AN INDEX FOR:

THE RENAISSANCE IN INDIA(Sri Aurobindo, CWSA, vol. 20)

acceptanceA certain amount of acceptance, of forms too, some imitation, is inevitable, 45But the question is what we do with them – An acceptance and an assimilation, 46In that connection I spoke of the acceptance and assimilation from the West, 43It is possible to hold that no acceptance of anything Western is called for, 43What we mean by acceptance and the actual effect of assimilation, 43

aggressionAggression must be successful and creative if the defence is to be effective, 63By an aggressive force alone can the defence itself be effective, 62The necessity of a defence and a strong, even an aggressive defence, 75

agnosticismBy an inevitable process we reach the atheistic or agnostic cult of secularism, 142

aimSpiritual freedom, spiritual perfection presented as the highest human aim, 166

aimsA different sense and direction to all the aims of human life – Spiritual culture, 35

AjantaThe art of Ajanta – The remarkably inward, spiritual and psychic turn, 303

AmericaThe increasing infiltration of India's spiritual thought into Europe and America, 62

anarchyLast, Kali Yuga – A period of anarchy and conflict and dissolution of the dharma, 404

antinomianismAntinomianism seeks to annul ethics also, for an exultant freedom of the vital play,

141aphorisms

The Sutras or aphorisms became the basis of ratiocinative commentaries, 343art

A people's art, poetry, literature – Its intuition, imagination, vital turn, intelligence, 107Art and poetry – A revelation of the deepest spiritual and universal beauty, 36Art justifies its own means and here it does it with a supreme perfection, 295The aesthetic or even the hedonistic being of man – Art, literature and poetry, 227The people had their share too in art and poetry, education, 248The six constituents of all work of art – The turn given makes all the difference, 303

Arya SamajThe Arya Samaj in the Punjab founded itself on a fresh interpretation of the Veda, 25

AryanThis was the total ideal of the Arya, the man of high upbringing and noble nature, 164

ascentThe possibility not only of an ascent but of a descent and a change of human nature,

215

1

asceticismAsceticism and illusionism are minor issues – The question, 132Asceticism means the self-denial and self-conquest by which man rises, 131Asceticism rightly understood and practised – A greater concentration of will, 253Elements stigmatised as an ascetic pessimism by the vitalistic thought of Europe, 129Life is questioned in the Indian standpoint on life – Asceticism ranges rampant, 144On one side an excessive religiosity – On the other a too world-shunning asceticism,

39The nobility or idealistic loftiness of the ascetic endeavour, 131To the West – At most a moderate intellectual and ethical asceticism is permissible,

142Asia

All Asia has always had the spiritual tendency – India is the quintessence, 57Asia or at any rate India lives naturally by a spiritual influx from above, 138In Asia there has not been this predominance of reason and the life-cult, 138The conflict between Asia and Europe – Its cultural and spiritual aspect, 57

AsramasIndian culture – The double system of the four Varnas and the four Asramas, 170The four successive stages of a developing human life – The four Asramas, 174

assembliesThe two assemblies – Sitting together for matters concerning the whole people, 414

assimilationAll that we must inevitably receive from the West – How we can assimilate it, 88But the question is what we do with them – An acceptance and an assimilation, 46In that connection I spoke of the acceptance and assimilation from the West, 43There must be an element of successful assimilation in each province of culture, 52What I mean by assimilation – We must not take it crudely in the European forms, 47What we have to do – More powerful formations and a creative assimilation, 78What we mean by acceptance and the actual effect of assimilation, 43

atheismBy an inevitable process we reach the atheistic or agnostic cult of secularism, 142

badWhatever carries me out of my orientation is bad for me, 47

Bankim ChandraThe work of Bankim Chandra is now of the past, 29

Bankim Chandra ChatterjiThe works of Bankim Chandra Chatterji and Tagore illustrate this transition, 21

barbarismCivilisation and barbarism are words of a quite relative significance, 85

BengalBengal has been recently the first workshop of the Shakti of India, 27Poetry and literature in Bengal – Two distinct stages and a third that is coming, 28

BharaviThe literary epics of Bharavi and Magha reveal the beginning of the decline, 362

BhartrihariBhartrihari writes not only with the thought but with emotion, 364

2

BhasaThe Sanskrit drama type – Kalidasa, Bhasa, Bhavabhuti, 366

BhavabhutiThe Sanskrit drama type – Kalidasa, Bhasa, Bhavabhuti, 366

birthBirth was accepted in practice as the first gross and natural indicator, 172

BrahminBrahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra – In practice, birth became the basis, 170

Brahminical civilisationBrahminical civilisation cannot truly imply any domination of sacerdotalism, 107

BrahminsA third was the religious authority of the Brahmins, 189The Brahmins themselves were recorders and exponents of the Dharma, 392

Brahmo SamajThe Brahmo Samaj started from an endeavour to restate the Vedanta, 24

BuddhismBuddha's teaching laid heavy stress on the sorrow and impermanence of things, 130Buddhism could easily have claimed for itself a Vedic origin, 208Buddhism first gave an exaggerated and enormous extension to the ascetic ideal, 127Buddhism made a gospel of the ascetic exaggeration, 240Buddhism too had another side, a side turned towards action and creation, 127Buddhism was only a restatement of one side of the experience of the Upanishads, 330Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism have had the strongest effective force in ethics, 148Buddhistic and illusionist denial of life is only one side of its philosophic tendency, 10But the Buddhist Nirvana is a state of ineffable calm and joy, open not only to a few,

130Even Buddhism and Illusionism – That man must develop himself, 239The rejection of Buddhism – The exclusive trenchancy of its positions, 208

callThat each man might feel in the way suitable the call, the pressure, the influence, 219

casteThe ancient Chaturvarnya must not be judged by the caste system, 170The caste also counted in the political and administrative functioning of the kingdom,

418The institution of caste became the one basis of economic function everywhere, 418The institution of caste in town and village – Subdivisions of the four orders, 418

castesIndian society degenerated into a chaos of castes, developing evils to eliminate, 172

ceremoniesThe fundamental character of the rites, ceremonies, system of cult and worship, 147

ceremonyIndian religion created ceremony and ritual and strict outward rule and injunction, 221

ChaitanyaThe perfect outcome of this evolution – The divine love promulgated by Chaitanya,

376Chakravarti

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They evolved the ideal of the Chakravarti, a uniting imperial rule, 434Chanakya

The immediate practical result was the rise of the empire founded by Chanakya, 436Chandidas

This lyrical form – Two poets who used the Bengali tongue, Vidyapati and Chandidas, 379

ChaturvarnaThe spirit of the system of Chaturvarna was different in India, 409

ChaturvarnyaThe ancient Chaturvarnya must not be judged by the caste system, 170

Christian disciplineThe main tendency of the Christian discipline – To despise the physical and vital, 197

ChristianityA vague abstraction of spiritual existence – Theism or a rationalised Christianity, 141As Catholic Christianity – To lay hold on his inner vital and emotional nature, 210Christianity failed to spiritualise Europe, 137It denied the supremacy of the reason and put its anathema on a fullness of life, 138The ascetic pessimism often found in Christianity is absent in Christ's teachings, 130This is the foundation of the Christian system of an eternal heaven and hell, 220

civilisationA civilisation judged by the power of the forms, types and rhythms, 167A civilisation must be judged by the work to bring that harmony out, 56A race or civilisation can draw from adversity and defeat a force of invincible victory,

