indigenous green building concepts cccea july 2010
TRANSCRIPT
"INDIGENOUS GREEN BUILDING CONCEPTS“ JULY 2010
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy, CEO, GEO http://www.e-geo.org
http://www.cccea.in/index.htm
Barbil,Orissa
Rajmahal, Jharkhand
Kalahandi,Orissa
Manikganj,Bangladesh
Bone
Brick pieces
Pottaryshards
Biochar /Charcoal
Slag
Quartz
Pottaryshards
Slag
INTRODUCTION Since the Industrial Revolution the world has
witnessed incalculable technological achievements population growth corresponding increases in resource use
“Side effects” of all the activities and achievements include:
pollution, landfills, toxic waste, global warming, resource and ozone depletion, and deforestation
All these efforts are straining the limits of the Earth’s “carrying capacity”— its ability to provide the resources required to sustain life while retaining the capacity to regenerate and remain viable.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
(The Brundtland Commission,1987)
INDIAN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
Is the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in rural areas, of India, built of local materials and designed to meet the needs of the local people. The builders of these structures are unschooled in formal architectural design and their work reflects the rich diversity of India's climate, locally available building materials, and the intricate variations in local social customs and craftsmanship. It has been estimated that worldwide close to 90% of all building is vernacular, meaning that it is for daily use for ordinary, local people and built by local craftsmen.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_vernacular_architecture
SUSTAINABILITY AND THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
'Sustainability' is becoming a central concern for us all out of wider recognition that rising populations and economic development are threatening the degradation of the earth's resources.
The construction, maintenance and use of buildings impacts substantially on our environment and is currently contributing significantly to irreversible changes in the world's climate, atmosphere and ecosystem.
Buildings are by far the greatest producers of harmful gases such as CO2 and this 'eco-footprint' can only increase with the large population growth predicted to occur by 2050 and the industrialization of the developing world.
HOW THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY CAN MOVE TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
– Energy: reducing energy consumption, being more energy efficient and using renewable energy and 'alternative technology'.
– Materials: Choosing, using, re-using and recycling materials during design, manufacture, construction and maintenance to reduce resource requirements.
– Waste: Producing less waste and recycling more.
– Pollution: Producing less toxicity, water, noise and spatial pollution.
Aspects of building material adoption
Natural
Social
Economical
Political
Cultural
Historical
Environmental
Environmental Amenities
reducing, reusing and recycling materials
Construction
Population Vegetation
Air Quality Climate
Transportation Watersheds
1/6 of the world’s freshwater withdrawals
1/4 of world’s wood harvest
2/5 of world’s material & energy flows
Building Industry- Facts
50
40
40
35
30
25
16
0 10 20 30 40 50
Percentage
Ozone depleting CFCs in Use
Municipal Solid Waste to Landfills
Global Energy Use
Global CO2 Emissions
Raw Materials Consumption
Timber Harvest
Fresh Water Withdrawals
Environmental and Economic Impacts of Buildings
Compiled from:Worldwatch Paper #124
Working Principles
Application of Sustainability
Pre-Design On-Site Design Construction O&M
Material Selection
Building Program
Project Budget
Team Selection
Partnering
Project Schedule
Laws, Codes
& Standards
Research
Site Selection
Site Analysis
& Assessment
Site Development
& Layout
Watershed
Management &
Conservation
Site Material
& Equipment
Environmentally
Conscious
Construction
Preservation of
Features &
Vegetation
Waste Mgmt
IAQ Issues
Source Control
Practices
Passive Solar
Design
Materials &
Specification
Indoor Air
Quality
Maintenance Plans
Indoor Quality
Energy Efficiency
Resource Efficiency
Renovation
Housekeeping &
Custodial Practices
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY & ENERGY
• Consider the 'embodied' energy in every brick in every
structure. Every brick has used energy at every stage in its
production and use.• Energy is consumed when:– Extracting raw materials.– Producing materials (Manufacturing process).– Transporting materials.– Transporting workforce.– Building structures.– Using and powering structures.– Maintaining structures and demolishing structures.
MATERIALS
• Around 50% of all global resources go into the constructionindustry, with a specific example being that 70% of all timberis used for building.• It is therefore very important that a sustainable approach tochoosing and using materials is adopted.• The environmental and economic benefits of sustainability
areinherently linked when considering building materials, due tothe long-term financial advantages of recycling, using recycledproducts and sourcing heavy materials locally.• Life-Cycle Assessment, Eco-Labelling and Embodied EnergyAudits all of which can help choosing materials and assess thebalance between short-term costs and long-termenvironmental, social and financial benefits.
HOW TO CHOOSE AND USE MATERIALS IN A MORE SUSTAINABLE WAY
• Considerations to take into account when re-evaluating the way in which materials
are used in construction:– What reserves are left of our materials, and how can their completesuccessive depletion be prevented?– What are the pollution impacts of the manufacturing process involved withcreating new materials?– How can existing materials be recycled (roof tiles, bricks, timber, etc.) and
canthey be designed and used in a way more conducive to re-use?– How much energy is consumed in the transport of materials? (try sourcingheavy, bulky materials locally and lightweight materials globally).– Can more prefabricated components be used? (reduces waste and dust onsite).– How can more low maintenance materials be used in order to reduce
furtherenergy and resource use in the future of the building?
Thank you