induction graphttizing furnace acceptance test report ; project …€¦ · a. ansc induction...

W-143-h-03.

ENGINEERING OPERATIONS REPORT

Induction Grapht t iz ing FurnaceAcceptance Test Report ;

Project 143

March 1972

o(NASA-CR-132216) INDUCTION GRAPHITIZINGFUBNACE ACCEPTANCE TEST REPORT (AerojetNuclear Systems Co., Azusa, Calif.)101 p HC $7.25 , CSCL 11D

O

N73-2U599

UnclasG_3/1_8_ 17 710w ~

A E R O J E T NUCLEAR S Y S T E M S COMPANY• ' . . • • ' • _.*•' • —

A DIVISION OF AEROJET-GENERAL &

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19730015872 2020-04-21T05:07:40+00:00Z

Enclosure "(1)N8500:R: 72-022

ENGINEERING OPERATIONS REPORT

Induction Graphi tizing Furnace

Acceptance Test Report

Project 143

March 3972

R. P. Radtke, Project EngineerNozzle Extension Section

Approved:

C. M. Kawashige , SupervisorNofezle Extension Section

L. A. Shurley, . RanagerNozzle, Pressure Vessel andExtensio/r Department

. Amara l , Manageruality Assurance

ABSTRACT

The objective of this report is to document the results of the furnace ;"acceptance test. Evidence of equipment conformance to ANSC Specification AGC .90278A, including ammendments contained in ANSC Purchase Order No. OCU.36, is .'. ..given. Testing was completed in accordance to procedures and criteria contained. ;in the ANSC Acceptance Test Plan. >:,.; V;' " ; > .

FOREWORD

The induction furnace was designed to meet the requirements of ANSCSpecification 90278A, Furnace, Vertical, Vacuum-Inert, Induction. Thefurnace was designed and constructed by the CragmetDivision of the ChestonCompany, Rancocas, New Jersey, An Inductotherm Affiliate, under ANSCPurchase Order N-0013ft. The Buyer was W. J. Carey. R. P. Radtke, ProjectEngineer, under the supervision of L. A. Shurley, Manager, Nozzle, PressureVessel and Skirt Department, was responsible for design, fabrication,installation and activation of the furnace complex. G. W. Haughton pro-vided Quality Assurance surveillance of the fabrication, installation,and activation, Bldg. 2005 facilities were prepared by A. R.. McLain, ..Plant Engineer. The furnace, was procured for the fabrication of the NERVAnozzle extension, Project 143h in Contract SNP-'l with the Space NuclearSystems Operations., The Project was monitored .by G. K. Sievers and

K. 'E. Est^Sj SWSO-C;';'..',:;... .'.-.'.'.. '.'••• ..•:•••••'• •

- 11 -

TABLE OF CONTENTS - ' ' -• ' ' ' ' : • .

. -. ' Page

I. INTRODUCTION . . . -.'-. . 1

II. SUMMARY 2

III. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

A. GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

B. .MEANS 'OF EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE"EVALUATION . . . . . . . . 5

; C. COMPLIANCE WITH EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . .... . 7

D. OTHER REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

IV. CONCLUSIONS . ... . . . . . . . . ..'. .'.. ... . ~ . . . . ... 17

V. RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

. - . ' . • • / ' •

" TABLE LIST

ble :". Page

1. Summary of Acceptance Test Performance of Induction Furnace .... 3

2... Section IV Acceptance Test Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

.—'.-;.-.-• . APPENDIXES

A. ANSC Induction Graphitizing Furnace Acceptance Test Plan and Procedures

B. ANSC Specification No. AGC 90278B, Furnace, Vertical, Vacuum-Inert,Induction, dated 22 May 1970

C. ANSC Induction Furnace Inspection Report No's 503993, 503994, and 512330

D. Thermal Analysis for Induction Furnace Temperature Measurement Corrections

E. Temperature Correction for Emissivity and Absorption of Quartz Glass

- iii -

R. P. Radtke . - 1 - . March 1972

I. .. INTRODUCTION . .;. :

The purpose of this report is to document the results of the furnaceacceptance test. This equipment was designed for converting carbon formingsubstances into graphitic structures according to ANSC Specification 90278A,Furnace, Vertical, Vacuum-Inert, Induction, dated 22 May 1970, shown inAppendix B.

Conformance to the specification was verified by joint effort of ANSCProject Engineering and Quality Assurance. Tests were perforned in accordanceto procedures and criteria in the ANSC Acceptance Test Plan, shown in Appendix A.Discrepancies were recorded on Inspection Report No's 503993, 503994, and 512330,shown in Appendix C. Disposition of all items was completed and duely documented.

All work and activities referred to herein were performed in accordancewith ANSC Purchase Order N-00136, awarded to the Cheston Company on 28 September1970. The ANSC Acceptance Test Plan operations were completed on 24 August 1971.

The Furnace System was accepted by NERVA Engineering Operations, Project143, on August 30, 1971.

R. P.. Radtke -2- March 1972

II. SUMMARY : ' v :" . - . - • - • • ^

The induction furnace was designed to provide the controlled temperatureand environment required for the post-cure, carbonization and graphitization

processes for the fabrication of a fibrous graphite NERVA nozzle extension. Thefurnace is capable of automatically controlled'temperature, rise rates of 5 to 60°C/

"'-•'' ••'. •'.'•• • ••' •• • _2 'hr from 120 to 2750°C. The furnace atmosphere is controllable at 10 mm Hgvacuum to 3 psig nitrogen or argon to 2000°C, and 0 to 3 psig argon to 2750°C.The hot zone dimensions are-11 fuel; mean diameter and 14 feet long. The length .may be extended to 19 feet by redesign of the work load support.

» . - ' •

The acceptance testing required six tests and "a" total, operating time of298 hours. Low Temperature Mode Operations, i.e., 120 to 850°C, were completedin one test run. High Temperature Mode Operations, i.e., 120 to 2750°C, werecompleted during five tests. The test procedure was contained in the ANSC;Acceptance Test Plan. This plan was prepared to demonstrate all performance

requirements contained in Section 3 of the furnace specification No. AGC 90278A.

All test data was recorded by Quality Assurance Representatives in theQuality Assurance Log Book. Satisfactory completion of the Acceptance Test Planwas certified by the supplier, and verified by ANSC Quality Assurance. Discrep-ancies were reported on Inspection Report No's 503993, 503994, and 512330.Satisfactory dispostion of all items was completed.

A summary of the furnace performance as compared to specificationrequirements is shown in Table 1. The performance demonstrated met or exceeded

the specification requirements except for the furnace shell temperature. Theouter chamber flange temperature reached 85°C at the maximum hot zone temperature.of 2695°C. However, the high surface temperature was acceptable since it waswithin the safe limit of 116°C. This limit was established by the maximum flange0-ring use temperature.

Satisfactory completion of the ANSC Acceptance Test Plan demonstrated .that the induction furnace system meets the requirements of ANSC Specification

.AGC 90278A. The equipment has been accepted by Project Engineering as operational.

R. P. Radtke - 3 - March 1972

TABLE I Page 1 of 2

Summaryof_

Acceptance Test Performance of induction Furnace

Specification Requirement

Section 3.0

ParaNo.

T.I Maximum Temperature, 2750°C

1.2 Temperature Controllability

T.2.T + 5°C at 120°C to 850?C

1.2.2 '+; 2% at 850°C to 2750°C

1.3 Temperature Gradient, 100°Cmaximum at 2750°C

1.4 Temperature Rate Controllability

1.4.1 5 to 15°C/hr at 120°Cto 850°C

1.4.2 15 to 60°C/hr at 120°C to2600°C; 15° to 60°C/hrat 2600°C to 1500°C

Furnace Performance

2695°C, within controllabilityrange of + 55°C.

•± 5°C at T20°C and 700°C.Less than +_ 1% at 700°C and 2695°C.

TO°C at 2695°C.

5°C/hr at 120 to 240°C and 15°C/hr at 600°C to 850°C60°C/hr at 2180°C to 2600°C;15°C/hr at 2695 to 2680; 6Q°C/hr

2.1 Furnace Atmosphere

2.1.1 Vacuum, 50 microns, maximum2.1.2 Argon or nitrogen

• . v. 0.1-3.0 SCFM50 microns - 3 psig

2.2 Rate of Evacuation,ambient to 50 microns in 30minutes, maximum .

17 micronsArgon and nitrogen, less than 1 ppmH20. 0.1-10 SCFM to 3.0 psig.

Ambient to 50 microns in 25 minutes.

Table 1 (cont'd) - 4 - March 1972

Page 2 of 2

Summary of Acceptance Test Performance of Induction Furnace (cont'd)

Specification Requirement Furnace Performance

Section 3.0

ParaNo.

2.3 Rate of B a c k - F i l l ,50 microns to ambient in 20minutes, maximum

2.4 Inert Gas Pressure Control,5 to 30 in. Hg '

2.5 Forced Gas Convective Cooling,2750°C to 200°C.in seven daysat 60°C/hr, maximum

-43.1 Chamber Leak Rate, 1 x 10 mmHg/min pressure rise at 75 microns

3.2 Water Channel Leak Rate,no leaks at 100 psig

4.3 Water Temperature,70°C maximum

4.5 Furnace Shell Temperature,50°C maximum

Air, 15 minutes; H* or Ar, 10 minutes,

Manual gas pressure control at3.0 psig.

2695°C to 200°C in two days at60°C/hr, maximum.

1 x 10 mm Hg/min at 75 microns,

No leaks at TOO psig.

61°C, chamber Water outlet.

85°C (flanges).

R. P. Radtke - 5 - March 1972. . . - ' - •" t

C • • ' " ' . • ' • • ' . • ' • . : 'III. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

A. GENERAL

Data and observations during the acceptance testing were recordedby Quality Assurance representatives in the Quality Assurance Log Book. Special

test equipment included contact pyrometers, optical pyrometers, and bulbthermometers, for temperature measurements. Precision levels and steel tapeswere used-to measure internal furnace dimensions. Temperature measurementequipment carried current AGC calibration certification, numbers.

B. MEANS OF EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION- ;

The test operation defined by the Acceptance Test Plan was designedto demonstrate furnace performance requirements of ANSC Specification 90278A,Appendix B. Completion of operations activity items was certified by the supplierand satisfactory demonstration to meet the test criteria was verified by theANSC Quality Assurance Representative. Signatures were affixed to the AcceptanceTest-flan.

Furnace operations required by the ANSC Acceptance Test Plan,Appendix A, were performed from 24 July to 24 August 1971. The plan consisted .of four sections: Mechanical, Electrical, Safety Interlock, and Performance .Operations. The Performance Operations were completed in two phases: Low'Temperature Mode, and High Temperature Mode.

The Low Temperature Mode required one furnace run to satisfy the-requirements of the acceptance test plan. Five tests were required to completethe High Temperature Mode operations. Prior to performance tests, a run to 2000°Cwas completed to outgas volatiles, such as water vapor, sulfur, and metal impurities,-from the graphite components within the furnace hot zone. Table 2 lists the test..Schedule and operating durations. The acceptance testing required 298 hours ofoperation.

Discrepancies were recorded on Inspection Report No's 503993,503994, and 512330, Appendix C. Disposition of all items was completed by ProjectEngineering. The furnace system was accepted by NERVA Engineering Operations,Project 143, on August 30, 1971. ..--,'•:

8

cR. P. Radtke - 6 -

TABLE 2

Section IVAcceptance Test Schedule(July-August 1971)

March 1972

Test No. Mode Dates Duration

1

2

3

4

5

6

High Temperature

Low Temperature

High Temperature

High Temperature

High Temperature

High Temperature

7/24 thru 7/26

7/29 thru 8/1

8/3 thru 8/6

8/7 thru 8/8

.. 8/11 thru 8/13

8/23 thru 8/24

52 hours

56 Hours

69 hours

37 hours

52 hours

32 hours

R-. P. Radtke . - 7 - ' March 1972

The following paragraphs summarize the test results as requiredper Section 3.1 of Specification AGC 90278B. ^,

. v-

C. COMPLIANCE WITH EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS •

"Section 3 REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Performance. -

3.1.1 Functional Characteristics. - ,

The furnace shall be capable of heating the graphite :work load to the maximum operating temperature witk .the performance requirements described below. The :

work load shall be as defined in Table I and Figures1 and 2. The furnace shall be capable of achievingthe following performance.

3.1.1.1 Temperature Capability. - '

3.1.1.1.1 Maximum Temperature. -

(a) The furnace shall -be capable- ofoperating at a maximum continuous operating temper- "ature of 2200°C, within the useful life requirementsof 3.1.2.2.

(b) Option 1 - High Temperature Capability. -The furnace shall be capable of operating, at a maximumcontinuous operating temperature of 2750°C. within the .useful life requirements of 3.1.2.2."

The required maximum continuous operating^tEmperature of thefurnace was 2750°C, Option 1, above. The controllability requirements, Para.3.1.1.1.2 below, was plus-minus 55°C. Therefore, a maximum controlled temperaturewithin the range of 2695°C to 2750°C was acceptable.

The maximum furnace temperature was demonstrated in accordance with

Test No.'A.l.e, Section IV of the Acceptance Test Plan. The maximum furnace,temperature, as measured with an L and N optical pyrometer, was 2555°C. A .temperature correction, accounting for stem and radiation losses, was requiredto compute the difference between the true susceptor temperature arid opticalpyrometer target temperature readout. (The target was a closed-end graphite tube

R. P. Radtke : -8- • March 1972

extending 8 cm into the hot zone from a side "sight, port..) An oversight oromission of such correction can result in operations at over-design conditions.

The temperature difference was calculated to be 105°C. Theanalytical thermal model is described in Appendix D. The correction for absorptionof radiation by the quartz glass window was 35°C. The total temperature correctionwas 140°C. Therefore, the maximum corrected furnace temperature attained was — -2555°C plus 140°C, or 2695°C. This value satisfied the requirement for maximumcontrollable furnace temperature.

"3.1.1.1.2 Temperature Controllability. -

(a) The furnace temperature shall be controllablewithin + 2% of any.set point, set between 850°C and themaximum operating temperature. .

(b) Option 2 - Low Temperature Control Capability. -The furnace temperature shall be controllable within'+ 5°C of any set point, set between 120°C and 850°C.The temperature will be measured on the work load when .enclosed within a retort, to be supplied by ANSC."

The temperature controllability requirement in Para (a) of +_ 2%was met at 700°C and at 2695°C. The test procedure was given in Para. A.I.aand Para A.l.e of the Acceptance Test Plan. The temperature of 700°C was met inlieu of 850°C because the programed cam controller'was" inadvertently set at700°C. This deviation in procedure was reported in Quality Assurance InspectionReport No. 503993, Item 5, and approved by Project Engineering. The lower (700°Cvs 850°C) temperature controllability was more difficult because it requiredgreater instrumentation sensitivity.

The range for +_ 2%at 700°C is +_ 14°C, and 2750°C (maximumattainable temperature) is +_ 55°C. The controllability attained at 700°C and2695°C was•+_ 5°C. This was within the operators ability to read the temperatureprint-out. Therefore, the furnace system was well within the temperature control-lability requirement of the specification. ;

c R. P. Radtke . - 9 - ' March 1972

The low temperature control capability requirement of +_ 5°C, Para,(b) above, was demonstrated at 120°C, as defined by Para A.2.a. of the Test Plan.The range of temperature control at 120°C was.+_5°C; thus, the requirement ofthe specification was met.

"3.1.1.1.3 Temperature Gradient. - The axial temperaturegradient shall be within 100.°C over the length of the . ..... .susceptor corresponding to position of the work load whenthe furnace is operating at the maximum temperaturecapability."

The axial temperature gradient was determined during Test A.T.fof the Test Plan. The furnace temperatures at the top and bottom viewports weremeasured. The measurements were 2555°C on top, and 2545°C at the bottom. Thetemperature correction of 140°C gave a 10°C axial temperature difference, 2695°Cminus 2685°C. Therefore, the axial temperature difference of 10°C at the maximumoperating temperature satisfied the specification requirement with a 90°Cpositive margin.

"3.1.1.1.4 Temperature Rate Controllability. -

The rate of temperature .increase shall becontrolled at 15 to 60°C per hours between 120°C and2600°C. The rate of temperature increase shall be noless than 60°C per hour between 2545°G and 2600°C. , The ;

rate of temperature decrease shall be controllable at15 to 60°C per hour between the maximum operating .temperature and 1500°C.

(b) Option 2 - Low Temperature Control Capability. -The rate of temperature increase shall be controllable at5 to 15°C per hour between 120°C and 850°C."

The specification required the rate of temperature rise anddecrease to be controllable within defined rate and temperature ranges. Theprocedures established in the Acceptance Test Plan provided demonstration of thelowest and highest required temperature rates. In general,: it is more difficultto demonstrate low heating rates at low temperatures, and high heating rates athigh temperatures. "

R. P. Radtke ; - 10 - March 1972

The Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV, High Temperature Mode,Paragraphs A.I.a, A.l.c, and A.l.'g required 15°C/hr from 120°C to 240°C, 60pC/hrfrom 2180°C to 2600°C, and 15°C/hr from 2750°C to 2680°C, and 60°C/hr from2680°C to 18009C. Low temperature control testing was completed with a stainlesssteel retort positioned within the furnace. Paragraph A.2.b defined the lowtemperature mode test procedure. Heating rates of 5°C/hr from 120°C to 160°C,and 15°C/hr from 600bC to 850°C were required.

The required temperature rates were satisfactorily demonstrated.The High Temperature Mode tests were completed during four furnace runs. Alllow temperature, control tests were successfully completed during a single test.Some difficulty was encountered in meeting the required heating rates because theprogram cams were not accurately prepared by the supplier. However, the heatingrates demonstrated were the rates programed on the cams. A Quality AssuranceInspection Report documented the temperature rate deviations.

• Inspection Report No. 503993, Items 5 and-8, identify temperaturerate deviations from the rates required by the Acceptance Test Plan. In eachcase, the furnace temperature followed the programed temperature demanded by the"cam. This.demonstrated that the furnace was controllable with the accuracyrequired. Future operation will require more accurately cut cams to achieve the

rates desired.

"3.1.1.2 furnace Atmosphere. -

3.1.1.2.1 Atmospheric Conditions. - The temperaturecontrollability and profile, shall be maintainable witheach of the following furnace atmospheres:

» • . ' ''

(a) Vacuum 50 microns, maximum

(b) Argon or-nitrogen . . .

(1) Flow Rate 0.1 - 3.0 SCFM(2) Pressure 50 microns - 3 psig

Vacuum will not be required at temperatures whichcause sublimation of carbon."

R. P. Radtke K - 11 - March 1972

The furnace atmosphere control system was demonstrated during theacceptance testing. Pressure and flow control was shown at all temperatures andtemperature rates. Vacuum was held to less than 50 microns at 400°.C and 2000°C.The ultimate vacuum attained was 17 microns at ambient temperature.

Argon and nitrogen flow rates were controllable at 0.1 to 10 SCFM,which is within the 0.1 to 3 SCFM requirement. Inert gas pressure v/as maintainedat 3.0 PSIG during all testing. The inert gas dew point was less than 1 ppm.

"3.1.1.2.2 Rate of Evacuation. - The cold furnaceshall be capable of being evacuated of air at ambientconditions to 50 microns in 30 minutes, and beingheld continuously for a minimum period of fourteendays." /

>

A 50 micron vacuum was attained within 30 minutes, as required bythe specification. The shortest pumpdown time was 25 minutes. The procedure forthis 'test was given in Paragraph B.I.a of. the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV.

Regarding 14 days at 50 microns operations - no maintenancerequired was demonstrated for 14 cumulative days of operations, as opposed tocontinuous - the later being not practical to execute during Acceptance Tests.

"3.1.1.2.3 Rate of Back-Fill. - The cold furnace. shall be capable of being back-filled with air, nitrogen,or argon from fifty microns to ambient pressure in amaximum of twenty minutes."

The rate of back-fill with air was determined to be 50 microns toambient pressure in 15 minutes. Paragraph B.l.b of the Acceptance Test Plan,Section IV, required back-fill within 20 minutes. Since the inert gas supply ispressurized, back-fill times with argon and nitrogen were less than 15 minutes.

"3.1.1.2.4 Option No. 3, Inert Gas Pressure Control. -. . . " The shell pressure shall be controllable at 5 to 30 .

inches of Hg with argon or nitrogen flowing at two SCFM." . :

R. P. Radtke ;; - 1 2 - March 1972 ,

Both argon and nitrogen gas pressures were controlled and recordedduring the Acceptance Testing at 3.0 psig as required by Section IV, ParagraphsA.I and A. 2. The flow rate of 3 SCFM was maintained at 3 psig pressure. Thistest was sufficient to determine acceptability of the inert gas control systemat all required pressures and flows.

"3.1.1.2,5 Option No. 4, Forced Gas Convective Cooling. -The inert gas system shall provide convective coolingsufficient to cool the furnace from 2750°C to 200°C inseven (7) days at a rate not to exceed 6p°C in one (1)hour.

**". . . '"3.1.1.2.5.1 Option 4, Forced Gas Convective Cooling. -Inert gas shall be circulated through the furnace hotzone to provide Convective cooling at temperaturesbetween 800°C and 120°C,"

The forced, gas convective cooling sys-tem provided a marked increasein cooling rates at temperatures below 800°C. The system consisted of a hightemperature blower which circulated hot furnace gases through a gas-water heatexchanger. ' ' . . . '

The performance of this system satisfied the requirements of thespecification. Using the procedure of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV,. --••.Paragraph A.l.h, a two-day cooldown time was demonstrated. When cooling rates upto 200°C/hr were employed, the total cool down time from 2695°C to 200°C was less

than one day. The furnace test was significantly better than required by thespecification.

"3.1.1.3 Leak Rates. -

"3.1.1.3.1 Furnace Shell. - The maximum allowable gasleak rate of the furnace shell shall be 1 x 10" mm Hgper minute pressure rise when the vacuum system isisolated from the shell, and the pressure within theshell is 75 microns. .

. "3.1.1.3.2 Cooling Water Channels. - All 'cooling waterchannels, including those for the furnace shell, if the .

. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is applicable,induction coil, vacuum system, and supply and outletlines, shall not .leak any water when tesLed at 100 psig." v

R. P. Radtke - 13 - . March 1972

The furnace shell gas and water channel leak rates were testedduring the furnace installation and activation periods according to proceduresestablished in the Acceptance Test Plan and Specification. .

The furnace shell gas leak rate was tested as required by Para-graph C.I of the.Acceptance Test Plan, .Section IV. The plan referenced Paragraph4.2.1 of the Specification. The measured shell leak rate was less than 1 x 10~ mmHg/min pressure rise at 75 microns. The leak rate test result met the specified

-4 -2rate of 1 x 10 mm.Hg/min,. maximum with 10 mm Hg/min margin.

The integrity of the furnace.system coolant channels was demonstratedprior to the first elevated temperature test. The procedure was given in Paragraph1.2 of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section I, No leaks were visually detected.

During the elevated temperature testing, the test procedure inParagraph C.4, Section IV, was used. Several leaks were noted and recorded inInspection Report No. 5.0399.3, Items. 12 and 18.. Item 12 identified water leaks inair release valves on the furnace jacket. The valves were added to the system asa field modification. Release of entrapped air at the top of the jacket allowedincreased cooling of the top flange. However, when first installed, the valvesleaked water. After the supplier repaired the valves, no leaks were visuallydetected.

Item 18 describes water leaks observed in the Baltimore Air Coilwater cooling tower. The cause of the leaking was determined to be excessiveturbulance in the water sump. As a result, water flowed through the fan sectionto the ground below. The supplier placed baffles in the sump which reduced theturbulance, and prevented all leakage.

"3.1.1.4 Furnace Water Cooling. -

"3.1.1.4.1 Capacity. - The cooling water system shallbe supplied by the contractor and shall have a capacitysufficient to provide coolant for the induction coil,furnace shell, and vacuum pump as required to meet therequirements of this specification." '


The capacity of the cooling water system was selected by thesupplier to meet the requirements of the system, and the maximum water outlet,temperatures required by the specification. The system selected deliveredapproximately 360 GPM at 60 psig. The Baltimore Air Coil cooling tower removed

up to 85,000 BTU/hr from the recirculating coolant.

Acceptance tests.which verified the adequacy of the cooling watersystem are given below.

"3.1.1.4.2 Backup System. - The cooling system shall becapable of providing for an automatic alternate coolantsupply in the vent of major component or electricalpower failure."

The automatic alternated coolant supply was provided by ANSC.Functionally, the system was shown to provide cooling water in excess of 400 GPMat 60 psig inlet .pressure. The test^procedure was given in Paragraphs 1.3 and 1.4of the Acceptance Test Report, Section I. .

The emergency water backup to the normal closed-loop coolingsystem performed satisfactorily. In the event of a plant power outage, thefurnace power would automatically shut off; and, the emergency water supply wouldsafely cool the furnace to ambient temperature. .. •

"3.1.1.4.3 Water Temperature. - The cooling watershall not exceed 70°C at the induction coil andfurnace shell outlets when the heating zone isoperated continuously at the maximum .operatingtemperature."

