INDEX OF AUTHORS

Abbott, N.Joan, Moreton, R. B. andPichon, Y.Electrophysiological analysis of potassiumand sodium movements in crustaceannervous system 85

Aidley, Jessicajil S. See MILLER, AIDLEY andKlTCHINC

Angaut-Petit, D. See VBDEL, ANCAUT-PETIT andCLARAC

Bartholomew, George A. and Epting, Robert,J. Allometry of post-flight cooling rates inmoths: a comparison with vertebrate homeo-therms 603

Bennet-Clark, H. C. The energetics of the jumpof the locust Schistoeerca gregaria 53

Blaney, W. M. and Duckett, A. M. The signifi-cance of palpation by the maxillary palps ofLocus ta migratoria (L.): an electrophysio-logical and behavioural study 701

Bradley, T. J. and Phillips, J. E. The secretionof hyperosmotic fluid by the rectum of asaline-water mosquito larva, Aedet taenio-rhynchus 331

Brown, J. Anne. See GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN

Burggren, Warren W. A quantitative analysis ofventilation tachycardia and its control in twochelonians Pseudemyt scripta and Tettudograeca 367

Burrows, Malcolm. Co-ordinating interneuronesof the locust which convey two patterns ofmotor commands: their connexions withflight motoneurones 713

— Co-ordinating interneurones of the locustwhich convey two patterns of motor com-mands: their connexions with ventilatorymotoneurones 735

Butler, P. J. and Taylor, E. W. The effect ofprogressive hypoxia on respiration in the dog-fish (Scyliorhimu camcula) at differentseasonal temperatures 117

Camhi, Jeffrey M. See WBSTIN and CAMHICarrick, T. R. See SUTCXLFFE, CARRICK and

MOORB; SUTCLIFFE and CARRICKClarac, F. See VBDEL, ANGAUT-PETIT and CLARACClaridge, P. N. and Potter, I. C. Oxygen con-

sumption, ventilatory frequency and heartrate of lampreys (Lampetra fluviatiUs) duringtheir spawning run 193

Cooke, Ian M. and Hartline, Daniel K. Neuro-hormonal alteration of integrative propertiesof the cardiac ganglion of the lobsterHomanu americanus 33

Renzis, G. The branchial chloride pump inthe goldfish Caratthu auratus: relationship

between Cl'/HCo," and Cl-/Cl-exchangesand the effect of thiocyanate 587

Duckett, A. M. See BLANEY and DUCKETT

Epting, Robert J. See BARTHOLOMEW andEPTING

Gardiner, B. O. C. See MADDRELL and GARDINERGarland, H. O., Henderson, L W. and Brown,

J. Anne. Micropuncture study of the renalresponses of the urodele amphibian Necturusmaculosus to injections of arginine vasotocinand an anti-aldosterone compound 249

Gee, J. D. Diuresis in the tsetse fly Glossmaausteni 381

— The control of diuresis in the tsetse flyGlostma austeni: a preliminary investigationof the diuretic hormone 391

Hartline, Daniel K. See COOKE and HARTLINEHarvey, William R., Wood, John L., Quatrale,

Richard P. and Jungreis, Arthur M.Cation distributions across the larval andpupal midgut of the lepidopteran, Hyalophoracecropia, in vivo 321

— See also WOOD and HARVEY; WOOD, JUNGREISand HARVEY

Henderson, L W. See GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN

Holeton, George F. and Jones, David R. Waterflow dynamics in the respiratory tract of thecarp (Cyprinus carpio L.) 537

Howes, E. A. See SATTBLLE and HOWESHuddart, H. and Syson, A. J. The effect of

caffeine on calcium efflux and calcium trans-location in skeletal and visceral muscle 131

Jen, P. H.-S. See SUGA, SIMMONS and JENJohansen, K. See MANGUM and JOHANSENJones, David R. See HOLETON and JONESJungreis, Arthur M. See HARVEY WOOD,

QUATRALE and JUNGREIS; WOOD, JUNGREIS

and HARVEY

Kate, U. NaCl adaptation in Rana ridibunda and acomparison with the euryhaline toad Bujoviridis 763

Hitching, J. A. See MILLER, AIDLEY and KITCHINGKnowles, G. The removal of sulphate by the ex-

cretory apparatus of the blowfly Calliphoravomitoria 237

Krasne, Franklin B. and Wine, Jeffrey J. Ex-trinsic modulation of crayfish escape be-haviour 433

Lanchester, Betty S. and Mark, R. F. Pursuitand prediction in the tracking of moving foodby a teleost fish (Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus)

6a7

814 Index of AuthorsLawn, L D. An electrophysiological analysis of

chemoreception in the sea anemone Tealiafelina 525

McFarlane, L D. Control of mouth opening andpharynx protrusion during feeding in the seaanemone Calliactis parasitica 615

MaddrelL S. H. P. and Gardiner, B. O. C. In-duction of transport of organic anions inMalpighian tubules of Rhodnius 755

Mangum, C. P. and Johansen, K. The colloidosmotic pressures of invertebrate body fluids

661Mark, R. F. See LANCHESTER and MARK

Miller, Jennifer B., Aidley, Jessicajil S. andHitching, J. A. Effects of helium and otherinert gases on Echmosphaerium nucleofilum(Protozoa, Heliozoa) 467

Moore, W. H. See SUTCLJFFB, CARRICK and

MOORE

Moreton, R. B. See ABBOTT, MORBTON and

PICHON

Nyholm, Keijo. See SOIVIO, NYHOLM andWESTMAN

Oduleye, S. O. The effects of calcium on waterbalance of the brown trout Salmo trutta 343

— The effect of hypophysectomy and prolactintherapy on water balance of the brown troutSalmo trutta 357

Pennycuick, C. J. On the running of the gnu(Cormochaetes taurinui) and other animals

