indroduction to multimedia

Introduction to Multimedia

Presented By • Abhishek Kumar(Roll no :01)•Afhan AP (Roll no:02)•Altamas Ahamad(Roll no :03)•Amit Kumar Roy(Roll no:04)•Avinash Singh(Roll no:05)

Index

•What is Multimedia?•Elements of Multimedia•Hyper Media• Importance of Multimedia•Multimedia Products

What is Multimedia?

By Abhishek Kumar

What is Multimedia

•Derived from the word “Multi” and “Media”▫Multi

Many, Multiple,▫Media

Tools that is used to represent or do a certain things, delivery medium, a form of mass communication – newspaper, magazine / tv.

Distribution tool & information presentation – text, graphic, voice, images, music and etc.

The Term “Media”

•Can be categorized based on a few criteria:▫Perception media▫Representation media▫Presentation media▫Storage media▫Transmission media

Perception Media

•“How do humans perceive information”•We perceive information from what we

see and what we hear•Visual media:

▫Text, graphics, images, video

•Auditory media:▫Music, sound and voice

Representation Media•“How in information encoded in the computer”•Referring to how the information is

represented internally to the computer.•The encoding used is of essential importance.•Several options:

▫Text is encoded in ASCII▫An audio data stream in PCM (Pulse Coded

Modulation)▫Image in JPEG format▫Video in MPEG format

Storage Media

•“Where is information stored”•Refer to various physical means for

storing computer data, such as magnetic tapes, magnetic disks, or digital optical disks (CD-ROM, CD, DVD)

Transmission Media

•“Which medium is used to transmit data”•Refers to the physical means – cable of

various type (coaxial cable, twisted pair, fiber optics), radio tower, satellite – that allow the transmission of telecommunication signals.

•The difference between transmission media and storage media is the capability of transferring data continuously over networked computers.

The History of Multimedia• 1972 – A Game of Pong (first commercial

multimedia product)• 1973 – ATARI (laser disc, used in game

cartridges)• 1973 – IBM Discovision (first multimedia

interactive kiosk products)• 1978 – Apple II (with floppy drive)• 1981 – Microsoft and IBM (IBM PC)• Christmas 1981 – Nintendo hit the market (30

million machines)• 1982 – Apple II had voice synthesis capability

The History of Multimedia• 1980s – mouse was invented by Xerox Corp.• 1984 – Macintosh using mouse• 1984 – Virtual Reality was invented by NASA, input

devices using HMD (Head-Mounted Display) and Dataglove

• 1985 – Macromind (Macromedia) produced VideoWorks, later changed to Director (the most widely used cross-platform multimedia authoring tool)

• 1986 – first electronic encyclopedia, first international conference on multimedia, first CD-ROM

• 1987 – Mac II (first color GUI)• 1988 – CD-R (CD-Record)• 1989 – Creative Labs (Sound Blaster sound card)

The History of Multimedia• 1990s – Adobe released Photoshop.• 1990s – Windows 3.0 multimedia enabled by

Microsoft• 1992 – first children ‘s interactive book title

“Just Grandma and Me”• 1993 – double speed CD-ROM drives as a

multimedia standard• 1993 – Web Browser Mosaic • 1994 – Web Browser Netscape• 1995 – Multimedia PC, 32 bit, Windows 95.

Later followed by Windows 98, Windows 2000

Input Devices1. Keyboard, mouse (track balls, joysticks, etc)2. graphics tablets - drawing 3. Scanner – capture image from printed material 4. Digital camera - capture and transform image

into digital form5. Touch screen for kiosk application6. Analogue audio input from microphone and

audio player7. Networking support for fail distribution8. modem

Output Devices

• High resolution screen, 256 colors (at least) – output video

• Speakers, amplifier or tape devices - Output audio

• Network with capacity at 10 millions bit/second

• Analog modem at 28 800 bit/second speed. ISDN digital modem at speed 128 000 bit/second.

•Printer

Storage Requirements

• At least 32MB RAM to produce good quality of graphics, audio, video, etc

• VRAM (Video Random Access Memory) to support high color definition

• Hard disk at high volume capacity with good drive system speed to support graphics, video, audio, and animation processing.