The cooling water temperatures were tested according to theprocedure listed in Paragraph D.I of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV. Themaximum water temperatures measured while the furnace was operating at 2695°Cwere as follows:

<f

R. P. Radtke - 15 - March 1972 ,

* .

Main Water Inlet 32°C

Main Water Outlet 52°C

Main Water - AT 20°C

Induction Coil . 58°C

Power Supply 61 °C

Furnace Shell 61 °C

In particular, the maximum induction coil and furnace sheVT water temperatureswere 58°C and 61°C, respectively. These test results were within the specificationrequirement of 70°C. :?•

"3.1.1.4.4 x- Water Flow. - All coolant channels shallbe protected from blockage by particulate matter (greaterthan 0.05 inch diameter)."

Both the closed-loop cooling system and emergency water coolingsupply have screens which trap all particulate matter greater than 0.05 inch indiameter. When all testing was completed, the screens were checked.. No . • •particulate matter was observed.

"3.1.1.4.5 Furnace Shell Cooling. - The outsidewall"temperature of the furnace shell, includingall attached fittings, shall not exceed 50°C whenoperating continuously at the maximum operatingtemperature."

The outside wall temperature of the furnace shell was measured atnumerous locations during the acceptance testing according to procedures given inParagraph D.2 of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV. The shell .flange temper-atures exceeded the specification limit of 50° at furnace temperatures in excessof about 1900°C. .At 2695°C, the maximum flange temperature was 85°C.


Accordingly, the discrepancy was noted as Item 6 on InspectionReport No. 503993. Final disposition to accept the overtemperature was made.The temperature design limit was found to be 116°C, the maximum 0-ring usetemperature. Therefore, the 85°C temperature was technically acceptable.

"3.1.2 Operability. - The furnace system shall becapable of being operated:within the following requirements.

"3.1.2.1 Maintainability. - No periodic maintenanceshall be required within a time period of fourteen dayswhile the furnace is being operated according to theperformance requirements of Section 3.1.

"3.1.2.1.1 Maintenance and Repair Cycles. - There shallbe no periodic maintenance required on the inductioncoil or furnace shell.

"3.1.2.1.2 . Service and Accessibility. - All componentsof the furnace which require periodic maintenance shallbe accessible for repair. Required ladders, staircases,and platforms shall be provided by the contractor."

The operability requirements of the specification: were testedusing the procedures in Paragraph E.I of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV.No periodic maintenance was required on any furnace component during fourteendays of operation except for the need to add rust inhibitor to the water supply.

Due to rust in the cooling water, it was necessary to add achromate rust inhibitor. This maintenance was listed as a discrepancy, andreported as Item 19 of Inspection Report 503993. However, the disposition was toaccept this action,, since anti-rust water treatement is considered normalmaintenance.

"3.1.2.2 Useful Life. - The furnace system will have aminimum useful life of eight years, allocated as follows:

Rated Operating Life . .-

(a) Time 5000 hours, minimum(b) Thermal Cycles 50, maximum

A thermal cycle shall conform to the performance require-ments in Section 3.1, and a maximum hold time of fivehours at or below the maximum operating temperature."

R. P. Radtke > - 1 7 - ' . . March 1972

The useful life requirement was tested in compliance toprocedures established by Paragraph E,2 of the Acceptance Test Plan, Section IV.The total operating time of the furnace system was 298 hours. No significantdeterioration of the furnace components was visible after testing was completed.

The useful ife of 5000 hours is a design requirement, introducedfor the purpose of influencing the design, but it was not expected and not practicalto be demonstrated during Acceptance Testing.

D. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

Other requirements, as related to conformance drawings, materials,functionality of safety interlocks, were demonstrated prior to shipment from themanufacturing site or during the Acceptance Testing after installation. Verifi-cation of functionality of all items not covered within the Specification Require-ments, Section 3.1, can be found in the appropriate sections of Appendix A.

IV. CONCLUSIONS

1. The performance requirements of ANSC Specification No. AGC-90278A, Section 3, were satisfactorily demonstrated usingprocedures according to the ANSC Acceptance Test Plan.

2. The furnace chamber flange temperature exceeded the maximumtemperature limit. However, the higher temperature wasacceptable because it was within the safe operating limit. .

•3. The largest 2750°C induction furnace in the free world isoperational.

V. . RECOMMENDATIONS .

1. The induction furnace should be operated prior to expirationof supplier's guarantee on 25 August 1972.

2. Precautions should be taken when loading or unloading the

furnace to prevent damage to the susceptor or work load support.

R. P. Radtke - 1.8 - . - . . . March 1972

3. Inspect the Baltimore Air Coil water cooling tower todetermine the cause of the 9 psig pressure drop .whichis in excess of that specified in the supplier's manual.

4. The existing-Tungsten Rhenium thermocouples should bereplaced with a heavy duty type.

5. Prior io future operation, conduct a water flow distributioncheck. Monitor all cooling circuits during subsequentoperation.

APPENDIX A

ANSC INDUCTION GRAPHITIZING FURNACE

ACCEPTANCE TEST PLAN AND PROCEDURES

19

rf"s.

»— oro oO O

oa: h-UJ CO

sCD

.

O

UJO

§a.

•

r

i

SE'.t-i•

I—•ce

to-s-

*-« O

o> •-»

Si T<c —

»-* o

*-, o

<c o

cj; r—

- CJ

«

s s

a: >- c2IT- H- O.

UJ U-d •-< 1«c a; c

. a.• _. ul

v

X.

1o

"3

too

enc: cO «r-f 4-»:4-» (0

»O 1-^- CL

</> UJUJ =2I- O

SKO UJ

ce

4z:o»— o.

inz:0

- - <C uj

ex. oK- _J

Ul CJ

" z:"CjS

C£ lij

ex.-Ul0 •CJ »~«

z:0

: CJUJ

COz:c

§C£UJtnCOO

. ' z:o>—SLUCX0

*-;UJI—

CJ

O

^

^

CJ» o

o> «d t-C* **- --QJ

C I- 4->

CJ 3 <+-

«*- CL-Ocj o c:

I- «4- QJO O i-<*- o

t— •*—CJ QJ CJen > xic: o« r— 4->

<4- "O O

1- O C.O (_> 3

"E £ *"«s -o"o c:. o(U

5 £?if3-0

en v* 3;•^ S«+-v> £ o

•^

x: .uE x:

QJ CJC

- O fc.QJ

x: >,

X «su

V» -r-

4~»

4-> QJ1- EO rOCXi- -

3 •—v» -0 O

C >,•o ra ord .0 >»—

i- i- oo x x:3: <o 4-»

.o

CT>

corfaen

*«CJQJCXl/l •,enc

3

O.

u>>u

(j CO«J OQJ fO

*

""

aQ

T-*

4J

O T> 4~>r— C

. QJi_ QJ -*-»o > **-

-o v> 4-> coCJ XI i- O+-» o O ro

r— CX *3 • 3 OE ••-» VI 2=•r- L-ui o **- cn

ex o cXI CX -r-

M U <9o. E en

- o -o <o ' =~^0 c: s- r-

QJ T-•O 4-> Q O

O CX CJc x: *a exO V)-r- QJT34-* x: u cn. ••r- 4-> 0 CIrt U f-O C QJ (/>O- O L. 3

eu

ooo^

L. •l- a>10 i_o - 3

• •+-— .^ . —

t! 20 3CX4JCX O3 3(/I i-

-O vi

• O 4J - -'T- 3

O

O -r-

^ 3

3-

\j >^ • •^ " »^ id

*^

1 O1- Cl 4J•ox exC «-> QJCJ 0CX*J \fi >,

• CX t. rtJO CJ 3

• •QJ *-> x: cr*O C.-»-> QJ

irt U *f- CJc -. o <u•^ D L-

(.1 E x:• C) O 4-»

— ' O <T3•o -a

— t- *- ino o -o cO COCJ S- «3 •»-t- U1 vt

-J - C•o - o eic E r— e

- »O O TD ••-

£ "° 'i c-•3 S- -r-

(D •— O-4->

-'

4A 1•r^ t-

• 0• O-

i.-?5'O L en

••*> - c -•d.« QJQJ r" ' '

3 -*-VI 0 3

C 4-CJ -r-

XI T3 ift4J C •*-»

C T-

o x s_i- O

CJ **—

o 5 i-t. = 0)•r- *<- "a0 C C

QJ ~ >,x» *> o •T~ C

i- i- s_

VI •—C«- 3

\,t

<

QJ

cQJL.CJ

E3 " • '0 '

- COC) CD

mox; •*-* o

c ""~O en

vt -^c en0 ra

o rao ••—

r— OQJ

-o cx -iCJ Ul " •ura CJCX (/)tfi ~i c

c

.

c

A

2

M

"> ^a ^*•* .»;L, t"

O .o f3-C

1CJ VI rE 3 »-

V) C

O C 0o x:

•r- •+—•o o

. (U i —QJ

C >»-H CJ

* "OCJ C

uo x:

en

ra CJE x:

CJ OJ

_, •£-£t?w x: cj3- 0 S-U ra 3^ QJ </)

J

4-»C

«a:

•CJ

CJ COJ

f- CJQJ •—

-C X]

i- o

-*-* i—

•D CC O

CJ "OJ >1- O

: o E

3 CJ **-: xi o

>>

O CJ3 0

cCJ1-ci • '**-

"

QJ

4->

c

o

. CJ

CX

CJ '•'

^3CL

**» -• J

o . .•3

-*

£O

C M-O QJ

- •«— X)

•r- CJ CJ

O f~ CJ "OLr— >>

t- Or- CJ

O C O-CJ CJ E

U i-•O QJ

O ^ 4->

QJ x: x:L- VI CJ

-o o cjC 4-**o t.

CJ QJQJ > 4-»

3 ~£ «a

QJ QJ CE s_ <a

-'

oc

•~...-*-!•

CJc cr

4-» l_

: sr-a a>

x: i — • .tn CJ

VI •CJC OJ

t- c:CJ L.

"c t3.CJ QJ

x:*— 4-*

O H- ,CJ 0

^C •»•5- <>*"

t V* *

* o-x

~x

•O 1*

i. CJCJ O4-J r-~

E. CJ -o

QJ 4J Wx: 3

c *— -•O *0 as

O v» ZIO C CJGJ O 4-»

4-J ^

c: > **-... (9 CJ O

GJ QJ -4->t- .O

»o *-> x:" CJ rO' O

E 'a«/l CJ

* (/)C> Q) «*-

- > C O

o u cV» -r- O

X) _f ••—

" r-"

cr •O 'C-£ 0

rtJ 4-»

*3 0 „tn OC » —

4-> O

»*- O

CJ4-J 4->

CX«J CJ

D14-*

XT C4~* fO

C l/l

IIQJ JU

'

^

•

iii

. ti

• j

•j

cS

'C

«

Q

x

•«i.a

ai'4-J

Ql

cEau

QJc

aCJXI

u_

S II

Ko•-• 2:

_

•-« ex:CJ €X

UJ CX

o

<VK^-'^

\n-^ ? £'^t• *i .'

^'^-•$

"¥v-.,••<. .C —<N-

t f-j 7-

.1^y-*«-,*-•H

£-"' ^X

7 r;

J 1

^*\v°, i-*;V

•ii•'. t-

^ '""?• "^ ' H '"£;.. '<•• .......t ... V . ... t "

v^^A*C

C/l

1— «

go:UJ1/1c

,-

0

UJa.

-

- "

fV

UJJ—

ocU

^-d.

0

c t<a x:

ucn at

cm-at — .

in f—co at

siat •—3S-trt O

at cI- O

i- <d

E •*•>*a u

u

' CJ H- E.irt -«- t/)

«j at c jc: > <o c

«j jT" *"

iat cr.C irt•»- Q.

trt Oa> •toa> cat ^zt- -M

•o i--r- Otf— •*->

at a>. u t- .. .. ..

ai Cn• c:

i. c:

at ai•o t-O trt

i atcn L.C CL

*-•—O. tot/> c

-"

w

•o«

^•4

•o iO Irto oat a. i

ai •—-o >«o «*- o

i- jz -3 4-> I-irt at

• til to atM- E EO) . .*

•— " c -r- *atat <o trt c:

Af 4J CL

-a c ro• — trt x: x:Irt -4J M-

a> ro o **-i 4-» at o

> x: in•-- c: cn c'4J 01 "- O

a u CL cj M-

3CX,

0

in

OO. —Irt •

i. QJ1- 4-*O <DU E

C r—o at— c .

- - - OS CL

CO t—

— 0at t.

C 0f- O

c•*-> 0

at cn - ^JZ C.

•r~C *O

CL a>o i-

CNJ

>ij

^

•3

atL.

O

0

. C' - -•oCL •3 +->

trtcn atc •*-*

*J cnnj Cat *>—(rt S-

3J^ T3C

ca.

OIf. a>at cr

at x:xi atOH-

.CO

10

T.O)

£_O

•

C

(J 4J

U QJ

CnC cn

1- ••-3 t.

•O 3•o

irt

ai ctrt -r-

atJ^ 4-»

atA3a> o:£*-»

CO*

^

• 5H.

o

•* .

^in c

8"at -a *x: c: i—

to x: j-tn 3 trt•r- O O •

i- z: o«£ -z> 1 irt *Ot 4-» CL 1_

•— x: E atcn 3 3

*— •- CL oo . — .aQJ O (J QJx: -r- o.•*-> -o c: >,

x: 3 at trt+j cr E •*-»

OI Oat t- L. o

- --> 3 ex;i- r- o ra» at <*-irt > a>xi ai **- x:O»— O 4->

• .

*~

1atL.

Q) r— •x: r— at

> Ot— "^ a* -J

c •—OI • O

cx*-» at ror E s- u

3 4-> . 3 -r-O. tO 4-> -O

0 C.— Irt *O -r-10 •»-**-

- --tj 3 'CL•r- 1_ C EC Ol O 3rtj 3: E CLx: oo »— -ai cat xi .c oE ••->

QJ C1- Ci. >, •£3 >»X? 0o •*-> x:

c irt'v. -a•?— <«-> •»— atO 3 i_

f— o cr-.-•r~ CC O> 3

O= i- cr

-*

5

\)

^*vl ^*

-< "

CO

at- j_ —3trtirtatCL

i_-

- -o —S-ou •QJ •—

0•o »—c:(0 •

o

L- 01a> cnwl 3

O cn

-s-CJ

o

E

E

"c- E -

cn

CL

oCO

irt

i — J-CL o

3 njirt i —

uat cnt- QJ3 S-trt

at i-l- 3

i- at'•r- V.<t CL

CM

^

^VT**^*OO

£

ai/c

3crat

.»-— --o

t~o(Ja>

roC

01

OI

•1,

CO

uu(O^

o4-*

CJ

trt

at

n3

•o

rt3

o:

ro*

" 5 ' $r ^ i!>• ^. ^"' X

j C-* o

^

atcn3. i

•5 S i i'E "* T I § a.

• . o QJ u^ _. .. OT — cu •• i~ fa •- EO O 4~> > 13«*- i; • irt 3r- w ° Cfn °i at o i >

C3 > CL, -O O»— • . i— E: CM •—

<a 3 at <o> CL x: • u

O 4-> O -t-=: E E ^ c.

01 CJ 3 3 i. QJ" ' JCcn i o u ox: o3 O <0 ftf O +J C*«3 r— > > . «J E:cn i- x:

at -— x: ^ L.c:> « o -o-^- 3 -o i— 3 in c 3z o

ro • c: at *u <*- •at > n -ats- £ c at t. c^3 E - - o - s - 3 - o -trt 3 at 3 Wltrt 3 - irt c irt tn catu o t- mat i_cv-*d •— 3 <ut~ 3^CL> c> H- ZTCL. K- -

to x> o ra. • *3~ **• *f in

i

*rt s_

i- t- .+-*,,3 at «»-0 ^ A3

**— 3+-• -o-..-.. t*_ <j 0)1

O cO v» *«*- 0_

XT 3 *— •(J C 0 "

S E >>"

•*— ,— 1on 3 -

O **- j;

•*-• irt • *f- i• •*- at

cn X) v» > ;•r- iO Q. • . r— 2tn CL E *•— • IDCL to 3 c: >

u o. o

s e^-z; I-3 (O <O 3-

01 > rtJ •-> x: 4-j c

• — 01 u t- 'r- :<o . x: a> a> its -> 1— E 0 z *

^ m

u3 ^ '« -i

i > o r5*»- o c x :

• ^r 2: a» oCM 3i • ' QJ cr c

o . o .;.->• a> , ••-

i, . - > ai cnO Ol E «3 reJz § i£ -g

• f— u attrt J3 ro E >•>at >• E c> ai t— <tj

^~ Or • C

r— = trt U(O Irt QJ O QJ3 •*-> trt E 1-C O O ••-

3 «0 O *—•*-» -Oi E QC o - c3 • • = . CJ nj

§ -D >-c: c -t- a*

- •• +J""~O tO **— >- - s-

3. C C C *f G)3 O CU S- O) 1 irta O CL 3 * CL.O XI-•— 0 1— OOJ 0

X) " O ^ OJin in in to

tj

n^

i3

£| . . . . .

1

i

I

i . .-

i

»

^

" ' -'

.

"Ein

01 . _.. _

a>

ioCJ

o

cn3«a

c:oa>t- __ ;__ L

irt V

atex

•

<r ujcd u.

<t <Sig

.vo -i toco -.- coo c o

25IS

"•\^ ^

O

cn

H-5>u.*/•

. . . . ecC

;

••

•'

(.

' . •

':.

i;'

. 1 .

•i

i1

• O

PE

RA

TIO

N

'

• -" • ;

' "

— •- •-,__,

&:UJ

or

rl

b\3

xS_^>

ini

CDCM

•o

_..«.,.

cni •

CDCM

CO1 "0

..CM

inO

QJ1 >

QJtn0

2

cninCX

• - o .•in

in*

CJ$_

I/ICJi-cx

*cx3

C £O t~cn dt- •»-

«C E

,_!

3

. V.- " • *

o-3

.. i

>

GJ. v-..|,.IOCM f—

1 'JO E

cn'- --3 . . 4J . ...

cn OJCX

C CJCD O C£

.£> ••— CM

cn

ex

0If)^~t/t

«>t-

v>

QJ

CX

"* ^

cxex

VI

V)nJcn

c •aj Ecn 3

... 0 E4-* C

5 i

CM

CJ

o

E

(OCJ0.

.V -

42

CJJ--5'tn

t.cx

^*CLCX

inin

' cn •6

C 3o^ E*- C

«f •»-*^*~ EE

o cnc; ••—oj inen cxi_QJ CDE 0

LU CM

CO

>^ "•**0

.C O+* s:

_M ai« N

t- C

C

l~<»- 3 •0 4-»-—

in "O4-> -r- Q>cz o ••—

cx QJ a.U 3

•o t— *->to

OJ C 2T

ia <j oCJ CJ "d"5: co co

- :

C

5

t/1inCJ

^»CXCX3O

EcocnL.ro

4-0,

C '

"ciu!o

5 oCD, 1

^

CJ

"""o ~ra

(OCJCXCJcc

in

c(tJ

I/*

0)

<n

1/1cncrcn0

C

. o

o •CXU_

g?a u

in

^XVt

<3ac0 *0T- C

IOL. CMCJ 1ex. oO CM

cn 2: •in

"u >TQJ . f— Oc <o CM

t. <*- cO- - QJ *« -

^ coCJ CJ 1o t. oto • CM "C= QJ&. U •3 fO wi**- CO

CJ 3

fO QJcx c: >

cx o >

«S IS

QJ0 Ore •C CO

<?-l:

CJ.c cn

mc: cx

CJ •i~ CO

I/I •*->

QJL. CJ

. "-^ •••

"O rOC -—re »—

o

4- Ou

c: ^- •o — s: •cn aj u,L- .C tJ

WD

>^ '

VI <*-

RJ ,CJ

O . -•—

JT D> CJ .

t- "£. CX.C•3 • 4-» ~

re u_ s

UK °Q-in ro CJ CQre i_ 1 —

O .3» 4-» tn •

X tn oO - QJ 21

4-1 CX OJ 'O cn "

4-> CM ' +-* 3 •in • tn <a CM3 • 3 en i•«s o -*-j o•0 2: - -0. C= CMre co re o

S- 1>» CJ CD >>TD O

3 2 > 3 ui >.c o i— c: re ~E 4^ > K E >

o -oto to

. '..

,

\ ;

§ :

0

-at-

cr •QJ cn

V)V) CX

O•a •to co

c

QJcxoCJ •a: co

CJto

>

H,\J

,5

§

1 r—

8 £g «to tn

• cnt/t •

K CD c reCM f S->- O . O 4-»

*iO CO CJ ^

. • rtJCJ tn ->» enQJ O JD

O O a)ex. m 4-

jc reO 4J CHT3

cm Q> QJQJ 4-» C

5 g"

U

QJ

04->.c •

cn

g

*^•o •QJ tn • — r

<J t_CJ O

4-> CXCJ

x:«n -cn

intnCn CJ

fc- ' "; -C JZO 4-»

F-

r)^ ,

V":i?3 i VT

* "a

.... ... T... .. ff>

t

_. CM __.,

T

i *>• cni i •

«C O" —o ro crr>» QJ

• cx1 • m oo o2= 2: O

QJ VI •'>- CJ t/i

^— >. QJ

QJ >4/1 CO CJ CD

•— cx^rCJ O-»— •

ft» n

o_, ^

'. • 34->

• • *co

QJ . CO. ' i-

_. . . - ^ — - -o . ...

O" - ~S—CJ •t- cxV) 3

4-* CX •

. 3 ,_^4-> CJ f—

4J rer— UJ (J - .

O ' 4-»

••— »— «a •C co E

X: E 2o 03

0

^ •

21 O 4-»

CX 0E m E

.. CX .... 1 "O

t- CO JZCJ 4-»

i "if **'re i -*J

0 cC c: o

r . t.- O QJ

o reQJ ^ •*3: in Q.O CJ Ocx > o

. c ..... .'re *"o , •> *oc: oo Cm1-1 ' QJ O3 O - CXt—

J~ <O O (J

£v 5

o

«a; tjjoiu.CO LU

oCM

8

UJ CO CO0. OO"BZ. CO CO

O

K~ cu

•-•oflu ex

•o cO O

O E«-* <ut- J *JQJ O wlC — >»

>» V

'cx'o

* TDo c:

t/l I CXt, *-« 3QJ m i <~sO 3 *-> Cn ••-» *o QJ

•O TJ QJ >**->

*e «C CJ cn ^ m

c *• n o v. o- o

o o c' 01 -.or: w, u XT oO-—" Cl « CJ *-* .

it* •?

\DO

01 1

OP

ER

ATI

"*

- .--;^ <£

• - cc.Ul1—

o:

.C U+J -M

co E *J 3:t T- vt

0 . 0

CJ O

O CJ QJ fOy r— r— (j

O_ I- X)E CJ **- C3 -M -r-D- <O •

— 2 cn'cj: E -c o o ""

0 •— *"~C C t*_

r o> • o^ 4-> .C O

r £ Z£ .1- ' 4-» C ' - E CO

0 •— •.- C\J- a> i— .— i/...-> -o ai o•: t- cj s t- co

V d C*

. 0 3 0 0 0r - O •*-» -C »-i ^:

ttJ*1

,

'

• " . *?t CJ X) (0

r— C-O +J iO UVC 3 1CO O »»—

,~~ olcsj^

i 3 o cn> O.CO 1

«i ~ .§O (O O !"••.r- ' • 2;

CJ• • . J- CJ O

vi in 3 CHE:.- O r— •- - -VI 3

^ I-- = V> « O"O CJ Cn cn

V> CO S_ 3O CL C tO> . o cn

— 0 fc-(O S CJ "O •*->> +-> QJ ro

CJ t3 L-<4- > 3: 3 QJ**- •— V) 1_

- o to -o «j 31 > S_ OJ V)

4J O E vi3T3 U OJZ C CJ LO S_Ul to OL to O.

«»- COi r—

""• -

- .EQ>

4->

C* >,<O (/)

*+- ElO -- —

vi "OC CJ0 -M

+J CJ

C_> OJ

o -o•~ >^

= 1_ r—O ftj

CJ VIt- -t-

C.' *C-

uCJ •—

1- S-OJ OJV) -M

0 3:

.' •CXJ

,"eb

C3CO

O

UD •co -oO CJCO >-»-<. 1-

CJE. vi

4-> O

*»L ,W r— "

+-» V>

3: >

C CJi— JD

"S SCJ

*— 4-»ra

o x:

Csl

toi

c

10CO CM

1 ,.

0 T3•z. . c

toCLE •—3 1O- . >•

CJ . O

"3

•— o•0 Z

E '«•O CJc >.

o — > -c cS_ CJ-3 . CL1- 0

10 JCO CO

VICJ

,.* «.

to •«->E oO tO

3 >>• "- -

O_ CnC CL to .O 3 4J

VI 3vi OC i-S- CJ L.

