Influence from ingredientsInfluence from ingredients W/CW/C Quantity of Quantity of pastepaste SpSp Aggregates Aggregates Admixture Admixture

Influence from environment TimeTime TemperatureTemperature Test conditionTest condition

Main influencing factors of Workability

4.Aggregates4.Aggregates

Shape and surface textureShape and surface texture

Size distributionSize distribution

Large particle sizeLarge particle size

Influence of aggregatesInfluence of aggregates

Main influencing factors of Workability

Gravel or Pit SandGravel or Pit SandGravel or Pit SandGravel or Pit Sand

Coarse texture, Coarse texture,

multi-anglemulti-angle

Coarse texture, Coarse texture,

multi-anglemulti-angle

Low mobilityLow mobilityLow mobilityLow mobility

ScreeScreeScreeScree

Smooth and RoundSmooth and RoundSmooth and RoundSmooth and Round

High mobilityHigh mobilityHigh mobilityHigh mobility

Shape and Surface TextureShape and Surface TextureThe relationship betweenThe relationship between shape/surface texturshape/surface texturee and mobility is that:and mobility is that:Gravel or pit sand, coarse texture, multi-angle, Gravel or pit sand, coarse texture, multi-angle, cause low mobility.cause low mobility.Scree cause high mobility, with the smooth anScree cause high mobility, with the smooth and round shape.d round shape.

Large voidage Large voidage

( W is certain)( W is certain)

Large voidage Large voidage

( W is certain)( W is certain)

Proper size distributionProper size distributionProper size distributionProper size distribution

Small voidageSmall voidage(W is certain)(W is certain)Small voidageSmall voidage(W is certain)(W is certain)

High mobilityHigh mobilityHigh mobilityHigh mobility

Poor size distributionPoor size distributionPoor size distributionPoor size distribution

Poor mobilityPoor mobilityPoor mobilityPoor mobility

Size DistributionSize DistributionThe relationship betweenThe relationship between size distribution and and mobility :mobility :properproper size distribution, , small pore (W is certain), small pore (W is certain), high mobilityhigh mobilitypoor poor size distribution, large pore( W is certain), large pore( W is certain), poor mobilitypoor mobility

Large particle sizeLarge particle size

Small surface areaSmall surface area(cement paste is certain)(cement paste is certain)

High mobilityHigh mobility

Large Particle SizeLarge Particle Size

The relationship between larger particle size and The relationship between larger particle size and mobility :mobility :larger particle size, smaller surface area (cement larger particle size, smaller surface area (cement paste is certain), higher mobilitypaste is certain), higher mobility