incentives and case studies of mfa in industry
TRANSCRIPT
Incentives and case studies for MFA inIncentives and case studies for MFA in Resources and Environmental Management
Paul H BrunnerVienna University of Technology
Institute for Water Quality Resources and Waste Managementhtt i t i thttpwwwiwatuwienacat
PH Brunner 135Perm State University November 3 2009Perm State University November 3 2009
Content MFA methodology and cases studies
1 Vision and Motivation
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
3 Purpose of MFA (in particular for industry)p ( p y)
4 Examples and case studies of industrial applications
5 Conclusions
PH Brunner 235Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Vision and Motivation
S t i bl d l t SDbull Sustainable development SD
- long term environmental protection- bdquobestldquo resource use
bull How to measure and achieve SD
bull MFA = key method in the tool box for SD
bull The two aspects goods and substances- goods as economic units (quantity)- substances determining ecological and resource qualities- substances determining ecological and resource qualities
PH Brunner 335Perm State University November 3 2009
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
systems boundary
B
systems boundary
A CProcessA C
s + s
D
s
PH Brunner 435Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA definitions
bull Goods and substances
bull Processes and stocksbull Processes and stocks
bull Flows and fluxes
T f ffi i tbull Transfer coefficients
bull System and system boundaries
PH Brunner 535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Content MFA methodology and cases studies
1 Vision and Motivation
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
3 Purpose of MFA (in particular for industry)p ( p y)
4 Examples and case studies of industrial applications
5 Conclusions
PH Brunner 235Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Vision and Motivation
S t i bl d l t SDbull Sustainable development SD
- long term environmental protection- bdquobestldquo resource use
bull How to measure and achieve SD
bull MFA = key method in the tool box for SD
bull The two aspects goods and substances- goods as economic units (quantity)- substances determining ecological and resource qualities- substances determining ecological and resource qualities
PH Brunner 335Perm State University November 3 2009
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
systems boundary
B
systems boundary
A CProcessA C
s + s
D
s
PH Brunner 435Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA definitions
bull Goods and substances
bull Processes and stocksbull Processes and stocks
bull Flows and fluxes
T f ffi i tbull Transfer coefficients
bull System and system boundaries
PH Brunner 535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Vision and Motivation
S t i bl d l t SDbull Sustainable development SD
- long term environmental protection- bdquobestldquo resource use
bull How to measure and achieve SD
bull MFA = key method in the tool box for SD
bull The two aspects goods and substances- goods as economic units (quantity)- substances determining ecological and resource qualities- substances determining ecological and resource qualities
PH Brunner 335Perm State University November 3 2009
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
systems boundary
B
systems boundary
A CProcessA C
s + s
D
s
PH Brunner 435Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA definitions
bull Goods and substances
bull Processes and stocksbull Processes and stocks
bull Flows and fluxes
T f ffi i tbull Transfer coefficients
bull System and system boundaries
PH Brunner 535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
2 What is material flow analysis (MFA)
systems boundary
B
systems boundary
A CProcessA C
s + s
D
s
PH Brunner 435Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA definitions
bull Goods and substances
bull Processes and stocksbull Processes and stocks
bull Flows and fluxes
T f ffi i tbull Transfer coefficients
bull System and system boundaries
PH Brunner 535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA definitions
bull Goods and substances
bull Processes and stocksbull Processes and stocks
bull Flows and fluxes
T f ffi i tbull Transfer coefficients
bull System and system boundaries
PH Brunner 535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA bdquoregional phosphorous flows and stocksldquo
atmosphere
flow = 230 ta export = 170 ta
meat milk eggsphosphorous [ta]
stock 10000 + 70 ta
plantanimal feedstocki l
meat milk eggs
cerealsvegetables fruits
30
85
3
phosphorous [ta]
agr soil
plantcultivation
fertilicer
animals
10 000+68
24
13
45 100109
17
78
surface waterriver
surface water74
13
19
17
28
wwtplandfill
food
19
38
industryprivate hh
industrial productssewer
cleaners foodgt4017 17 21
gt61
38
PH Brunner 635Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Procedure to establish an MFA
Problem definition
ds
System definition
4 Selection of substances
1 Selection of processes