775Phillips, David W. Localization and electrical

activity of the distance chemoreceptors thatmediate predator avoidance behaviour inAcmaea limatula and Acmaea scutum (Gastro-poda, Prosobranchia) 403

Phillips, J. E. See BRADLEY and PHILLIPS

Pichon, Y. See ABBOTT, MORETON and PICHON

Popper, Arthur N. See RENAUD and POPPERPotter, I. C. See CLARIDGE and POTTER

Quatrale, Richard P. See HARVEY, WOOD,QUATRALE and JUNGREIS

Renaud, Donna L. and Popper, Arthur N.Sound localization by the bottlenose por-poise Tursiops truncatus 569

Robertson, H. A. The innervation of the salivarygland of the moth, Manduca texta: evidencethat dopamine is the transmitter 413

Sattelle, D. B. and Howes, E. A. The perme-ability to ions of the neural lamella and theextracellular spaces in the C.N.S. oiAnodontacygnea 421

Simmons, J. A, See SUGA, SIMMONS and JENSnow, Peter J. Patterns of activity in the anten-

nular motoneurones of the hermit crabPagurus alaskemii (Benedict)

— Central patterning and reflex control of an-tennular flicking in the hermit crab Pagurusalaskensis (Benedict) 17

Soivio, Antti, Nyholm, Keijo and Westman,Kai. A technique for repeated sampling ofthe blood of individual resting fish 207

Stoffolano, John G., Jr. Central control of feedingin the diapausing adult blowfly Phormiaregina 265

Suga, N., Simmons, J. A. and Jen., P. H.-S.Peripheral specialization for fine analysis ofDoppler-8hifted echoes in the auditorysystem of the 'CF-FM' bat Pteronotutparnellii 161

Sutcliffe, D. W. and Carrick, T. R. Respirationin relation to ion uptake in the crayfishAtutropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet)

689Sutcliffe, D. W., Carrick, T. R. and Moore,

W. H. An automatic respirometer for deter-mining oxygen uptake in crayfish (Austro-potamobius pallipes (Lereboullet) over periodsof 3-4 days 673

Syson, A. J. See HUDDART and SYSON

Taylor, E. W. See BUTLER and TAYLORThomas, M. V. and Treherne, J. E. An electro-

physiological analysis of extra-axonal sodiumand potassium concentrations in the centralnervous system of the cockroach (Periplanetaamericana L.) 801

Thomas, Steven P. Metabolism during flight intwo species of bats, Phyllostomus hastatut andPteropus gouldii 273

Toulmond, Andre. Blood oxygen transport andmetabolism of the confined lugwormArenicola marina (L.) 647

Treherne, J. E. See THOMAS and TREHERNETreherne, J. E. and Willmer, P. G. Hormonal

control of integumentary water-loss: evi-dence for a novel neuroendocrine system inan insect (Periplaneta americana) 143

VedeL, J. P., Angaut-Petit, D. and Clarac, F.Reflex modulation of motoneurone activity inthe cheliped of the crayfish Astacus lepto-dactylus 551

Webb, P. W. Acceleration performance of rain-bow trout Salmo gairdneri and green sunfishLepomis cyanelhu 451

Westin, Joanne and Camhi, Jeffrey, M. Re-generation of peripheral nerves to super-numerary legs in cockroaches 483

— Motor innervation within supernumerary legsof cockroaches 497

Westman, Kai. See SOIVIO, NYHOLM andWESTMAN

Wilkens, J. L. and Young, R. E. Patterns andbilateral coordination of scaphognathiterhythms in the lobster Homarus americanus

1 Willmer, P. G. Set TREHERNB and WILLMER

Index of AuthorsWine, Jeffrey J. KRASNE and WINEWood, Chris M. and Shelton, Graham.

Physical and adrenergic factors affectingsystemic vascular resistance in the rainbowtrout: a comparison with branchial vascularresistance 505

Wood, John L. and Harvey, William R.Active transport of potassium by thececropia mid gut; tracer kinetic theory andtransport pool size 301

Wood, John L., Jungreis, Arthur M. andHarvey, William R. Active transport ofmagnesium across the isolated midgut ofHyalophora ctcropia 313

Young, R. E. See WILKKNS and YOUNG

Zerahn, Karl. Potassium exchange betweenbathing solution and midgut of Hyalophoracecropia and time delay for potassium fluxthrough the midgut 295

8i6

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus :Pursuit and prediction in the tracking ofmoving food by a teleost fish (LANCHESTERand MARK) 627

Acceleration performance:Of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and greensunfish Lepomis cyanellus (WEBB) 451

Acmaea limatula:Localization and electrical activity of thedistance chemoreceptors that mediate pre-dator avoidance behaviour in, and Acmaeascutum (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) (PHIL-LIPS) 403

Acmaea scutum:Localization and electrical activity of thedistance chemoreceptors that mediate pre-dator avoidance behaviour in Acmaealimatula and (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)(PHILLIPS) 403

Aedes taeniorhynchus:The secretion of hyperosmotic fluid by therectum of a saline-water mosquito larva(BRADLEY and PHILLIPS) 331

Allometry:Of post-flight cooling rates in moths: a com-parison with vertebrate homeotherms (BAR-THOLOMEW and EPTING) 603

Anions:Induction of transport of organic, in Mal-pighian tubules of Rhodnius (MADDRELL andGARDINER) 755

Anodonta cygnea (L.):The permeability to ions of the neural lamellaand the extracellular spaces in the C.N.S. of(SATTELLE and HOWES) 421

Anti-aldosterone compound:Micropuncture study of the renal responsesof the urodele amphibian Necturus maculosusto injections of arginine vasotocin and an(GARLAND, HENDERSON and BROWN) 249

Arginine vasotocin:Micropuncture study of the renal responsesof the urodele amphibian Necturus maculosusto injections of, and an anti-aldosteronecompound (GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN) 249

