436

AABC analysis, 3865 A Day, 177Administrative structure of Japanese society, 45b3-adrenergic receptor, 350Aging, 262, 263, 271Alcohol drinking cessation programs, 243Alcohol policy, 326–337Alcohol-related problem, 326–328, 334, 335Alcohol restriction, 243, 247, 251The Alliance for Healthy Cities (AFHC), 149Alternative medicine, 87, 88, 91, 95, 96Ancient Greek medicine, 5Anthropometric index, 358–362Anti-tobacco, 145Antonovsky, 119, 120, 124Anxiety

about discrimination, 121, 122economic, 121, 122

Area informatics, 65Arithmetic calculation, 67“5As” clinical practice guidelines, 319Asia, 214–220Asian, 346, 347, 353Asia Pacific Conference on Health Promotion

and Education (APHPE), 103, 134“5As” in smoking cessation counseling,

320–322Autonomy, 134Ayurveda, 4, 87, 92, 93, 95–97

BBacteria, 391–393Balance, 87, 92, 93, 95–97Behavioral change, 242, 243Blindfolded walking, 40, 44, 47Body mass index (BMI), 35, 344–350, 354Brief food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), 245

Buddhism, 3Budget cuts, 139Building capacity, 317–324Building community partnership, 60

C“8020 campaign,” 398–399Cancer, 87, 88, 91, 92, 97

awareness, 79breast, 284colon, 281–285endometrial, 284epithelial ovarian, 283, 284lung, 283–285pancreatic, 282–285prostate, 284rectal, 281, 282risk, 79screening, 138survivors, 78–80

Cancer advocacy organizations, 79Capacity mapping, 151Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), 214–215, 217,

219, 220, 275, 276, 279–281, 366–372

Case-control study, 284Case-method teaching, 376–380CASE Model, 162CBT. See Cognitive behavior therapyCDSMP. See Chronic Disease Self-

Management ProgramCenters for Disease Control and Prevention,

174Central obesity, 343–344, 352Childhood obesity, 347–349Children, 347–349China, 214, 218, 349Chinese medical thought, 3

Index

T. Muto et al. (eds.), Asian Perspectives and Evidence on Health Promotion and Education, DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-53889-9, © Springer 2011

437Index

Chronic Disease Self-Management Program, 118, 127–129

Cities, 346, 348Cochrane database, 183Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT),

385–387Cognitive function, 68Cohesion, 134Cohort study, 346, 351

prospective, 278, 279, 281, 285Common risk factors, 391, 402Communicable Disease Prevention and

Control Act (Taiwan), 234Communication abilities, 76Community, 162–172, 215–220

diagnosis, 428, 432health center, 243, 250–251intervention, 369, 371

Community-based participatory research (CBPR), 106–115

Community-based programs, 199Community council of countermeasures for

children requiring aid, 212Community development, 162Community empowerment, 57–62, 162Community nurse, 57–59Community strengthening, 59–62Companion robots, 75Compulsory education, 225Computed tomography (CT), 352, 354Computer-tailored, 287–304Confucianism, 3Confused understanding of health, 43Constructivist’s perspective, 44Cooperation of occupational and community

health, 211Coping

ability, 118, 124, 129capability, 125cognitive, 128, 129resource, 121, 124, 126stress, 118, 128, 129

Core curriculum, 24Corporate social responsibility

(CSR), 259Cost-benefit, 191, 192Craniofacial complex, 390Crime victim, 417–420, 425Cross-sectional study, 121–123, 129Cross-setting, 250, 251CSR. See Corporate social responsibilityCT. See Computed tomographyCurriculum model, 13–19CVD. See Cardiovascular diseases

DDao ying, 5Death

by injury, 417–418at school, 420

Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), 394–396, 398, 400

Dementia, 67Dental

caries, 389–402workforce, 394–396

Depression, 68, 374–387Deprived situation, 46Design of health care services, 203Diabetes mellitus, 390–391Dietary intake

carbohydrate, 308–309Diffusion of Innovation Theory, 174, 179Disaster Volunteers, 136Disease-oriented system (DOS),

