india has some of the world

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Indiahas some of the world's mostbiodiverseregions. The political boundaries of India

encompass a wide range of ecozonesdesert, high mountains, highlands, tropical and temperateforests, swamplands, plains, grasslands, areas surrounding rivers, as well as island archipelago. It

hosts 2biodiversity hotspots: theWestern Ghats, theHimalayas. These hotspots have numerous

endemicspecies.[1]

India, for the most part, lies within theIndomalaya ecozone, with the upper reaches of the

Himalayasforming part of thePalearctic ecozone; the contours of 2000 to 2500m are consideredto be the altitudinal boundary between the Indo-Malayan and Palearctic zones. India displays

significantbiodiversity. One of eighteenmegadiverse countries, it is home to 7.6% of all

mammalian, 12.6% of allavian, 6.2% of allreptilian, 4.4% of allamphibian, 11.7% of allfish,and 6.0% of allflowering plantspecies.[2]

The region is also heavily influenced bysummer monsoonsthat cause major seasonal changes in

vegetation and habitat. India forms a large part of theIndomalayanbiogeographical zone andmany of the floral and faunal forms show Malayan affinities with only a fewtaxabeing unique

to the Indian region. The unique forms includes the snake familyUropeltidaefound only in theWestern GhatsandSri Lanka. Fossil taxa from theCretaceousshow links to theSeychellesandMadagascar chain of islands.[3]The Cretaceous fauna include reptiles, amphibians and fishes and

an extant species demonstrating thisphylogeographicallink is thePurple Frog. The separation of

India and Madagascar is traditionally estimated to have taken place about 88 million years ago.However there are suggestions that the links to Madagascar and Africa were present even at the

time when the Indian subcontinent met Eurasia. India has been suggested as a ship for the

movement of several African taxa into Asia. These taxa include five frog families (including the

Myobatrachidae), threecaecilianfamilies, alacertidlizard and freshwater snails of the familyPotamiopsidae.[4]A fossil tooth of what is believed to be of from a lemur-like primate from the

Bugti Hills of central Pakistan however has led to suggestions that the lemurs may have

originated in Asia. These fossils are however from the Oligocene (30 million years ago) and haveled to controversy.[5][6]Lemur fossils from India in the past led to theories of a lost continent

calledLemuria. This theory however was dismissed whencontinental driftandplate tectonics

became well established.

The flora and fauna of India have been studied and recorded from early times in folk traditions

and later by researchers following more formal scientific approaches (SeeNatural history inIndia). Game laws are reported from the third century BC.[7]

A little under 5% of this total area is formally classified under protected areas.

India is home to several well known large mammals including theAsian Elephant,Bengal Tiger,

Asiatic Lion,LeopardandIndian Rhinoceros. Some of these animals are engrained in culture,often being associated with deities. These large mammals are important for wildlife tourism in

India and several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries cater to these needs. The popularity of

these charismatic animals have helped greatly in conservation efforts in India. The tiger has been

particularly important andProject Tigerstarted in 1972 was a major effort to conserve the tigerand its habitats.[8]Project Elephant, though less known, started in 1992 and works for elephant

protection.[9]

Most of India's rhinos today survive in theKaziranga National Park. Other well-
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known large Indian mammals include ungulates such as theWater Buffalo,Nilgai,Gaurand

several species of deer and antelope. Some members of the dog family such as theIndian Wolf,Bengal Fox,Golden Jackaland theDholeor Wild Dogs are also widely distributed. It is also

home to theStriped Hyaena. Many smaller animals such as theMacaques,Langursand

Mongoosespecies are especially well known due to their ability to live close to or inside urban

areas.

Contents

[hide]

1 Diversity 2 Biodiversity hotspots

o 2.1 The Western Ghatso 2.2 The Eastern Himalayas

3 Extinct and fossil formso 3.1 Recent extinctions

4 Destruction of animal species 5 Species estimates 6 Threatened species

o 6.1 Threatened plant specieso 6.2 Threatened Animal species

7 Taxonomic lists and indiceso 7.1 Animals.

7.1.1 Invertebrates 7.1.2 Vertebrates

o 7.2 Plants 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External links

[edit] Diversity

There is insufficient information about the invertebrate and lower forms of India with significant

work having been done only in a few groups of insects notably the butterflies, odonates,

hymenoptera, the larger coleoptera and heteroptera. Few concerted attempts to document thebiodiversity have been made since the publication ofThe Fauna of British India, IncludingCeylon and Burmaseries.

There are about 2546 species of fishes (about 11% of the world species) found in Indian waters.