85Civilisation and barbarism are words of a quite relative significance, 85Each civilisation has achieved something of special value, 235Every civilisation presents a mixed and anomalous appearance, 234No anti-vital culture can survive – A too intellectual or too ethereal civilisation, 151There is no culture, no civilisation which in its system has been entirely satisfactory,

233clan family

The clan family persisted, even after it had lost its political character, 417class rule

Not exclusive forms of class rule – A synthesis of all the natural powers and orders, 411

classical ageThe classical age – A difference of its thought, temperament and language, 354

collectivityA human collectivity as an organic living being with a soul, mind and body, 396The collective life governed by the power of the discovered greater self and spirit, 400

commercialismIndia alone has till now refused rationalism, commercialism and economism, 65

concertIndian culture proceeded on the principle of a concert, 92On the other hand it may lead to a free concert with some underlying oneness, 64

conduct

4

Conduct for the Indian mind is only one means of expression and sign of a soul-state, 149

Morality is for the Western mind mostly a thing of outward conduct, 149Council

The Council was the supreme executive and administrative body, 413The members of the Council and the ministers were drawn from all orders, 412

credal beliefDifferences of credal belief are various ways of seeing the one Self in all, 184

criticism of artThe criticism of art is vain when it ignores the spirit, aim, essential motive, 261

cultureA culture is to be valued to the extent to which it has discovered this harmony, 56A decline came upon it – Misfortune is not a proof of absence of culture, 233How a culture must be judged, 119It is the generous office of culture to enrich, enlarge and encourage human life, 160No anti-vital culture can survive – A too intellectual or too ethereal civilisation, 151The complete and integral value of a culture – The true sense of progress, 385The culture of a people as the expression of a consciousness of life – Three aspects,

106The culture which gives up its living separateness will be swallowed up, 57The whole aim of a great culture is to lift man up to something which at first he is not,

232There are three powers in order to judge the life-value of a culture – The first one, 153There is no culture, no civilisation which in its system has been entirely satisfactory,

233cultures

In the history of all great cultures – A passage through three periods, 168Other cultures are led by a different conception – The principle of struggle, 57

DeismOr a Reason or Power represented by the moral and physical Law – Deism, 142

democracyWhat I mean by acceptance of the effective idea of democracy – A necessity, 47

descentThe possibility not only of an ascent but of a descent and a change of human nature,

215dharma

A peculiar figure was the Rishi – The Dharma with a spiritual significance, 389And how again are we to point that dharma towards its own exceeding, 170Each activity of soul, mind, life, body has its dharma, 226How are we to take the natural life of man and subject it to a dharma, 170Last, Kali Yuga – A period of anarchy and conflict and dissolution of the dharma, 404The universal dharma – A perfection for the developing mind and soul of man, 163

DharmaA greater sovereign was the Dharma – The role of the Brahmins and the king, 391A State, a sovereign power has to be superimposed to see that the Dharma is observed,

404

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All alike bound to the maintenance and restrained by the yoke of the Dharma, 406All the members and groups of the socio-political body had their Dharma, 405Another power claims man – The power of the Dharma, 162Dharma is fixed in its essence, but still it develops in our consciousness and evolves,

162First in the web of Dharma comes the social law, 226Her second period completed the discovery of the Dharma, 9His ordinary dynamic, political, economical and social being – The Dharma, 228The age of the Dharma – The second long epoch of India's greatness, 13The ancient theory of the Dharma – The stages of corruption of the Dharma, 404The Dharma – The whole right practice of life founded on this knowledge, 225The Dharma – Universal too in the broad lines which all ought to pursue, 163The Dharma fixed in the Shastra is the right thing to observe, the true rule of action,

226The Dharma is the right law of functioning of our life in all its parts, 162The higher a man's position and power, the greater the call on him of the Dharma, 228The idea of the Dharma is, next to the idea of the Infinite, the major chord, 148The individual and community – Living freely according to the inner divine Dharma,

403The leading idea was the government of human interest and desire by the Dharma, 344The sovereign was the guardian and administrator of the Dharma, 404This subjection of the sovereign power to the Dharma – Political consequences, 392

DharmarajyaThe full flowering of the ideal is seen in the great epics – The Dharmarajya, 435

differentiationConcert or unity must be an underlying unity with a free differentiation, 59

diversitiesAn underlying oneness amidst all diversities – An indelible spiritual stamp, 430

Dravidian architectureAs for the objection in regard to Dravidian architecture to its massiveness, 280The way to appreciate Dravidian architecture – A tremendous unity, 278

EastReligion in relation with reason and life – Divergence between the East and the West,

138The gulf between East and West, India and Europe is less profound, 69

economic aimIf we take over for instance European industrialism – The economic aim in life, 46

economicsPolitics, society, economics are the natural field of interest and hedonistic desire, 397The ethical law coloured the political and economic, 406

economismIndia alone has till now refused rationalism, commercialism and economism, 65

economyPolitics, society, economy – The spiritual aim, 36

educationThe people had their share too in art and poetry, education, 248

6

egoThe powers of the natural ego have to be accepted and put in order, 161

empireA military and administrative centralised empire could not effect India's living unity,

443In the Ramayana we have an idealised picture of such a settled universal empire, 435The idea of empire and even of world-empire was not absent – The Indian world, 427The Mahabharata is the record of an attempt to establish such an empire, 435They evolved the ideal of the Chakravarti, a uniting imperial rule, 434

ethicsAntinomianism seeks to annul ethics also, for an exultant freedom of the vital play,

141Ethics in the spiritual point of view is a means of developing the diviner self in us, 35

EuropeAnd modern Europe secularised and rationalised too the ethical demand, 140Elements stigmatised as an ascetic pessimism by the vitalistic thought of Europe, 129Europe itself is labouring to outgrow the limitations of its own conceptions, 37Europe, it would seem, must go through the life and the reason, 138It is this error of its mechanical method which is the weakness of Europe, 400Modern Europe separated religion from life, 140Since some centuries Europe has become material, predatory, aggressive, 58The conflict between Asia and Europe – Its cultural and spiritual aspect, 57The consequence of the difference of standpoint between India and Europe, 73The distinguishing advantages of the political and social effort of Europe, 399The European conception of life – A Life in the material universe, 153The idea of European unity – Still an ineffective phantasm, 428The increasing infiltration of India's spiritual thought into Europe and America, 62The peoples of Europe are nations very sharply divided from each other, 428The religious thinking of Europe is accustomed to rigid impoverishing definitions, 191Whether Europe is taking the only, the complete or the best way, 236

European artThe intuition of the European artist – The appeal is to the outward soul, 266The mental, vital and physical stress of the art of Europe, 312This turn is visible in European art, poetry and general literature, 71

European civilisationEuropean and Indian civilisation at their best have only been half achievements, 85The formula of European civilisation – A rational and utilitarian culture, 67

European cultureA criticism on the type of European culture, 235

European mindEuropean mind finds itself unable to make out what Hindu religion is, 179The average European mind is more interested in the egoistic or self-asserting will, 252The European mind gives the first place to the principle of growth by struggle, 92The European temperament is intellectual, vital, emotional and imaginative, 293The normal European mind – The cult of practical reason and the cult of life, 137