376–377DMFT. See Decayed, missing, and filled teethDose-response relationship, 278–281, 285Drink-driving, 327, 328, 331–335Drinking age, 329–330, 334, 335Drinking diary, 243Dutch medicine, 8

EEating habit, 309Effectiveness and the promoting factors, 202Ekiken Kaibara, 7Emergency care team, 234Empowerment, 124, 162–172Empowerment Continuum Model, 178En, 134Endpoints, 220Energy, 87, 92, 93, 95, 96

fat, 308protein, 308

Enryo, 136Environment

organizational, 124work, 118, 123, 124

Epidemiological study, 276, 281, 284“3Es” approach (Environment, Education,

and Enforcement), 429, 430Europe, 215, 219Evaluations, 157–161, 256–259, 269Exercise prescription, 243–245, 251Exercise therapy, 244Extended Parallel Process Model, 179External causes of injury, 430

438 Index

FFace-to-face, 288, 295, 300, 304Face-to-face communication, 45Fall prevention exercise program, 433Fatty foods, 350–351FCTC. See Framework convention of tobacco

controlFFQ. See Brief food frequency questionnaireFinancial support, 146First aid, 26Fitness test, 263, 264Fitzhugh Mullan, 80Five phases in nature, 5Five senses, 43, 45Fluoride

application, 392, 397, 398ion, 392mouthrinsing, 392, 398toothpaste containing, 392, 398topical, 392, 397, 398

Focus Group Interview (FGI), 71Framework convention of tobacco control

(FCTC), 138, 318Fukoku Kyohei, 11Fundamental health checkup, 104

GGalen, 4Geoffrey Rose, 136Geographical Information Systems, 65Geriatric Depression (GDS), 68Gingivitis, 393, 397, 402Giri, 135Global Conference on Health Promotion, 54–56Grand Project for Building a Friendly

Campus, 236, 238Greco-Arab medical thought, 4Group

discussion, 126leader, 118, 125, 126method, 125talk, 125

Group awareness, 40, 43Group mentality, 43GRR. See ResourceThe Guideline for promoting activity between

community and occupational health, 211

HHaddon Matrix, 421Hanshin-Awaji Great Earthquake, 136

Health and safety promotion, 427, 429, 433, 434Health Assessment, 32Health Belief Model, 174Health care facility for the elderly, 68Health care informatics, 63–64Health care professionals, 317–324Health committee activity, 138Health communication, 173Health Communication Wheel, 174Health culture activities, 12Health Education

policies, 228professional preparation programs, 237programs, 228–229studies and research, 228, 232

Health education, 26–29, 148Health Education Specialist, 148Health educator, 148Health GIS, 65Health guidance, 28Health indicators, 224–225Health information, 32Health instruction, 28Health Insurance Reform, 33Health insurers, 104Health Japan 21, 32, 136, 178Health Literacy, 175Health management, 26Health Plan 2010, 145Health promoting school (HPS)

community relationships, 231, 236concept, 228, 236guidelines for, 229, 231health education curriculum

Health and Nursing, 235Health and Physical Education

Curriculum, 235major components, 231personal health skills, 231, 235physical environment of the school, 231, 236school health policies, 227, 231–233, 237,

238school health services

communicable disease control, 227, 233, 234

emergency care on campus, 233, 234follow-up, 233health examinations, 227, 233, 234, 237management of the health center, 233school health nursing services, 233, 234services for disabled students, 234, 237services for the handicapped, 233

school’s social environment, 231, 236support network, 229, 231

439Index

Health promotion, 29–30, 87–91, 96, 97, 147, 199–205, 228–230, 232, 238–239, 275–285, 427, 432–434