About 197 species of amphibians (4.4% of the world total) and more than 408 reptile species(6% of the world total) are found in India. Among these groups the highest levels of endemism

are found in the amphibians.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubalus_bubalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubalus_bubalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubalus_bubalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilgaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilgaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilgaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Wolfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Wolfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Wolfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_Foxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_Foxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Jackalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Jackalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Jackalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_Hyaenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_Hyaenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_Hyaenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Diversityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Diversityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Biodiversity_hotspotshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Biodiversity_hotspotshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Eastern_Himalayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Eastern_Himalayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Extinct_and_fossil_formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Extinct_and_fossil_formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Recent_extinctionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Recent_extinctionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Destruction_of_animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Destruction_of_animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Species_estimateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Species_estimateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_plant_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_plant_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_Animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_Animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Taxonomic_lists_and_indiceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Taxonomic_lists_and_indiceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Animals.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Animals.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Invertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Invertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Vertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Vertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Plantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Plantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fauna_of_British_India,_Including_Ceylon_and_Burmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Plantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Vertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Invertebrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Animals.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Taxonomic_lists_and_indiceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_Animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_plant_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Threatened_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Species_estimateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Destruction_of_animal_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Recent_extinctionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Extinct_and_fossil_formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Eastern_Himalayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#The_Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Biodiversity_hotspotshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#Diversityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_Hyaenahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dholehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Jackalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_Foxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Wolfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilgaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubalus_bubalis


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There are about 1250 species of birds from India with some variations depending on taxonomic

treatments accounting for about 12% of the world species.[10]

There are about 410 species of mammals known from India which is about 8.86% of the world

species.[11]

TheWorld Conservation Monitoring Centregives an estimate of about 15,000 species offlowering plants in India.

[edit] Biodiversity hotspots

[edit] The Western Ghats

Main article:Western Ghats

The Western Ghats are a chain of hills that run along the western edge of peninsular India. Their

proximity to the ocean and through orographic effect, they receive high rainfall. These regionshavemoist deciduous forestandrain forest. The region shows high species diversity as well ashigh levels of endemism. Nearly 77% of the amphibians and 62% of the reptile species found

here are found nowhere else.[12]

The region shows biogeographical affinities to theMalayan

region, and the Satpura hypothesis proposed bySunder Lal Horasuggests that the hill chains ofCentral India may have once formed a connection with the forests of northeastern India and into

the Indo-Malayan region. Hora used torrent stream fishes to support the theory, but it was also

suggested to hold for birds.[13]

Later studies have suggested that Hora's original model species

were a demonstration ofconvergent evolutionrather than speciation by isolation.[12]

More recentphylogeographicstudies have attempted to study the problem using molecular

approaches.[14]There are also differences in taxa which are dependent on time of divergence andgeological history.[15]Along with Sri Lanka this region also shows some faunal similarities with

the Madagascan region especially in the reptiles and amphibians. Examples include theSibynophis snakes, thePurple frogand Sri Lankan lizard genusNessiawhich appears similar tothe Madagascan genusAcontias.[16]Numerous floral links to the Madagascan region also

exist.[17]

An alternate hypothesis that these taxa may have originally evolved out-of-India has

also been suggested.[18]

Biogeographical quirks exist with some taxa of Malayan origin occurring inSri Lankabut absent

in theWestern Ghats. These include insects groups such as thezorapteraand plants such as thoseof the genusNepenthes.

[edit] The Eastern Himalayas
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Monitoring_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Monitoring_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Monitoring_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_moist_deciduous_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_moist_deciduous_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_moist_deciduous_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_montane_rain_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_montane_rain_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_montane_rain_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunder_Lal_Horahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunder_Lal_Horahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunder_Lal_Horahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogeographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogeographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogeographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acontiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acontiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorapterahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorapterahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorapterahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepentheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepentheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepentheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepentheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorapterahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acontiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nessiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogeographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunder_Lal_Horahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-RJRD-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_montane_rain_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Western_Ghats_moist_deciduous_forestshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Ghatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Monitoring_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-9


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TheIndian Rhinocerosis one of the 45 species of globally threatened mammals found in theEastern Himalayas.

The Eastern Himalayas is the region encompassing Bhutan, northeastern India, and southern,central, and eastern Nepal. The region is geologically young and shows high altitudinal variation.

