The African Slave Trade

In your notebook create a chart and complete only the side that says: “What I know about Slavery in America”

What I know about slavery What I have learned about slavery

• Slavery predates written records and has existed in many cultures.

• Chattel slavery is the original form of slavery. People are treated as personal property, chattels, of an owner and are bought and sold as goods.

• Slavery was known in almost every ancient civilization, and society,

• In the earliest known records slavery is treated as an established institution. The Code of Hammurabi (ca. 1760 BC) prescribed death for anyone who helped a slave to escape or who sheltered a fugitive.

http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/slavery/world.html

When did Slavery Begin?

Development of African Slavery

In Africa Old World New World

Who? Africans enslaved other Africans

Europeans enslaved Africans

Europeans enslaved Africans

Where taken? stayed in Africa taken to Europe taken to West Indies

How used? Domestic servants(women) and soldiers (men).

worked as domestic servants or as exotic show pieces of wealthy people

worked in agricultural fields and few as domestic servants.

Treatment? died of diseases; many were freed.

Not treated well, but not as badly as in the New World

treated brutally

Life and Future?

Slavery ended at death – children would not continue to be slaves

By 1770s most European countries abolished African slavery

Slaves were in a racial class and worked for generations

Slavery existed in Africa for thousands of years before the Europeans arrived and began taking people to the New World.

When the European Slave traders arrived in the 1500s, there was already a well established slave trade network in Africa.

The Columbian Exchange

• 17th century trading process in which goods and enslaved people were exchanged across the Atlantic Ocean

• Africans were transported to the West Indies where they were sold for raw materials.

• These raw materials were returned to England for manufacturing into products and the cycle began again.

The Brutality of the African Slave Trade

• Once Europeans started to export slaves to the New World, the Atlantic slave trade devastated many African societies, particularly in West Africa.

• African cultures lost many of their young and more able members.

• Over a period of 400 years, the Atlantic Slave Trade drained Africa of at least 25 million people.

Copper Sun, by Sharon Draper, gives an unforgettable look at the African slave trade and slavery in America.

The Ivory Coast Africa

SettingAmari’s Homeland

• Sullivan’s Island, SC

Amari’s Destination

Sullivan’s Island, SC

Stop here and start reading in your books. Remember to complete your reading guides and turn them in on the due date.

By Monday read to page 72.

Coffle: A group of animals, prisoners, or slaves chained together in a line.

Slaver: A ship used for the purpose of transporting slaves to be sold

The Elmina Castle CAPE COAST CASTLE

This is where Amari and the other slaves are taken and kept before being loaded onto the ships.

The “Door of No Return”

Middle Passage• The slaves were placed on

ships and stuffed in the bottom of ships to take the long journey to the Americas.

• Many slaves were loaded seven to eight months before they departed waiting for other groups of slaves to be brought on board.

• For most slaves the journey took eight to twelve weeks.

• Some 3 to 5 million perished before they even reached the Americas.

Slave Ship InteriorAlexander Falconbridge a surgeon testified about the condition on the slavers:

"The men, on being brought aboard the ship, are immediately fastened together, two and two, by handcuffs on their wrists and by irons rivetted on their legs. They are then sent down between the deck. They are frequently stowed so close, as to admit of no other position than lying on their sides. Nor will the height between decks permit the indulgence of an erect posture."

A Slave Auction• Slaves were

moved and auctioned off in “Charles Town” South Carolina, known today as Charleston, South Carolina

Inspection and Sale of a slave

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_m_qXMpLFo

Slaves who tried to escape suffering the punishment described by the law then they were made to wear a heavy iron necklace with long stems, which had the function to hang in the brush and hamper any escape. In the same spirit, they existed in shackles bells, can hear every movement of the slave. The slave who dared to speak a bit to his master suffered the punishment of the Iron Mask. Similarly, during the harvest of sugarcane, were put in iron masks to hungry and thirsty slaves to prevent them from tasting or eating the cane.