Astacus leptodactylus:See Crayfish

Auditory system:Peripheral specialization for fine analysis ofDoppler-shifted echoes in the, of the'CF-FM' bat Pteronotus parneUii (SUGA,SIMMONS and JEN) 16 J

Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet):See Crayfish

Bat:See Pteronotus parneUii, Phyllostomus hastatusand Pteropus gouldii

Bathing solution:Potassium exchange between, and midgut ofHyalophora cecropia and time delay for potas-sium flux through the midgut (ZERAHN) 295

Blood:A technique for repeated sampling of the, ofindividual resting fish (SOIVIO, NYHOLM andWESTMAN) 207

Blowfly:See Calliphora vomitoria and Phormia regina

Body fluids:The colloid osmotic pressures of invertebrate(MANGUM and JOHANSBN) 661

Bottlenose porpoise:See Tursiops truncatus

Branchial chloride pump:In the goldfish Carassius auratus: relationshipbetween Cl'/HCO," and C1-/C1" exchangesand the effect of thiocyanate (DE RBNZIS) 587

Branchial vascular resistance:Physical and adrenergic factors afFectingsystemic vascular resistance in the rainbowtrout: a comparison with (WOOD andSHELTON) 505

Brown trout:See Salmo trutta

Bufo viridis :NaCl adaptation in Rana ridibunda and a com-parison with the euryhaline toad (KATZ) 763

Caffeine:The effect of, on calcium efflux and calciumtranslocation in skeletal and visceral muscle(HUDDART and SYSON) 131

Calcium:The effect of caffeine on, efflux and, translo-cation in skeletal and visceral muscle (HUD-DART and SYSON) 131

— The effects of, on water balance of the browntrout Salmo trutta (ODULEYB) 343

Calliactis parasitic a :Control of mouth opening and pharynx pro-trusion during feeding in the sea anemone(MCFARLANE) 61 S

Carassius auratus:The branchial chloride pump in the goldfish:relationship between Cl'/HCO," and Cl"/Cl~ exchanges and the effect of thiocyanate(DE RENZIS) 587

Cardiac ganglion:Neurohormonal alteration of the integrativeproperties of the, of the lobster Homarusamericanus (COOKE and HARTLINB) 33

Carp:See Cyprinus carpio L.

Cation distributions:Across the larval and pupal midgut of thelepidopteran, Hyalophora cecropia, in vivo(HARVEY, WOOD, QUATRALE and JUNGREIS)

Index of Subjects 817Cecropia:

Active transport of potassium by the, midgut;tracer kinetic theory and transport pool size(WOOD and HARVEY) 301

Central nervous system:The permeability to ions of the neurallamella and the extracellular spaces in the, ofAnodonta cygnea (SATTELLE and HOWES)

421— An electrophysiological analysis of extra-

axonal sodium and potassium concentrationsin the, of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana)(THOMAS and TREHERNE) 801

• CF-FM' bat:Peripheral specialization for fine analysis ofDoppler-shifted echoes in the auditoryrystem of the, Pteronotus parnellii (SUGA,SIMMONS and JEN) 161

Cheliped:Reflex modulation of motoneurone activityin the, of the crayfish Astacus Uptodactylus(VEDEL, ANCAUT-PETIT and CLARAC) 551

Chemoreception:An electrophysiological analysis of, in the seaanemone Tealiafelina (LAWN) 525

Chemoreceptors:Localization and electrical activity of thedistance, that mediate predator avoidancebehaviour in Acmaea limatula and Acmaeascutum (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) (PHIL-LIPS) 403

Cockroaches:Regeneration of peripheral nerves to super-numerary legs in (WEBTTN and CAMHI) 483

•— Motor innervation within supernumerary legsof (WESTIN and CAMHI) 497See also Periplaneta americana L.

Colloid osmotic pressures:Of invertebrate body fluids (MANGUM andJOHANSEN) 661

Connochaetas taurinus:On the running of the gnu, and otheranimals (PENNYCUICK) 775

Cooling rates:Allometry of post-flight, in moths: a compari-son with vertebrate homeotherms (BARTHO-LOMEW and EPTING) 603

Crayfish:Extrinsic modulation of, escape behaviour(KRASNE and WINE) 433

— Reflex modulation of motoneurone activity inthe cheliped of the, Astacus Uptodactylus(VEDEL, ANCAUT-PETIT and CLARAC) 551

— An automatic respirometer for determiningoxygen uptake in (Austropotamobius pallipes(Lereboullet)) over periods of 3-4 days(SUTCLIFFB, CARRICK and MOORE) 673

Crustacean nervous system:Electrophysiological analysis of potassiumand sodium movements in (ABBOTT, MORE-TON and PICHON) 85

Cyprinus carpio L.:Water flow dynamics in the respiratory tractbf the carp (HOLETON and JONES) 537

Diuresis:In the tsetse fly Glossina austeni (GEE) 381

— The control of, in the tsetse fly Glossina austeni:a preliminary investigation of the diuretichormone (GEE) 391

Dogfish:See Scyliorhinus canicula

Dopamine:The innervation of the salivary gland of themoth, Manduca sexta: evidence that, is thetransmitter (ROBERTSON) 413

Doppler-shifted echoes:Peripheral specialization for fine analysis of,in the auditory system of the 'CF-FM' batPteronotus parnellii (SUGA, SIMMONS andJEN) 161

Echinosphaerium nucleofilum:Effects of helium and other inert gases on(Protozoa, Heliozoa) (MILLER, AIDLEY andKITCHING) 467

Energetics:The, of the jump of the locust, Schistocercagregaria (BENNET-CLARK) 53

Escape behaviour:Extrinsic modulation of crayfish (KRASNEand WINE) 433

Excretory apparatus:The removal of sulphate by the, of the blow-fly Caliiphora vomitoria (KNOWLES) 237