European painting

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In Europe – A revelation of the glory and beauty of the sensuous appeal of life, 306European philosophy

The contact of European philosophy has not been fruitful of any creative reaction, 26fathers

The ancient human fathers founded a great and profound civilisation in India, 203four orders

The four orders grew into a fixed social hierarchy, 410The stable socio-religious system of the four orders, 409

four typesThe ancient Indian idea was that man falls by his nature into four types, 170The economic order of society was cast in the form and gradation of these four types,

171freedom of thought

A constant tradition of liberty of religious practice and complete freedom of thought, 188

futureThe future has to go on to a greater and more perfect comprehensive development, 235

general assemblyThe general assembly – The whole country outside the metropolis, 415

German metaphysicsThe larger part of German metaphysics is an intellectual development, 330

gloomAs for the objection in regard to Dravidian architecture to its massiveness, 281

gnomic verseThe gnomic verse – Another kind of writing, 364

GnosticismThe ideas of the Upanishads – In Pythagoras, Plato, Neo-platonism and Gnosticism,

330godheads

An extension of the psychic significance of the godheads in the Cosmos, 201An inner meaning – The godheads are names of the one nameless Ineffable, 202The Vedic Rishis gave a psychic function to the godheads worshipped by the people,

200gods

The gods are living aspects of the one Infinite – The image is a physical symbol, 146The gods as powers, names and personalities of the one Godhead, 194

goodWhatever helps me to find myself is good, 47

GreeceAn ancient Greek was much nearer to the Indian mind, 106

Greek AphroditeA comparison between a feminine Indian figure and a Greek Aphrodite, 262

Greek sculptureThe spirit of this greatness – At opposite pole of Hellenic creation in stone, 288

group-soulThe group-soul – A more difficult problem, aloofness being no longer possible, 50

8

GurusFinally, order was secured by the succession of Gurus or spiritual teachers, 189

heavenThis is the foundation of the Christian system of an eternal heaven and hell, 220

hellThis is the foundation of the Christian system of an eternal heaven and hell, 220

Hellenic idealThe Hellenic ideal – An idealising imitation of external Nature, 288

Hindu religionEuropean mind finds itself unable to make out what Hindu religion is, 179It has been asserted that there is no such thing as a Hindu religion, 180No Hindu religion without as its support a clear philosophic content and suggestion,

369Hinduism

Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism have had the strongest effective force in ethics, 148Four elements constitute Hinduism – Not merely a religio-social system, 182Hinduism admits relative standards, a wisdom too hard for the European intelligence,

149Hinduism fulfilled this purpose – A tradition of the Godward endeavour, 179The fundamental character of the rites, ceremonies, system of cult and worship, 147The Hindu is comparatively free from the grosser Western vices, 137The inner principle of Hinduism has been synthetic, acquisitive, inclusive, 133The total irrationality of Hinduism is the main theme of the attack, 134

humanityThe importance of the spiritual ideal for India and for humanity, 74

idealThere is always a great gulf between the ideal and the actual practice of life, 234

idealsBut there are the exaggerations and deflections that all ideals undergo, 131

idolatryIndian image-worship is not the idolatry of a barbaric or undeveloped mind, 192

illusionismAfterwards there came the lofty illusionism of Shankara, 127Asceticism and illusionism are minor issues – The question, 132Even illusionism preached, not a gospel of sorrow, but the final unreality, 130

IllusionismBuddhistic and illusionist denial of life is only one side of its philosophic tendency, 10Even Buddhism and Illusionism – That man must develop himself, 239

imitationA certain amount of acceptance, of forms too, some imitation, is inevitable, 45

impersonalThe impersonal – That carries the person to his largest greatness and power, 254

impersonalityThe personages – An impersonality that raises the play of their personality, 352

impressionism

9

The farthest he has got in the direction of a more subjective spirit is an impressionism, 305

IndiaA difference between the ancient polity of India and that of European peoples, 398A living and moving, not a rigid continuity – The inner religious mind of India, 189A military and administrative centralised empire could not effect India's living unity,

443A scientific research with signal success in India of ancient times, 123A swift transformation scene like in Japan – Out of the question for India, 18A widest and highest spiritualising of life on earth – The future of India, 212All Asia has always had the spiritual tendency – India is the quintessence, 58All great movements of life in India have begun with a new spiritual thought, 24An anglicised India is a thing we can no longer view as either possible or desirable, 19Asia or at any rate India lives naturally by a spiritual influx from above, 138Either India will be rationalised and industrialised or she will be the leader, 65How India can best develop herself and serve humanity, 38If ancient India would perish – A diminution of the world's riches, 73If we are to live at all, we must resume India's great interrupted endeavour, 91In India – No intellectually idealistic political progress or revolutionary experiment,

402In India at a very early time the spiritual and cultural unity was made complete, 428In many directions India had the priority of discovery, 123In what field indeed has not India attempted, achieved, created?, 244India alone has till now refused rationalism, commercialism and economism, 65India can only survive with fresh diviner creations of her own spirit, 43India contains a supreme reconciliation of the eternal and the temporal, 60India has lived and lived greatly, 242India has lived greatly, but with a different will in life from Europe, 153India has lived much, but has not sat down to record the history of her life, 249India has never shared in the physical attacks of Asia upon Europe, 58India has to get back entirely to the native power of her spirit at its very deepest, 22India is the Bharata Shakti, the living energy of a great spiritual conception, 57India lives and has still something to do for herself and the human peoples, 444India must affirm her own deeper truths – The only hope for mankind, 93India of the ages is not dead nor has she spoken her last creative word, 444India recognised the need of variety of spiritual experience and knowledge, 187India still lives and keeps the continuity of her inner mind and soul and spirit, 431India will certainly keep her essential spirit, her soul – But a great change of the body,

5India's central conception is that of the Spirit here incased in matter and evolving, 56It is for her now to recover herself, defend her cultural existence, 58It is perhaps for a future India – To reconcile life and the spirit, 398Not whether India is civilised, but whether the spirit is to take the lead, 66Spiritual and religious ferment and activity – A prominent feature of the new India, 26Still some strong basis of the old knowledge remained to keep alive the soul of India,

177

10

That organisation failed to serve for the national and political unification of India, 425The age of the Dharma – The second long epoch of India's greatness, 13The ancient spiritual knowledge and the spiritual tendency were saved in India, 205The assertion that India has failed in life – A turning away from life to asceticism, 384The consequence of the difference of standpoint between India and Europe, 73The danger is that a rationalised and Westernised India might emerge, 73The distinct value of India’s civilisation – Her founding of life upon this conception,

57The dominant idea in India – The social life as an expression of man's true self, 397The first age of India's greatness was a spiritual age, 13The idea and plan of the life of India have been peculiar to her temperament, 153The importance of the spiritual ideal for India and for humanity, 74The increasing infiltration of India's spiritual thought into Europe and America, 62The Indian view of life – A challenge to develop a spiritual modernism, 108The inwardness of the difference between the West and India, 122The secret of the difficulty in the problem of unifying ancient India, 431There are plenty of Indians who are for a static defence – No effective value, 75There has been a certain infiltration of Indian and Eastern thought and influence, 69What India means to make of her own life – Importance to herself and the word, 3What made the reawakening of India necessary, 4What was this ancient spirit and characteristic soul of India?, 5Where does India actually stand in this critical hour of her necessity, 60Whether it is not the right thing for India, not to imitate Europe, 237

