1

1Islamic Azad University, North Branch, Tehran, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: pnezakati@yahoo.com Abstract

A MIP based potentiometric sensor has the ability of discriminating between hydroxyzine and the other metabolits with similar structure, being present in urine (e.g.cetrizine). A QSPR study was applied to provide a model to predict the matched potential method (MPM) selectivity coefficients for the hydroxyzine ion-selective sensor by relating the

structures of compounds to their log,

MPMK

Hyd X.In

order to calculate the theoretical descriptors, molecular structures were sketched with Hyperchem version 6.0. Theoretical molecular descriptors were calculated by Dragon 2.1 software. A genetic algorithm was written in MATLAB (version 7.5, Math Works Inc.) environment was used to select the best subset of descriptors. 15 descriptors were used as input for generated 15-5-1 artificial neural network (ANN). For validation of the constructed model by ann, cross validation and external validation procedures were utilized. The proposed method, due to low values of root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) and relative error of prediction set (REP) has a high predictive ability and could be useful aid to the costly and time-consuming experiments for determining the

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selectivity coefficients for the MIP based potentiometric sensor.

Keywords: Quantitative structure-property relationship; Artificial neural network; Genetic algorithm; theoretical descriptors P 526

Application of artificial neural networks for

predicting the specific rotation of some alcohols Aiyoub Parchehbaf Jadid 1

1Department of Applied Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran.

Email: ayob.parchehbaf@gmail.com Abstract

Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) suggested for the model creation and calculation of specific optical rotation(R) of alcohols. A data set of 59 alcohol molecules was selected. Architecture of network was as 8-3-1. The results showed that the relationship between R of alcohols and their molecular descriptors is a non linear equation. Descriptor selection was done using genetic algorithm method.

Keywords: Specific optical rotation; QSPR; Artificial neural network; Alcohol P 527

Insilico prediction of melting point for ionic

liquids Parisa Izadiyan*, Mohammad Hossein Fatemi

Laboratory of Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R.Iran

E-mail: izadiyanp@gmail.com Abstract

In this work, quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR) [1], were used to predict melting points of 62 ionic liquids (ILs), which include aminium, pyrrolidinium, imidazolium, pyridinium, piperidinium, phosphonium ionic liquid salts. ILs’ structures were optimized by Hyperchem software and MOPAC program, then Stepwise multiple linear regression method and genetic algorithm (GA) procedure [2] were employed to select the relevant structural descriptors. The prediction models correlating the selected descriptors and melting points of ionic liquids were set up by using the multiple linear regressions (MLR) and the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP NN) [3], separately. Finally, the obtained QSPR models, including linear and non-linear models, were validated by external validation test. According to obtained results, the correlation coefficients for training, test, and validation sets for MLR model were 0.91, 0.86, 0.79 and for ANN model were; 0.97, 0.96, 0.86, respectively. Also, leave-one-out cross validation procedure was performed on the data set to investigate the robustness of models, which produced the statistic

of Q² = 0.87 for ANN model and Q² = 0.65, for MLR model. The results of this study revealed the high applicability of QSPR approach in prediction of melting point of ionic liquids.

Keywords : Quantitative structure – property relationship, Neural networks, Ionic - liquids, Genetic algorithm References : 1. K. Tochigi, H. Yamamoto, J. Phys. Chem. C, 43 (2007) 111. 2. Y. Li, S. Zhang, X. Zeng, Expert Syst. Appl, 36 (2009) 11570. 3. S. Torrecilla, J. Garca, E. Rojo, F. Rodriguez, J. Hazard. Mater, 164 (2009) 182. P 528

Cytotoxicity estimation of ionic liquids in

Leukemia Rat Cell Line by artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression

Parisa Izadiyan*, Mohammad Hossein Fatemi Laboratory of Chemometrics, Faculty of Chemistry,

University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R.Iran E-mail: izadiyanp@gmail.com

Abstract

Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting point that are being considered as green replacements for industrial volatile organic compounds [1]. Since ionic liquids activity is affected by their structures [2], therefore it was possible to predict ILs’ activities from their calculated molecular descriptors. In this work, cytotoxicity of 50 ILs in Leukemia Rat Cell Line (IPC-81) were predicted from their structural parameter by using quantitative structure – activity relationships “QSARs” methodology. These ionic liquids are; pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, imidazolium and piperidinium ionic liquid salts, which their toxicity values were reported as the logarithms of the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) in mg/L (log10 EC50). Linear and nonlinear models were set up by using the multiple linear regression (MLR) [3], and the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP NN), separately. Performance of models were analyzed by statistical parameters, external validation and cross validation. According to obtained results, the standard error (SE) for training, test, and validation sets for MLR model were 0.39, 0.72, 0.37 and for ANN model were; 0.23, 0.72, 0.28, respectively.

Keywords : Cytotoxicity, MLR, QSAR, ANN References : 1. T. Pham, C.W. Cho, Y.S. Yun, Water Research, 44 (2010) 352. 2. S. Stolte, M. Matzke, J. Arning, A. B ◌schen, W.R. Pitner, U. Welz-Biermann, B. Jastorff, J. Ranke, Green Chemistry. 9 (2007) 170.

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3. A. R. Katritzky, A. Lomaka, R. Petrukhin, R. Jain, M. Karelson, A. E. Visser, R. D. Rogers, Journal of Chemical Information and Computational Science, 42 (2002) 71. P 529

Prediction of lipophilicity of neutral and basic

drugs from their molecular structure descriptors Mohammad H. Fatemi, Hanieh Malekzadeh*

Department of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

E-mail: hanieh.malekzadeh@gmail.com

Abstract

In this work multiple linear regression (MLR) was carried out for the prediction of lipophilicity of 64 basic and neutral drugs. We developed MLR model by using linear parameters and also theoretically derived molecular descriptor. These descriptors that were used to search the best model, were calculated by using DRAGON [1], MOPAC and CODESSA [2] software. In the first step, molecular descriptors were calculated and the redundant and irrelevant descriptors were omitted. Then the data set was divided into two groups, training and prediction sets. In the second step the stepwise multiple linear regression method was employed to screening and construction of a QSPR model. The best obtained model has seven descriptors which are: the final heat of formation, ionization potential, the number of hydrogen atoms, H attached to heteroatom, H autocorrelation of lag 8/weighted by atomic masses, G total symmetry index/weighted by atomic masses, Moriguchi octanol–water partition coefficient. These descriptors can encode different features of molecules. Our best model give the statistical parameters of R= 0.950, F=333.429 and SE=0.334 for the training set and R=0.946, F=86.747 and SE=0.360 for the test set without deleting any data. The credibility of MLR model was evaluated by using leave-many-out cross-validation test, which produce the statistics of Q2 = 0.902 and SPRESS=0.320. The results of these tests indicate the applicability of theoretically derived molecular descriptors in prediction of lipophilicity of neutral and basic drugs.

Keywords: Multiple Linear Regression, Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship P 530

Non-linear QSAR study of anti-HIV-1 activity of

some recently synthesized pipredine-4-carboxamide derivatives

M. Arab Chamjangali, M. Mohamadrezaei*, Z. Kalantar

College of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, I.R.Iran

E-mail: mahdi_mrezaei@yahoo.com

Abstract Quantitative structure-activity relationship

(QSAR) analysis has been directed to a series of recently synthesized pipredine-4-carboxamide analogues. Modeling of the anti-HIV-1 activity of these compounds as a function of the theoretically derived descriptors was established by artificial neural network (ANN). A stepwise regression was used for selection of the variables basis on best F values. Appropriate model with low mean square errors and high correlation coefficients were obtained. Keywords: QSAR, ANN, Piperidine, anti-HIV-1 P 531

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of some of Sulfonanilide derivatives as anti-breast

cancer agents M. Arab Chamjangali, M. Mohamadrezaei*, Z.

kalantar College of Chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, I.R.Iran E-mail: mahdi_mrezaei@yahoo.com

Abstract Quantitative structure-activity relationships

(QSARs) study has been performed for 21 derivatives of Sulfonanilide as aromatase activity inhibitors. 0D, 1D, 2D and 3D descriptors were computed by Dragon 2.1 software. Some main independent factors affecting the activity of the compounds were selected by stepwise regression analysis. Modeling of aromatase inhibitory activity as a function of the theoretically derived descriptors was established by Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) (as a linear method) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) (as a non-linear method). A comparison of the two methods used shows that MLR has better prediction ability than ANNs.

Keywords: QSAR, ANN, MLR, Sulfonanilide, anti-cancer P 532

QSAR Study of Antioxidant Activity of Isolated

Compounds from Medicinal Plants R. Tabaraki

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

Email: rezatabaraki@ yahoo.com Abstarct

The effect of molecular structure on the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 24 antioxidants isolated from medicinal plants was investigated by the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis. The multiple linear regression (MLR) was used as modeling method and leave-group-out cross validation (LGO-CV) procedure was employed to evaluate the performance of the resulted models. The most relevant descriptors were

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selected with genetic algorithm (GA). Squared correlation coefficient and mean absolute error for calibration and test sets were (0.987, 0.584) and (0.960, 0.896), respectively. P 533

Quantitative Structure-Lipophilicity Relationship Study of Basic Drugs

R. Tabaraki 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam

University, Ilam, Iran. Email: rezatabaraki@ yahoo.com

Abstarct

The effect of molecular structure on the lipophilicity of 60 basic drugs was investigated by the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis. The multiple linear regression (MLR) was used as modeling method and leave-group-out cross validation (LGO-CV) procedure was employed to evaluate the performance of the resulted models. The most relevant descriptors were selected with genetic algorithm (GA). Squared correlation coefficient and mean absolute error for calibration and test sets were (0.943, 0.285) and (0.949, 0.268), respectively. P 534

Linear and nonlinear QSAR study of O-[2-(2- hydroxy carbonyl benzamido) ethyl] -N-aryl thiocarbamates as novel Anti-HIV chemicals

M. Arab Chamjangali, G. Bagherian, M. Ashrafi* Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, Iran

E-mail: marab@shahroodut.ac.ir

Abstract

Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models were constructed for predicting the Anti-HIV activity of O-[2-(2- hydroxy carbonyl benzamido) ethyl] -N-aryl thiocarbamates by calculated descriptors. Molecular descriptors calculated by Dragon software were subjected to variable reduction using the stepwise regression. The variables were then used as input for QSAR model generation using multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN). The validation study of the MLR and ANN models was performed using test set and leave-one-out technique. The results obtained for prediction of test set by MLR and ANN models showed squared correlation coefficients of 0.9671 and 0.98 respectively. Comparison of the results showed that ANN model has a better predictive power.

Keywords: QSAR; Anti-HIV; ANN; MLR; EC50; Thiocarbamate.

P 535

Use of Bayesian regularized Artificial Neural Network in a QSAR study of PETT analogs as non- nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

inhibitors

M. Arab Chamjangali, G. Bagherian, M. Ashrafi* Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, Iran E-mail: marab@shahroodut.ac.ir

Abstract

A Bayesian regularized artificial neural network (BR-ANN) model was developed for modeling and accurate prediction of Anti-HIV activities for a set of phenethyl thiazole thiourea (PETT) analogs, as potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. BR-ANN model was optimized by cross validation approach. The best computational neural network model was a feed forward network method with 10-4-1 architecture. The prediction ability of the proposed model was evaluated by test set and leave-one-out method. The mean square error and squared correlation coefficient for test set were 0.0679 and 0.9130, respectively. The results obtained showed superior prediction power of the proposed model.

Keywords: ANN; Bayesian regularized algorithm; IC50; Anti-HIV; Thiourea;

P 536

Potentiality of PLS in conventional and derivative

spectrophotometric analysis of tryptophan and tyrosine

Habibollah Khajehsharifi*, Zahra Eskandari, Foroogh Saanei

Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

E-mail: khajeh_h@yahoo.com Abstract

Partial least squares (PLS) were tested as a calibration procedure for simultaneous ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of tryptophan and tyrosine. Due to spectral overlapping of Trp and Tyr, PLS was used for construction of the calibration set in original and 1th derivative data. The concentration linear range of Tyr and Trp were 6.78 – 262.16 and 4.08 -66.3 µgmL−1 respectively. The absorption spectra were recorded from 245 – 310 nm. The PRESS for Tyr and Trp were 7.9427 and 7.4808 by PLS and 3.2353 and 4.9428 by derivative PLS for Number of principal component 3 and 2 respectively. The procedure allows the simultaneous determination of Tyr and Trp in synthetic mixtures and in human urine, serum and plasma.

Keywords: Tryptophan , Tyrosine , Chemometrics , UV/Vis spectroscopy , Simultaneous determination

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P 537

QSAR study of aqueous toxicity for heterogeneous phenol derivatives Ali Niazi *,a,b, Farnaz Samnejhad a

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

b Young Researcher Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

Abstract

A quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) study is suggested for the prediction of toxicity of phenol heterogenic derivatives. Ab initio geometry optimization was performed at the B3LYP level, with a known basis set, 6–31++G**. Local charges, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, polarizability, HOMO–LUMO energies, hardness, softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity and also structural descriptors (GETAWAY) were calculated for each compound. Among the investigation of QSAR, one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the model is the method to build the model. Many multivariate data analysis methods such as multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN) have been used in QSAR studies. MLR, as most commonly used chemometrics method, has been extensively applied to QSAR investigations. However, the practical usefulness of MLR in QSAR studies is rather limited, as it provides relatively poor accuracy. Finally after doing PLS and mean-centering, scaling, ODC preprocessing between formed model and taking account statistical, ODC-PLS model parameters good agreement between calculated and experimental values show that proven reliability of this QSAR model. The resulted model showed high prediction ability with root mean square error of prediction of 0.0182 for ODC-PLS. Keywords: QSAR , ODC , PLS P 538

Efficient transport of uranium (VI) through bulk

liquid membrane containing calix[4]resorcinarene-hydroxamic acid as carrier

Nasser Dalali *, Farhad GHarebaghi Phase separation & FIA Lab.,Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan- Iran

*Email: Nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract Calix[4]resorcinarene-hydroxamic acid was

synthesized which after characterization and purification was used as an efficient and relatively selective carrier for the transport of uranyl ions through a dichloromethane bulk liquid membrane at 25˚C. By using HCl 0.2 M as the receiving phase the amount of uranyl transported across the liquid membrane after 90 min was 90 ±1%. The influence of different parameters affecting the efficiency and

selectivity of UO22+ transport, e.g. carrier

concentration and type of organic solvent in the membrane, pH, type and concentration of acid in the feed and receiving phases, stirring rate and time was investigated. Results revealed that uranium can be extracted and separated from the ions La and That pH6 within 90 min, while the co-extraction of these ions was ≤ 10%. Keywords: Transport, Uranium, Thorium, Lanthanum, Calix[4]resorcinarene-hydroxamic acid P 539

Selective extraction and pre-concentration of

uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) by using carmine-impregnated IRA-410 resin beads

Yousef Jalalabadi *, Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei, Esmat Hosseini, Horiyye Hosseini-Bandegharaei,

Somayye Zowghi

a: Department of Engineering, Islamic Azad University-Kashmar Branch, Kashmar, Iran

Abstract

A stable extractant-impregnated resin (EIR) containing Carmine was prepared using Amberlite IRA-410 as polymeric support. The new EIR was employed for trace separation and pre-concentration of U(VI) and Th(IV) ions followed by spectrophotometric arsenazo III determination procedure. Maximum sorption of Th(IV) and U(VI) ions respectively occurred at pHs of 3.0 and 3.75. The capacity of EIR was found to be 0.632 and 0.669 mmol g−1, respectively for Th(IV) and U(VI). As the main drawback associated with using new EIR, the retained metals could be eluted sequentially using 0.55 mol L−1 HCl for U(VI) and 2.25 mol L−1 HCl for Th(IV). The relative standard deviation values were as 2.22 and 2.07% for Th(IV and U(VI) ions, respectively. The above procedure was successfully employed for the analysis of natural water samples. Keywords: Extractant-Impregnated Resin; U(VI) and Th(IV) Separation; Carmine; Amberlite IRA-410 P 540

Preconcentration and Determination of trace cadmium in water samples by dispersive liquid-

liquid microextraction coupled with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

*Saeed Habibollahi , Nahid Tavakkoli , Narjes Shams

Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU) Esfahan

E-maill:saeedehabibollahi@Yahoo.Com

Abstract A simple method for determination of trace

cadmium using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) Followed by graphite

184

furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). In this method, the appropriate mixture of 40 µL cholorobenzene (extraction solvent) and 0.5 mL methanol ( disperser solvent ) and 50 µL 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol ( PAN, chelating agent ) was rapidly injected by syringe into the 5mL water sample containing cadmium ions. Therefore, cloudy solution is formed. After centrifuging (3min at 5000 rpm) the fine particles of extraction solvent are sedimented in the bottom of the conical test tube ( 31 ± l µL). Then sedimented phase containing enriched analyte was determined by GFAAS. Some factors influencing the extraction of cadmium including extraction and dispersive solvent type and volume, pH of sample solution and concentration of the chelating agent were studied and optimized, the enrichment factor 132 was obtained from only 5ml of water sample. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.1-2 µg L-1 with detection limit of 0.049 and RSD was 3.8 % (n=10 , C=1 µg L-1). Keywords: Cadmium, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol (PAN), preconcentration. P 541

Investigation on the displacement

chromatographic separation of dysprosium(III) and samarium(III)

A.R. Khanchi *, J. Fasihi, G. Shahmoradi, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute,

AEOI, Tehran, Iran Email: akhanchi@aeoi.org.ir

Abstract

This work reports preparative-scale separation of Dy(III) and Sm(III) using a displacement chromatographic approach. A Dowex cation exchanger resin was used as stationary phase and citric acid/ammonium citrate solutions (0.1 to 5%) as displacement agent. First, several preliminary batch experiments were carried out in order to elucidate the adsorption behavior of individual cations. It was observed that the pH of solution has a pronounced effect on the selective adsorption. The column experiments revealed pH dependency of band resolution (Rs) in the range of 3.8, 3.0, 2.7 and 2.5. Decrease in pH of mobile phase results in improvement of Rs values from completely overlapped bands at pH of 3.8 and 3.0 to resolved bands at pH of 2.7 (Rs= 0.49) and 2.5 (Rs= 0.73). Keywords: displacement chromatography, Dy(III), Sm(III) P 542

Quantitative monitoring of organic reactions

using Thin layer chromatography-multivariate image analysis (TLC-MIA)

Bahram Hemmateenejad *,M. Akhound ,Zahra mohammad pour

Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I.R. Iran

E-mail:hemmatb@sums.ac.ir Abstract

The reactions in organic laboratories are qualitatively monitored with TLC. There are two main disadvantages of organic reaction monitoring as it is common in organic laboratories: first is that one cannot quantify the reaction progress precisely and second is the damaged caused by UV light to the naked eye. Here, a thin-layer chromatographic method combined with image processing (MIA-TLC) was developed for quantitative monitoring of organic reactions. By using this method these two disadvantages will be overcame. The detection system is the camera capturing. The images of spots were then converted into 3D and 2D chromatograms by the written software. Silica gel was used as stationary phase and a mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (3:1, v/v) formed the mobile phase. Keywords : Multivariate image analysis, Thin layer chromatography, monitoring organic reaction P 543

Separation of Metal Ions from Waste Water by

Hydrazine Modified Bagasse-g-PAN I.Sarvi *, A.Pourjavadi

Chemistry department, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood branch, Shahrood, Iran;

Email: i.sarvi@gmail.com Abstract

Adsorption of different metal ions by a chelating resin was studied. The preparation of a chelating ion-exchange resin containing amidrazone functional group was carried out by polyacrylonitrile grafted (bagasse Bagasse-g-PAN). The PAN grafted copolymer was obtained by free radical initiating process using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. Conversion of nitrile groups of the grafted copolymer into the amidrazone was carried out by treatment with hydroxylamine under alkaline solution. The chelating behavior of prepared resin was carried out by using Hg(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) as metal ions in an aqueous solution using batch extractions. The sorption capacities of metal ions by the resin were pH depended and the rate of exchange was rapid. Keywords: bagasse, amidrazone, ion exchange. P 544 GC-Mass analysis of essential oil composition of

Pterocarya fraxinifolia L . Maryam Akhbari *1, Hesam Goudarzi 2

1. The EO Research Center, University of Kashan, P.O. 87317-51167, Kasha, I.R. Iran

185

2. Department of Chemistry, Shahr-E-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

*E-mail: m_akhbari@kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

Essential oil of Pterocarya fraxinifolia L. from Iran was obtained by hydro-distillation of dried leaves and stems of the plant and analyzed using GC/MS for the first time in this study. Thirty eight compounds were identified, representing 91.34% of the total oil. Main components are bisabolol oxide (28.96%), Hexadecanoic acid dihydroxypropyl ester (6.21%) and β-Caryophyllene (6.12%). Major components were terpens and terpenoide derivatives and ratio of sesquiterpens to monoterpenes was about . Keywords : Pterocarya fraxinifolia, Bisabolol oxide, Essential oil P 545 Determination of trace amounts of amitiptyline by liquid-liquid extraction-spectrophotometry

method Zohreh Saadati *, Ziba Ghashghaei Afshar, Shahin

Chahardah Cherik Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University Omidieh branch, Omidieh, I.R. Iran

E-mail: z.gh_afshar@yahoo.com Abstract

Amitriptyline (AMT) is a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzocycloheptene type. It is used for depression treatment, in management of the chronic and also served for neurogenic pains [1]. This study describes a simple, sensitive and selective extraction- spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of amitriptyline. The amitriptyline- OrangeII ion-pair in bufferic media is quantitatively extracted into chloroform and its absorbance is measured at 486 nm at room temperature. The effect of different variables such as solvent, volume of extracting solvent, volume of anionic reagent, pH , ionic strength ( NaCl 0.4 M) and shaking time is investigated and optimum conditions for quantitative extraction of amitriptyline is obtained. Linear calibration graph over the amitriptyline concentration rang 0.25-8.0 µg mL-¹ and regression coefficient of 0.9997 is obtained. The relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations of 5 µg mL-¹ of AMT is 1.1417%. Limit of detection of the method is 0.027 µg mL-¹.The interfering effect of 20 a large number of diverse ions on the determination amitriptyline was studied. The method is used for determination of amitriptyline in the tablet and good results are obtained. Keywords: Amitriptyline, Liquid-Liquid extraction, Spectrophotometry

P 546

Application of response surface method for optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid

microextraction of cadmium from water samples of Semnan

M. Rajabi *1, M. Kamalabadi-Farahani 1, M. Bagheri-Roochi 1, M.R. Jamali 2 and A. Asghari 1

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University, Semnan 35195-363, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

*E-mail: mrajabi@semnan.ac.ir Abstract

A four factor, five-level central composite design combining with response surface modeling (RSM) was employed for optimization of effective factors on extraction of cadmium from water solutions by IL-DLLME. four independent variables (initial pH of solution ranging from 2 to 10, volume of disperser solvent ranging from 0 to 1150 mL , initial concentration of ligand ranging from 0.008 to 0.016 molL-1 and amount of extraction solvent ranging from 10 to 110 mg) were consecutively coded as x1, x2 , x3 and x4 at three levels (−α, 0 and+ α), and a second-order polynomial regression equation was then derived to predict responses. The optimum values of the selected variables were obtained by solving the quadratic regression model, as well as by analyzing the response surface contour plots. The experimental conditions at optimum point were determined to be pH = 6, concentration of ligand =0.012 mol L-1, amount of extraction solvent = 55mg and volume of disperser solvent=575mL, and the corresponding extraction efficiency was found to be about 79%. P 547

Comparative study of 3-nitroaniline determination in environmental water samples

using two new liquid-phase microextraction methods prior to HPLC

Ali Sarafraz Yazdi 1, Farideh Mofazzeli 2,* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. 2 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University

- Quchan branch, Quchan, Iran.

Abstract

In the present work, two new sample preparation techniques have been developed and applied for the determination of trace amounts of 3-nitroaniline in environmental water samples. Directly suspended droplet three liquid-phase microextraction and high speed hollow fiber based liquid-phase microextraction coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection were used for this purpose. The parameters influencing the extraction efficiency including the organic solvent and its volume, extraction time, composition of the donor and acceptor phases, stirring rate and effect of

186

complexation with 18-crown-6 ether were investigated. Under the optimal conditions for directly suspended droplet LLLME, the calibration graphs are linear in the range of 5-1500 µg L-1 with R=0.9983. The detection limit is 1 µg L-1 (LOD, n=7) and relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) is found 4.9. And for the hollow fiber LPME, obtained EF was 259, dynamic linear ranges were 1-1000 µg L-1 (R=0.9991), and limit of detection was 0.1 µg L-

1. Two proposed methods worked very well for real water samples with microgram per liter level of analyte, and good spike recoveries (96–102%) were obtained. Keywords: Hollow fiber based liquid-phase microextraction, Directly suspended droplet, 3-nitroaniline, High-performance liquid chromatography, Water analysis P 548

Directly suspended droplet three liquid phase

microextraction of thorium Mohammad Alimoradi 1, Alireza Ghiasvand 2,

Morteza Ahmadvand Shahverdi 3* 1,3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran Email: Morteza.shahverdi@gmail.com

Abstract

An improved single drop microextraction procedure was developed for the preconcentration of thorium prior to its determination by molecular absorption spectrophotometry. Initially thorium was complexed with diethylenetriamine- pentaaceticacid (DTPA) and then extracted into N-octanol that used as an organic solvent for extraction. Then extracted thorium in organic phase backextracted into new 30 µL aqueous solution drop. In order to determination thorium the asenazo solution is added to recent solution and its absorbance measured. Several variables affecting microextraction efficiency and absorbance, such as arcenazo concentration, pH, DTPA concentration, n-octanol volume, extraction time, drop volume and stirring rate were investigated and optimized. In the optimum experimental conditions,this work have good detection limit and enrichment factor. The developed method was validated by the analysis of certified reference materials and applied successfully to the determination of thorium in several real samples. P 549

Extraction and Determination of Codeine and Morphine in Urine by Solid Phase Extraction -

UV Spectrophotometry M. Soleimani, Sh. Amani, A. Khani

Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran E- maile: m-soleimani@hotmail.com

Abstract An efficient and simple method for rapid and

selective extraction, preconcentration and determination of codeine and morphine in urine by using octadecylsilica cartridges and spectrophotometry is presented. Extraction efficiency and influence of pH, ionic strength, flow rates of sample solution and eluent on percent recovery, type and amount of eluent for elution of codeine and morphine from cartridges, break through volume and limit of detection were evaluated. Average extraction efficiency ~97% was obtained by elution of the cartridge with minimal amount of solvent. Keywords: Urine, codeine, morphine , solid phase extraction, spectrophotometry, octadecylsilica cartridge P 550

Comparison of ultrasound–assisted

emulsification and dispersive liquid–liquid microextractions for speciation of inorganic

selenium in environmental water samples using low density extraction solvents

Nahid Mashkouri Najafi, Hamed Tavakoli *, Reza Alizadeh

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti Uinversity, Evin, Tehran, Iran

E–mail: n-najafi@sbu.ac.ir Abstract

The aim this study is to compare the efficiency of ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) using low density organic solvents as extraction solvents for speciation analysis of inorganic selenium in some environmental water samples. After extraction, the analyte was determined by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The effect of various experimental parameters on two methods efficiency and their optimum value was studied with the aid response surface methodology (RSM) and experimental design. The proposed techniques were successfully applied for determination of inorganic selenium species in several water samples. The accuracy is also evaluated by applying the proposed method to certified reference material (NIST SRM 1643e), for which the results was in a good agreement with the certified values reported for this CRM (95% confidence level).

Keywords: Selenium, Speciation, Ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction, Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, Experimental design P 551

Using of pomegranate peel in Solid Phase

Microextraction technique for measuring of Copper, Zinc, Magnesium and Manganese in environmental samples by Atomic Absorption

Spectrophotometer

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Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi 1*, Mohammad Ramazani Taghartapeh 1, Alireza Soltani 1, Zahra. Rezaie

Karder 2 1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences,

Islamic Azad University-Gorgan Branch, Gorgan, Iran

2Giah Essence Phytopharm Co., Gorgan, Iran. E-mail: magolsep@yahoo.com

Abstract A developed design of solid phase microextraction (SPME) was developed for the determination of copper, zinc, magnesium and manganese ions in environmental samples. The membrane extraction with sorbent interface used in this research is a two-phase supported solid membrane consisting of an aqueous solution as donor phase and fine particles of pomegranate peel powder bed in a polyethylene fiber as acceptor phase system operated in direct immersion sampling mode. The proposed method allowed very effective and enriched recuperation of analytes in a single stage. In order to obtain high enrichment and efficiency, main effective parameters were optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity, repeatability, and enrichment factor. This technique was applied for two different environmental samples; Green Tea extraction and Dye Industry Waste water. The result showed in range determination of the four ions in the samples. The amount of Cu, Mg, Zn and Mn in tea extraction were obtained 3.9, 1.3, 23.2 and 8.1 µg/mL respectively and for dye waste water were 11.2, 5.7, not detected and 2.5 µg/mL respectively. P 552

Studies on the solvent extraction of thorium from nitrate media with a mixture of Cyanex272 and

neutral organophosphrious extractants M. Eskandari Nasab a, S.A. Milani b, A. Sam a,

a Department of Mineral Processing Engineering, Bahonar university, Kerman 7616914111 , Iran

E-mail:meskandarim@yahoo.com. b Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear science

and Technology Research Institute, AEOT, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The extraction of thorium from nitric acid solutions with a mixture of Cyanex272 (HA) and neutral extractants (S) such as TOPO and TBP was studied. The synergistic effect of TOPO was higher than TBP. The extracted complex was as Th(OH)2(NO3)A.HA with Cyanex272 alone and as Th(OH)2(NO3)A.HA.S in the presence of neutral ligands. The logarithm of equilibrium constant for extraction with TOPO was twofold higher than that of TBP. It conforms to the difference between the log equilibrium constant for adduct formation in the organic phase. Thus the binding to the neutral ligands by Th(OH)2(NO3)A.HA follows the sequence of basicity of neutral ligands.