Extra-axonal sodium and potassium:An electrophysiological analysis of, concen-trations in the central nervous system of thecockroach (Periplaneta americana L.) (THO-MAS and TRBHERNE) 801

Extrinsic modulation:Of crayfish escape behaviour (KRASNE andWINE) 433

Feeding:Central control of, in the diapausing adultblowfly Phormia regina (STOFFOLANO)

265Fish:

A technique for repeated sampling of theblood of individual resting (Sorvio, NYHOLMand WESTMAN) 207

Flicking:Central patterning and reflex control ofantennular, in the hermit crab Pagurusalaskeniis (Benedict) (SNOW) 17

Flight:Metabolism during, in two species of bats,Phyllostomus hastatus and Pteropus gouldii(THOMAS) 273

Flight motoneurones:Co-ordinating interneurones of the locustwhich convey two patterns of motor com-mands: their connexions with (BURROWS)

7i3Ganglion:

Neurohormonal alteration of integrative pro-perties of the cardiac, of the lobster Homarusamericanus (COOKE and HARTLINE) 33

8i8Glosaina austeni:

Diuresis in the tsetse fly (GEE) 381Gnu:

See Coimochaetes taurmusGoldfish:

See Carassius auraiusGreen sunfish:

See Lepomii cyanelhu

Helium:Effects of, and other inert gases on Echino-tphaerium nucleofilum (Protozoa, Heliozoa)(MILLER, AIDLEY and KITCHING) 467

Hermit crab:See Pagurus alaskensis

Homarus amaricanus:Neurohormonal alteration of integrativeproperties of the cardiac ganglion of thelobster (COOKE and HARTLINE) 33

Homeo therms:Allometry of post-flight cooling rates inmoths: a comparison with vertebrate (BAR-THOLOMEW and EPTINO) 603

Hyalophora cecropia:Potassium exchange between bathing solu-tion and midgut of, and time delay forpotassium flux through the midgut (ZERAHN)

295— Active transport of magnesium across the

isolated midgut of (WOOD, JUNGREIS andHARVEY) 313

— Cation distributions across the larval and pupalmidgut of the lepidopteran, m vivo (HARVEY,WOOD, QUATRALE and JUNGREIS) 331

Hyperosmotic fluid:The secretion of, by the rectum of a saline-water mosquito larva, Aedes taemorhynchus(BRADLEY and PHILLIPS) 331

Hypoph ysectomy:The effect of, and prolactin therapy onwater balance of the brown trout (ODULEYE)

357Hypoxia:

The effect of progressive, on respiration inthe dogfish (Scyliorhinus caninilo) at differentseasonal temperatures (BUTLER and TAYLOR)

117Inert gases:

Effects of helium and other, on Eckmo-tphaerium nucleofilum (Protozoa, Heliozoa)(MILLER, AIDLEY and KITCHING) 467

Insect:Hormonal control of integumentary water-loss: evidence for a novel neuroendocrinesystem in an (Periplaneta americana) 143

Interneurones:Co-ordinating, of the locust which conveytwo patterns of motor commands: their con-nexions with flight motoneurones (BURROWS)

7i3— Co-ordinating, of the locust which convey two

patterns of motor commands: their connexionswith ventilatory motoneurones (BURROWB)

735

Index of SubjectsIon uptake:

Respiration in relation to, in the crayfishAustTopotamobiut pallipet (Lereboullet) (SUT-CLIFFE and CARRICK) 689

Ions:The permeability to, of the neural lamellaand the extracellular spaces in the C.N.S. ofAnodonta cygnea (SATTELLE and HOWES)

421

Jump:The energetics of the, of the locust Schisto-cerca gregaria (BENNBT-CLARK) 53

Lampetra fluviatilis:Oxygen consumption, ventilatory frequencyand heart rate of lampreys, during theirspawning run (CLARIDGE and POTTER) 193

Lampreys:See Lampetra fluviatilis

Legs:Regeneration of peripheral nerves to super-numerary, in cockroaches (WESTIN andCAMHI) 483

— Motor innervatJon within supernumerary, ofcockroaches (WESTIN and CAMHI) 497

Lopomis cyanellut:Acceleration performance of rainbow troutSalmo gairdneri and green sunfish (WEBB)

45iLobster:

See Homarus americanusLocust:

Co-ordinating intemeurones of the, whichconvey two patterns of motor commands:their connexions with flight motoneurones(BURROWS) 713

— Co-ordinating interneurones of the, whichconvey two patterns of motor commands:their connexions with ventilatory moto-neuronea (BURROWS) 735See also Locusta migratoria; Schistocercagregaria

Locusta migratoria (L.):The significance of palpation by the maxillarypalps of, an electrophysiological and be-havioural study (BLANBY and DUCKETT)

701

Magnesium:Active transport of, across the isolated mid-gut of Hyalophora cecropia (WOOD, JUNGRKISand HARVEY) 313

Malpighian tubules:Induction of transport of organic anions in,of Rhodmut (MADDRKLL and GARDINER) 755

Manduca sexta:The innervation of the salivary gland of themoth: evidence that dopamine is the trans-mitter (ROBERTSON) 413

Metabolism:During flight in two species of bats, Phyllo-ttomus hastatus and Pteropus goul

Index of Subjects 819Micropuncture:

Study of the renal responses of the urodeleamphibian Necturus maculotut to injections ofarginine vagotocin and an anti-aldosteronecompound (GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN) 249

Midgut:Potassium exchange between bathing solu-tion and, of Hyalophora cecropia and timedelay for potassium flux through the (ZERAHN)

295— Active transport of potassium by the Cecropia;

tracer kinetic theory and transport pool size(WOOD and HAHVEY) 301

— Active transport of magnesium across theisolated, of Hyalophora cecropia (WOOD,JUNCREIS and HARVEY) 313