Indian architectureAn Indian temple – The divine Self, the Cosmic Spirit, the Infinite as a conception, 273Architecture, sculpture, and painting – An appeal to the spirit through the eye, 270Indian architecture – The temples and other sacred buildings, 272The first truth of Indian architecture and its significance, 274

Indian artAll Indian art is a throwing out of a certain profound self-vision, 301Ancient Indian art – An intuitive and spiritual art, 267Art in India – A suggestion of the spiritual and the infinite, 206Indian art is identical in its spiritual aim and principle with the rest of Indian culture,

268Of such original creation we may cite the new Indian art as a striking example, 22The attitude of the natural European mind to the great works of Indian art, 264The constant oneness and continuity of all Indian art in its essential spirit, 301The right way to look at an Indian work of art – The spirit carries the form, 271The spiritual character of Indian art – A hieratic aesthetic script, 269The subtle, less forcefully tangible spiritual stress of the art of India, 312Then – The true cultural significance of Indian aesthetic creation, 255Where begins the difference between great European and great Indian work, 266

Indian artsA Western criticism of Indian fine arts – Architecture, sculpture and painting, 255

Indian civilisationEuropean and Indian civilisation at their best have only been half achievements, 85

11

How stands Indian civilisation with regard to this yet unrealised future of the race?, 80In Indian civilisation philosophy and religion have led – Not sacerdotalism, 107In the great days of Indian civilisation we find an admirable political system, 423Indian civilisation has been as great as any other of the historic civilisations, 79Indian civilisation in the first rank in the three great arts, 313Indian civilisation must be recognised as the fruit of a great culture, 69Indian civilisation passed through all these stages, 169Judged by the power of its ideas, Indian civilisation was inferior to none, 167Our critic denies the practical life-value of Indian civilisation, 121That which is claimed for the Indian mind and its civilisation is a high spirituality, 108The larger statement of our culture and civilisation that we have now to achieve, 93The need for the continuance of a distinctive Indian civilisation in the future, 72The power of its conception of life – There is nothing here to discourage life, 167The socio-political evolution of Indian civilisation – Four historical stages, 407The spirit and ideals of our civilisation need no defence, 91

Indian cultureAncient India did not err when it traced back all its culture to these seer-poets, 327Failure and temporary eclipse raised as an objection to the value of Indian culture, 119Indian culture – Stamping religion with the essential ideal of a real spirituality, 185Indian culture – The double system of the four Varnas and the four Asramas, 170Indian culture has worked by two coordinated operations, 216Indian culture never depressed or mutilated the activities of our nature, 160Indian culture proceeded on the principle of a concert, 92Indian culture recognises the spirit as the truth of our being, 214Indian culture reconciling spirit and reason and the whole psychological nature, 115Nor was the life of India ascetic, gloomy or sad, 248Saying that Indian culture denies all value to life, 125The attack against Indian culture – The culture in its practical effects, 237The charge against Indian culture in its practical effects can be dismissed, 242The charge brought against Indian culture as an agent of the life power, 385The dynamic formulation of Indian religious culture and the effect on life, 214The essential intention of Indian culture was extraordinarily high, 231The formal turn, the rhythmic lines of effort of the Indian culture, 215The greatness and fineness of this ancient Indian culture, 353The ideas of an average and typical occidental mind on Indian culture, 105The Indian conception of life – The innermost sense of Indian culture, 155The Indian culture even tried to turn the whole of life towards spirituality, 178The larger statement of our culture and civilisation that we have now to achieve, 93The political, the economic and the social aspects of Indian culture – The charge, 386The sense of the religio-philosophic evolution of Indian culture, 374The spirit and aim of Indian culture – Spirituality as an element of superiority, 118The spirit of Indian culture – A message for humanity and not for India alone, 80The system of Indian culture – A science and art of life, a system of living, 232The Veda is thus the spiritual and psychological seed of Indian culture, 342There remains the damaging accusation that Indian culture depresses the vital force,

150

12

Thus was created the harmony of the ancient Indian culture, 10Whether Indian culture satisfies the tests of a progressive Life-power, 151Whether the expression by Indian culture is the best possible, 109Whether the forms of Indian culture must be preserved intact as well as the spirit, 59

Indian educationIndian education of women as well as of men was rich and comprehensive, 126

Indian literatureAfter that, there is a persistence, a continuity of the Indian mind in its literary creation,

318The aesthetic or even the hedonistic being of man – Art, literature and poetry, 227The epic literature – An intellectual and ethical thinking, a constant religious sense,

206The same turn in literature that we see in architecture, painting and sculpture, 327

Indian metaphysicsIndian metaphysics founded itself upon an inner experimental psychology, 124

Indian mindA remarkable political instinct and capacity in the cultural mind of India, 408An ancient Greek was much nearer to the Indian mind, 106An Indian mind faithful to its ideals – The real truth goes beyond reason and science,

69For the Indian mind form does not exist except as a creation of the spirit, 270For the Indian mind is not only spiritual and ethical, but intellectual and artistic, 12India – Living in the higher spiritual truth and from the inner spirit outwards, 74Life is questioned in the Indian standpoint on life – Asceticism ranges rampant, 144One result of a tendency of the Indian mind to follow each motive to its extreme point,

10Spirituality is indeed the master-key of the Indian mind, 6That which is claimed for the Indian mind and its civilisation is a high spirituality, 108The difference between the typical Western and the typical Indian mentality, 127The difficulty of the Indian mind spiritually to understand the arts of Europe, 262The Indian idea of existence is not physical, but psychological and spiritual, 155The Indian mind – A prolific abundance of the energy and joy of life and creation, 8The Indian mind – The calm, self-controlling or even the self-effacing personality, 252The Indian mind in the government of life and in the discipline of spirituality, 161The Indian mind moves on the spur of a spiritual sensitiveness and psychic curiosity,

293The Indian mind on the contrary is averse to intolerant mental exclusions, 191The Indian mind still believes that soul power is a greater thing than will-force, 254The number of great names – The significant figures born of the creative Indian mind,

251The spiritual mind of India regarded life as a manifestation of the self, 403The third movement of the Indian spiritual mind has a double impulse, 215The third power of the ancient Indian spirit was a strong intellectuality, 8The Upanishads are the supreme work of the Indian mind, 329The value of the Indian conception for life – The relations with our normal living, 158

Indian monarchy

13

Indian monarchy previous to the Mahomedan invasion, 391Indian mosques

The great mosques embody often a religious aspiration lifted to a noble austerity, 284Indian painting

Architecture, sculpture, and painting – An appeal to the spirit through the eye, 270Indian painting – A persistent tradition, a fundamental spirit and turn, 298Indian painting – An appeal through the physical and psychical to a spiritual vision,

304Our sculpture and painting in the light of its own intention and greatness of spirit, 286Painting, the last of the arts in the decline has also been the first to rise again, 313The history of Indian painting – On a par with the architecture and sculpture, 299The Indian artist – The psychic lines and the psychic hues proper to the vision, 306

Indian peopleIn ancient Hindu times the people had their share of political life and power, 247The people had their share too in art and poetry, education, 248

Indian philosophySaying that Indian philosophy has led away from the study of nature, 123The charge made against the effective value of Indian philosophy, 122The life-value of Indian philosophy – Bound up with the life-value of Indian religion,