4-» HJ-.3:3: O

§ >»o -o

CL C QJCJ -M

(- cn fOCJ i- •—•M CJ 3

V)

c roCJ cncn >, c

Cl >^ t-

w S-5

CO

CJ

•5_EVI

o .•*-*CLE

O-

i.a>

O cn

**- 3M- Oo

L-C Ot- 3:3 Oh- CL

JCO

L. VIO t-

<0 <f- O

'*3 -M "**cn <d -o 'o . QJ

CJ >• 3i- o cr

V) 1 1-

QJ O * V)i_ r-. o toQ, J-

1 2: VI CO ;>.

or o i-^ -o ex:a. > o. c

1 i-i (0 4-*«C itf'E- wO >• CJ O 3 .

CJ VI . -D• -*->>> *• fO

O rri VI . ^3

vi O «O CJ3 «Q 'CL QJ Q.-0 O " CL O•o o s- Z +-> <ZJ

E T-"-- 3 o

CLr—CJ -M •

t. > i— COCJ C' ~ CVJ4J r— T- f(0 •— O3: s- co

CJ S->»4-J CJ *-0 *T CL Oc J d.sCJ 3

i- .C ax:QJ 4-> -C U

QJ JZ O) VI

"Cs. v a

QJ S_ i— -r-t/l (Q f— ~OJ3 4J CJ C

<*-CO

- .

"£ «4-» i_3 OOM-

c

3 S-CL O - -

U ' »C Oai CQCnf—S-CJE • •OJ O :

•-ai- cjO cn(j • 3CJ tOt- O

S- 3 O3 VI

QJ t- -r-2C CL4-»

cnCO

o«0r-43E. -

-• -(/|

O•M

CL

CJt- 3=CJ O•M -CL' -

to

E 0I- COc o

•MC

- o c: —i-

c; 3I- -M3 CJ

1— S-

«d"*"

t oO 4-»*-»3 C*O S-

"^•sO S- '

VI T34J CJ

JC ni

3

*— ••— i_-— CL, VI QJ

'CL i3 (U OVI CX

|_ c OCJ *r— •»—4-» U S-

- tO 3 4->3: -O O

CJ

C i —• Q>- (O r~

cn <J fd

QJ 4-i I_E «J Ouj e c

^

^>»exQ.3

J_CJ

(03: •

s s

hat

emer

gau

tom

ati

4-» «+—

QJ O

S- VICJ -MV) 3

O V»

-d** -

cn

r-

U(-

•" U ."

f-

i-Q

• C(O

ooE

C •

k- O4-1

c: o•- o E

c: Q,t E3 3

»— 0.

10

0C

£

V)

(O

CJ O

o tof- (0QJ 0

4-» i-. CJ

cn-M

O CJO "—(J -1

C3 viCQ >

in

CJ O

S . - • " ' .V) • 'or - - - - - cj *

-Q 3

v> cn >»

>• c "co o

c; cj c<o t- o

3 **"'

S- VI rtJ •O CJ E-0 t. £CJ O-.Ot- «*-

I- C•a cj •.-C 4-*

S OCJ .-. **-• . -

i- VI S-£. O OVI fO CJ CO •*•..d o cj h—CD r— o:

ja Jm in

toutLUZ3I—CX

mooi O o

O r— \£>

UJ CO COO- O OZ CO CO

r-?

3

< OO <;

U- (_J

*o

<

rra ro •«— 3:

i— 4-»._X Q_tn ^ _ XX-

o -- t-•— P— "O O

<O O QJ

CJ O

OI • -

->»--•* • :

—g—z—g->> •— O r—

"i T •' " '«* " • ""Q>

a i 4 - * ' - M < r -

- flj

OJ d.*J E« O

.£z

o ^~^~ T3 O*J C -r-

VO VO VO VOCO CO CO COO O CD Oco ro co n

Cll— a.«£<«U«

0»-• o>- to

r- -

gZUJ

J> IM

.A.O .. r—

OJ

Of- i-

3* t— O•n T- OI O

r— t- <D ' O

CT E -t-CJ <V— 't—

i U «— <C to•»-• t.

1 S- -O >> CJ*-» • - J- M- Cf>

| O O •— to

Iden

nent

I •— t- O

O W ' T3 +7*•*— CO

O •*-» ZJZ U -M «*-

QJ U r—

'T— CJ 4~* E

O CJ -O *—i_ 4-J *xiT- (O » (J

(J U CJ 'r—

•—-04J> C

Q_ S_

me •o s_

T3 (J CJI_ 4JO 1- CJU O E

i_ o .—E O•o >c ortJ -t~> J=

QJ *r-

•CNJ i_CO O •*->t— «- CJ

CJ

<c-o <u»— E

10 OJ

r— ,— (J

%-. «*-(j Q; »

- •— -r- O E

E toO E -U O +J r

f^ ZJ i

•— O I -irtJ C E

O t- 3

a>QJ

•i— i— 3 t-•— 03 **- O>CX (J .CO-f- * +-»

E tO .

O OJ»— Q.

O Cn

'Eg

s. .

t. *-> OO O .C

•4-» O -M

§0^ fn

o •«-*J fe^ ext. exO 3U irt

30»-O •-• X

a

s. : - . - S

0

•

e£

CtL

C£

.

cn+J<O •»-*4-> 5

> 1

in

£; "2• Q ra

at EBt-

c . o.

t/i ».+-> a>ai o os: > a.

' . .*~ . *v>

ai . .jr>

s «o >-

*-> 1-

•o a> i.at vi o

O- ra 3

vi at a>GJ VI i — >»

-C -r- 0.f— O. i~ OL.as -*J 3

•^ ^ >> "*

0 00. 5^ai co 3 o

•— -a- v> a.41

0•Z. r- CM

O.3

in

VI

u

- fc- -. - -

at

<o

.

0CM

O

Vtat

3O-

3O

O- -0.

3S- E

3: XO ra

CL E

raCM

mioCM

U

•o

3

- V* 3 ~C

O) ECO =

03CM

C

"E2^CDin

£

+->

fOr>

O

Q.a.3

CL.

^jCM

oo

0

5(O

c"*~

"

czoc3H-

UCM

03

&-4JU

^~

3O

•g

inat

L.a>0.o

O- OCW-r-3 +->

C

O A3

jj

CM

Ct-

«/>

at <QCLE cora i «•o i —(0 -

IA O

0 >>

V» CU4J VI >-M i_ T-rtJ QJ -M

g -M 0

— E o.•«— VIi C 3 -O t-

1- CD O_a> o E

•r- -O CD+-» c oQJV-°'SO OJ -M0 CU 3

•*- OJ 3CO -0 O

CM

-C E E I-3 O 3 3 Ol- • •*-> E E 2

1 *rt •»- t— -r- O

- •»-> v> ra t-.i - E E S !

D •»- 4-» o ra"" E «r— 4-J Ot

mo +-» o

I- (J U)O) O O> E CJ 4->at o j^

t- -> u at+-» c c:CO) S- *»—

s- +J c cr o(J -r- 0)c: u x: -o

x'1" o. * 4-1 ra .X ra CM c*£ 0 .— CJ C

i E OO O O "M •*-

r- O 3 i-E • ••"> */>z c at o "D o-« -»- os.z <a o.

L>. 'J . .

3;

-CD

ID

c

<tf

4J(ti

O4->

~oQJ

1 "QJi_

"ra i •"'o. cQJ -i-Ct E

It- CCM . O

co«.

<J

c£u

o

U

oLoc

T>C

: «

j

C VIO +J

i- en -o o cuO_ 3 OE tn o J_ **- O.ra ra s- cu o

en x •—

ai 3 QJ *r— . cu

*-> in - •«-» o.r- r— ,— Ot E J_o i o -c <o> o > •*-> cu

CM C - -•a -o i_s- • I- ra in .

02: u c - oO! • CU *O *

O 0 S- ."O OO • • T3 UJ • -3

.t- •*-> • _ _ s_ «3- • — . . • : •

• O 4 - » O « a + - » t / l •»-»!-O 3 ^J at CU O GJ O's r o r a E i E z E O .

CM CO CO

•o cuat jc oW -I-* C

cu cu -acO vi O

•o u i—

O 1- vi

cu ra•o cu <+~

c +j to ... ._ . _

ro xt -

• t. oo >, o_Gl r— J- - . .cn ra atra u 5 •

O) T- */l

o •— o at

.CO

t/) Uluj rz>^h- o-

UJ

re a:§ u_O UJ

o:

^>ii

CDcn

1

COCDCO

I I

52 - ' ..II

\£> IDCO CO00CO CO

1 ' '-

• . . g •' .**"

§ro

fcUJ

O

'Bi-t. *-»at cc o

2L,££CJ <C

— • u_*t_ »-« >-0 OCCO

>en

s =5; o»-

• °- P£• «r otJgU, CJ

' • • £ » .Ul COO

Wlarcp«t>•Ul

. t/1

-- g

' • ' " • " g. . Ul

fe•/

_' _;

: . - /

--- ' ' : .

or

CJ

"

>ft:

-4 ,T,

c^=>

»"O1.C

> oCJ 1

CO O2: .

0 CJ

o«tXJc o •ro +> L,CJ CJ +JS~ <J CJ

- 3-r- El/l > +•>ro J-r-CJ O Os: </t >

-* .

. j_oE

, ro

o*-»0>o •

- > cjt. 3

N cn3C C

u> oo

t.CJ Cf\n *->ro ro-et *

o"CJ

CO -r- '

*J - 4•^ r- ^

• p l^T '.-4^ -j f"^ ~~. ^V ••. 3 ^

® H^^^^& - ~

^3 X ^-K ^ ,-v* "^ -VT"

<- X^

^7 nv~™ ^ "•:-** 3-^

•.* £;-s r-,-a o

•o ro i,*o • • o o>

**- «X cn u

^ ^ *'°. C <rt

•o c- . *- o cC- CJ CJ

+J O_ i_ M— *

ro u c -to c. ci ro a> o»

O ro * .- CM ^- o^ CJ 4J CX

-r- O' Ur O E.

r» o c» c 3 <j:o o -a o u o r—t. r- .r- , s_ CD ro

O Cl 0 O CSJ -t-c> > c: o t.

-. . tt» 4->- -- i- 3 - - - C J ^T 4->O ro , cj »f- u unJ CJ Ul i — iU -a CJs_ o xi ro t- c r—

l— •— o E i— ro CJ

m JD «CJ C\J CO

"""§" "

** w>CJ CJ

5 roM- t.

E . . . 0

r o E CU 30

S- - -4-J-t-> S- CJ0 0* C

OJ S •—

•*-* >> EO C •—

• ^: o ro

2 CJ $_E -•-»

VI OJ CJo atrtj C OJj. ro... oj .- — , ^>--- --a- t~ 3

•0 E 4->< . 0 -r-ca . z; x

-V"^c% -^\1

\^rr>-^

V)

Jj;J V"O

ro

ro .• -M

O O CJ

o -^•o E o

ex c:e o

- CX C •

ro +->E <J

O 3C **- .

10 ^CJ 1c: o <tCJ CO OJ

-- - cn

OJ l/l toja E o oo cj 2: ir

CO

*».

i

\•\

\

f^6

f/l

t>N

J-OJ

,3

>»Uc:o

" cn

CJEUl

»

CJ•«->

J?0.

3o_J-*J

^

u'

cnCJEUl

Vrx

is*Vj'

H

fj .

PA

tr /

, CO

£X

CJ4-J .

t-

Cp

3 '

* '

5,0

1 — rtj

4^ c*-> OJ

I °"o o

ro cx. vt i~

3 C

t- l-

•M £

S>S._O

cn L-C. CJci 3:

-iSa

fes^i.* ^eat£«^ IsV p

t7"

^» <^

cJ• i;a-. 3 -•o

. cc10

CM1

gr^

"D."C

grs~

O

Ul

ro vo> i

cj €3:cxo

CD r*x

, 5

*Jc.G•*J

. ^CJ "If"

ro -*->4-> ro

O CJCX

i. OCJ ',3: jr cCU 4-» ••- •

•o ^ u4J 3ro t-.t*-

3 *J ro

£ 3^ ^3 'nsro c ci

c: r— +Jr- CJ CJt. > o3 CJ f—•O -J CJ

-|

^

ro

»— 'X t-3 O

-o o.Cro CJ

rotlV-

S i$•£

3 "^'O.O ".

r- 1

O. •

^

o.'a» cj"ji cn3 Ct •*-»-C I- 3tO -Q O

O

...

^^v."S^c-

> ^

>j<" '""

" i f

SV)• $ • ••o

3.O

l/l Cl .

• < I-'

ro c_ .-.J- -t-

0 (0

 • "

tJ

~

-^h-"1-cA^

(4

1 \O0-<

4-»i— OJt- CJ >

W 4-»

cx-c: jz3 CJ

*J O OJ

at *— o>> > ^.U <D 1-

CU CX O

E ro CJ ui

+J i_CJ CJ O

+-*•*-* ci ro -- C O

.S^ S"c.

* :

&;•a^ ••<S-".^4-,Si*;-.• - « j , •xvt

cn_

t•—^ .

- O >

»-t- "~ cn

3CJ

J •*">

Sfe

. -

-o >

cj rn

S t-cx-o

>,»-^sro ro

CX O

CX CJ

"(ttJ >> O

ro cex aj -a

r— !_-*->

^r C 'C EO >»-r-

^K r-W,

... «,"...->.

--*, ^

, .

^v,. Jv 4•>'i V^^^ -X t• n^ :.

' • - _. f

-

? "5c

in u00 C

4J

O »— »O .

^- ^- 0

V> '(O T

0 JC • •4J 4^ .

O O >

c: i a> a>zj i — ja ro

I— «r . O D-

5 CM

, - '

"" JZr^

r—

..» ... ._. :_..:s-•»-*-"

«•o

C71 3

Wl

CJ

fO CJcx+->

7-. ? '

C «1O CJ

CJ •»->

g;

VO UDco ooO O

UD IO iOCO CO QO000n ro ro

CO CO0 0ro <*> .

«t -as

o *—•r- XI CJ*-» C •*-

32T

C

O

; __.-

. - ' : ' . ' . . ' ' §

— '• •••

• -

C£• •• • • Lij

t-

C£

\0 JZS- CL

O O>

cn <o— c CL.---

o "reO 3O C«o re

OJ cn4-> C

t/i re

ll3 OO(0 C

QJ QJ

o-ooQJ QJ CO

CO O |—

re: f°

-o ai o?C 1- t—re to re

0

CO r—

00^»— »— 3

«*-

"** J5 "*-

V) On —V- 3QJ re c

O QJ 4->o i- -r-

£'5 '*(/I O

QJ O» •*-»S- L.3 CLT3trt QJtn «j 4J

i- • i_

Coi_u

E

-- o

o.

•ess

ure

i •

' '

• :

Red

uce

cham

ber

p*

x»CO

t;o

u

• r-CO

. «— O QJ *rt

3tSt ID »—

; : c oi -a 3

4-> QJ

J 3 XI 3

-o tfV C 3

re v)

. " oCXCO • i.

CO OJ O.C 1 to o o -*-» •C *"" *~" 3 >

• t. "O • ••—) OC71 3d O T3 -Qr: h- re 2: «=c re

o -aCO CO

*

8 |

C5^*XO re re QJ10 E '-

— - cn*-* o --o 3; re toO JZin i/> +j , —

- o o o i_ « »*-o ur -,- >^»fr-

E i- o• re

O CD 1/1 &^

m o QJ•— .0 C

QJ -r-o -o c jzo c; 4J

O CD 4-> tO -r-

f— C« 3 *~ <J•i-j J_ (U

-0 "X) 0^-

o; O Q) t. QJor co 4- QJ -o

QJ

3

i-QJ

I

•M

re

u •

— CL t

rs4-»

t-C CJo-ac oI- U

to"*

01fc-<c

0CM

t

0

• t/1

QJ*OL.0

t- s:

L. • •

^j 're o

QJCL QJ

01 re

_ -

re

ico

1oCVI

u

OJ-aiQJ

jj'

"*

JZ 1U 0

, rtj 1—01 40

cO QJ

0— '•— • cxrec -acn at

« res_

>-j^E •—

o rein u

Inpu

t a

stan

dard

,re

cord

er

usin

g a

met

er.

/ •

.

u*

— «co

uQJ

1 -QJ-o

• ' OJ

oQJ

•o

e. a " •i.

c

o

G•cC

C •i- c:

o

• QJT —C *-

OJ

,TT- -

" EL —

•'i- 3

Q

O

cto

o•-eg

O

CD -

O

QJ

O

(J

reQJd. •CJ >ct: H

4—

j(jreQJ

£.-•-

Co

de

fle

ctl

i •

i-0

re

-a s-c r

• c

(J QJQJ 4Jor to

C7»*r.

- • c- -"rr

t- QJ

o- .QJ

•o.-cn

- -O

i_

•r- > QJ

If r

eq

uir

ed

, re

adp

rop

ort

ion

al

seal

ig. .

i

', ;

J3

» .-t0 ECO}_

' i-SO h-*•-

oil> reore o

u

(0 H-i_ QJ

a- reu

. -l-» V)reGJV-

• flj 3or* 4—

U>

CMI

O2=

vTOJ >+-* E

O

O.CO

*J +

0

U QJ

x re

F— 3

3 <J

S

— --.- —

incr

emen

ts.

i

•

o

iUJa.o

SOf

13

o 5S

c

t— JZ 4-» VO

•

•*-•-•"' ^E_-- C3

• • • P

ocUJ

. . . . l/lcc

! oP

"~ . UJ0.Q

to

0•••" 1

2: o:<C UJ

o- rrt—t/> >-UJ )—

o to

^— -"fc«UJ *-H

<f§H-oUJ .c/>

•a:ccUJH-

(J

_

to ' '

QJ TO -

4-* OOl »J " 'JZ CJ

Q* XJC C

i_ inO 4-*

TJ "x

4-» C *O

s5« 0o •J- OJ 4-»

•*- «J 3. 'L. in in

a. 3 i.

^4-»

.. j;

<n V) O 4->4-> -r- U in

S QJ ^"w •£4-» c; —

(O «J 1. XJM CJ. QJ

-O - - - - - «0 O >>

Q-.—

o, c »(O _^£ X> QJ

QJ -OrtJ QJ 4-*

t- . QJ cr i —

•r- -f- mi- *n»~

cn - c QJ GJ ~

§ in 4-> >>c o o n

r— "*~ C QJ

««- »— U -r-

£ -512'S

.....

- . • - '-•- •

_______

. C

* JZXJ QJ • 4->

QJ i- ' JZ •— -r-

4-> ISI i_ C

3 c: x> ••—•— 2: QJ e CDXJo o >, o c s-

• . QJ c: O -r— •-- »O

! ex"* 'q.-t £ "c

O QJ C S 4~»4-> V- O i/l

O QJ (J QJ

JD (J « — -C 3

in QJ H3 QJ . —

CX 3 fcrtW t/1 C C

-> C T- 4-» M— «3t- > U O C

CJ QJ O (/)"*"* ^ ^QJ TJ •£ -

) QJ 4-» r3 i — i- -i-

1 I'B'i-SII

. :_: . . . • .