Keywords: Syanex272, Thorium, TBP, TOPO, Synergism, Extraction. P 553

Determination of trace amounts of amitriptyline

by liquid-liquid extraction-spectrophotometry method

Zohreh Saadati*, Ziba Ghashghaei Afshar, Shahin Chahardah Cherik

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University Omidieh branch, Omidieh,

I.R. Iran E-mail: z.gh_afshar@yahoo.com

Abstract

Amitriptyline (AMT) is a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzocycloheptene type. It is used for depression treatment, in management of the chronic and also served for neurogenic pains [1]. This study describes a simple, sensitive and selective extraction- spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of amitriptyline. The amitriptyline- OrangeII ion-pair in bufferic media is quantitatively extracted into chloroform and its absorbance is measured at 486 nm at room temperature. The effect of different variables such as solvent, volume of extracting solvent, volume of anionic reagent, pH , ionic strength ( NaCl 0.4 M) and shaking time is investigated and optimum conditions for quantitative extraction of amitriptyline is obtained. Linear calibration graph over the amitriptyline concentration rang 0.25-8.0 µg mL-¹ and regression coefficient of 0.9997 is obtained. The relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations of 5 µg mL-¹ of AMT is 1.1417%. Limit of detection of the method is 0.027 µg mL-¹.The interfering effect of 20 a large number of diverse ions on the determination amitriptyline was studied. The method is used for determination of amitriptyline in the tablet and good results are obtained. Keywords: Amitriptyline, Liquid-Liquid extraction, Spectrophotometry P 554

Development of a new in-tube solid-phase

microextraction method on the basis of Syringe needle coated with atrazine-MIP.

Application for trace analysis Djavanshir Djozan 1*, Mir Ali farajzadeh 1, Saeed Mohammad Soroureddin 1 , Tahmineh Baheri 2

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2The Research Center Antinarcotics Police, Tehran, Iran.

E-mail: Djozan@tabrizu.ac.ir Abstract

A new method for the coating of inner surface of a syringe needle by atrazine-MIP is developed. For this purpose, various parameters have been

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taken into the account to improve the adhesion between atrazine-MIP and the metal surface. The inner surface of the metal needle was first conditioned with NaOH, HCl and distilled water in turn. A solution of pre-polymer was then injected into the needle for the deposition of a thin layer of MIP components on the inner surface of the needle. The polymerization of atrazine-MIP was carried out at optimum conditions. The effect of various parameters such as nature and amount of porogen, polymerization time, temperature and number of polymerization cycles on the extraction ability of the prepared in-needle MIP device was investigated. The experiments reveal that in the optimum conditions the prepared atrazine-MIP layer is firm, durable and thermally stable up to 270°C which has vital importance in SPME coupled with GC. The prepared device is used for the extraction of trace amount of atrazine from a model aqueous solution. The effective factors influencing the extraction procedure such as sample volume, flow rate, salt addition and sample pH have been investigated and detailed here. Carryover was determined by the percentage of the atrazine identified in the second desorption. It was less than 1% after 3 minutes desorption at 260 ºC. Reproducibility of the method was 7%. Keywords: In-tube solid-phase microextraction, Syringe needle, Atrazine, Molecularly imprinted polymer P 555

Development of a new Sorbentless Cryogenic

Needle Trap device for the extraction of traces organic volatile compounds

Djavanshir Djozan,*, Mohammad Hossein Soroureddin, Jamal Norouzi, Mir Ali Farajzadeh Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: Djozan@tabrizu.ac.ir Abstract

A new simple, rapid, efficient, non-destructive, and in-situ method for the extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from gaseous and solid samples has been developed. The system has been designed using a 2 mL glass syringe as extractor. The gaseous sample or the components in headspace of the solid sample is circulated through the syringe needle where a controlled flow of liquid nitrogen is passed into outer jacket of needle. Once the total extraction is achieved, the needle is removed and placed in the GC injector valve. Trapped analytes are thermally desorbed and analysed by GC. The effect of some experimental factors such as sample vial volume, trapping time and temperature, sample temperature, desorption time and temperature and flow rate of sample headspace through trapping needle were investigated and the optimum conditions were achieved. The overall sampling and analysis times were less than 30 min. Using the proposed method at the optimum

conditions, an excellent extraction efficiency (>85%) of methanol, tetrahydrofuran, benzene and hexanon present in the model sample was obtained. Due to the absence of sorbents in the trapping needle, complete desorption of trapped compounds is very fast and carry-over was less than 1% after 3 minutes desorption at 250 ºC. The GC analysis of extracted compounds was performed with the good analytical characteristics. Relative standard deviation values are below 10% .The limits of detection ranges from 1.29 to 4.59 ng mL-1. Keywords: Cryogenic, Needle Trap device, Ultra trace P 556

Simultaneous cloud point extraction and

spectrophotometric determination of carmoisine and birilliant blue FCF in food samples

N. Pourreza *, M. Ghomi Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran. E-mail: npourreza@yahoo.com

Abstract

A novel simultaneous cloud point extraction method for the determination of carmoisine and birilliant blue FCF by spectrophotometry has been developed. The method is based on the cloud point extraction of carmoisine and Birilliant blue FCF from aqueous solution using Triton X-100, diluting the extracted surfactant rich phase with water and measuring the absorbance at 522 and 640 nm for carmoisine and birilliant blue FCF, respectively. The effects of different parameters such as pH, concentration of surfactant and temperature on the cloud point extraction of both dyes were investigated and optimum conditions were established. Linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 0.02-3.5 µg mL−1 for carmoisine and 0.05-3.5 µg mL−1 for birilliant blue FCF under optimum conditions. Detection limit based on three times the standard deviation of the blank (3Sb) was 0.017 and 0.016 µg mL-1 (n=10) for carmoisine and birilliant blue FCF, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for 0.1 µg mL-1 was 4.14 and 3.30% (n= 10), for carmoisine and birilliant blue FCF, respectively. The method was applied to the simultaneous determination of the dyes in different food samples. Keywords: Carmoisine; birilliant blue FCF; cloud point extraction; Triton X-100; spectrophotometry. P 557

Solid-phase extraction of dextrometorphan from plasma samples using a novel water-compatible

molecularly imprinted polymer Mohammad Mahdi Moein a, Mehran Javanbakht a,*,

Behroz Akbari-adergani b

a Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran,

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E-mail: Javanbakht@aut.ac.ir, bFood & Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food & Drug Department, Ministry of Health and Medical

Education, Tehran, Iran Abstract

In this paper, a novel method is described for the determination of dextromethorphan in biological fluids with using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction as the sample clean up technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, chloroform as porogen and Dextromethorphan as template molecule. The novel imprinted polymer was used as a solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction of dextromethorphan from human serum and urine. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the polymer were evaluated. The optimal conditions for SPE extraction consisted of loading of the sample at pH 7.0, for washing using 1mL HCL 0.1 M (1/4, v/v %) and elution with methanol/acetic acid (9/1, v/v%). The MIP selectivity was evaluated by analyzing of the dextromethorphan in the presence of several substances with similar molecular structures and properties. For the first time we made a cartridge by dextromethorphan MIP and NIP particle for done separation procedure and perused result that achieved in this method .also in this method we used minimum of material that been thinkable for achieved a new method ,easy and low cost system for identify and separation. Results from the HPLC analyses showed that the extraction of dextromethorphan using MIP from human serum is linear in the ranges of 1-10 µg L-1. The recoveries for serum samples were higher than 85%. Keywords: Molecularly imprinted polymer; Human Serum; Solid-phase extraction; Dextromethorphan P 558

Synthesis, characterization and application of

dihydrazide-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes for selective solid-

phase extraction and preconcentration of Cd(II), Pd(II) and Ag(I)

Dawood Abdardideh *, 1, Hossein Tavallali 1, Saeed Zahmatkesh 2 and Mehdi Aalaei 1

1 Payame Noor University (PNU), Shiraz, 711365 -944, Iran

2 Payame Noor University (PNU), Estahban Email:Abdardideh@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new method that utilizes dihydrazide-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a solid-phase extractant has been developed for simultaneous preconcentration of trace amount of Cd(II), Pd(II) and Ag(I) prior to the measurement by

flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The separation/preconcentration conditions of analytes were investigated, including the pH value, the shaking time, the volume of sample and the elution condition. The limit of detection were found to be 8.0, 11.0 and 10.0 ng mL-1 for Cd(II), Pd(II) and Ag(I) respectively. The proposed method has been applied for the determination of trace of analyts in environmental samples which gave satisfactory results. P 559 Extraction and determination of ensictisides with hallow fiber based liquid phase microextraction

combined with Gas chromatography Zarrin Es'haghi 1*, Mahmoud Ebrahimi 2, H.Eery 3

1-department of chemistry ,factually of science ,Payame Noor University, Iran

2- department of chemistry ,factually of science,Birjand University/Islamic Azad University/,

Birjand/Mashhad branch, Iran. 3- department of chemistry ,factually of science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad branch, Iran

E-mail:zarrin_eshaghi@yahoo.com

Abstract A technique for the analysis of

organophosphorus pesticides (malathion, diazinon,fenitrothion) in aqueous sample using liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–FID)was developed.Asmall section of a hollowfiber inserted into the needle of GC syringe and filled with the 5 microliter of organic solvent was used to extract pesticides from a 20ml aqueous sample. Experimental conditions including PH solvent, extraction time, temperature and stirring speed have been investigated for HF-LPME. P 560

A simple and selective method for the determination of urea in water and biological

samples A.Abbaspour *, F. Norouz Sarvestani, E mirahmadi Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz

University, Shiraz 71456-85464, Iran Abstract

A method for determination of urea using paptode is described. The sensor is constructed by immobilizing a reagent on TLC strip. This procedure is based on nucleophilic displacement of urea with tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (chloranil) as an reagent and formation of violet color product followed by scanner-based detection. The color of each spot is analyzed by a software written in visual basic (VB 6) media to get its red, green and blue values. The proposed sensor is linear in wide concentration range of 0.05-10.00 mg L-1 of urea and has detection limit of 0.01mg L-1. The

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parameters such as pH and concentration of chloranil are optimized. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of urea in bovine serum and tap water. P 561

Cloud Point Extraction and Graphite Furnace

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination of Trace Amounts of Copper(II) Ions In Water

Samples Fatemeh Mirsalari, Gholamhassan Azimi,* and

Mahbobeh Asadi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

University of Arak, Arak, Iran E-mail: g-azimi@araku.ac.ir.

Abstract

Cloud point extraction (CPE) has been used for the pre-concentration of copper, after the formation of a complex with recently synthesized Bis (4-amino-1,2,4-triazol pyridyl sulfonyl) ethane and later analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) using TritonX-114 as surfactant. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, i.e. pH of aqueous solution, concentration of the ligand, amount of the surfactant, centrifugation rate, centrifugation time, incubation temperature, and time were investigated. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range 1–20 ng ml-1 with a limit of detection of 0.04 ng ml-1 and correlation coefficient of 0.9984. The precision for 6 replicate determinations at 10 ng ml−1 Cu was 2.1% relative standard deviation (R.S.D.). The method was successfully applied to the determination of coper in water samples. P 562

Utility of flow injection analysis for solid phase

extraction and on-line photometric determination of ultra trace amounts of mercury

ions based on ion imprinted polymers Mojtaba Shamsipur, Hamid Reza Rajabi *, Mir

Mahdi Zahedi Department of Chemistry, Razi University,

Kermanshah, Iran E-mail:rajabi_hr84@yahoo.com

Abstract

This work reports the preparation of a novel ion imprinted polymer (IIP) for recognition and on-line photometric determination of Hg2+ ions in aqueous solutions by using flow injection technique. The IIPs were obtained by copolymerizing mercury chloride (or without it) and a new synthesized porphyrin in ethanol-acetonitrile mixture as porogen solvent. The synthesis of imprinted polymers were carried out in the presence of ethyleneglycol-dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA), using initiator 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). The ion imprinted polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy

(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and FT-IR techniques. The synthesized IIP was used as a selective sorbent in solid phase extraction- flow injection experiments. The Hg(II) ions retained by the polymer particles were eluted quickly with HNO3 1.0 M after 14 s at pH 4.0. The experimental parameters including pH, preconcentration and elution times, nature of eluent, eluent volume, concentration of eluent, and aqueous phase volume were optimized. The amounts of Hg(II) ions in the flow injection system was determined spectrophotometrically at 485 nm using dithizone as a suitable reagent. In selectivity study, the effect of presence of some metal ions on percent recovery of mercury ion was studied and it was found that imprinting results in increased affinity of the material toward Hg2+ ion over other competitor metal ions. The Hg2+ ion imprinted resins were successfully applied to the selective recognition and determination of mercury ion in some real samples. Keywords: Ion Imprinted Polymer, Hg2+ ion, Flow Injection Analysis, Online Determination P 563

Comparative yield and antioxidant properties of aqueous extract of Hypericum perforatum L. by

using different method extraction Maryam Akhbari 1, Mohmmadreza Mozdiyanfard

2*, Maryam Kaviyani 2, Hossein Batooli 3

1The Essential oil Research Center, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

2Separatin Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Kashan, I.R.

Iran 3Isfahan Research Center for Natural Resources

and Agriculture, Kashan Station *E-mail: mozdianfard@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

In this study yield and antioxidant properties of various aqueous extracts prepared by soxhelt, reflux and microwave method from leaves and stems of Hypericum perforatum L. from Kashan, have been evaluated. The inhibition of free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to assess the antioxidant potential of the samples. Results were then compared with Butyllated hidroxy toluene (BHT) as an inhibition standard. Keywords: Hypericum perforatum, Soxhlet, Reflux, Microwave-assisted, Antioxidant activity

P 564

Modified Activated Carbon for Solid Phase Extraction of Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe2+and Zn2+Ions in

Herbals Plants Samples Amir H. M. Sarrafi 1,*, Azadeh.Khanmohammadi 2,

Mehdi M.Ghashghaee 2

1Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University (Central Tehran Branch), Tehran, Iran

2Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran Branch, Gachsaran,

E-mail:Azadeh.khanmohamadi@yahoo.com

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Abstract A sensitive and simple method for the

simultaneous preconcentration of nutritionally important minerals in Herbals Plants samples has been reported. The method is based on the adsorption of Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ on 4-Nitro-2-(2-nitro-phenelazo) phenol)(NNPP) loaded on activated carbon. The ions are eluted using 3 mL 4 mol L-1 HNO3.Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for measurements. The effects of various parameters such as pH, flow rate of sample and eluent, type and concentration of eluent, sample volume, amount of adsorbent and interfering ions have been studied. The recoveries of analytes were generally higher than 95 %. The detection limits for Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ were 0.17 µg l-1, 0.16 µg l-1, 0.11 µg l-1, 0.12 µg l-1, respectively. The method has been successfully applied for these metals content evaluation in Herbals plants samples. P 565

Continuous solid-phase extraction with

molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective determination of carbamazepine in aqueous samples with high performance liquid

chromatography Behrouz Akbari-adergani *1, Ahmad Heydarieh 2,

Leila Haji-agha Babaei 2, Mehran Javanbakht 3 1- Food and Drug Laboratories Research Center,

Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran,

*E-mail: fdanalysis@fdo.ir 2- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Islamic

Azad University, Shahre-Rey Branch, Shahre-Rey, Iran

3- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A new, simple, rapid and sensitive solid-phase extraction with molecularly imprinted polymer (SPE-MIP) for determination of carbamazepine in aqueous samples was developed. These polymers were synthesized via a non-covalent molecular imprinting approach through precipitation polymerization method using methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker agent, carbamazepine as a target template molecule and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The optimal conditions for SPE consisted of conditioning the cartridge using a pH=3.0 water, loading 5.0 ml of the sample (2.0 × 10-5 M) under basic aqueous conditions, clean-up using 2×2ml acetonitrile and elution with 3.0 ml methanol:water (55:45). After optimization of SPE procedure, an aliquot of extracted template was injected to the ACE, 5µm 250×4.6mm analytical column with the mobile phase as the same as elution solvent. This method was used for extraction of carbamazepine from an anti-convulsant aqueous solution and the results revealed an extraction recovery of more than

95%. HPLC chromatograms show an efficient clean-up, which supports the potential of MISPE for clean-up of trace amounts of carbamazepine from the drug formulation. Keywords: Carbamazepine, Molecularly imprinted polymer, Solid-phase extraction P 566

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of herbal

essential oils: experiments and modeling G. Reza Shojaie 1, M. Mahdi A. Shirazi * 2, Ali

Kargari 3, M. Javad A. Shirazi 4 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic

Azad University, Omidieh Branch, Khuzestan, I.R. Iran; 2 Department of Chemical Engineering,

Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, I.R. Iran; 3 Department of

Petrochemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Mahshahr Campus, Khuzestan, I.R.

Iran; 4 Department of Polymer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch,

Tehran, I.R. Iran E-mail: mmahdiashirazi@srbiau.ac.ir

Abstract

In this work, supercritical fluid extraction of herbal essential oil has been studied. Carbon dioxide (with purity of 99%) used as solvent and mint (Mentha piperita, spearmint type) which is one of the most common pharmaceutical plants, used as raw material. Experiments carried out by use of a semi-batch apparatus. Thermodynamic modeling has been done to reach the best equation of state for solubility prediction of essential oil in supercritical fluid. Also, the best operating conditions have been estimated with many experiments. The results shown that Peng-Robinson equation of state with its mixing rules is the best selected EOS to assess the solubility of essential oils and will have best results; and pressure of 10bar, temperature of 40oC, particles mean size of 0.095mm, SCF flow rate of 0.35kg/hr and extraction time of 50min are the best operating conditions for SCFE of herbal essential oils. P 567

Solid phase extraction of mercury(II) from natural water by alumina -loaded Schiff’s base

4,4’-Dimethoxybenzil bisthiosemicarbazone (DBTS)phases

Ali MOGHIMI * -Masoumeh MALMIR 1Department of Chemistry, Pishva Varamin Branch

Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran * Corresponding author. e- mail:

Kamran9537@yahoo.com

Abstract Alumina phase loaded with 4,4’-

Dimethoxybenzil bisthiosemicarbazone (DBTS) were synthesized based on chemical binding and physical adsorption approaches. The stability of a

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chemically modified DBTS especially in concentrated hydrochloric acid which was then used as a recycling and pre-concentration reagent for further uses of alumina immobilized DBTS. The application of this alumina for sorption of a series of metal ions was performed by using different controlling factors such as the pH of metal ion solution and the equilibration shaking time by the static technique. This difference was interpreted on the basis of selectivity incorporated in these sulfur containing alumina phases. Hg(II) was found to exhibit the highest affinity towards extraction by these alumina phases. The pronounced selectivity was also confirmed from the determined distribution coefficient (Kd) of all the metal ions, showing the highest value reported for mercury(II) to occur by alumina immobilized DBTS phase. The potential applications of alumina immobilized DBTS phase for selective extraction of mercury(II) to occur from aqueous solution were successfully accomplished as well as pre- concentration of low concentration of Hg(II) (40 pg ml-1) from natural tap water with a pre-concentration factor of 200 for Hg(II) off-line analysis by cold vapor atomic absorption analysis. Keywords: SPE(solid phase extraction); mercury(II); alumina; 4,4’-Dimethoxybenzil bisthiosemicarbazone (DBTS) P 568

Preconcentration of ultra trace amounts bismuth

in water samples using cloud point extraction with 2-propylpiperidine-1-carbodithioate (PPCD) and determination byET-AAS

Ali MOGHIMI 1* -Majid ABDOUS 2-Masoumeh MALMIR 1

1Department of Chemistry, Pishva Varamin Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

1Department of Chemistry, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran

* Corresponding author. E- mail: Kamran9537@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new approach for a cloud point extraction-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method was used for determining bismuth. The aqueous analyte was acidified with sulfuric acid (pH 3.0–3.5). Triton X-114 was added as a surfactant and 2-propylpiperidine-1-carbodithioate (PPCD) was used as a complexing agent. After phase separation at 50 ◦C based on the cloud point separation of the mixture, the surfactant-rich phasen was diluted using tetrahydrofuran (THF). Twenty microliters(20 µL) of the enriched solution and 10 µl of 0.1% (w/v) Pd(NO3)2 as chemical modifier were dispersed into the graphite tube and the analyte determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. After optimizing extraction conditions and instrumental parameters, a preconcentration factor of 195 was obtained for a sample of only 10 mL. The detection limit was 0.04 ng ml−1 and the analytical curve was linear for the concentration

range of 0.04–0.70 ng mL−1. Relative standard deviations were <5%. The method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of bismuth in water samples. Keywords: Cloud point extraction; Bismuth; Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry; 2-propylpiperidine-1-carbodithioate (PPCD);Tap water. P 569

Extraction of Food Colorant from red beet

Somayeh baghipour 1, Ali Reza Fakhari 2 1 Solid waste management group, Institute for

Environmental Resercher, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Resercher (A.C.E.C.R.),

Siadati Street, Melat Avenue, Rasht, Iran, Box 41635-3114

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Islamic

Republic of Iran Abstract

In this work, extraction of food colorant from red beet and evaluation of its stability by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer was studied. After the step of preparation of red beets, different methods of extraction (solid- liquid extraction and juicing) and effective process parameters such as pH, temperature, light and darkness were evaluated. The extraction of pigment by a juicing method is better than other and it the most stability at temperatures less than 25 ºC, pH = 5 and darkness. Due to the specification of red beet pigment it has the considerable potential for use in the food industry particularly in food cold products. Keywords: Red beet, Betacyanins, Extraction, Concentration stability, Spectral characteristics, food colorant P 570

Application of modified magnetite nanoparticles as a sorbent for separation/preconcentration of trace amounts of silver(I) and its determination

by flame atomic absorption spectrometry Mohammad Ali Karimi ٭, Laleh Sotudehnia,

Asghar Askarpour Kabir Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience and

Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (NNRL), Payame Noor University (PNU), Sirjan, Iran

E-mail: m_karimi@pnu.ac.ir & ma_karimi43@yahoo.com

Abstract

A new method for separation/preconcentration of trace amounts of silver ion from aqueous samples was developed. The recovered ions were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). It is based on the adsorption of silver complex with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) on the surface of alumina coated magnetite nanoparticles (ACMNPs).

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The effective parameters such as pH, concentration of reagents, amount of nanoparticles, eluent type, sample volume, interfering ions, and etc. on the recovery of the analyte were investigated. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 5-10000 ng mL−1 silver ions with a detection limit of 0.16 ng mL−1. A highest preconcentration factor of 100 could be obtained for 500 mL sample volume. The relative standard deviation for measurement of Ag+ in our experiments were less than 5% (n = 5). Furthermore, this method was successfully applied for preconcentration of silver ion in water samples. P 571

Separation/preconcentration of calcium(II) and magnesium(II) in tea samples using eriochrom black T immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles

and their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Mohammad Ali Karimi٭, Hossein Naderi, Shahla Nezad Khorasani

Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (NNRL), Payame Noor University (PNU), Sirjan, Iran

E-mail: m_karimi@pnu.ac.ir & ma_karimi43@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple and rapid method for separation/preconcentration of calcium and magnesium ions using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified by the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and immbolized by eriochrome black-T (EBT) and their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been developed. The experimental conditions, such as effects of pH, reagents concentrations, the standing time, the sample volume, the elution condition and the interfering ions were investigated. Under the experimental conditions established in the optimization step, the procedure allows the determination of Ca2+ and Mg2+ with limit of detection of 0.018 and 0.012 mg L−1, respectively. Relative standard deviation (RSD) of Ca2+ (10 mg L−1, n=5) and Mg2+ (1 mg L−1, n=5) was 1.94% and 3.83%, respectively. At pH range of 7-10, the maximum adsorption of these ions onto the MNPs was above 96%. EDTA solution (0.02 mol L−1, pH=7.5) was used for desorption of adsorbed ions and coexisting ions did not interfere with the separation. As there are no observable effects due to changes in the volume of sample solution up to a volume of 1 liter, a preconcentration factor of 100 can be achieved. This method was successfully applied for the preconcentration of trace amounts of these ions in water samples. P 572

Solid phase extraction of Fe(III) from aqueous solution by purified carbon nanotubes M. Soleimani*, M. Ghahraman Afshar

Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini

International University, P.O. Box: 288, Qazvin, Iran

E-mail: m-soleimani@hotmail.com

Abstract Recently, raw and functionalized multi wall

carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) generally used as a sorbent for SPE. In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were oxidized with H2O2, KMnO4, HNO3, KIO3 and H2SO4. Their physicochemical properties were investigated by laser particle examination, Boehm’s titration, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermal analysis (TGA & DTA) and zeta potential measurement. The effect of pH, type of buffer and flow rate for quantitative enrichment of Fe(III) was also investigated. The experimental results show that Fe(III) adsorption capacities for five kinds of oxidized CNTs increase due to the functional groups introduced by oxidation compared with the as-grawn CNTs. The Fe(III) adsorption capacity of the as-grawn CNTs is only 0.50 mg/g , while it reaches ~ 1.3 mg/g for oxidized CNTs. A detection limit of 0.50 ngr/ml, a relative standard deviation 3.2% and a linear dynamic range 20 to 100 ngr/ml for Fe(III) were obtained. Keywords: Iron; Multi wall carbon nanotubes; Solid Phase Extraction; oxidation; P 573

Amidation of purified carbon nanotubes for

selective solid phase extraction of mercury(II) ions from aqueous solution

M. Soleimani*, M. Ghahraman Afshar Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini

International University, P.O. Box: 288, Qazvin, Iran

Email: m-soleimani@hotmail.com Abstract Raw and oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) unable to adsorption of Hg(II) ions. Then carbon nanotubes were oxidized with HNO3 and oxidized CNTs were amidized with ammonium acetate solved in acetonitrile. Their physicochemical properties were investigated Boehm’s titration, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermal analysis (TGA & DTA) and zeta potential measurement.In this work, amidized CNTs used as a new adsorbent for solid phase extraction (SPE) of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions. The effect of pH, type of buffer and flow rate for quantitative enrichment was also investigated. The experimental results suggest that Hg(II) adsorption capacities amidized CNTs increase due to the functional groups introduced by oxidation compared with the as-grawn CNTs. A detection limit of 5.00×10-4 ng/ml and a relative standard deviation 2.4% were obtained. The CNT–SPE preconcentration procedure showed a linear calibration curve within concentration range from 0.003 to 0.3 ng/ml for Hg(II).

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Keywords: Mercury(II); Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes; Solid Phase Extraction; Oxidation; P 574

Separation and determination of trace amounts of Tl(I) and Tl(III) ions in water samples after

dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction Sayed Zia Mohammadi a, Ali Sheibani b, Fahimeh

Abdolahi b, Yar Mohammad Baghelani a a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University

(PNU), Kerman, Iran b Department of Chemistry , Islamic Azad

University- Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran E-Mail: szmohammadi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was successfully used as a sample preparation method for flame atomic absorption determination of trace amount of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in water samples. In the proposed method, 1,2-dicholorobenzene and ethanol were used as extraction and dispersive solvents. Several factors that may be affected on the extraction process, such as extraction and disperser solvent, volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH and extraction time were studied. Under the optimal conditions, linearity was maintained between 0.1 to 8.0 µg mL-1 for thallium. The relative standard deviation for eight replicate determination of a mixture of 1.0 µg mL-1 thallium 1.9%. The detection limits based on 3Sb/m for thallium in the original solution were 0.03 µg mL-1. The proposed method has been applied for determination of trace amounts of thallium in water samples with satisfactory results. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; Thallium determination; Water samples P 575 Extraction of mebendazole from biological fluids with three phase liquid phase microextraction

based on hollow fibers Mahboube Eskandari *,a, Yadollah Yamini b, Lida

Fotouhi a, Shahram Seidi b aDepartment of Chemistry, School of Science,

Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author: Tel.:+98-21-88044040;

fax: +98-21-88035187 Email: Eskandari.mah@gmail.com

Abstract

In the present work, hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) followed by reversed-phase HPLC/UV was developed for extraction and determination of mebendazole in biological fluids. The drug was extracted from an 10 mL aqueous sample (donor phase) into an organic phase impregnated in the pores of the hollow fiber

followed by the back-extraction into a second aqueous solution (acceptor phase) located in the lumen of the hollow fiber. The effects of several factors such as the nature of organic solvent, compositions of donor and acceptor solutions, extraction time, ionic strength and stirring rate on the extraction efficiency of the drug were examined and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, preconcentration factor of 204, dynamic linear range of 1–1000 µgL-1, and limit of detection of 0.4 µgL-1 (based on signal-noise ratio of 3) were obtained for the extraction and determination of the drug in aqueous solutions. The method was applied to drug level monitoring in the biological fluids such as human plasma and urine and satisfactory results were obtained. Keywords: Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction; High performance liquid chromatography; Biological fluids; Mebendazole. P 576

Preconcentration of cadmium by dispersive

liquid-liquid microextraction for its determination by flame atomic absorption

spectrometry Nasser Dalali*, Atefeh Azizi

Phase separation & FIA Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran *Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was employed for preconcentration of cadmium prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone, H2Dz) was used as chelating agent in presence of carbon tetrachloride and acetone as extraction solvent and disperser solvent, respectively. Parameters affecting the complex formation and extraction efficiency were optimized. These include the solvents type and volume (both extraction and disperser), amount of H2Dz and extraction time. Under optimal conditions from initial sample volume of only 5 ml the enrichment factor of 20 was obtained. The linear dynamic range of 5- 400 µg l-1 with a detection limit of 0.3 µg l-1 was obtained. The precision for 8 replicate measurements of 25 µg l-1 of cadmium was 1.1% relative standard deviation (RSD).The extraction yield was 99.8%. A part from obtainable high enrichment factor, low consumption of the organic solvent is the advantage of this technique, which otherwise can cause environmental problems. Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid extraction, Cadmium, Atomic absorption spectrometry

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P 577

Zeolite-SiC in PVC matrix as a new SPME fiber for gas chromatographic determination of BTEX

Amin Chalabiani *,1, Amir Abbas Matin 2, Khalil Farhadi 1

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2Research Department of Chromatography, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and

Research (ACECR), Urmia, Iran E-mail: amin.chalabiani@gmail.com

Abstract

A piece of silver wire coated by mixture of zeolite and SiC with optimized ratio in PVC marix was used as a solid phase microextraction fiber and its efficiency for extraction of BTEX compounds from headspace of water and soil samples prior to gas chromatographic analysis was evaluated. The optimum conditions of microextraction process were selected and under optimized conditions, limits of detection for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-p-xylene and o-xylene were found as 0.66, 0.66, 1.66, 1.66 and 1.66 µg L-1, respectively. Low detection limits, wide linear dynamic ranges, good reproducibility (RSD% < 4) and higher mechanical durability due to its metallic base are some of the most important advantages of the proposed fiber. Keywords: Solid Phase Microextraction, Zeolite, SiC, BTEX, Gas Chromatography P 578

Fast Gas Chromatography: Design, Construction

and Application for Analysis of Nitroaromatic Compounds

S.Hajialigol *, A. Torab pour, A. Ghorashi, A.H. Alinoori, R. Khademi

Engineering Research Institute, Engineering Research Center of Esfahan. Detector group

E-mail: S_hajialigol@yahoo.com Abstract

Minimal time of operation in gas chromatography (GC) has been a research topic ever since the introduction of GC. Today, revived interest in fast GC is seen to be driven by applications, such as process control and high-throughput analysis, or by the desire to reduce the costs of operation and ownership in routine analysis. Numerous options exist for speeding up GC separations. Which option to select depends strongly on the application under study. This paper describes a fast gas chromatography (GC) equipped with mega bore column and combined with a low flow ion mobility spectrometry to achieve fast separation times and very low detection limits for the analysis of three common explosives. Keywords: fast Gas Chromatography, Ion mobility spectrometry

P 579

Analysis of testosterone in human urine using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and

corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry Sh. Mirmahdieh, A. Mardihallaj, Z. Hashemian , T.

