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PRIMARY WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR CLASS SW-I WATERS

(For Salt pans, Shell fishing, Mariculture and Ecologically Sensitive Zone)

Sl.No. Parameter Standards Rationale/ Remarks

1. pH range 6.5-8.5 General broad range, conducive for

propagation of aquatic lives, is given.Value largely dependant upon soil-water

interaction.

2. Dissolved

Oxygen

5.0mgl/I or 60 percent

saturation value,

whichever is higher

Not less than 3.5mg/I at any time of the

year for protection of aquatice lives

3. Colour and

Odour

No noticeable colour

or offensive odour.

Specially caused by chemical

compounds like creosols, phenols,

naphtha, pyridine, benzene, toluene etc.,

causing, invisible coloration of salt

crystal and tainting of fish flesh.

4. Floating

Matters

Nothing obnoxious or

detrimental for use

purpose

Surfactants should not exceed an upper

limit of 1.0mg/I and the concentration

not to cause any visible form.

5. Suspended

Solids

None from sewage or

industrial waste origin

Settleable inner matters not in such

concentration that would impair any

usages specially as signed to this class.

6. Oil and Grease

(including

0.1mg/I

Petroleum

Products)

0.1mg/I Concentration should not exceed

0.1mg/I as because it has effect on fish

eggs and larvae.

7. Heavy Metals:

Mercury (as

Hg) Cadmium

(as Cd)

Lead as (Pb)

0.001 mg/I

0.001 mg/I

0.001 mg/I

Values depend on :

1. Concentration in salt, fish

and shell fish

2. Average per capita

consumption per day

3. Minimum ingestion rate that

induces symptoms of

resulting diseases.

Note.

SW-I is desirable to be safe and relatively free from hazardous chemicals likepesticides, heavy metals and radionuclide concentrations. Their combined (synergistic or

antagonistic) effects onhealth and aquatic lives are not yet clearly known. These chemicals

undergo bioaccumulation magnification and transfer to human and other animals though food

chain. In areas where fisheries, salt pans are the governing considerations, and presence of

such chemicals apprehended/reported bioassay test should be performed following

appropriate methods for the purpose of setting case-specific limits.

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PRIMARY WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR CLASSSW-II WATERS

(For Bathing, Contact Water Sports and Commercial Fishing)


1 pH range 6.5-8.5 Range does not cause skin or eye

irritation and is also conductive foraquatic lives.

2. Dissolved

Oxygen

4.0mg/I of 50%

saturation value

whichever is higher

Not less than 3.5mg/I at any time for

protection of aquatic lives.

3. Colour and

Odour


or offensive odour

Specially caused by chemical compound

like creosols phenols, naphtha, benzene

pyridine, toluene etc. causing visible

colouration of water and tainting of and

odour in fish flesh.

4. Floating

Matters

Nothing obnoxious or

detrimental for usepurpose

None in concentration that would usages

specially assigned to this class

5. Turbidity 30NTU (Nephelo

Turbidity)

Measured at 0.9depth

6. Fecal Cliform 100/100 ml (MPN) The average value not exceeding

200/100 ml in 20 percent of samples in

the year and in 3 consecutive samples in

monsoon months.

7. Biochemical

Oxygen

Demand (BOD)(3 days at 27C)

3mg/I (aesthetic quality of water)

Also prescribed by IS:2296-1974.

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PRIMARY WATER QUALITY CRITIERIA FOR CLASS SW-III WATERS

(For Industrial Cooling, Recreation (non-contact) and Aesthetics)


1 pH range 6.5-8.5 The range is conducive for propagation

of aquatic species and restoring naturalsystem.

2. Dissolved

Oxygen

3.0mg/I of 50%

saturation value

whichever is higher

To protect aquatic lives

3. Colour and

Odour


or offensive odour

None in such concentration that would

impair usages specifically assigned to

this class.

4. Floating

Matters

No visible, obnoxious

floating debris, oil

slick, scum.

As in (3) above.

5. Fecal Coliform 100/100 ml (MPN) Not exceeding 1000/100 ml in 20% of

samples in the year and in 3 consecutive

samples in monsoon months.

6. Turbidity 30NTU Reasonably clear water for Recreation.

Aesthetic appreciation and Industrial

cooling purpose.

7. Dissolved Iron

(as Fe)

0.5mg/I or less It is desirable to have the collective

concentration of dissolved Fe an Mn

less or equal to 0.5mg/I to avoid scaling

effect.

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(For Harbour Waters)


1 pH range 6.5-9.5 To minimize corrosive and scaling

effect2. Dissolved

Oxygen

3.0mg/I of 50%

saturation value

whichever is higher

Considering bio-degradation of oil and

inhibition to oxygen production through

photosynthesis.

3. Colour and

Odour

No visible colour or

offensive odour

None from reactive chemicals which

may corrode paints/ metallic surface

4. Floating

Materials, Oil

grease, and

scum (including

Petroleum

products)

10mg/I Floating matter should be free from

excessive living organisms which may

clog or coat operative parts of marine

vessels / equipment




6. Biochemical

Oxygen

Demand (3days

at 27C)

5mg/I To maintain water relatively free from

pollution caused by sewage and other

decomposable wastes.