• • - : - • •

~~~~~~~~

. . . ;• . , . : / . • • .

XJ• QJ ••" ' ~*

1 O ' C CJ0 4-> -P*J

L. J_ t*- O •Q. C O CJ ^ X)

O **- X) . QJ

JZ'4-» (rt to . «3

CJ E * CM CJM .£:,_,. ,_••r- - • - " * — QJ O +-» "

E «~~ c in c•*— "^ c *ac: QJ o ex

T— QJ m u_ viE u fc. «_> -t-

X QJ •—

*J QJCL 4J O *-> >

E c: <C •— •4-» Q.- t— t_ X QJv> r- 3 — <n>> <t> m «3 ••-in CX JZ O CJ O

E . • tf) cxo: c:O v> m QJ XT CJ

QJ <TJ > 3 *a inQ. >» c: QJ o Is in

4-> -r- -r- CJ U

•— (0 QJ 4-» JZ X

CJ •*— tn jz 4-J QJ

r- fo jz o ••- c o '— J3 4-> ^ V •!- ZZ

-.'

C?

XJCJS-QJ

O

(/>

X)

o£XI

ov

c

•JoC7>

4_*

t/1

OJ

"xbHI

va

s£ :• o

3 :. ' ' . .' . _ _ .

*J 0 <J

. •- 7! = • "~• 4J - Q ^j• cn o * o • o

CL. C CD. c

O tn il jz ""in- f— 4-» CD 4r> 4-»

^ """ ° "^*" d - w . r*c >>z c= •>>i o c: o co c4-> <O » — 4-> S «J4-> QJ 4-»

• O CL • QJ o4-> O .-= . . 4-» E O

<G £*€>= CJ "u £1 •4-* i~ 4-* fO t .

"^ 4-J 4J CX XJ4 - > C C C 4 J E C CJC « J O C J -CO «3O

r- - > C "t! X- >tj

JZ . QJ Q. JZ QJ Q) LO*« «n XJ E we in

. CL. o to o ex, ex" o o

•O J3 O XICM CM CM CM

5

*>

' QJ . -

w>

• Cn

GJ - .C .• « . . . . . . -

o - • • - ' - • •i. '

O XJ(j QJ

^- QJ .

•>. •

Q^

Vj

§

O0X

COi0CO

d. 2=CXE3•CX

cn

GJ ^. ... 4-> . CO

s .in

*ro "2?

I- tnO CJc >

c nj0 >

c ct- Q)3 CL

1— 0

.= .5

O 4-»

~ ~c chr"~<o c

o o0

C;fc- TJ3 QJ

. 4J 4J .

JZ 3cn E

QJ cn tnJ-» i— O

O 3- _- fc. X» QJ

4-» I_

wi 3t- XJ in

'4-> 3 QJto o i,

^E V> CL

*oi>QJ

TJ

CM

*°r* cn<i3 1•— O

1 COCOd.

Oc: zo-M CJ3 >

(O4-> >OJin QJQJ r—

... i_.. 4->4->

JC OVI i~3 JZ

CX J—

<J T»

~'~

_

CM

O T>CO S-

o •• O XJ

- •. . O QJ Q.tn 2T S- X>in c:O . in XJ 3

*— CJ C C

L. ro CJ VI3 ' CT»i — T-»n 3in CJ ~o EQJ !- 0 J-t- 3 E «JCX tn t—

in r— «3V- QJ QJ

GJ 1_ > C-*-> ' CX QJ CJ

CJ 'Jo c tn<J CM QJ3 QJ S-

-U > QJ 3C i- jz in

•r- QJ 4-> in.tn QJ

4-> c> <a cx

QJ

-•...,....„-•-

'_, ...- .

-

CM

r

in

„o

- inO

4-*

cn

4_)

5OJ

OJ

JD

<+~

•— OJo «-•O 1J

>J £

^

^Nr %^W^\ . ^ "•! • \ V

z:o

5UJOL.

0

r~QJ>QJ

*

£-

4-1 V>10 OJ

CD**- 3.

CD

cn-o

O (0i-

JZ QJ

.0 *«.*"" >

+> QJ

QJ 3O_-o

C7»^~ . -

CO10ro •

c>

CX

O-

't.occ •oc:t.3

1—

«CM

cni

<ro-

tnQJ>rtJ> .

c'QJCXO

.0esi

to

COa.

o

3

OJVI

att.

1o

£r~*

£tA

O+3 .'

- r 'O

tA "*"' ''

O

*QJIA I-

OJ Z»

>i*^'

tA OJO 4->i — ra

T3Cj -

CJ

J2 . •

*T3»— Cin *o

* oo10 C

, . j— i-3

o in

+-> *~

a> c

4-> tO •

4-» * Cv- • - •— 3 -

QJ VO • O

OJ * Ctn o i- •JD' i£) OOr- J=

Cj'esj

B

(O

<o— QJ

0c:at

(A

04-*

CO

,_1

COCX

co4->4-> .

3JD

:

a.

H^csr

• . entA C

J-: 4JU 4-»

2c

4-> O C

^ 0T- » IAr— OJ

Itf *° E'QJ «3 rOCX »—E oj <oQJ C

-*-» O QJ

4-> O -r-

T3 O 4->

• a • ' •CO

OJ

IA

3

T3ro

. :£_OJ

SJZu

1/1 £ J^j^ O " 'C<J JC •*-<O tAQJ QJ

' 4-> +-> (Qrc OJ^n -o -cz4-> C

3 QJQJ O ^

QJ r- c:(A r~ . QJ

-Q ••- CX02 O

CO •? .

4J C

. s ^O JZ

_f— c-

U 4->

'•t- JZ

l/t -r- •

^- o•^- «3 O

en O

3 +-> -O4-» 4-> QJ(O QJ >

QJ QJcx *a i/iE -O01. 0 0

tA

••-ten c 5•O I— T- -O

«t tA . =

^ • /g*- in

c •oc .3

• •*->

to cin s_'r- 0

t. • ^3CJ CO)

•a ^r njz ir> o-U i — 1_

a> (A

ia ~o>^CJ •*-^ • i — t.

O

ra : c:4J CJ

•— QJ (AO) > ••—

V) QJ

C J3 CT- O <0

• " •. in

n. ioCO

o

CXE

QJ. 4->

S

^>

emer

geni

' C_ o ..

c

3I—

.'

to

co .

c ;

^3

r—

o

4-» . ' .. -

en . . .f~~ t

*— -o • ..0 c3 3 • ' - - • - • . . 'o o -1- tA -

o> £i- _cQJ ' • • ' '• . 'tA "CJ - ~ • . • ' •

og ; • ' ' : . . . -.:.• - . ; •- .- • - - •

10 - .

O *Jf3

e s

(A 4J (J•o i- •»-»C QJ -t-3 > 2

-O O totA

J- QJC OJ 1~t. 4J 3

£ S «

r- OJ

C E vi -

OJ en ox: c-jo QJ

OJ t. OJ 3

*— trt

O CT r

tU.s Si

"OSCO *—

to toCO COo o I

(i

t- l/l• • • - «« z:

0-*»-*u,' *-" 3srO o: O3

" Ul: >•m

X s V- «•¥ T-7 ^Tt> V J1" 2 = j

.^ j» -3. -?* ' • -Jvr- - i ~~~ <i ' ~ « ~ TT -"•V ^ 0 - 4 ^ |\. \ _ , i ^U. , , •. v=1..r ..v .. _ i <K; , -vT

C

o

•

z0*~«

1 ^-

- • - r..v: UJ10CO0)

. .

.-

.-

• [.

• I

•'

i ~

: -....

•"' I-

• ' •"

-.'

1 •

-i

': .•

-.

'•

' :

' O

PE

RA

TIO

N ' '

"

\ .

: •

-:

la.

Ope

n im

aln

vacu

um v

alve

No.

20-

4,w

1th

cham

ber

pres

sure

at

less

th

an

20 n

m H

gpr

essu

re.

Mea

sure

pr

essu

re w

ith

gau

geN

o.

10

-2.

. I

••-

.

OJ> tn

»— C CJrO i. J-.'"> 3 TV

*J v)E in3 4J QJ

• ' • -S-iC't-'-CJ Oi CL(tj n-

CJ 3C QJ Xt 3— •— E 0ra X) <C ruE 3x: >

O CJ• t. cn

c 4J c rcO CJ

£^"sl

»— i- .— tn CMo: QJ ra -o ,UJ 0. CJ C 4

. ...|— O'r- 3•-* 4-» O OO£ E ro in CM<J 3 E

3 O C QJCJ 4J i_ >«O 3 O O> «J -C X»

Cn v> -OC O C in•P- in «O CJi- O V)3 »— C t-0 CJ 0 L.

-—.3-fjpl•^v

tCJ

4->oEO+J.

•• 3iO

Co

OOenCOo_

- o

o"Z.

x:CJ-M .

*5

— tn -

+-*Oto

X)

V . . . . - . - - -; .. , P

r-: a - . • •• tfc«L = -. : - ° ^ •-• • ' .

1 • • • - - • • . - . . • : • » . *

n « • - • • . . . . - . • : v a vo • • • . <1 \M • • • • -- •_• • : . / ; . : •< V • - •-_

cn • • • - - - _^c . -o -o . - . . - a t i ^ . .

•»- 1- C - IA • - r— 4-» (X •o ra n a r o cnc . . . x> i~ p. — 4J -a •^ <" - — . i- c - .. . 3 «a 3 o x: c-o^ 3 x : - C " C ' t / » « 3 - o c • o o , t r t > c n ( a c > .o o «o cxs: 4J o «*- o t. E- aj •*- cI- V» -X: U. -SSL - - 4-»O 5 - r - r - » O J

• * - > • ¥ — V J 4 J ^ - O f O « J V > C J • ' < ! ) 4-»O_c c i c o i o x:x: c - x : O J ^ T D . ^ - ^ - O•*- OJ t- J- n »— .CJ^-» W C J - 4 - » O i - C J r - _ . ..

- _ >" 3 o; - -r^ ~" 4-» ' .' 3 . " "• ' <o O n Ci.ro O vt>> t— *-> 4J. o • T-X: +J aif— j_ » — cj-r-

J3 nj to 4 - * 4 - » O SO • 1 Q J C ' O . l - S -> co ci <o 2; in T- CM 5 CD ex c? c: CJ ra L.'

O V O 1 - C J . X C O O f — O < 0 4 - » Os- x: r— cn i - v ) 4 J . 4 - » s " »— r— ^a- j- cmo3 O 3 0 X : C - ^ - OJ VI O T3 ••- •— -Otn i— . J J - t n c n c n r o E * - » ' • X»»— 4 - » O C I 'w x: o o tn 'f~ H - - ^ < J - O . QJ x z x J C M i - o x :QJ • ^ ^ **- o •*-» *— T— •+- • z c c: cn o »— .u*- E. i- 1- . ' cn O**- O ro - i— ^ c O FOJ - "CuU. +J 4-> TJ O.CJ 4-»(rt CZ C J C - O 4J • *->CX »— CJO - O - M O J . - , . ..

--- c_> • ro x: *r* — C" "•— -o ••"••-' ~ " s- ••- ' x: -a " 4-> " " ' " «j x:l-to cn •— i_t- 3 C ^ - 3*jj-> cni_ 3*— *— CJ *a QJCnCQJ Q J . ^ - QJ <03 O '•*-»•« 3 • • • - «0 X»O •— a j X T f - Q j "

' X l « — -l-4-i i — O J Q _ X ) C T > » * _ o O < O U X : i — CJ I- rO CJ4-> •*->• — XI-E 3 3 O E C (A CJ 1- (.1 VI ,.-' XI 4-> +J irt rtl S •fO4J inx: 4 - > » : . r a ro -r- - 4-> • (U 4-» . ' t n C ' 4 - » c ? C J 4 ^ " D - -xiifl in in . ro i/» c x:u rac i n d - r g o « 3 i n ' o o ' . «j • »— o * a c i n - -cj QJ x:-o i- 03 x:i_ nj E +J x:-»- 4-»cj x: cJ f— x: *a TD

t n i - = * J c : . 3 - a - » - > o c n Q J O •*•» 4-» +* 'c 'O J r O CXE 3 <+- i — " Q J O XI *J*-*-O C QIC -O-"V» r - 3 " '«/) O» . . »o QJO . int- CJ C l - - Q J i _ x: O • OJ C*-' Q j l Ora "Of- >v) OJ. ra'4-» >-O O - -*J rt) >O 4~» CO > n > Q J . > O w - _ . . . _

- c> 4-» - - v. <n - i- s_ — QJ c - i- c: - '• ui . |o) i- x: *" *-» ' i_ c v. «—J - t . . O = " Q J C : 3 C n - t - * r - Q J f a c: 3C Lc -QJ XIXT** QJ • C •«— CJ COCJ CJ mi^ ' u f- ' cj .w t. ' . -»-5£3| inT3 v>cnc tn Q J X » " V » . L -

-CC QJO X ) O C J c n c > , X1C 3 "O J— !«1 . X > C 3-r -QJ XJ C L r a J 3 O O•—•r- a;*-* ox: to. OL ; •-• xi oo »— «i !•«- ora a_ f~E o o*-> O = x:

CJ ~O OJ (O X t C J . r o X ) CJ 03 X) rrf X)•— »— . •— CM C M C M f O f O CO r- ^- CJ CM

•& * • cc: T3 >> v» o> . ' ' i/ira c r- "o x: - t?

•*-» to QJ r— C • 5 C,J- ( 0 3 Q J ' 3

•C3 U O t - C =Oc o tn ^- v» 3 . o **- vio tn 4-> -M . t*-

ra i- o_ o o a > 3 CO-• • - - • * - 3 4->x:o_ 4 J oxixi

OJ *» 4. 3 E • -r- QJ ;.C . Q J (OtJO* V » 4 J X J CO4->Xi C4-* 4 J - O C C J .

X:E n-rdil x: " 3 * 0 0 ;OJ . cn ta t 4 _ o j • cn -ooi-*r-J3 O * > - "• • -r- C"3 r— 0 CO v- *- C CJv> tnO . = O f c -

l-xi*-> x : c c n - x» c t - v >Q - 3 - v » t - ~ 3 K ) 3 L .

O C 3 TD "O +-» OC J . 1 _ Q J . C* - *QJ . 1 - = O>4->JCO> - r o - * - » 4 - » " ' J^t/I"a . •-r- S t- t*-.^-* '*O-. ' O • * - » . . . - • •*» cj vt . • • -x: i— . >. o - c + j . :

•f-. . 1 _ V ) C L . . CnC713 • -r— r— CTl CJIrt 3 -0 C "- E ' - . - CL S_ t- CO t r t C C O i-p— - r - C \ - Q;r— - r - . .D- V» 3 r— in - 3 ' - 4-* XI _ _ . ;. .

... ... . CJ o v) - -— - - - o " " " in • ~" c: QJ *ocni-v»"O o«^-cr> -a »— <r~ CJ

. . . C O . Q J . CJX1C i - CJ X If- V. C CJ 3't- . CJ 4J L. 3 Ct. QJ t- O tnOL. 5 Wl - . O O OJ= > > O X rot- .3 OO . O S- x: •

"-. O O X : Q J co*-1^ o.4-» a*-»3

•T r

1 SiN

„... ... ,

•z.

^

UJo.

• o

,„_ '"

01

c cO r

»=f ^t

ro •-

r

> 'c

C f—

3 >

^*~

c -o

en«*-•*- "O

<a3 T3x; c:CO OJ

ro .

-O • . ' -c - • •

1 O • - - - r- • ' - . • . - . . . - . . . . - . . - - - - .D v» ' ' " . . . . . - , - • •

c ' " ' '"•- f e • • • . • • ; : . - . :•_.:-.• -.;...• • , , . .mx: • - - • - - • • • '• - --•' • ••:•-*-.*•••

C C«j o - . " . " . . : . . " . 1'. : .."..' " "

•*-* *u. ' -, — i_ • ". ' . " , "

LOJ 5 - •: • " ' • . *1~

i - = - " . . , - . . - . _i n Q J . . . . . . .

o 'ra

•*-> x: o d - o o ax: o ca .ca ca ca coco ia j~ i— i— >— j_

r- ' .

"O CJ .(/) ' (/I V) V) Vtc x: -at QJ 

<tf O

3 Csl

O- 1c o

- . •-- • - ' / •

i n . ' • • - : • ' - - • - • - .in

o , . ' . . - . .

S'-S- "c . . . . .• . . ' . - • "

Lf) O

•— vt - - - ' • ' - ' .

1— J- • . . . . . , •o

vi x:=x: -D - .

en c

c • • • ' " " ' '"

5 H • - ' • • - •a > t . . . . . . -

C 5 'VI 0) . . . . -.. ...

^-- '"

<

UJ

*~*

3 T3x; c:CO CSJ

ro .

c-o•^ c4-» i_w o3 x:•of^ -Q

**-•o »**-c cr o(0 O

4-*= C 3aj t- x:

^-3"?in v> •»- •

i- x: i-CX en O)

«a t— c3: -O GJ

4-* O 31*" O.t.

C •*-> tn^- -o

<O H- 3

"O CJ .(/JC .f" Q> •TO 3: 1—

V

Co

•»-> cO 1-3 O•xi x:c

S C

XJ *°c -fO C

oSSE

3 3- -M +-*

1_ tft

Q.X:E en

•*-» i —

. OJ QJ

O XI

....... t- OQJ fc-

a.T! »t-

o

CO

^s_<1J

>o

-r-

S~

(tJ

s_c

^

•oc3

VI

in

V» 1

x: a>

f- O

v>

• M- QJ

•w-

C •—O

i— c:-«-* CJo x:

C (/>-r- TD= C

•a o

- C

-a oo

•— -av. c:>o cr .

o -aQJ ajc: c: -a

•1— l_ 1T3

CJ

«>•

E S.

^ QJ

4-» Ox: Ecr.

»— f-

= +J<*~ 3(*- CLO 4->

C 0o

•r- C-*-* QJ

3 3:

c; vt

= c .

-a o

rtjc

= S-V- OQJ XT5 • -o -a 2CX C i£t. (Oa> o> -m

V)QJh-

. * : ' • • ' - - - '

V] t/)

x:cri at

^— (O

= ^~**— > • - ~o "~"c ' •'

' C GJO XT

-••- 5=O VI3 -a-a cc: 3

' = vt

"c ErO O

x:

QJ TO

•*-* ^>

*o cTot-QJ C 1-

1

CO

(/»4-»

C7-

=

»4-

0

Co4->O

c

=

• c

(Oai*~

col-

o

oL

<a

cQJx:

co

ci_ox:

ro

Co

i-

•oQJ

£ -'

to

VI

•MS-0

XT

-aco

3 cs

a. ic c

' -'.

• — (C

o c

O 3•»- -oO V)

"O CC 3•f- O~- V)

•o cc t.<c o

x:

>>"D** C-r- fO3

+-» OCO CZ0 V.

oVI 4->

O C7>

VI QJ . . '

~ • : ;: ' . " - ' : ' • '

1 • ' . " - . . . " . ' . "

5 - • - ' • ' - . - . • " ' • . ' ' ' • " . . - " - • .QJ •• . - '• • - . :

3 - .. 'O .<_)o

QJx: . - . . . . -•M ' ;

"O

4->

3

o= o </>

CO CO00

. n n.

£ -37-

o

•su>r-

UJO

2

Z "f>

£sCJ <

U-•-< >-CC COLiJ>•

I1

§H-•—I LU

i— s:

•aiu_<_>L_

E>-

ui m

-^v^r><c i.

.NJ

•^

. "fKl-X—

,/J

.r•

3

^A=*.'*J

•%•o

V^--^

ss

<Qv)O *

UJ

'-S31D-O

CJ »-HO 1~< CJ

*O f—VI QJ . T-

£g s

3 »— W-O «~ I-QJ O O

a-££O 4->go,£

S- -^ QJ

J- >»

5^-O QJ -OQJ e

4-* "D 4->•O QJ Oc -a ccn i-

-r~ O QJ

5^s<**

• p

^

J

-I?l£•-*.*h5|£

P»*Bv* v^^t

ra +-» i- c

L. CX OQJ CJ E JZ

4-> X) QJQJ 4-* CJ

O *— O 4-*

f- E <o x: -

CT-4-> QJ C»— Ul >

• (O QJ QJ QJ

C 1/1 «3 irt -r-(0 2: &_ S- XE < X> O L.

t- l/> QJo -o r— c x:2 E ra OJ •*->K- <0 U V> O

< V,

sj)O

CJ QJ

s_ x:O CX

V- t/> =

re os-oQJ CM

-r-TD 2l/» <13 (tiO O t-

O_f— Q

>»E 1-r— QJ 3

' i— 4J O

c; o t.m o QJs: s- o.

OJ

J ^~

fi3

- QJcn

0 C

o x:u

QJ4-> QJtO L.— ZJ

(J ia— t-<a QJ0 CX

e* QJ

QJ£1 H-i- 0

I/I

C0

•*-»

qc

OJs_

crQJ

ex:

>i_OJ

£=

1OCM

O

-aj_oCJQJs_

co

o0

CM

*aQJ

(O

cnc:

4~>

«OQJ'x:

°co

3• c

nj

x:

o4-*

CD

CM

EOi-**-

-E3

X<TJ

E

Ox:i-QJ

e te

mpe

ratu

rein

g w

as

re-

x: x:4-» U

•+->

o s

0 QJO (JCM C

QJ CJ4-> fdfO CX

XO QJS- J-CX QJcxx:

Ope

ratio

ns',

U QJ .

S- O•+J X3(j (QQJ'r- CMLU - -

ZCo> •

-o .ex

QJ CT

CTCX.

0)

(V

Oo.

oQJ

OSi-

QJ

5Ot-

o

cQJx:

uCX

QJ

4-»

CZ3

S-3Ox;

QJCX

CJ0 'LO

tot.

3O

CJczo

oo

=ool/l

JC

CJ

cz-M

&CX

QJ.-*-*

Z30

VI

CJ

o

CJ.*->

CJ

-tJ

d to

O

pe

rati

on

la/..

.

QJ 'QJ CJCJ •*->O CJi- •—CX CX

c=- o

CJ CJoO c:in QJCO XZ-

*-»"

QJ O

Q) .

3 XJ

vi in

Co> ••-U 4->

fO i~

i- cO cni_ viQJ OJ

3: i~ <a J

OJ O.

cn o O CJ

x: z* x: r-E 4J

'3QJ -r- -r- X) «J

ZJ QJ O *r- (

O Ovi ino> r-.

OJ (Jt- O3 O

QJ -DOJ f— C •

•M X> »0(O (13 ct- •— CJ t

*— O rOJ O Ox: i- CM

S UJu.

O UJ

(fIE32

f»—oc >-Ul CO

tn- • • o

got:UJt/>COo

-

o: |—

SUJD-0

"7

<cocUJ1—Q:0

^"— ' ^-- *"- --•

^3J

^J

Jfixl

O Ô^*O »

i

u0

0 f— OtO TO 1-lO U 3CO f- 4J

4-» TOO TO S-

4-VE 0)O CL'

a> 4J EI- 3 QJ

i. C C.

o. oat-o .

u a» ,C71 3fr. cr vi«o at ••-j= L- jz •

>> TO C 4-»

«J O 4-> T~

^ IT> ir-

TO i TO O

ij

J3

O1 *o

t— 4-> CDO •*-» trt Lf>

ii- a> GJ'CO•«-> *rt 4-» .C 4J

O • W TOCJ 4-J-i—

C JZ TJ0> T- 4-> OtJ3 0 C

Q. t- •—r- 0 E •r— -*-» U- S- OITO at at s-JZ V> 4-» 3v» . at 4-»

>»o -o TOo c. o i.s- TO o */» at3 m v- o.+j i*- r-*. HTO O CM >» O>i~ -M 4->

Q-CM CI .— 4->E . TO "~ C.QJ 4- JD t-

4-> 0 TO 0C o •— 0.

CJ -r- O f—

<j> Jz m o 4-»TO 4-» co s- at

i- S c. C3 a> o *«*- CJ QJ U CJ

t— 3 0

at JO •*-> QJ inJZ -TO QJ -C»— r— J3 4-> +

-• ~*—

O) c:i- QJ C3 U O

TO 0) 4->i- CL rtJ

0. C i-E ••— oat s-

S- f-a> o

JZ O.-O+-» at at

u v-

o c: cr ia> a: CM*- >>Z? i_

•Q ^_ > QJ

C r— 4*J "O •TO -^- C J-

OJ TO O O4-> r- O. Ot.

r^- O 4-*3 t- OJ C

»^ C "*TO O M~ «/»000 —

CMJ3

'

<."T^ 3»

O "**

^ ^;^^3"]"-Ky

iX

O- LJO- QJ oTO JZ O

4J CM

TO .C + \

Of QJ OJ- S CO3 4-» (— •

+J1 O) CM

t- T3QJ S- CCL 3 TOE 0

i_

o o.s-CO CX0 0

CSJ

>>

TO ' OJ

C TO I

S T- O

,_' •'

O

"c- 'at at

at at 4-» •

. — QJ -ot— J3 QJ OTO JZ «X>JZ I- 4-> CMVI 3

O »T3a? -c *j cVI V) TOTO ^ atQJ QJ 4-» Os- a.- co<j i/> »~C tJ T- CMt- o JZ

O 4-» Cat ô ati- V- OJ3 O O 2

•M 4-> U_ 4->TO 01i- in JDQJ r— -

E •*-* o 3O) TO O O4-» O JZ

H^ r— CM 1-O -Q QJ

TO -O CLat t— c

4~) »— UJ (JTO O O

4-> O 1Oat c o

JZ O CM (/Ih- <-> i •«-

I v^>

O4->

03O

4->

i- QJ0.

atJZ O4-> 0 . -

O•— VD0

4-» TO

o a>u v»>. C^ OJ

(J 3

X* 4J

TO I- <_)E QJ 0

4J E CD .3 5 ^D

<C 4-* CM

CMU

V-/

V,.s:

*^

i/>Q*

i.0)

r— -M

3 C4-» -t—0 E

in•o •—i_O 4-*U TOQJI- QJ

C TO

O

4~> atTO t-

3 •*-»

TO at

E• QJ

a>JZ <4-

H- 0

mL>

• 3>

•

V)

c •o4J

E

O

•o n

t. 0

cr •OJ O

CXL ZZ

i-

crt -Or— t-

> Oi- at^j

c c•r— O

C~ ~"/""^^»i•\^/ 4

,

-Â"

4tEOU

1- •4-> 3TO OI- JZatCL S-

QJ O.

CJ" — OO O

4->

O TOU

U)

,f— O

(J CM

TO 4JE

4-> O

<cS

' ^ '

x»

H-0

at*jTO •l~ O

o •at c? .c o|SOJ <U4-* >QJ O

"O J3TO

*>i CJ

*-? v>C TOo at

t.C (Jo c:

•»-» 'TO a>E t-

304-*

«t- TOC J--r- OJ

O.

fegU. 4J

• r-C-. "^^> --V^ V-T« .--• ^ ! • ^~^ * ^^^ ^— x~""•v^-

J

^ -.. o - *V (i *

- kl :— :J J ;-•

1 1 1 i i-•^ * *

B•o «

1- C 1_at i « in at

4-> S O» - r- 4-»at at . o >> s- at atE ••- +Jr- 3 »— > > E -O> H- ^— 4J -O J- O .S- O O J T O T O -00)1->>r- 1_ O J- -t- > >vCL. — • • QJ - . 3 - 1 — 0 E at CL.

i— TO TO TO E - QJ «—TO4-* I- l -EQJ O, t- TOU T O O J O - * - » O 3 U

•t— Ot CL4-> . '4>* 4-> -r-4-» • JZ E= 3 -t-3 TO 4-JQ - w i - 4 - > O J T O C - ' Q J i _ C Lo QJ +j i — jz at o

4-» T3 . T3 O 4-» CL

T O C O J Z T O ' ' T 3 Q J T O

= c - E =• aj-ai " - QJ o cTO CL. • 1_ IA *-* E v> O 4-> TOE .ir> -r- v» 3 QJ i- E

•— -a i- 3 E «« i- oJZ C -r-j-r- -r- .• CLJZ

4-> >, (O flJ " O X J Z c / i t) 3 •*•* -

S . a i a»3 E 3 TO-- -S> 4-J +-» >, CO >

t- i— J- V- (_) TO 1- E QJ3 V) 3 QJ TO O 4-J'm 3 O 4-> '

TO -O i- r- E . C in T- l_ TO 4-> COJ C O TOO) TOP-TOO Q J O - i —E T O C L tJ4-> ircME1*- S:JOE;

CM CO »— CMT3 "O OJ OJ

». (/> "D• 4-1 -f- QJ

1 C JZ CC T— '• 4~> *r-

00 EU O- I- L.

O OJ «OJ 4-> U. 4J Q)

JD OJ O) t-V) "O 3

r— • 4->F— >,O V) TO

JC TO O QJ*n in >> cu

H- rv -M £a» o CM -f- QJ

3 Vi "O ••-4~» CM C J3 4-» .TO , TO 'TO .C • -l_-+ -r- *-Ot C3 r— OC. C 0 O Q-E V- O S-at jz m 4-> 4-»

-' *-» +j co' c at 'T— ' O </> •

ai y c oU QJ «TO at at a> oc«— 3 Jz o

•• s_ ja 4-> 4~> o3'rtJ .QJ in

r— 4-> CMOJ O 4J V>

JZ J- O OJ *->h- 4-» VI 4J TO

•c/ .-

. ... ..

QJ

at s3 TO

TO atat c ECL TO OlE •*->QJ .4-» CM 4->

a> cQJ r-~ -r~JZ O

4J cn Q.c •

O 3 Vt

CJ ^

C • —TO •- 1- |

QJ rj v> "4-» . — TO

f-i- O *-)

3 I- t-

r~ C Q.TO O QJCJ O S-

roOJ

1*TO EU 0

QJ J3

O

O

4-> OTO 4->

at QJo-jr

**

-i- O•S o

at>> i-

c cat TO

i- a>3 4J

O 3

."

M- -

C•»-»JZ•*->

V)

+JCat

•oTOi- .cn

ats~3

4-»TOi_aiCLE<U4-i

TO

X •TO CJ

o0) OJZO1— *—

^__•-

4->

cz

TO

QJ

3

TOt_ata.ai

•*JoCL

S

>

Ê QC

c£ u_O UJ

—• ou- »T:•-• a:O<uJ CL

ggCM f—

g

•33

O *-•

4-> nj V£> *—

t- i— in to3 O>-0 o CM <y1 cr nj

in GJ GJ r—

nj GJCJ E > T3

GJ i- t.C 4-» GJ O

CJ "O ^~

+J GJ QJ •

»^ 3 I3 4-> OO OJ -CM

.— s_ in«J QJ r— S-CJ CX OJ GJ

GJ *i—i- XQJ O

at o-C CD4-» O

tflOJ C•M O

t- </l

r— 4-»RJ ZJ C3 C O

The

n,

calc

ula

te a

nd

reco

rd a

cof

.te

mpe

ratu

re

chan

ge

at

15 m

inte

rva

ls.

Req

uire

d in

form

at

reco

rder

20

-3.

«J

cn'oJC CJ

O QJO .£»

. U

GJ eT-C. 3

r- X

£1. C »O 4-

. U 3O

•

CJ0O

(d CJU CX O

4J CJr3 O CJ

• EOoO i£> O 1

4-» Ozi 4^ m j

z>c

in

03

QJ

CJ

GJt-

03t-QJCX

• CJZ 4-»JZ *«—- o

c

o

ed

info

rmat

•r- f>3 1croQJ CMo;

•— i-oJ CJ

I- 1-GJ O

C CJ

•0 4->

QJ >*i- v\3

QJ inCX

CJ H34J GJ

O Ot- -£Z

O r—CJ 0

L.

r— C

Aut

orca

tlca

man

ually

c(

oOOCO

O1 O

CJ.E

03 X

CZ £

CZ 3•r- O

1_0 CJ

•*-> o.-CJ

QJ O

zj ti-er o0i- GJ

(/I 03

OJ

l_

m3

*3

.-aoCJQJt-

03

GJ4-103

CJ

rtJ(J

COJ

JZI—

cotn

S"^3" CTC O

-14J «*-•u c:CJCT»*OC GJ

.C -r- COCJ Z> 1

O-CDCJ CJ CMt- a:Z3 •

of '

tem

pera

inte

rva

ls,

reco

rder

N<

in cncjto rz oC»-r- 0 .

-o -- oE GJ O CNJOJ i- O

QJ L) O

•r- VIin o

4J 503 rtJQJ

^L QJ>

O) -r-x: 4-»

cz .•— X

*-» Ecz

03 t-e 3o

W 4Jr- OJ t-O C tn GJ

- l- dJ E cx4-» O) OJ .C OJ 4-> CJ

CJ .>>

5S —

. — (O« c=3 S-C CJ«3 _tz

>»oi/> VD

CT»M—C O

.— QJO 4JO 030 t-

v>. tt»4Jn31_ o>

•— Z5B3 CJ3 ••-

4-» S=O03 m

T ZO 03c*

' CJ QJ1- 0*

C

C J^TO. O

GJ GJ4-» i-10 z;3 fOCJ S~r~ O«J ' CX0 5C 4-»QJJ^ (*-1- 0

Q.C 1- +-» O UD

QJ O S-•o o

ou-QJ \D

+ 1 —

o -u cct/1 C vOOJ A3 CM

0X1OJ O r

CJ t— in*J - r-. i03 o CM ii- i-Qj C QJ -

•*-> QJ QJ Utn a > c>> m aj D-W C VI

f— Qf +Jo j= ••- -t;o 4-> "3- c

<O JD O CJcn 03 o

c: CM o•o QJ *J.QJ OCJ O +-» *Jt, 4J O•P .:« c :

>— o,ss

•oto

vj Ci<r. Q.

I- OJo uLJ tJ

»— O •3 O CJO O o

cu m t_(J O -ro •—

i_o

i_

o4->

*•—

OQ.

•ocz •

in -v> O

O t-I- 3

4-* V-C

(J-r-

o> -»-> •*U» C O •—O QJ -Q (OE i- ra •-

4-> QJ 4-»«3 M~ 10 C

•4- JO <UO> - - .— S-O XJ QJ

i. * S- 0 ••-3 E 3 -0

**- LL- W 4-»

C C/) QJ S-QJ t_ 3

O CO *nJ_ X> 4-> t— QJ

4-» C i- ' S-•t— n3 O d.C 4-> •

(DO. +J JZ 4J*j </> u raC CO 3 4-» 4.

1— *r—j "r— OJ

E "O «t w) O

CU oi- in

O (Ot- tj .OJ o

O O.OQD E CM| — QJ i —

4-*

O

O i-Ti O » 0

4J . — O Q4-> ffl .f— l_ COI- E <t» H-O O -3 E4J -*-» CO

j_ <a E s- to <

co

on QJt. 3 .

i_ *J

0 Q- CO E ••-

\n

*->. o .i- O) 1QJ a; oQ. CM

•M m CJ

-M -*J t_

•*— C (J

C 0-E t.

OJ

OJ 3L. 4->

rtS CJk. cx<y EO_ QJ

QJ4->0 •

0 4J

ti +lotn D-

OJ OI- O_ Q>

• -. a*-jscz03 4->

OJ C O4-J. O X>rt3 -i- n}i — 4-»

3 it* 4J

« — > C

tj -a s-

•*— OJ0 0.

OJ <_>

L_ O*J.O-

OJ <O U3JZ i —

4-> CJ CJ

O Z3 OO +J OJ

/O r—

»— OJ C

4J QJ

^ i-O O V-

<c i- -c

OJ •

la oj^3 4J O4J C (J

rtl S_.OJ

T3'4-» CZ1- 3 0

QJ E •«-

C •»—

4-» OJ L-•O 1- O

f— -3 «4-

f— J-

u o. a>

C 4-» 3

1— 0 C£

£,.3 QJ4-* O-

£oO-O

O *QJ O »—-

« O •—

O

4-> ftf *»-

I •— Qj

- + I,— +J vr> 4->O CU •»- rt*

C - r-O 4J J- -OO C O «XJ

W*0 ^

t. QJ O3 V) O

E »*- *oQJ O

<JO

QJ o Oo m CM

i+f^. 3 C QJ

: o cj o* in o m

o co

+ !

-*- u u_Hi m r3 (J "

•*-> O O r

i. inOJ m co

B 4-> -Oro c

£.2o

4-> C QJ

O OJ •*-•

ns •—

*-» »— c -«o o QJ

tso!

t^ UJ'

ittJU_O