Khayamian * Department of chemistry, Isfahan university of

technology, Isfahan, 84156-8311, Iran E-mail: taghi@cc.iut.ac.ir (T. Khayamian)

Abstract

Analysis of testosterone was accomplished using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry (CD-IMS). Molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) was used for extraction and pre-concentration of testosterone. Analytical parameters including precision, dynamic range and detection limit were determined. The linear dynamic range was from 10-500 ng mL-1 and the limit of detection was 1.1 ng mL-1. Furthermore, this method was used for analysis of testosterone in urine sample. A urine sample from 3-year-old girl was used as the blank. This method has potential to be used as an alternative in analysis of testosterone in urine sample. Keywords: Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS); molecular imprinted polymer (MIP); testosterone P 580

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction preconcentration of trace amounts of rhodium

ion prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

Elaheh Molaakbari a, Ali Mostafavi a, Daryoush Afzali b

a Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Science, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Science, Kerman, Iran.

E-mail:e.molaakbari@gmail.com

Abstract In this study, ionic liquid based ultrasound-

assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-USA-DLLME) of trace amount of rhodium from aqueous samples was reported. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 2.0-800.0 ng L−1 and the detection limit was 0.36 ng mL−1 (3Sb/m, n = 7). The relative standard deviation was also obtained ±1.63 % (n = 7, C = 0.2 µg mL-1). The results show that ionic liquid based ultrasound assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) is a rapid, simple, sensitive and efficient analytical method for the separation and determination of trace amount of rhodium ions.

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Keywords: Liquid-liquid dispersive microextraction; Room temperature ionic liquid; Green separation; Ultrasonic assisted extraction; Rhodium determination P 581

Separation and preconcentration of trace

amounts of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) ions in water samples prior to FAAS determination after

ligandless-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

Sayed Zia Mohammadi a, Daryoush Afzali b, Sodabeh Ghaseminezad a

a Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Kerman, Iran,

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Sciences, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran

E-Mail: szmohammadi@yahoo.com

Abstract Ligandless dispersive liquid–liquid

microextraction was successfully used as a sample preparation method for flame atomic absorption determination of trace amounts of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water and standard samples. In the proposed method, carbon tetrachloride and ethanol were used as extraction and dispersive solvents. Several factors that may be affected on the extraction process, such as extraction solvent, disperser solvent, the volume of extraction and disperser solvent, pH of the aqueous solution, interfere ions and extraction time were studied and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, linearity was maintained between 0.03 to 1.5 µg mL-1 for chromium. The relative standard deviation for seven replicate determination of a mixture of 0.3 µg mL-1 chromium was 1.7%. The detection limits based on 3Sb/m for chromium in the original solution were 0.01 µg mL-1. The high efficiency of ligandless dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to carry out the determination of chromium in complex matrices was demonstrated. The proposed method has been applied for determination of total of chromium in standard and water samples with satisfactory results. Keywords: Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; Solidification; Ligandless; Chromium determination P 582

Ligandless-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction after ion pair formation trace

amount of gold in water samples A. Iraji *a, A. Mostafavi a, D. Afzali b

a Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

b Environment Department, Research Institute of Environmental Science, International Center for

Science, High Technology & Environmental Science E-mail: aida_ikm@yahoo.com

Abstract In this paper, a simple ligandless-dispersive

liquid–liquid microextraction (LL-DLLME) method was proposed for preconcentration of trace amounts of gold ions in aqueous samples. An ion pair of AuCl4

- and Benzyldimethyltetradecyl-ammonium was extracted into carbon tetrachloride as extractive and ethanol as dispersive solvents. The volume and the type of extractive and dispersive solvents, the extraction time and the pH of the aqueous solution were optimized. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.0–250.0 ng mL-1. The limit of detection was 0.1 ng mL-1 in initial solution (3Sbl/m, n=7) and preconcentration factor was 28.57. The relative standard deviation for 10 replicate determinations at 20.0 ng mL-1 gold level was ±2.1%. Keywords: Dispersive liquid-liquid ; Preconcentration ; Gold determination P 583

Determination of nicotine, anabasine, and cotinine in urine and saliva samples using single

drop microextraction Fatemeh Kardani, Ali Daneshfar *, Reza Sahrae

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, 69315516, Iran.

Tel: +98-841-2227022; fax: +98-841-2227022. E-mail: daneshfara@yahoo.com;

adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir Abstract

A simple, sensitive, and inexpensive singe drop microextraction (SDME) followed by gas chromatography and flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) was developed for the determination of nicotine, anabasine, and cotinine in human urine and saliva samples. Under optimized experimental conditions, calibration plots were found to be linear in the range of 0.525.0 mg L-1, 0.5-65.0 mg L-1, and 0.5-45.0 mg L-1 for nicotine, anabasine and cotinine, respectively. The method detection limit values were in the range of 0.33-0.45 mg L-1. Intra-day and inter-day precisions for peak area ratios were in the range of 1.3-9.2% and 2.0-7.0%, respectively. The relative recoveries of spiked water samples ranged over 71.2-111.0 %, with relative standard deviations varying from 2.3 to 10.0%. P 584 Application of reverse micelles for quantification

of β-sitosterol and cholesterol in soybean and sunflower oils by gas chromatography-flame

ionization detection Fatemeh Kardani, Ali Daneshfar*, Reza Sahrae

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, 69315516, Iran.

Tel: +98-841-2227022; fax: +98-841-2227022. E-mail: daneshfara@yahoo.com;

adaneshfar@mail.ilam.ac.ir

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Abstract In this work, the forward and back extraction of

β-sitosterol and cholesterol in soybean and sunflower oils using reverse micelles followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was studied. The reverse micellar systems were formed by nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 solution. The effect of surfactant concentration and non-solvent on the extraction efficiency of analytes was tested. Under optimized experimental conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the concentration range of 1-25 mg/l with coefficient of determination more than 0.994 for both analytes. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.2-0.7 mg/l. Intra-day relative standard deviations were in the range of 1.2-6.3%.. The relative recoveries of oil samples ranged from 66.0 to 104.2%, with relative standard deviations varying from 1.6 and 9.4%. P 585

Chemical Modification of Yeast Cells for Determination and Pre-concentration of

Cobalt (II) ions in Environmental Samples Farahnaz Zoriasatein, Homayon Ahmad Panahi,

Nika Shakerin, Zahra Khamse safa, Elham Moniri 1

* Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Iran

1 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Varamin (Pishva) Branch, Iran

Abstract

A method is reported for surface modification of Yeast cells. The yeast cell wall was modified by Procion red a known regent for affinity chromatography. The resulting sorbent has been characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and studied for the pre-concentration and determination of trace Co(II) ions from environmental water samples. The concentration of the metal ion in the sample after pre-concentration was determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The sorption capacity of functionalized resin was 6.5 mg.g−1. A recovery of 94.5% was obtained for the metal ion with 0.5 M nitric acid as eluting agent. The profile of cobalt uptake on the sorbent reflects good accessibility of chelating sites in the modified yeast cells. The equilibrium adsorption data of Co(II) on modified resin were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models. The method was successfully applied for determination of cobalt ions in sea water sample. Keywords: Solid phase extraction, Cobalt, Isotherm study, Pre-concentration P 586

Development of homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction for determination organochlorine pesticides residues in water and fruit samples

Najmeh Yazdanfar*a, Yadollah Yamini b ,Mahnaz Ghambarian b, Nour ali Mohammadi a

aIranian Institute of R&D in Chemical Industries,(ACECR), P.O. Box: 13145-1494,

Tehran, Iran, bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Abstract

A fast and effective preconcentration method for the extraction of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was developed using a homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction based on phase separation phenomenon in a ternary solvent (water/methanol/chloroform) system. The phase separation phenomenon occurred by salt addition. After centrifugation, the extracting solvent was sedimented in the bottom of the conical test tube. The extracted OCPs were determined using gas chromatography–electron capture detector. Under the optimum conditions, the dynamic linear range of 0.03–100 µg L−1, and the limits of detection in the range of 0.01-0.02 µg L−1 were obtained for the OCPs. Using internal standard, the relative standard deviations for 1 µg L−1of the OCPs in the water samples were obtained in the range of 4.2–8.3% (n = 5). Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of the OCPs in water and fruit samples.

Keywords: Homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction; Organochlorine pesticides; Ternary component system; Gas chromatography-electron capture detector. P 587

Grafting of ion imprinted polymer to the surface

of silica gel as a new sorbent for preconcentration of uranium ions

Susan Sadeghi*, Anis Banaie Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of

Birjand, Birjand, Iran E-mail: ssadeghi@birjand.ac.ir

Abstract

New sorbents for solid phase extraction of uranium ions were synthesized by grafting of ion imprinted polymers on the surface of silica gel for selective solid-phase extraction of trace levels of uranium ions prior to its spectrophotometry determination. The effects of type of functional monomer, crosslinker monomer, the target ion to monomer molar ratio and type of the target ion on the pre-concentration ability of the sorbents were investigated. Among the synthesized sorbents, grafting of polymer consist of 4-vinyl pyridine as monomer and divinyl benzene as crosslinker to the surface of modified silica gel showed high extraction percentage of uranium. After choosing the suitable polymer, the effect of different parameters on the extraction and preconcentration of uranium ions were studied in both batch and column methods. The effect of different interfering ions on the selectivity of the new sorbent to uranium ions was investigated in batch and column methods. The

198

developed method was applied to the determination of trace levels of uranium ions in water samples yielding satisfactory results.

Keywords: Preconcentration , Ion imprinted polymer, Solid phase extraction P 588

Solvent extraction and separation of cobalt and

nickel by hexadecyl tri methyl ammonium bromide via anion exchange

Nasser Dalali*, Fereidoon Rahmani Analytical Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University, Zanjan, 45195-313,

Iran * Email: Nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract Hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide

(HTAB) was used to evaluate its extractive and selective behavior towards cobalt (II) and nickel (II) from thiocyanate medium. The influence of parameters governing the cobalt extraction efficiency, e.g. concentration of extractant and thiocyanate, solution pH, solvent type, rate and time of stirring were investigated. The extraction and separation of cobalt and nickel ions from purification cake of the zinc plant (Dandy-Zanjan), leached in sulphuric acid was investigated. The Zn, Cu, Pb and Fe contents of the leach liquor were removed by precipitation and pH adjustment. Cd was removed by extraction as its iodo-complex. The remaining leach solution was diluted with water and 10 ml solution containing about 50 mg l-1cobalt and 25 mg l-1 nickel, at pH4 and 0.05 M KSCN was extracted by 10 ml 1,2-dichloroethane containing 6×10-3 M HTAB. The recovery of Co (98%) from Co-Ni mixture was achieved after 6 minutes equilibration (at the rate of ≥600 rpm) in a single stage while Ni was co-extracted only 5.6%. Keywords: Co (II), Ni (II), Extraction, Hexadecyl tri methyl ammonium bromide P 589

Electromembrane extraction of amphetamine-type stimulants from urine samples followed by

high performance liquid chromatography Shahram Seidi 1, Yadollah Yamini 1,*, Morteza

Moradi 1, Ali Esrafili 1, Rouhollah Feizbakhsh 1,2, Tahmineh Baheri 2

1 Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran

2 Research centers of narcotic police, Tehran, Iran Abstract

A new microextraction approach namely electromembrane extraction (EME) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet (UV) detection for determination of amphetamines, including amphetamine (AM); methamphetamine (MAM); 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA); 3,4-

methylenemethamphtamine (MDMA) and Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine (MBDB) in human urine samples under physiological conditions was developed. Amphetamines migrated from 1 mL of different human urine matrices, through a thin layer of 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) and 5% tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) immobilized as a supported liquid membrane (SLM) in the pores of a porous hollow fiber, and into a 20 µL acidic aqueous acceptor solution present inside the lumen of the fiber. Equilibrium extraction conditions were obtained after 5 min of operation with the whole assembly agitated at 1250 rpm. The chemical composition of the organic liquid membrane was optimized at the first in the optimization process. The other variables of interest, such as extraction time, extraction voltage, the ion balance (defined as the sum of ions in the donor solution divided by the sum of ions in the acceptor solution) in the EME process, were optimized with the aid of response surface methodology (RSM) and experimental design. Firstly, a full factorial design at two levels (23) was used to choose the significant variables for the optimization. Secondly, the significant factors were optimized by using a central composite design (CCD) and the quadratic model between the dependent and the independent variables was built. Under obtained optimal conditions, target analytes were effectively extracted with recoveries in the range of 48-56%. Detection limits were less than 10 ng mL-1 and interday precision (n = 3) based on RSD were better than 10%. Keywords: Urine, Electromembrane, Amphetamine, Factorial design, Central composite design. P 590 Determination of Desipramine by Hollow Fiber Liquid-Liquid-Liquid Microextraction followed

by in-Syringe Derivatization and Gas Chromatography-Nitrogen-Phosphorus

Detection Mohammad Saraji*, Narges Mehrafza

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir Abstract

HF-LLLME coupled with gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus detection has been developed for the determination of desipramine in the biological samples (urine and plasma). After extraction, derivatization was carried out in syringe barrel using acetic anhydride as a derivatization reagent. The influence of derivatization reagent volume, derivatization time and temperature on the yield of the in-syringe derivatization was investigated. In the LLLME, the effects of different parameters such as concentration of NaOH as donor solution ionic strength, stirring rate, temperature, and extraction time were investigated. Under the optimized condition, the relative standard deviation

199

was less than 10%, the limit of detection was 0.4 µg/L and the enrichment factor was 110. Keywords: Liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction, In-syringe derivatization, GC-NPD, Desipramine, Biological sample. P 591

Electromembrane isolation of levamisole from some untreated human biological fluid samples Shahram Seidi, Yadollah Yamini*, Abolfazl Saleh, Morteza Moradi, Mohammad Hosien Naeeni, Leila

Ranjar, Ali Asghar Rajabi Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares

University, P. O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran Abstract

Electromembrane isolation (EMI) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet (UV) detection was applied for determining levamisole in some human biological fluids. Levamisole migrated from 4 mL of different acidic biological matrices, through a thin layer of 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) and 5% tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) immobilized as a supported liquid membrane (SLM) in the pores of a porous hollow fiber, and into a 20 µL acidic aqueous acceptor solution present inside the lumen of the fiber. A driving force of 200V was applied to extract the analytes into an acceptor solution. The electrical potential difference reduced the protein binding of the drugs and transported them. The parameters influencing electromigration, including volume and pH of the donor phase, pH of the acceptor phase, the organic solvent used as the SLM, stirring speed and the applied voltage and its duration, were investigated to find the most suitable extraction conditions. Within 15 min of operation at 200V, levamisole, were extracted from different untreated biological fluid samples with recoveries in the range 59–65%, which corresponded to preconcentration factors in the range of 118–130. The calibration curves showed linearity in the range of 0.5-1000 µg mL-1, 0.2-1000 µg mL-1 and 0.1-1000 µg mL-1 for plasma, urine and saliva respectively with a coefficient of estimation higher than 0.9847. Limits of detections were obtained 0.1, 0.07 and 0.05 µg mL-1 and limits of quantification were obtained 0.5, 0.2 and 0.1 µg mL-1 for plasma, urine and saliva respectively. The relative standard deviations of the analysis were found in the range of 5.6-9.7 µg mL-1 (n = 3). Human plasma, urine and saliva were successfully processed, and in light of the present work and the previous reports, electrokinetic migration across thin artificial liquid membranes may be an interesting tool for future isolation within chemical analysis. Keywords: Untreated human biological fluid, Electromembrane isolation, Levamisole.

P 592

Hollow Fiber-Based Liquid Phase Microextraction Combined with Gas

Chromatography-Electron Capture Detection for Extraction and Determination of Chlorpyrifos-Methyl, Chlorpyrifos and Bromopropylate in

River Water and Urine Mohammad Saraji, Mostafa Saadatifar

Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran

E-mail: saraji@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract Determination of three insecticides in urine and

water samples is proposed using liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Extracting solvent and parameters affecting the sample enrichment step, such as salt addition, stirrer speed, extraction time and temperature were carefully optimized. Good reproducibility of the extraction performance was obtained, with the RSD values ranging from 1.4 to 9.9 %. The method provided 71–201 fold preconcentration of the target analytes. The limits of detections were in the range of 0.016–0.04 ng/l. Real samples (River water, cow and human urine) spiked with the acaricides were examined using this method. RSDs obtained for analysis of real sample were lower than 7 %. Keywords: Liquid phase microextraction, GC-ECD, acaricides, water and urine sample P 593

Preconcentration trace amounts of thallium using solidification of floating organic drop

dispersive microextraction D. Afzali a, B. Bahadori a, b*, A.R. Mohadesi b, M.

Falahnejad a, b

a Environment Department, International center for Science, High Technology &Environmental Science,

Kerman b Chemistry Department, Payame Noor University,

Kerman E-mail:Bahadori.Behnoosh@yahoo.com

Abstract

In the present work, a simple and rapid technique of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was developed for preconcentration and determination of thallium in aqueous samples. In this technique, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was performed with rapid injection, 40.0 µL 1-Undecanol (extraction solvent) after addition of 1.5 mL 0.05% of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphtol (PAN) into the 10 mL sample solution that containing 500 ng thallium ion , then sample was transferred to ultrasound bath for 7 min. After centrifugation, the test tube was cooled in an ice bath for solidification

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of extraction solvent and then the solidified drop was transferred into another test tube. Finally thallium concentration was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after addition of diluent solvent. The effects of different parameters were studied and optimized. The proposed method was applied to determination of thallium ion in standard and water samples.

Keywords: Preconcentration, Solidification, Thallium determination, Microextraction P 594 Application of ionic surfactant as disperser agent in liquid phase microextraction of chlorophenols

from water samples Morteza Moradi, Yadollah Yamini*, Shahram Seidi,

Ali Esrafily

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University

Abstract

A simple, rapid, and efficient method, based on surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (SA-DLLME), followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the extraction and determination of chlorophenols in environmental water samples. In the proposed approach cethyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a disperser agent. Thirty five microliter of 1-octanol as an extraction solvent was injected rapidly into 11 mL aqueous sample containing 0.09 mM of CTAB, the mixture was then shaken for 3 min to disperse the organic phase. Having the extraction been completed, the mixture was centrifuged and 20 µL of sedimented phase was injected into HPLC for subsequent analysis. Some parameters such as the type and volume of the extraction solvent, the type and concentration of surfactant, pH, ionic strength, shaking time, extraction temperature and centrifugation time were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the preconcentration factors (PFs) in a range of 187-353 were obtained. The linear range, detection limit (S/N = 3), and precision (n = 5) were 0.2-200, 0.1 µg L-1, and 4.7-6.9%, respectively. Tap water, sea water and mineral water samples were successfully analyzed for the existence of chlorophenols by the proposed method.

Keywords: Liquid phase microextraction; Ionic surfactant; Water samples; High performance liquid chromatography P 595

Evaluation of the calcium, phosphorus and

copper content in fish meal by FT-NIR using PLS and Kernel PLS

S. Masoum,1* A. Alishahi,2 M. Shekarchi,3 H. Farahmand,2 N. Prieto,4

1 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

2 Department of Fisheries and Environmental Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Laboratory of Food and Drug, Sanitary Ministry of Iran, Tehran, Iran

4 Estación Agrícola Experimental. CSIC. Finca Marzanas, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain

E-mail: masoum@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract In the present work we study the use of Fourier

transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) technique to analysis the calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) contents of fish meal. The regression methods employed were partial least squares (PLS) and kernel partial least squares (KPLS). The results showed that the efficiency of KPLS was better than PLS. As a whole, the application of FT-NIRS with PLS and KPLS was as a suitable option for replacing the routine chemical analysis to assess the mineral content in fish meal, allowing immediate control of the fish meal without prior sample treatment or destruction.

Keywords: Calcium, Phosphorus, Copper, Fish meal, FT-NIRS, KPLS P 596

Infrared spectrometric monitoring of the microwave assisted synthesis of bio-based polyols

using multivariate curve resolution technique Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi 1*, Mir

Mohammad Alavi Nikje 1,2, Fahimeh Abedinifar 1, Amir Bagheri Garmarudi 1,2

1- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, IKIU, Qazvin, Iran

2- Department of Chemistry & Polymer Laboratories, Engineering Research Institute,

Tehran, Iran *Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com

Abstract

A new analytical approach was proposed to monitor the reaction between epoxidized soybean oil and diethylene glycol in the presence of ZnCl2 as an epoxide ring opening catalyst for microwave assisted synthesis of polyol. Infrared spectra of the yield were used as the input data, being processed by multivariate curve resolution – alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) for quantitative monitoring. The data obtained in different MW powers were analyzed by MCR factor analysis coupled with ALS optimization procedure. Standard deviation of residuals for experimental data and the variance explained at the optimum condition (r2) were 0.135 and 97.24% respectively. Keywords: infrared spectrometric, epoxidized soybean oil, microwave irradiation, chemometrics P 597

Sensitive and selective method for

spectrophotometric determination of cationic

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surfactants using Be–Chrome Azurol S– surfactant ternary complex

Mitra Hajihadi *

Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

E-mail: mhajihadi@gmail.com Abstract

This work presents a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for the spectrophotometric determination of cationic surfactants, Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB), dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB). The method is based on the ternary complex formation between Be2+, Chrome Azurol S (CAS) and surfactants at pH 5.4. The results showed that CTAB, DTAB and CPB could be determined in the presence of Triton -X-100 in the range of 8.0 × 10-8- 5 × 10-6 mol L-1, 2.0 × 10-7- 6.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 and 8.0 × 10-8-3.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 respectively. The proposed method, under the working conditions, was successfully applied to determination of CTAB in hair conditioner and CPC in mouth wash. Keywords: Cationic surfactants, TX-100, Be-CAS complex, spectrophotometry, Hygienic products P 598 Conductometric studies of the thermodynamics complexation of Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Mg2+ and Ba2+ ions with 4',4''(5'')-Di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-

crown-6 ligand in acetonitrile solvent Mahmood Payehghadr 1,*, Rahman Heidari 2,

Narges Eslami 3, Ali Akbar Babaei 4

1,* Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Karaj, Iran E-mail:

mpayehghadr@pnu.ac.ir 2,3 Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University, Abhar, Iran 4 Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University, Sari, Iran Abstract

The complexation reaction between 4',4''(5'')-Di-tert-butyldibenzo-18-crown-6 ligand and Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Mg2+ and Ba2+ ions were studied conductometrically in AN solvent. The formation constants of the resulation 1:1 complexes were calculated from the computer fitting of the molar conductance in various mole ratios and the enthalpy and entropy changes of the complexation reactions were deraived from titration conductometry at 10, 20, 30 and 40ºC temperatures. Formation constants of the complexe were evaluated from computer fitting of the molar conductance-mole ratio data at different temperatures, and found that complexes to vary in the order of Na2+>Ba2+> K+> Li+>Mg2+ at 20ºC Keywords: Conductometry, Stability constant, Crown ethers, Complexation

P 599 Remowal of Turquise Blue dye by Adsorption on

Walnut Shell M. R. Fathi, Q. R. Salehi ,S. Hafezi

Islamic Azad University of Gachsaran Email: jhnkeeper@yahoo.com

Abstract In this research , the capacity of walnut shell to

remove Turquise Blue dye from waste waters was studied. The Results show that the sorption capacity decreases with an increase in solution temperature from 25 to 55ºc and the optimum pH was found at basic rang , pH=10 . Results proved that walnut shells may be an excellent low-cost alternative for removal of Turquise Blue dye from contaminated waters. P 600

Removal of nickel and cadmium from

wastewater using chitosan shrimp M. R. Fathi٭, S. A. Ahmadi

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran

Email: s.ali.ahmadi64@gmail.com Abstract

Fresh water is a limiting resource in many parts of the world. This limitation is caused not just by increased demand for water, but also by pollution in fresh water ecosystems. Major water pollutants include heavy metals can affect human health. Cadmium and nickel are toxic and relatively widespread in the environment such as plating cadmium-nickel battery, mining, pigments, stabilizers, electronic products, welding products and alloys [1]. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limits cadmium at any level in fertilizers. A wide range of adsorbents has been used for removing Ni and Cd from contaminated water. Chitin is the most abundant natural biopolymer after cellulose and most abundant amino polysaccharide [2]. Chitosan is deacetylated polymer obtained from the alkaline deacetylation of chitin which is the component of exoskeletons of crustaceans such as shrimp and crab [3]. One of the most interesting advantages of chitosan is its versatility. The material can be modified physically, preparing differently conditioned polymer forms such as powder, nanoparticles, membranes, sponge fibers for varied fields of application (waste water treatment, biomedical, biotechnology, etc [4].) The adsorption capacity of chitosan depends on the origin of the polysaccharide, and on the experimental conditions in the preparation. This study shows that metal chelating capacity of chitosan for removal of Ni and Cd from wastewater is effective, especially at pH 7, as measured by atomic adsorption spectroscopy. The appropriate buffer that is used in this study is triethanol amine and the suitable eluent for elution of metal ions column is HNO3 , 2.5 M. Distilled water was used for preparing all of the solutions and the adsorption

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experiments were carried out at room temperature (25 ± 2ºC). References: [1] V. K. Gupta, C.K. Jain, Imran A. M. Sharma, V. K. Saini, Water Research 2003; 4038-4044 [2] P. Miretzky, A. F. Cirelli, Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009; 10-23 [3] S. Senel, S. J. Clure, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2004; 1467-1480 [4] E. Guibal, Separation and Purification Technology 2004; 43-47 [5] Feng-Chin Wu, Ru-Ling Tseng, Ruey-Shin Juang, Journal of Hazardous Materials 2000; 63-75 P 601

Pyridinium ionic liquid–modified silica as a sorbent for pre-concentration of iron in water

samples prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

Hossein Abdolmohammad-Zadeh*, Somayeh Shabkhizan

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, P.O. Box

53714-161, Tabriz, Iran E-mail: h.abdol@azaruniv.edu

Abstract

A simple and reliable approach has been developed and used for separation and pre-concentration of trace quantities of Fe (III) ions from aqueous samples prior to the measurement by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The method is based on the adsorption of Fe (III) ions, after forming complex with 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine), on a microcolumn packed with pyridinium ionic liquid–modified silica as a novel material for solid phase extraction (SPE). The sorbent was prepared by acid-catalyzed sol-gel processing wherein the surface of the commercial silica was chemically modified with 1-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate [Hpy][PF6] ionic liquid. The influences of different variables on the pre-concentration efficiency including pH of the sample solution, weight of adsorbent, concentration of chelating agent, flow rates of the sample solution and eluent, type, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume and interfering ions were investigated. In the optimum experimental conditions, the limit of detection (3s) and enrichment factor were 1.85 µg L−1 and 100, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for six replicate determinations of 50 µg L−1 Fe was 1.63%. The calibration graph using the pre-concentration system was linear in the range of 5−80 µg L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The developed method was validated by the analysis of certified reference material and applied successfully to the determination of iron in several water samples.

