india rural roads.ppt - irf gtkp rural roads.pdf · irf second international conventi on on rural...

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, China

Prime Minister’s Rural RoadsPrime Minister’s Rural Roads ProgrammeProgrammePrime Minister s Rural Roads Prime Minister s Rural Roads ProgrammeProgrammeIndia India

and its Socioand its Socio--economic Impacteconomic Impactand its Socioand its Socio--economic Impacteconomic Impact

PrabhaPrabha Kant KATARE, Director (Projects)Kant KATARE, Director (Projects)National Rural Roads Development Agency,National Rural Roads Development Agency,

Ministry of Rural Development, Government of IndiaMinistry of Rural Development, Government of India2727thth O t b 2010O t b 20102727thth October, 2010October, [email protected]@nic.in


IndiaIndia Fact SheetFact Sheet

India is a Union of 28 States

Population of India 1.027 billion (2001 Census) 531.27 million males - 495.73 53 . o a es 95. 3

million females Rural population is 741.66

million; ; Urban population is 285.35

million i.e., 27.78% Population density 324 per Population density - 324 per

sq. km Decennial growth rate 1981-91 g

- 23.86, for 1991-00 - 21.34


Rationale for Rationale for Rural Connectivity Rural Connectivity ProgrammeProgrammeRural Connectivity Rural Connectivity ProgrammeProgramme

Investments in rural infrastructure are moreff ti th f t t hi h d theffective than safety nets which reduce the

vigour of rural poverty but may not remove it. Rural infrastructure programmes have a lastingu a ast uctu e p og a es ave a ast g

impact on rural development, creating both on-farm and off-farm employment.

Properly supplemented by policies enabling the Properly supplemented by policies enabling therural poor to take advantage of newopportunities, investments in creation of rurali f t t h l i t ll i tiinfrastructure help in poverty alleviation.

Hence the Prime Minister’s Rural RoadsProgramme - PMGSY in India.g


Status of Road Network in IndiaStatus of Road Network in IndiaNH2%

SH & MDRs14%

Rural Roads 84%

Total length of road network in India : 3.3 million kmNational Highways (NH) : 77,500 Km

State Highways & Major District Roads (SH & MDRs) : 598,662 Km

Rural Roads : 2.65 million Km80 % f R l R d 80 % f R l R d f df d80 % of Rural Roads un80 % of Rural Roads un--surfacedsurfaced

342 thousand habitations (39%) out of 888 thousand rural habitations 342 thousand habitations (39%) out of 888 thousand rural habitations lacked alllacked all--weather connectivity in the year 2000.weather connectivity in the year 2000.


Prime Minister’s Rural Roads Prime Minister’s Rural Roads ProgrammeProgrammegg

Objective

Provision of all-weather road connectivity to all the yhabitations with population of 500 or more

For Hill States, Tribal and Desert Areas minimum

l ti li it i 250 population limit is 250 persons

Up gradation of existing Through Routes for full farm to market connectivity


Programme TargetsProgramme Targets

Activity Total Eligible y gProgramme Targets

Habitations for New 166,938Connectivity (Nos.)

Length of New Connectivity 365,278Roads (km.)

Length of Upgradation Roads 368,000g pg(km.)

Estimated Cost INR. Cr. 250 thousand

(USD 52.10 b)


FundingFunding Budgetary Support from Government of India.

gg

Fuel Cess – Rs.4800 Crore (USD 1b) a year.

Internal Borrowings – Fuel Cess leveraging – Internal Borrowings – Fuel Cess leveraging –NABARD Loans.

E t ll Aid d P j t Externally Aided ProjectsADB – USD 750 mWorld Bank – USD 1 bWorld Bank USD 1 b

Further World Bank Loan of about USD 1.5 b beingnegotiatednegotiated.


AchievementsAchievements

About 108 thousand habitations covered/ d frequiring construction/ upgradation of over

418 thousand km of roads with aninvestment of about INR 117 thousand Croreinvestment of about INR 117 thousand Crore(USD 24.4 b).

Ab t 300 th d k f d l t dAbout 300 thousand km of roads completedbenefiting about 73 thousand habitations.

Over INR 72 thousand Crore (USD 15 b)released to the States and utilized.


Transforming Rural Livesg

Increased access to market, health and education Investment of One Million Rupees enables 165 poor people to move above poverty line

Source : IFPRI, Research Report 110, 1999


Quality Quality –– The Basic Management PolicyThe Basic Management Policy

Based on careful analysis of experience gathered in

Quality Quality The Basic Management PolicyThe Basic Management Policy

y p gimplementation of Rural Roads programmes in thepast, programme management systems in PMGSYhave been developed.p

Management strategy aimed at embedding qualityawareness in all processes of implementation hasawareness in all processes of implementation hasbeen put in place.

Implementation process beginning from planning Implementation process beginning from planningand up to maintenance management has beendeveloped.