-V;'

o

'."• gUJa.o

. ' . . - - •

na:UJH-

t- 4-> 1t_ O O 31-OJ-4-* C O QJ QJ

O CO •— ECJ O'X* QJ OJQJ o E i. c: 4->

4-> in XJ 3 •*-(Or- C 4-> 4->1_ . to to O i_

4-» O 1- XI Oa» <o o o a* 4-»x: o i- ex >, QJ4-> QJ m 3 E ra J-

r- 4? Id 4-> C_>O I- "O t- «T 0i_ C CJ i- -r- O*J O (O CX O JHl U">C 1- E 4J 1— OOO 3 O QJ CX — -C» 4-» O 4-» ' CJ C.

>» £ 1. irt • "*i — QJ C O 3 <_> cn•— O. CJ 4-> (/> o cto E <y " ex o •!—o QJ 3 OJ QJ m c:•r- 4-> 4J U .C Oi "i-4J OJ t/> 4-> «J ' — »

§ j_ tn S QJ •*-» QJO I- O QJ ro i-

4-> 4-» !3 CJ ^— O 33 QJ O X: i— X .<*- +J« £ S _ X ; 4 - * i O Q J O n 3

*X»CM

<O 4-> C3 3 O

O •*— 4-*

x> m i_i- »— o.0 t*~ •cj •*-» cr ros- :"*~ o

QJ X) CMX> *-' CJC 3 i. •«3 4J -(— O

QJ t- crra exec cj

•— E -o3 QJ 1_O 4-> • O

• — (/I CJ*a M- < — QJU O (O t_

- 10 i_ C£Z OJ QJ OQJ 4-1 4->

-C ns C wt— S- 1- T-

m.XICM

•

QJ QJV- 1 i- •3 c r» uiro *d v ra 4-»t, e o i- 3CJ «4- QJ Cex >» cx-»-E — Q* .6 E4-> rd 3 4J in

U 4-»4-> -r- fO 4J >>1- 4-» 1- 1- t.O ro QJ O QJ4-> B O-4-> >

1_ +-> OJ 1-

QJ ro -O 1JZ 4J t- O4-* -a c o CM4-» ro O OJ •to CLOi 0

.-O o QJ • I.ra LO wi yi QJ

. QJ -05^ + lQJ.4-> t.

»— J=. 3 0r— O 4J C UrO Lrt -r- O3 CO C £ 1_.c; . •-—ra 4-> ra o c:E; ra 4-» ro o

ôCM

•Oa* 4-> or— Vt I/?

,..G~ CJ ,« • * * + !

• 4-* 4-> QJ 'C " ^~O 4-> J_ J5u cr o njwo »—

T- Q, . O *

QJ 4-> t_J 4-» C1- QJ 0 C ••-3 <rt O O O

4-» tn o exfc- C Ul 4-»QJ (0 T3 *r- GJCX C' ,irtEM- ra O.QJ O t- -

CJ O 4-> oQJ O O rO m<j in CM t- ,ro ,r— c* +C -f CX»- c'E o3 C QJ QJ O

<t- -r- QJ 4J m

oj^B cj00

1- 3 XI 4J o

QJ

QJ 3

3 ra

ra QJ 'I- CXCj Eex aj

4J CJ • -0 4-»

QJ .Cx: + |-*—

(/> ex•o »oo -+-1

QJ O

a :13 CCC

QJ C

3 ra

t_>-o -

CMO

CM

•*J cn o vi QJ« J C C _ > f- - Old OJ4-»C7>^-r-0 4-> . . £ 0 Ê C 3

OlD ' E C 4^ U CM . ' . £. 4-»-t-CJ>-TJ O t— l/>- i- S ••— 1 - -r- X>c c j 4 J <o •— o o . w > £ o . * r w i E c* O » a 3 « * - - "O QJ r— - ' C U r a O

QJ 4-> 4-» C - ' . - 4 - > C Z » ' OJ -4-**>O UfO-^ CX 3 i n - <J 3 O C J

O - ^ - o - ra E C . . O - " «* C4JI-S-4JO oj-a 3 t— o r : - -c" «•— 33(JO T3CJ1CJ CX" E"^ " t - - " E O J t r t

4-> QJ CM • L. C 1- O J - r 3 L. l/l*a> o «s •»- • "a inaacn »* - vo> 3 QJt - C O O J T 3 C O ci t. 3 ' • «/>!_

CX(J- 1_ QJO • t r t O i . W GJ C3 1 S~ OE C OJOCCM E » / » Q J £ X c a l Q J t _ Q JO J w i S T3V- O J O J C 4 - > O V — 1 > C X L -

. 4 - * r O O « - - C 3 • 4J l _ O - QJ 3O1"O £ ra 4-> • O in CX r— » • r— t/>

i — 3' r acoas >> • o o J ' — a j O ' O i — rtfO -O.-— E- -CJ 1- »-: -- . - 10 »— -l_ •>- ->--SZ I- QJ OJc _ a j ' o - r - . . 4 J Q j - * a i ^ - r— 3 v - - o - oxzs;4 - » O O X ' - ' < O ' C X > a t E • QJv» 1 " X i O J (JtoC t - O ' r r j ' * — El-'O 3 -Cwi ^^' <O >• QJO- O E 3'QJ QJt - 3 l O Q J - U i — t_ OJ •<J**-O' CI 4->'4J O CJ l _ r o <tf -wiui

4 - » » ' i — co «o -a aj ex _cj >- - o r a c ->>-O i - ' r a ^ - T — Q j >•• O • C I O J O C M

r— C Ul 3 O O S^ t- 3 Q J « 4 — Ora S^'-^- 1i— <O ' E • O ' QJ- Q J O J * "Ol- O '« / ) U4->CDfa QJX: . - iA4Jc : I_JD - a > 3 . t-ns j ^ c - ^ - r —3 J»J 4 - > ' C Q J 3 O 3£ 1— ist QJ C J O J CJ 'r— T3C C •'(/)'(- C J 4 - » C Uaf rO 4-» 4->i — 'O C-rO ••— >> QJ .C fO *r- .(/) QJ J£ r— O QJ- *d *< — OJ r— O O OS Z w i w . c x )~I_EI-^ a; coo o 4J 2: os <c w cj 4-> o ir

r— CM ^- CM r— ' CM•o x> • «a * • «d «3CM CM r- #— »— CM CM CM .

OJ- CM

C « O ro C0 • CO '-r-i- • • l_ JT4-> . -^ C 4-t OJra . ' «J •»- • " t- i_e 23t- 4- vt (/)o -- — o c -a v\

•*- • " O OJ CJ 'C XI 1- r— I--r- QJ (J r- CX

1- rd E M- 4->O - 3 .1C**- U O JS^ QJ

A3 in U -r-o > - /a xi4~» QJ O X» E •ro . 4-» . ro -t- .-•- - - in «. . . . " , : : ; . . ' . < • • - «f-»~(n • • * • • ' • - ' ' • • ' T- O """ '

•-TT>. ' ' . - - • . , - • C ' • . -M -C ' . QJ O ' QJ E•r- , ' CJ i— O l/> 3•— ' ' ra 4-> ra c; E0 E C -r- C 0 -ô cj i- xi i- i- xO 4-* 3d' 3 O *O

t / l " * f - O " • <+-•»-£'i O . Ec • . 10 xi -a -

•f-" -- . - ^_ ^J ^ r_ Q - t/1 . '

E ' E O C Q J ' O U * > O -1_- 3 - U OJ 4-1 O 4 - »OJ >, 3 - ^ 3 E 34-»f — ' U O J X t C f l J O C -QIC «J Xi £ •»- . Xli--'-QO > h- (O E 1— **- E

<C ujetf u.

o^- ex

u o.*O t/1c o

.42

225a.

. . . eo- 0

: ! .

' ':

i .

' '

' - .

- '•'

OPE

RAT

ION

.. '••

•

; _ -. - ... "*-.-- '

., ,

<

LU1-

cr:

-

^

u*

= £ -

o•

.'• - .•

- 1- *0. -

3~tn CMQJ •

OJ -C4f CL

£ £cn

.a* tora i-

„ CJ (0 .r— CL

o ox: -r-

rc»CJ U

4-» •«—

§*GJO CLO <n

f 10 U

EX

tor— r-

. in 4-*"

4~» tn

l~ J- .

^ CJ(0 S-QJ 3

t— tn

tn QJ

cr> O~

E CJ.3 4-»i- 3r— Co> •»-

•.C E

" -'r- -1- '

Q) CL

CJ

i- i

^

O QJCL -

•ora

I/I CMQJ •

4-> CL'ra rai- t-

C7» '3£ tO

QJ ra -r— CL

r- CQJ O

in 4->

O *4-

§"QJO CL

<_> tn

CM

1 COO -r-r

• -*—- mCL

XCO

*—

»n ro

""""•S"cj ra4-» O•«O CJt- -o

^v: QJ0 i-CJ 3

in ' QJ

cn CL

E O3 +-»

•— cQJ •.-

f— t.

ttJ CL

in^>

."

O-

.-"•

0

ô

•ooCJ t- '

in i — tn

4-> . CLin CM QJ

4-* ^T

03 CL £

'. O^ •«— 3«— (O O•r- L. O M—o <a oo CL i-

O 3c: - QJ

. o c: i— -r-1— O r— 1—4-> •(— QJu 4-» x: c

~o oC-r- CJ ET- tt_ (j 3

cj o t: r—4~> QJ 1_ QJ •QJ CL 3 x: -a

• — m **- .3.CL x: oE t- CJ 4-> S-o QJ x: T- si

<_> CLI — 5 tn

CO

. tn*

CJ +J

n>i- -

S -^ vl• — x in

to QJin E *—

Cn » i.•o o

E c3 O -

•f— U QJ•— QJ S~QJ in 3

V- ini — CJ CJ••— CL i~O G-O U

O r-

o -o' o

C O C -

V.CJ X U

XZ -r—

1—^- E

en

V

î-v> to

T °*a "Ô m

-t -2

CMcn .

3 .

Ot/> ^

ra 4JCJ in

r— QJ1—

QJ tn4J C

s^CJ (O

. >• 1-i. QJQJ a.tn OXIo •—

ra^» u

_ «j ra3 x:

• tn o•r- QJ

'*•".-oo4-*OQJ

CJ•o>>. —

3tn

E

w .

in

j- c:CJ O

S ^

c: QJo

ra •*-QJ

r— CQJ

o x:

«

"*" f

•*t«.* •

'• -*• . .a

•«/»o .

% 1tn .C rg

r— CJ ra f—• r- x: ra

4-> • QJ. O QJ

QJ tn -i— 'T— s_•M 2 4-» 3

g w

ate

r te

mpe

ratu

re

e in

du

cti

on co

il a

nte

mp

era

ture

lim

itat

70

°C

and

reco

rdon

whe

n o

vert

em

pe

raBD

1s

a

cti

va

ted

.

c x: 4-> * •*- t~.•r— t— f— tO

O • O "3 O O O(J t/1 O CO •— 2^

• (O •

.0

c ' -QJ 0i- -r-

. 3 4 - *4~> Ora 3•i "OQJ c:CL'r- .

QJ QJ4»> x:s_ *OJ-4-* 4-»

4J ra QJra 'i~3 «_>•*-*

o 3cno o .

o ra QJo x: x:u 4-> tnCJ S- CJ

.CJ O U

. c to a . . - . ....t- QJ t-31-3

QJ 4-> TJ '/x: o cH- c ra

t-^ •

1 'EQJ •

4-* i — 'CM

t- 1CJ CD

....„ . _ . .tn

4-> OQJ ^

4-* tn3 QJ

• O C7>3

QJ rax: cn

oCJ O

T3 CJC t.

•o totO t-QJ OJo: CL

. -' ^

i- x: «QJ 4-> OXI t- C

ra Ex: tn uo c: O

•o •*- -QJ-r- (-

T3 4-> QJ•*— rt5 CL

r T

empe

ratu

re T

est

uo

usl

y m

easu

re

ou

tsa

ture

a

t ra

ndom

lo

c.

t py

rom

eter

d

uri

ng

g.

i

QJ C J_ O C

E 4-> Q--J-* 4-J<a . c: E c tnx: o GJ o QJ

CM CM

•o"O ' '

QJ •>o inra cnc c • "34^

~**~ -

. QJ*4- x;o oo +.» • .'l~ 4-»3 ra

ra •—$- 1 —CJ tOCL

CJ C O .•M f- O

-a ir>QJ 3

tn c QJ - ----- -4-> T- O3 XO»— CJ

CJ QJ 4-*x: x: ot— wi c

CM

VO "

a ^ô*^ ^4\** ^

oootn

0 0

C inO in

4-> UtO XU OJ

tem

pera

ture

a

nd

lo'

atu

res

de

tect

ed

in

'

•o i~' • 1- QJ

O CLU ECJ CJa: 4-»

X)CSJ

3CTQJ

QJ •(_> cn • — •c: c

er 4-»

e an

d re

cord

ma

inte

ia

ll a

cce

pta

nce

te

s

> CJ>

in tlXJ 3

.-* " . /

CT.

•o.T3

£

"• - O"

"r"'~'4J CJ >ic o oQJ . C

** E ra 01QJ c: c:V. CJ •»—

3 c racr -t- L

CC E CL

CJ 0 °O T- >,

C T3 *dra o -oc •*-QJ L. «*

C CL• >»ra o cE = «D

-' ^

; - : -

CJ

O

•oCJ1-

*3 r—

CJ CJL_ x:

^- QJ

' QJ rao c:c: t_

QJ

c o

•o c:o o

QJ ti*CL 3

•ao c:

^

o c^- O t-

•*- 4-> 4-»•a ra tf_C U too -.-o »*- -o

O CL QJo to s-CJ Ot- • " H—

tn CJ•O 4-> XIC C.>O CJ "

c; > —4-» O •O CLCM

CL O CMin o •c: PO

-i CJ

>» tO CLr— C ft3

3 **- »Otn - s_

•»— * - *o

cj

QJ

GJ QJ

to CJc -aL-^ ^>

CJ rax: 3

i >

C 3O OE x;CJ -*->

3cr cucc ra c:

t- oCJ CJ •»-

**^ CL4-»-r- O *a

i/t O

rj c: i-**- OJ CJo c: *Jin O CJrs CL-O

CM

K - .

^

jrnac

e. o

pera

tion.

.

x:ra. -

•

(/> UJ*J'7PH- O

(f*— CM

<M -CM

«f-1/7

o a•-" UI 43

APPENDIX B

ANSC SPECIFICATION NO. AGC 90278B,

FURNACE, VERTICAL, VACUUM-INERT, INDUCTION,

dated 22 May 1970

44 . _ .

fAEROJET nUCLEAR SYSTEMS CQMPANVA DIVISION OF AEROJET-GENERAL CORPORATION

. CODE IDENT. HO. 05824

' SPECIFICATION AGC-90278B

FURNACE, VERTICAL, VACUUM - INERT, INDUCTION

SUPERSEDING:AGC- A G C -DATE DATE

AGC- 'DATE

RELEASES. (.REPLACE PAGES IN ''SPECIFICATION WITH LATEST CHANGE BELOWREVLTR

RELEASEDATE

17 Aor 70

PAGE NUMBERS-1 2 3 "4 5 6 '7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ifi .17. 1R IQ 20 21 22 23 24 27

1A 22 May 70 A

B 15 Mar 72

A A A A A

B B B

A

B

A A A A

B B B B

A B A BB

Authorized for Release: .

J . IH.VYetto, SupervisorAN\C Specifications & Standards

1 Rev. B

AGC-90278 . ' .•

Section 1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope.- This specification establishes the performance andqualification requirements for equipment identified as a vertical vacuuminert"atmosphere induction furnace system.

1.2 Options.- Optional designs covered under this specificationinclude the following: • " .

(a) Option1 - High Temperature Capability System(b) Option 2 - Low Temperature Control Capability System(c) Option 3 - Inert Gas Pressure Control System(d) Option 4 - Forced Gas Convective Cooling System

Stipulation of. a specific option includes all requirements listed in thespecification under that option designation.

Section 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 Government Documents.- The following documents form a part of thisspecification-;to the extent specified--herein. The issue, used shall be thatcontrolled by the latest approved contractor's"control.Ted documents list. Whenthe requirements of this specification and subsidiary documents are in conflictthe following precedence shall apply:

(a) This Specification. .. : ; . . / . : : :(b) Document referenced, herein. ; : : .^ ,(c) Documents subsidiary to those referenced herein.

46

66/Z

AGC-90278

SPECIFICATIONSFederalQQ-A-200QQ-A-225QQ-S-766

Aluminum Alloy Extruded Bar,,-Rod, and ShapesAluminum Alloy Rolled Bar, Rod, and ShapesStainless Steel Plate and Sheet

MilitaryMIL-P-27401MIL-A-18455

Nitrogen

Argon

(B)

STANDARDS

Military

MIL-STD-1472 Human Engineering Design Criteria for Military SystemsEquipment and Facilities

PUBLICATIONS.NASANHB 1700.1 NASA Safety Manual

2.2 Technical Society Documents.- 'The following documents form a partof this specification to the extent specified herein. The issue used shall bethat controlled by the latest approved contractor's controlled document list.When the requirements of this specification and subsidiary documents are inconflict, the following .precedence shall apply: ? ;. ::

(a) This Specification.(b) Document referenced herein. .

(c) Documents subsidiary to those referenced herein.'

47

3 Rev. B

• _ , - r - 5 AGC-90278 ' - . ' . . . '

American Society of Mechanica l Engineers . ' '~

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

American Society for Testing and Mater ia l s Standards

A193-68 Alloy-Steel Bol t ing Mater ia ls for H i g h Temperature ServiceA194-68 Carbon and Al loy Steel Nuts for Bolts for H i g h Pressure and

High Temperature ServiceA240-67 Chromium and C h r o m i u m - N i c k e l Sta inless Steel Plate , Sheet,

and Strip for F u s i o n - W e l d i n g U n f i r e d Pressure VesselsA276-67 Hot Ro l l ed and Cold F in i shed Stainless and Heat Res is tan t .

Steel Bars

A312-64 Seamless and Welded Austeni t ic Stainless Steel Pipe/ •

American Society of Hea t ing and V e n t i l a t i n g Engineers. - . ASHVE Manual '- . : ;

: : .: "

American Na t iona l Standards ( A N S I ) .

B2.1-1960 Pipe Threads : " •. :

B16.5-1961 .Steel Pipe Flanges a n d Flanged Fittings . . .B31.1-1955 Code for Pressure P i p i n g . ' . . : .and Addenda :

Other Pub l i ca t ions

41CFR 50-204 WaTsh-Healy Act

NFPA National Fire CodeNEC Nat ional Electr ical Code

48

AGC-90278 . ,

2.'3 Aerojet Nuclear Systems Company Documents.- The following documentsform a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. .The issue usedshall be that controlled by the latest approved contractor's controlled documentslist.. When the requirements of this specification and subsidiary documents arein conflict, the following precedence shall apply:

* . .

(a) This Specification.(b) Document referenced herein.(c) Documents subsidiary to those referenced herein.

DRAWINGS • . ' : ' ' - . ' . ' - - ' '

SPE 14-1-70 Building 20005 Heat Treat Facility Description

Sections. REQUIREMENTS .

3.1 Perfor-iTiafiee. -

3.1.1 Functional Characteristics.- The furnace shall be capable of heatingthe graphite work load to the maximum operating temperature with the performancerequirements described below. The work load shall be as defined in Table I andFigures 1 and 2. The furnace shall be capable of achieving the following

, performance.

3.1.1.1 Temperature Capability.- '

3.1.1.1.1 Maximum Temperature.-

(A) (a) The furnace shall be capable of operating at a maximum continuousoperating temperature of 2200°C, within the useful life requirements of 3.1.2.2.

5 Rev. A ' ' ' * ' 49

66.2/1. . . . _ . - •

AGC-90278f

S~~~ ' . - ' • ; • . ' - . . " ' - . . - ' ' • • . - - ' ' - '

|b) Option 1 - High Temperature Capability - The furnace shall •

be capable of operating at a maximum continuous operating temperature of 2750°C,within the useful life requirements of 3.1.2.2.

.... J.I. 1.1.2 Temperature Control 1 abi 1 i ty. -

(a) The furnace temperature shall be controllable within +_ 2% of anyset point, set between 850°C and the maximum operating temperature.

(A) (b) Option 2 -Low Temperature Control Capability - The furnacetemperature shall be controllable within + 5°C of any set point, set between120°C and 850°C. The temperature will be measured on the work load whenenclosed within a retort, to be supplied by ANSC.

(A) 3.1.1.1.3 Temperature Gradient.- The axial temperature gradient shall: be within 100°C over the length of the susceptor corresponding to position of

•' the work load when the furnace is operating at the maximum temperature capability.

3.1.1,1.4 temp.g.r.a.tu.re- Rate Control 1 ?.Ml i ty. -

(B) (a) The rate of temperature increase shall be controlled at 15 to 60°Cper hour between 120°C and 2600°C. The rate of temperature increase shall be noless than 60°C per hour betv/een 2540°C and 2600°C. The rate of temperaturedecrease shall be controllable at 15 to 60°C per hour between the maximum operating

temperature and T500°C.

(b) Option 2 - Low Temperature Control Capability.- The rate of temper-ature increase shall be controllable at 5 to 15°C per hour between 120°C and 850°C.

3.1.1.2 Furnace Atmosphere.-

(A) . . 3.1.1.2.1 Atmospheric Conditions.- The temperature controllability and

profile, shall be maintainable with each of the following furnace atmospheres:

(a) Vacuum 50 microns, maximum

(b) Argon or nitrogen(1) Flow Rate 0.1 - 3.0 SCFM

(2) Pressure 50 microns - 3 psig(A) Vacuum will not be required at temperatures which cause

sublimation of carbon.

' 6 Rev. B

66/6

AGC-90278

J.I.1.2.2 Rate of Evacuation.- The cold furnace shall be capable ofbeing evacuated of air at ambient conditions to 50 microns in 30 minutes, andbeing held continuously for a minimum period of fourteen days.

3.1.1.2.3 Rate of Back-Fill.- The cold furnace shall be capable of beingback-filled with air, nitrogen, or argon from fifty microns to ambient pressurein a maximum of twenty minutes. • -

(A) 3.1.1.2.4 Option No. 3, Inert Gas Pressure'Control.- The shell pressureshall be controllable at 5 to 30 inches of Hg vn'th argon or nitrogen flowing at

; two SCFM. .

(B) 3.1.1.2.5 Option No. 4, Forced Gas Convective Cooling.-

(a) The inert gas system shall provide convective cooling sufficientto cool the furnace from 2750°C to 200°C in seven (7) days at a rate not toexceed 60°C in one (1) hour.

^^p (b) Inert gas s.hal.l be circulated through the furnace hot zone toprovide convective cooling at temperatures between 880°C and 120°C.

3.1.1.3 Leak Rates.-

3.1.1.3.1 Furnace Shell.- The maximum allowable gas leak rate of.the . ,-4furnace shell shall be 1 x 10 mm Hg per minute pressure rise when the vacuum

system is isolated from the shell, and the pressure within the shell is 75 microns,

(A) 3.1.1.3.2 Cooling Water Channels.- All cooling water channels, includingthose for the furnace shell, if the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code .is

applicable, induction coil, vacuum system, and supply and.outlet lines, shallnot leak any water when tested at 100 psig.

3.1.1.4 Furnace Hater Cooling.-

7 Rev. B•

51

66/7

•''• AGC-90278 '.. • '

3.1.1.4.1 Capacity.- The cooling water system shall be supplied .by the •contractor and shall have a capacity sufficient to provide coolant for the.induction coil, furnace shell, and vacuum pump as required to meet the require-

ments of this specification.

3.1.1.4.2 Backup System.- The cooling system .shall be capable of providingfor an automatic alternate coolant supply in the event of major component orelectrical power failure.

3.1.1.4.3 Hater Temperature.- The cooling water shall not exceed 70°Cat the induction coil and furnace shell outlets when the heating zone is operatedcontinuously at the maximum operating temperature.

(A) 3.1.1.4.4 Water Flow.- All coolant channels shall be protected from

blockage by particulate matter (greater than 0.05 .inch diameter). ••

3.1.1.4.5 Furnace Shell Cooling.- The outside wall temperature of thefurnace shell, including all attached fittings, shall not exceed 50°C when

operating continuously at the maximum operating, temperature.

3.1.2 Operability.- The furnace system shall be capable of beingoperated within the following requirements. . .'

(A) 3.1.2.1 Maintainability.- No periodic maintenance shall be required withina time period of fourteen days while the furnace is being operated according tothe performance requirements of Section 3.1. • . ;

» • . . ' . " ' ' - . •

3.1.2.1.1 Maintenance and Repair Cycles.- There shall be no periodicmaintenance required on the induction coil or furnace shell. •

3.1.2.1.2 . Service and Accessibility.- All components of the furnacewhich require periodic maintenance shall be accessible for repair. . Required

ladders, staircases, and platforms shall be provided by the contractor. :

• • . •

8 Rev. A 52

AGC-90278 .

3.1.2.2 Useful Life.- The furnace system will have a minimum useful life

of eight years, allocated as follows:

Rated Operating Life(a) Time 5000 hours, minimum(b) Thermal Cycles 50, maximum

(A) A thermal cycle shall conform to the performance requirements in Section 3.1,and a maximum hold time of five hours at or below the maximum operatingtemperature. . . • ; . .

3.1.2.3 Environmental.-

/3.1.2.3.1 Natural.- The water available for furnace system cooling has

a hardness value of 30 +_ 5 ppm as calcium carbonate, CaCOvJ . • . O

v--' 3.1.2.3.2 Induced.- The inert gases available for the furnace systematmosphere have the following impurities. .

(a) Nitrogen as specified in MIL-P-2740T (99.997% N2)•(b). Argon as specified in MIL-A-18455B (99.998% Ar)

The furnace interior, including the shell, inducti-on coil, and vacuum system,will be exposed to an atmosphere consisting of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen,methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,.and particulate carbon. The quantityof gases to be released by the work load are given in Figure 2.

""""..'••.''TVV'- 3.1.2.4 Human Performance.- The furnace system controls will provide theoperator' with a procedure which meets the standards as given in MIL-STD-1472.

539 Rev. A

66/9

AGC-90278

3.1.2.4 Safety.- All components, appurtenances, support equipment, etc.,shall be designed and operated so that no single failure or credible combination

of errors, malfunctions or accidents can cause personnel injury, and/or seriousfacility damage or work load loss. This philosophy requires the.use of a formalhazards analysis which results in a categorization of potential hazards anddocuments the analysis and proposed procedures to reduce any undue consequencesto acceptable levels. The hazards analysis technique is further described inSection 3.1.2.5.2.2(a).

