INCO member 7: Institute for Marine Aquaculture and now is the College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Vietnam:

Nguyen Van Hoa, PhDNguyen Thi Hong Van, DrsNguyen Thi Ngoc Anh, DrsHuynh Thanh Toi, Msc

Collaboration with Partner 1 (ARC) and Partner 3 (AUTH) for studying an adaptation of Artemia SFB in Vinh chau in the framework of 2 PhD programs (NV Hoa and NT Hong Van)

Collaboration with Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California (Davis), (Prof. James S. Clegg) and the Lab of Plant Genetics-Breeding-Applied Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Cantho University

VINH CHAU LOCATION AND ITS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

SE Asia :monsoon climate

VINH CHAU

Total rainfall in Soc Trang province

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

ST MT KS DN LP VC MT

Tota

l rain

fall (

mm

)

2001 2002 2003

Variation of air temperature betw een Soc Trang and Bac Lieu during 1990 to 1995

20

25

30

35

40

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

Max ST Max BL min ST min BL

Variation of rain-fall betw een Soc Trang and Bac Lieu during 1990 to 1995

0

100

200

300

400

500

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rain

-fal

l (m

m/m

onth

)

Soc Trang Bac Lieu

Summer et al., (1914) reported the mean annual temperature of San Francisco Bay to be 12.9 °C. The annual mean of the ponds is 21.8 °C in mid-afternoon

ARTEMIA SFB/VCARTEMIA SFB/VC

Artemia adults Artemia pond culture (1,5’)

INCO member 7

ADAPTATION OF ARTEMIA FRANCISCANA TO THE NATURAL CONDITIONS IN THE MEKONG DELTA COINCIDES WITH DISTINCTIVE CHANGES IN SDS-PAGE PROFILE

Nguyen Van Hoa1 and Vo Cong Thanh2

1 College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University2 Lab of Plant Genetics-Breeding-Applied Biotechnology,

College of Agriculture, Cantho University

IntroductionDifferentiation between SFB and VC has been recently studied

1. Clegg, J.S., Hoa, N.V., Sorgeloos, P., 2000. Thermal tolerance and heat shock proteins in Artemia cysts from widely different thermal habitats. Hydrobiologia, in press

2. Clegg, J.S., Jackson, S.A.., Hoa, N.V., Sorgeloos, P., 2000 Comparison of thermal resistance, developmental rate and heat shock proteins in brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, from San Francisco Bay and southern Vietnam

3. Kappas, I., 2001. Microevolution and genetic differentiation in the brine shrimp Artemia. Ph.D. thesis, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Swansea, UK.

4. Nguyen Van Hoa, 2002. Seasonal farming of brine shrimp artemiafranciscana in artisanal salt ponds in Vietnam. Ph.D thesis, University of Ghent, Belgium

ADAPTATION OF ARTEMIA FRANCISCANA TO VINH CHAU ENVIRONMENT BASED ON GENETIC

CHARACTERIZATION OF P26 GENE AND FATTY ACID PROFILES

Difference on thermo-tolerance of Vinh Chau (VC) strain and the original strain (SFB) was demonstrated in some previous studies Hypotheses:1. Genetic differentiation: HSP genes2. Fatty acid profiles: The length of the fatty acids and the degree of

their saturation

+ Growth at low temperature: longer and unsaturated fatty acid+ Growth at high temperature: shorter and more saturated fatty acid

THERMO-TOLERANCE

Collaborate with the PhD program of Mrs. Nguyen Thi Hong Van (CAF, CTU) In the ARC (RUG, Ghent) and AUTH.

Material and method

Cyst materials

Table 1: Strains studied (cyst samples), abbreviation’s ARC1 code, collection dates.

Strain Abbreviation ARC code number

Date of collection

A. franciscana

Vinh Chau

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

SFB

VC

Y1

Y2

Y3 and Y4

12582003

SARDI2 control

1330

1333

19932003

1993

1996

1997

1998

1 Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.2 SARDI: Shrimp and Artemia Research and Development Institute, University of Can Tho, Can Tho, Viet Nam.

Methodology

•SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis)

•Phylogenetic trees were built by using densitometer (AMERSHAM, Pharmacia Biotech, Image master version 1.0 and database version 2.01, 2001) at Advanced Research Center, Cantho University.

Results

MW (band order)82 KDa (6)74 (7)

55 (8)51 (9)

33 (10)29.3 (11)26.5 (12)21.5 (13)20.2 (14)17.7 (16)16.0 (17)

96 KDa

67

43

30

20.1

14.4

Fig.1 A protein profile of Artemia franciscana (nauplii). Lanes 1-4: SFB, lane 5: Protein marker, lanes 6-10: VC.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Table 1: Comparison between two samples Artemia SFB and VC.

Proteins Name of sampleOrder SFB VC

1 > 96 kDa Present Present2 Present Present3 Present No4 1 band 2 bands5 Present Absent6 82.8 kDa Present Present7 74.9 Present Absent8 55.4 Present Present9 51.8 Present Present10 33.5 Present Present11 29.2 Present Present12 26.4 Present Absent 13 21.5 Present No 14 20.2 No Present

15 18.2 Present No16 17.7 No Present

17 16.0 Absent Present

Clegg et al., 2000

MW (band order)82 KDa (6)74 (7)

55 (8)51 (9)

33 (10)29.3 (11)26.5 (12)21.5 (13)20.2 (14)17.7 (16)16.0 (17)

96 KDa

67

43

30

20.1

14.4

Fig.1 A protein profile of Artemia franciscana (nauplii). Lanes 1-4: SFB, lane 5: Protein marker, lanes 6-10: VC.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Fig. 2. Coomassie-stained proteins in San Francisco Bay cysts (S) and cysts produced in Vietnam (V), and in first generation adults cultured from them in the laboratory (part A) :hsp70 proteins, p26 (asterisk) and artemin(arrow).

Fig. 2 A phylogenetic tree of Artemia SFB (lanes 1-4) and VC (lanes 6-10).

SFB

VC

Fig.3 A protein profile of cysts submerged in water after 2 hoursLanes 1-2: SFB1258, 3-4: Y1; 5-6: Y2, 7-8: Y3, 9-10: Y4.

SFB

Y1

Y4

Y3Y3

Y2

Fig 4. Cysts submerged in water after 2 hours.Lanes1-3: SFB2003, lanes4-6: SFB1258; lanes 7-10: VC

SFB 2003

SFB 1258

VC

Attention Attention

introduced Artemia species, natural

conditions, selection, adaptation, mutation, etc.

What we have?

Better survival, higher reproduction, good quality of cysts etc

Phenotype, genotype, etc. and appropriate methodologies (standardized protocol)

What need to know?

To select the right strain for a new site; to fill the need of aquaculture; its ability to clean- up the environment (bio-filter system)

Why need to know?

Acknowledgement

This work has been supported by VLIR-IUC project through providing cyst materials and by INCO Project (ICA4-CT-2001-10020).

Thanks for your attention

and

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