— Cation distributions across the larval and pupal,of the lepidopteran, m vivo (HARVEY, WOOD,QUATRALE and JUNCREIS) 321

Mosquito:See Aedes taeniorhynchut

Moths:Allometry of post-flight cooling rates inmoths: a comparison with vertebrate homeo-therms (BARTHOLOMEW and EPTING) 603

Motoneurone activity:Reflex modulation of, in the cheliped of thecrayfish Astacus leptodactylus (VEDEL, A N -CAUT-PBTIT and CLARAC) 551

Motoneurones:Pattern of activity in the antennular, of thehermit crab Pagurus alaskensis (BENEDICT) I

Motor commands:Co-ordinating interneurones of the locustwhich convey two patterns of: their con-nexions with flight motoneurones (BURROWS)

7J3— Co-ordinating interneurones of the locust

which convey two patterns of: their con-nexions with ventilatory motoneurones (BUR-ROWS) 735

Motor innervation:Within supernumerary legs of cockroaches(WESTIN and CAMHI) 497

Mouth opening:Control of, and pharynx protrusion duringfeeding in the sea anemone Calliactii para-titica (MCFARLANE) 615

Muscle:The effect of caffeine on calcium efflux andcalcium translocation in skeletal and visceral(HUDDART and SYSON) 131

NaCl:Adaptation in Rana ridibunda and a compari-son with the euryhaline toad Bufo viridis(KATZ) 763

Necturus maculosus :Micropuncture study of the renal responsesof the urodele amphibian, to injections ofarginine vasotocin and an anti-aldosteronecompound (GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN) 249

Nerves:Regeneration of peripheral, to supernumerarylegs in cockroaches (WESTIN and CAMHI) 483

Nervous system:Electrophysiological analysis of potassiumand sodium movements in crustacean(ABBOTT, MORETON and PICHON) 85

Neural lamella:The permeability to ions of the, and the extra-cellular spaces in the C.N.S. of Anodontacygnea (L.) (SATTELLE and HOWES) 421

Neuroendocrine system:Hormonal control of integumentary water-loss: evidence for a novel, in an insect(Periplaneta americana) (TREHERNE and WILL-MER) 143

Oxygen consumption:Ventilatory frequency and heart rateof lampreys (Lampetra fluviatilii) duringtheir spawning run (CLARIDGE and POTTER)

193Oxygen uptake:

An automatic respirometer for determining,in crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes (Lere-boullet)) over periods of 3-4 days (SUTCLIFFE,CARRICK and MOORE) 673

Pagurus alaskenais (Benedict):Patterns of activity in the antennular moto-neurones of the hermit crab (SNOW) I

— Central patterning and reflex control of an-tennular flicking in the hermit crab (SNOW)

17Palpation:

The significance of, by the maxillary palps ofLocusta rmgratorica (L.): an electrophysio-logical and behavioural study (BLANBY andDUCKETT) 701

Patterning:Central, and reflex control of antennularflicking in the hermit crab Pagurus alatkensis(Benedict) (SNOW) 17

Peripheral specialization:For fine analysis of Doppler-shifted echoesin the auditory system of the 'CF-FM' batPteronotus parnellii ((SUGA, SIMMONS andJEN) 161

Periplaneta americana:Hormonal control of integumentary water-loss: evidence for a novel neuroendocrinesystem in an insect (TREHERNE and WILLMER)

143— An electrophysiological analysis of extra-

axonal sodium and potassium concentrationsin the central nervous system of the cock-roach (THOMAS and TREHERNE) 801

Pharynx protrusion:Control of mouth opening and, during feedingin the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica(MCFARLANE) 615

Phyllostomus hastatus:Metabolism during flight in two species ofbats, and Pteropus gouldii (THOMAS) 273

820 Index of SubjectsPhormia regina :

Central control of feeding in the diapausingadult blowfly (STOFFOLANO) 265

Porpoise:See Turtiops tnmcatus

Potassium:Electrophysiological analysis of, and sodiummovements in crustacean nervous system(ABBOTT, MORBTON and PICHON) 85

— Exchange between bathing solution and mid-gut of Hyalophora cecropia and time delay forpotassium flux through the midgut (ZRRAHN)

— Active transport of, by the Cecropia midgut;tracer kinetic theory and transport pool size(WOOD and HARVEY) 301

— An electrophysiological analysis of extra-axonalsodium and, concentrations in the centralnervous system of the cockroach (Periplanetaamericana L.) (THOMAS and TREHERNE) 801

Predator avoidance behaviour:Localization and electrical activity of thedistance chemoreceptors that mediate, inAcmaea limatula and Acmaea scutum (Gastro-poda, Prosobranchia) (PHILLIPS) 403

Prolactin therapy:The effect of hypophysectomy and, on waterbalance of the brown trout Salmo trutta(ODULEYE) 357

Pseudemys scripta:A quantitative analysis of ventilation tachy-cardia and its control in two Chelonians, andTestudo graeca (BURGOREN) 367

Pteronotus parneUiuPeripheral specialization for fine analysis ofDoppler-shifted echoes in the auditorysystem of the ' CF-FM' bat (SUOA, SIMMONSand JEN) 161

Pteropu* gottldn:Metabolism during flight in two species ofbats, Phyllostomut hastatus and (THOMAS)

Rainbow trout:See Salmo gatrdneri

Ream ridibunda:NaCl adaptation in, and a comparison with theeuryhaline toad Bufo viridis (KATZ) 763

Rectum:The secretion of hyperosmotic fluid by the,of a saline-water mosquito larva, Aedestaeniorhynchus (BRADLEY and PHILLIPS) 331

Reflex modulation:Of motoneurone activity in the cheliped ofthe crayfish Attacus leptodactylut (VEDEL,ANGAUT-PETCT and CLARAC) 551