3.1.2.5.1 Documents.- The following documents shall be used as statedto aid in achieving safety goals.

(a) The following documents shall be complied with:

(1) Walsh-Healy Act, 41 CFR 50-204{"2) National Fire Code (NFPA)(3) Current Threshold Limit Values, American Conference

of Government Industrial Hygienist(4) National Electric.Code (NEC) •

(b) The following documents may be used as a guide:(1) American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers

Manual •(2) NASA Safety Manual NHB-1700.1 (VI)

3.1.2.5.2 Requirements.-

•

3.1.2.5.2.1 General Requirements.- The following safety requirements,listed in order of preference, shall be applied to the designs:

(a) Protective Systems - In all instances where known hazardsexist and cannot be eliminated, appropriate protective systems shall beemployed consistent with established safety codes or standards and/or acceptedindustrial practices. .

, , . . " ;; - ' - ' .: . 54 '

10

. AGC-90278

(b) Warning' Devices.- Where it is not possible to preclude theexistence or occurrence of a known hazard, reliable devices shall be employedfor timely detection of the condition and the generation of an adequatewarming signal. Responses to warning signals shall be delineated in emergencyplans. Warning signals shall be standardized within like types of systems tominimize the probability of improper personnel reaction to the signal(s).

(c) Special Procedures.- Where it is not possible to reduce themagnitude of existing or potential hazards through design, protective systems,or the use of warning devices, appropriate emergency procedures shall bedeveloped.

3.1.2.5.2.2 Special Requirements.-

(a) The contractor shall prepare and submit with his proposal,a preliminary hazards analysis and the hazard analysis procedure he intendsto. use during the con-tract period. A fins! hazards report shall accompany thedetail drawings, etc. required for ANSC Engineering Department approval byParagraph 6.3. The following hazard category definitions will be used in theanalysis. ' •

Category I - Negligible. Condition(s) such that personnel error,environment, design characteristics, procedural deficiencies or subsystemor component malfunction will not result in damage or personnel injury.

Category II - Marginal. Condition(s) such that environment,personnel error, design characteristics, procedural deficiencies, or subsystemor component malfunction can be counteracted or controlled without major'damage or any injury to personnel. ;

Category III - Critical. Condition(s) such that environment,personnel error, design characteristics, procedural deficiencies, or subsystemor component malfunction will cause major equipment damage or personnel injury,.or will result in a hazard requiring immediate corrective action for personnelor system survival. •

•"" 55n

66.2/2 '

i • " •

! AGC-90278

Category IV - Catastrophic. Condition(s) such that environment,

personnel error, design characteristics, procedural deficiencies, or subsystemor component malfunction will severely degrade system performance and causesubsequent system loss, or death or severe injuries to personnel .

(b) Category III or IV hazard conditions shall be precluded fromdesigns to the maximum practical extent.. Any design which includes aCategory III or Category IV hazard condition which cannot be eliminated will

require review by ANSC. The analysis of Category III or Category IV hazardconditions will be documented together with a proposed procedure for reducingthe consequences of the: hazard to an acceptable level.

(A) (c) The furnace design shall preclude the accumulation of a mixture .ofcombustible gases which can lead to explosion/fire during operations. Where

- it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of an explosive atmosphere, ignitionsources, in the. affected area shall -be eliminated or protection against ignition.otherwise provided. .

(d) The furnace/facility design shall preclude the accumulation ofinert/toxic gases in the operating area. Reliable devices shall be utilizedfor timely detection of the condition and generation of an adequate warningsignal perceptible by personnel without entering the pit.

(e) The Wai sh-Healy Act 41CFR 50-204 shall be followed inmeeting the environmental conditions, given below.

(1) Fresh air shall be supplied to the pit operating area.. An oxygen concentration of 20% per volume air shall be maintained at all times.

(2) Thermal environment shall be compatible with the facility.

ventilation capability to -provide a personnel working environment in the

comfort range as defined in "Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Guide(ASHVE)." . •

. • "

12 Rev. A '

66/12 '

AGC-90278 • '

(3) Noise levels shall not exceed limits for eight-hour exposure

to personnel.

(4) Illumination shall be adequate for personnel to perform their

work efficiently in the operating areas.

(f) The furnace system shall be fail safe, so if there is waterfailure, power failure, or.a vacuum failure, the system will sound an alarm andautomatically shut itself down in a safe manner to protect the equipment and .work load. The fail safe system shall be monitored by the operator and it shallbe possible -to detect any fail safe circuit malfunction.

3.2 System Definition.-

3.2.1 Interface Requirements.- .The furnace system described in thisspecification shall be physically, mechanically, and functionally'suitable foroperation With the Sacramento AGC Physical Plant as described below.

3.2.1.1 Schematic Arrangement.- The physical, interface relationshipsof the furnace system and the AGC Physical Plant shall be in accordance .with thedescription of the AGC Building 20005, Heat Treat Facility given in drawingSPE-14-1-70.

3.2.1.2 Detailed Interface Definition.- The mechanical and functional.. interface relationships of the furnace system shall be in accordance with the

following subparagraphs:i ' - . •

(A) 3.2.1.2.1 Mechanical Interfaces.-

(A) 3.2.1.2.1.1 Pit Area.- The furnace shell and vacuum system shall beinstalled by the contractor in the pit shown in drawing SPE-14-1-70. The

existing available pit area can be enlarged to 18.5 feet square by relocationof a concrete beam. Additional space of 9 by 18.5 feet, adjacent to the pit cell,is available to the furnace Contractor. •

- . • - •

• • " • ' • • ' ' • 5 7 •1 13 Rev. A

;-> AGC-90278

0 3.2.1.2.1.2 Sump Location.^ The sump located at the bottom'of the pitshall remain and will not interface with the proposed furnaces.

(A) 3.2.1.2.1.3 Gas Generator.- The existing gas generators are surplusequipment and may be moved by the contractor. .>

3.2.1.2.2 Functional Interfaces.- The service and utilities availablefor use by the furnace system are as follows:

3.2.1.2.2.1 FluicL- Water, nitrogen, and argon will be available aslocated in drawing SPE-14-1-70. Capacities available are as follows:

(B)

(a) Water(b) Steam

(c) Nitrogen

(d) Argon(e) Compressed Air

500-1000 GPM at 80 psi75-100 BHP at 90 psi (located600 feet from site)2000 SCFH continuous4000 SCFH for one-(l) hourat 4 psi10,000 SCFM at 50 psi200-250 CFH at 80 psi (not dry)

(A) 3.2.1.2.2.2 Electrical.-

(A) 3.2.1.2.2.2.1 Power Availability.- Power will be available as locatedin drawing SPE-14-1-70. Capacities available are as follows: .

(a) Two'(2) each - 12 KV/480V, 1000 KVA 3 0 transformers,(b) 12K/480V, 100 KVA, 3 0 transformer.

(c) Two (2) each - 12 KV, 2000 KVA 3 0 feeders.

d

Electrical components shall be designed to a power factor rating .of0.90 minimum. Available three phase power shall maintain a balanced load towithin 15 percent.

14 Rev. B

58

AGC-90278

3.2,2.2.2.2 Pov/er Switching Panel.- The facility power switching panelis identified and shall remain in service. The contractor shall use or modifythe available breakers, as required. ..

3.2.2 Component Identification.-

3.2.2.1 Engineering Component List.- Design of the furnace system shallinclude the following engineering components. Each component shall be suppliedand installed by the contractor. When installed, the components shall bemutually compatible to perform as required in Section 3.1.

(a) Work Load Support . . . ;.(b) Susceptor(c) Induction Heating Coil .(d) Thermal Insulation(e) Furnace Shell(f) Vacuum System.(g) Inert Gas Flow Control System(h) Power Supply and Controls : ;

.(i) Water. Cooling Tower(j) Instrumentation, Controls, and Control Cubicle

3.3 Design and Construction.- The design, construction and installationof the furnace system shall be provided by the contractor, and shall conform tothe following requirements.

3.3.1 .General Design Features.-

3.3.1.1 Structural Criteria.- Structural design features shall beconsistent with performance requirements specified herein.

(A) 3.3.1.2 Weight.- The weights of the work load components shall be asfollows:

15 Rev. A

59

66.1/3

AGC-90278 '

' ^ :/ - '•' •(a) Bulk Graphite Support 6000 Ibs., maximum(b) Fibrous Graphite 600 Ibs(c) Option 2, Lov/ Temperature • " ""

Control Capability(1) Steel Retort 3000 Ibs(2) Bulk Graphite or

Steel Support 6000 Ibs, maximum

3.3.1.3 Configuration.- The configuration of the: work load is definedin Figure 1.

- 3.3.1.4 Work Load Support.- . . . . . . . . .

(a) The work "load support shall be .capable of maintaining the :

position of the work load within +_ one inch, axially and diametrically,during the thermal operating cycle. .

(b) Heat Sinks.- Retractable heat sinks incorporated in the workloadsupport shall be capable of increasing the furnace cooling rate.

3.3.1.5 Susceptor.- The susceptor shall be assembled and disassembled

from the furnace shell vertically employing an overhead five-ton crane.

•3.3.1.6 .Induction Heating Coil. -

3.3.1.6.1 Assembly and Disassembly.- The induction coil shall be mountedvertically in the furnace shell, and shall be removed vertically employing a .five-ton crane.

.3.3.1.6.2 Coil Movement.- The coil shall be supported in such a mannerthat the coil centerline shall be held within £ one inch of the furnace shell' center! ine.

3.3.1.6.3 Electrical Insulation.- The coil shall be electricallyinsulated to prevent arcing.

3.3.1.6.4 Sight Port Pass-Throughs. - .A minimum of three sight port pass-throughs shall be provided on the coil to allow optical pyrometic measurement on

"•

the susceptor. • •

60. 16 Rev, B

66.1/4 ' •

AGC-90278

3.3.1.6.5 Coil Size.- The induction heating coil shall have a copperwall thickness of 0.25 inch, minimum,

.(B) 3.3.1.6.6 Coil Support.- The induction heating coil shall be supportedon the outside circumference by vertical columns which are spaced on 23 inchmaximum centers. . • ' • ; .

3.3.1.7 Furnace Shell.- .

3.3.1.7.1 Type.- The furnace shell shall be a cylindrical vessel witha flanged main closure.

(B) 3.3.1.7.2 Main Closure.- The main closure shall be operated with atwenty-ton gantry crane, to be provided by. ANSC, and secured with a quick actingspring loaded clamping device which allows gas to escape in the event of shelloverpressure.

3.3.1.7.3 Access- Ports.-

(a) Access ports shall be provided for required sight ports, inertgas and air inlet, outlet, vacuum line, thermocouple leads, pressure gauges,and power feed-throughs.

(b) Option 2 - Low Temperature Control. Capability.- All ports specifiedand in addition, one inlet and one outlet port to provide two SCFM of argon,nitrogen or air flow at three psig pressure, and .two thermocouple lead ports.

3.3.1.7.4 Sight Ports.- Sight glass viewports shall be located on thefurnace shell so that optical pyrometer measurements can be made on three equallyspaced locations on the susceptor corresponding to the top, center, and bottom.of the work load. Additional sight ports may be provided by the contractor. The •interior of the sight port glass shall be free of deposits during normal operation.The contractor shall consider employing inert gas flushing and ball valve closure.

17 Rev. B

61

66.1/5

'..;>• AGC-90278

c • ' • ' . • ' • " " • - • ' ' : ' " : • • • • • • • - ' • ' ' . •^P 3.3.1.7.5 Pressure Relief.- A relief valve for vacuum or pressureoperation shall be provided to relieve pressure at five psig. Corrosionresistant rupture disc assemblies will be provided to relieve pressure greaterthan eight psig at ambient temperature. The pressure relief system shall becapable of handling the maximum gas overpressure and flow conditions, and thedischarge gas shall be vented to the atmosphere in a safe manner.

(B) 3.3.1.7.6 Shell Construction.- The furnace shell shall be of doublewall construction, water cooled throughout, and shall meet the performancerequirements of paragraphs 3.1.1.4.

3.3.1.7.7 High Intensity Filters.- Sight-glass view ports shall be .equipped with removable optical filters.

•3.3.1.8 Vacuum System.~ The vacuum system shall be equipped with a

suitable low impedence filter to protect the vacuum pumps from the furnaceatmosphere, which consists, in part, of particulate graphite powder.

3.3.1.9 Inert Gas Flow System, Option No. 4, Forced Gas Convective Cool ing.-

(a) Gas shall be circulated through the hot zojie with a regenerative

gas recirculation type system which includes a high temperature fan and watercooled heat exchanger.

(b) Inert Gas .Purge.- When required in the event of an emergency,the inert gas.flow system shall provide a rapid purge of the furnace.

3.3.1.10 Power Supply.- The contractor shall provide a power supply with(A)1 sufficient capacity to meet the performance requirements in Section 3.1.

(A) 3.3.1.11 Water Cooling Tower.- The contractor shall provide a v/atercooling tower with sufficient capacity to meet the performance requirements in•Section 3.1.

3.3.1.12 Instrumentation, Controls, and Control Cubicle.-

18 Rev. B

62

66.1/6

t

AGC-90278*

3.3.1.12.1 Control Cubicle.- One enclosed control cubicle containingall measurement, metering, recording, programming, switching, operating controlequipment, and etc., shall be provided by the contractor, •

'

^"3.3.1.12.2 Control Duality.- Switching shall be provided .in this controlcubicle to permit selective operation of this furnace and a proposed secondfurnace to be installed adjacent to this unit at a later date.

3.3.T.I2.3 Temperature Measurement and Instrumentation.- The temperatureshall be continuously and automatically controlled, programmed, and permanentlyrecorded at any one of three .locations equally spaced on the susceptor. Thelocations on the susceptors shall correspond to the top, center, and bottom ofthe axial work load when positioned within the susceptor.

(a) Controllers.- . ' .(B) ~

(1) Low and middle range temperature controllers shall operatewith thermocouples.

(2) A high temperature controller shall operate with a minimum ofthree radiation pyrometers.

(B) . -(b) Control Modes.- The controllers shall be capable of manual * setpoint, and program operating modes which meet the performance requirements ofSection 3.1.

(1) Manual Mode.- The manual mode shall be capable of at. least 28 coarse power, range changes to the full power,rating, and of infinite control between these ranges.

(2) Setpoint Mode.- The setpoint mode shall be capable ofautomatically maintaining a predetermined power level.

(3) Programmer Mode.- The programmer mode shall be capableof continuously and automatically controlling a pre-determined temperature or power profile for each of three

\^± temperature ranges: low, middle, and high.

19 Rev. B

63—-__,..„„„.,-.„ „ .-- , - - - - - - • - . . . . . . . - - • . . • .. . ;,,—,- •••

*- *

66.1/7

AGC-90278 .

• . . : ' ' ' • ' . . - • - . • • - • • - •"•>'• ; v : ',-^v. '(c) Overtemperature Limiting.- The deviation ..between the powerand temperature profiles shall be limited to a predetermined span to preventtemperature overshoot. . ' • ' . .

3.3.1.12.4 Pressure Measurement and Instrumentation.- Gas pressure shallbe measured at a minimum of two positions on the chamber and at appropriate,positions on each vacuum pump. Cooling water pressure shall be measured.

(A) 3.3.1.12.5 Flow Rate Measurement and.Instrumentation. - The flow rates of.. nitrogen and argon shall be measured and controllable,

3.3.1.12.6 Option No. 3, Inert Gas Pressure Control.- .The furnace shellpressure shall be automatically controlled, and permanently recorded.

• ' . ' ' . / " ' • .3.3.2 Selection of Specifications and Standards.- Standards and

• . Specifications shall be selected by tjie contractor .from paragraph 3.3.3.1.

.'• --3....S...3. Materials.., Par-ts-, and Processes.- Materials shall be new and shallconform to the requirements in referenced specifications.

3.3.3.1 Applicable Speci fications_.- The following material types shallbe purchased with certification to the appropriate specifications.

(a) Aluminum QQ-A-20QQ-A-250

(b) Copper • - . QQ-C-576

20 Rev. B

- 6.4

. ; AGC-90278 ,

C " ; - ' " ' -- . ' • ' • •A (c) Steel MIL-S-6721

^ . QQ-S-766

ANSI B 16.5-1961

/ ASTH A 193-68"

"V~ ' . . ASTM A 194-68

. V • ASTM A 240-67

ASTM A 276-67

' AS.TM A 312-64

3.3.3.2 Furnace System Component Material Selection.- Materials of

construction shall be selected by the contractor and shall meet the following

construction requirements.

3.3.3.2.1 Induction Heating Coil.- Materials of construction shall be

resistant to corrosion from the furnace system environment and the coil shall

_" have suitable electrical properties which prevent arcing during operation.

• . ,„,. •3.3.3.2.2 Susceptor.- Material's of construction considered by the

contractor shall include bulk graphite and fibrous carbon. The latter proposedmaterial may be procured from several sources including Rohr, Riverside,California;. Hi.tco, Gardena, California; and Carbon Products Division, UnionCarbide, Niagara Falls, New York. •

3.3.3.2.3 Thermal Insulation.- Materials of-construction shall be capableof providing the required useful life and maintainability in this specification.The contractor shall consider all candidate materials including lampblack, carbonblocks, granular carbon, and carbon and graphite felt.

3.3.3.2.4 Furnace .Shell-.- Materials of construction for the interiorwalls, port flanges, common size nuts and bolts, and nozzles shall be resistantto corrosion by the furnace system environment. .

• 21

AGC-90278

CSection 4, QUALITY ASSURANCE . . .

4.1 Supplier Responsibility.- The contractor shall prepare and submit

with his proposal, a complete and concise description of a Quality AssuranceProgram the contractor proposes to utilize to assure compliance with theprovisions of this specification.

4.2 Exceptions.- The contractor's Quality Assurance Program shall bebased on compliance with SNPO-C-4 with the following exceptions.

(a) Part I '- System Requirements.- -

9.4 Evaluation . .12.3 Sampling Plans

12.4 Statistical Quality Control Charts

14B.2 Monthly Quality Status Report

15...2 Audit Reports and Corrective Act von

(A) (b) Appendix B - Quality Assurance Documentation Cross-Reference Index.-

Referenced inParagraph 22

2. The Contractor shall submit the following for review:,

(d) Results of Special Measuring and TestEquipment Evaluations Part 1,9.4

(e) Special•Sampl ing Plans; Application ofSampling Part I, 12.3

(i) Temporary Storage of End Items Part II, 1.3.6

3. The Contractor shall submit the following for information:

(a) Monthly Quality Status Report Part I, 14B.2

. ( b ) Quarterly Summaries o f Quality Program ' ; . . . • ' .Performance Audits Parti, 15.2

22 Rev. B

66.1/9 •

; AGC-90278 ,

c ( • " " ••' ' " ' •'•' . '-.-•'v 4.3 Special Acceptance Tests.-

4.3.1 Furnace Shell.- A leak rate and pressure test shall be performed

on the furnace shell using the following methods:

