INDESO - KKP

Utilization of Radar data for Maritime Surveillance

INDESO Project

INDESO RADAR GROUND STATION

RADARSAT-2 AND COSMO-SKYMED

BALI

DENDY MAHABRORMARINE RESEARCH CENTER

INDESO - KKP

processing center

satelite radar

INDESOsatelit VMS

SISWASMAS

alat komunikasi

vessel monitoring system (VMS)

pusat kendali

radar pantai

CDB

kapal patroli

INDESO - KKP

Maritime Surveillance

Source: e-geos Telezpazio

INDESO - KKP

Maritime Radar Application

Why use radar satellite data?

• Wide areas monitoring in short time (Approx 2-3 hours)

• All weather conditions

• No geographical limits

• Operational cost reduction

Source: Italian Space Agency

INDESO - KKP

Satellite Technology

Optical Satellite Data Radar Satellite Data

OPTICAL • See colors• See shadows• See Surfaces

SAR • Perceive roughness/smoothness • Perceive wetness/dryness• Touch corners

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a radar form used to create two or three dimensional images of objects and as a complement to the capabilities of photographic imaging and other optical imaging because it is not limited by daylight or atmospheric conditions and because of the unique Response of terrain and cultural targets against the radar frequency.

INDESO - KKP

• Considerations about orbits and revisit (pros and cons of Sun Synchronous)

• Same/different orbit plans

All Weather / All Time Operations

INDESO - KKP

Electro-Optical vs SAR

• reflected sunlight - emits own radiation

• visible/infrared - microwave

• many channels - one channel

• NO Phase information - phase information (coherentdetection)

• close to Nadir - slant view

• day time - day/night

• blocked by clouds - cloud penetrating

Comparison of Optical and SAR Sensor

INDESO - KKP

Main Application (INDESO Project)

Ground Station

Satellite Data Processing Main Application

IUU Fishing and Oil Spill

INDESO - KKP

• Hosts the INDESO Core System and operational team

• Located in Perancak, Bali Island

Operational center in Jembrana - Bali

INDESO - KKP

RADARSAT-2 Partners

INDESO - KKP

INDESO - KKP

VMS

>30GT >300GT

Radarsat-2 (Canada)

Cosmo SkyMed(Italy)

Sat-AIS

RADAR OPERATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Online-realtime

Online-realtime

real

tim

e

Broadcast

Illegal Fishing Oil Spill

INDESO Daily Operation (Oct 2014 – June 2017)

INDESO - KKP

INDESO - KKP

Reflected signal from ships (bright) and backscattering (dark) from the sea surface

Reflection from objects at the sea surface

INDESO - KKP

The Effect of The Incidence Angle

INDESO - KKP

Radar Image Processing

Natuna (Widefine Beam Mode)

Natuna (Extended Beam Mode)

Sulawesi (Extended Beam Mode)

Vessel Fishing (Non-Transmitter)Vessel Fishing (Transmitter)Other Vessel

INDESO - KKP

Echo non-transmitter

INDESO - KKP

Echo non-transmitter

Echo transmitter (VMS)

Echo transmitter (AIS)

INDESO - KKP

Area of Interest

VMS VMS

VMS

INDESO - KKP

Percentage Echo Transmitter 2015

Density of Fishing Vessel

INDESO - KKP

Percentage Echo Transmitter 2016

Density of Fishing Vessel

Coordinates china coastguard Coordinates Vietnam coastguard

INDESO - KKP

Target Operation

INDESO - KKP

4 Fishing Vessel Philippines1 Fishing Vessel Vietnam102 crews of fishing vessel

8 Fishing Vessel Philippines 4 Malaysia Fishing Vessels

3 Vietnam Fishing Vessels

8 Vietnam Fishing Vessels 3 Fishing Vessel Philippines

Feedback

INDESO - KKP

Oil Spill Visibility by SAR

Optimal wind conditions for oil detection by SAR:

Oil spill is detected by SAR as a dark area in contrast to the clean sea surface that is brighter.

However, for wind < 2 m/s:background scattering is very low and most of the contrast between clean sea and oil is lost;

for wind > 14 m/s:contrast is lost because (i) at the surface there’s a mixture of sea water and oil,and (ii) with strong winds capillary waves form also for the sea water/oilmixture.

Wind speed range for oil spill detection is 2 - 14 m/s.The optimal wind speed range is 3 - 6 m/s

INDESO - KKP

Natuna, 22 Oktober 2016

1. There are oil spills from discharge a vessel : length of oil is 38 km

2. The suspect vessel is Prosperity Tanker (Bakamla, 2016)

OIL SPILL DETECTION

INDESO - KKP

Oil Spill Detection in Malacca Strait

INDESO - KKP

Oil Spill Detection in Natuna Sea

Indonesia

INDESO - KKP

Oil Spill in Indonesian Waters

Total Area of Oil Spill 2408,26 Km2

INDESO - KKP

T H A N K Y O UT E R I M A K A S I H