INDUSTRIALIZATION REVIEW

INDUSTRIALIZATION Factories Inventions Expansion of Slavery Immigrants Start of Reform movements Expansion of canals and rail roads

URBANIZATION Shift from Rural to City living Large groups living in a small area Because of industrialization we have

this… Overcrowding, crime, fires, disease Immigrants Pollution

IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSPORTATION Because of the improvements we can

move goods and people faster. It’s all about making jobs and lives

easier Railroads, steamboat, steam

locomotive, canal systems, etc.

RAILROADS Connected east and west Faster travel of goods and people Job opportunities building Negative= pollution

CANAL SYSTEM Connected water systems Faster travel Very expensive to build Commerce/Trade benefited because

this allowed for faster transport of products

STEAMBOAT The Clermont Can move goods upstream Invented by Robert Fulton Before the War of 1812!

WAGONS Used to travel west Cheap way to travel Very bumpy, uncomfortable ride

POLLUTION Negative effect of industrialization and

urbanization in the cities

LAISSEZ FAIRE/FREE ENTERPRISE “Leave it alone” Government staying out of business FREEDOM to choose products, partners,

and prices Less dependent on Foreign Products We now have an economic system that

matches our system of law and government based on INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS!

FACTORY SYSTEM Mass production of goods by machines,

faster and more efficient than making them by hand.

Kills the cottage industries: blacksmiths, cobblers, candle makers.

ADAM SMITH Father of modern economics. Laissez Faire system

ELI WHITNEY Invented the Cotton Gin,

Interchangeable parts

IMMIGRANTS Moved to the cities for job opportunities Cities were ideal because there were

many other immigrants were living there

Were willing to work for less pay than Americans.

COTTON GIN Fast way to separate the seed from the

cotton Increased production of cotton in the

South Responsible for the expansion of

slavery and the need for field workers in the South

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS Parts were produced to be identical Parts could be replaced and the product

is still of value This system was applied to MANY other

industries during Industrialization

STEAM ENGINE Responsible for the growth of industry,

before War of 1812 Steam power was applied to boats,

locomotives, and used to power factory machines.

Increased the demand for factory labor

PLANTATION SYSTEM Was able to thrive in the South

because: Geographic factors… Inventions (cotton gin) Use of the triangular trade

EXPANSION OF SLAVERY Due to the invention of the Cotton Gin

which made the cotton industry in the South boom, allowing the need for more field workers.

BESSEMER STEEL PROCESS Faster and cheaper way to mass

produce steel Helps with the building of factories, rail

roads, etc.

TELEGRAPH INSTANT COMMUNICATION Invented by Samuel Morse Connected coast to coast

WAR OF 1812 Caused the onset of Industrialization

because: Blockade of imports, which showed the

U.S. the need to be independent from so many foreign imports.

So…. We start to manufacture our own goods!