Renal responses:Micropuncture study of the, of the urodeleamphibian Necturus maculosus to injections ofarginine vasotocin and an anti-aldosteronecompound (GARLAND, HENDERSON andBROWN) 249

Respiration:The effect of progressive hypoxia on,in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus camcula) at

different seasonal temperatures (BUTLER andTAYLOR) 117

— In relation to ion uptake in the crayfish Austro-potomobius pallipes (Lereboullet) (SUTCLIFFEand CARRICK) 689

Respiratory tract:Water flow dynamics in the, of the carp(Cyprinus carpio L.) 537

Respirometer:An automatic, for determining oxygen uptakein crayfish (AwtropoUtmobtus pallipet (Lere-boullet)) over periods of 3-4 days (SUTCLIFFE,CARRICK and MOORE) 673

Rhodnius:Induction of transport of organic anions inMalpighian tubules of (MADDRELL andGARDINER) 755

Running:On the, of the gnu (Cotmochaetes taurinus)and other animals (PENNYCUICK) 775

Salivary gland:The innervation of the, of the moth, Manducasexta: evidence that dopamine is the trans-mitter (ROBERTSON) 413

Salmo gairdneri:Acceleration performance of rainbow troutand green sunfish Lepomit cyanellus (WEBB)

45i— Physical and adrenergic factors affecting sys-

temic vascular resistance in the rainbowtrout: a comparison with branchial vascularresistance (WOOD and SHELTON) 505

Salmo trutta:The effects of calcium on water balance of thebrown trout (ODULEYE) 343

— The effect of hypophysectomy and prolactintherapy on water balance of the brown trout(ODULEYE) 357

Scaphognathite rhythms:Patterns and bilateral coordination of, in thelobster Hermann americanus (WILKENS andYOUNO) 219

Schiatocerca gregaria:The energetics of the jump of the locust(BENNBT-CLARK) S3

Scyliorhinus camcula:The effect of progressive hypoxia on respira-tion in the dogfish, at different seasonaltemperatures (BUTLER and TAYLOR) I 17

Sea anemone:See Calliactis pararitica; Tealiafelma

Sodium:Electrophysiological analysis of potassiumand, movements in crustacean nervoussystem (ABBOTT, MORETON and PICHON) 85

— An electrophysiological analysis of extra-axonal, and potassium concentrations in thecentral nervous system of the cockroach(Periplaneta americana L.) (THOMAS andTREHERNB) 801

Sound localization:By the bottlenose porpoise Turtiops trtmcaim(RHNAUD and POPPER) fl

Index of Subjects 821

SWphate:The removal of, by the excretory appara-tus of the blowfly Calliphora vomtoria(KNOWLES) 237

Systemic vascular resistance:Physical and adrenergic factors affecting, inthe rainbow trout: a comparison withbranchial vascular resistance (WOOD andSHELTON) 505

Tachycardia:A quantitative analysis of ventilation, andits control in two Chelonians Pseudemysscripta and Tettudo graeca (BURGOREN)

367Tealia felina:

An electrophysiological analysis of chemo-reception in the sea anemone (LAWN)

525Teleost fish:

Pursuit and prediction in the tracking ofmoving food by a {Acanthaluteres spilo-menarut) (LANCHESTER and MARK) 627

Testudo graeca:A quantitative analysis of ventilationtachycardia and its control in two Chel-onians Pteudemys scripta and (BUROOREN)

367Thiocyanate:

The branchial chloride pump in thegoldfish Carassius auratus: relationshipbetween Cl'/HCO," and Cl'/Cl" ex-changes and the effect of (DE RENZIS)

S87Toad:

NaCl adaptation in Rana ridUntnda and acomparison with the euryhaline, Bufo vhidis(KATZ) 763

Tracer kinetic theory:Active transport of potassium by the

Cecropia midgut; and transport pool size(WOOD and HARVEY) 301

Tracking of moving food:Pursuit and prediction in the, by a teleost fish(Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus) (LANCHESTERand MARK) 627

Transport pool size:Active transport of potassium by theCecropia midgut: tracer kinetic theory and(WOOD and HARVEY) 301

Tsetse fly:See Glossina austem

Turstops truncatus:Sound localization by the bottlenose por-poise (RENAUD and POPPER) 569

Ventilatory frequency:Oxygen consumption, and heart rate oflampreys (Lampetra fluviatilis) during theirspawning run (CLARIDOB and POTTER) 193

Ventilatory motoneurones:Co-ordinating intemeurones of the locustwhich convey two patterns of motor com-mands : their connexions with (BURROWS)

735Water balance:

The effects of calcium on, of the brown troutSalmo trutta (ODULEYE) 343

— The effect of hypophysectomy and prolactintherapy on, of the brown trout Salmo trutta(ODULEYE) 357

Water flow dynamics:In the respiratory tract of the carp (Cyprinuscarpio L.) (HOLETON and JONES) 537

Water-loss:Hormonal control of integumentary: evi-dence for a novel neuroendocrine system inan insect (Periplaneta americana) (TRE-HERKB and WIIXMER) 143

I

from PrincetonHYBRIDIZATION OF SOMATIC CELLSBoris EphrussiT h i s book is wall written, well Illustrated, and very readable. It will be valuable as anIntroductory text for those interested in the principles, technique, and application ofsomatic cell hybridization, particularly with regard to the study of gene-linkage relation-ships (especially those of man), genetic aspects of differentiation in mammals, and aspectsof malignancy which relate to genetics and cellular differentiation."-Thomas B. Shows,.American Scientist Cloth, $11.00 • Paperback, $4.95

