infinera-dawn_terabit_age.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
The Dawn of the Terabit AgeDevelopments in Photonic Integration and Scaling of the Digital Optical Network
3© 2011 Infinera Corporation Confidential & Proprietary
The Service Provider Challenge – Scaling to Terabits
Drivers Network Growth
Terabit Ethernet
Video
Mobility
Cloud
Internet
Digital Optical Networks
5 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Market requirements…..and how to deliver on them
MORE BANDWIDTH
Capacity per Wave
Capacity per System
100G to Terabit pipesFlexible coherent receivers
Rapid Plug & Play deployment
The optimal solution: Photonic Integration
Higher densityLower power
Carrier class reliability
6 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Market requirements…..and how to deliver on them
CONVERGENCE
WDM + OTN WDM + Packet
Integrated digital switchingEase of use
Lower overall cost
The optimal solution: Digital Networks
Integrated packet switchingNetwork simplificationCarrier class reliability
What kind of PIC?
HYBRID MONOLITHIC
• 100G WDM-on-a-chip• 10 channels• 60 components• InP
MULTI-CHANNEL
SINGLE-CHANNEL
Maximum benefit from multi-channel integration
Highest reliability & simplest design from monolithic integration
PIC
PICs – created equal?
• 500G WDM-on-a-chip• 100G per channel• >600 optical functions• Active & passive functions500G
Tx PIC500GRx PIC
Large-scale integration maximizes “capacity per chip”
Active PICs enable greatest level of functional integration
PICPASSIVE ACTIVE
LARGE - SCALE
SMALL - SCALE
PIC Design Decisions – Why? (Alternate)
ACTIVE
MONOLITHIC
LARGE-SCALE
LONG-REACH
HIGH-DATA-RATE
Consolidate expensive functions
Reliability/Simplicity/Cost
Maximize capacity/chipand
leverage Moore’s Law
Lower network CapEx
Maximize capacity/fiber
The Inevitability of Photonic Integration
“Photonic integration is the optical industry’s best hope for scaling to meet future bandwidth requirements while similarly reducing cost per bit.”
Sterling Perrin, Heavy Reading
“Optical integration is becoming a necessity because of 40 and 100 Gigabit [transmission]…The modulation formats require you to deal with signals in parallel, and using non-integrated components explodes the complexity.”
Joe Berthold, VP Optical Architecture, Ciena
“Integration is a key part of our thinking… Bandwidth growth is forcing us to consider architectures not considered before.”
Sam Bucci, vice president, WDM, Alcatel-Lucent’s optics activities
The Inevitability of Photonic Integration
“Infinera really does stand alone in large-scale opto-electronic integration today, with a PIC that could very well have an astounding lead time of four years over the rest of the optical industry.”
Sterling Perrin, Heavy Reading
Infinera’s History of Photonic Integration
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Research & Development
Volume Production
Gen 1 PIC100G DWDM “system on a chip”
Gen 2 PICULH and submarine reach
400Gb/s PIC (10 x 40Gb/s) demonstrating high data-rate scaling
1.6Tb/s PIC (40x40G) scaling to 100’s of functions per chip
S-band PICs: scaling fiber spectrum
First monolithically integrated 10-ch receiver
First monolithically integrated laser / modulator / mux
First working 100Gb/s Tx and Rx(10 x 11.1Gb/s)
Infinera’s Photonic Integration Roadmap
Gen 3 PIC500G DWDM coherent (5 x 100G)
1Tb/s coherent PIC:Enabling technology for FlexChannels
400G RZ-DQPSK PIC:PIC-based phase modulation
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20188
Research & Development
Volume Production
Moving to Gen 3 PICs500Gb/s WDM “System on a Chip”
Foundations of 100G Transmission
Coherent Detection• 40 nm DSP ASIC• Builds on Infinera high-
gain FEC track recordDP-QPSK Modulation
INDUSTRY-LEADING DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Fiber Capacity
Advanced Modulation
Coherent Detection
Advanced FEC
FoundationFeatures
Fiber Capacity
Advanced Modulation
Coherent Detection
Advanced FEC
FoundationFeatures
Large Scale PICs1FlexCoherent™ Modulation2Pervasive, Switched DWDM3
Differentiators
Infinera 100G Transmission:Foundation vs Differentiating Features
500G, Large Scale, Monolithic PIC Implementation
500GTx PIC
500GRx PIC
Number of channels 5 x 100G
Monolithic InP Chips 2
Optical elements > 600
“Gold Box” Replacements > 100
Fiber Replacements > 400
COST
SIZE
POWERCAPACITY
RELIABILITY
500Gb/s Transmitter PIC
5 x 114Gb/s Transmitter442 Elements: AWG mux, lasers, modulators, detectors, VOAs, control elements
• 500 Gb/s Multi-Chip Module• 1040 Inputs/Outputs• 17’ of wire bonds
500G Tx PIC
RF ASIC
ControlASIC
5 x 114Gb/s Tx PIC Module
500Gb/s Receiver PIC
5 x 114Gb/s Rx PIC Module