133Indian politics

The reconstruction of Indian society and politics on a spiritual foundation, 434Indian polity

Indian polity and even institutions were of India's own kind, 386The Indian polity – A very complex communal freedom and self-determination, 405The legend of Indian political incompetence – A strong democratic element, 386

Indian portraitThe reason of the differences – The highest type of the Indian portrait, 311

Indian religionIn Indian religion – A continuous development of its organic life, 207Indian religion – A higher standard, but all beings are sure of an eventual salvation,

220Indian religion created ceremony and ritual and strict outward rule and injunction, 221Indian religion is founded upon three basic ideas or rather three fundamentals, 193Indian religion is Indian spiritual philosophy put into action and experience, 133Indian religion throughout the stages – Two perceptions, 216Indian thought and religion at present towards the synthesis of spirituality and life, 240The form of Indian religion has undergone remarkable changes, 198The fundamental idea of all Indian religion – A living spiritual Truth, 182The fundamental ideas of Indian religion – A new and universal religious mentality,

116The life-value of Indian philosophy – Bound up with the life-value of Indian religion,

133The one Godhead is worshipped as the All – But Indian religion is not pantheism, 192This complete understanding has given religion in India its durable security, 225

Indian renaissance

14

Indian renaissance – Three lines to measure its help to the future of humanity, 15Out of this awakening vision and impulse the Indian renaissance is arising, 15The renaissance must insist much more on its spiritual turn, 32The work to make the higher view of life a creative power in the world, 16Three results of value and indeed indispensable to a powerful renaissance, 19Three steps in the process which has led up to the renaissance, 17What it is we mean by a renaissance governed by the principle of spirituality, 33

Indian revivalIn the outward life – The modern Indian revival is only a repetition, 247

Indian scienceIndian science came abruptly to a halt somewhere about the thirteenth century, 124

Indian sculptureArchitecture, sculpture, and painting – An appeal to the spirit through the eye, 270In the renascence that is coming it may be that this great art too will revive, 297Indian sculpture, Indian art in general follows its own ideal and traditions, 297Our sculpture and painting in the light of its own intention and greatness of spirit, 286The gods of Indian sculpture are cosmic beings, embodiments, 290The Indian sculptor – Embodying spiritual experiences and impressions, 293The Indian sculptor sees the psychic line and turn of things, 294The objections made to the spirit and style of Indian sculpture, 292The sculpture of ancient and mediaeval India – The very highest levels, 286This sculpture like the architecture springs from spiritual realisation, 289

Indian societyIndian society – A deepening of the intensities of psycho-religious experience, 206Indian society is in a still more chaotic stage – The necessity of a renovation, 30The reconstruction of Indian society and politics on a spiritual foundation, 434

Indian spiritualityAlready we find in their seed the most characteristic ideas of Indian spirituality, 203Indian spirituality has been a high effort of the human spirit, 132Indian spirituality tended to a spiritual exclusiveness loftier in vision, 197The work that was done in this period became the firm bedrock of Indian spirituality,

204This endeavour has manifested itself in the evolution of Indian spirituality, 211

Indian thoughtAn exaggeration in the direction of negating life – Not the whole of Indian thought,

239Indian writing

Its perfection and power as an expression of the cultural mind of the people, 316The difficulty to appreciate Indian writing – A quite different spirit behind, 316

Indo-Moslem architectureA word too may be said about Indo-Moslem architecture, 282

Indo-Persian paintingThe Indo-Persian style – Still the transforming touch of the Indian mind, 313

industrialismEither India will be rationalised and industrialised or she will be the leader, 65If we take over for instance European industrialism – The economic aim in life, 46

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intellectThe intellect has become too detached and too critically observant, 364

intellectualismAn overdeveloped intellectualism has always been the forerunner of a decadence, 364

intuition in artAll great artistic work proceeds from an act of intuition, 266Intuition in art cannot proceed as in science – Different kinds of intuition in art, 259The poet and artist cannot proceed precisely as the scientist or philosopher, 259

intuitionsIntuitions without basis in any intellectual process or contradicting one another, 258

ItihasaThe Itihasa was an ancient historical or legendary tradition turned to creative use, 345

ItihasasThe Mahabharata and Ramayana are Itihasas of this kind on a large scale, 345

JainismBuddhism, Jainism, Hinduism have had the strongest effective force in ethics, 148

JapanA swift transformation scene like in Japan – Out of the question for India, 18

Japanese artThe Japanese – These things apart where they can look at them in a treasured secrecy,

272joint family

The joint family – Another kind of self-governing body, 420Kali Yuga

Last, Kali Yuga – A period of anarchy and conflict and dissolution of the dharma, 404Kalidasa

Its acme of perfection in the poetry of Kalidasa – Among the supreme poetic artists, 358

Poetry - The great representative poet of this age is Kalidasa, 356The art of poetic speech in Kalidasa's period – An extraordinary perfection, 357The Sanskrit drama type – Kalidasa, Bhasa, Bhavabhuti, 365The speech of Kalidasa is an accomplished art, an intellectual and aesthetic creation,

354king

He had a control in his Council of foreign policy, military administration and war, 394In administration – The power of the king was hedged in by the Dharma, 394Manu even lays it down that an unjust and oppressive king should be killed, 395Obedience ceased – If the king ceased to be faithful executor of the Dharma, 395The king had not the power of direct legislation – The will of the people, 392The king in the civil and criminal law – His role was that of the executor, 394The king was only the guardian, executor and servant of the Dharma, 392

KingThe King in his ministerial council representing the whole community, 412

kingshipThe removal of the king – A kingship moderate, efficient and beneficent, 395

Krishna

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The desire of the soul for God – The lyrical love cycle of Radha and Krishna, 379Kshatriya

Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra – In practice, birth became the basis, 170liberation

Spiritual liberation was pursued in hostility to life and not as its full-orbed result, 177life

In a narrower sense life is sometimes spoken of as the more external vital action, 242Life is surely nothing but the creation and active self-expression of man's spirit, 242Life may be very active for a small and privileged part of the community, 243Mere living – But if life is not uplifted, the community does not really live, 243What is meant after all by life and when is it that we most fully and greatly live?, 242

literatureA people's art, poetry, literature – Its intuition, imagination, vital turn, intelligence, 107This turn is visible in European art, poetry and general literature, 72Where lies the greatness of a literature, 314

MadhwaNo decline but a continued vigour – Shankara, Ramanuja and Madhwa, 369

MaghaThe literary epics of Bharavi and Magha reveal the beginning of the decline, 362

MahabharataThe characteristic diction of the Mahabharata is almost austerely masculine, 351The Mahabharata – The epic of the soul and mind and culture and life of India, 347The Mahabharata and Ramayana – Instruments of popular education and culture, 346The Mahabharata and Ramayana are Itihasas of this kind on a large scale, 345The Mahabharata and the Ramayana – Two epics not like any other, 344The Mahabharata is the record of an attempt to establish such an empire, 435

manMan in the Indian idea is a spirit moving to self-discovery, capable of Godhead, 156

mankindIndia must affirm her own deeper truths – The only hope for mankind, 93Mankind is still no more than semi-civilised, 234

materialismPhilosophy and thought – A sharp curve away from rationalistic materialism, 70

mediaeval EuropeanThe mediaeval European resembled in many characteristic ways, 106