Health Promotion Act, 237, 255Health Promotion Fund, 151, 152Health promotion intervention, 80–81Health Promotion Law, 34, 242Health promotion program, 261–271Health rainbow program, 244, 251Health-related mindset, 40–43Health-related mindset as challenges, 47Health risk appraisal (HRA), 244, 245, 250, 251Health room, 21“Health Screening/Guidance for Metabolic

Syndrome” (HSGMS), 186Health Services Law for the Aged, 104Health status, 51–54Healthy Cities, 142, 155–161Healthy City Projects, 149Healthy communities, 144Healthy eating, 287–304Healthy Japan 21, 90, 91, 207Healthy Korea 2010, 143Healthy lifestyle, 230, 235, 239Healthy Parents and Children 21, 207Healthy people, 238Healthy people 2000, 347Healthy People 2010, 173Healthy society, 199Helper therapy principle, 128High-risk groups, 427–430Hinduism, 3Hippocrates, 4, 88Hippocratic medicine, 88Historical mental ideas, 47The History of Sexuality, 12HIV/AIDS, 52HIV/AIDS education using peer counseling,

404–415Holistic approaches, 431, 434Home visits to all infants, 212Hong Kong, 216HPS. See Health promoting schoolHP-Source, 151HP-Source.net, 142HR. See Pooled hazard ratioHRA. See Health risk appraisalHughes, 4Hunayn ibn Ishãq, 5

IIbn Sînã, 5Ikigai, 121, 122

Iliac crest, 352Imperialism, 11Improve the quality of life, 199Incidence, 276, 278, 285Inclusion criteria, 276, 279, 284India, 214, 217Indian ayurvedic medicine, 87, 91Indian medical thought, 3Industrial Safety and Health Law (ISH Law),

255–266Informational environment, 137Information and Communication Technologies

(ICTs), 63Information and communication technology,

180Information Service, 37Information technology, 288, 289, 298Injury

intentional, 417, 420, 425, 429prevention, 426–434at school, 420surveillance, 428, 430, 433unintentional, 417

Injury/accident prevention, 427, 429Injury and accident mutual aid benefit

system, 422Insecurity

economic, 122job, 123

In-service training programs, 227, 237

Insurers, 33Intake interview, 187Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program,

32, 37Intentional injury, 429Intention-to-treat analysis, 299, 301International obesity task force

(IOTF), 349definition, 348

The International Safe Community Network, 427, 432

International tax, 139International Union for Health Promotion and

Education (IUHPE), 238Intervention

method, 118–130program, 118, 124, 125,

128–130study, 121

Iran, 215ISH Law. See Industrial Safety and Health

LawIslamic medical thought, 3

440 Index

JJapan, 63–64, 214, 216, 218, 253–259Japanese, 344–350, 352Japanese Association for Cardiovascular

Disease Control, 35Japanese disease pattern, 200Japanese food guide Spinning Top, 178Japanese life expectancy, 200Japanese writing system, 41Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective

Study (JPHC Study), 346, 351Jichikai, 432, 433Job

control, 123demand, 122, 123discretion, 119, 123, 124security, 123

KKameoka city, 427, 432–434Kampo, 9Karo-jisatsu, 255, 258, 259Karoshi, 254–255, 258, 259Kenko Nippon 21, 32Kenkou Nippon 21, 346Knowledge of health hazards of smoking,

320–323Koan Ogata, 10Koku-Gaku (Japanese classical literature), 8Korea, 141, 149, 214, 217Korean Health Promotion Fund, 153Korean Healthy City Partnership (KHCP), 150Koretoshi Ogata, 10Kushima city, 178

LLangeland, 118, 125–130Language structure, 40, 41Lao-Zi, 7Law of Ensuring the Medical Care for the

Aged, 104Law of Health and Medical Services for the

Aged, 34Law of Healthcare Access for the Aged, 34Leader

group, 118, 125, 126lay, 127

Leaflet distribution, 138Learning therapy, 68Learning through mapping and integrating, 45Learning through sharing and connecting, 45“Lecture on Yojo” (Yojo-kun), 7