Keywords: Iron; Solid phase extraction; Pre-concentration; Pyridinium ionic liquid–modified silica; Water samples P 602

Trace determination of nickel in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after pre-concentration with ligand-less cloud point

extraction methodology Hosssein Abdolmohammad-Zadeh*, Elnaz

Ebrahimzadeh Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem, P.O. Box 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: h.abdol@azaruniv.edu Abstract

A very simple and ligand-less cloud point extraction (CPE) methodology for the preconcentration of trace amounts of nickel as a prior step to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been developed. The method is based on the extraction of nickel at pH 10.5 by using non-ionic surfactant polyethyleneglycolmono-p-nonylphenylether (PONPE 7.5) without adding any chelating agent. Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency were evaluated and optimized. The detection limit value of nickel for the preconcentration of 50 ml of aqueous solution was 1.22 µg l−1. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for six replicate determinations at 50 µg l−1 Ni level was 2.67%. The calibration graph using the preconcentration system for nickel was linear with a correlation coefficient of 0.9928. The proposed method was successfully applied to determination of trace amounts of nickel in water samples.

Keywords: Nickel; Pre-concentration; ligand-less cloud point extraction; flame atomic absorption spectrometry; water samples P 603 Preconcentration of Nickel in water samples by use of modified nano-alumina sorbent prior to

flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

Mohammad Reza Jamali 1*, Fatemeh Nemati 2, Maryam Rajabi 2, Alireza Asghari 2

1Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Behshahr, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran E-mail: mr_jamali@mpnu.ac.ir

Abstract

The presented study investigates application of nanometer-sized γ-alumina coated with sodium dodecyle sulfate- 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (SDS-PAR) as a new adsorbent for solid phase extraction and determination of trace amounts of nickel from environmental water samples. Conditions for

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effective adsorption of trace levels of nickel concentration such as pH, sample volume, amount of adsorbent, type and concentration of eluent were optimized in batch process. Nitric Acid solution could efficiently elute adsorbed nickel (II) ion from the sorbent which then was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The preconcentration factor was 50 (1 ml elution volume) for a 50 ml sample volume. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 0.33 µg L-1. The maximum sorption capacity of sorbent has been found to be 3.6 mg of nickel per gram of sorbent. The relative standard deviation under optimum conditions was 3.5% (n = 10). Accuracy and application of the method was estimated by using test samples of natural and synthetic water spiked with different amounts of nickel (II) ion.

Keywords: Nano alumina, Solid phase extraction, Nickel P 604

Spectral and thermodynamic investigation on interaction of calf thymus deoxy nucleic acid (CTDNA) with an anticancer analogue drug

meso-tetrakis (tetrafluoro trimethyl ammonium) phenyl porphinato nickel(II) acetate

Fatemeh. Fateminasab*, Nasrin. Sohrabi Department of Chemistry, College of Science,

University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran Email: ftmfatemi61@gmail.com

Abstract

In the first part of this study, the physicochemical properties of meso-terakis (2, 3, 5, 6 tetrafluoro-N, N, N-trimethyl ammonium phenyl) porphynato nickel (II) acetate, [NiII(TF4TMATP)] are investigated under various environmental conditions, such as ionic strength and concentration. The results represent no aggregation behaviour over the concentration range of 1.72×10-6 to 1.38×10-5 M. In the second part of this study, the interaction of [Ni(II)(TF 4TMATP)] with calf thymus deoxynucleic acid (ct-DNA) is considered using UV/Vis spectroscopy. The spectral investigations do not represent any isobestic point, which is consistent with there being more than one binding mode between [NiII(TF4TMATP)] and DNA. Also the results are consistent with outside and groove binding modes. P 605

Cloud point extraction and preconcentration of

trace amounts of Cu(II) ion as a dithizone complex prior to flame atomic absorption

spectrometric determination Nasser dalali*, Saeed mohammadnejad, Mahdi

Hosseini, Farideh Tofighi Phase separation and FI Lab., Department of

Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zanjan University,

Zanjan, Iran, P.O. Box 45195-313, *Email: nasser_zn@yahoo.com

Abstract

Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) was used as a complexing agent in cloud point extraction for the first time and applied for selective preconcentration of trace amounts of copper ion. The analyte in the initial aqueous solution was acidified with hydrocholoric acid (pH < 1) and Triton X-114 was added as a surfactant. After phase separation, based on the cloud point separation of the mixture, the surfactant rich phase was diluted with mixture ethanol/water and the analyte determined in the enriched solution by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. After optimization of the complexation and extraction conditions, a enrichement factor of 15.92 was obtained. The limit of detection was 0.005 ng mL−1. The proposed method was applied to the determination of cu(II) ion in water samples. P 606

Calculation of Formation Constant of Some

Transition Metal Ions with a new Schiff Base Ligand With Spectrophotometric Method in

Acetonitrile Solution Mahmood Payehghadr*1, Rahman Heidari 2,

Ali Akbar Babaei 3, Mohammad Mirzaei 4 1Karaj/Iran, Department of Chemistry, Payame

Noor University (PNU) E-mail: mpayehghadr@pnu.ac.ir

2Abhar/Iran, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU)

3Sari/Iran, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU)

4Abhar/Iran, Saina Hygienic Indust.Co Abstract

The complex-formation reactions between Cu2+, Zn2+ , Co2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions with a new

synthesized Schiff base ligand, PyTANO2, (Fig.1) has been studied by spectrophotometric method in acetonitrile at 25°C. Formation constants of the 1:1

and 1:2 (metal ion to ligand) complexes were evaluated from computer fitting of the absorbance-mole ratio data at 25°C temperature, and found that

complexes to vary in the order of Cd2+ >Zn2+>Ni2+>Co2+>Cu2+

P 607

Determination of Aliphatic Amines using fluorescence intensity of 4- methyl naphthalene

and 4-cloro naphthalene Mahboubeh Masrournia, Somayeh Sharafian*,

Razyeh Sanavi Khoshnood Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University –Mashhad Branch Iran E-mail: S.Sharafian@yahoo.com*

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Abstract Effect of aliphatic amines and their

concentration on fluorescence intensity of 4- methyl naphthalene and 4-cloro naphthalene were investigated. Spectral investigation of 4-melthyl naphthalene and 4-cloro naphthalene solutions containing amines compounds showed lower intensity at 370-390 nm for 4-methy naphthalene and370-410 nm for 4-cloro naphthalene (quenching region) as compared to pure solutions. The variation of florescence intensity could be used for determination of aliphatic amines in quenching region. Linear ranges for determination of amines in the quenching region were obtained from Stern-Volmer diagrams of 4-methyl naphthalene and 4-cloronaphthalene P 608

Simple spectrophotometric determination of

U(VI) in natural waters after it’s selective preconcentration by a novel SD-TP-LPME

method Parinaz Karimian*, Ali Reza Ghiasvand, Peyman

Hashemi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science,

Lorestan University, Khoramabad, IRAN E-mail: parinazkarimi@aol.com

Abstract

Liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction (LLLME) with directly suspended droplet has been successfully applied as a new, sensitive and reliable method for extraction and selective preconcentration of uranium (VI) followed by measurement of the trace quantities of the metal ion in natural waters. In this technique, a free suspended droplet of an aqueous solvent is delivered to the top center position of an immiscible organic solvent floating on the top of an aqueous sample whilst agitated by a stirring bar placed on the bottom of the sample vial. The uranyl ions were first extracted from the aqueous sample solution (donor phase) into an organic phase in the presence of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as a selective ligand and then was back-extracted into a directly suspended micro-droplet of an acidic aqueous solution (acceptor phase). Then, the micro-droplet was withdrawn into the microsyringe and immediately determined spectrophotometrically (λmax=405 nm) with dibenzoylmethane as a color developer. Under the optimal experimental condition (donor phase: 4.5 mL of 1 µg/mL uranium in aqueous solution with pH: 4, organic phase: 1 % w/v TOPO in 950 µL of 1-octanol, acceptor phase: 8 µL HNO3 1.5 M, extraction time: 4.5 min, back-extraction time: 11 min) a satisfactory linear calibration curve was obtained. Relative standard deviation was found to 5% and limit of detection was 10 ng/ml. The proposed method was successfully applied for measurement of uranium in natural water samples.

P 609

Flame atomic absorption spectrometric a determination of trace amounts of heavy metal

ions after Flotation extraction using Surfactant sodium Dodecyl sulfat

Mohsen Keshavarzi,Ebrahim Niknam, Abdolmohammad ghasemi

Islamic Azad University of gachsaran branch, E-mail:a.ghasemei@yahoo.com

Abstract

A rapid flotation method for separation and enrichment of ultra trace amounts of zinc, cadmiuom and silver ions from water samples is established. At pH 6.7±0.2 and with sodium dodecylsulfate used as a foaming reagent, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ag+ were separated simultaneously with 2-(4-mthoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole (MPDPI) added to 10ml of aqueous solution. The proposed procedure of pre-concentration is applied prior to the determination of these four analytes using Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). These ions can be eluted quantitatively with 2 mL 0.5 M HNO3 in methanol. The linear range of the determination is between 0.03-1.5 µg mL-1 for Cd2+, 0.02-0.9 µg mL-1 for Zn2+ and, 0.01-1.3 µg mL-1 for Ag+ with a detection limits for , Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ag+ were 0.9, 1.2, 1.1 mg ml-1, respectively. P 610

Interaction study of some antibacterial drugs

(sulfabenzamide, sulfacetamide) with metal ions (Co+2,Cu+2,…)by spectroscopy method (UV-Vis)

and Fluorescence. Mohammad Reza Ganjali*,1,4 Hodeis

Kheradmandi,2 Siavash Riahi,1,3 Farnoush Faridbod,4 Mohammad Javad Chichie,2

Parviz Norouzi 4,1, S. Meftah 5

1Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Mazandaran University 3 Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of

Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran ,

Iran 5Applied Chemistry Research Group, ACECR-

Tehran branch, P.O. Box: 13145-186, Tehran, Iran *Author for correspondence. Tel: +98-21-61112788;

Fax: +98-21-66495291; E-mail: ganjali@khayam.ut.ac.ir

Abstract

In this project we discuss reaction of sulfabenzamids and sulfacetamid to metallic ions (which are of sulfonamides family and be used as Antibacterial medicine) by UV-Vis and spectroscopic method. Because of different structure of this medicine, it shows different behavior to metallic ions. Fluorescence intensity of

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sulfabanzamids by complex producing increases and sulfactamids decreases. Calculation’s study on sulfabenzamid Co2+ and sulfactamid Mn2+ to distinguishing of activated site has bee studied be Games soft ware. P 611 Introducing and application a novel calibration

method in predication of components’ concentration

Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi*, Mohammadhossein Ahmadi Azghandi

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

The basic principle of Iterative Multivariate Calibration Algorithm was investigated, and used for simultaneous quantitative determination of some ingredients in commercial washing powders by ATR-FTIR spectrometry which demonstrates with serious spectral overlapping. With respect to calculated statistical parameters, iterative method is more useful in determination of these components in commercial washing powders. P 612

Application a decomposition algorithm for

infrared spectrometric determination of some ingredients in detergent

Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi, Mohammadhossein Ahmadi Azghandi

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

Email: mrkhanmohammadi@gmail.com Abstract

The basic principle of Doolittle Multivariate Calibration Algorithm (DMCA) was investigated, and used for simultaneous quantitative determination of STPP, SS and SC in commercial washing powders with serious overlapping. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for DAA is 0.141, 0.035 and 0.009 for STPP, SC and SS respectively which confirms the improvement in accuracy, in comparison with PLS (RMSEP for STTP, SC and SS is 0.118, 0.110 and 0.011 respectively). Keywords: detergent powder; infrared spectroscopy; chemometrics; P 613

Preconcentration and Determination of

Molybdenum from Water Sample Using Aniline- formaldehyde by inductive couple plasma atomic

emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) Hossein Sid Kalal 1*,Homayon Ahmad Panahi 2,

Nahid Framarzi 2 And Elham Moniri 3

1 NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEOI, P. O. Box 11365-3486, Tehran,Iran

E-mail: hsidkalal@aeoi.org.ir 2 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Iran. 3 Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad

University, Varamin (Pishva) Branch, Iran. Abstract

A chelating resin is prepared by condensation polymerization of aniline with formaldehyde and characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and studied for the preconcentration and determination of trace Molybdateion from environmental water sample using inductive couple plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).. The optimum pH value for sorption of the metal ion was 5. The sorption capacity of functionalized resin is 3.1 mg g−1. The chelating sorbent can be reused for 20 cycles of sorption-desorption without any significant change in sorption capacity. The best desorption of the metal ions from resin was obtained by 0.5 mol L-1 nitric acid as eluting agent. The profile of molybdenum uptake on this sorbent reflects good accessibility of the chelating sites in the aniline- formaldehyde. Scatchard analysis revealed that the homogeneous binding sites were formed in the polymers. The equilibrium adsorption data of Molybdateon modified resin were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models. Based on equilibrium adsorption data the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin constants were determined 0.533, 0.085and 0.547 at pH 5 and 20 °C. The method was applied for molybdenum ions determination from river water sample. P 614

Amberlite XAD-4&XAD-2 with diethylentriamine: synthesis, characterization

and applications as extractant for preconcentration and determination of rhodium

(III) in water samples by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)

Hossein Sid kalal*,1 ,Mohammad Hossein Mashhadizadeh 2 and Maryam Noroozi 2

1 NFRS, Nuclear Science and Technology Institute, AEOI, P. O. Box 11365-3486, Tehran,Iran

E-mail: hsidkalal@aeoi.org.ir 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Payam Noor University,yazd,Iran

Abstract A new chelating resin is prepared by coupling

Amberlite XAD-4 & XAD-2 with diethylentri-amine through an azo spacer. It was characterized by infrared (IR) spectra in the range of 500 – 4000 cm-1 and studied for preconcentration Rh (III) using (AAS) for rhodium monitoring . The optimum pH value for sorption of the metal ion for XAD-4 diethylentriamine 5.60 and XAD-2 diethylentriamine 7 . Sorption capacity was fond 0.533 mmol/g , 0.589 mmol/g of resin XAD-4 - diethylentriamine and XAD-2-diethylentriamine

206

respectively . A recovery of 100% was obtained for the metal ion with 1.5 M HCL as eluting agent . the equilibrium adsorption data of Rh (III ) on modified resin were analized by Langmuir and Freundlich models. Adsorption data were modeled using the pseudo- first – order pseudo-second – order and intra – particle diffusion kinetics equations. The method was applied for rhodium ions determination from (tap water , industrial waste water ,water of Spring samples ). P 615

Simultaneous preconentration of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) on silica gel-polyethylene glycol and

determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

N. Pourreza*, R. Mirzajani, A. R. Kiasat, R. Abdollahzadeh

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz

Email: npourreza@yahoo.com Abstract

A simultaneous solid phase extraction procedure for enrichment and determination of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been developed. The method is based on adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) ions on polyethylene glycol supported on silica gel (Silica-PEG) as an adsorbent. The adsorbed metal ions are eluted with nitric acid (1 mol L -1) and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of different variables such as pH, eluent type, flow rates, sample volume and amount of adsorbent was studied and optimized in order to achieve highest sensitivity. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 1-140 ng mL-1 for Cu(II), 1-40 ng mL-1 for Cd(II) and 2-100 ng mL-1 for Mn(II) in the initial solution. The limit of detection based on 3Sb was 0.60, 0.33 and 1.12 ng mL-1 for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II), respectively. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D) for ten replicate measurements of 20 ng mL-1 of Cu(II), Mn(II) and 10 ng mL-1 of Cd(II) were 4.91, 3.79 and 3.42 %, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) sugar and water samples. P 616

Simultaneous preconentration of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) on silica gel-polyethylene glycol and

determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

N. Pourreza*, R. Mirzajani, A. R. Kiasat, R. Abdollahzadeh

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz

Email: npourreza@yahoo.com Abstract

A simultaneous solid phase extraction procedure for enrichment and determination of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been developed. The method is based on adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) ions on

polyethylene glycol supported on silica gel (Silica-PEG) as an adsorbent. The adsorbed metal ions are eluted with nitric acid (1 mol L -1) and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of different variables such as pH, eluent type, flow rates, sample volume and amount of adsorbent was studied and optimized in order to achieve highest sensitivity. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 1-140 ng mL-1 for Cu(II), 1-40 ng mL-1 for Cd(II) and 2-100 ng mL-1 for Mn(II) in the initial solution. The limit of detection based on 3Sb was 0.60, 0.33 and 1.12 ng mL-1 for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II), respectively. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D) for ten replicate measurements of 20 ng mL-1 of Cu(II), Mn(II) and 10 ng mL-1 of Cd(II) were 4.91, 3.79 and 3.42 %, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) sugar and water samples. P 617

Adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) by

modified silica aerogel Maryam Shokouhi a, Hossein Faghihian b,*

1Yang Researchers club, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, Iran

bDepartment of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch, Iran

E-mail: h.faghih@sci.ui.ac.ir Abstract

The removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) by modified silica aerogel has been found to be pH, concentration, contact time and adsorbent dose. Modified silica aerogel was synthesized by sol-gel process in the base of tetraethylorthosilicat (TEOS) precursor and an appropriate 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a surface modification agent. The surface modified silica aerogels was studied by FT-IR, SEM, BET, TG techniques. The adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Adsorption capacities of 45.45, 35.71 and 50.00 mg/g were obtained respectively for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II). Adsorption isotherms clearly indicated that the adsorptive behaviour satisfies not only the Langmuir but also the Freundlich assumptions. P 618

Preconcentration of iron (II) by adsorption of its

1, 10 phenantroline complex on polyethylene glycol –silica gel

N. Pourreza*1, J. Zolgharnein 2, A. R. Kiasat 1, T. Dastyar 2

1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz

2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Arak University, Arak

Email: npourreza@yahoo.com

207

Abstract A new preconcentration method was developed

for iron(II) using polyethylene glycol-silica gel (Silica-PEG) as an adsorbent. Iron(II) as 1, 10 phenantroline complex is retained by Silica-PEG. The retained complex is eluted by 1.0 mol L-1 of nitric acid-acetone mixture (2:1) and its absorbance is measured at 509 nm. The effects of different parameters such as pH, concentration of the reagent, eluting reagent, sample volume, amount of adsorbent and interfering ions were investigated. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 1-100 ng mL-1 of iron(II). The limit of detection based on 3Sb was 0.85 ng mL-1 (n=8) and relative standard deviations (R.S.D) for ten replicate measurements of 10 and 40 ng mL-1 of iron(II) was 4.4 and 4.1%. The method was applied to the determination of iron(II) in water and pharmaceutical samples. P 619

Flow Injection Spectrophotometric

Determination of Ascorbic Acid Using N, N'-(Bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-

diamine as a Selective Fe2+ Complexing Agent abibollah Eskandari*, Mohammad Reza Shariati,

Abolfazl Bezaatpour Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic

Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 179, Iran.

E-mail: mshch2008@gmail.com Abstract

A simple and rapid flow injection spectrophotometric method for the determination of ascorbic acid (AsA) is proposed. The method is based on the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) by ascorbic acid, and the subsequent reaction of the produced Fe(II) with a new ligand, N, N'-(bis(pyridine-2-yl)benzylidene)ethane-1, 2-diamine, to form a colored complex (λmax=592 nm). The conditions were optimized in the flow injection (FI) system and applied with excellent results in the determination of vitamins C in commercial and pharmaceutical preparations. The calibration graph was linear in the rang of 1.0-40.0 µg ml-1 ascorbic acid, at a sampling rate of 100 injections h-1. The detection limit was about 0.2 µg ml-1.

P 620

A preconcentration-spectrophotometric

determination method for ultra trace amounts of nitrite in water samples using modified magnetite

nano-particles Habibollah Eskandari*, Mohammad Reza Shariati

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil 179, Iran. E-mail: mshch2008@gmail.com

Abstract

A new sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of

trace amounts of nitrite is presented. It relies on the reaction of nitrite with sulfamethazine to form a diazonium ion, which is coupled with 1-naphthylamine in an acidic medium to form an azo-dye. Modified Magnetic nano-particles (MMNPS) has been used as an adsorbent in order to enrichment of the produced azo-dye. The solution after preconcentrtion showed an absorption maximum at 485 nm. Calibration graphs were linear over the range of sub-ng ml-1 levels up to 45.0 ng ml-1 of nitrite with relative standard deviations lower than 2.0%. Limit of detection of the method was 0.020 ng ml-1. The method was successfully applied to analysis of natural water samples. P 621

Adsorptive separation of aromatic compounds from a mixture of C10-C13

n-paraffins by 13X zeolite

Hossein Faghihiana*,Leila Riazia,b,Mahmood Beigib

aDepartment of chemistry, Islamic Azad University. Shahreza Branch

bR&D Department,Iran Chemical Industries Investment Company(I.C.I.I.C.),Isfahan,Iran Corresponding author:h.faghih@sci.ui.ac.ir

Abstract

Adsorption of aromatic compounds from a mixture of C10-C14 n-paraffins in liquid phase has been investigated on granulated 13X zeolite. First, Characterization of 13X zeolite adsorbent was performed by XRD,XRF,FT-IR and TG & DTG techniques. In the second part of this work batch technique was used to investigation the adsorption behavior of the adsorbent. The influence of different parameters such as contact time, and amount of adsorbent was also studied in order to optimize the reaction conditions. P 622

Photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol over SnO2-ZnO nanostructure multilayered thin films

Nasrin Talebian*, Parisa Memarnezhad Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Islamic Azad University, Shahreza branch, I.R. Iran E-mail: talebian@iaush.ac.ir

Abstract

Multilayered thin film of ZnO/SnO2/ZnO/SnO2/ZnO has been deposited by Sol–Gel Dip-Coating (SGDC) technique. The multilayered films were crystallized at 550 oC. Five stacked layers film is examined for photodegradation of 4-nitro phenol (4-NP) as a model of organic pollutant under UV light irradiation. The paper focuses on the structure characterization of multilayered deposits using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) method and on the photocatalytic process. The analysis reveals structural inhomogeneities and different crystallite growth processes as a function of number of deposited layers. The influences of operating parameters on 4-NP degradation including initial concentration of 4-NP and

208

pH value of solution were examined. It was found that the photocatalytic degradation of 4-NP on the Multilayer films followed pseudo-first order kinetics.

P 623

An ion imprinted polymer-coated silica packed column for on-line preconcentration and

determination of uranyl ion Javad Fasihi 1,*, Mojtaba Shamsipur 2, Parviz

Ashtari 1, Alireza Khanchi 1 1Nuclear Science and Technology Research

Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Razi University,

Kermanshah, Iran Email: fasihij@yahoo.com

Abstract

An ion imprinted polymer-coated silica sorbent has been evaluated in an on-line preconcentration system in order to determine trace amounts of uranyl ion by inductively coupled plasma-Atomic emission spectrometry. The influences of the parameters such as flow rate of eluent, RF power of ICP-AES, nebulizer gas pressure and viewing height of plasma were investigated. The breakthrough capacity of the column and signal enhancement factor were 8.4 µmol g-1 and 230, respectively. The Limit of detection for proposed method was obtained as 0.089 µg mL-1. Finally the method was applied to determine of the uranyl ion in real water sample. P 624

Effect of Yttrium(III) and Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence using Silver Nanoparticles for

Determination of Ciprofloxacin Alireza Farokhcheh, Naader Alizadeh*

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. Iran

E-mail: alizaden@modares.ac.ir Abstract

A new method for determination of ciprofloxacin with sensitivity at the nano gram level is proposed based on the measurement of metal-enhanced fluorescence intensity signals resulting from the interaction of silver nanoparticles with ciprofloxacin. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by NaBH4 and silver nitrate in the aqueous solution. In addition, the effect of yttrium(III) in the presence and absence of different surfactants (SDS, SDBS, CTAB, Triton-X-100) is also studied. The fluorescence signals of ciprofloxacin were enhanced by both metal-enhanced and yttrium(III)-surfactant systems. Analytical figures of merits of two methods are compared with the other results in literatures. This method has been satisfactorily used for the determination of ciprofloxacin in tablet samples. In comparison with most of other methods, this method is quick and simple, has high sensitivity and good stability.

P 625

Spectrofluorometric screening method for antidepressant drug; fluoxetine in hair and

wastewater samples after the hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction pre-concentration

Zarrin Es’haghi 1, Pardis Karimizare 2*1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,

Payame Noor University, Mashhad, Iran E-

Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran.

Email: Pardis.ka2008@yahoo.com Abstract

Recently pharmaceutical applications continues to increase and these result in the environmental pollution. Thus, pharmaceutical control is a common technique in many labs. The aim of this project is determination a small amount of anti-depression medicine fluoxetine in the biological and bio-environmental samples.In this method, the organic solvent immobilized in the polypropylene hollow fiber pores and this fiber placed into the sample solution. The acceptor solution is contained within the lumen of the porous hollow fiber, so it is not in direct contact with the sample solution and the analytes after extraction from the sample solution(donor phase) into organic solvent, back extracted into acceptor phase and then introduce to chemical instrument for further analysis. The wasamain parameters which are affected the results; such as kind of organic solvent (1-octanol), donor phase, PH (7.5), extraction time (15 min.), stirring rate (800rpm),donor phase volume (6.5mL)and kind and concentration of surfactant (Triton X-100 ,0.76.10-4mM) were optimized. According to the statistic evaluations, the following results were obtained: the repeatability of the method which is a reason of method efficiency was examined and the values of the relative standard deviations, RR% (n=5) between 1.7 and 3.5, enrichment factors; 443,544, linear ranges; 0.1-0.005(µg.mL-1) and 1-0.005 (µg.mL-1) and the detection limits in the range of 1.8.10-4 µg.ml-1 to 3.7.10-4 µg.ml-1 for hair samples and hospital waste water were obtained, respectively. Keywords: Fluoxetine, Hollow Fiber, Microextraction, Spectrofluorimetry P 626

Speciation and Spectrophotometric determination of Fe (III) using of novel ligand(2-

(2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxocyclobut-2-enylidene)hydrozinecarbothiamide) and its

application in real samples. Reihaneh Aboutalebi , Mahboubeh Saeidi*, Ali

Darehkordi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vali-

e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran *Email: Saeidi@Vru.ac.ir

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Abstract 2-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxocyclobut-2-enylidene)

hydrozinecarbothiamide is proposed as a spectrophotometric reagent for determination of Fe(III). It gives a red-brown chelate .with λmax = 465 nm at pH= 3 ( ε = 1.33 ×103 ) .The ionic strength was kept constant at 0.02 by adding appropriate amounts of NaCl solution. In this wavelength region the reagent has no absorption. Using the Job and mole ratio methods, the composition was determined. The calibration curve is linear in the concentration range from 8×10-5 - 2×10-3 M .The effects of foreign ions on the determination of Fe (III) were investigated in order to assess the selectivity of the method. The method was tested in determination of Fe (III) in tap water, milk and serum. P 627

Preparation of polyacrylate coating on stir bar by sol-gel method

Talát Delavar Rafiee 1, Zahra Talebpour 1,* 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran E-mail: ztalebpour@yahoo.com

Abstract

The polyacrylate/silicone coating was prepared by sol–gel method and cross-linking technology and subsequently applied in sorptive microextraction. The underlying mechanisms of the coating process were discussed and confirmed by FT-IR spectra. The concentration of methylmethacrylate and silicone in sol solution was optimized. The obtained results proved that the coating to be quite stable at high temperature (to 250°C) and in different solvents (organic or inorganic). Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to investigate the properties of composite resulting of across-linked inorganic network via the polymerization of alkoxysilane with methylmethacrylate. P 628 UV-Vis spectroscopic study of encapsulation of

pesticides by Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes-graft-Poly (citric acid) Hybrid Materials

Nahid sarlak*, Asghar taherifar Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of lorestan, khoramabad, I.R. Iran

E-mail :sarlak.n@gmail.com Abstract

Polymerization of citric acid onto the surface of functionalized multi wall carbon nanotubes was led to MWCNT-graft-poly (citric acid) (MWCNT-g-PCA) hybrid materials. Because of the presence of conjugated citric acid branches, synthesized MWCNT-g-PCA hybrid materials were not only soluble in water but also able to trap water soluble chemical species and metal ions. Trapping of pesticide by MWCNT-g-PCA hybrid materials was

led to encapsulated pesticide onto the surface of MWCNTs. In this work MWCNT -g-PCA nanocomposites were used for trapping pesticides such as Zineb and Mancozeb in aqueous solution. The structure, characteristics of this system was investigated using usual spectroscopy and microscopy methods. The results showed that MWCNT -g-PCA nanocomposites may be a promising candidate for trapping of some pesticides from agricultural waste water. P 629

Design and evaluation of a copper (II) optode based on immobilization of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-

naphthol (PAN) on a triacetylcellulose membrane

Hossein Tavallali,*Hossein Malekzadeh and Maryam Ghanaat Pisheh

Payame Noor University (PNU), Shiraz, 71365-944, Iran

E-mail: tavallali@pnu.ac.ir Abstract

An optical sensor was established to determine of copper (II) based on the immobilization of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) on a triacetylcellulose membrane. Copper (II) ions react with the immobilized PAN and cause an increase in the absorbance of the membrane at 549 nm. The response time of the optode is within 10-12 min depending on the concentration of Cu2+ ions. This sensing phase had a dynamic linear range of 0.1-18 µg ml-1 of copper ions with a limit of detection of 0.025 ng ml-1. The selectivity of the optode to Cu2+ ion in the presence of other metal ions including Pb2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Co3+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Bi3+, Fe3+, Pd2+ and Al3+ is high, with the exception of Hg2+ and Pd2+ ions as the main interferences which can be eliminated by iodide as the masking agent. The sensor can readily be regenerated using ethylene diamine. The sensor could be fully regenerated, and the color is fully reversible. Keywords: Optode; 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN); Copper (II); Triacetylcelluose membrane. P 630

Synthesis of new modified molecular sieve, MCM-41-TDA for adsorption of Cu 2+ from

aqueous solutions. Maryam Naghavi, Hossein Faghihian*

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, I.R. Iran

E-mail:h.faghih@sci.ui.ac.ir Abstract

Ordered mesoporous silica with hexagonal structure MCM-41 was synthesized and modification was performed by post-synthesis method with tetradecylamine (TDA) .Small angle X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy were used to

210

characterize the samples. The synthesized material was tested for adsorption of Cu2+ in aqueous solution. Adsorption kinetic showed that the overall process is fast and maximal adsorption capacity of 345.01 Cu2+ / gram of the adsorbent was obtained. P 631

Mixed-micelle cloud point extraction for Speciation analysis of chromium in water

samples and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Maryam Ezoddin a, Farzaneh Shemirani a*,Rouhollah Khani a

aSchool of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Email: maryam ezoddin@khayam.ut.ac.ir Abstract

A simple mixed-micelle cloud point extraction procedure has been developed for speciation analysis of chromium in water samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). A mixed micelle consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Triton X-114 is used as extracting agent. Cr(VI) was complexed with 1,5 diphenyle carbazid (DPC) in an HCl medium and it was concentrated in the surfactant rich phase after phase separation. Total chromium is subjected to a similar extraction procedure after oxidation. Then Cr(III) has been calculated by subtracting Cr(VI) from the total chronium. The main factors affecting the mixed micelle cloud point extraction, such as concentration of HCl, DPC, SDS and Triton X-114 were investigated in detail. Under the optimum conditions, a detection limit of 1 ng L-1 with pre-concentration factor of 92 was achieved. Also the relative standard deviation for five replicate determinations of 0.1 µgL−1 Cr(VI) was 3.5 %. The proposed method was successfully applied to speciation of Cr (III) and Cr(VI) in environmental water samples .