Mediaeval IndiaThe ancient and mediaeval life of India – Life in all its fullness, 243

mediaevalismA cult and belief antiquated and mediaeval – Filling with religion the whole of life,

146metaphysical thinking

Metaphysical thinking has been an intellectual approach to spiritual realisation, 23metropolitan civic assembly

The metropolitan civic assembly sat constantly in the capital town, 415ministers

The members of the Council and the ministers were drawn from all orders, 412

17

The ministers in council could and did often proceed to the deposition of a monarch, 413

modernismThe Western civilisation is proud of its successful modernism, 81

Mogul schoolThe Mogul school is not an exotic – There is rather a blending of two mentalities, 313

monarchyIn India as elsewhere it was the monarchical state that grew and finally held the field,

391monotheism

To the logical European mind monotheism, polytheism, pantheism are irreconcilable, 147

moralityMorality is for the Western mind mostly a thing of outward conduct, 149Morality is in the ordinary view a well-regulated individual and social conduct, 35

MussulmansThe problem by the Mussulman conquest – The struggle between two civilisations,

442The vast mass of the Mussulmans in the country were and are Indians by race, 441

MysteriesIn all or most there was a surface cult and an inner secret of the Mysteries, 200The way to call down this aid was the secret of the Vedic mystics – The Mysteries, 202

mythImage and myth were freely used as living parables and symbols, 320

nationEach nation is a Shakti and lives by the principle which it embodies, 57The nation which lived by this culture will lose its soul and perish, 57The remedy is to make the life of the nation a religion in a high spiritual sense, 39

nationalismAnother political spirit has awakened in the people vehemently national in its motive,

30Neo-platonism

The ideas of the Upanishads – In Pythagoras, Plato, Neo-platonism and Gnosticism, 330

new creationHere too the policy of new creation imposes itself as the true and only effective way,

76Nirvana

But the Buddhist Nirvana is a state of ineffable calm and joy, open not only to a few, 130

occidental mindThe typical occidental mind has grown into the mould of the vitalistic rational idea,

109outcastes

The courage to admit the errors of our culture – The treatment of our outcastes, 89Paganism

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The charge of Paganism – A superstition full of performances of piety, 136painting

Painting is naturally the most sensuous of the arts – A subtle spiritual emotion, 302Sculpture and painting – The different kind of mentality required by the two arts, 287The first primitive object of the art of painting is to illustrate life and Nature, 306The painter lavishes his soul in colour and there is a liquidity in the form, 302

pantheismThe one Godhead is worshipped as the All – But Indian religion is not pantheism, 192To the logical European mind monotheism, polytheism, pantheism are irreconcilable,

147people

The obedience owed by the people was due to the Law, the Dharma, 414The traditional indifference of the common people to a change of rulers, 438

Persian mindThe Persian psychicality is redolent of the magic of the middle worlds, 313

pessimismPessimism is not peculiar to the Indian mind – It is not its sole note, 129

philosophic songPhilosophic song – Philosophic thought and poetic beauty, 370

philosophyA people's philosophy – Mind's purest, largest and most general formulation, 107The constant unity between philosophy, religion and Yoga, 371The work of these philosophers at the same time Yogins saved the soul of India, 371

PhilosophyPhilosophy – Its real value is to prepare a basis for spiritual realisation, 36Philosophy and thought – A sharp curve away from rationalistic materialism, 70

physical onenessPhysical oneness at first will probably accentuate rather than diminish conflict, 64

physical SciencePhysical Science had not then arrived at the great universal generalisations, 124

PlatoThe ideas of the Upanishads – In Pythagoras, Plato, Neo-platonism and Gnosticism,

330poetry

A people's art, poetry, literature – Its intuition, imagination, vital turn, intelligence, 107Art and poetry – A revelation of the deepest spiritual and universal beauty, 36The mantra and the sacred poet – The interpretation by those who came after, 320The people had their share too in art and poetry, education, 248This turn is visible in European art, poetry and general literature, 71

political systemAn admirable political system for stability and effective administration, 425The political system of a society has to be judged by two criteria, 425

politicsA people's society and politics provide in their forms an outward frame, 107Politics, society, economics are the natural field of interest and hedonistic desire, 397Politics, society, economy – The spiritual aim, 36

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The effort at governing political action by ethics is usually little more than a pretence, 397

The ethical law coloured the political and economic, 406polytheism

Indian polytheism is not the popular polytheism of ancient Europe, 192To the logical European mind monotheism, polytheism, pantheism are irreconcilable,

147progress

Progress admittedly does not march on securely in a straight line, 81The complete and integral value of a culture – The true sense of progress, 385The very idea of progress is an illusion to some minds – An uneven progress, 80

psychical sciencesPhysical knowledge and new and old psychical sciences and results, 36

psychologyIndian psychology – Justified by all the latest psychological discoveries, 116

PuranaThe religious writings, Purana and Tantra – Simplicity and directness, 355The stream of religious poetry flows separately in Purana and Tantra, 356

PuranasThe philosophical writings and the religious poetry of the Puranas and Tantras, 369The Puranas and Tantras contain the highest spiritual and philosophical truths, 374The Puranas are essentially a true religious poetry, 375The Puranas are the religious poetry peculiar to this period, 372The Puranas carried forward the appeal to the intellect and imagination, 373

Puranic religionThe psycho-spiritual inner life of Puranic and Tantric religion and Yoga, 209

Puranic religionsThe Puranic religions – A new form and extension of the truth of the ancient culture,

372Purano-Tantric culture

The Purano-Tantric was the second stage, 215Pythagoras

The ideas of the Upanishads – In Pythagoras, Plato, Neo-platonism and Gnosticism, 330

RabindranathThe work of Rabindranath still largely holds the present – Ways for the future, 29

RadhaThe desire of the soul for God – The lyrical love cycle of Radha and Krishna, 379

RamakrishnaRamakrishna and Vivekananda – A very wide synthesis of past spiritual experience, 25

RamanujaNo decline but a continued vigour – Shankara, Ramanuja and Madhwa, 369

RamayanaIn the Ramayana we have an idealised picture of such a settled universal empire, 435The diction of the Ramayana is shaped in a more attractive mould, 351The Mahabharata and Ramayana – Instruments of popular education and culture, 346

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The Mahabharata and Ramayana are Itihasas of this kind on a large scale, 345The Mahabharata and the Ramayana – Two epics not like any other, 344The Ramayana – The ethical and the aesthetic mind of India have fused, 349

rationalismEither India will be rationalised and industrialised or she will be the leader, 65India alone has till now refused rationalism, commercialism and economism, 65It was the rationalising of the occidental mind which made the gulf so wide, 106The formula of European civilisation – A rational and utilitarian culture, 67

reincarnationA gradual spiritual progress and evolution – The truth of reincarnation, 159The doctrine of reincarnation enormously enhances the value of effort and action, 128

relative standardsHinduism admits relative standards, a wisdom too hard for the European intelligence,

149religion

A constant tradition of liberty of religious practice and complete freedom of thought, 188

A people's religion – Its upward will and the soul's aspirations, 107A total difference of outlook on religion – The fixed intellectual belief, 180Hinduism is in the first place a non-dogmatic inclusive religion, 147In the West, the religious spirit was rationalised, secularised and almost annihilated,

140Indian culture – Stamping religion with the essential ideal of a real spirituality, 185Religion – Kept within the bounds of the practical reason and an earthly intelligence,