Lieh-Zi, 7Life

education, 13–19expectancy, 223–225, 239experience, 120healthy and active, 130Positive, 119, 127satisfaction, 128situation, 120, 124skills, 15, 17–19

Lifestyle, 214–220changes, 78, 83–84choices, 79diseases, 87, 88, 90, 97modifications, 78

Lifestyle modification advice program, 31, 32Lifestyle modification program, 37Lifestyle modifications, 243–245, 307, 312, 314Lifestyle-related diseases, 101, 200, 211, 255,

257, 263, 264, 271Liquor license, 327–330, 334–336Longitudinal, 346, 350, 351

data, 121study, 123

Long-term effect, 215, 217–218, 220Love teeth day, 400

MMaintaining harmony, 43Male obesity rate, 209Management for community health system, 59Mantel–Haenzel method, 186Marketing mix, 176Media, 177Medical cost, 262Medical expenses, 262, 263Medium-term effect, 215–217, 220Meiji Restoration, 9Meng-Zi, 7Meta-analysis, 276–282, 284Metabolic risk factors, 352, 354Metabolic syndrome (MetS), 31, 37, 39, 104,

178, 187, 211, 217, 255, 264, 266, 271, 343–344, 352–354

Method guideline for systematic review, 299, 303

Metropolitan, 346, 348, 349MetS. See Metabolic syndromeMichel Foucault, 12Mind/body medicine, 375–376Mini-mental status examination (MMSE), 68Ministry of health, labour and welfare, 254, 255Modeling, 123, 128

441Index

The model project of municipal National Health Insurance, 184

The MONICA study, 347Monitoring, 146Mortality, 276, 278, 285Motivational advice, 32Motivational advice for lifestyle modification,

37Motivational enhancement therapy, 244Motivational interviewing techniques, 319Moyai, 135Mujin, 135Multiple-behavior interventions, 287, 288,

298, 303, 304Multiple impairments, 47Municipal government, 104

NNational Cholesterol Education Program’s

Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), 352, 353

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 347

National Health and Nutrition Survey (NNS-J), 344–346, 348

National health care expenditure (NHCE), 190National Health Promotion Act, 141National School Health Association of the

Republic of China (NSHA, R.O.C.), 229, 230, 232

National Screening Program, 241National Taiwan Normal University

Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, 228

Nature, 88, 94, 96NCEP-ATP III. See National Cholesterol

Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III

Need assessment, 247, 248, 250, 251Neighborhood self-governing association, 432Nei Jing: Suwen, 5Networks, 133, 155–161New Health Assessment and Lifestyle

Modification Advice Program, 33New public health, 153NGOs. See Nongovernmental organizationsNinjyou, 135NNS-J. See National Health and Nutrition

SurveyNoncommunicable lifestyle-related diseases, 31Non-face-to-face, 289Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs),

225, 230, 232

Norms, 133Northern Part of the Western Pacific (NPWP),

101–105Number of subject, 215, 220Nursing care insurance sector, 104Nutritional counseling, 243, 251

OObesity, 263, 266, 343–355, 367–368,

370–371Obesity-related disorders, 358–362Occupational health, 254, 255, 257, 259Occupational physicians, 255, 257–259Occupational safety and health management

system (OSHMS), 258, 259Odds ratio (OR)

combined, 284Opportunity to participate actively, 203Oral cancer, 390, 393–394, 401Oral function, 390, 394, 399Oral health

activities, 389–402education, 397, 400, 402examination, 397function, 390, 394, 399promotion, 389–402status, 394–397, 399, 400

Organizational activity, 422Ottawa charter, 42Ottawa charter for health promotion, 387Outcome Model for Health Promotion, 179

PPACE+, 291, 303, 304Parent-Teacher Association (PTA), 236Patanjali, 6Patient–physician communication, 382–385PBL. See Problem-based learningPDCA cycle. See Plan–Do–Check–Action