(a) Evacuate the furnace shell to 50 microns pressure, havingback-filled with helium three times.

(b) Seal-off the furnace shell and measure the leak rate.

(c) Maximum leak rate shall be 1 x 10 mm Hg per minute pressure,rise at 75 microns pressure.

(d) Pressurize furnace shell with helium at the contractor's designpressure. . .

(e) Seal-off the furnace shell, measure the leak rate, and record.

4.3.2 Induction Heating Coil.- A leak rate test shall be performed on' . •

the coil at the contractor's plant using the following method.

(a) Air pressure of 100 psig will be. applied to the coil. Leakswill be detected by applying a soap solution, MIL-L-25567 on all joints.All leaks detected will be eliminated.

(b). Evacuate the coil to one micron absolute pressure or less.•-. - . '

(c) Place a plastic shroud over the coil and fill with helium.

(d) With a calibrated mass spectrometer leak detector, observe the• leakage rate for five minutes.

(e) Maximum leak rate shall be 1 x TO std cc/sec or less.

23 Rev. B87

66.1/10

AGC-90278.Q

Section 6. NOTES . ^-

6.1 Facility Description.- The furnace will be installed by thecontractor at ANSC Sacramento Facility as defined in drawing SPE-14-1-70 andutilizing the following additional information:

(a) A wall may be built in the pit to isolate the furnace area.

(b) This facility does experience electrical power outages atindeterminate periods of time.

(c) The emergency power generator, located in AGC Building 20005,may be used by the Contractor, manual operation activates the propane, 75KWat 480 volt, generator.

(d) The main water supply is driven by pumps with an independentemergency backup power source. . .

6.2 Contractor Inspection.- ANSC and/or U. S. Government personnelreserve the right to inspect any of.all of the work included in this order atthe supplier's plant during fabrication at the contractor's or subcontractor'splant.

6.3 Drawings.- Two sets of detail drawings, descriptions, and a completebill of materials will be submitted to the ANSC Engineering Department forapproval prior to initiation of fabrication or procurement of any componentof the furnace and its accessory equipment.. Approval of components will notrelieve the contractor of his obligation to supply a furnace and accessory

equipment in strict conformance with the requirements of the application on

24 Rev. B

88

AGC-90278

this specification. Three sets of assembly and.detail -drawings,.wiring diagrams,and a complete bill of materials will be required prior to delivery.andinstallation of the furnace and all accessory components. One set of reproducibledrawings will be required upon ANSC acceptance of the furnace.

6.4 Ope ra t i n g Man u a 1 s. - •• Six complete sets .of operating manualsdescribing operating, safety, maintenance procedures and parts list willbe provided upon ANSC acceptance of the furnace.. . .

6.5 Operating 'Performance Acceptance.- The contractor will provide a

minimum of one operator and one engineer to initiate complete operation ofthe furnace and to demonstrate the required performance specifications to thesatisfaction of ANSC.

6.6 Training.- During a maximum two-week period, and ANSC-operatorand engineer will be trained in the operation of the furnace.

6.7 Presentation.- A one-day presentation of the -proposal in Cleveland,Ohio will be required o.f the bidder. ,

6.8 Option 2 - Low. Temperature Control Capability.- This feature willbe used at a maximum temperature of 850°C.

89

25

AGC-90278

(TABLE 1

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AG-CARB FIBROUS GRAPHITE

v . . • TEMPERATURE, °F

RT 1000 2000 3000-

Electrical ResistivTty, ohm-cm x 10" 13-16 —

Thermal Conductivity, BTU/hr/ft2/°F/ft •Hoop . , . — 19 15 14

.;...• ..Radial — ; 12 11 10

-3 ' • 'Thermal Expansion, in/in x 10

Hoop - 1.6 3.2 5.5Radial — 2.6 5.3 7.8

Tensile S.tKen.g±h.,. ksi

Hoop 11 — 12 13

Compressive Strength, ksi .Radial - 10 — 9 9

Flexure Strength, ksi

Hoop . 16-20 . — -- 20-24

Density, gm/cc 1.45 +0.5 — — —

70

26

AGC-90278-INDUCTION COIL

SUSCEPTOR

.\ 1\ '

Af \~\

J f uUDDD

r .„,

,,.,.

.J

150" [)

u

0r

•i'

m \nn—

uti • '

ii!"~

Oi

<- . 139.655

'

-

f

J PL" "•

j ' ..

!,'. •

//

/'* 'ri

iii>a

t ,

II; *

' t

, '.

/ 1

1 . i

x

X

1

•J ^J £_

^3 58 2 ]\ j\ i\ «i

7 DIA — — «— .

• r-t-i

>/

• ••' '•• '' y- -•' •>

. • . . . - . - : „ . .

-_e_

• - . '.-.

.

x'i<['\

\'

''\

\

\

^

c

<'

'1

• - . ' • • / ' • *

L_o'-2"

^\

^v\

-—GAS -INLET \ .\\

i

^

•1 L

'

-0'-4"

V \

\-f\r-} v "

A\\

/

v

\\\\\\'-M-

1 '

\\

. \-.K »i

' • • — «— 0'-4" DIA \\,.•

/

v^ — GAS OUTLET

L16.500 DIA

•.i)

•

i

, 0'-4"i

-•

•s

!

»'•:

!

.

— -----

il1 \' \• i

•1

• . II- "•

Ttimr.

jr- in'_n" niA

— ro'-fi" niA ,_

--,

U

\J000nu0II

.0•\.

\

ri —i • -'i |! — '

'-

!

1 •:

1! — ii'

••

I "':•"

*'••i1• 1

.

NOTE: WORK LOAD WEIGHTS

1. FIBROUS GRAPHITE 600 LBS

2. BULK GRAPHITE 6000 LES*•. . ^ T* »"" ** t r^ ~* T '"'• "~ "** ^* /"» ^*\ / ! *~* **1. STlin.L : . _ i L . . » i ^000 LL.C)

(OPTIONAL)

r-—i

j FIBROUS.GRAPHITE

F~! BULK GRAPHITE

INDUCTION FURNACE WORK LOAD SCHEMATIC

• FIGURE I

I

AGC-90278

WORK PIECE GASSING, LITERS/MIN

(H2 CH4,

o

GAS RELEASE FROM WORK PIECE IN PROPOSED VACUUM INDUCTION FURNACi

. FIGURE 2 .

'•" .' 28 .'"'' •

APPENDIX C

ANSC INDUCTION FURNACE INSPECTION REPORT NO'S

503993, 503994, and 512330

73

teROJE7.-GEMEP.Al. CO!;.PO?j\T!ON

INSPECTION REPORT N9 503993SKETCH ATTACHED D

C! 07:1-3 (3=-Y. PAGE I OFI. FACILITY /l;c i.'iS.'.

2G1BO-5-

Z. K9. OAT TH. 3. PAST HO. DASH C/L

8 |30|7l |AGG-90278A I I4. P A R T / K A I E X I A l KAItE

Induction FurnaceITCH J/N

NERVAt. Ih iFECTIOH CRITtn IA

KJ DBS. E3 SPEC. I—I I.I.

OTHIK ( E X F I A I X )

S Accept. Tesfccx» •.'KiT OF UEA*.. | le. I'T SIZE I II. 3TT. IHSP. ill. OTT. KOT ACC

! 1 see below13. CCHT«A.CI XO.

SNP-1, Project 143M. S.O. HO.

Crn.gm.et Div. of Cheston Corp.

IS. P-O./lilTA HO.

N-^BO 1.3-619. srr

. SFM

Q

CD

n

prev ious R;POJT no.

#512330

TEST K U H B E H PRE TEST D

TEST D

POST TEJT O

J4. K£XT ASST P/X IS. HEXT AtlT I/K

19. C;SCR£PA.SC» OR KCti-Ca

Spec. 90278A - the amendments to

•HH/1..CL,ITl« 01 .to | CHf.1.

occvm LIST III

Per

C8OE* : MO. PCS. -

Purch.ase

0*5/SPEC «E«

Order

• IKSP. f.ES.

N-001

• I T C V

36,

IO£KT- '['"'sS' iAGC ! ' . !

OEVIEK

D ER

orc i i iOKSD us

same, and the acceptance test plant

:

' 1 • ' •

•t

i

iI!

j

.

consisting of Section !• Mechanical•

Operation, Section II Electrical

Op.e ration, Section I-II Safety

Interlocks and Section. IV

Performance. . The following

discrep?.ncies and nonconf orrnances

are hereby noted:

'•

. •

.

.

ti. ;-^r,u;;»

0It. t»/K«

IHIP. 5 J F I « T ; i J R rx:c./ur:. REPS.

SIT. MOT ACC. NEK |.(t. XO. f A C I L I T T A M 9 IN3P. ASEA 1.1SPECT10M I O £ K T I T T

SIT. HOT ACC. «T f. O T H E R ! ElP.i (Xn.A.<(ATI3.H Cr O T H E R

PATI

OC RCPR.

A C T I O ; I TO P K I : / ( K T

74I till, nil | H I T . I A I V A C I I rJOC.;. ,-t . B C P R . OATI | CC R I P H .

AEROJET-GENERAL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Cent. SheetNO. 503993

7- '•s:j '•'••2f. A R C A

_. ... _ __I 2. K-J. C/.7 VS. S.. f i.'.T NO. CASii C

|8 [30 [71 AGC-90278A I It. f/.SI 0/N

____ __I s H C r - OK^ifiT KCl.

n

LU l». DISCREPANCY Oil KOU-COK. OR Li 16. CA'jtE OF CIS. D 2O. DISP. /CCVKtNTS Ok G IS. ACT. TO P1f¥. K£C'JS.

CHAR/I 7 E UHO

1

2

~ :'"j*

3

|1

^CHAR

k

>

|

OCCUR

.

•

LIST IN O R D E R . KO: PCS..- DWC/SPtC • RC9 IliSP. RES. • ITEH IDCHT.

Section I, Pacje 3, F. 4. Contractordid not demonstrate that the

vacuum, mechanical pumps had the

capabilities of pulling a vacuum

to 1 0 microns.

Section I, Page 6, 6b, 8b, 9b, lOb

& lib. Measure water flow and

record flow rate on Pumps Nos.

30-VP-l, 30-VP-2, S'O-viP^Sr 30-VP--

4 &-30B-BL. Measure and record -flow

rate in middle, top and bottom

furnace shells, not completed by

contractor.•

Section U, Page 8, H. 2. d.

Demonstrate that the silicon

rectifier output is variable between

0 &: 100 Vdc and has a maximum

output of 100 amperes. Section II,

Page 10, J. 3. through 3e.

Demonstrate tha.t the two pressure

recorders Nos. 10-37 and pressure

eau^e Mo. 10-1 are calibrated to

within 1% of full scale deflection.

.

21. P R E L I M .

DECISION

'

.

j

R E V I E W DECISIONS

' D ER D MR

1. Accept. The 10 micron , valve isthe ul t imate m i n i n v j i u operat ing-

pressure for the vacuum .pumps . " The"capability demonstrated was 17 microns,

v.'hicii .is adequate to naet the- -require-.

ments of the -ANSC Spec No. AGC 90278A,

Para 3.1.1.2.1.- * - •'

2. Accept. ANSC w i l l make the

required measurements. '

-• - • . .

3a. Accept. The s i l i con rectifier

has a name plate rating of 100 Vac.

The control c i rcui t requires a maximuir

36 volt output . The voltsge range of

0-36 volts was demonstrated, and is

satisfactory to mset the performance

requirements of the Spec i f i ca t ion .

3b. P re l imina ry D i s p o s i t i o n - S u p p l i e s

shal l slicv: c a l i b r a t i o n of tiic l is ted

gauges. The Stokes l-'cLeod gaugo

requires cer t i f icat ion of c a l i b r a t i o n .

' . 7i> . :

INSPECTION REPORT - Cont. Sheet503993

AWa-UHl—i. t A C i n i i ;.r,j iwsr. A.-.E

2000-5DV.SH C/L

8 !30 -l7.il AGC-90278A I I5. FAKT S/N - Or.*Ui 1*0.

D i»- 5:;:x:?*:iC» P* KOS-CIH. ca D is.'dvse or cis.

OF OCCUR IIST IK ORCER. 110: PCS. . DW6/SFEC - BEO INSP. RES. • I T E M I O E K T .C H A R

21. F K E U H .

DECISION


D ER . D HR

Section III, Page 13, B, 1. Con- Acceot. The automatic valvetractor did not demonstrate that 'closure v;as demonstrated at aduring vacuum pull do-.vn operation. [pressure of 35 microns . This pressureThe main vacuum, valve closes auto- Ivalve is adequate to protect thematic&lly, trouble light turns on vacuum pumping system from over-

and horn sounds, \vhen chamber (pressure.

| rises above 20 — H^ Vacuum.

Section IV. Page 1 6. A. Ib. Con- 5a. Accent. Con t ro l l ab i l ity v/astractor need to demonstrate that demonstrated at 7GO°C. This ter^per-the fu-r-nace-i-s eont-rollabl-e ••within • jature is acceptable in l i e u of SbO°C

2% of any set point, set between.- | {because ' - i t i s a 'more d i f f i c u l t850°C tc 2750°C. For this test ho id ino . temperature f o r ' t h i s e q u i p r n e n t .controllability is to be 850°C 1

5°C, set point teinperature.

Section IV, Page 17, IK, I g l i Ig3, pb. Accept. The furnace terr-oeratureIh3, Ih5. Contractor has not com- fonov/ed the control tenioerature ratepleted this part of the temperature csmanded by the cam programer vn th incapabilitv tests. The rate is the accuracy reguirc-d. This der.ori-esrablished to decrease 15° _ 2°C Istraticn. 'shov/ed that the f u r n a c e is

per hour, between 2750 and con t ro l laole . Future operat ion w i l l

2680°C an.d '60°' J. 6°C per hour require r.ors scc-jrat.Giy. cut CAI-ISbetween 2680° and 1800°C. iachieve the rates desired.

Section IV, Paec ?-0. D. 2. Jb urnace

coolin" section is not co:nr>].cto.

Contractor inust demonstrate that

cooling is suff icient a n d - t h a t thefurnace shells, iiangci and all

.:•.•.[•.•••. cl ieci

6. Accsct. The r,,axii;;u:n s!;ell temper-

ature rsached di:rinq the fins! run

v/as 53°C on the top flange and S5°C

on the botto"! i e . T i i c s t - r ' r r 5 t ' . f r -

'lv_c ?1 <! .1 e_J?.<- <" . n s e th e f u r n ? c o v;a s

AEROJET-GENCRAL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Con!. Sheet503993.1 7x 0

. i. or- <-• -^i. nMCm AM ir;;c.

2000-5i. HO. DAT TS. I 3. r/.hl 1,3. DASH C/L

I S l"0 l7.nAC-C-00?7SA j f It. PART S/N ( S.HOP

,,,q.,._<.;.,„ T- I

"IVr.OGRAU

J iu. aii?:,ci-«>'i:;rs crt D re. ACT. TO FH:V. RICUR.

CHAH/ittuHO

(•

X^^1

.

8

ftM

CIASCF

C H A R

ftF

|ftv

9

iii

O C C U R

i

LIST 11! O R D E R . HO: PCS. • OWE/SPEC • R£0 IKSP. RES. • I T E K IDtKT.

Reference Section IV, Para, la,

Pasce 15. Mechanical Vacuum

Pumps. Contractor has operated

all 4 pumps above the manufac-

turer's recoi-nmended amperage

rating, and has at numerous tiiTies

operated all 4 pumps without

proper oil level, being evident in

pump bases. Piping changes on

exhaust.. system,... installation of . .

baffles in tees and oil equalizina

piping system need drawing

changes.

Reference Section II, Para. J. 5,

Page 10. Duplex Cam Time

Plotters - due to faulty or wrong

cut cams on 10-^-23 Honeywell

duplex tempera tu re controllers,

the controllers do not -Derform or

control temperature decrease at

60°C_per hour, as called out per

Acceptance Test Procedure.

--

21. P R C L I K .

CtCISIOli

k

77

i

. 1!

1

R E V I C K DECISIONSD ER D MR

losses which caused. these sk in

temperatures.

7. Prslinrihary Di spos i t i on . Themechanical pump n;o tor amperesexceeded the manufacturer ' s rating.The furnace supp l i e r shal l certifythat the f r :anufacturer ' s v/arranty. rv/asnot voided and warranty to one yearfrom date of out-of-spec operation.;Suppl ier sha l l make dra\vingrevision, as described in Item 15A

below..

8. Accept. Furnace temperaturefollowed temperature v a l u e demandedby cam control ler w i t h i n requiredaccuracy. Future operation wi l l

raquirc: .v.ore accurately cut cams.

• •

AEROJET-G-1NERAL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Cont. SheetNO.. 503993

I. FACILI71 At.P INSP. Ahi-A,

2000-5

,PAGE ______ - ______

I I. X3. DAf 1«. i !. P A R T hO. DASH C/L I 5. TART £/K i Ei;;? Or.iiR 1,0.

8 |30 |7ll AGC-90278A |. I induction Furnac.fe

K Q/

PKC'jKAK

D U J D :?• PIS? •'•:"- ;.-;T; cs H -€. V.-T. ir- ?^-v.'rr.c ••-.

CHAR/ CIASITEM OFK3 CHAR

LIST IN ORDER. NO: PCS. . DK.'5/SPEC . RSQ INSP. RES. • ITEM IDENT.21. P R E L I M .

DECISION

REVIEW OECISICSS

D ER O KR

Reference Section IV, Para. E. 2. J9. Accept. Graphitefelt was

Pae 20 £.- Sec. 1. Dl. Paee 2. repaired and replaced satisfactorilyThere are 23 documented areas by the supplier.of visual detectable deteriorations

in the graphite felt insulation.

Current condition \varrants in

order to maintain thermal in-

sulation, additional felt must be

added prior to any further use of

said furnace.

Reference (Section I, Para, bl, 10. Accept. Alternate methods ofPage 2) Cragmet Tool No. 3086, measurement were used to assure

"Workload Base &: Measuring acceptable alignment.Tool". Contractor did not supply

proper measuring tool for vertical

alignment of the coils, susceptor

or lower 42" work support rings,

Contractor did on numerous times

overload the limitations on ANSC

11. Acc2?t. Ov?rlc2d conditions

ware reviewed by A!iSC Plant

Power Sub-Statixm, passing the Engineerinq. The,a!xunt of overloadred line of amperes allowed. was within the operating capability

^

of the sub-station.

I fc f r» r*~ r^»"-» .—» » • « •- -i ^* ^ -* ,^» . /-«•roi-L.^uvix iv-rrwM. - Ocnr. inccr

//"—nl-.'.:.4_t' •.! 7)"I L I T T t.HO I.ISr. A R E A

PAGE OF _ fe 9

S. MO. DAT TB. I 3. P'.KT !ii. DASH C/L

8 }5QJ71[AGC- 8 ;0278A-E. P A R T 5/K I SilOi- .-,:-rfi; ;:0.

Induction Fumade

r H i »/IIi.M

HO

12

13

s — -u'

1 "±

rM

!ct«sOF

CHAR

1

•\

»

OCCUR

iLIST IK O E 2 C R . KO: PCS, . DwC/SfEC . K£0 IHSP. RES. - ITEM IDCI IT .

Pv.eference Section I, Para. (2),

-Page 5. Water Leaks. Cc:itractor

needs to replace /repair Cra.ne Air

Release Valve No. 676 on furnace

spool weldment f lange, #2.

Center spool.

Reference Dwg. No. 3086-300-21 -- o

Si^ht Port, Graphite parts detail.

Contractor must align k adjust

sight port tubes.. Following all

temperature furnace runs, , the

sight tubes were misaligned,

making it impossible to obtain

2.ccurate temper'atvir'e reading for

subsequent runs.

/a- .iJ-ii<-.>: <J.lA.s *.» i.--— r_<---- -^ i.i i:t^"— -_r. - \^ =^ :._ :<-: i r.--n !.ia.--r -

_ ^ „ _ ...j.5 j . — . , . _J^ _• _ -^ -ii-i. -. - :• : x - ii y.-i li-- ^. UA-- -•-.•_'_) Ji

f~..-, - : -f^rx >':-y^-! yr?^?- "•; "'^ <"?:-' '' ~ /•; ~ :•--•?" K^/r_" T^

Section (6) , Page 7, 6. 1 Inspection

. & Test Equipment. Contractor

should certify that all inspection

&; testing equipment has been

calibrated to an accuracy consistent;

with, parameters and tolerances

evaluated during said acceptance !

tests. TE. Normal water coolant

punip .gauge is pegged and not

\vorkinc:.

21. P R L L I M .

.DECISfON

. i

l-llA


D ER D XR

12. Accept. Suppl ie r has repairedvalve .

.

13.. Accept. S u p p l i e r has a l i enedsight port tubes. This conditionwi l l become less no t i ceab le infuture runs as sett l ing of theqrajphite f e l t is .completed.

-

. . •14. P re l iminary Dispos i t ion .

•Suppl ie r sha l l p rovioG csruri-cations as noted. AiJSC sha l l replacepump gauge.

' -

8

AEROJET-GENERAL COLORATION

• INSPECTION REPORT - Coht. SheetNO.. 503993

7 _ S 9t. IS-^mH A.'iS l.'iSP. AS tA I 2. KO. LAT Yfl .

2^)-5 18 |30 J71 AGC-90278A | | (Induction FurnadeD '3. Disci»cp>.!;cr OR K O K - C O H . OR D :6. CA'jst or ct5. i Q =?. ::?r./ccM w i ' M T S C-K ;j :c-. » C T . TO PITV. R J C ' . H .

CK»S/CUMK3

15

.

-

^

CLASOF

C H A R

'

"

VI

-^f-

i

O C C U R LIST IN O R D E R . HO: PCS. • DWC/SFEC . REQ CNSP. RES. • ITEM I D C I I T .

The following drawings must be

upgraded by the contractor to show

in detail changes in regards to the

'as built1 configuration.

A. DVvrG. 3086-100-50 k 3086-

600-20 Mechanical Pumps

Vacuum,

............ of p.uojp. c

-Stokes. Installation

il by-jpass lines at ff

pumps base. Installation of

Tee &: Baffle in exhaust lines.

B. DWG. 3086-200-62, Rev. A,

Bottom Felt Support Details.

Installation of 28. SS304, 3/4"

x 2'61! posts welded around

bottom of inside furnace, felt K

insulation support.'

C. DV/G. 3086-100-20, Sheet 1. .

Argon System, Emergency.

Contractor field decision to

change direction and con-

figuration of Argon Emergency

Flow System Piping.

D. DWG. 3086-200-10, Graphite

Felt Insulation^ Contractor.

21. P R E L I M .

DECISION

R E V I E W D E C I S I O N S

D ER D MR .

15.: Pre l iminary Dispos i t ion .! Supp l i e r shal l revise drawings toishcv: the f i na l as -bui l t conf igura t ion .

field decision to change i

fnethod of felt installation.

from lapped. vertical instal- \

lation to 6" 1-. 7" rolled felt

configuration.

E. D\VG. 30S6-600-30E, Furnace

Top J.,id,tractor c

. ' • •

' • -" -

• . -

.

• •

\Vnter Coolnit. Con-ihar.c;c o.C o o ;•: '.: n f rom j

ulov-out cjisks ;:o s tcoi standpioc? at f-"1'^ lUt n ^ n 'vn;ici :

bottom L: cctioii. j• ..• - . . . . . | __ 7 9 ; - ' . " .

AEROJET-SRNEP.AL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Cent. Sheet503993 -

i T r A U B I S f P . /.:rt

J O O - 5. j i. KD. p/.t IK. I z. f•'•'•' •'••"<.

_PAGE-: -—~=.-:=Of.—-=-———-i Fi.CIf.-'.fi •

o 130 |71JAGC-9027oAJ | . (induction Furnaceon ...I.;; iis. on LJ 2'- i.v.:'-E OF f.s.

CHAR/IT EXKO

15

Y^

16

_ci

Cl«or

C K A R

kp

.

l_

OCC'JR

•

II5T IN O R D E R . NO: PCS. • BWO/SPCC • REO IKSP. RES. - I IEK IDCHT.

ST F. DWG. 3086-200-41 (DetailA) Vacuum Chai-jiber \Veidmen.tciecaii. L/ontraccor neici uesigichancre, installation of three

air release valves at the

flange area, of all three

furnace spools - top flangearea.

G: DWG. 3086-300-21, Sight

Port Graphite Parts Detail.• •

1 Contractor field decision to

redesign and install a new

configuration of top lid

sight port.

K: D"\VG. 3086-600-30, Water

Schematic & DWG. 3086-100-82, contractor field decision

and redesign of larger coolant

lines from furnace shells to

drain.

I. DWG. 3086-200-10, Vacuum

Furnace Assembly, Con-

tractor field decision to

install transits boarding

around top of inside furnace,

between induction coils and

furnace wall.

Section IV Page 16, A. Idl.

Contractor did not demonstrate;

that the furnace \vas automatically

temperature controlled from

11. P R E L I M . '

DECISION