2 Selectionof goods
Adjustment
m erm
ine g
oo
d
em
Determination ofDetermination offl d t k e w
s
substances of goods
3 Determination of system boundaries
just
sys
tem
2
Red
ete
efi
ne
pro
bleDetermination of
mass flowsflows and stocks
mass
flo
ws
1
Refi
ne
mass
flo
w
Balancing of goods
Ad
Red
e
Determination ofconcentrations
Refi
ne
ntr
ati
on
s
2
Refi
ne
m
Interpretation d ill t ti
Balancingof substances 1
R
con
ce
PH Brunner 735Perm State University November 3 2009
and illustration
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Purpose of MFA
1 Analysis of material flow systems
2 Base for evaluation
3 Base for design and optimization of g p products processes and systemsand systems
PH Brunner 835Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Examples and case studies of MFA
1 Strategic level
2 Regional level
3 Enterprisecompany levelp p y
PH Brunner 935Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resources management P and N
[kg phosphorousca]
systems boundaries national boundary2000
4 1 04agriculturefood
processingprivate
household
3 06 04
agricultural lossesand wastes
food processingwastes
sewage and MSW
PH Brunner 1035Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Setting priorities for resource management by MFA
700
respirationtranspiration mass [kgca]
phosphorus [gca]
50
0
feces50100
450
humanbody
1700430 kitchen
food
urine
270
garbage sewageseweringsystem
100
40020
900390
40to MSW
treatment
to STP
PH Brunner 1135Perm State University November 3 2009
treatment
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Opportunities for industries
1 New technologies based on MFA No-mix toilets to recycle nutrients
2 Reconsider sewer as a nutrient collection system sewer gt wwtp gt sludge incineration gt ash extraction gt P reuse
PH Brunner 1235Perm State University November 3 2009
sewer -gt wwtp -gt sludge incineration -gt ash extraction -gt P-reuse
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
MFA for strategic resource management in the iron industry
34 1
11 708
08
primaryd ti waste
344consumpt
34
6 03 27
1
15
2p y
production production wastemagmnt44
15
4140
pedo- otherdisposal140
lithosphere
350
250
300 anthropogeniciron stock
344350
250
300 geogeniciron reserve
150
200
250
194150
200
250
140
2000 2050 21000
50
100
44
2000 2050 21000
50
100140
40 0
PH Brunner 1335Perm State University November 3 2009
2000 2050 21002000 2050 2100
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Energy from biomass
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom biomasssupply in phh from biomass
biomass as a fuel 7800 m2capita 85 kgca
biomass harvesttransport
pre-treatment
incine-ration
Heat-exchange turbine generator grid
PH Brunner 1435Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Solar energy utilization
solar energy electrons
sun -gt electron area used for total supply in phh
waste generatedfrom fuelsupply in phh from fuel
biomass as a fuel
h t lt i ll
7800 m2capita
80 2 it
85 kgcyear
0 k photovoltaic cells 80 m2capita 0 kgcyear
PV cell utilization
PH Brunner 1535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Monitoring waste composition by MFA
Offgas
MSW
FURNACE
BOILER
ESPBAGHOUSE WET SCRUBBER DENOX
MSW
Iron scrap H2O
WASTE WATERWaste waterBottom ash
Filter residue
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
Filter residue
WaterAlkaline waste waterAcidic waste water
Q elle SGP VA
Sludge cake
Acidic waste water
PH Brunner 1635Perm State University November 3 2009
Quelle SGP-VA
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Regional MFA of lead for EM and RM
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 1735Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Case study MFA of regional lead flows and stocks
landfill
60
flue gas
0
landfill+60
landfill
~600 +60
car manufacturer
car shredder330 270
60 iron product
iron smelter
~3
~0
270manufacturer shredderfilter dust
smelter 270
PH Brunner 1835Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Why bdquoMFA for industryldquo
ldquoIn the long term MFA will be successful only if it is applied in g y pp
business and industryrdquordquo
1 Direct economic benefit1 Direct economic benefit
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market
3 Leadership3 Leadership
4 Regulations
5 I k l d b5 Improve knowledge base
No incentive
MFA studies ldquoper serdquo without economic or problem solving purpose
PH Brunner 1935Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
1 Economic benefits MFA and greenhouse gas emission assessment
CO gt 20 euroCO gt 0 euroCO2 fossil -gt -20-euroCO2 biomass-gt -0-euro
PH Brunner 2035Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Concept of MFA based balance method
Material data of waste inputBiogenic matter C H O N S Cl
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
800
Fossil matter C H O N S Cl
Balance equations400
600
O2 foss t waste
plant
Balance equations
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
mI
c m + c m
mB + mF + mI + mw
= awaste
= 1
0