It has nearly 163 globally threatened species including the One-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros

unicornis), theWild Asian Water buffalo(Bubalus bubalis (Arnee)) and in all 45 mammals, 50birds, 17 reptiles, 12 amphibians, 3 invertebrate and 36 plant species.[19][20]

The Relict Dragonfly(Epiophlebia laidlawi) is an endangered species found here with the only other species in the

genus being found inJapan. The region is also home to the Himalayan Newt (Tylototriton

verrucosus), the onlysalamanderspecies found within Indian limits.[21]

[edit] Extinct and fossil forms

During the early Tertiary period, the Indian tableland, what is today peninsular India, was a largeisland. Prior to becoming an island it was connected to the African region. During the tertiary

period this island was separated from the Asian mainland by a shallow sea. The Himalayan

region and the greater part of Tibet lay under this sea. The movement of the Indian subcontinentinto the Asian landmass created the great Himalayan ranges and raised the sea bed into what is

today the plains of northern India.

Elephas ganesaa fossil elephant from the Siwaliks

Once connected to the Asian mainland, many species moved into India. The Himalayas were

created in several upheavals. The Siwaliks were formed in the last and the largest number of

fossils of the Tertiary period are found in these ranges.[22]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Asian_Water_buffalohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Asian_Water_buffalohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Asian_Water_buffalohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiophlebia_laidlawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiophlebia_laidlawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiophlebia_laidlawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elephas_ganesa&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elephas_ganesa&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-prater-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-prater-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-prater-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElephasGanesa.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rhinoceros_unicornis_fg01.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-prater-21http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elephas_ganesa&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salamanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylototriton_verrucosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiophlebia_laidlawihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Asian_Water_buffalohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_unicornishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rhinoceros


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Illustration of aHimalayan QuailfromA. O. Hume's work. Last seen in 1876

The exploitation of land and forest resources by humans along with hunting and trapping for

food and sport has led to the extinction of many species in India in recent times.[citation needed]

Probably the first species to vanish during the time of the Indus Valley civilisation was thespecies of wild cattle,Bos primegenius nomadicus or the wildzebu, which vanished from itsrange in theIndusvalley and western India, possibly due to inter-breeding with domestic cattle

and resultant fragmentation of wild populations due to loss of habitat.[33]

Notable mammals which became or are presumed extinct within the country itself include the

Indian /Asiatic Cheetah,Javan RhinocerosandSumatran Rhinoceros.[34]

While some of these

large mammal species are confirmed extinct, there have been many smaller animal and plant

species whose status is harder to determine. Many species have not been seen since theirdescription.Hubbardia heptaneuron, a species of grass that grew in the spray zone of theJog

Fallsprior to the construction of the Linganamakki reservoir, was thought to be extinct but a few

were rediscovered near Kolhapur.

[35]

Some species of birds have gone extinct in recent times, including thePink-Headed Duck

(Rhodonessa caryophyllacea) and theHimalayan Quail(Ophrysia superciliosa). A species ofwarbler,Acrocephalus orinus, known earlier from a single specimen collected byAllan Octavian

Humefrom near Rampur inHimachal Pradeshwas rediscovered after 139 years inThailand.

[36][37]Similarly, theJerdon's Courser(Rhinoptilus bitorquatus), named after the

zoologistThomas C. Jerdonwho discovered it in 1848, was rediscovered in 1986 by Bharat

Bhushan, an ornithologist at theBombay Natural History Societyafter being thought to be

extinct.

[edit] Destruction of animal speciesThough India currently is considered a mega diverse country with many of the world's speciessadly, hunting is a thing which has played a crucial part in the lessening of the number of

animals. One of the most effected animal is the tiger. It has been ruthlessly hunted by the

masterminds who send innocent villagers to do these jobs. It is a hugely successful business

which is due to the high demand of tiger bones for traditional Chinese medicines. The rhinofound mostly in Kaziranga too is depleting fast for the enormous demand. The back seat has

been given to the fauna by the Indian government, and the fines that have to be paid are mostly

lesser than the money they earn by the poaching. If something is not done fast, then many

species shall instantly become extinct and others in due course. Many people and even

companies have expressed strong concern over such topics.

[edit] Species estimates
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-IWH2-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-IWH2-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-IWH2-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_Cheetahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_Cheetahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_Cheetahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javan_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javan_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javan_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink-Headed_Duckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink-Headed_Duckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink-Headed_Duckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocephalus_orinushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocephalus_orinushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocephalus_orinushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerdon%27s_Courserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerdon%27s_Courserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerdon%27s_Courserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_C._Jerdonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_C._Jerdonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_C._Jerdonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Natural_History_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Natural_History_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Natural_History_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extincthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extincthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extincthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Natural_History_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_C._Jerdonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerdon%27s_Courserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrocephalus_orinushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink-Headed_Duckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jog_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatran_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javan_Rhinoceroshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_Cheetahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-IWH2-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Octavian_Humehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayan_Quail