Special Features of PMGSY Special Features of PMGSY

Full funding of construction cost by the Central Govt.g y

Maintenance funding by State Govt.

l b l h h S Implementation responsibility with the States.

National Rural Roads Development Agency (NRRDA) forT h i l d O ti l t tTechnical and Operational management support.

Dedicated implementing apparatus at State & district level.

Ensuring Quality Standards in construction

Five year defect liability Five year defect liability


Management StrategyManagement Strategyg gyg gyManagement strategy aimed at embedding quality awareness in

all processes of implementation put in place for PMGSY.

Appropriate Institutional Architecture

Systematic Network Planningy g

Structured Project Preparation and Selection Process

Setting Standards and Specifications Setting Standards and Specifications

Standardization of Bidding Process

Ri Q lit M it i Rigorous Quality Monitoring

Need Based Training, R & D

Web based Monitoring Mechanism.


Institutional ArchitectureInstitutional Architecture

Ministry of Rural Development Nodal Deptt. State Govt.

NRRDA(Management Support)

SRRDA(Programme Implementation)

STA/PTA(Project Appraisal

Support)

NQMsNQMs(Independent Quality

Monitor)PIU

NRRDA: National Rural roads Development Agency, SRRDA: State Rural Road Development Agency, STA: State Technical Agency, PTA: Principal Technical Agency, NQM: National Quality Monitor,

PIU: Programme Implementation Unit


Systematic Network PlanningSystematic Network Planning

g , g ,

y gy g

A District Rural Road Plan (DRRP) for every Block and District of IndiaBlock and District of India


Systematic Network PlanningSystematic Network Planning

and a Core Network.

y gy g


Detailed ProjectDetailed Project Reports & ClearanceReports & Clearance

CORE NETWORKConsultative Process

CNCPL/CUPL

Selection of Proposal Proposals at NRRDASelection of Proposal

Approval by SLSC

p

Recommendation by

Scrutiny at NRRDA

Preparation of DPRs

Recommendation by Empowered Committee

Approval by MRD

Clearance by MoRDScrutiny by STA

Clearance by MoRDDesign and Estimates based on detailed field surveys and soil tests and independent scrutiny by the State Technical Agencies (IITs/ NITs etc).


Setting Technical Standards & SpecificationsSetting Technical Standards & Specifications

Standards setting with helpof Indian Roads Congress:of Indian Roads Congress:Rural Roads Manualprepared in 2002.Standard Data Book andSpecifications for Rural Roadspublished in 2004.Operational Manual in 2005.Design of flexible and rigidpavements for low volumepavements for low volumeroads.Gravel Road Manual.S d d f S l dStandards for Steel Bridges.Quality AssuranceHandbooks.


Standard & Transparent Standard & Transparent Procurement ProcessProcurement ProcessProcurement ProcessProcurement Process

Transparent bidding Transparent biddingthrough Standard BiddingDocument developed forPMGSY.PMGSY.

E-Procurement of worksalready institutionalizedalready institutionalized

Quick Impact Assessmentof E-Procurement hasshown better participationof contractors leading tocompetitive cost –savings.competitive cost savings.


A Symbol of Quality & Sustainability

Q lit AQ lit A

A Symbol of Quality & Sustainability

Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance A three tier quality management mechanism

institutionalized under PMGSYinstitutionalized under PMGSY.

First tier- Quality control at Programme Implementation Unit (PIU)level. Objective - process control through mandatory tests onj p g ymaterial and workmanship at the field laboratory.

Second tier- Regular and structured independent qualitymonitoring at State level.

Th d I d d N l Q l M d l d f Third tier- Independent National Quality Monitors deployed forinspection at random. Objective-guidance and monitoring of qualityby a senior independent professional.

For better results and sustainable quality, qualitymechanism is continuously reviewed and refined.


Field Laboratories

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaMachinery & Equipments in PMGSY


Field Quality ChecksField Quality ChecksField Quality ChecksField Quality Checks

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaBefore

After

Madhya Pradesh


Earth Work in Plain TerrainEarth Work in Plain Terrain

Madhya Pradesh

Shivpuri Pohri Road to AB Road, Length 36.12 Km, Cost 596.16 Lakhs, Phase 2


Hill Cutting in difficult Hill Cutting in difficult terrains ofterrains ofterrains ofterrains of

Arunachal PradeshArunachal Pradesh

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaConstruction of Base Construction of Base CourseCourse


Bituminous Layer Bituminous Layer ConstructionConstructionConstructionConstruction


Online Monitoring SystemOnline Monitoring System

A Web-based onlinemonitoring system.

Embedded Decisionsupport systems.pp y

Data Base inCitizen’s domainCitizen s domain.


Transparency & Community ParticipationTransparency & Community Participation

Citizen Information Board inlocal language showing Quantityof material in each layer.Provision for periodic jointinspection of field level officersand public representatives.