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(For Industrial Cooling, Recreation (non-contact) and Aesthetics)


1 pH range 6.5-9 As specified by New England interstate

Water Pollution Control Commission2. Dissolved

Oxygen

3.0mg/I of 40%

saturation value

whichever is higher

To protect aquatic lives

3. Colour and

Odour

None in such

concentration that

would impair any

usages specifically

assigned to this class

As in (1) above

4. Sludge deposits,

Solid refuse

floating solids,

oil, grease &

scum

Non except for such

small amount that

may result from

discharge of

appropriately treated

sewage and / or

industrial waste

effluents

As in (1) above.




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Quality Criteria of Drinking Water

Prescribed by Indian Standards Institution and Indian Council of Medical Research

Prescribed by ISI (IS:10500-1989) Prescribed by ICMR

Standards of Bacterioloogical Quality

i) Water in Distribution Systema) Throughout year, 95% of samples should not contain any coliform organisms

in 100 ml.

b) No sample should contain E. Coil in 100 ml.

c) No sample should contain more than 10 coilform organisms per 100 ml; and

d) Coilform organisms should not be detectable in 100 ml. of any two

consecutive samples.

ii) Unpiped water supplies

Where it is impracticable to supply water to consumers through a piped

distribution network and where untreated sources, such as wells, boreholes and

springs which may not be naturally pure, have to be used, the requirements for

piped supplies may not be attainable. In such circumstances disinfection is mostdesirable and considerable reliance has to be placed on sanitary inspection and not

exclusively on the results of bacteriological examination.

C. Standards of Physical & Chemical Quality

Sl. No. Substance or

Characteristic

Prescribed by

ISI

Requirement

(Desirable

Limit)

Max.

Permissible

level

Prescribed by

ICMR

Highest

Desirable Level

Maximum

Permissible

level

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

1. Colour, Hazen

Units

10 5 units 25 units

2. Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable

3. Agreeable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable

4. Turbidity 10 NTU 5JTU 25 JTU

5. Dissolved solids,

mg/l

500 500 1500*

6. pH value 6.5 to 8.5 7.0 to 8.5 6.5 to 9.2

7. Total hardness (as

CaCO3), mg/l

300 300 600

8. Calcium (as Ca),

mg/l

75 75 200

9. Magnesium (as

Mg), mg/l

30 Not more than

50 mg/I, if there

are 200 mg/I

sulfates; if there

is less sulfate,

magnesium upto

100 mg/I, may

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be allowed at the

rate of 1

mg/Img. for

every 4 mg/I

decrease in

sulfates10. Copper (as Cu),

mg/l

0.05 0.05 1.5

11. Iron (as Fe), mg/1 0.3 0.1 1.0

12. Manganese(as

Mn),mg/1

0.1 0.1 0.5

13. Chlorides (as Cl),

mg/l

250 200 1000

14. Sulfate (as SO4),

mg/l

150 200 400

15. Nitrate (as NO3),

mg/l

45 20 **

16. Fluride (as F),

mg/I

0.6 to 1.2 1.0*** 1.5

17. Phenolic

Compounds (as

C6H5OH),mg/I

0.001 0.001 0.002

18. Mercury (as

Hg),mg/l.

0.001 -- 0.001

19. Cadmium(as

Cd),mg/l

0.01 -- 0.01

20. Selenium (asSe),mg/l

0.01 -- 0.01

21. Arsenic (as

As),mg/l

0.05 -- 0.05

22. Cyanide(as CN),

mg/l.

0.05 -- 0.05

23. Lead (as Pb),mg/1. 0.10 -- 0.10

24. Zinc (as Zn), mg/l 5 -- --

25. Anionic detergents

(as MBAS), mg/l

0.2 -- --

26. Chromium (as

Cr6+), mg/1

0.05 -- --

27. Polynuclear

aromatic

hydrocarbons(as

PAH), mg/1

- -- --

28. Mineral oil, mg/1 0.01 -- --

29. ResiduaL free

Chlorine,

mg/1.Min.

0.2 -- --

30. Pesticides Absent -- --

31. Radio-activematerials:

--

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a) Alpha emitters

uc**** per ml,

Max.

10-8 -- 3 pci/l*****

b) Beta emitters uc

per ml, Max

10-7 -- 30 pci/1

*Dissolved solids relaxable upto 3000 mg/1 in case where alternate sources are not

available within reach.

** More information is required to prescribe a value but in no circumstances should the

level exceed 100 mg NO3

*** The presence of fluoride in drinking water in excess of 1.0 mg/1. gives rise to dental

fluorosis (mottling of varying degrees of severity in children. When present in high

concentrations, fluorides may eventually cause endemic cumulative fluorosis with

resultant skeletal damage in children and adults

**** uc micro Curie

***** pCi Picocurie- unit of radio-active disintegration, also known as micro

microcuric equivalent to disintegrations per second

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