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thumb_strip_india_biodiv.jpg


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Glimpses of biodiversity

An estimate of the numbers of species by group in India is given below. This is based on Alfred,

1998.[38]

Taxonomic Group World species Indian species% in

India

PROTISTA

Protozoa 31250 2577 8.24

Total (Protista) 31250 2577 8.24

ANIMALIA

Mesozoa 71 10 14.08

Porifera 4562 486 10.65

Cnidaria 9916 842 8.49

Ctenophora 100 12 12

Platyhelminthes 17500 1622 9.27

Nemertinea 600

Rotifera 2500 330 13.2

Gastrotricha 3000 100 3.33

Kinorhyncha 100 10 10

Nematoda 30000 2850 9.5

Nematomorpha 250

Acanthocephala 800 229 28.62

Sipuncula 145 35 24.14

Mollusca 66535 5070 7.62

Echiura 127 43 33.86

Annelida 12700 840 6.61

Onychophora 100 1 1

Arthropoda 987949 68389 6.9

Crustacea 35534 2934 8.26

Insecta 853000 53400 6.83

Arachnida 73440 7.9

Pycnogonida 600 2.67

Pauropoda 360

Chilopoda 3000 100 3.33

Diplopoda 7500 162 2.16

Symphyla 120 4 3.33

Merostomata 4 2 50
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thumb_strip_india_biodiv.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-37


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Phoronida 11 3 27.27

Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) 4000 200 5

Endoprocta 60 10 16.66

Brachiopoda 300 3 1

Pogonophora 80Praipulida 8

Pentastomida 70

Chaetognatha 111 30 27.02

Tardigrada 514 30 5.83

Echinodermata 6223 765 12.29

Hemichordata 120 12 10

Chordata 48451 4952 10.22

Protochordata (Cephalochordata+Urochordata) 2106 119 5.65

Pisces 21723 2546 11.72Amphibia 5150 209 4.06

Reptilia 5817 456 7.84

Aves 9026 1232 13.66

Mammalia 4629 390 8.42

Total (Animalia) 1196903 868741 7.25

Grand Total (Protosticta+Animalia) 1228153 871318 7.09

[edit] Threatened species

Many plants and animals are threatened or endangered due largely to habitat loss and population

pressure apart from hunting and extraction. India stands out as one of the few countries with highhuman populations as well as a high number of threatened species.[39]

[edit] Threatened plant species

Threat Category (IUCN) Number of species

Extinct 19

Extinct/Endangered 43

Endangered 149

Endangered/Vulnerable 2

Vulnerable 108

Rare 256
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna_of_India#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=9


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Indeterminate 719

Insufficiently Known 9

No information 1441

Not threatened 374

TOTAL 3120

[edit] Threatened Animal species

Number of species per group according to IUCN threat categories (1994)

Threat categories Source:WCMC

[edit] Taxonomic lists and indices
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=11http://www.wcmc.org.uk/igcmc/main.htmlhttp://www.wcmc.org.uk/igcmc/main.htmlhttp://www.wcmc.org.uk/igcmc/main.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Praying_mantis_india.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Praying_mantis_india.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Praying_mantis_india.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_cat_india.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=12http://www.wcmc.org.uk/igcmc/main.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=11


11/12


12/12

o Spiders of India Insects

o Coccinellidae Ladybird beetles of India

o Odonata

Dragonflies and damselflies of Indiao Lepidoptera

Butterflies of India Papilionid butterflies of India Pierid butterflies of India Nymphalid butterflies of India Lycaenid butterflies of India Hesperid butterflies of India Riodinid butterflies of India

Moths of Indiao Hymenoptera

Ants of India

[edit] Vertebrates

Fish in India Amphibians of India Reptiles of India

o Snakes of India Birds of South Asia Mammals of India
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spiders_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spiders_of_Indiahttp://www.angelfire.com/bug2/j_poorani/index.htmlhttp://www.angelfire.com/bug2/j_poorani/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_odonates_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_odonates_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Papilionidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Papilionidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Pieridae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Pieridae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Nymphalidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Nymphalidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Lycaenidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Lycaenidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Hesperiidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Hesperiidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Riodinidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Riodinidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_moths_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_moths_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ants_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ants_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fish_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fish_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_snakes_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_snakes_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_snakes_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_South_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fish_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_India&action=edit&section=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ants_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_moths_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Riodinidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Hesperiidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Lycaenidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Nymphalidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Pieridae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_India_(Papilionidae)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_odonates_of_Indiahttp://www.angelfire.com/bug2/j_poorani/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spiders_of_India

india has some of the world

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