P 632 Simultaneous determination of imidacloprid and

acetamicloprid by net analyte signal standard addition method (NASSAM) and

spectrophotometric technique Karim Asadpour-Zeynali*1, Leila Jaberi 2

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, E-mail: k.zeynali@gmail.com,

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU), Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

A net analyte signal standard addition method (NASSAM) was employed for simultaneous determination of imidacloprid and acetamiprid. This can be applied for the determination of analyte in the presence of known interference. In the proposed method determination is carried out in a single step for each analyte. The accuracy of the predictions against H-point standard addition method (HPSAM)

is independent on the shape of the analyte and interference spectra. The net analyte signal concept was also used to calculate multivariate analytical figures of merit, such as LOD, selectivity, and sensitivity. The method was successfully applied to the simultaneous analyses of imidacloprid and acetamiprid in surface waters. P 633

Lead removal from aqueous solution using

synthesized NaP zeolite: Isotherms investigation Akram Alavi*, Seyed Naser Azizi and Maryam

Abrishamkar Analytical Division, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar , Iran,

P.O.Box: 47416-95447 E-mail:Akram.chem@yahoo.com

Abstract Due to the poisonous and expensive of organic

additives for synthesis of zeolite, present study investigated synthesis of organic free P type zeolite from silicic acid and Al powder under hydrothermal condition at 100°C. Spectral characterization of obtained zeolite was investigated by XRD, IR and SEM techniques. Synthesized P zeolite, was evaluated for its ability to remove Pb+2 cations from aqueous solutions. Sorption isotherms of Pb+2 onto zeolite were determined at 30°C with initial concentrations of Pb+2 in the range of 325- 400 mg/L for 12 hours. The effects of initial pH and solution concentration on the adsorption process were studied. The results indicated that synthesized zeolite was a promising adsorbent for removal of Pb+2 from aqueous solution. The obtained results showed that the Langmuir equation have better correlation with the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity of synthesized NaP zeolite for Pb (II) was found to be 370 mg/g according to Langmuir isotherm. P 634

Preconcentration and determination of ultra

trace amount of cobalt (II) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in water and food

samples , Saeed Habibollahi, Nahid Tavakkoli *Davar

Naderi Department of Chmistry, Payame Noor

University (PNU),81395-671, Isfahan ,Iran E-mail: davar.naderi@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple, rapid and sensitive method of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was proposed for Preconcentration and determination of ultra trace amount of cobalt (II) using sodium diethyldithiocarbamat (NaDDC) as chelating agent. Parameters such as, pH, extraction and disperser solvent type and their volume, concentration and volume of the chelating agent, extraction time ,

211

interference effect, ashing and atomization temperature, and sample volume have been optimized. After optimization, enrichment factor 220 is optained for 12 mL of sample. Linear range of calibration curve, detection limit and relative standard deviation were 0.1-5 ng.mL-1, 0.02 ng.mL-1and 6.8%, respectively. This method was applied to the determination of Co (II) in drinking water, rice, corn and wheat.

P 635

Chemiluminescence Determination of

Pilocarpine Mohsen Keyvanfard*1, Ali Mokhtari 2

1Department of Science, Islamic Azad University-Majlesi Branch, Isfahan, Iran

2Department of Chemistry, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

E-mail: keyvan45638@yahoo.com

Abstract A new method using flow injection

chemiluminescence (CL) has been described for the rapid, simple and sensitive determination of pilocarpine hydrochloride (PH). The method is based on the CL reaction of PH with tris(1,10 phenanthroline)ruthenium(II), [Ru(phen)3

2+], and Ce(IV) in sulfuric acid medium. Effects of chemical variables were investigated using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimum conditions, the CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of the drug in solution over the ranges 0.12-40.00 µg/mL. The limit of detection (S/N=3) was 0.034 µg/mL. The method was applied successfully to the determination of PH in pharmaceutical formulations (recovery percentages between 98.9 and 105.0 %). Relative standard deviation for 7 replicates determination of 1.5 µg/mL of PH was 0.6%. Minimum sampling rate was 70 samples per hour.

P 636

Design novel optical sensor for determination of

Silver based on immobilization of Rhodanine on a triacetylcellulose membrane Fatemeh Bagheban Shahri a,b,*, Ahmad Akrami a,b,

Ali Niazi a,b a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

b Yong Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran

E-mail: bagheban60@gmail.com Abstract

A novel optical sensor has been proposed for sensitive determination of Silver ion based on immobilization of Rhodanine on a triacetylcellulose membrane. Chemical binding of Silver ions in solution with a Rhodanine immobilized on the triacetylcelluse surface could be monitored spectrophotometrically. The optode shows excellent response over wide concentration range 0.8-4.0 µg

mL-1 Silver with a limit of detection of 0.145 µg mL-1 Silver. The influence of factors responsible for the improved sensitivity of the sensor were studied and identified. The response time of the optode was 40 sec for a stirrer solution. The influence of potential interfering ions on the determination of 1.6 µg mL-1 Silver was studied. The proposed optode was applied to the determination of Silver in water samples.

P 637

Modified activated carbon as a green adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of trace Arsenic (III) by graphite furnace atomic

absorption Nahid Tavakkoli,*Saeed Habibollahi, Shahla Amini

Tehrani Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University

(PNU), Isfahan, I. R. Iran E-mail: Tavakkolinahid@yahoo.com

Abstract

A simple and selective method was developed for preconcentration, separation, and determination of ultra-trace amounts of Arsenic (III) in aqueous system by solid phase extraction graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Activated carbon were oxidized with HNO3 and modified by sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and were then used as a new and stable sorbent for solid phase extraction of Arsenic (III) in aqueous solution. Factors influencing the sorption and desorption of Arsenic (III) such as; volume and concentration of eluent, the sample pH and effect of interfering ions on the recovery of Arsenic (III) have been investigated. At pH 2 Arsenic (III) could be adsorbed quantitatively by NaDDTC-AC, and then eluted completely with 3 molL-1 HNO3. The amount of eluted Arsenic (III) was measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The method detection limit for Arsenic determination with GFAAS was 0.198 ngmL-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD, n =8) was 3.26% at the 10 µgL-1 level. P 638

Flourescence quenching of 7-amino-4-

methylcoumarin and 7-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin by series of anions

Fateme asadi*,Mohammad javad chaichi Faculty of chemistry , Mazandaran

university.Babolsar.Iran E-mail:fatemehasadi63@yahoo.com

Abstract Flourescence quenching of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin(1) and 7-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl) coumarin(2) have been studied at different concentration of a series of anions (Cl‾,Br‾,I-

,CH3COO‾,CrO42‾), at room temperature. It is

observed that the Flourescence intensity of both the coumarin compounds (1 and 2) decrease with increase in the concentration of anions. significant

212

quenching is evidenced from a concentration of 0.001mM with CrO4

2- and 1mM with other anions. The order of quenching was CrO4

2-> I-> Br‾> CH3COO‾> Cl . It was found that the quenching observed was of dynamic nature. P 639

Immobilization of Dopamine on

Gold-Mercaptopropionic Acid Self-Assembled Monolayer (Au-MPA) Electrode Studied by CV

and DPV Reza Karimi Shervedani*, Sonia bahrani

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, I. R. Iran

E-mail: rkarimi@sci.ui.ac.ir Abstract

Immobilization of dopamine (DA) on gold (Au) electrodes modified by mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) self-assembled monolayers (Au-MPA-DA SAMS) and its electrochemical behavior is studied experimentally in the present work. The MPA served for modification of the surface, and then, DA was immobilized via its amine –NH2 group on the modified electrode. Fabrication steps and analytical application of Au-MPA-DA electrode were verified by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH=6. The CV and DPV showed successful immobilization of DA, and thus, fabrication of Au-MPA-DA SAM biosensor.

Keywords: Self-assembled monolayers; Mercaptopropionic acid; Gold modified electrode; Immobilization of dopamine P 640

Kinetic Parameters of ORR and Appearance of

OFLD Element in this System Isa Kazeman Alanagh a*, Majid Jafarian a,

Mohammad Hasanzadeh a, Zahra Sharifnejad b a Department of Chemistry, K. N. Toosi University

of Technology, Tehran, Iran b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak

University, Arak, Iran E-mail: j_kazeman@yahoo.com

Abstract

Without having kinetic parameters and intermediate species at hand, finding an appropriate mechanism of ORR (Oxygen Reduction Reaction) is an impossible task. To compute the kinetic parameters by means of Ag/GC rotating disc electrode in an acidic solution, two values were obtained for electron transfer coefficient and reaction order was calculated through relative equations. Based on this information, an ECE mechanism has been proposed. Both the linear trend at middle frequencies in Nyquist plot and the special angle (45°) in Bode-Phase plot are indicator of OFLD element.

Keywords: Kinetic Parameters, ORR, OFLD, ECE Mechanism P 641

Electrochemistry of iron-pentacyanonitrosylferrate film modified palladized Aluminum electrode based on

multiple sequential adsorption (MSA) technique Hossein Dastangoo∗ , Fatemeh Poureshghi

Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

E-mail: h_dastangoo@tabrizu.ac.ir Abstract

Iron pentacyanonitrosyleferrate (FePCNF) modified electrode is presented on the basis of a simple chemical modification of palladized aluminum surfaces. metallic palladium on the aluminum electrode provides a suitable surface for the non-electrolytic deposition of FePCNF. The modified palladized aluminum electrode (FePCNF/Pd-Al) was prepared by multiple sequential adsorption as a new preparation method for obtaining pure films. The resulting modified electrode showed electroactivity at two redox centers. The electrochemical behavior of the FePCNF/Pd-Al electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The effect of pH in supporting electrolyte on the electrochemical characteristics of the modified electrode was studied in details. Diffusion coefficient of potassium cation in the film (D), rate constant of electron transfer (ks) and transfer coefficient (α) were determined. The FePCNF/Pd-Al electrode was used to electrocatalyze the reduction of H2O2. Keywords: Modified electrode, Iron pentacyanonitrosyleferrate , Palladized aluminum electrode, Multiple sequential adsorption , Electrocatalysis P 642

Conductometric studies of complexation of Zn2+,

Ni2+, Co2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions with Kryptofix5 in binary Acetonitrile-

Metanol mixtures Mahmood Payehghadr 1*, Neda Hesaraki 2, Mehdi

Taghdiri 3

1Payame Noor University (PNU), Karaj, Iran 2Payame Noor University (PNU), Abhar, Iran

3Payame Noor University (PNU), Ardakan, Iran Email: mpayehghadr@pnu.ac.ir Email:

Fatima_nadi@yahoo.com Email: taghdiri@pnu.ac.ir

Abstract

The interaction of 1,13–bis(8-quinolyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentaoxatridecane (Kryptofix5) ligand with Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Pb2+and Cu2+ ions in acetonitrile – metanol (AN-MeOH) mixtures has been investigated. The formation constants of the resulting 1:1 complexes were calculated from the

213

computer fitting of the molar conductance in various mole ratios.

Keywords: Conductometry, Complexation, Kryptofix5 P 643 Electrochemical oxidation of dipyridamole drug

in the absence and presence of 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole

Esmail Tammari*,1, Jafar Ahmadino 2 1 Payame Noor University (PNU), Asadabad center,

Iran 2 Payame Noor University (PNU), Hamedan center,

Iran E-mail: tammari@pnu.ac.ir

Abstract

The electrochemical oxidation of dipyridamole drug in the absence and presence of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry on platinum electrode in ethanol/acetonitrile (1:4) as solvent. The results show a two-step oxidation and a two-step reduction in reverse scan as counterparts. Bulk electrolysis of dipyridamole in constant potential demonstrated a 2 electron oxidation process. Voltammetry and coulometry investigations of oxidation of dipyridamole in the presence of 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole confirm attack of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole to oxidized form of dipyridamole, to form a new product via an EC electrochemical mechanism. was performed in these solvents and the progress of the oxidation reaction as a function of time was monitored through cyclic voltammetry P 644

Electrochemical synthesis of 4-(dihydroxyphenylthio)-6-mehyl-2H-pyran-2-one

with phase transfer catalyst assistant Mohsen Sargordan-Arani*a Davood Nematollahib aFaculty of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad university, Shahre Rey Branch, Tehran, Iran,

*Corresponding author; E-mail: mohsenfard555@yahoo.com (M.Arani)

bFaculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University, Hamedan,Iran

Abstract

The number of nature and synthetic 2H-pyran-2-one derivatives have been reported to exert notably with potential biological activity and medicinal application such as anticancer activity, hepatoprotective activity.on the other hand, Catechol derivatives are a promising group of compounds worthwhile for further investigation, which may lead to the discovery of selective acting, biodegradable agrochemicals having high human, animal and plant compatibility.In this work The4-(dihydroxyphenylthio)-6-mehyl-2H-pyran-2-one derivatives have been synthesized by direct

electrochemical oxidation of catechols in the presence of 4-mercapto-6-mehyl-2H-pyran-2-one(compound 1) as a nucleophile in a one-pot process, by applying phase association conditions at carbon rod electrode, in an undivided cell and in constant current conditions using cyclic voltammetry in high yield and purity, using this environmentally friendly method with , through an EC mechanism. The products are characterized by spectra data.

P 645 Electrochemical and spectroscopic investigation of pH effect on the interaction of Eu3+ ions with

short single strand DNA sequence, Computational studies

Hoda Ilkhani a,b, Mohamad Reza Ganjalib,c, Majid Arvand a, Siavash Riahib,d, Parviz Norouzi b,c

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 1914, Rasht, Iran

b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran c Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,

Iran d Institute of petroleum Engineering, Faculty of

Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran Corresponding author. Tel.: +98 21 61112788; fax:

+98 21 66405141. E-mail address :ganjali@khayam.ut.ac.ir (M.R.

Ganjali).

Abstract For the first time, interaction of short single

strand DNA (ssDNA) sequence and Eu3+ was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. It was shown that the interaction with Eu3+ ions with ssDNA depended on the pH and pKa ssDNA bases. Keywords: Samarium; ssDNA; Cyclic voltammetry; Differential pulse voltammetry; Spectroscopy; Computational studies; SBKJC P 646

Electrochemical and spectroscopic investigation of interaction of Yb3+ ions with short single

strand DNA sequence for better understanding of Yb3+─ssDNA complexes.

Hoda Ilkhani a,b, Mohamad Reza Ganjalib,c, Majid Arvand a, Parviz Norouzi b,c

a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 1914, Rasht, Iran

b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran c Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,

Iran

;Corresponding author. Tel.: +98 21 61112788 ٭

fax: +98 21 66405141. E-mail address :ganjali@khayam.ut.ac.ir (M.R.

Ganjali).

214

Abstract In this work, for the first time the

electrochemical behavior of the Yb3+ and Yb3+ ion interaction with short single strand DNA (ssDNA) sequence in two pHs was studied. Then the UV-Vis spectroscopic method was used for supporting these evidences. The interaction between Yb3+ and ssDNA have different binding mode in different pHs. The ratio between [Yb3+] and [ssDNA] is dependence to pH and pKa of DNA bases. P 647

Electrochemical study of poly(o- propylaniline)/Ag nanocomposite

S.M.Seyed mohaghegh*,1, F.Ansari 2 ,A.Ghorbani 2 1Iran Polymer &Petrochemical Institute (IPPI) PO

Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran 2Islamic azad university, Save branch

Abstract

The electropolymerisation poly(o-propylaniline) and poly(o-propylaniline)/Ag (PoPrANI/Ag) nanocomposites were prepared by in-situ oxidative polymerization of (o-propylaniline) Ag nanoparticles. The formation of poly(o-propylaniline)/Ag nanocomposites was characterized by Cyclic voltammetry (CV). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the electrochemical properties poly(o propylaniline)/Ag .CV and EIS results show that the (PoPrANI)/Ag film exhibits considerably higher electroactivity compared with poly(o propylaniline) film without Ag particles. Keywords: electropolymerisation, cyclic voltammetry, poly(o-propylaniline)/silver, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), nanocomposites P 648

Application of 2-hydroxy-1(1-hydroxy naphtyl-

2-azo)-naphthalin-4-sulfunic acid as a new mediator for simultaneous determination of

dopamine and uric acid Ali A. Ensafi*, Samira Dadkhah-Tehrani

E-Mail: Ensafi@cc.iut.ac.ir Abstract

A novel polymerized film of 2-hydroxy-1(1-hydroxy naphtyl-2-azo)-naphthalin-4-sulfunic acid (HHNANSA) was prepared at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization. Then, the modified electrode was successfully used to simultaneously determine dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The electrochemical behaviors of the compounds in this modified electrode were studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperommetry and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The results indicated that the modified electrode exhibited an efficient electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of DA and UA with a peak separation about 140 mV at pH

5.0. The calibrations range were as 1.0 – 300 µmol L-1 DA and 6.7 – 20 µmol L-1 UA, with a limit of detection of 0.25 µmol L–1 and 1.17 µmol L-1 DA and UA, respectively. P 649

Influence of gold nanoparticles modified electrode for the voltammetric determination of

trace amount of phenylephrine M. Behpour*, M. Rezaei and S.M. Ghoreishi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran

E-mail: m.Behpour@Kashanu.ac.ir Abstract

A carbon paste electrode modified with gold nanoparticles (n-AuCPE) achieved by thoroughly mixing pure graphite powder with colloidal gold nanoparticles and paraffin. The modified electrode has been proposed for voltammetric determination of trace amount of phenylephrine (PHE). The CVs of PHE at the n-AuCPE in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution (pH=7.2) shows that the oxidation processes of PHE is irreversible and linear relationship between the anodic peak current and the square root of scan rate indicates a diffusion controlled oxidation process at the n-AuCPE. The n-AuCPE exhibits obvious catalytic ability to PHE since it not only greatly enhances the oxidation peak current of PHE; but also decreases the oxidation over potential. The relationship between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of PHE was examined using differential pulse voltammetry. It is found that the oxidation peak current is proportional to the concentration of PHE over the range from 3.0 × 10-7 to 1.2 × 10-4 mol L-1, and the detection limit reached 4.5 × 10-8. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to the determination of PHE in nasal decongestant, human serum and urine. P 650

A nano sensor base multi-wall carbon paste

naotubes–TiO2 paste electrode and p-aminophenol as the mediator for determination

of penicillamine in presence of uric acid Ali A. Ensafi*, Behzad Rezaei, Elaheh Khoddami

E-Mail: Ensafi@cc.iut.ac.ir

Abstract In this work, p-aminophenol is used as a

mediator and multiwall carbon nanotubes–TiO2 as a sensor in rapid, sensitive, and highly selective voltammetric determination of penicillamine (PA) in the presence of uric acid (UA). The peaks potential of PA and UA are separated with a difference of 215 mV, using DPV. Finally, the sensor is examined as a selective, simple, and precise new electrochemical sensor for the determination of PA in real samples in the presence of UA.

215

P 651

Midazolam_tetraphenylborate- modified carbon paste electrode

for the potentiometric determination of midazolam

M. Najafi*, N. Gorbani Jeiran, A. Arjmandinejad, M. Rahimi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.

mnajafi@ihu.ac.ir Abstract

The construction and general performance of a novel modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of midazolam have been developed. The electrode shows a stable, potentiometric response for midazolam in the concentration range 5×10-3 - 1×10-5 M at 25 °C independent of pH in the range 3 – 5. The electrode passes a near Nernstian cationic slope of 19±0.2 mV and lower detection limit of 1×10-6 M with a fast response time of 25-75s. Selectivity coefficients for midazolam relative to a number of interfering substances were investigated. There is a negligible interference from the studied cautions and pharmaceutical excipients.

P 652

Electrochemical azido-selenenylation of some

olefins

A. Rouhollahi 1, Z. Asghari, B. Movassagh Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15418,

Iran. Email: rouhollahi@kntu.ac.ir

Abstract

Electrochemical azido-phenylselenenylation of some olefins was studied with the oxidation of diphenyl diselenide in the presence of some olefins and Sodium azide in dimethyl formamide containing tetra butyl ammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte in an H-type cell. The electrochemical oxidation of the mixture of (phSe)2, olefins and NaN3 was studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry. Anti product can be obtained with Markovnikov orientation. This product was characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy.

P 653

Voltammetric Determination of Uric Acid in Presence of Ascorbic Acid by using Cobalt methyl- salophen Carbon Paste Electrode Mandana Amiri a,*, Zohreh Pakdel a, Abolfazl

Bezaatpour b a* Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor

University (PNU), Ardabil, Iran, Email: m_amiri@pnu.ac.ir

bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil

Abstract Cobalt methyl-salophen was applied as modifier

for determination of Uric Acid in presence of Ascorbic Acid; it has electrocatalytic effect for their oxidation. The effects of pH and scan rate were studied. The prepared modified electrode exhibits a very good resolution between the voltammetric peaks of ascorbic acid and uric acid in acetate buffer pH 4 nearly 310 mV, which makes it suitable for the simultaneous detection of uric acid and ascorbic acid in clinical and pharmaceutical preparations. A detection limit of 8×10-9 M was obtained using differential pulse voltammetry. The modified electrode was used for uric acid detection in real sample. P 654

Detection of trace levels of Lead toxic ions by

carbon paste electrode modified with Pb2+ imprinted polymer

Taher Alizadeh*a, somayeh amjadi a a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil, Iran E-mail: Alizadeh@uma.ac.ir

Abstract

A simple and selective electrode was introduced for determination of Pb2+ toxic ions in real samples. Selective cavities having considerable affinity for Pb2+ were created in the methacrylic acid base cross-linked polymer as so called ion imprinted polymer. Carbon particles and IIP/NIP powder were mixed with melted n-eicosane and then it was used for electrode fabrication. The obvious difference was observed between responses of the electrodes modified with IIP and NIP, indicating properly functioning of recognition sites in the IIP structure, created in the polymerization step. Various factors affective on the response behavior of the electrode were investigated and optimized. The introduced sensor showed linear range of 5.0×10-8- 9.0×10-6 M. The detection limit of this method was calculated to be 5×10 -9M. The sensor was successfully applied for lead determination in real samples. P 655 Application of reversed-phase dispersive liquid–

liquid microextraction for sensitive HPLC determination of hydroxytyrosol in olive oil

Payman Hashemi*, Fariba Nazari Serenjeh and Ali Reza Ghisvand

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran E-mail: payman hashemi@yahoo.com;

hashemi.p@lu.ac.ir Abstract

A recently developed method termed as reversed-phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME) coupled to HPLC was used for extraction and determination of hydroxytyrosol (HTy) as a phenolic compound with

216

high antioxidant activity, in virgin olive oil. For RP-DLLME, 0.2 mL ethyl acetate (as disperser) and 100 µL water (pH 11) (as extraction solvent) were mixed and the mixture was rapidly injected into a mixture of 2.0 ml virgin olive oil and 2.0 ml cyclohexane (as diluter). A cloudy solution was formed that was centrifuged and the sedimented aqueous micro-drop was directly injected into HPLC. Volume of water and ethyl acetate, pH of water and centrifuge time as four effective parameters on extraction of HTy were optimized by a central composite design (response surface) method. Five replicated analysis at the optimized conditions, resulted in a recovery of 108.36% and an RSD of 5.75. The detection limit of the method (3σ) for HTy was 3.01×10-12 mg. Keywords: RP-DLLME, HPLC, Hydroxytyrosol, Olive Oil P 656

Optimization of condition for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by alcoholic

assistant dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

Mohammad Hosein fathemi, Mohammad Reza Hadjmohammadi, Panteha Shakeri, Pouria

Biparva, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar,

I.R. Iran Abstract

Alcoholic assistant dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (AA-DLLME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV detection was applied for the extraction and determination of five PAHs in water samples. An appropriate mixture of methanol (disperser solvent) and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (extraction solvent) was injected rapidly into a water sample containing PAHs. After extraction, flouting phase was analyzed by HPLC-UV. Full factorial design(FD) was used for selection of important factors and then central composite design(CCD) was used for determination of optimum conditions, which are: extraction solvent: 100µl of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, disperser solvent ,methanol: 700µL, 1gr NaCl salt and stirring time of 5 min). Detection limit of PAHs were determined that are; naphthalene:0.2ng/ml, phenanthrene: 2ng/ml, anthracene: 4ng/ml,fluoranthene: 4ng/ml and pyrene: 1ng/ml). The relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) for the extraction and determination of of PAHs in the aqueous samples was 2.2%. The results showed that AA-DLLME is a very simple, rapid, sensitive and efficient analytical method for the determination of trace amount of PAHs in water samples and suitable results were obtained. P 657

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction with

Solidification of a Floating Organic Drop for

Determination and Preconcentration of Curcumin .

Payman Hashemi *, Malihe Naderlou, Ali Reza Ghiasvand;Mehdi Safdarian

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran E-mail:payman_hashemi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Curcumin, a derivative of the plant Curcuma longer, is used extensively in the food industry. It is a major component of curry powder, and research has shown that curcumin may prevent cancer and other chronic diseases. In this work, a dispersive liquid - liquid microextraction based on solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) was developed as an analytical method for the determination and preconcentration of curcumin. The method involves extracting the curcumin from 1.3 ml acetone (disperser solvent) with 50 µl 1-dodecanol (organic solvent) in an aqueous medium with subsequent spectrophotometric determination of the extract at 419 nm after dilution by methanol. Effects of ionic strength, extraction and disperser solvents' volume, and pH were investigated and optimized by using a response surface method. In the optimized conditions, quantitative extraction of curcumin was obtained with a mean recovery of 98% and an RSD of 2.2% for five replicates. P 658

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrite by an

efficient electrochemical sensor based on poly (4-aminoacetanilide) film using carbon paste

electrode Reza Ojani*, Jahan-Bakhsh Raoof, Vanoushe

Rahemi Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of

Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I.R. Iran

E-mail address: fer-o@umz.ac.ir Abstract

In this study, the electrochemical reduction of nitrite was investigated on poly (4- aminoacetanilide) (PPAA) forming by cyclic voltammetry at the surface of carbon paste electrode. The electrochemical properties of this modified electrode have been studied by cyclic voltammetry and double potential step chronoamperometry. Results showed that in the optimum condition (pH= 0.00) the reduction of nitrite occurred at a potential about 667 mV more positive than that unmodified carbon paste electrode. Using a chronoamperometric method, the catalytic rate constant (k) was calculated 8.4× 104 cm3 mol-1 s-1. Also, the electrocatalytic reduction peak currents was found to be linear with the nitrite concentration in the ranges of 5×10-4 M to 2.5×10-2 M and 2×10-5 M to 7×10-3 M With detection limits (2σ) were determined as 4.5×10-4 M and 1×10-5 M by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and hydrodynamic amperometry methods respectively.