R E V I E W 6Lc;;ii:iSD ER D «R

-

• ;

'-

16. Accept. .The spec i f i ca t ion does

net require; ciutc-natic tempi raturs

ccn troll e b i l i t y b?tv/ssn 25CQ C C and2730CC. Ti'ie s u o p l i e r n i a n u a l l v cont ro l -

! 2 b O O to 2750°C per hour. 'loci t^rorr.t'.i'-o fr::-; ccrnct"d rao^iiv-.;

!ci" ''£p;ijr'-" to ^ C S S ' C This •;-vi^! i- i_.£_„=-.- v.._-__.r .^__«.- • ,-v..::L :_

o^teiiipGrature ac'iioy^d is acceptable

jOv.'«.uojv; i u inju cs L'M'? Lt'i!i'.'|iir>a ktirc

AEROJtT-CEXERAL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Cent: SheetNO..

503993-

l.l (^ .c^)

2000-5i. J A n l liO. p»SH Cll.

| 8 J30 |71 AGC-90278A | |s. r/.r.T S/K

Induction Fumade

PAG5__.__-/r &>.:; LK ;;;..

D is. niCREffitY 05 V.?N-C-:H: oa O 7£. c;.;;:; cr r:s. -O

CHA-V/i l t»

HOLIST IK OKOER. NO: PCS. • DWG/SPEC • REO IIISP. RES. • ITEM IDENT.

21. PKEUU. REVIEW DCCISICNS

D ER D MB

17 Section IV, Pagel6 , lei control 1 abi 1 i ty reoul ren-ents of SjjecContractor did not demonstrate I90278A;. Para 3.T.1.V.2 requiresthat the furnace temperature can be controllability of +2^ * ('temperaturemanually adjusted to 2750°C, correction.'method referenced belov/).maximum, and automatically

maintain this set point temperature 17. Accept. As stated above, thefor 5 hours. maximum temperature demonstrated met

the requirements of the specification.Set point temperature control wasvrithin the temperature range of 2670°C

18 Section 1, Page 5, L 5 to 2695°C, which is acceptable.Contractor has not demonstrated

that the Baltimore air cooling 18. - Accept. Supplier has reworked thetower operates \vithout visible cooling iov,:er and has el irr.inated all

water leakage. water leakage.

19 Section IV, Page 20 la, Ib & 2. 19. Accept. Anti-rust water

Due to large rust formation in the treatment is considered normal

furnace shell inner walls and maintenance, and will be provided by

piping, rust inhibitor must be Ai'lSC during future furnace operation,

added to the system. Contractor

h?.s failec! to demonstrate?. th?.t.periodic maintenance is not re-

quired during any 14 day operating

cycle. *Temoerature Measurer-ant Correction

1. Quartz glass correction - national

Bureau of Standards Technical

Paper !,'o. 170, "Puromstric

Practice".

—i-

i 2. Target Cnissivity -

!" a. • Kingery, i! D, High Tempsraturc

INSPECTION REPORT - Cont. SheetNO..

503393 ,

-c 9a1. f^TJEill AM" IH^P. AhCA

2000-5j 2.-J.O. LAI \H. | a. { A R T I.'J.

18 130 71 i AGC-90278ADASH c/i

PAGE ?0 OF 9I £. F/..I: s/:i " "' j'ii

Induction -FurnaceD i». *.I:C«EP-:;;Y CB ns.s.-c?s. CR A.ji!; or cis. - A"T. TO FT-TV . P.-IC-JK.

CKIR/lituKJ

-.-• .'- .

A

~,\

CIASor

CHAR

r>

t1

OCCUR LIST IN ORDER. 110: PCS. • OWC/SPEC . REO INSP. RES. • ITEU IDCNT.

-:•—

-- --.JA' „•,".-.. •- ,- •;

- ...- • •-. -:!-v .

i

21. PRELIM.

DECISION

82

''

REVIEW DECISIONS

D.ER ' D HR '

b.. Rudy, E, Pirini -Furnace for

the Precise Deterr.iination of. the

Ms! ting Temperature of Refractory

Substances.

3. Hot Zone and Target Temperature .

Difference - ifeino i iSMO:i;1745,

dtd 8 -September 1971, Temperature

Measurement in Inert Induction

Furnace.

.

.

_ , . . ' •

CORPORATION

.' 5

SKETCH ATTACHED Q

N9': 50U894(REV. •-« PAGE I OP 2

>.r;« *AK > l.-iSP.

2000-5i. peOJ/uGDCI.

NERVA*. UKIT OF

1

(. JUT ce.

10. SFP

CFI!

HEAS.

,

14. I

10

U P P l

LOT sue

1

9 1-14!:«. o CAL 7. w

II. BIT. INiP.

1: = R .HA-iE AND CCCE

r 3 PA^T WO. DASH C/L

Fl j AGG 90Z7SA.0. KO. ».

0U. SIT. NOT ACC.j 13. CONTRACT

See belo-J/ SMP

Crag met Div. of Cheston Corp.DDn

11. P R E V I O U S E^?C,ST KO.

503993

l i . TEST K U K t L K

1

4 . P A R T / U A T f c R I A t M A U C

Induction FurnaceH S T E C T I C X C R I T E R I A

SI DOS. bi] SPEC.

NO.

I T E M S/H

O T H E H ( E X P L A I N )

Q-i.i. EB Accept T^>=;^ NO.

-1, Project 14317. DIJTf t . 1C. P.

». rRE TEST O

TEST D

POST TEST D

O./r.TA HO.

N-00136S«. H E X T ASSt P/H as.

u. s.o. NO.

KEXT ASST S/H

39.

17.

as.

I t . D I S C S J f A K C t OR K O H - C O K F O f t W A I I C E 10. D I S P O S I T I O N / C O U H E M T 5

«<«_• CL.Tir l OPK: j CHAR.

ii

Ij .! • • ••j

i!

i>

1

iI

1occuii; LIST IX onors: NO. PCS. • DWC/SPSC REO • IHSP. RCS. . I T E K IOEHT.

! During the ope ration -of painting thei; Induction Furnace/ the painting

j crev/s broke Iccse the Crane ifol6• '! .

- Air bleed valve to the nnicldle fxirnace

! s-oool weldmerit, (Ref. JDWG. 3086-

i 200-41, Detail A. ) Visual inspection

i reveals that the .installation of the

'\ 1/2" N. P. T. Nipple which supports

the valve was of poor workmanship.

' The nipple was .supported bv onlv

: three threads and the tapped 1/2"•

• threaded hole was i rregular with the

•threads beins shallow. It should also

•be noted .that, this particular furnace

21. rp .ELiu. | ICVIEW Decision;

DECISION | D ER O UK

i Accept. AMSC sha l l reinstall the : ..• i • • . . ' • •

; air bleed valve and f i l l v.'itii v/ater.

i

! •i . . • • • • " ' •

• . • - • iii •ii • •i .

.- i- ';

1

! - ' '

!

CTT. SOT AC:. KEW I.ft. KO. PACILITY AND IHSP. AKCA

rt. E»/WS• i iUDirlTDtciiion

OTT. KCT ACC. CTT. OTHES ( iXP.) E X P L A N A T I O N UF O T H £ R

BATE CUIT. OATE

JliSt O* B'.iiKlPANCT

u. M.:cit5 ; mposstJn.it-: i «ti. »ri

• •I.-li'l > ' I 1 1 1J'>f;i:?m.i ! 1 1 A:C 1 — 1 !•.>•.-.. •• i |- i

ACtlOX 10 PREVENT HtCUIlRtXClL EFfCCTlVITY

S3«fi. »kf«. DATS OC «CPH. . • »i7I

INSPECTION REPORT - Coht. SheetNO.503994

PA6=_JL -_OF.rr AN- INS?. /.st.\

2000-5I. CO. CAT YR. I 5. I.;.::T C/t

9 | 14|71|AGC 90278A | Ii. r A K i S/U I SII'jP OKL L8 K9

Induction Furnaje __ :-'.-i£ c? t!S. D 30. O I I P . / C C - ' I B I N I S O3. D CC. AC". TO T B t V . B F C ' J R .

C^,^ntn

NO

(4^\?

(<

CL/.SCf

CHAR

»

^_

OCCUR

'

IIST IK O R D E R . 110: PCS. • DWC/SPiC • BIO INSP. RtS. • ITtU 1DEHT.

shell has lost a considerable amount

of specially treated \vater_, all from

the top spool weldment.and to the

top level of the center spool. Top

and center spools are linked

together by a common water•

coolant line. •

.

21. P R T L I K .

DECISION

84

i

R E V I E W D E C I S I O N S

D ER D HR

•

'

COMPANY.

/ ^^721-3 ( R E V 1.'7II

1. (ACIUTT AKC" IIt:.?. t.:.~;.

2005

. St'ElC.H ATTACHE:)

N2 512330f . -.

PAGS I OP 3

2. US. CAT Ifi

6 j 23 1713. M.ST no,

AGC-9Q2J8A Induction Forhac6. fr.OJ/iCIEt.

KEKVAC. 0 CAL 7. W.O. KO.

LJ ov.'s. LJ rrc:.

B. LKIT CF 10. LCT CUE il. OTt. IKIP. 12. CIT. HOT ACC.l IS. COXIRACT KO.

See Eelov SI-.T-1 Project 1^3

Cragmat

ie. P.O./UTA KO.

1T-0013630. G5F G

6FU O

I!- FRCV1CUS RIFOKT K3. .12. TEST NUUDCR PKS TCST (3

TEST O

PESTTFS7 D

at. KEXT ASSI P/K 3C. I.'EXT ASST £/«

C'iAB/M ES

NO.

I

(^

OFCK.\a.

j

is. eircn.::?.*j:cr OR ra.s'-cc-ircSK.'.ticE

OCCUR LIST IS OKDES: HO. TCS - 6KJ/SPEC,REO • INS?. KES • I7EU IDEKT.

! Per Parchase Oraer; Paragraph 8

5Urn°ce Svsterr. stsT-tivo.

•The Seller has completed a prelisinar;

system check as required by sub

paragraph 1 In accordance vith the.

Sellers sub~.it.ted activation and;.

accc'D^.a-"" ~o"an. Sc-ct^o^ ^ Activate

Ivater Svster: and Section 2. Activate! Pumping System. SJhe following con-

ditiCJis are reoorted.:

l) ^he "crelirnJLnnr'/ svstein check vas

run without AKSC aiooroval cf the

Se Tier's "olan.

/ />

21. PF.EL1K.

BECIS10K

.-.

.

•

ic. tnsFos:T:c-</coi(iir.-.7s

fiEVIGB CECJS10NS

O ER D nil

. .

1. Accspt. S u p p l i e r ' s p lan .wasrejected and s u p p l i e r was directed to

meet requirements of AMSC Acceptance-P l a n .

12. i;;iri;.rcn ICEKTITT

23. It./Kt.AJPf.OVAlS

PSCC./KF3. RE?R.

CUST. DATS'

C.-.f. K37 ACC. !,£.* l.R. KO. FACILITY A.'ii i.SSP. ASCA INSFiCTO^ I5CKTITY

zs.

on. o iKCK (E:P.) OIPH:;ATI JH or c IK; a

BATE 1 CUST.

if . e?mtcr:vc/ .CT

ACTIO.'I 73 PilEVCHT RECUHRtllCC ttrtcTivur

I »:::•; «--:.ir.ii.irr j BJV. BTS. f C:T :» | F-OC./MFC.. i:[p.-.. CATC I CCI

AEROJET-GENEP.AL CORPORATION

INSPECTION REPORT - Cont. Sheet

m NO — -'-'-

PASE .1. f A C l U T Y AN» IKSP. A R E A 2. HO. CAT tH. ». »AP.T K3.

Q0276ADASH C/t.

I I

S. PART S/M '.HUP OrOtH 1.0.

D !»• DiSCStPAMCT OR NOIi-COX. OR i_! ;5. CAUSE OF D1S. D IO. D'.JP./CC-VlilHTS CR i_l J6. ;CT. TO P R C V . Kt.C'JH.

CHAR/HimN3

CLASOF

CHAROCCUR! LIST IN ORDER. KO: PCS. • CwC/SfiC . REO INSP. RES. - ITEK IDE.1T.

21. PRELIK.

DECISION

P.EVIiV:

D ER

\9 Arrorit Tna n

DECISIONS

D UK

1 tr. = "•>«: for fv~nm

-«

I

^

i-

actions are reported for record and

evaluation:

During the activation of the purccins

svstem while pum'o-'': down the chanber

the oil levels in vacuum JPU.T.TD 1 & 2

3 & 4 were unstable, result ins; in oil

flowing from one punp to another thru

the venting system allowing one or the

other "Dump's oil svvooly to become de-

pleted.to below reccr r.ended oil level.

Hie Seller .attributed the condition tc

j back pressure at the 15 foot level

t

l_

...

manifold, and the need, for baffles in

the T ^oint connsctins: pumps and vent

system.

3) Sucolier fabricated and installed

baffles in the T' section which is not

in accordance with the Seller's drawi:

as approved by AK3C.

The Seller states that the back pressi

is caused by AKSC's vent system and

recommends modification .

k) 0?he pit. is 'in an unsafe condition

as a result of oil bein- scilled durii

i

iZ

•TQ

1£~~ 3

the Sellers draining and refilling ofj

the vacuum pump oil system. The bottom

of the pit is covered, with oil, stair!

ways and platfcrrr.s have been made sliik

one pump to the other v<fss correctedby connecting a corrin-on line betweenthe oil sunps of each 'pump, so thst .the oil would seek a common level.Baffles ware placed at the pumpT- joint inlet to reduce pump oiltransfer between s.ister pumps.

3. .Preliminary Acceptance.

The baffles were installed upon therecommendation of the pump manu-

facturer to help prevent oil transferbetween sister pumps. This reoork

is acceptable. The supplier willrevise Dwg. No. 3085-100-50 and3086-600-20 accordingly. The ANSC

vent system was enlarged as recom-mended by the pump manufacturer.

,

4. Accept. A'.'SC had the pit area

cleaned. Safety declared the area

with oil. as a result of tracking, oil acceptable.

V'is *•"?,. ~}"irid c'c'i?n t"-" r^pir vhlch ir? Jn

violation of safety regulations, the

T.T: !-•-;- n jy f. '.•/».- " f '••,*•. •". : """_•'": t C"° ." '. V.'

.. ... 86 •


INSPECTION REPORT - Cont. SheetNO..

512330

t'.Ct m.L. fACillK A.S3 ISiP. A1EA

2r\005

i.

6HO. CAT IS. i. PAliT

[23 ffl AGOliO. CASH C/l

90273A 1PAGE 3 OP 3

C. PART S/N I SHOP ORDER NO.

1

PRCGSAM

IISHYA -19. D I S C R t ? A S C Y OR KOS-CC.S . CH Q 13. C A J 5 ; OF CIS. D ZO. DISP./COKKENTS C.X D 26. ACT. TO PR£V. BECU3.

LIST IK ORDER. NO: CCS. • DAG/3PEC . REJ IKSP. RES. • ITEM IDENT.21. P f l E l l M .

DECISIONREVIEW DECISIONS

D ER D H»

.the oit area.

SECTION 3, FIFT Accept. The supplier was informed

On 6-23-71 the Seller was preparing of the need for additional personnel

to per'forn operations initially to and met the requirement to provide

activate the pumps with/one" engineer tvjo operating personnel.

available. The •purchase-'order reouirss

the Seller's services of one ocerator

and one-engineer, to initiate complete

operation of the .furnace, etc.

87

APPENDIX D

THERMAL ANALYSIS

FOR

INDUCTION FURNACE

TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT CORRECTIONS

. 88

AEROJET :NUCLEAR SYSTEMS COMPANY

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA

TO:

FROM:

SUBJECT:

DISTRIBUTION:

REFERENCES.:

0. J. Derauth

D. T. Buchanan

28 September 1971DTB:jm N8110:M1746

Temperature Measurement in Inert Induction Furnace (IncludingDetailed Target Analysis)

L. B. Claassen, C. M. Kawashige, R. P. Radtke, K. Sato,L. A. Shurley, VJ. R. Tliompson, P. P. Ventura, J. J. Williams

(a) Memo N8110:M1733, D. T. Buchanan to 0. J. Demuth,Subject: "Temperature Measurement in Inert InductionFurnace", dated 25 August 1971 .

(b) A. R. Ubbelohde'et al., "Graphite and Its CrystalCompounds", Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1960

(c) Union Carbide Form CCP-3713 "Effective ThermalConductivity for Carbon & Graphite Felts", Page 8,dated 9'--30-19.70

(d) Cragir.et Corporation Drawing 3080-300-20, "Sight .Port Assembly with Thermocouple Unit", dated3-19-1971

INTRODUCTION: .

This memorandum supersedes Reference (a) and replaces it in its entirety.

SUMMARY:

A thermal analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of the specific

load on susceptor temperature within the induction furnace for testing the

'graphite skirt extension. A one-dimensional analysis indicated that the load

consisting ofthree 2200 Ib "candle sticks" will track the susceptor temperature

within 2°F at furnace temperatures in excess of 3800°F with a constant susceptor

power input of 1500 KW. Therefore, it was concluded that there is no effect.of

load on susceptor temperature at a given input power near steady-state conditions.

' .89, . ^ ;.: '•

oIr I ;•',..;

CAUUOitt

U.u't:

Tf I

0. J. Derauth -2- . N8110:M1746

A simple thermal analysis was conducted of the target.device which pene-

trates the furnace insulation and is viewed by a pyrometer. The analysis predicts

target temperatures approximately 170 to 185°F below the susceptor and load

temperatures.

ANALYSES: ; .

A one-dimensional thermal model of the furnace was coded for the E12901

"Thermal Analyzer" program. The load was input as a single capacitance node with

thermal radiation exchange with the susceptor and inner insulation surface. The

capacitance of the load was based on a weight of 6600 Ibs of graphite with tempera-

ture-dependent thermal capacitance as taken from Reference (b). The thermal radia-

tion exchange between the susceptor and the load was based on the surface area

of the three 16 in. diameter "candle sticks", each 113 in. high with a shape factor

of 1.0 from the susceptor to the load. The susceptor was also input as a single

node with a mass of 8000 Ibs with its thermal capacitance from Reference (b). .

Because of the wide variation in temperature through the insulation a

single nod'e approach Would have produced a gross error in the thermal capacitance.'

Therefore, six capacitance nodes representing 333 Ibs of insulation each were input

with an additional outer surface node held constan.t at 200°F. This approach pre-

sented a problem in selecting the'correct thermal conductivity because the data

provided in Reference (c) is mean conductivity based on the hot side temperature.

Therefore, the conductivity from Reference (c) was adjusted percentage wise to

give the specified steady state susceptor and load temperature. This method assured

that the total heat loss from the furnace at the specified temperature of 4930°F

(2720°C) is approximately correct.

A twelve hour transient thermal analysis was then run with a susceptor

heating rate of 1.5 MW. This heating rate accounts for losses in the coil; it

is assumed that approximately 1.75 MW are required at the coil to produce a .

1.5 MW heat rate at the susceptor. This transient analysis indicated that the

load will follow the susceptor temperature within 2°F for temperatures above

3800°F where the temperature rise rate is approximately 250°F/hr.

A simple thermal heat balance of the target used to measure the furnace

temperature with a pyrometer was conducted. It was assumed that the target .

tube as shown on Reference (d) protrudes approximately 3-1/2 inches beyond the

90

0. J. Demuth N8110:M1746

inner insulation surface. The net radiation exchange between the furnace and.

the outer surface area of that portion of the target which protrudes into the

furnace was balanced with heat losses due to stem conduction and thermal radiation

to the 200°F sink outside of the insulation. This energy balance was developed

as follows:

Qin (1)

where net heat received by target, Btu/sec

. 2A = outer surface of target tube which extends into furnace, in.

04 = absorptivity of target tube (0.95), "dimensionless

o /(T = Stefan-Boltzmann constant, Btu/in. -sec-°R

Tf = furnace temperature (5390°R) .

T- = target temperature, °R.

Similarly:

Qout = AT - 200) Ack/X (2)

where'out

heat loss from target, Btu/sec

. 2target area, in.

effective emissivity of target, dimensionless

cross sectional area of graphite material of2

target tube/in.

conductivity of graphite, Btu/in.-sec-°R

thickness of insulation, in.

Since the heat loss must equal the net radiation absorbed from the furnace by the

target tube, Equation (1) was set equal to Equation (2)

A°^<T (53904 - T.4) = -A_ £ C (T/' - 2004) + (T. - 200) A k/x1 i *- c • . 1 1 c

and solved for I . 91

0. J. Derauth -4- N8110:M1746

The inner and outer surfaces of the insulation through which the. target

tube passes were assumed to be 4930°F (5390°R) and 200°F respectively. It wasfs

f •

therefore estimated that the heat exchange between the target tube and insula-

tion will be minimal and could be neglected considering the preliminary nature of

this analysis.

Assuming effective emissivities of .95 and .85, the target temperature

errors (T_ - T_) were estimated.to be 170 and 185°F respectively using the abover i

expression. ' •

CONCLUSIONS:

The above analysis was based on an assumed maximum obtainable furnace

temperature of 2720°C and was not intended to determine the steady-state

furnace temperature. The transient analysis was conducted to determine the tem-

perature lag of the load surface compared with the susceptor, and to determine if

this lag could significantly influence susceptor temperature.

It was speculated that because of the lower surface-to-mass ratio of the

"candle sticks" compared to the prototype skirt extension, a load temperature lag

and therefore an effect of load on the susceptor temperature might be introduced;

this analysis shows that such is not the case. As the load and the susceptor ,are

at essentially the same temperature above 2800°F (1538°C) there should be no error

introduced from this source, and the use of candle sticks in place of the proto-

type skirt extension should have minimal effect on the furnace performance.

The energy radiated from the inner surface area of the target tube will

exit through the open end to the 200°F sink or strike the inner surface of the

tube. That radiant energy striking the inner surface will either be reflected,

re-radiated or conducted to the 200°F sink. Therefore, for the purpose of

radiation calculations, the approximation was made that the tube appears as a

disk having the I.D. of the tube, and located at the outer end of the tube.

This phenomenon results in the "equivalent" disk having an effective

emissivity approaching unity (fairly independent of the tube length or material

emissivity) . However, .if the diameter of the tube is increased, the ratio of

emitting target area to the area of the tube receiving radiation from the furnace

1. E. M. Sparrow, Radiation Heat Transfer, Brooks/Cole Co., Belmont, Calif.1966, p. 164 .

0. J. Derauth -5- N8110:M1746

c,will be increased, resulting, in a greater target temperature error.

The analysis on the target tube indicates that the target, due to heat

losses through stem conduction and thermal radiation, is approximately 175°F

lower than the load and susceptor temperature. It is recommended that a more

accurate thermal analysis of the target be conducted to allow for a correction

in the measurement or that a more accurate method of temperature measurement be

devised. .

S3

Thermophysics SectionEngineering Staff Department

Q

APPENDIX E

TEMPERATURE CORRECTION

FOR

EMISSIVIT'Y AND ABSORPTION OF QUARTZ GLASS

94

70

V

60

50oo

oF-o 40LU fU

oo

H 30

UJa.UJ

20

10 >

0

0.95

1000 1500 2000 2500

'TEMPERATURE, °C

35

0.97

0.98

0.99

1.00

3000

\