STABILITY AND COMPLEXITY IN MODEL ECOSYSTEMSRobert M. MayT h i s volume treats so many topical problems and proposes so many hypotheses thatone might expect it to stimulate considerable field work. Merely as an exhaustivesynthetic review of much of the population and community model literature rt wouldbe a standard reference for graduate workers in the field A dear, elegant, and pro-vocative treatise In an area of theoretical and practical importance."—Daniel SImberloff,Science. Monographs in Population Biology, 6" e Cloth, $11.50 e Paperback, $4.95

POPULATIONS IN A SEASONAL ENVIRONMENTStephen D. FretwellAssessing such seasonal factors as temperature variations, rainfall, migration, breedinghabits, and the quality and abundance of food supplies in relation to various species ofbirds, Stephen D. Fretwell demonstrates a technique of population analysis that agreesfully with the concept of seasonally. Monographs in Population Biology, 5Cloth, $11 SO e Paperback, $4.96

COMPETITION AND THE STRUCTURE OFBIRD COMMUNITIESMartin L. Cody"This ti one of the best general works to appear to date on population biology; it carriesbird ecology—and with It ecology In general-to a new level of sophistication. The balancebetween theory and substance are especially notable. This to the book I plan to hand topeople who ask me whether ecology to really a science."—E. O. Wilson, Harvard UniversityMonographs in Population Biology, 8 • Cloth, $ 1 2 3 0 • Paperback, $ 6 5 5

A brochure on the Monographs in Population Biology Series is available upon request.

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESSPrinceton, New Jersey 08540

Jnl. of Experimental Biology, 63, 3 (0

Neurodiscovery

The Neurosciences: Paths of Discoveryedited by Frederic G. Warden, Judith P.Swazey, and George Adelman

Some of the most celebrated researchers of ourtime address themselves in this book to thequestion of how discoveries in the neurosciencesare made, through general insights into themethods—rigorous or improvisational—andstrategies of science and through a personal re-tracing of the paths that led to their own majordiscoveries over the course of the past fiftyyears.$30.00 hardcover; $18.95 paperback

Opiate Receptor Mechanisms:Neurochemical and NeurophysiologicalProcesses in Opiate Drug Action and Addictionby Solomon H. Snyder and Steven Matthysse

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Conceptual Models of Neural Organizationby John Szentigothai and Michael A. Arbib

$8.95

Model Systems in Biological Psychiatryedited by David J. Ingle and Harvey M. Shein$15.00

Neurosciences Research Symposium Summaries:An Anthology of Work Session Reports fromthe Neurosciences Research Program Bulletin,Volume Eightedited by Francis O. Schmitt, George Adelman,and Frederic G. Worden

$15.00

The MIT PressMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, Massachusetts 02142

The Journal of

Experimental Biology

The Journal of

Experimental Biology

EDITED BY

J. E. TREHERNEWITH THE ASSISTANCE OF W. A. FOSTER & P. K. SCHOFIELD

VOLUME 63

CAMBRIDGEAT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

1975

PUBLISHED BYTHE SYNDICS OF THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Bentley House, 200 Euston Road, London, NWI SDB32 East 57th Street, New York, N.Y. 10022

© Company of Biologists Ltd 1975

Printed in Great Britain at the University Printing House, Cambridge

CONTENTS

No. 1 AUGUST 1975PAGE

SNOW, PETER J. Patterns of activity in the antennular motoneurones of the hermitcrab, Pagurus alaskensis (Benedict) i

SNOW, PETER J. Central patterning and reflex control of antennular flicking in thehermit crab Pagurus alaskensis (Benedict) 17

COOKE, IAN M. and HARTLINE, DANIEL K. Neurohormonal alteration of integrative

properties of the cardiac ganglion of the lobster Homarus americanus . . 33

BENNET-CLARK, H. C. The energetics of the jump of the locust Schistocerca gregaria . 53

ABBOTT, N. JOAN, MORETON, R. B. and PICHON, Y. Electrophysiological analysis ofpotassium and sodium movements in crustacean nervous system . . . 85

BUTLER, P. J. and TAYLOR, E. W. The effect of progressive hypoxia on respiration inthe dogfish {Scyliorhinus camcula) at different seasonal temperatures . . 117

HUDDART, H. and SYSON, A. J. The effect of caffeine on calcium efflux and calciumtranslocation in skeletal and visceral muscle 131

TREHERNE, J. E. and WILLMER, P. G. Hormonal control of integumentary water-loss:evidence for a novel neuroendocrine system in an insect {Periplaneta americana) 143

SUGA, N., SIMMONS, J. A. and JEN, P. H.-S. Peripheral specialization for fine analysisof doppler-shifted echoes in the auditory system of the' CF-FM' bat PteronotusparnelUi 161

CLARIDGE, P. N. and POTTER, I. C. Oxygen consumption, ventilatory frequency andheart rate of lampreys (Lampetrafluviatilis) during their spawning run . . 193

Sorvio, ANTTI, NYHOLM, KEijoandWESTMAN, KAI. A technique for repeated samplingof the blood of individual resting fish 207

WILKENS, J. L. and YOUNG, R. E. Patterns and bilateral coordination of scapho-gnathite rhythms in the lobster Homarus americanus 219

KNOWLES, G. The removal of sulphate by the excretory apparatus of the blowflyCalHphora vomitoria 237

GARLAND, H. 0., HENDERSON, I. W. and BROWN, J. ANNE. Micropuncture study ofthe renal responses of the urodele amphibian Necturus maculosus to injections ofarginine vasotocin and an anti-aldosterone compound 249

STOFFOLANO JR., JOHN G. Central control of feeding in the diapausing adult blowfly,Phormia regina 265

THOMAS, STEVEN P. Metabolism during flight in two species of bats, Phyllostomushastattu and Pteropus gouldii 273