217

P 659 Chemiluminescence detection of vitamins B1, B6

and D3 in luminal-hypochlorite system M. Heidarpour*, J. Chaichi and S.N. Azizi

Faculty of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, I.R. Iran

E-mail: jchaichi@yahoo.com Abstract

The quenching effect of vitamins B1, B6 and D3 were studied in detail. The relationship between the chemiluminescence intensity and concentrations of luminol, and pH are reported. The system resulted in a nice Stern–Volmer plot with a kQ value of 1.07×10−3 M−1, in the quencher concentration range of 1.52×10−4, 1.36× 10−3 M. The linear correlation between the decay rate constant of the resulting chemiluminescence and the quencher concentration was also investigated. P 660

Fluorescence quenching of newly synthesized

polyfunctionalized amino furan by Some chlorophenols and phenols

Parmis Shakeri*,Mohammad javade chaichi and S.N.Azizi

Faculty of chemistry, University of Mazandaran,Babolsar, , I.R. Iran

E-mail: p_shakeri@umz.ac.ir

Abstract Fluorescence quenching of newly synthesized

polyfunctionalized amino furan by Some chlorophenoles in acetonitrile solvent have been reported. synthesized amino furan has intense fluorescence and because of the importance of chlorophenols and phenols in environmental protection, choose them for quenching investigations. All the measurements were carried out at room temperature. Amino furan concentration was kept as low as 1×10−5M to avoid self-quenching or inner filter effects and quencher concentrations were varied from 0.00 to 0.01M in all the measurements. The results show that the quenching observed had dynamic nature. maximum collisional quenching constant (Ksv) of various kinds of quenchers to amino furan was 205 M−1. The experimental values are reproducible within 5% of the experimental error. It is also detected that quenching of polyfunctionalized furan had complete reversibility therefore a novel optical sensor for phenols and chlorophenols can be set up. P 661

Simultaneous determination of carbonate and bicarbonate mixture by proce -essing and

analysis of the images from the display part of a length of stain detector

M. Pakniat*, Z. Sardari khanjarlu

Department of Chemistry, persian Gulf University, 75161, Bushehr, Iran

Email: drpakniat@pgu.ac.ir Abstract

A permanent length of stain detector based on the reagents and indicators in titration method for simultaneous determination of carbonate and bicarbonate mixture in water was designed and constructed. Injection of a sample (1-5 mL) into the detector containing hydrochloric acid and methyl orange and phenolphetalein indicators produces a colored stain. Anyone can readily estimate the amount of analytes in the mixture from the area and color of different parts of the stain produced at the display part of the detector compared to standards. For more authorized studies by recording the stain image with a CCD camera all experimental parameters needed for analytical calculations were estimated from analyzing the processed images. Each calibration curve for the mixture ingredients has two linear range for the practical limits of concentrations. The linear ranges for carbonate determination were 0.033 - 0.0047 M and 0.0047 - 0.00028 M and for bicarbonate 1.65×10-6 - 6.6×10-5 M and 6.6×10-5 - 10-3 M The detection limit for each analyte were 1.7×10-4 M for Carbonate And 9.7×10-

7 for bicarbonate. Up to 11 Samples per hour can be measured by this procedure. The system in amenable to extend to other colored measurements frequently used as titrations. P 662

fluorescence study of interaction between amino

acids and esculetin Samaneh Kamangarian,1* Mohammad Javad Chaichi, 1 Mohammad Reza Ganjali, 2 Porya

Biparva 1

1Center of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2 Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: s_kamangarian@yahoo.com Abstract

The change of the emission properties of a coumarin derivative, esculetin(5*10 -6 mol L−1) in the presence of twenty aminoacids(10-4 mol L−1) was studied by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. Five amino acids showed quenching or enhancing of fluorescence intensity of esculetin. The quenching process was characterized by Stern–Volmer (SV) plots which display either the usual linear aspect (aspartic acid, glutamic acid) and determination of amino acids (lysine, arginine, histidine) at fluorescence enhancing using inverse fluorescence intensity against inverse amino acid concentration (bireciprocal plot) were investigated and related equations was also proposed. LOD and amino acid:esculetin mole ratio reported.

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P 663

Electrochemical copolymerization of 1-Naphthyl amine with o- Anisidin

B.Massoumi 1, M.Dashtban 2*, A.Banaei 2 1Payame Noor university, Tabriz-Iran, 2Payame

Noor university, Ardabil-Iran *E-mail:mozhgan.dashtban@yahoo.com

Abstract

Copolymerization of 1-Naphthyl amine and o-Anisidine was achieved electrochemically in aqueous solution containing methane-sulfonic acid (MSA) as supporting electrolyte. The copolymer compositions were altered by varying the monomer feed ratios during electrosynthesis.The films were obtained by applying sequential linear potential scan rate 25mv/s between-0.2 to 1.0V.versus Ag/Agcl electrode. Keywords: Electrochemical polymerization, copolymer, o-Anisidine, 1-Naphthyl amine P 664

Investigation of interaction between DNA and new indicator by spectroscopic and

electrochemical methods and effect of carbon nanotubes on interaction

Abdolraoof Samadi Meibodi *, Jahan Bakhsh Raoof,

Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar, Zahra Haghnavaz-Bazgir, Ezat Hamidi Asl

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran E-

Email:samadi@umz.ac.ir Abstract

The interaction of Celestine blue (CB) with calf thymus DNA in Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.00) was investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry and electrochemical methods at the surface of carbon past electrode (CPE) and carbon nanotubes past electrode (CNTPE). A hypochromic effect and small red shift with increasing DNA concentration in CB solution was observed in UV-vis spectra. Electrochemical studies indicated the peak current changes in the presence of DNA and the peak potential shifted towards less positive values. The experimental results demonstrated that CB and DNA strongly interacted together and the possible interaction modes between CB and DNA were the electrostatic and the groove binding. P 665

A voltammetric-partial least squares approach for simultaneous determination of levodopa and

carbidopa in pharmaceutical formulations

Afsaneh Safavi∗, Alireza Abi

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran

E-mail: safavi@chem.susc.ac.ir

Abstract Differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method

is proposed for the determination of levodopa and carbidopa, based on their oxidation peaks at the carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE). These pharmaceuticals exhibit serious overlapping voltammograms due to their similar chemical structures. The simultaneous determination of these compounds is carried out by the application of partial least squares (PLS-1) multivariate approach. The results showed that the simultaneous determination of levodopa and carbidopa can be performed in the concentration ranges of 9.9–271.5 and 11.3–67.9 µg mL-1, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of these pharmaceuticals in commercial tablets, with satisfactorily recoveries of 95.0% and 106.4% for levodopa and carbidopa, respectively. Keywords: Levodopa; Carbidopa; Simultaneous determination; Carbon ionic liquid electrode. P 666

Simultaneous determination of beta carbolines in the seeds of Peganum harmala L by Thin layer chromatography-multivariate image analysis

(TLC-MIA) Bahram Hemmateenejad,*,a Fatemeh Shakerizadeh-

Shirazi,a Katayoun Javidnia b a Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University,

Shiraz, I.R. Iran b Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry

Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

E-mail:hemmatb@sums.ac.ir Abstract

A thin-layer chromatographic method combined with image processing (MIA-TLC) was developed for simultaneous quantitative analysis of some colourless β-carboline components (i.e; harmaline, harmine, harmalol) in the seeds of Peganum harmala L. The detection system is the camera capturing. The images of spots then were converted into 3D and 2D chromatograms by the written software. Silica gel was used as stationary phase and a mixture of THF and ammonia (9:1, v/v) formed the mobile phase for determination of beta-carboline derivatives in the seeds of peganum harmala L. Firstly, analysis was performed on the completely separated spots using univariate calibration, then, with the aid of multivariate analysis like PLS, the analysis were performed in lesser time and more safely solvent. P 667

High Electrocatalytic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles in a Carbon Ionic Liquid Nanocomposite Electrode

for the Detection of Hydrazine A. Safavi 1,2*, M. Tohidi 1,2

1Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.

219

2Nanotechnology Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

*E-mail: safavi@chem.susc.ac.ir Abstract

A chemical method has been proposed for simple synthesis of silver (Ag) nanoparticles. The synthesized Ag nanoparticles were used for fabrication of Ag nanoparticles/carbon ionic liquid composite electrode and the electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine was investigated using this electrode. The presence of Ag nanoparticles in this sensor dramatically decreases the overpotential of oxidation of hydrazine. Electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine in KOH (0.1 M) was performed using cyclic voltammetry. Using the proposed electrode, a highly reproducible and well-defined peak was obtained for hydrazine at a very low potential of −0.19 V versus Ag/AgCl. P 668

Extraction and identification of insulator plasticizer using IR spectroscopy and Gas

Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) A. Mousavi Azar*, M. H. Keshavarz

Department of chemistry, applied sciences complex, Malek-Ashtar University of technology, Isfahan,

Iran Email: Ali1352_2000@yahoo.com

Abstract

Plasticizer is an organic compound that improves safety and mechanical properties. Insulators are one of the most important parts of a rocket motor. Identification and determination of their properties and composition are very important for a rocket motor designer. This paper discusses about the extraction and identification of insulator plasticizer in an unknown fuel sample with various methods for separation and characterization of unknown extracted plasticizer like determination solubility, boiling point, density and combustion tests and instrumental methods like us IR spectroscopy and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

P 669

Electrocatalytic oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide on

nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles-modified carbon past electrode

Abdolkarim Abbaspour* , Seyyed Mehdi Khoshfetrat

Chemistry Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71456-85464, Iran

*E-mail: abbaspour@chem.susc.ac.ir (A. Abbaspour)

Abstract

A sensor for the determination of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) based on nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF)

nanoparticles modified carbon past electrode has been constructed. This electrode has a good sensitivity and electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of NADH in a wide concentration range of 10 µM to 1mM NADH with activation overpotential of about 150 mV lower than that of the bare electrode. The NADH oxidation mechanism on the electrode surface was investigated. This modified electrode is less prone to surface fouling by NADH oxidation product, in different NADH concentrations (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM). P 670

Separation of thorium and rare earths from

nitrate medium with Cyanex272 M. Eskandari Nasab a, , A. Sam a, S.A. Milani b

a Department of Mineral Processing Engineering, Bahonar university, Kerman 7616914111 , Iran

E-mail:meskandarim@yahoo.com. b Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear science

and Technology Research Institute, AEOT, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The extractive separation of thorium, RE(III) and other cations of Zarigan ore was investigated with Cyaenx272. The results showed that the extraction increases in the order of La(III)< Ce(III) < Y(III) < Fe(III) < Th(IV) < U(VI) < Ti(IV). The high separation factors between Th(IV) and RE(III) were obtained. The optimum separation of thorium was obtained in the range 0.3-1.2 M HNO3.The equilibrium reaction of thorium extraction was

determined as:

+

+

+

→←

+

)()(

(2)(

.)()(

)())()(

32

)

132

ao

oa

HHAANOOHTh

HANOOHTh

Keywords: Syanex272, Thorium, Rare earths, Separation, Extraction. P 671

Trace level determination of cadmium ions by carbon paste electrode modified with Cd2+

imprinted polymer Taher Alizadeh*a, Mashaalah Zareb, Mohamad Reza

Ganjalib, Seyed Mahmoud Hosseini b a Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili,

Ardabil, Iran b Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

A simple and extra selective electrode was introduced for determination of Cd2+ toxic ions in real samples. Cadmium ion selective sites were created in the vinyl pyridine-Quinaldic acid base cross-linked polymer (IIP). Besides, the non imprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesized and

220

compared with IIP behavior. Carbon particles and IIP/NIP powder were mixed with melted n-eicosane and then it was used for electrode fabrication. The explicit difference was observed between responses of the electrodes modified with IIP and NIP, indicating properly functioning of recognition sites in the IIP structure, created in the polymerization step. Various factors influencing the signals of the electrode were investigated and optimized. The interference effect of different species was studied. The introduced sensor showed linear range of 3.5×10-9- 5.5×10-7 M. Detection limit of this method was calculated to be 1.0×10-9 M. The sensor was successfully applied for Cd2+ determination in real samples. P 672

Determination Of The Molecular Weight Of Ethylenediamine (EDA)-cored PAMAM

Dendrimer Using LouMass Created Model A.B. Massoudi 1, H.Vahedi 1, O. Louie* 1, S.

Maghsoodi 1, A.Agah 1

1 Chemistry Department, Payame Noor University (PNU), Mashhad ,Iran.

E-mail: sam.maghsoodi@yahoo.com Abstract

The Poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers represent an exciting new class of macromolecular architecture called "dense star" polymers. Unlike classical polymers, dendrimers have a high degree of molecular uniformity, narrow molecular weight distribution, specific size and shape characteristics, and a highly- functionalized end group surface. In 1985, Tomalia published his 1. 2 branched PAMAMs or “dendrimers”. The molecular weight determination of various generations of an AB2 dendrimer were calculated for PAMAM with ethylenediamine (EDA) core by suggested the novel theoretical equation. The results were compared with the data reported by others. It was found that there are no remarkable differences between the calculated and reported data.

P 673

TiO2 Nanoparticles – Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Voltammetric Determination of

Epinephrine Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani 1*, Rezvan Arazi 1,

Hossein Naeimi 2 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of

Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of

Science, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

Email: rezvan_arazi2010@yahoo.com Abstract

A modified carbon paste electrode with 2,2′-(1,3-propanediylbisnitrilo-ethylidine)bis-hydroquinone and TiO2 nanoparticles (MTNCPE) has been prepared. The MTNCPE exhibited good electrocatalytic properties towards epinephrine

oxidation in phosphate buffer solution (pH=8.0) with an overpotential of about 150 mV lower than that of the bare electrode. The catalytic peak current obtained from DPV was linearly dependent on the EP concentration in the range 2.0-1500.0 µM. The detection limits for EP was 0.39 µM with sensitivity 0.91 µA µM-1 and correlation coefficients of 0.9973. The electron transfer rate constant, ks, and charge transfer coefficient, α, were calculated as 46.85 s−1 and 0.54, respectively. P 674

Effect of chloride ions (Cl-) on the

Electrodeposition of nickel thin films on Si+ n (111)

S. M. Janjan 1*, F. Nasirpouri 1 , M.GH.Hosseini 2 1 Department of Materials Engineering, Sahand

University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Tabriz,

Tabriz, Iran Corresponding Author's E-mail:

m_janjan@sut.ac.ir* Abstract

In this paper, we influence of chlorine ions (Cl-) on the nucleation and growth of nickel from sulfate bath containing Cl- and without Cl- on the substrate Si+ n (111) have studied. We plotted non-dimensional graphs according to the Scharifker-Hills theory and concluded an instantaneous nucleation and growth mechanism for nickel elecrodeposited on Si+ n(111) based on our experimental conditions.. The results showed that chloride ions (Cl-) causes nucleation nickel made with very high speed, and thus achieved much smaller nuclis and a very thin films of nickel formed on the substrate that results from SEM images well visible. However, the size of these images Seedlings of nickel nucli is less than 100 nm. Keywords: nickel, electrodeposition, Si+ n(111), Scharifker-Hills theory. P 675

Modeling of pIC50 of Dihydroxypyrimidine-4-carboxamide compounds as novel potent and

selective HIV integrase inhibitors using artificial neural network

N.Goudarzi, F.Ameri*, M. Arab Chamjangali and Z. Kalantar

Faculty of chemistry, shahrood university of technology, shahrood, Iran

E-mail: f.ameri_122@yahoo.com

Abstract A nonlinear quantitative structure HIV integrase

inhibitors activity relationship study was presented for modeling and predicting pIC50 activities of Dihydroxypyrimidine-4-carboxamide compounds. ANN model was optimized by cross-validation approach. The prediction ability of the model was evaluated using test set and leave-one-out method.

221

The mean square errors and determination coefficient for the test set were 0.0513 and 0.966 respectively. P 676

Prediction of pIC50 of Piperazinyl Glutamate Pyridine compounds for Inhibition of platelet Aggregation using linear and nonlinear QSAR

methods N. Goudarzi, F. Ameri*, M. Arab Chamjangali and

G. Bagherian Faculty of chemistry , shahrood university of

technology, shahrood, Iran E-mail: f.ameri_122@yahoo.com

Abstract

A Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm trained feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) in quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) was developed for modeling of pIC50 data for of piperazinyl glutamate pyridine compounds. Both linear and nonlinear methods provided accurate predictions although more accurate results were obtained by ANN model. The determination coefficients (R2) and mean-squared errors (MSE) for ANN and MLR are 0.914, 0.0313, 0.888 and 0.0381, respectively. The result obtained show the excellent prediction ability and stability of the proposed model in the prediction of pIC50 of PGP compounds. P 677

Prediction of gas chromatographic retention

indices of essential oils with Linear and nonlinear methods

N. Goudarzi, H. Yazdandoost, Z. Kalantar, M. ArabChamjangali

Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

E-mail: hnhyzdndst@yahoo.com

Abstract Quantitative structure-property relationship

(QSPR) Models for estimation of retention indices of essential oils were established by the multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN). This work has demonstrated the good application of MLR and ANN through the development of accurate predictive for gas chromatographic RIs. The multiple linear regression between the chromatographic retention and the index proposed for 119 essential oil compounds is satisfactory (the correlation coefficient,R2

validation =

0.9377 and mean squares error, MSE=2.2155). Also the feed forward artificial neural network was used to build a model for same compounds and its results was significantly more accurate than MLR model ( R2

validation = 0.9618 and MSE = 1.9006 ).

P 678

Quantitative structure-property relationship study of chromatographic retention indices for

essential oils using linear and non-linear methods N. Goudarzi, H. Yazdandoost, M.

ArabChamjangali, Z. Kalantar Faculty of chemistry, Shahrood University of

Technology, Shahrood, Iran E-mail: hnhyzdndst@yahoo.com

Abstract

A Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm trained feed forward artificial neural network (ANN) in QSPR was developed for modeling of retention indices for a data set consisting of 77 compounds of essential oils. MLR (Multiple linear regression) model of the same data also was developed for comparing the results. Our goal was to predict a model for retention indices of external set compounds that did not contribute to model development steps. Both linear and nonlinear methods provided accurate predictions although better results were obtained by ANN model. The correlation coefficients (R2) and mean-squared errors (MSE) for validation sets of MLR were 0.957, 1.6737 and for validation sets of ANN were 0.9662 and 1.6613, respectively. P 679

Central composite design-Response surface

method to optimize the removal of Rhodamine-B from wastewater by adsorption on modified clay Robabeh Talebi, Morteza Bahram*, Sirous Nouri

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, Urmia University Urmia, Iran

E-mail: m.bahram@urmia.ac.ir Abstract

The cleaning of wastewater is one of the most serious environmental problems of the present day. Rhodamine-B is a red dye used to dye wool, silk and tannin mordant cotton. Methods such as chemical coagulation, ozonization, membrane filtration, electrolysis, oxidation and bio-degradation have been widely used for the removal of dyes from water and wastewater. In this work, an experimental design methodology was applied to optimize the removal of Rhodamine-B from wastewater by adsorption on modified clay. The effects of various experimental parameters in this removal was investigated using central composite design. The experimental design was done at five levels of operating parameters and following conditions were obtained as optimum:

Variable name Optimum values F1 Time / min F2 Dose of adsorbent /(mg ml-) F3 salt(% w/v) F4 pH

43-70 0.3 - 0.5 0- 0. 7 7 - 8.5

222

P 680 Comparative study of antioxidant activity of

extracts from iranian Pterocarya fraxinifolia L . leaves and stems

Mohammadreza Mozdiyanfard 1, Maryam Akhbari 2*, Hamideh Gholami 1

1Separatin Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering University of Kashan,

Kashan, I.R. Iran 2The Essential Oil Research Center, University of

Kashan, Kashan, I.R. Iran *Email: m_akhbari@kashanu.ac.ir

Abstract

Yield and antioxidant activities for water extracts of leaves and stems from an Iranian Pterocarya fraxinifolia L. prepared by different extraction method (Soxhlet, reflux and microwave assisted) were investigated using DPPH assay. Microwave extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and also presented the highest extraction yield. P 681

Electrocatalytic determination of hydrazine on the surface of the activated pencil lead electrode Karim Asadpour-Zeynali*, Mir Reza Majidi. Samira

Jafari, Bahar Ghasemzadeh,Madineh Sadeghi Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, E-

Email:k.zeynali@gmail.com Abstract

Electrooxidation of hydrazine (HZ) was done on the surface of the activated pencil lead electrode using cyclic voltammetry and amperometry methods. This electrode has catalytic activity for electrooxidation of HZ and a reduced overpotential in a wide operational pH range of 2-12 was considered for HZ. The number of electrons transformed during catalytic oxidation was estimated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. Limit of detection was calculated for Hydrazine with cyclic voltammetry and hydrodynamic amperometry methods. Effect of the different parameters was investigated and consequently the optimized situation was also obtained. P 682

Fabrication of a Novel Erbium (III) PVC Membrane Sensor Based on N,N'-

bis(salicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine Mitra Rohani,1 Hassan Ali Zamani,2 Mohammad

Reza Ganjali,3 Soraia Meghdadi,4 1Young Researchers Club, Quchan branch, Islamic

Azad University, Quchan, Iran, mitra.rohani@yahoo.com

2Department of Applied Chemistry, Quchan branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran,

haszamani@yahoo.com 3Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,

ganjali@gmail.com 4Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of

Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran Abstract

A novel Er3+ PVC membrane sensor has been constructed, based on a new asymmetrically Schiff's base namely N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine (H2L (Compound 3)). The electrode performance includes a Nernstian slope of 19.5 ± 0.2 mV per decade across a wide concentration range between 1.0 × 10-2 and 1.0 × 10-6 M and a detection limit of 5.0×10-2 M. This sensor showed high selectivity with respect to common alkaline, alkaline earth, transition, heavy metals and specially lanthanide ions, except for Er3+, and could be used over a pH range of 2.6-9.5. It has a relatively fast response of <10 s. The proposed sensor was effectively used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Er3+ ions with EDTA. Keywords: Potentiometry; Sensor; PVC membrane; Ion-selective electrode P 683

Fast removal of phenol from industrial waste

water by CTAB coated IONPs and determination of phenol by internal standard GC FID H. Parham, B. Zargar, H. Akhoundzadeh

Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, S Chamran university of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

E-mail: Akhoundzadeh35@yahoo.com Abstract

and determination of The adsorption phenol in waste water of olefin plants at petrochemical industries by Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide coated iron oxide nanoparticles (CTAB-IONPs) shown that the magnetic nano-adsorbent is quite efficient for the adsorption of phenol at 25 °C. The adsorption capacity was 0.6 g / 1.0 g IONPs (pH 5.25). Some parameters such as pH, ionic strength, IONPs and CTAB content optimized. The effect of some organic pollutants on the adsorption was investigated. In addition a new Internal Std. method for phenol determination on GC-FID was developed. Keywords: Phenol removal, NP-based SPE, CTAB-IONPs, IS GC-FID, Olefin plant P 684

Study on producing dyes,s light fastness control

kits using nano photocatalyst ZnO Amir Abdollah Mehrdad Sharif a*,Mohsen Behpour

b,Marjan Motshakker Arani a a: Islamic Azad UniversityTeharn north Branch

b: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, I. R. Iran

E_mail:marjanmotshakker@yahoo.com

223

Abstract ZnO nanocrystals were prepared by sol-gel

method. The catalysts were used in the photocatalytic discoloration and degradation of textile dyes C.I. reactive yellow-37, orange-7, red-21, blue-19, blue-21 aqueous solutions. Photocatalytic activity of ZnO in presence visible light irradiation has been evaluated by the degradation of textile dye. The influence of the presence of Air on the degradation rate was studied. It was observed that, in presence of Air, the degradation of the dye increases significantly. The dependence of photodegradation of the dye rates on various parameters such as dye concentration, photocatalyst concentration also investigated. Accordingly, it could be stated that 80-90% degradation in dyes with 4-6 light fastness after selecting desired operational parameters could be achieved in a relatively short time, about 60 min, and in dyes with 7 light fastness about 120 min. Keywords: nano photocatalyst ZnO, textile dyes, visible light irradiation

224

225

Workshops

226

WRITING EMPIRICAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH ARTICLE: A corp us based approach

M. Raouf Moini., Ph. D. Workshop 12-13 Sep. 2010

The main focus of this corpus based workshop is on the following; 1. Introducing the structure and organization of English paragraphs including the topic sentence, major and minor supporting sentences, 2. Introducing the structure and organization of English academic essays including introductory paragraph, body paragraphs, and concluding paragraph, 3. Introducing the main sections of empirical research article including; abstract, introduction,

objectives of the study, method, results and discussion, and conclusion, 4. Introducing the most frequent words used in chemistry research articles, 5. Introducing the key phrases and bundles used in different sections of research articles. University of Kashan

227

Workshop

INTRODUCING AUTOLAB NOVA SOFTWARE

NOVA is the data acquisition and analysis software package for all the Autolab Potentiostat/galvanostats with USB interface. Developed by electrochemists for electrochemists and integrating over two decades of user experience as well as the latest software technology, NOVA software brings power and flexibility to the Autolab users. NOVA is designed to answer demands of both experienced electrochemists and newcomers alike. Setting up experiments, acquiring data points and performing data analysis to produce publication-ready graphs, can be done in a few mouse clicks. The following techniques are available: Voltammetric analysis • Sampled DC • Normal pulse • Differential pulse • Differential normal pulse • Square wave • Control of Hg drop electrode Cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry • Staircase cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry • True linear scan cyclic voltammetry • High-speed linear scan cyclic voltammetry Chrono methods • Chrono methods (∆t >1ms) • Chrono methods high speed (∆t > 100 ns) • Recurrent pulsing methods Impedance spectroscopy • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy • External transfer function analysis (IMVS, IMPS, EHD, ...) • Potential scan, current scan, time scan, Mott-Schottky Tools and accessories • Manual control • iR-compensation • Rotating disc electrode (RDE) control • Repeat loops • Cut-offs • Open circuit potential (OCP) measurements • Analog input and output • Digital DIO (TTL) triggering • Additional signals (Delta frequency, bipotentiostat, SPR, ...) • Import/export ASCII, GPES, FRA Application development • LabView drivers and ready-to-use VIs • Generic interface for .Net applications

228

Behineh Kala Gostar Workshop Atefeh Abbasi Ahd; Changha Lee Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residue by Optizen MINI-SP

Food safety is a topic of great interest globally. With recent contamination issues in a wide range of commodities, ensuring the quality of agricultural product is becoming increasingly important. Pesticide residue content is one area of concern. Pesticides have typically been monitored by gas chromatography while this test is expensive and time-consuming. Thus, we recommend a new technique for selected pesticide classes, such as the carbamate and Organo Phosphorous pesticides. OPTIZEN MINI SP is designed for rapid pesticides detection in 20 minutes. It provides the fastest and easiest pesticides analysis using enzyme inhibition method. What are carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides? And how do they affect our health?

About 70% of the insecticides in current use in Iran are organophosphorous (OP) and carbamate pesticides. OPs are chemically similar to the chemical warfare agents originally produced during World War II, and they work by interfering with the nervous system of insects, a mechanism that also affects the human nervous system when people are exposed.

Organophosphorus and carbamate compounds block production of an enzyme called cholinesterase (ChE), which ensures that the chemical signal that causes a nerve impulse is halted at the appropriate time.

Other health effects of individual OP pesticides vary; some are highly acutely toxic, some cause development or reproductive harm, and some are known or suspected endocrine disruptors. The determination method of OPs and carbamate pesticides by MINI SP

The determination method in this instrument is exactly like what happen in body. In that, after pesticide extraction from each sample tissue, 60 UI of extracted solution is divided in Strip which contains ACHE enzyme. As a result of pesticide and enzyme interaction, Chromopher color in strip will change to blue. Based on that Inhibition rate of pesticide will report.

229

Author Index

Phone: +98 21 77624083

Fax: +98 21 77624084 info@daneshyark.com www.daneshyark.com

Unit 11, No. 47, Karegar St, Shariati Ave.

Tehran-Iran P. O. Box: 15875-5377

Daneshyar Kavosh Co

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were first introduced in 1991. A conventional DSSC

is composed of a nanoparticulated mesoporous film of a transparent semiconductor, as the photoanode, a monolayer of a dye which is absorbed on the internal surface of the photoanode, acting as a sensitizer, a counter electrode and an electrolyte of a redox couple filling the space between the two electrodes. DSSCs are photoelectrochemical cells. Light photons are absorbed by the dye which is adsorbed on a mesoporous semiconductor (TiO2 or ZnO) and by excitation of the dye, an electron is injected to the semiconductor. The electron diffuse inside the semiconductor to reach the back contact which is usually fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO). The excited dye is regenerated by the electrolyte and the counter electrode which is composed of platinum nanoparticles completes the circuit.

In this workshop the assembly of a real DSSC cell will be tried by the participant and photoelectrochemical data like: I-V, efficiency, fill factor, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, intensity modulated photovoltage spectroscopy will be measured and the detail properties of the cell like electron life time and electron transport time will be determined.

Finally the recent research trends as well as the commercialization and industrialization status and challenges will be discussed.