5 x 114Gb/s Receiver171 Elements: AWG demux, local laser oscillator, 90deg Hybrid, Balanced detectors, control elements
InputFibers
500G Rx PIC
TIA ASIC
Infinera 100G Transmission DifferentiatorsFlexCoherent™ Modulation
PM-B
PSK
PM-QPSK
8 QA
MREACH CAPACITY
16 QAM
FlexCoherent DSP ASIC • 40nm CMOS technology for low power consumption• Enhanced compensation of optical impairments: Chromatic Dispersion, PMD
FlexCoherent = “Dial-A-Reach”• Per-wavelength selection of the optimum coherent modulation
PIC-Based Coherent 100Gb/s TransmissionLive Network Demo with XO
1348 km production fiber route from Denver to Dallas
500G PIC-based transmitter and receiver
500Gb/s PIC transmitter 500Gb/s PIC receiver
DENVER
DALLAS
500G PICs integrate over 600 functions
500G PICs have been demonstrated with our customers over live networks
Infinera 500G PICs will deliver PIC-based economics in 2012
Summary
INFINERA’S KEY DIFFERENTIATORS:
Large Scale PICs FlexCoherent™ modulation Pervasive, Switched DWDM
Enabling Technologies forThe Terabit Age
Infinera’s Photonic Integration Roadmap
Gen 3 PIC500G DWDM coherent (5 x 100G)
Terabit PIC1Tb/s FlexChannel PIC for up to 25Tb/s capacity
2 Terabit PIC2Tb/s PIC: scaling for network CapEx and OpEx savings
1Tb/s coherent PIC:Enabling technology for FlexChannels
400G RZ-DQPSK PIC:PIC-based phase modulation
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20188
Research & Development
Volume Production
What’s changed so far
Since the advent of DWDM…
now
Phase Modulation
Coherent Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
Intensity Modulation
Direct Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
What Comes Next For Terabit Transport?
Since the advent of DWDM…
…so what has to change
Phase Modulation
Coherent Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
Intensity Modulation
Direct Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
Coherent Demultiplexing
Grid-less FlexChannels
Advanced Modulation Formats
Pol-MuxQPSK Pol-Mux
8-QAM
Pol-Mux16-QAM
IM-DD
BPSK
1.6 8 12 16 24
C-Band Capacity (Tb/s)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Capa
city
* R
each
Pro
duct
Since the advent of DWDM…
…so what has to change
Quadrature amplitude Modulation
Coherent Demultiplexing
Grid-less FlexChannels
On-Off Keyed Modulation
Direct Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
What Comes Next For Terabit Transport?
wavelength demux
DWDM Direct Detection
PD
Spacing on the fiber needed between waves: “Guard Bands”
Spatially separate the
channels using a
wavelength demux
wavelength demux
Spatially separate the
channels using a
wavelength demux
DWDM Coherent Detection
Spacing on the fiber needed between waves:
“Guard Bands”
ADC DSPPDLO
Use a local oscillator to choose the “color” we
want to “detect” … matching the filter
connected to
wavelength demux
Spatially separate the
FlexChannels using a
wavelength demux
Coherent wave combining and separation
LO
Block of similar-colored waves: a “Flex-Channel”
Use a local oscillator to choose the “color” we
want to “detect” within the block
ADC DSPPD
© 2011 Infinera Corporation.36
Scaling to Terabits – Challenges & Solutions
Conventional paradigm:increase “bits per wave”
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10Gb/s
40Gb/s
100Gb/s
100101010
1 Tb/s per wavelength?1 2 4 6 8 10 12
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10
OSN
R Pe
nalty
(dB)
Number of bits per symbol
PM-BPSK640GBaud
PM-QPSK320GBaud
PM-8QAM210GBaud
PM-16QAM160GBaud
PM-32QAM128GBaud
PM-64QAM105GBaud
Baud Rates for 1Tb/s per wave
Single-λ 1Tb/s requires…very high level modulation (64QAM)…very high OSNR (impacting reach)…using electronics that do not yet exist
Solution: Multi-carrier 1Tb/s FlexChannels
Commercial Analog/Digital Converters for coherent modulation will only hit
~64GBaud by 2014
How 1Tb/s Might Look…Conventional WDM vs FlexChannels
Guard bands allow for individual wavelength demux
Limits channel density and fiber capacity
Limits data rates by limiting available spectrum for modulation bandwidth
Tighter spacing, or higher data rate per channel ( FlexCoherent)
Up to 25% increase in useable amplifier spectrum
Simplified optical switching of FlexChannels with broader spectrum
Conventional Per-Channel WDM Filtering
1Tb/s
Multi-Carrier FlexChannel
1Tb/s
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Capa
city
* R
each
Pro
duct
Bits / Dual -Pol -Symbol
The Value of FlexChannels
PM QPSK
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Spectral efficiency [b/s/Hz]C-Band Capacity (Tb/s)
1.6 8 12 16 24
The result of FlexChannels:
more capacity…
…at the same reach…
…for a given modulation type
…using available electronics
What Comes Next For Terabit Transport?