ZERAHN, KARL. Potassium exchange between bathing solution and midgut of Hyalo-phora cecropia and time delay for potassium flux through the midgut . . 295

vi Contents

No. 2 OCTOBER 1975PAGE

WOOD, JOHN L. and HARVEY, WILLIAM R. Active transport of potassium by the

cecropia midgut; tracer kinetic theory and transport pool size . . . . 301

WOOD, JOHN L., JUNGREIS, ARTHUR M. and HARVEY, WILLIAM R. Active transport of

magnesium across the isolated midgut of Hyalophora cecropia . . . 313

HARVEY, WILLIAM R., WOOD, JOHN L., QUATRALE, RICHARD P. and JUNGREIS, ARTHUR

M. Cation distributions across the larval and pupal midgut of the lepidopteran,Hyalophora cecropia, in vivo 321

BRADLEY, T. J. and PHILLIPS, J. E. The secretion of hyperosmotic fluid by the rectumof a saline-water mosquito larva, Aedes taeniorhynchui 331

ODULEYE, S. O. The effects of calcium on water balance of the brown trout Salmotrutta 343

ODULEYB, S. O. The effect of hypophysectomy and prolactin therapy on water balanceof the brown trout, Salmo trutta 357

BURGGREN, WARREN W. A quantitative analysis of ventilation tachycardia and its

control in two chelonians, Pseudemys scripta and Tettudo graeca . . . 367

GEE, J. D. Diuresis in the tsetse fly Glossina austeni 381

GEE, J. D. The control of diuresis in the tsetse fly Glossina austeni: a preliminaryinvestigation of the diuretic hormone . 3 9 1

PHILLIPS, DAVID W. Localization and electrical activity of the distance chemo-receptors that mediate predator avoidance behaviour in Acmaea limatula andActnaea scutum (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) 403

ROBERTSON, H. A. The innervation of the salivary gland of the moth, Manduca sexta:evidence that dopamine is the transmitter 413

SATTELLE, D. B. and HOWES, E. A. The permeability to ions of the neural lamella

and the extracellular spaces in the C.N.S. of Anodonta cygnea . . . . 421

KRASNE, FRANKLIN B. and W I N E , JEFFREY J. Extrinsic modulation of crayfish escape

behaviour 433

WEBB, P. W. Acceleration performance of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and greensunfish Lepomis cyanelhs 451

MILLER, JENNIFER B., AIDLEY, JESSICAJIL S. and KITCHING, J. A. Effects of heliumand other inert gases on Echinosphaerium nucleofihtm (Protozoa, Heliozoa) . 467

WESTIN, JOANNE and CAMHI, JEFFREY M. Regeneration of peripheral nerves tosupernumary legs in cockroaches 483

WESTIN, JOANNE and CAMHI, JEFFREY M. Motor innervation within supernumerarylegs of cockroaches 497

WOOD, CHRIS M. and SHELTON, GRAHAM. Physical and adrenergic factors affectingsystemic vascular resistance in the rainbow trout: a comparison with branchialvascular resistance 505

LAWN, I. D. An electrophysiological analysis of chemoreception in the sea anemone,TeaUafeHna 5^M

Contents vii

No. 3 DECEMBER 1975PAGE

HOLETON, GEORGE F. and JONES, DAVID R. Water flow dynamics in the respiratory

tract of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) 537

VEDEL, J. P., ANGAUT-PETIT, D. and CLARAC, F. Reflex modulation of motoneurone

activity in the cheliped of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus . . . 551

RENAUD, DONNA L. and POPPER, ARTHUR N. Sound localization by the bottlenose

porpoise Tursiops truncatus 569

D E RENZIS, G. The branchial chloride pump in the goldfish Carassius auratus:relationship between Cl~/HCOa~ and C1~/C1~ exchanges and the effect ofthiocyanate 587

BARTHOLOMEW, GEORGE A. and EPTING, ROBERT J. Allometry of post-flight cooling

rates in moths: a comparison with vertebrate homeotherms . . . . 603

MCFARLANE, I. D. Control of mouth opening and pharynx protrusion during feedingin t h e sea a n e m o n e Calliactis parasitica 615

L A N C H E S T E R , B E T T Y S. a n d M A R K , R. F . P u r s u i t a n d p red ic t ion in t h e t r ack ing ofm o v i n g food b y a teleost fish (Acanthaluteres spilomelanurus) . . . . 627

T O U L M O N D , A N D R E \ Blood oxygen t r a n s p o r t a n d m e t a b o l i s m of t h e confined l u g w o r mArenicola marina (L.) 647

MANGUM, C. P. and JOHANSEN, K. The colloid osmotic pressures of invertebrate bodyfluids 661

SUTCLIFFE, D. W., CARRICK, T. R. and MOORE, W. H. An automatic respirometer fordetermining oxygen uptake in crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet))over periods of 3-4 days 673

SUTCLIFFE, D. W. and CARRICK, T. R. Respiration in relation to ion uptake in thecrayfish Austropotambius pallipes (Lereboullet) 689

BLANEY, W. M. and DUCKETT, A. M. The significance of palpation by the maxillarypalps of Locusta migratoria (L.): an electrophysiological and behavioural study . 701

BURROWS, MALCOLM. Co-ordinating interneurones of the locust which convey twopatterns of motor commands: their connexions with flight motoneurones . . 713

BURROWS, MALCOLM. Co-ordinating interneurones of the locust which convey twopatterns of motor commands: their connexions with ventilatory motoneurones . 735

MADDRELL, S. H. P. and GARDINER, B. O. C. Induction of transport of organic anionsin Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius 755

KATZ, U. NaCl adaptation in Rana ridibunda and a comparison with the euryhalinetoad Bufo viridis 763

PENNYCUICK, C. J. On the running of the gnu (Connochaetes taurinus) and otheranimals 775

THOMAS, M. V. and TREHERNE, J. E. An electrophysiological analysis of extra-axonalsodium and potassium concentrations in the central nervous system of thecockroach (Periplaneta americana L.) 801

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