Workshop on Electrochemical Identifying of Solar Cells

230

Author Index

A. Pishro Kh. .......................................................... 75

A. Shirazi M.J. ...................................................... 191

A. Shirazi M.M. .................................................... 191

Aalaei M. ............................................................. 189

Abbasi Ahd A. ...................................................... 228

Abbaspour A. .......................... 12, 14, 154, 189, 219

Abbaspour -Gilandeh Y. ........................................ 90

Abbasteh H.......................................................... 165

Abdardideh D. ..................................................... 189

Abdi H. ................................................................ 101

Abdi K. ................................................................. 144

Abdolahi F. .......................................................... 194

Abdolahnezhad R. ................................................. 45

Abdollahi F. ......................................................... 125

Abdollahi H. ........................................................... 49

Abdollahi L. ........................................................... 41

Abdollahi M. ............................................................ 6

Abdollahi V. ......................................................... 151

Abdollahzadeh R. ................................................ 206

Abdollahzadeh S.................................................... 63

Abdollazadeh Y.................................................... 147

Abdolmohammadi S. ............................................. 56

Abdolmohammad-Zadeh H. ................................ 202

Abdous M. ................................................... 166, 192

Abedi H. ........................................ 66, 106, 140, 146

Abedinifar F. ........................................................ 200

Abedinzadeh Noodehi S. ..................................... 120

Aberoomand Azar P. ................................... 139, 148

Abi A.R................................................................. 218

Aboutalebi R. ...................................................... 208

Abrari M. ............................................................... 14

Abrishamkar M. .................................................. 210

Abroomand Azar P. ............................................... 49

Absalan Gh. ......................................................... 120

Abulhassani J. ...................................................... 169

Adib N. ................................................................ 139

Adineh M. ........................................................... 140

Afkhami A. ....................................... 49, 79, 155, 160

Afrasiabi M. ........................................................... 33

Afzali D. 113, 114, 121, 139, 141, 144, 195, 196, 199

Agah A. ................................................................ 220

Agh Atabay S. ........................................................ 87

Aghaei A. ............................................................. 106

Ahari-Mostafavi M.M. ......................................... 135

Ahmad Khan Beigi F. ............................................. 54

Ahmad Panahi H.................................. 151, 197, 205

Ahmadi A............................................................. 119

Ahmadi Azghandi M.H. ................................. 13, 205

Ahmadi Golsefidi M. ..................................... 59, 187

Ahmadi H. ........................................................... 103

Ahmadi M. .......................................................... 107

Ahmadi S.A. ......................................................... 201

Ahmadino J. ........................................................ 213

Ahmadvand M............................................... 55, 178

Ahmadvand Shahverdi M. ................................... 186

Aibaghi Esfahani B. ...................................... 118, 157

Ajloo D. ............................................... 131, 132, 134

Akbari A. .......................................................... 82, 83

Akbari N. ............................................................... 63

Akbari R. ................................................................ 12

Akbaria A. .............................................................. 77

Akbari-adergani B. .................... 55, 65, 75, 188, 191

Akbarpour M. ...................................... 106, 108, 168

Akhavani Sh. ........................................................ 147

Akhbari M. .......................................... 184, 190, 222

Akhond Dr. ............................................................ 52

Akhond M. .......................................................... 154

Akhound M. .................................................. 18, 184

Akhoundian M....................................................... 31

Akhoundzadeh H. ................................................ 222

Akrami A........................................ 84, 127, 164, 211

Akrami Z. ............................................................. 125

Alaie S. ................................................................ 102

Alavi A. ................................................................ 210

Alavi Nikje M.M. .................................................. 200

Aliakbari M. ......................................................... 159

Alijanpour O. ................................................. 45, 168

Alimoradi M. ................................... 72, 81, 128, 186

Alinajafi-Najahabadi H. ....................................... 124

Alinoori A.H. .......................................... 61, 170, 195

Alion S. .................................................................. 81

Alipoortorab Sh. .................................................. 138

Alipour E. ....................................................... 20, 127

Alishahi A. ................................................... 131, 200

Alizad K.................................................................. 30

Alizadeh K............................................................ 154

Alizadeh N. ........................................ 61, 69, 70, 208

Alizadeh R. .......................................................... 186

Alizadeh T. ............................ 12, 31, 59, 77, 215, 219

Allafchian A.R. ....................................................... 85

Allahdadlalouni M. ................................................ 22

Allahgholi Ghasri M.R. ......................................... 147

Allahyar M. ............................................................ 81

Amani Sh. ...................................................... 61, 186

Amani V. ........................................................ 52, 137

Amereh E. ............................................................. 86

Ameri F. ....................................................... 220, 221

Ameri M. ............................................................... 90

Amini M. ............................................................. 144

Amini A. ................................................................. 20

Amini M....................................................... 155, 160

Amini M.H. ............................................................ 45

Amini M.K. .......................................... 24, 82, 83, 95

Amini Tehrani Sh. ................................................ 211

Amiri Baghbadarani A. .......................................... 71

Amiri M. ................................................ 30, 131, 215

Amjadi M............................ 22, 68, 97, 116, 118, 169

Amjadi S. ............................................................. 215

Amrollah Abhari A. .................................... 48, 93, 97

Ansari F. ........................................................ 42, 214

Ansari Fard M. ....................................................... 71

Ansari M. ............................................. 155, 158, 159

Ansari R. .................................... 34, 37, 72, 102, 121

Arab Chamjangali M. ................... 181, 182, 220, 221

Arab Chamlangali M. ............................................. 42

Arabanian A. ....................................................... 150

ArabChamjangali M............................................. 221

Arabzadeh A. ................................................... 24, 33

231

Arazi R. ................................................................ 220

Arbab Zavar M.H. ................................................ 128

Arbab-Zavar M.H. ...................... 23, 73, 75, 115, 159

Arjmandinejad A. ........................................ 173, 215

Arvand M. ............................ 32, 34, 35, 38, 121, 213

Asadi F. ................................................................ 211

Asadi M. ...................................................... 120, 190

Asadi Samie H. ...................................................... 38

Asadkerchi L. ....................................................... 149

Asadollahzadeh H............................................ 24, 96

Asadpour-Zeynali K. ........................ 30, 40, 210, 222

Asemi N. ................................................................ 90

Asghari A. ................................................ 60, 68, 185

Asghari A.R. ......................................................... 202

Asghari Z. ............................................................ 215

Asgharinezhad A.A. ............................... 66, 106, 146

Ashoori M. .................................................. 143, 168

Ashori M. .............................................................. 50

Ashraf N. ............................................................. 128

Ashrafi M. ............................................................ 182

Ashtari P. ............................................................. 208

Asisbi M. ................................................................ 68

Askarpour Kabir A. .............................................. 192

Aslanian N. .......................................................... 137

Aslanyan N. ......................................................... 171

Asrari E. ............................................................... 161

Assadian F. ...................................................... 51, 69

Atabati M. ............................................................. 95

Atouf V. ............................................................... 161

Attaran A.M. ................................................... 31, 65

Avarand R. ........................................................... 138

Ayatollahi Mehrgardi M. ................................. 78, 79

Azadi A. ........................................................... 48, 93

Azadi M. .............................................................. 161

Azadniya E. ............................................................ 15

Azami M. ............................................................... 46

Azari S.A.R. .......................................................... 173

Azimi G.A. .............................................................. 79

Azimi Gh. ..................................................... 156, 190

Azimia A. ......................................................... 89, 92

Azizi A. ......................................................... 102, 194

Azizi B. ................................................................... 44

Azizi S.N. .................................. 52, 90, 172, 210, 217

B. Ghasemi J. ....................................................... 137

Babaei A. ............................................................... 33

Babaei A.A. .................................................. 201, 203

Babaei Rouchi M. ................................................ 133

Babanezhad E. ................................................. 14, 67

Badihi Z. .............................................................. 119

Badria A. ................................................................ 82

Baghadam Narooei A. ......................................... 157

Bagheban Shahri F. ....................... 84, 127, 164, 211

Baghelani Y.M. ............................................ 121, 194

Bagheri .................................................................. 25

Bagheri A. ............................................................ 169

Bagheri E. ................................................ 92, 94, 165

Bagheri Garmarudi A. ...................... 13, 48, 134, 200

Bagheri H......................................... 14, 22, 141, 171

Bagheri Sadeghi H. .............................................. 105

Bagherian G................................................. 182, 221

Bagheri-roochi M. ................................................. 68

Bagheri-Roochi M. .............................................. 185

Bagherzadeh M. .................................................. 175

Baghipour S. ........................................................ 192

Bahadori B. .................................................. 114, 199

Baharvand H. ....................................................... 151

Baheri T. ...................................................... 100, 198

Bahmanzadeh S. .................................................. 124

Bahram M. ......................... 6, 23, 44, 46, 47, 49, 221

Bahrami K. ............................................................. 39

Bahrami Nejad H. .......................................... 74, 106

Bahrami Zonouz M. ............................................... 45

Bahramifar N. ...................................................... 101

Bahrani S. ............................................................ 212

Bakhtiari M............................................................ 46

Bamoniri A. ......................................................... 104

Bamorowat M. ...................................................... 51

Bamorrowat M. ..................................................... 23

Banaei A. ............................................................. 218

Banaei A.R. ............................................................ 93

Banaie A. ............................................................. 197

Banihashemi S. .................................................... 101

Banitaba M.H. ....................................................... 62

Bargeshadi R. ........................................................ 76

Barghamadi M. .................................................... 159

Bargshadi M. ......................................................... 81

Bashour Y. ............................................................. 54

Basiri Parsa J. ......................................................... 87

Batooli H. .................................................... 104, 190

Bayat Z. ................................................. 41, 136, 137

Bazrafshan M. ....................................................... 52

Bbamoniri A. ....................................................... 104

Beheshti H.R. ......................................................... 98

Behjatmanesh Ardakani R. .................................... 90

Behpour M. . 15, 21, 36, 37, 40, 77, 83, 88, 161, 172,

173, 174, 175, 214, 222

Beigi M. ............................................................... 144

Beiraghi A. ........................................................... 117

Beirami P. ........................................................ 51, 69

Beitollahi H. ..................................................... 82, 83

Bemanadi Parizi M. ............................................... 79

Benvidi A. .............................................................. 34

Berenjian Asl F. ................................................... 137

Berenjianeasl F. ..................................................... 63

Berijani S. .............................................................. 66

Besharati-Seidani A. .............................................. 21

Bet-Moushoul E. ............................................... 6, 49

Beygi A. ............................................................... 110

Bezaatpour A.......... 30, 153, 154, 155, 158, 207, 215

Biparva P. .............................. 52, 112, 149, 216, 217

Bordbar M. .................................... 42, 135, 155, 160

Boroun Sh. .......................................................... 124

Brenjiyan F. ........................................................... 52

Chahardah Cherik Sh. .................................. 185, 187

Chaichi J. ..................................................... 172, 217

Chaichi M.J. ...................... 45, 74, 112, 168, 211, 217

Chakavi A. ..................................................... 72, 128

Chalabiani A. ....................................................... 195

Chamsaz M. ....................................... 23, 73, 75, 115

Changha Lee ........................................................ 228

Chehrehgani A. .................................................... 148

Chichie M.J. ................................................. 109, 204

232

Chidar E. ................................................................ 81

Dadkhah-Tehrani S. ............................................. 214

Dadpou B. ........................................................... 123

Dakhili M. ............................................................ 147

Dalali N........ 50, 51, 55, 56, 69, 70, 74, 95, 102, 129,

143, 148, 158, 168, 183, 194, 198, 203

Daliri Z. .................................................................. 27

Danandeh-Jenagharad M. ................................... 178

Danesh N. .............................................................. 67

Daneshfar A. ......................... 53, 102, 151, 152, 196

Darehkordi A. ...................................................... 208

Darroudi A. .................................................... 23, 115

Dashtban M......................................................... 218

Dashtbozorgi Z. ............................................. 88, 132

Dashti R. .......................................................... 26, 95

Dastangoo H. ....................................................... 212

Dastanra K. .................................................... 97, 148

Dastjerdi R.GH. ...................................................... 63

Dastmoozeh N. ...................................................... 54

Dastyar T. ............................................................ 206

Davallo M. ............................................................. 41

Dayeni M. ............................................................ 144

Dehdashti A. .......................................................... 33

Dehghan M. ........................................................ 126

Dehghan Manshadi A. ......................................... 126

Deiminiat B............................................................ 40

Delavar Rafiee T. ................................................. 209

Delnavaz N. ........................................................... 24

Delshad M. .......................................................... 174

Derki S. ................................................................ 170

Dinpanah H. ........................................................ 140

Divsar F. ................................................................ 41

Djavanshir Djozan ......................... 51, 142, 187, 188

Dorostghoal L. ..................................................... 120

Dourani A. ............................................................. 45

Dustali M. .............................................................. 22

Ebrahimi M.......................................................... 189

Ebrahimi P. ............................................................ 93

Ebrahimi S. .................................................... 94, 156

Ebrahimi S.A. ....................................................... 105

Ebrahimi-Najafabadi H. ....................................... 136

Ebrahimzadeh E. ................................................. 202

Ebrahimzadeh F. ................................................... 63

Ebrahimzadeh H. ................... 66, 106, 140, 146, 147

Eery H. ................................................................. 189

Eftekhar Jahromi P. ............................................... 25

Ehsani M. ............................................................ 149

Emamali Sabzi R. ............................................. 76, 81

Emrani Z. ............................................................. 165

Emsakpour F. ........................................................ 37

Enayati Ahangar L. ................................................ 27

Enhessari M......................................................... 173

Ensafi A.A. ............ 24, 30, 33, 85, 112, 113, 123, 214

Es’haghi A. ........................................................... 141

Es’haghi Z. .......................... 23, 58, 59, 101, 151, 208

Eshaghe Z. ........................................................... 145

Es-haghi A. ............................................................ 22

Es'haghi Z. ........................................................... 189

Eskandari A. ........................................................ 207

Eskandari H. ..... 90, 99, 152, 153, 154, 155, 158, 207

Eskandari M. ....................................................... 194

Eskandari Nasab M...................................... 187, 219

Eskandari Z. ................................... 89, 115, 177, 182

Eslami A. ................................................................ 92

Eslami N. ............................................................. 201

Esmaeili A. ............................................................. 69

Esmaeli T. .............................................................. 31

Esmailnia S. ........................................................... 64

Esnaashari Isfahani M. .......................................... 79

Esrafili A. ................................... 18, 19, 99, 108, 198

Esrafily A. ........................................................... 200

Ezatpanah A. ....................................................... 133

Ezoddin M. .................................................... 17, 210

Faghihian H. ....... 48, 67, 93, 108, 156, 161, 206, 209

Fahmideh-Rad E. ................................................... 53

Fakhari A.R. ........................................... 31, 143, 192

Fakoor M. ...................................................... 41, 136

Fakour Jnnati S. ..................................................... 98

Falahi E. ............................................................... 105

Falahnejad M. ............................................. 114, 199

Farahani H. ............................................................ 64

Farahmand H............................................... 131, 200

Farahmand Nejad M.A. ................................. 47, 162

Faraji M. .......................................................... 15, 19

Farajmand B. ......................................................... 19

Farajzadeh M.A. .............................. 51, 54, 187, 188

FarajzadeH M.A. .................................................... 23

Farhadi K. .......................................... 35, 44, 61, 157

Farhadi Kh. .................................................. 151, 195

Faridbod F. ............................................ 75, 109, 204

Faridfar R............................................................... 85

Farjami Nezhad M. .............................................. 179

Farnad N.............................................................. 157

Farokhcheh A.R. .................................................. 208

Farshbaf M. ........................................................... 33

Farzin Nejad N. ...................................................... 95

Fasihi J. ........................................................ 184, 208

Fatemi M.H. ... 45, 47, 48, 90, 91, 135, 170, 180, 181

Fateminasab F. .................................................... 203

Fathemi M.H. ...................................................... 216

Fathi M.R. ............................................ 130, 164, 201

Fathi S.A.M. ........................... 97, 102, 103, 111, 150

Fattahi N. .............................................................. 15

Fayazi M. ............................................................. 144

Fazlolahzadeh O. ................................................. 122

Feizbakhsh R. .............................................. 100, 198

Feizy J. ................................................................... 98

Firooz A. .............................................................. 115

Firooz A.R. ........................................................... 153

Firouz A.R. ........................................................... 156

Fotouhi L. ............................................................ 194

Fozooni S. ...................................................... 74, 106

Framarzi N. .......................................................... 205

Ganjali M.R. . 12, 27, 32, 58, 66, 75, 77, 97, 109, 112,

122, 131, 173, 177, 204, 213, 217, 219, 222

Garkani-Nejad Z. ............................. 55, 72, 171, 178

GH.Hosseini M. .................................................. 220

Ghadamgahi M.................................................... 134

Ghaderi S. ...................................................... 78, 141

Ghaedi M. .................... 31, 84, 94, 97, 162, 163, 164

Ghaffarinejad A. .................................................... 12

Ghahraman Afshar M. ......................... 140, 141, 193

233

Ghahri Saremi Sh................................................. 167

Ghalami Z. ........................................................... 163

Ghambarian M. ....................................... 18, 99, 197

Ghanaat Pisheh M. .............................................. 209

Ghanadi Maragheh M. ................................ 156, 161

Ghanadzadeh A. .................................................... 54

Ghanadzadeh H. .................................................... 54

Ghanavati A. .......................................................... 73

Ghanbarzadeh M.T. .............................................. 34

Ghanemi K. .......................................................... 167

Gharaghani S. .................................................. 21, 48

Gharagozlou M. ................................................... 160

Gharebaghi F. ........................................................ 56

GHarebaghi F. ..................................................... 183

Gharehchahi Z. .............................................. 91, 135

Gharibi M. ........................................................... 141

Ghasemi A. .................................................. 150, 204

Ghasemi E. ............................................................ 79

Ghasemi J. ..................................................... 70, 167

Ghasemi K. ............................................................ 48

Ghasemi N. .......................................................... 130

Ghasemi Sh. ........................................................ 120

Ghaseminezad S. ................................................. 196

Ghasemzadeh A. ................................................... 36

Ghasemzadeh B. ................................................. 222

Ghashghaei Afshar Z. .................................. 185, 187

Ghassempour A. ...................................................... 9

Ghavidel Far S. .................................................... 122

Ghazaghi M. .......................................................... 68

Ghazi M.E. ........................................................... 175

Ghaziasgar H.S. ..................................................... 26

Ghazizadeh A. ..................................................... 113

Ghiamati E. ...................................................... 86, 88

Ghiasi M. ................................................. 92, 94, 165

Ghiassi E. ............................................................. 121

Ghiasvand A. ....................................................... 186

Ghiasvand A.R. .................... 105, 144, 149, 204, 216

Ghiasvand M. ........................................................ 44

Ghisvand A.R. ...................................................... 215

Ghodrati R. ............................................................ 67

Gholami A. .................................................... 17, 166

Gholami H. .......................................................... 222

Gholbedaghi R. ................................................ 96, 97

Gholipour V. ........................................................ 163

Gholizadeh S. ........................................................ 78

Ghomi M. ............................................................ 188

Ghorashi A. ........................................... 61, 170, 195

Ghorbani A. ......................................... 139, 148, 214

Ghorbannezhad Z. ................................................. 91

Ghoreishi S.M. ....... 15, 21, 36, 37, 40, 77, 83, 88, 94,

129, 172, 173, 174, 175, 214

Ghourchian H. ....................................................... 64

Giahi M. ................................................................. 35

Golestaneh M...................................................... 174

Golmohammadi H. ................................ 88, 131, 132

Goodarzi M. ........................................................ 130

Gorbani Jeiran N. ........................................ 173, 215

Goudarzi H. ......................................................... 184

Goudarzi N. ........................................... 42, 220, 221

Goushjuii L. ........................................................... 54

Gouya M.R. ......................................................... 171

Habibi B. .......................................................... 19, 24

Habibi H. ............................................................... 55

Habibollahi S. ................................ 99, 183, 210, 211

Habibzadeh F. ..................................................... 117

Habibzadeh H. ............................................... 52, 137

Habibzadeh M. .................................................... 129

Habibzare S. ........................................................ 142

Hadavand Sh. ................................................ 92, 163

Hadi M........................................................... 82, 172

Hadjmohammadi M.R. .......................... 90, 149, 216

Hafezi B. ................................................................ 40

Hafezi S. .............................................................. 201

Hafizi R. ............................................................... 175

Haghdoost G.A. ..................................................... 98

Haghgoo S. ............................................................ 22

Haghighatnia F. ................................................... 113

Haghnavaz-Bazgir Z. ............................................ 218

Hagshenas M....................................................... 161

Haji Koohkamar P. ................................................ 61

Haji Mohammad rezazadeh S. ............................ 122

Haji Shabani A.M. .................................................. 69

Haji-agha Babaei L. ........................................ 55, 191

Hajialiakbari Bidgoli A.A. ......................... 19, 57, 123

Hajialigol S. ............................................ 61, 170, 195

Hajiani Z. ............................................................. 153

Hajihadi M. .......................................................... 201

Hajipour S. ............................................................. 65

Hamdamali A. ................................................ 14, 104

Hamed Mosavian M.T. ........................................ 101

Hamedani M. ...................................................... 150

Hamidi Asl E. ....................................................... 218

Hamidi Malayeri F. ................................................ 64

Hamzei Harzanje F. ............................................... 98

Hasani M. ............................................................ 122

Hasani-Moghadam E. .......................................... 105

Hasannejad M. ...................................................... 87

Hasanzadeh M. ................................................... 212

Hasanzadeh Sh. ................................................... 158

Hashami M. ......................................................... 174

Hashemi M. ................................................... 35, 128

Hashemi P. .......................... 138, 149, 204, 215, 216

Hashemi S. .......................................................... 166

Hashemian Z. ...................................................... 195

Hashemzehi M. ................................................... 155

Hashtrodi R. ........................................................ 156

Hassan J. ................................................................ 22

Hassani Nejad–Darzi S.K. ..................................... 110

Hassanzadeh A. ..................................................... 40

Hassanzadeh Z. ..................................................... 48

Hatami A. ............................................................ 164

Hatami M. ........................................................... 131

Hayati H............................................................... 118

Heidari H. .............................................................. 84

Heidari Nasab A..................................................... 75

Heidari R. .................................................... 201, 203

Heidarizadi E. ...................................................... 132

Heidarpour M. ............................................. 172, 217

Hejazi M.S. ............................................................ 78

Hemmateenejad B. .. 18, 26, 122, 130, 154, 184, 218

Hesaraki N. .......................................................... 212

Heydari H. ..................................................... 89, 115

234

Heydari L. .............................................................. 34

Heydari M. .......................................................... 119

Heydarieh A. ....................................................... 191

Hodavand .............................................................. 65

Hojjati M. ........................................................ 64, 76

Hokmabadi F. ................................................ 50, 152

Honari S. ................................................................ 93

Honarmand E. ................................................. 21, 37

Hormozi Nezhad M.R. ..................................... 26, 95

Hormozi-Nezhad M.R. ......................................... 120

Hosainian H. ........................................................ 163

Hossainian H. ........................................................ 94

Hosseini E. ........................................................... 183

Hosseini Ghalehno M. ......................................... 107

Hosseini H. .................................................... 57, 169

Hosseini M. 50, 55, 69, 70, 74, 75, 97, 129, 148, 158,

203

Hosseini M.S........................................................ 114

Hosseini S.H. ......................................................... 54

Hosseini S.M........................................................ 219

Hosseini Sh. ........................................................... 74

Hosseini-Bandegharaei A. ................................... 183

Hosseini-Bandegharaei H. ................................... 183

Hosseiny S.S. ......................................................... 62

Hosseinzadeh Colagar A. ..................................... 218

id Kalal H. ............................................................ 205

Ilkhani H. ............................................................. 213

Imani M. .......................................................... 54, 57

Imani Nejad F. ....................................................... 37

Iraji A. .................................................................. 196

Iravani M. ............................................................ 161

Irvani N. ................................................................. 73

Isazadeh S. .................................................. 152, 153

Islamnezhad A. .................................................... 122

Izadi Fard M. ....................................................... 175

Izadiyan P. ........................................................... 180

Izadmanesh Y. ..................................................... 178

Jabbari A. .............................................. 68, 100, 147

Jaberi L. ............................................................... 210

Jafari S.M. ............................................................. 45

Jafari L. ................................................................ 150

Jafari M. T................................................ 13, 26, 119

Jafari M.T. ..................................................... 62, 113

Jafari N. ................................................................. 40

Jafari S. .................................................... 96, 97, 222

Jafari S.M............................................................. 163

Jafarian M. .......................................................... 212

Jafary F. ................................................................. 23

Jahanbakhshi M. ................................................... 19

Jalaeean Yadavar E. ............................................... 88

Jalajerdi R. ............................................................. 36

Jalalabadi Y. ......................................................... 183

Jalali S. ................................................................... 86

Jalali-Heravi M. ............................. 6, 8, 25, 136, 152

Jalalvand A. ........................................................... 70

Jalili R. ................................................................. 116

Jamali F. .............................................................. 115

Jamali M.R. ................................ 60, 66, 67, 185, 202

Jamshidi M. ......................................................... 164

Janani H. ................................................................ 38

Janati Z. ............................................................... 116

Janjan S.M. .......................................................... 220

Jannat doust E. .................................................... 145

Javadi N. ................................................................ 51

Javaheri M. .................................................... 13, 119

Javanbakht M. ............ 31, 65, 75, 173, 179, 188, 191

Javanbakhta M. ............................................... 89, 92

Javidnia K. ........................................................... 218

Jenssen H. ............................................................. 17

Jokar R. .................................................................. 69

Kahani S.A. .......................................................... 126

Kalantar Z. ............................. 91, 135, 181, 220, 221

Kalantaripour M. ................................................. 116

Kalhor P. ................................................................ 42

Kamalabadi-Farahani M. ............................... 60, 185

Kamalinejad M. ................................................... 144

Kamangarian S. ........................................... 112, 217

Kamran S. ............................................................ 120

Karami E. ............................................................... 84

Karami H. ...................................................... 81, 120

Karami Z. ............................................................. 110

Kardani F. ............................................................ 196

Kargarb H. ........................................................... 126

Kargari A. ............................................................. 191

Kargosha K. ........................................................... 45

Karimi M. ................................................ 45, 59, 112

Karimi M.A. ................................................. 192, 193

Karimi Shervedani R. ........ 20, 77, 124, 125, 175, 212

Karimian P. .......................................................... 204

Karimic M.A. ........................................................ 120

Karimi-Kargar M. ................................................... 22

Karimi-Maleh H. ............................... 24, 30, 33, 123

Karimizare P. ....................................................... 208

Karim-Nezhad G. ........................................... 39, 107

Karimpour M. ...................................................... 170

Karimzadeh L. ...................................... 121, 139, 141

Kashtiaray A. ......................................................... 64

Kaviyan H. ........................................................... 151

Kaviyani M........................................................... 190

Kaykhaii M........................................................... 107

Kazem Rofouei M. ................................. 62, 163, 164

Kazeman Alanagh I. ............................................. 212

Kazemi M. ........................................................... 147

Kazemi M.S............................................................ 35

Kazemipour M. .................................... 155, 158, 159

Keshavarz M.H. ................................................... 219

Keshavarzi M. .............................................. 150, 204

Keshvari F. ............................................................. 44

Keyvanfard M. ............................................... 30, 211

Khabaz-zadeh H. ................................................. 114

Khademi R. .......................................................... 195

Khafaji M. .............................................................. 16

Khajeh sharifi H. ................................................... 89

Khajehsharifi H. ........................... 115, 176, 177, 182

Khajehzadeh A. ................................................... 154

Khajereza A. ........................................................ 114

Khajezade M. ........................................................ 31

Khalili Boroujeni M. ......................................... 57, 58

Khalili M. ............................................................... 58

Khalili N. ................................................................ 92

Khalilnejad M. ....................................................... 63

Khalilnezhad M. .................................................. 137

235

Khamse safa Z. .................................................... 197

Khanchi A.R. ..... 48, 58, 63, 64, 93, 97, 119, 184, 208

Khani A. ............................................................... 186

Khani H. ................................................................. 85

Khani R. ............................................................... 210

Khanmohammadi A. ................................... 111, 190

Khanmohammadi M. ...................... 13, 48, 133, 205

Khanmohammadi M.R. ............................... 134, 200

Khasayesi H. .......................................................... 93

Khataee A.R. .......................................................... 87

Khayamian T. ..................................... 21, 26, 48, 195

Khayat Kashani M.......................................... 15, 129

Khayatzadeh M. .................................................. 119

Khayatzadeh Mahani M. ................................. 41, 43

Khazaeli E. ........................................................... 154

Khazaie Sh. .......................................................... 156

Kheiri F. ......................................................... 76, 145

Kheirmand M. ..................................................... 115

Kheradmandi H. .......................................... 109, 204

Khezri S. ................................................................ 44

Khodabakhshi S. .................................................. 101

Khodadadi R. ......................................................... 75

Khodadoust S. ....................................................... 90

Khodakarami Z. ..................................................... 48

Khodaveisi J. .................................................... 26, 95

Khodavirdilo B. ..................................................... 35

Khodavirdlo Z. ...................................................... 35

Khoddami E. ........................................................ 214

Khoddami N. ................................... 13, 48, 133, 134

Khojeh V. ................................. 59, 96, 112, 113, 170

Kholghi H. ...................................................... 12, 125

Khorasani- Motlagh M. ....................................... 124

Khorasani-Motlagh M. ....... 12, 79, 80, 124, 125, 146

Khorasani-Motlaghb M. ........................................ 77

Khorramnezhad M. ............................................... 95

Khoshandam M. .................................................... 99

Khoshbakht Fahim N. ............................................ 98

Khoshfetrat S.M. ................................................. 219

Khososi T. ............................................................ 122

Khosousi T. .......................................................... 129

Khosravi A. .......................................................... 130

Khosropour A.R. .................................................... 20

Khozuei M. .......................................................... 178

Khyatzadeh Mahani M. ....................................... 113

Kiaee S.H. ............................................................ 137

Kiamarzi S.S. ........................................................ 101

Kianfar A.H. ......................................................... 162

Kiani-Anbouhi R. ................................................. 131

Kianmehr A. .......................................................... 41

Kianpisheh A. ........................................................ 64

Kiarostami V. ......................................................... 41

Kiasat A.R. ........................................... 119, 160, 206

Kiyani F. ......................................................... 63, 108

Kkhani R. ............................................................. 116

Konoz E. ................................. 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 122