(PDCA) cyclePeriodontal diseases, 389–391, 393, 394,

401, 402Periodontitis, 393Personal lifestyles, 256–259Pet-type robots, 76PHC: Now More Than Ever, 62Phonetic expression, 41Phuket consensus statements, 401–402Physical activity, 264, 266, 287–304

leisure-time, 277–279, 281, 283–285occupational, 277, 278, 281–285transport, 282, 284

442 Index

Physical environment, 137Physical fitness, 263, 264Plan–Do–Check–Action (PDCA) cycle,

431, 432, 434Planned Behavior Model, 174Plaque, 391, 393Pooled hazard ratio (HR), 279Population approach, 136–139Population-based approach, 38Positive psychology, 124Post-health examination management

system, 243Pre-and post-training single group design, 318Preference, 350–352Premetabolic syndrome, 37Primary care, 62Primary Health Care (PHC), 89, 97Primary prevention against child abuse, 212The Principle of Hygiene for the State, 11Print materials, 288, 289, 303, 304Problem-based learning (PBL), 377Problem-solving paradigm, 378–379Professional certification system, 237Program-oriented approaches, 431PTA. See Parent-Teacher AssociationPublic health centers, 147, 250–251Public health nurse, 208Public health policy, 11

QQi, 5, 95, 96Qualitative assessment, 68Qualitative study, 119, 129–130Quality of life, 390, 391, 399, 401, 402Quantitative effects, 203Quarantine, 9

RRandomized clinical trial, 218Randomized controlled trials, 288, 289, 298, 299Reading aloud, 67Receiver operator characteristic curve, 352Reference groups, 428Regional medical care network, 63–64Relative risk (RR), 276–284Resource

awareness of, 126coping, 121, 126generalized resistance, 124internal and external, 118, 125potential, 125salutogenesis, 124

Restful sleep, 243, 251Retirement age, 261–262Rhazes, 5Rich and heavy tastes, 351Risk factors, 52–53Robot-assisted activity (RAA), 68Robot-assisted therapy (RAT), 68Roter interaction analysis system (RIAS),

382–385RR. See Relative riskRural, 348–350

SSafe Community (SC), 426–434

designation, 427, 434setting-oriented approaches, 431, 434

Safe schoolindices of, 424, 425international, 417, 424, 425

Safety education, 422–425Safety map of the community, 423Safety promotion, 416–434Safety promotion or injury prevention (SP/IP),

428–430Salt intake, 368, 369, 371Salt reduction, 307–314Salutogenesis, 119, 124, 125, 130SARS. See Severe acute respiratory syndromeSC. See Safe CommunitySchool dentist, 397School Health Act, 229, 232–234, 237School Health and Safety Act, 422School health and safety law, 21, 29School Health Guidelines, 229School nurses, 21, 23, 232–234, 236, 237School safety plan, 422Sekimon-Shin-Gaku, 8Self-awareness, 3Self-cultivation, 3Self-development, 12Self-discipline, 8Self-efficacy, 121, 125, 128Self-evolution, 3Self-preservation, 3Self-reflection, 45Semi-structured manner, 71Sensai Nagayo, 9Sense of coherence, components of,

122, 128–130Sense of comprehensibility, 119, 129, 130Sense of manageability, 124, 128Sense of meaningfulness, 119, 124, 128–130Sensitive communication robot, 69

443Index

Sensory awakening, 40–47Sensory disabled, 46–47Sensory experiences, 44Setting-oriented approach, SC’s, 431, 434Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS),

380, 381Shared experience, 15–19Shigeru Ito, 11Shinpei Goto, 11Short-term effect, 215–216, 220Simulation exercise, 376–378Single-behavior intervention, 287, 298, 303Six indicators, 427–434Small-scale enterprises (SSEs), 254, 258–259Small towns, 346, 348, 349Smoking, 391, 393, 394, 401, 402Smoking cessation, 243, 244, 247, 248, 251,