Tamil Nadu Bihar


Impact of PMGSY Impact of PMGSY –– 2004 Study2004 Study

Quick impact assessment for 9 States in 2004l d h f llrevealed the following:

Agriculture and Local Industry:• Improved access is leading use of motorized equipment

like tractor in agriculture on the one hand anddiversification of cropping pattern through easier

il bilit f i t d t k tavailability of inputs and access to markets• Easier access to raw-materials and commercial vehicles

has benefited existing local industries including potteryd b i k ki d tt d h dl i d t iand brick-making and cottage and handloom industries

• Market for home-made products like pickles, etc., inneighboring towns has increased and both on-farm and

ff f l t t iti h i doff-farm employment opportunities have improved


Impact of PMGSY Impact of PMGSY –– 2004 Study2004 Study

Health and Education:I t i t t l i tit ti l d li d• Improvement in ante-natal care institutional delivery andpost-natal care has been observed

• Increase enrolment in schools particularly of girls hasb ti d d l tt d f t hbeen noticed and more regular attendance of teachers

Social and Others:• Increased use of consumer durables like, television,

electrical gadgets, etc., has been noticed.• Increase in visits of Government officials and grass-rootsg

level functionaries• Social network area has increased including radius of

marriage alliance.g


Findings of Socio-Economic Impact of PMGSY

Salient Findings1. Saving in Travel Expenditureg p

Average expenditure to travel a unit distance is lower in connectedhabitations

1.41 5

4.44 5

1

1.5Graph1: Travel expenditure to travel akilometer to agriculture market by minibus

3.5

4

4.51

2.7

2

2.5

30.5

ConnectedHabitation

UnconnectedHabitation

Source: Mann-Whitney Test Results, PMGSY Socio-Economic Impact Assessment Study- 2009

2ConnectedHabitation


Graph 2: Travel expenditure to travel akilometer to school by 2-wheeler



2. Farm and Non-Farm Employment

30% more likelihood of non-farm employment in connectedhabitations (case of Karnataka)habitations (case of Karnataka)

• Source: Binary Logistic Regression Results, PMGSY Socio-Economic ImpactAssessment Study- 2009Assessment Study 2009

13% less likelihood of farm employment and 16% more likelihood of non-farm employment in connected habitations (All 10 States)(All 10 States)

• Source: Binary Logistic Regression Results, PMGSY Socio-Economic Impact Assessment StudyAssessment Study-



3. Association between connectivity & occupationTemporal Effect (2007-2009)Temporal Effect (2007-2009)

─ Trade/business as an

52

50

60

occupation increased by 52%in connected habitationswhere as the same increasedb % i d 30

40

50

by 6% in unconnectedhabitations (case of Assam)

610

20

30

• Source: PMGSY Socio-Economic Impact Assessment Study- 2009 &

2007 0

10

Connected UnconnectedConnectedHabitation



Observations on User Satisfaction

1. Agriculture Better yield from regular use of fertilizers / pesticides due to improvedy g / p p

connectivity Increased income from the agriculture activity

• Chhupari village, Shimla, HP

Easy transport of Agriculture produce to Market centers by Tractor Increased gains from better road conditions due to low maintenance costs of

carriage vehicles80

g

- Makkelgiri village, Belgaum, Karnataka- Jalameripali village, Ganjam, Orissa

80

80

Construction labour as an occupationincreased by 80% in connected habitationswhere as the same increased by 66% inunconnected habitations (case of UP)

6670

unconnected habitations (case of UP)–Source: PMGSY Socio-Economic Impact Assessment Study- 2009 &

200760

ConnectedHabitation



Observations on User Satisfaction

Quality of Life• Good connectivity enabled regular travel to home from work

place• Increased attention to family matters and children’s educationy

- Supana Village, Muzaffarpur, Bihar

• Direct employment in road construction

• Improved income and skill levelp

- Baghadanga Village, Burdhawan, WB


Observations on User Satisfaction Employment Avenues

• Small farmer / agricultural labourer shift to non-farm employment

• Earning higher income compared to that f f i i i i liof farming activities earlier

- Alampur village, Burdhawan, WB- Makkalgeri village, Belgaum, Karnatakag g g

• Construction labourer earns supplementary income from

temporary shops

L i ill Dh MP- Loni village, Dhar, MP


Maharashtra

Increased Market Access for FarmersIncreased Market Access for Farmers

Tamil Nadu

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaBiharGujarat

Improved Transport Services

Assam


Andhra Pradesh

Improved Access Improved Access to Schoolsto Schools

Assam

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaKeralaKarnataka

Improved Access to Health Care

Creating LivelihoodsCreating LivelihoodsCreating LivelihoodsCreating Livelihoods

Gujarat

IRF Second International Convention on Rural Roads – Jinan, ChinaRoads Built in Forest AreasRoads Built in Forest Areas

Orissa M POrissa M P

MizoramNagalandg


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www.pmgsy.nic.in

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