Kooshesh P. ................................................... 89, 115

Kordi E. ................................................................ 126

Kyani A. ................................................................. 17

L. Manzoori J. ................................................ 68, 118

L.Manzoori J. ............................................... 116, 169

Larijani K................................................................ 56

Lashgari Sh. ........................................................... 47

Lotfi Sh. ............................................................... 167

Louie O. ............................................................... 220

M. Amini M. ........................................................ 140

M. Bahram ........................................................ 8, 49

M. Sarrafi A.H. ................................... 44, 47, 49, 190

M.Ghashghaee F. ................................................ 111

M.Ghashghaee M. ....................................... 111, 190

M.Sarrafi A.H. ................................................ 47, 111

Maghsoodi S........................................................ 220

Maghsoudi S. ................................................... 24, 96

Maham M. ............................................................ 93

Mahboobi V. ............................................. 39, 72, 81

Mahmoodi L. ....................................................... 158

Mahmoodi M.M. ................................................... 25

Mahmoud Roushani .............................................. 13

Majidi B. ................................................................ 72

Majidi M.R. ............................. 20, 30, 40, 78, 87, 222

Makarem S. ........................................................... 31

Maleki Dr. .............................................................. 52

Maleki R. ....................................................... 61, 151

Maleki S. ................................................................ 39

Malekzadeh H. ............................................ 181, 209

Mallakpour Sh. .................................................... 131

Malmir M. ................................................... 191, 192

Mani-Varnosfaderani A. ........................................ 25

Manouchehri F. ..................................................... 51

Mansouri G ........................................................... 13

Marandi R. .......................................................... 130

Mardihallaj A. ...................................................... 195

Marjani A. ........................................................... 100

Maryamabadi A. .................................................. 167

Mashayekhi Nezamabadi A. ................................ 160

Mashhadizadeh M.H. .... 32, 36, 86, 87, 97, 110, 122,

164, 205

Mashkouri Najafi N. ............................................ 186

Mashmoul A. ....................................................... 127

masoudi S. ............................................................. 51

Masoum S. .............................................. 4, 131, 200

Masrournia M. .................................... 145, 165, 203

Massoudi A.B. ..................................................... 220

Massoumi B. ....................................................... 218

Massumi B. ............................................................ 80

Masteri-Farahani M. ............................................. 62

Matin A.A. ........................................................... 195

Matt D. ................................................................ 115

Mazaheri S. ........................................................... 94

Mazloomifar A....................................................... 43

Mazloum-Ardakani M. 12, 34, 82, 83, 125, 126, 127,

220

Mazloum-Ardakania M. ...................................... 126

Mazlumi E. .......................................................... 101

Mazoochi A. ........................................................ 104

Meftah S. ..................................................... 109, 204

Meghdadi S. ................................................ 122, 222

Mehdinavaz R. ...................................................... 47

Mehdinia A. ................................................... 68, 100

Mehrafza N. ........................................................ 198

Mehrdad Sharif A.A. ............................................ 222

Mehrfar S. ............................................................. 40

Mehrgardi M.A. ..................................................... 27

236

Mehri Z. ................................................................. 42

Memarbashi N. ..................................................... 59

Meshki M. ............................................................. 77

Milani S.A. ................................................... 187, 219

Mirabi A. ........................................... 60, 66, 67, 142

Mirahmadi E. ....................................................... 189

Mirakhorli Sh. ........................................................ 85

Miran Beigi A.A. ............................................ 54, 107

Mirjalali B.F. ........................................................ 104

Mirjalili B.F. ..................................................... 82, 83

Mirkhani V. ............................................................ 20

Mirmahdieh Sh.................................................... 195

Mirsalari F. .......................................................... 190

Mirshafian R. ......................................................... 27

Mirza B. ............................................................... 129

Mirzaei Garakani T. ............................................... 32

Mirzaei M. ..................................... 98, 114, 140, 203

Mirzajani R. ................................................. 160, 206

Moayed M. .......................................................... 156

Modares Tehrani Z. ............................................... 65

Moein M.M. ........................................................ 188

Mofazzeli F. ......................................................... 185

Mofidi Z. ................................................................ 86

Moftakhar M.K. ................................................... 103

Moghimi A. .............................. 87, 97, 166, 191, 192

Mohadesi A.R. ............................................. 114, 199

Mohajer S. ........................................................... 115

Mohajeri M. ........................................................ 125

Mohamadi M. ............................................... 63, 173

Mohamadrezaei M. ............................................. 181

Mohammad Alizadeh M. ............................... 52, 137

Mohammad Nejad S. ............................................ 51

Mohammad pour Z. ............................................ 184

Mohammad Zadeh Kakhki R. .............................. 138

Mohammadhosseini M. ................................ 93, 179

Mohammadi A. ............................................. 32, 134

Mohammadi A.A. .................................................. 31

Mohammadi B. ..................................................... 16

Mohammadi F. ...................................................... 31

Mohammadi K. ...................................................... 41

Mohammadi N. ..................................... 65, 172, 173

Mohammadi N.A. ................................................ 197

Mohammadi S.Z. ................. 121, 139, 141, 194, 196

Mohammadi Z. .................................................... 151

Mohammadkhah A. .............................................. 35

Mohammad-khah A. ........................................... 121

Mohammadnejad M. .......................................... 150

Mohammadnejad S. .......... 55, 74, 97, 148, 158, 203

Mohammadpour Amini M. ........................... 66, 146

Mohammad-Rezaei R. ......................................... 175

Mohsenikia A. ..................................................... 166

Mohtasham A........................................................ 16

Moinipour M. ........................................................ 45

Mojarabi M.H. ....................................................... 63

Mojtaba Shamsipura ............................................. 13

Mokhtar Sh. .......................................................... 95

Mokhtari A. ......................................................... 211

Mokhtari M. .......................................................... 20

Molaakbari E. ...................................................... 195

Mollaie Poli F......................................................... 90

Momen Kiaei F. ................................................... 150

Moniri E. ...................................................... 197, 205

Montazeri M. .......................................... 92, 94, 165

Montazerozohori M. ..................................... 31, 145

Montazerzohori M. ............................................. 125

Moosazadeh A. ..................................................... 39

Moradi Abdoluosofi L. ......................................... 145

Moradi M. ............................... 64, 76, 198, 199, 200

Moradi Robati Gh.R. ............................................. 74

Moradi S. ....................................................... 60, 100

Moradian M. ............................................. 60, 66, 67

Moradkhani R...................................................... 146

Mosavi F. ............................................................... 81

Mosavi S. ............................................................. 175

Mosayebzadeh Z. .................................................. 72

Moshasha M. ...................................................... 161

Mostafavi A. .................................. 63, 144, 195, 196

Motamedi M.H. ..................................................... 71

Motshakker Arani M. .......................................... 222

Mousavi Azar A. .................................................. 219

Mousavi H.Z. ....................................................... 146

Mousavi Motlagh A. .............................................. 47

Movahedi M. ....................................................... 115

Movassagh B. ...................................................... 215

Mozaffari S. A. ................................................ 16, 80

Mozaffari Sh. ....................................................... 147

Mozdiyanfard M.................................................. 190

Mozdiyanfard M.R. ............................................. 222

Nabavi M. .................................................... 108, 168

Nabavizadeh S.M. ............................................... 154

Nabizadeh Chianeh F. ........................................... 87

Naderi D. ............................................................. 210

Naderi H. ............................................................. 193

Naderi M. .............................................................. 14

Naderlou M. ........................................................ 216

Naeeni M.H. .................................. 19, 108, 171, 199

Naeimi H. .................................................... 125, 220

Naghashian Haghighi A. ...................................... 170

Naghavi M. .......................................................... 209

Naghdi T. ............................................................... 18

Naghizadeh F. ........................................................ 74

Najafi M. ............................................... 87, 173, 215

Najafi-Marandi P. .................................................. 30

Namjumanesh M.H. .............................................. 65

Naseri A. ................................................................ 46

Naseri M. ............................................................. 144

Naser-Sadrabadi A. ............................................. 127

Nasiri H. ................................................................. 20

Nasiri M. .............................................................. 102

Nasirpouri F......................................................... 220

Nasseri H. ............................................................ 145

Nateghi A. ........................................................... 132

Navabi A........................................................ 92, 163

Nazari Serenjeh F. ............................................... 215

Nazarpur M. .......................................................... 78

Nejati M. ............................................................. 163

Nekoei M. ...................................................... 93, 179

Nekooi P. ............................................................... 24

Nemati F. ............................................................. 202

Nemati H. ............................................................ 154

Nematollahi D. ............................................ 123, 172

Nematollahib D. .................................................. 213

237

Nemmatollahi F. .................................................... 56

Nezad Khorasani Sh............................................. 193

Nezakati P. .......................................................... 179

Nezamzadeh Ejhieh A.R. ..................................... 161

Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh A. .......................................... 82

Nezhadali A. ................................ 105, 106, 108, 168

Niazi A. .. 43, 72, 84, 92, 94, 127, 128, 133, 138, 163,

164, 165, 183, 211

Nickhoo M. .......................................................... 151

Nikjo A. ................................................................ 167

Niknam E. ........................... 73, 97, 98, 150, 163, 204

Niknam K. .............................................. 97, 163, 164

Nikoofard H. .......................................................... 42

Nikoofard H.N. ...................................................... 42

Nilchi A. ......................................................... 50, 103

Nojavan S. ................................................... 143, 150

Noorizadeh H. ....................................................... 17

Norooz-Asl R. ........................................................ 79

Noroozi M. .......................................................... 205

Noroozian E. .................................................... 24, 96

Noroozifar M. ............... 12, 77, 79, 80, 124, 125, 146

Norouz Sarvestani F. ........................................... 189

Norouzi Bakhsh M. ................................................ 75

Norouzi F. .............................................................. 83

Norouzi J. ............................................................ 188

Norouzi P....... 27, 32, 58, 66, 75, 109, 131, 173, 177,

204, 213

Nouri N. ................................................................. 51

Nouri S. ................................................... 46, 47, 221

Nourifard F. ......................................................... 168

Nouri-Karkaragh M. .............................................. 30

Nourmohammadi-Dehbalaie Y............................ 136

Nozad A. ................................................................ 40

Ojani R. ................................................................ 216

Oliaei Torshizi S. .................................................... 86

Omidi Moghadam N. ........................................... 140

Omidvar-Motlagh M. .......................................... 159

Otokesh M. ........................................................... 64

Pajand Birjandi A. .................................................. 57

Pakdel Z. .............................................................. 215

Pakniat M. ........................................... 118, 145, 217

Parastar H. .......................................................... 152

Parchehbaf Jadid A. ............................................. 180

Parham H. ............................... 38, 85, 109, 117, 222

Parinejad M. ........................................................ 115

Pasdar H. ............................................................. 179

Payeghadr M. ...................................................... 168

Payehghadr M. ...................... 54, 132, 201, 203, 212

Pirali Hamedani M................................................. 57

Piri Moghadam H. ................................................. 23

Pirsa S. ................................................................... 61

Porgham A. ................................................. 139, 148

Porsharieh S. ......................................................... 66

Poshteh-Shirani M. ............................................... 72

Pouladsaz P. .......................................................... 82

Pourabdi L. .......................................................... 150

Poureshghi F. ...................................................... 212

Pouretedal H.R. ............................................. 71, 117

Pourghobadi R..................................................... 172

Pourhakkak P. ....................................................... 34

Pourjavadi A. ....................................................... 184

Pourjavid M.R........................................................ 58

Pourmatin A. ................................. 48, 63, 64, 93, 97

Pournaghiazar M. H. ............................................. 19

Pourrahim R. ......................................................... 61

Pourrez N. ........................................................... 121

Pourreza N. ............ 18, 116, 117, 119, 164, 188, 206

Poursaberi T. ................................................... 10, 54

Pourtaghavi Talemi R. ........................................... 32

Prieto N. ...................................................... 131, 200

Qaneinasab S. ..................................................... 137

Rabani N. ............................................................. 105

Rafeie Boldaji S. .................................................. 111

Rafiee H. ................................................................ 41

Rafiee M. ............................................................... 25

Rahbar M. ............................................................. 87

Rahemi V. ............................................................ 216

Rahimi A. ..................................................... 138, 150

Rahimi M. .................................................... 173, 215

Rahimi S. ............................................................. 164

Rahimpour H. ........................................................ 78

Rahmani F. .......................................................... 198

Rahmanian O......................................................... 62

Raisi S. ................................................................. 159

Rajabi A.A. ............................................. 19, 108, 199

Rajabi H.R. ........................................................... 190

Rajabi Khorrami A. .............................................. 149

Rajabi M. ......................................... 60, 68, 185, 202

Rakh M. ................................................................. 98

Ramazan Ghasem R. ........................................... 162

Ramazani Taghartapeh M. .................................. 187

Ramezani M. ....................................................... 107

Ramezani Z. ......................................................... 101

Ranjar L. .............................................................. 199

Ranjbar M. .................................................... 94, 162

Ranjkeshzadeh N. ................................................ 143

Raoof J.B. .................................................... 216, 218

Raouf Moini M. ................................................... 226

Rasekh M. ............................................................. 67

Rasouli Garmarodi S. ............................................. 50

Rastegarzadeh S. ................................................. 116

Ravandeh M. ....................................................... 146

Razavi N. ............................................................. 101

Razghandi F. .......................................................... 84

Razmi H. .......................................... 20, 84, 175, 176

Razzaghi M.S. ...................................................... 118

Refahati R. ............................................................. 86

Rezaee M. ........................ 64, 76, 100, 108, 147, 171

Rezaei A......................................................... 62, 176

Rezaei B. ........................................ 62, 112, 113, 214

Rezaei F. ................................................................ 43

Rezaei M. .............................................. 50, 152, 214

Rezaeifar Z. ........................................................... 58

Rezaie Karder Z. .................................................. 187

Rezazadeh M. ...................................................... 109

Rezvani A. .............................................................. 38

Rezvaninia Z. ......................................................... 77

Riahi S. ........................................ 109, 131, 177, 204

Riahib S. .................................................. 89, 92, 213

Riazi M.M. ............................................................. 73

Robatmeily M. ....................................................... 48

Rofouei M.K. ....................................................... 164

238

Rohani M. ............................................................ 222

Roohi F. ............................................................... 100

Roostayi A. ............................................................ 14

Roshdi Dilmaghani M. ......................................... 117

Rostaii A. ............................................................. 171

Rostami A. ............................................................. 22

Rostami S. ........................................................... 124

Rouhani Sh. ......................................................... 158

Rouhollahi A. .................. 82, 109, 122, 146, 172, 215

Rounaghi G.H ........................................................ 84

Rounaghi G.H. ........................................... 40, 53, 57

Rounaghi Gh........................................................ 138

Rustaiyan A. .......................................................... 51

S. Razmara R. ........................................................ 53

Saadati M. ........................................................... 111

Saadati Z. ..................................................... 185, 187

Saadatifar M. ....................................................... 199

Saadatirad A. ......................................................... 20

Saanei F. .............................................................. 182

Sabahi F. .............................................................. 104

Sabbagh F. ............................................................. 38

Sabbah Isfahani N. ................................................ 37

Saberi R. ................................................................ 50

Sabermahani F. ............................................. 74, 106

Sabokrooh E. ....................................................... 108

Sabzevari S. ......................................................... 117

Sabzi R.E. ....................................................... 14, 145

Sadat Hosseiny M. ................................................. 57

Sadat Saberi R. ...................................................... 39

Sadegh Samiei S. ................................................. 129

Sadeghi M. .................................................... 94, 222

Sadeghi O. ..................................................... 66, 146

Sadeghi S. .................................................... 128, 197

Saebi Z. ................................................................ 104

Saeed J. ............................................................... 114

Saeednia S. ............................................................ 36

Saeidi M. ............................................................. 208

Saeidi Nejad F........................................................ 83

Safari J. .................................................................. 76

Safarpoor A. .......................................................... 85

Safavi A. ...................................................... 129, 218

Safayi M. ............................................................. 169

Safdarian M. ........................................................ 216

Safi Shalamzari M. ................................................. 51

Saghatforoush L. ................................................. 107

Sahrae R. ............................................. 102, 152, 196

Sahraei R. .............................................................. 53

Saidikhah M. ....................................................... 118

Sajjadi S.M. ............................................................ 25

Salavati H. ........................................................... 157

Saleh A. ............................................................... 199

Salehfard F. ......................................................... 171

Salehi A. ................................................................ 81

Salehi Q.R. ........................................................... 201

Salemian S. .......................................................... 125

Salimi A. .............................................................. 111

Salimi F. ................................... 52, 63, 108, 137, 171

Salmanipour A. ...................................................... 85

Sam A. ......................................................... 187, 219

Samadi Meibodi A. .............................................. 218

Samadi N. ............................................ 143, 148, 156

Samadi S. ............................... 96, 110, 113, 170, 178

Samadi–Maybodi A. ............................................ 110

Samadizadeh M................................................... 137

Samari F. ............................................................. 154

Samghani K............................................................ 75

Samnejhad F........................................................ 183

Sanave Khosnod R. .............................................. 165

Sanavi Khoshnood R. ........................................... 203

Sarafraz Yazdi A. .................................................. 185

Sarafraz-Yazdi A. ................................................... 23

Saraji M. . 19, 26, 48, 57, 58, 113, 123, 170, 198, 199

Sardari khanjarlu Z. ............................................. 217

Sareban N. ........................................................... 176

Sargordan-Arani M. ..................................... 129, 213

Sarkouhi M. ........................................................... 22

Sarlak N. ............................. 45, 47, 61, 162, 163, 209

Sarmast S. ............................................................. 80

Sarrafi A.H. ............................................................ 48

Sarvi I. ................................................................. 184

Sayfi A. ................................................................ 151

Sefidsiahbandi M. ................................................. 55

Seidi Sh. ........................ 100, 171, 194, 198, 199, 200

Sepehr S. ............................................................... 23

Sereshti H. .. 59, 66, 96, 110, 112, 113, 152, 170, 178

Setayeshi H.A. ....................................................... 75

Seydi S. .......................................................... 19, 108

Seyed Dorraji P. ..................................................... 39

Seyed mohaghegh S.M........................................ 214

Sha'abani S. ................................................... 91, 135

Shabani-Nooshabadi M. .................................. 15, 88

Shabkhizan S. ...................................................... 202

Shadabi Sh. .......................................... 105, 144, 149

Shafaei F. ............................................................... 56

Shafaghat A. ............................ 52, 63, 108, 137, 171

Shafie M. ............................................................. 157

Shahabi S. ............................................................ 177

Shahheydari F. .................................................... 120

Shahhoseini F. ..................................................... 138

Shahmoradi G. .................................................... 184

Shahriari A. .......................................................... 105

Shahrokhian S. ................................................ 16, 39

Shahrouz M. ........................................................ 121

Shahshahani pour M. ............................................ 99

Shaikh ghomi H. .................................................... 43

Shakeri P. .................................................... 216, 217

Shakerin N. .......................................................... 197

Shakerizadeh-Shirazi F. ....................................... 218

Shakhesi S. ............................................................ 47

Shams E. ..................................... 2, 20, 60, 77, 79, 95

Shams Ghahfarokhi Z. ......................................... 161

Shams N. ............................................................. 183

Shamseddin H. .................................................... 135

Shamsipur M. .... 15, 21, 22, 54, 69, 87, 97, 107, 122,

190, 208

Shamspur T. ........................................................ 123

Sharafian S. ......................................................... 203

Sharghi H. ...................................................... 87, 153

Shariati A. ............................................................ 130

Shariati M.R......................................... 154, 155, 207

Shariati Sh. ............................................................ 38

Shariati-Rad M. ..................................................... 17

239

Sharif L. ................................................................. 52

Sharifi S. ................................................................ 43

Sharifi-Mehr S. ...................................................... 52

Sharifnejad Z. ...................................................... 212

Shayani-Jam H. .................................................... 172

Sheibani A. .................................................... 75, 194

Sheibani M. ......................................................... 160

Sheikh-Mohseni M.A. ............................ 12, 125, 127

Sheikh-Najdi K. .................................................... 119

Sheikhshoaei I. ...................................................... 36

Sheikhshoaie I. ............................................ 106, 123

Shekarchi M. ......................................... 55, 131, 200

Shekari N. ............................................................ 140

Shemirani F. .................................... 17, 72, 116, 210

Sherafatmand H. ................................................... 26

Sheykhnejad Gh. ................................................. 150

Shikhian L. ............................................................. 98

Shirazian S. .......................................................... 100

Shirdam R. ............................................................. 65

Shiri S. ................................................................. 167

Shiri-Yekta Z. ....................................................... 103

Shirkhanloo H. ............................................. 109, 146

Shirvani N. ........................................................... 170

Shishebore M.R. .................................................... 69

Shishehbore M.R. .................................................. 75

Shoaei Z. .............................................................. 171

Shojaei M. ........................................................... 150

Shojaie G.R. ......................................................... 191

Shokoufi N. .................................................... 14, 104

Shokouhi M. ........................................................ 206

Shokrollahi A. ....................... 31, 84, 94, 97, 162, 170

Sid kalal H. ........................................................... 205

Sobhi H.R. .............................................................. 64

Sohrabi M.R. ................................................. 64, 179

Sohrabi N. ........................................................... 203

Solduzi A.............................................................. 156

Soleimani M. ................ 139, 140, 141, 148, 186, 193

Soleimani P. .................................................... 54, 64

Soleimani Sh. ....................................................... 131

Soleimanzadegan S. ............................................ 176

Soleymani S. ........................................................ 177

Soltani A. ............................................................. 187

Soltani N. ............................................................... 82

Soltanian S. ......................................................... 137

Soltanpour N. ........................................................ 80

Sorouraddin M.H. .................................. 22, 111, 165

Soroureddin M.H. ............................................... 188

Soroureddin S.M. ................................................ 187

Sotudehnia L. ...................................................... 192

Su-Moon Park ................................................. 16, 80

Tabaie P............................................................... 174

Tabandeh M. ....................................................... 161

Tabani H. ............................................................. 143

Tabaraki R. ................. 43, 89, 91, 132, 139, 181, 182

Tafazzoli M. ......................................................... 110

Taghdiri M. .......................................................... 212

Taghizadeh T. ........................................................ 17

Taghvimi A. ........................................................... 84

Taher M.A. ........................................ 27, 74, 85, 106

Taheri A.R. ............................................................. 33

Taheri K. .......................................................... 37, 71

Taherifar A. ......................................................... 209

Taherinia D. ........................................................... 25

Taherkhani M. ..................................................... 149

Taherpour A. ......................................... 36, 136, 179

Tahmasebi E. ....................................................... 100

Tahmooresi M. .................................................... 177

Takjoo R. ............................................................... 73

Taleb Z. .................................................................. 68

Talebanpourbayat E. ........................................... 154

Talebi R. ........................................................ 47, 221

Talebian N. .................................................. 162, 207

Talebpour Z. ................................................ 139, 209

Tammari E. .......................................................... 213

Tanha A.A. ........................................................... 151

Taraji M. .............................................................. 139

Tashkhourian J. ............................... 26, 95, 125, 145

Tavakkoli N. ......................................... 183, 210, 211

Tavakoli H. ........................................... 125, 147, 186

Tavakoli M. ............................................................ 75

Tavakoli N. ............................................................ 99

Tavakolian Ardakani Z. .......................................... 75

Tavallali H. ................................... 120, 161, 189, 209

Tavassoli M. ........................................................ 147

Tavassoli N. ........................................... 66, 140, 146

Tehrani M.S. .......................................................... 49

Teimouri A............................................................. 82

Teymouri M. .......................................................... 54

Tirnia M. .............................................................. 118

Tofighi F. ..................................................... 148, 203

Tohidi M. ............................................................ 218

Torab pour A. ........................................ 61, 170, 195

Torabbeigi M. ........................................................ 49

Torabi M. ............................................................. 175

Torbati S. ............................................................. 142

Toulabi A. .................................................. 43, 89, 91

Toulabi P. ............................................................ 102

Vafaei Z. .............................................................. 164

Vafazadeh R. ......................................................... 12

Vahdani S. ........................................................... 137

Vahedi H. ............................................................. 220

Vahidpur M. .......................................................... 41

Valipour S. ........................................................... 106

Valizadeh J. ......................................................... 146

Vardast M.R. ............................................... 143, 148

Vatani F. ................................................................ 36

Vaziri M. ................................................................ 32

Veisi H. .................................................................. 96

Vessally E............................................................. 152

Vosough M. ......................................................... 101

Waqif Husain S. ..................................................... 49

Yaftian M.R. ..................... 86, 97, 102, 103, 111, 115

Yaghoubi N. ......................................................... 128

Yamini Y. . 15, 18, 19, 64, 76, 99, 100, 108, 147, 171,

194, 197, 198, 199, 200

Yari A. .................................................... 83, 118, 173

Yaryan Z. ............................................................... 77

Yazdanbakhsh M. .................................................. 32

Yazdandoost H. ................................................... 221

Yazdanfar N. ........................................................ 197

Yazdani M............................................................ 130

Yeganeh Faal A. ............................................. 42, 160

240

Yeganeh-faal A. ........................................... 155, 160

Yosofi Z. ............................................................... 139

Younesi H. ........................................................... 101

Yousefi Sh. ........................................................... 113

Zahedi M.M. ........................................................ 190

Zahmatkesh S. ..................................................... 189

Zali H. .................................................................... 77

Zamani A.A. ........................................... 86, 103, 115

Zamani H.A. ................................................. 122, 222

Zamani Hargalani F. .............................................. 56

Zandi-Atashbar N. ................................................. 18

Zanganeh A.R. ..................................................... 157

Zanjanchi M.A. ................................................ 32, 38

Zanoozi M. .................................................... 41, 136

Zare B. ................................................................... 39

Zare M. .................................................... 12, 77, 219

Zarei A.R. ............................................................... 61

Zarei K. .................................................................. 95

Zarei L. ................................................................. 112

Zareian F. .............................................................. 77

Zare-Shahabadi V. ............................................... 176

Zargar B. ........................... 38, 85, 109, 121, 142, 222

Zarnegar Z. ............................................................ 76

Zavvar Mousavi H. ............................................... 109

Zohuri G.H. ............................................................ 23

Zojaji M. .............................................................. 143

Zolgharnein J. ...................................................... 206

Zoriasatein F. ................................................. 69, 197

Zowghi S. ............................................................. 183

vi

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Chair: Mohsen Behpour Members: Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi Ali Gholami Saeed Masoum Mehdi Shabani Nooshabadi Abdoulhamid Bamoniri

With sincere collaboration of the University of Kashan graduate students:

Asma Khoobi Nargess Mohammadi Zohreh Moghadam Zakieh Khoobi Marzeieh Meshki Vajihe Atoof Maryam Khayat-Kashani Atefe Mohsenikia Ebrahim Honarmand Hooshang Noorizadeh Maryam Chakeri Mahshid Golestaneh Mohsen Arandashti Yaser Jafari Faezeh Saeedinejad Mohammad Hassan Motaghedifard

vii

REFEREES

Arab, M. Shahrood University of Technology Abbaspour A. Shiraz University Abdollahi H. Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Abdolmohammadzadeh, H. Azarbaijan University of Tarbiat Moallem Absalan G. Shiraz University Arbab – Zavar M.H. Shahrood University of Technology Asadpur – zeynali K. Tabriz University Ashassi H. Tabriz University Atabati, M. Ilam University Ayatollahi M. Isfahan University Azimi G. Arak University Babanezhad E. Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr Bagheri H. Sharif University of Technology Baharan M. Urmia University Baheri, T. The Research Center of Antinarcotics Police of Iran Beiraghi , A. Tarbiat Moallem University Benvidi, A. Yazd University Chaloosi , M. Tarbiat Moallem University Dadfarnia S. Yazd University Dalali N. Zanjan University Djozan J. Tabriz University Ebrahimi B. University of Kurdistan Elhami, S. Islamic Azad University, Ahwaz Science & Research Eshaghi Z. Payam Noor University of Mashhad Eskandari H. Mohaghegh Ardabili University Esteki, M. Isfahan University of Technology Faghihian H. Isfahan University Fakhari A. Shahid Beheshti University Farajzadeh M.A. Tabriz University Farhadi, K. Urmia University Fatemi ,M.H. Mazandaran University Fotouhi L. Alzahra University Ghanemi , K. Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University Ghiasvand A.R. Lorestan University Hadjmohammadi , M.A Mazandaran University Haghighi B. Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Hajishabani A.M. Yazd University Hasani M. Bu-Ali Sina University Hashemi P. Lorestan University

viii

Hormozi – nezhad N. Sharif University of Technology Hosseini Najd M. Birjand University Jafarian M.H. K.N. Toosi University of Technology Jalali Heravi , M. Sharif University of Technology Kamyabi M.A. Zanjan University Karimi shervedani R. Isfahan University Kaykhaii M. Sistan and Baluchestan University Khalilian F. Islamic Azad University, Shahr Rey Khayamian T. Isfahan University of Technology Kiani A. Isfahan University kompany M. Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Madrakian T. Bu- Ali Sina University Mashhadi zaded M.H Tarbiat Moallem University Mazloum Ardakany M. Yazd University Mirzaei M. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Mirzajani, R. Shahid Chamran University Mollahosseini A. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Mostafavi A. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Mousavi M. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Naseri, A. Islamice Azad University of Tabriz Branch Niazi, A. Islamice Azad University of Arak Branch Noroozian E. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Noroozifar M. Sistan and Baluchestan University Norouzi P. Tehran University Ojani R. Mazandaran University Parham H. Shahid Chamran University Pourreza, N. Shahid Chamran University Pournaghiazar M.H. Tabriz University Rafiee M . Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences Rahbar , N. Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences Ramazani, Z. Jondi Shapoor Ahwaz University of Medical Sciences Raoof J. Mazandaran University Rastegarzadeh S. Shahid Chamran University Razmi H. Tabriz University Rezai B. Isfahan University of Technology Sabzi, R. Urmia University Sadeghi S. University of Birjand Salami A. Kurdistan University Shahrokhyan S. Sharif University of Technology Shams E. Isfahan University Tabaraki, R. Damghan University of Basic Science Taher M.A. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Tammari E. Payam noor University Tashkhoorian J. Persian Gulf University

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Yaftian M.R. Zanjan University Yamini y. Tarbiat Modarres University Yari A. Lorestan University Zanjanchi, MA. Guilan University Zare H. Yazd University Zarei A.R. Malek Ashtar University Zargar , B. Shahid Chamran University