317–324Smoking cessation counseling, 317–324Smoking cessation training programs,

318–324Smoking prevention, 177SOC. See Sense of coherence, components ofSocial capital, 133–134Social Cognitive Theory, 174, 179Social Darwinism, 11Social determinants of health, 106–115Social ecology, 115Social environment, 9, 137Social Marketing, 176–177Social support, 125, 126Social trust, 133Soyo town of Kumamoto Prefecture, 202Special health checkup and health guidance,

104Specified health guidance, 34SP/IP. See Safety promotion or injury

preventionSSEs. See Small-scale enterprisesStage of exercise change, 300Stages of Change Model, 174, 179Stress, 374–387

management, 243, 244, 247, 251Stroke

hemorrhagic, 276–278ischemic, 276–278total, 276–278

Subgroup analysis, 281Sugar-containing diet, 401Suicide, 375–380Suicide prevention, 13–19SUN SMART, 178Survivorship, 79Sustainable development, 236

Sweets, 350–351Sweet tastes, 351Systematic review, 185, 276

TTactile two-dimensional-mapping

(Tactile-TDM), 47Tailored health promotion program,

242, 251Taiwan, 13–19Taiwan Bureau of Health Promotion (BHP)

Center for Health Education, 230Division of Health Promotion for Children

and Adolescents, 230Taiwan Health-Promoting School’s Promotion

Center, 229Taiwan Youth Health Survey (TYHS), 224The Tanno-Sobetsu study, 344Taoism, 3Taskforce groups, 428Taste preferences, 350–352Taxation, 138–139Telemedicine, 63Thailand, 51–56Theory of Reasoned Action and Planned

Behavior, 179THP. See Total health promotion planTobacco taxes, 137Toothache, 390Top-down mentality, 40, 42–43Total health promotion plan (THP), 254,

256, 257, 259Toward tobacco control and smoking

cessation, 319, 320Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), 4, 87,

91, 92, 94–97Traditional School Health Program, 230Training of PHNs, 212–213Train-the-trainer model, 323, 324Transdisciplinary (research), 110Transformational (research), 110Translational (research), 110Transtheoretical Model, 174Treatise on Cold Damage, 5TYHS. See Taiwan Youth Health Survey

UUmbilical level, 344, 352Unani (Yunani) medicine, 4Underweight, 346, 349Unintentional injuries, 428–429The United Kingdom, 349

444 Index

The United States, 215, 219, 347, 349United States Institute of Medicine, 80United States National Cancer Institute, 79Universe, 87, 92–96

VVicHealth, 143Visceral fat area, 352, 354Vulnerable groups, 427, 429–430

WWaist circumference (WC), 35, 344, 345,

352–354Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), 358–362Walking

intensity, 279, 280pace, 279, 281time, 279, 281volume, 279, 280

Water fluoridation, 392, 398–400WC. See Waist circumferenceWeb-based intervention, 288, 297, 300Weight change, 346, 350–352Weight management, 242–243, 247, 251Westernization, 347, 350Western lifestyle, 344, 350Western Pacific Region, 156, 157, 161The WHO International Classification of

Diseases, Revision 10 (ICD10), 430WHO International Classification of External

Causes of Injury (ICECI), 430

WHP. See Work-place health promotionWHtR. See Waist-to-height ratioWorkers health profile, 251Work-life balance, 258Workplace exercise programs, 244Workplace health promotion (WHP) program,

242–244, 250, 251, 253–259Workshop designs, 46–47World Health Organization (WHO), 88, 89,

173World Health Organization (WHO)

Collaborating Center on Community Safety Promotion, 426–427

YYang, 5Yin, 5Yoga, 4Yogi, 6Yogo teacher, 21–30Yojo (meaning regimen or diet), 3Yonsei Healthy City Research Center,

144–145Yui, 135YWCAEncore, 81–83

ZZhang Zhongjing, 5Zhaung-Zi, 7Zhôh Yi, 4