• Secondary storage CD-ROM, Magnetic Tape, etc

Elements of Multimedia

By Afhan AP

Definition of Multimedia

•Multimedia is a combination of text, graphic, sound, animation, and video that is delivered interactively to the user by electronic or digitally manipulated means.

TEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Characteristics1. They must be computer-controlled.

User is able to view, hear, and see using a Multimedia PC System.

2. They are integrated. At least one discrete and one continuous media

combined for information presentation and sharing.3. The information they handle must be represented digitally. Consists of various form of media i.e. text, graphics, audio, video, and animations; created, stored, processed, and transmitted DIGITALLY.

4. The interface to the final user may permit interactivity.User is able to navigate, interact, create, and

communicate.


TEXTTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

A broad term for something that contains words to express something.

Text is the most basic element of multimedia. A good choice of words could help convey the intended

message to the users (keywords). Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons


TEXTTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


GRAPHICTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Two-dimensional figure or illustration Could be produced manually (by drawing,

painting, carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology.

Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).


GRAPHICTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


AUDIOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of hearing.

In multimedia, audio could come in the form of speech, sound effects and also music score.


AUDIOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


ANIMATIONTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

The illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements.

In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance / enriched the experience of the user to further understand the information conveyed to them.


ANIMATIONTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Example


VIDEOTEXT

AUDIO

GRAPHIC

VIDEO

ANIMATION

Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing, transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.

Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence / live recording as in comparison to animation.

Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully before you are going to use it.

Benefits• Ease of use

- User friendly, increase user’s effectiveness

• Intuitive Interface- Allows user to determine functions of an application

by their own intuition

• Immersive Experience- Software application takes over the entire computer screen,

allows user to focus on application

Benefits

•Self-paced interaction & better retention- allows information processing at one’s own pace

•Better understanding- simultaneous presentation of different media provides richer & broader range of information.

•Cost effectiveness- less training, less technical support

Problems• Investment costs

- multimedia involves high volume of content- expensive copyright and royalty

• Technical barriers (accessibility issues)- upgrade IT & PC infrastructure

• Sociopsychological barriers- Generation gap- Learning rates- Learning in group/individual- Importance of teacher

• Legal problems - Copyright

Hyper Media

ByAltamas Ahammad

Interactive Multimedia

• When the user is given the option of controlling the elements.

Hyper MediaA combination of hypertext, graphics,

audio, video, (linked elements) and interactivity culminating in a complete, non-linear computer-based experience.

Hypermedia▫Hypermedia is a way of organizing multimedia

information by linking media elements.▫Hypermedia has grown out of a fusion between

hypertext and multimedia.▫Hypertext was developed to provide a different

structure for basic text in computer systems : text is essentially sequential in nature, even though its

structure is hierarchical (chapters, sections, subsections, paragraphs)

hypertext was developed to permit more random access between components of text documents, or between documents, to allow a greater degree of flexibility and cross-referencing than a purely linear or sequential model would allow.

Hypermedia– The structure of a hypermedia organizations is called

a hypermedia web, which consists of a number of multimedia elements or nodes with links between them.

– Links represent semantic relationships, thus when a link exists between two nodes they must be related in some fashion : a digital image linked to a textual description of it a slide-show linked to an audio commentary

– Most widely used hypermedia tools are hypermedia browsers, which let users view nodes and traverse links between them, and markup languages, such as HTML, which allow users to create hypermedia webs as structured documents.

Example

• Interactive Multimedia

Example

• Hyper MediaMain Page

1. Video link

2. Image link

3. Audio Link

Linear VS Non-Linear

• A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when:– It is not interactive – User have no control over the content that is being

showed to them.• Example:

– A movie– A non-interactive lecture / demo show

LINEAR

Linear VS Non-Linear

• A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when:– It is interactive – Users have control over the content that is being showed to

them.– Users are given navigational control

• Example:– Games– Courseware– Interactive CD

NON-LINEAR

Importance of Multimedia

ByAmit Kumar Roy

Importance of Multimedia•There are a number of fields where

multimedia could be of use. Examples are:-▫Business▫Education▫Entertainment▫Home▫Public Places