Since the advent of DWDM…
…so what has to change
Quadrature amplitude Modulation
Coherent Wave Separation
Grid-less FlexChannels
On-Off Keyed Modulation
Direct Detection
ITU Frequency Grid
FlexChannels Increase Total Fiber CapacityMore complex modulation → more capacity per fiber
PM-QPSK
8-QAM
16-QAM
1Tb/s
12 Tb/s
18 Tb/s
24 Tb/s
Reach, Spectral Efficiency, and Co-Existence
1Tb/s PM-8QAMFlexChannel
1Tb/s PM-16QAMFlexChannel
10x100G PM-QPSK1Tb/s PM-QPSK
FlexChannel
or
AE
B CD
AWG
The Power of Photonic Integration
Multi-Carrier 1Tb/s FlexChannel
Tx DSPFEC
Tx PIC Rx PIC
Photonic Integration ASICs
Key Technologies for 1Tb/s
A/D conversion CD and PMD compensation Non-linear comp. possible Flexibility of electronics
High-gain FEC for max reach
From binary to multi-level Allow spectral shaping FlexCoherent modulation
Disruptive Technology Integrated multi-carrier 1Tb/s
Summary:The Key Technologies For 1Tb/s Are Well Understood
But the implementation of those technologies will be critical to allowing service providers to differentiate their products and services
Advanced Modulation
Coherent Detection
Advanced FEC
FoundationFeatures
Large Scale PICs1FlexCoherent™ Modulation2Pervasive, Switched DWDM3
Differentiators
Photonic Integration Enabling the Digital Optical NetworkDelivering the Fastest, Most Economical and Easiest to Use Network
100 Gb/s Transmit
100 Gb/s Receive
PICs Enable Pervasive Digital Switching
PICs enable cost-effective OEO
“WDM system on a chip”: 100Gb/s to 1Tb/s and more
Affordable OEO provides access to digital domain
Photonic Integration
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PICs Enable Pervasive Digital Switching
Enables “digital” functionality
Integrated switching at every node
High functionality Digital ROADM
Dramatic network simplification
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Optical (O) Electrical (E) Optical (O)
Trib
Integrated Switching + WDM
Photonic Integration
PICs Enable Pervasive Digital Switching
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Inte
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Pervasive Digital Switching
Integrated Switching + WDM
Photonic Integration
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Software-enabled “Ease-of-Use”
Digital switching at every node: OTN evolving to packet/OTN
Unconstrained bandwidth everywhere
Lowest cost per switched Gb/s
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XO "10 Gigs in 10 Days" Guarantee… across select major coast-to-coast routes…
…If XO Communications fails to install the service within business 10 days, the customer will be eligible for a one month service credit for each year of the customer's contract.
…delivering six 10Gbs wavelengths across 1200km of Europe in just 48 hours
PICs will re-define the network paradigm
Traditional transponder based WDM
PIC-based Integrated Switching + WDM
x-ponders + ROADMs
Gb/s per wave
Wavelengths
Coherent
$ per Gb/s (Transponder cost)
Pervasive, Switched DWDM
Fiber Capacity
FlexChannels
FlexCoherent
$ per switched Gb/s(Network cost)
what THE NETWORK will be
Low Cost Bandwidth in the Cloud
Pervasive and Distributed Switching
Digital Connectivity to the Cloud
Steadfast Reliability
Thank You
Q&A