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kg CO
Revision
of
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
cB mB + cF mF
HVB mB + HVF mF -245mW
dO2-CO2 mB + dO2-CO2 mF
= cwaste
= HVwaste
= dO2-CO2waste
O2CB mB + O2
CF mF = O2
Cwaste
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
80
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 280
90
100
m ]
Line 1
Line 2
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
30
40
50
60
70
o o
f energ
y fr
om
enic
sourc
es
[
Operating data from WTE plantWaste input flue gas volume
CO2 O2 steam production0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
0
10
20
30
010707 010807 010907 011007
Rati
obio
ge
PH Brunner 2135Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Results (annual values)
sources of energysources of CO2 - emissions sources of energy
auxiliary fuels (f l il l )
sources of CO2 - emissions
100000
(fuel oil natural gas)08
biomass(paper )fossil fuels
(plastics)60 000
80000
issi
ons
sye
ar]
819 plusmn 39727 plusmn 31
465plusmn20(plastics)
527plusmn2040000
60000
CO
2-Em
i[k
ilo to
ns
529471
0
20000
bi if il biogenicfossil
PH Brunner 2235Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
2 Comparative advantage in a competitive market (VEFB)
PH Brunner 2335Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
3 Leadership cooperation of the steel mill
import 340 export 280
[ty]atmos-
stock ~ 1 000 + 60
16
forestsoil
agricultsoil
urbansoil
[ty]phere0506 05
riversurface water surface water
06
02
150+06 240+09 30+02
2
06005
STP
landfill
filter dust
~600+60
6003
014
sewer
consumer goods
used cars
house-hold industry
filter dust
7
09 6003
015 045 gt270
regional boundary
municipalsolid waste
56
gt330
PH Brunner 2435Perm State University November 3 2009
g y
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
4 Regulations MFA to cut costs from railway maintenance
PH Brunner 2535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
The problem high costs for landfilling spent gravel from RR
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2635Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
The method MFA of Cu in track ballast
PH Brunner 2735Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Result brake system and contact line as main anthropogenic sources
+1 9 k +1 8 k +19 kgy+18 kgy
PH Brunner 2835Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 2935Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Solution new material for brake pads contact line () and low Cu gravel
[mg
kg] Quality criteria
cont
ent [ landfill ordinance
Cu-
c recycling
geogenic Cu
time [t]
PH Brunner 3035Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of lead recycling
lead stocks in networks and buildings of Vienna
old pipespipes
50-100
water- and waste-water systems
L 10000-2000050-100
old pipes
0
pipes
nbL 50-500
old cables
0
in-house cables
nd
in-houseenergy- and
information grid
600-900
old cables
600-900
out-of-house cables out-of-houseenergy- and
information grid
bother networks
L 90000
old other networks
n b
othernetworks
nb
S stem Bo ndar ldquoViennardquo
L nb
nb
lead flows in Mgalead stocks in Mg
nb not determined
PH Brunner 3135Perm State University November 3 2009Soruce Moumlslinger J 1998 System Boundary ldquoViennardquo
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base
Issue Struggle between private and public waste management Who should collect wastes from industry business and tradecollect wastes from industry business and trade
Questions Where are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhere are additional potentials for waste collection and treatmentWhat is the ldquobestrdquo solution private or public
Proced reProcedure1 Assessment of waste amounts 2 MFA of various scenarios and 3 evaluation of scenarios
Solution1 Insufficient information to answer the question (-gtscenarios)2 Separate collection and treatment has advantages no matter if
public or private3 Amount in question relatively small (~ 20) when compared to rest
PH Brunner 3235Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
5 Improve knowledge base case of waste management
PH Brunner 3335Perm State University November 3 2009Laner et al 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009
Conclusions
Industry will apply MFA ifbull MFA is known to industrybull MFA is instrumental to solve relevant industrial problemsbull MFA is economic (benefit gt cost)bull MFA is mandated by lawy
Strategy to promote MFA in industryId if k i d i d l MFA f bl l ibull Identify key industries and apply MFA for problem solving
bull Make economically successful MFA results known to industrybull Educate engineers and practitioners in MFA methodologybull Standardize MFA as an instrument for RM WM and EMbull Incorporate MFA into selected legislation (EIA SEIA)bull Incorporate MFA in national planning (RM WM EM)p p g ( )
-gt framework for industrial activities
PH Brunner 3435Perm State University November 3 2009
Th kThank you
PH Brunner 3535Perm State University November 3 2009