142Religion is the first native, if imperfect form of the spiritual impulse, 178Religion must address its appeal to the whole of our being, 147Religion must take too each man where he stands and spiritualise him, 147Religion was left aside, an impoverished system of belief and ceremony, 141The most prejudicial charge that can be brought against any religion, 137The religious thinking of Europe is accustomed to rigid impoverishing definitions, 191The remedy is to make the life of the nation a religion in a high spiritual sense, 39The task of religion and spirituality is to mediate between God and man, 196To the Indian mind the least important part of religion is its dogma, 180

religionsA feature essential to the right understanding of almost all the ancient religions, 200All religions are true in their own way and degree – The paths to the One Eternal, 181In most other religious systems, a standard imperative on all – Only a few can comply,

220religiosity

On one side an excessive religiosity – On the other a too world-shunning asceticism, 39

religious communityThe religious community – The struggle between Church and State is absent, 420

religious cultThe variety of religious cult – Truths of an intermediate supraphysical existence, 195

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religious cultureA sign of a superior religious culture – A perfect liberty of thought and of worship, 186

religious intoleranceReligious liberties – Normally no place for religious oppression and intolerance, 393

religious libertiesReligious liberties – Normally no place for religious oppression and intolerance, 392

religious mouldLife cast in a religious mould – The influence of a religious conception of life, 218

RenaissanceThat depends a good deal on what we mean by the word Renaissance, 3

Renaissance in IndiaA first question – Whether at all there is really a Renaissance in India, 3

renascence in IndiaTo judge the possibilities of the renascence and the scope that it may take, 12

revolutionIn India – No intellectually idealistic political progress or revolutionary experiment,

402Rishi

A peculiar figure was the Rishi – The Dharma with a spiritual significance, 388sacerdotalism

Brahminical civilisation cannot truly imply any domination of sacerdotalism, 107sacrifice

An outward foundation on the mind of the physical man – A physical sacrifice, 199Samrat

The Swarat, independent, self-possessed and self-ruler, can most be the Samrat, 49Sanskrit

Sanskrit – One of the most perfect and wonderfully sufficient literary instruments, 314Sanskrit, although not devoid of popular elements, is essentially an aristocratic speech,

377The ancient and classical creations of the Sanskrit tongue – In the front ramk, 314The classical Sanskrit – An artistic and highly cultured type of poetic creation, 357The great classical age of Sanskrit culture was the flowering of this intellectuality, 13

Sanskrit dramaIt is an art that was produced by and appealed to a highly cultured class, 366The Sanskrit drama type – Kalidasa, Bhasa, Bhavabhuti, 365

ScienceEven Science – Conclusions which only repeat truths of the Veda and Vedanta, 71Science – A knowledge of the world which throws an added light on the spirit, 36Scientific thought repeating very ancient Indian generalisations, 116The larger generalisations of Science – Formulas already discovered, 331

sculptureEgypt, Greece, India take the premier rank in this kind of creation, 287The sculptor must express always in static form – Eternity seizes hold of time, 302The sculptural art is static, self-contained, necessarily firm, noble or severe, 287

secularismBy an inevitable process we reach the atheistic or agnostic cult of secularism, 142

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The tendency to secularism is a necessary consequence of the cult of life and reason, 140

self-determinationA complex system of self-determined and self-governing communal bodies, 422The principle of an organically self-determining communal life, 408

ShakespeareThe Indian vision of the world and existence was vaster and fuller than Shakespeare's,

279Shankara

Afterwards there came the lofty illusionism of Shankara, 127No decline but a continued vigour – Shankara, Ramanuja and Madhwa, 369The philosophy of Shankara, his theory of Maya – A powerful imprint, 240

ShastraHer third period elaborated into detail the first simpler formulation of the Shastra, 9The Dharma fixed in the Shastra is the right thing to observe, the true rule of action,

226The Shastra – Any systematised teaching and science for each department of life, 224

ShudraBrahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra – In practice, birth became the basis, 170

social DharmaThe function of the political sovereign and of society – The social Dharma, 405

social lifeThe social life free from autocratic interference – The change from within, 393

societyA people's society and politics provide in their forms an outward frame, 107Politics, society, economics are the natural field of interest and hedonistic desire, 397Politics, society, economy – The spiritual aim, 36Society became more artificial and complex, less free and noble, 176The function of society – The right satisfaction of the vital, economic and other needs,

404The life of the society – A cycle of birth, growth, youth, ripeness and decline, 396The life of the society as a great framework and training ground, 406

soul powerThe Indian mind still believes that soul power is a greater thing than will-force, 254

sovereignThe sovereign was the guardian and administrator of the Dharma, 404

spiritual cultureA different sense and direction to all the aims of human life – Spiritual culture, 36A spiritual culture must recognise that all is manifestation and creation of the Spirit,

197Its aim must be to draw all men and all life and the whole human being upward, 197The characteristic sign of a spiritual culture – The living of an inmost spiritual life, 197The sign of an age-long, a real and a still living and supremely spiritual culture, 186What we mean by a spiritual culture and the application of spirituality to life, 37

spiritualityAn occidental idea of spirituality – The opposition of the standpoints, 122

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But the root of the matter was the dwindling of the spiritual impulse in its broadness, 39

First – The preparation of the natural external man for spirituality, 211On spirituality in art and poetry or in political and social life, 32Religion is the first native, if imperfect form of the spiritual impulse, 178Spirituality – As of a lofty intelligence, rational will, limited beauty and moral good,

142Spirituality as a high effort of the emotions, will and reason, towards the finite, 121Spirituality can be and in its fullness must be all-inclusive, 34Spirituality must not belittle the mind, life or body or hold them of small account, 34The difficulty to bring home the spiritual consciousness to the natural man, 196The ideas and the instruments which this spirituality will take to deal with, 26The importance of the spiritual ideal for India and for humanity, 74The Indian culture even tried to turn the whole of life towards spirituality, 178The Indian view of life – A challenge to develop a spiritual modernism, 108The spirit and aim of Indian culture – Spirituality as an element of superiority, 118The spiritual aim demanded a pervadingly religio-philosophic culture, 178The spiritual idea governed, enlightened all the other life-motives, 166The spiritual urge – A most powerful force for the development of the human whole,

313The task of religion and spirituality is to mediate between God and man, 196The West mistakes for spirituality a preference for living in the mind and emotions,

196What it is we mean by a renaissance governed by the principle of spirituality, 33What true spirituality means – Why we have failed in life and gone under, 38What we mean by a spiritual culture and the application of spirituality to life, 37When does spirituality flourish best – The Indian spiritual thought, 10Whether the spiritual view of life – The best lead to mankind, 109

StateA State, a sovereign power has to be superimposed to see that the Dharma is observed,

404The deadly tendency to develop, in place of a living people, a mechanical State, 400The State was an instrument of coordination and of a general control, 405

State religionThere was no exclusive State religion and the monarch was not the religious head, 393

struggleOther cultures are led by a different conception – The principle of struggle, 57The European mind gives the first place to the principle of growth by struggle, 92The law of struggle is the first law of existence in the material universe, 57The old struggle of Deva and Asura, represented in the terms of human life, 348The principle of struggle, conflict and competition still governs – No real concert, 63What now appears as a struggle may well be the first necessary step, 93