Importance of Multimedia•Business

▫Use and Applications Sales / Marketing Presentation Trade show production Staff Training Application Company Kiosk

Importance of Multimedia•Education

▫Use and Applications Courseware / Simulations E-Learning / Distance Learning Information Searching Research

Importance of Multimedia•Entertainment

▫Use and Applications Games (Leisure / Educational) Movies Video on Demand

Online

Importance of Multimedia•Home

▫Use and Applications Television Satellite TV SMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)

Importance of Multimedia•Public Places

▫Use and Applications Information Kiosk Smart Cards, Security

Multimedia Products

By Avinash Singh

Multimedia Products1. Briefing Products2. Reference Products3. Database Products4. Education and Training Products5. Kiosk6. Entertainment and Games

Multimedia ProductsBriefing Products

• Small, straightforward, linear products used to present information quickly and concisely.

• Characteristic of briefing product:

Short Development Cycle

Limited Number of Presentations

Usage of text to present information with limited use of graphic, audio and video.

Have few navigational controls. (mouse click and button press to move from one page to another)

Content and the format are suitable for the audience and fulfill the purpose of the presentation.

Multimedia ProductsBriefing Products

• Good briefing presentation depends on:

The understanding of the presented subject.

Seamless integration of content.

Consistent layout

• Example:

Corporate Presentation

Sales Presentation

Educational Lectures

Multimedia ProductsReference Products• Often used for answering specific questions or for general

browsing of information. (stored on CD/ DVD ROM)

• Characteristic of reference product:

Used by wide range of user (small – adult)

Have navigational menu, book marking, searching, printing utility

• 2 Basic classes of reference product:

Generalized Content (dictionary/encyclopedia)

Broad treatment of content at a limited depth

Detailed Content

Focus on specific area and provide extensive information.

Multimedia ProductsReference Products• Good usability and success depends on:

The developers understanding the body of information and how the end user will want to access it.

Help function should always available to explain how to access and use the information

• Examples are electronic forms of:

Encyclopedia

Dictionaries

Cookbooks, Historical, Informative

Scientific surveys.

Multimedia ProductsReference Products• Example:

Multimedia ProductsDatabase Products• Similar to reference product in a sense that large amount of

information are made available to the end user.

• Focus on storing and accessing the actual data (multimedia data such as text, graphic, audio, animation and video)

• Characteristics of Database Products are:

Manages multimedia data (large data)

Descriptive finding methods

Content based search

Simultaneous access

Online database

Relational consistency in data management.

Multimedia ProductsDatabase Products• Examples are:

Google Search

Google Earth

Multimedia ProductsEducation and Training Products• Similar to textbook or training manuals but have added media

such as audio, animation and video.

• Make up a significant share of the multimedia market ranging from pre-kindergarten to postgraduate offerings from technical to corporate training products.

• 2 categories of reference product:

Instructor Support Products

Standalone or Self-Paced Products

Combination Products

• Shares the same characteristics as Reference Product

Multimedia ProductsEducation and Training Products• Example

Multimedia ProductsKiosk Products

• A product which is usually stationed at public places and allow the user to find information interactively and also other types of transaction.

• Characteristics of Kiosk Products:-

Limited target users and usage.

User friendly and easily used by user.

Fast response.

Multimedia ProductsKiosk Products

• Categories of Kiosk

Point Of Information

Provide certain information (example map, timetable etc)

Point Of Sales System

Allow users to purchase or make orders

• Example of Kiosk Products:-

Instant Photo Booth

Banking Kiosk (money deposit, cheque)

University Information Kiosk

Multimedia ProductsEntertainment & Games• Most popular

• Shipped in the form of Interactive CD / DVD ROM.

• Characteristics of E & G Products:-

Immersive.

Requires constant feedback and interaction with the user.

Challenging and sometimes intriguing for user

Enabled online play for more than one user experience.

Conclusion

•Multimedia is a combination of text, graphic, sound, animation, and video that is delivered interactively to the user by electronic or digitally manipulated means.

Thank you

•Any Questions……