SufismSufism only repeats the Upanishads in another religious language, 330

SutrasThe Sutras or aphorisms became the basis of ratiocinative commentaries, 343

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SwaratThe Swarat, independent, self-possessed and self-ruler, can most be the Samrat, 49

TagoreThe works of Bankim Chandra Chatterji and Tagore illustrate this transition, 21

TajThe Taj is the eternal dream of a love that survives death, 284

TantraIn the Tantra – A complete psycho-spiritual and psycho-physical science of Yoga, 376The religious writings, Purana and Tantra – Simplicity and directness, 355The stream of religious poetry flows separately in Purana and Tantra, 356

TantrasIn the Tantras – An immense and complex body of psycho-spiritual experience, 374The philosophical writings and the religious poetry of the Puranas and Tantras, 369The Puranas and Tantras contain the highest spiritual and philosophical truths, 374

Tantric religionThe psycho-spiritual inner life of Puranic and Tantric religion and Yoga, 209

terrorAs for the objection in regard to Dravidian architecture to its massiveness, 281

TheismA vague abstraction of spiritual existence – Theism or a rationalised Christianity, 141

TintorettoSome of the most famed pieces of Tintoretto – A failure of spiritual sympathy, 263

townshipThe townships were also autonomous and self-governing bodies, 419The village community and the township – An organic life of their own, 419

unityA conscious spiritual and cultural unity – The indispensable condition for unity, 430The spiritual and cultural is the only enduring unity, 430

UpanishadsThe early Vedic religion and the Upanishads did not deny life, 240The ideas of the Upanishads – In Pythagoras, Plato, Neo-platonism and Gnosticism,

330The metrical forms of the Upanishads are made up of four half lines each clearly cut,

334The metrical Upanishads – Beyond the symbolism to the overt expression, 338The Upanishads – A free transcendent and cosmic vision and experience, 373The Upanishads – The creation of a revelatory and intuitive mind, 333The Upanishads are not a revolutionary departure from the Vedic mind, 334The Upanishads are the supreme work of the Indian mind, 329The Upanishads are Vedanta – In a higher degree even than the Vedas, 331The Upanishads is the expression of the truth of highest spiritual knowledge, 342The Upanishads, a large crowning outcome of the Vedic discipline and experience, 203The Upanishads, source of profound philosophies and religions – Science, 330The Vedas and the Upanishads as the fountain-head of all Indian culture, 341

utilitarianismThe formula of European civilisation – A rational and utilitarian culture, 67

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VaishnavasThe poetry of the Vaishnavas – The turning of all the human emotions Godward, 378

VaishyaBrahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra – In practice, birth became the basis, 170

ValmikiThe work of Valmiki – An agent in the moulding of the cultural mind of India, 350

VarnaBut birth is not and cannot be the sole test of Varna, 172In practice we find that birth became the basis of the Varna, 171

VarnasIndian culture – The double system of the four Varnas and the four Asramas, 170

VedaHow its real character of the Veda can best be understood, 321Rendering it straightforwardly according to its own phrases and images, 321The Veda – To the ritualistic idea, a book of mythology and sacrificial ceremonies, 319The Veda is the creation of an early intuitive and symbolical mentality, 319The Veda is thus the spiritual and psychological seed of Indian culture, 342The Veda thus understood stands out as a sublime and powerful poetic creation, 326To those who came after them the Veda was a book of the supreme knowledge, 320

VedantaThe Upanishads are Vedanta – In a higher degree even than the Vedas, 331

Vedantic seersThe Vedantic seers renewed the Vedic truth – The saving power of spirituality, 205

VedasThe Vedas and the Upanishads as the fountain-head of all Indian culture, 341

Vedic cultureThe early Vedic was the first stage, 215

Vedic formsA gradual fading out of the prominent Vedic forms and the substitution of others, 208

Vedic godheadsAll the Vedic godheads are in their external character powers of physical Nature, 201

Vedic poetryAnother mentality than ours – The way that we must interpret the Vedic poetry, 326The character of Vedic poetry – The Word discovering the Truth, 323

Vedic religionThe early Vedic religion and the Upanishads did not deny life, 240The Vedic religion accepted also the form in which early man expressed his sense, 199The Vedic religion in its external or exoteric side, 199The Vedic religion took the natural sense and feeling of the physical man, 199

Vedic RishisThe Vedic Rishis gave a psychic function to the godheads worshipped by the people,

200Vedic scripture

The inner sense, the esoteric meaning hidden in the Vedic scripture, 200Vidyapati

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This lyrical form – Two poets who used the Bengali tongue, Vidyapati and Chandidas, 379

villageEach village was within its own limits autonomous and self-sufficient, 419The lost village community as a living unit necessary to the natural life, 434The village community and the township – An organic life of their own, 419

vitalisticElements stigmatised as an ascetic pessimism by the vitalistic thought of Europe, 129The vitalistic exaggerations are the opposite defect of Western culture, 131

VivekanandaRamakrishna and Vivekananda – A very wide synthesis of past spiritual experience, 25Vivekananda was the leading exemplar and the most powerful exponent, 22

warTo lay down one's arms in a state of war is to invite destruction, 59

WestIn the mind of the West, a war between religion, philosophy and science, 115In the West, the religious spirit was rationalised, secularised and almost annihilated,

140Religion in relation with reason and life – Divergence between the East and the West,

138The gulf between East and West, India and Europe is less profound, 69The inwardness of the difference between the West and India, 122The West has got itself pushed into nearing paths of thinking and discovery, 116The West mistakes for spirituality a preference for living in the mind and emotions,

196Western civilisation

The Western civilisation is proud of its successful modernism, 81Western civilisation has been intellectual, rational, secular and even materialistic, 205

Western cultureThe flowering of the mental and vital ego is the West's cultural ideal, 145The vitalistic exaggerations are the opposite defect of Western culture, 132

Western mindThe difference between the typical Western and the typical Indian mentality, 127The emphasis of the Western mind is on life, the outer life above all, 139The normal Western mind – To live from below upward and from out inward, 74The Western mind confronted with Indian religion, thought and culture, 143The Western mind is arrested and attracted by the form, confines the soul in the body,

270The Western mind lays an enormous stress upon force of personality, 144The Western outlook of asceticism and other-worldliness, spirituality and religion, 143The Western temperament is rajasic, kinetic, pragmatic, active, 145

Western religionWestern religion – Creed, moral code, observances and ceremonies, organisation, 191

widow remarriageThe real point is not the taking over of this or that formal detail – Widow remarriage,

47

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womenIndian education of women as well as of men was rich and comprehensive, 126Women in ancient India were not denied civic rights, 411

worldIf ancient India would perish – A diminution of the world's riches, 73The conflict of European and Asiatic culture – A peril for India and the world, 55

worldsIts primary notion was that of a hierarchy of worlds, 201

worshipOnly by penetrating into the esoteric sense of this worship can we understand, 201The fundamental character of the rites, ceremonies, system of cult and worship, 147

YogaYoga is itself nothing but a well-tested means of opening up these greater realms, 114

Yoga of bhaktiA Yoga of bhakti for the self-exceeding of the emotional, aesthetic, hedonistic man,

230Yoga of knowledge

A Yoga of knowledge for the self-exceeding of the thinking intellectual man, 230Yoga of works

A Yoga of works for the self-exceeding of the active, dynamic and ethical man, 230

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